EP1477074B1 - Method for separating tobacco from a block of tobacco and device for performing the method - Google Patents

Method for separating tobacco from a block of tobacco and device for performing the method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1477074B1
EP1477074B1 EP04090198A EP04090198A EP1477074B1 EP 1477074 B1 EP1477074 B1 EP 1477074B1 EP 04090198 A EP04090198 A EP 04090198A EP 04090198 A EP04090198 A EP 04090198A EP 1477074 B1 EP1477074 B1 EP 1477074B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tobacco
cutting
cake
separating means
separating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP04090198A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1477074A1 (en
EP1477074A8 (en
Inventor
Holger Brandt
Birger Buhk
Eugen Schwarz
Hauke-Peter Hamkens
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Koerber Technologies GmbH
Original Assignee
Hauni Maschinenbau GmbH
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Publication date
Application filed by Hauni Maschinenbau GmbH filed Critical Hauni Maschinenbau GmbH
Priority to PL04090198T priority Critical patent/PL1477074T3/en
Priority to EP04090198A priority patent/EP1477074B1/en
Publication of EP1477074A1 publication Critical patent/EP1477074A1/en
Publication of EP1477074A8 publication Critical patent/EP1477074A8/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1477074B1 publication Critical patent/EP1477074B1/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B7/00—Cutting tobacco
    • A24B7/04—Cutting tobacco by machines with revolving knives
    • A24B7/08—Cutting tobacco by machines with revolving knives with several knives which act one after the other
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B7/00—Cutting tobacco
    • A24B7/04—Cutting tobacco by machines with revolving knives
    • A24B7/08—Cutting tobacco by machines with revolving knives with several knives which act one after the other
    • A24B7/12—Cutting tobacco by machines with revolving knives with several knives which act one after the other with cutter axes transverse to the feeding direction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for separating tobacco from a tobacco cake comprising a rotationally drivable release agent with at least one separating element and a feed for feeding the tobacco cake into the cutting plane formed by the or each separating element. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for separating tobacco from a tobacco cake, comprising the steps of transporting the tobacco cake into the region of the cutting plane of a rotating separating means provided with at least one separating element, separating the tobacco from the tobacco cake with the separating element and discharging the separated tobacco a downstream discharge system.
  • Such methods and devices are used in the tobacco processing industry.
  • a so-called tobacco cake which consists of pressed tobacco leaves, tobacco ribs or the like, separated smaller individual tobacco portions and fed to further processing.
  • Known tobacco cutters which can usually also be designed as a trimmer, cut tobacco slices from the tobacco cake by means of knives arranged radially around a rotary head. The knives are led past the feed for the tobacco cake.
  • the material to be cut that is, for example, the separated tobacco is guided over the side edges of the knife into a cavity in which the rotating knife carrier is arranged.
  • the separated tobacco guided into the cavity inevitably collides with the rotating parts, namely the moving parts of the cutting head. These collisions lead to an increased dust development. On the other hand, the separated tobacco is also damaged by the collisions.
  • the tobacco slides after separation from the tobacco cake on the side edges of the knife in a arranged below the knives so-called groove, from which the tobacco is then passed to a downstream discharge system.
  • the separated tobacco is thereby promoted or hurled at high speed, namely at about the cutting speed of the knife into the groove. Due to the deflection of the separated tobacco stream when it hits the groove, it is accelerated to a speed that is approximately twice the cutting speed of the knives. Since the acceleration also takes place in a very narrow radius of the groove, the tobacco is exposed to a very high load, which in turn leads to increased dust and thus to raw material losses.
  • the release agent in the region of each separation element has an opening which is designed such that the separated tobacco from the tobacco inevitably passed from the cutting plane to the tobacco cake facing away from the release agent becomes.
  • the inventive design of the release agent is a particularly effective and surprisingly simple way gentle separation of the tobacco from the tobacco cake and derivation of the separated tobacco possible because the separated tobacco immediately after separation from the cutting plane in one of the cutting zone separated area can be passed without the tobacco must be redirected.
  • a cutting zone is provided on the tobacco cake facing front side of the release agent and on the side facing away from the tobacco cake back of the release agent a sanctuary.
  • the sanctuary is free of moving parts of the device itself, so that the separated tobacco is not further burdened immediately after the separation.
  • the separated tobacco is thus slowed down only by its own air resistance.
  • the falling by its own weight down in the direction of the discharge system tobacco is performed very gently at low speed on the discharge system due to the flow of air from the cutting zone.
  • Each breakthrough preferably has a funnel-shaped shape which opens toward the side of the separating means facing away from the tobacco cake. This form of breakthroughs allows a deflection-free, namely almost linear discharge of the tobacco, whereby the burden on the tobacco is particularly effectively reduced.
  • the separating means is designed as a cutting plate, wherein the cutting plate is arranged on a shaft defining the axis of rotation. Due to the design of the release agent as a disk-shaped cutting plate, the distraction-free discharge of the separated tobacco is possible in a particularly simple manner.
  • the separating means is designed as a hollow drum, wherein the hollow drum is driven to rotate about the axis of rotation. Due to the design of the release agent as a hollow drum, due to the geometry of the hollow drum itself, a separation in the cutting zone and zone of protection achieved in a particularly simple manner, without additional design effort is necessary. Rather, the already existing geometric conditions are used in a surprising manner.
  • the object is achieved by a method with the steps mentioned above in that the separated tobacco is necessarily passed immediately after separation from the tobacco cake from the cutting plane through the release agent on the tobacco cake side facing away from the release agent.
  • a gentle separation and management of the just separated tobacco is made possible on a downstream discharge system.
  • the devices shown in the figures serve to cut and guide cut tobacco in a tobacco cutter.
  • a device 10 which comprises a release agent 11.
  • the release agent 11 is formed in this embodiment as a disk-shaped cutting plate 12.
  • the cutting plate 12 has a plurality, preferably eight uniformly distributed over the circumference separating elements 13, which are usually used as a knife 14th are formed.
  • four blades 14 are distributed over the circumference.
  • other release agents 13 can be used, for example, split, shear or impact elements or the like.
  • the four blades 14 and their cutting edges are radially aligned and adjustable. By adjusting or adjusting the blade 14, the wear of the blades 14 and the cutting edges, which is in particular caused by the regrinding of the cutting edges, be compensated. Alternatively, however, the position of the entire cutting plate 12 can be changed, in which case the blades 14 (locally) fixed to the cutting plate 12.
  • the knives 14 form a cutting plane 15 which spans or extends parallel to the cutting plate 12.
  • the blades 14 have an angle of attack ⁇ of about 10 ° to 50 °, wherein the preferred inclination of the blade 14 with respect to the cutting plane 15 is about 13 ° to 24 °.
  • the device 10 has a feed (not shown) by means of which a tobacco cake 16 can be brought to the separating means 11 or the cutting plate 12, into the region of the cutting plane 15.
  • This feed can be used as a conveyor belt, conveyor chain or other conventional Be formed supply means.
  • the cutting plate 12 is arranged on a shaft 17, which can be driven to rotate about an axis of rotation 18.
  • the cutting plate 12 itself has an opening 19 in the area of the blades 14.
  • the apertures 19 are formed as a passage opening, so that a passage from the front side 20 of the cutting plate 12, on which the tobacco cake 16 is supplied, on the back 21 of the cutting plate 12, on which the separated tobacco is discharged, created.
  • the cutting plate 12 with its geometry delimits a cutting zone 22 located on the front side 20 from a guard zone 23 located on the rear side 21.
  • the sanctuary zone 23 is surrounded by a housing 24, which almost completely closes the guard zone 23 from the environment.
  • each opening 19 expediently has a funnel-shaped shape which opens toward the rear side 21 (see in particular FIGS. 3 and 4).
  • the housing 24 is releasably secured to a base plate 27.
  • the base plate 27 is preferably like the cutting plate 12 disc-shaped and arranged parallel and spaced from the cutting plate 12, so that the cutting zone 22 between the cutting plate 12 and the base plate 27 is formed.
  • the base plate In the area of feeding the tobacco cake 16 into the cutting zone 22 or into the cutting plane 15, the base plate has an opening 28 through which the tobacco cake 16 can be conveyed in the direction of the cutting plate 12.
  • the opening 28 is provided with a mouthpiece 29 to assist the targeted and defined feeding of the tobacco cake 16.
  • the base plate 27 has at least one further opening 30. This opening 30, of which several can be distributed over the circumference, serves for introducing and / or sucking an air stream 31 formed from ambient air into the cutting zone 22 or the guard zone 23.
  • air is discharged from the cutting zone 22 to form the air stream 31 sucked in the rotational movement of the cutting plate 12 itself.
  • the opening 30 is used for "breathing", ie filling the cutting zone 22 with air in order to prevent a vacuum in the cutting zone 22.
  • the gentle transport of tobacco tobacco stream 32 consisting of separated tobacco is supported by the cutting zone 22 in the sanctuary zone 23.
  • means may also be arranged in the area of the base plate 27.
  • the apertures 19 are formed such that they have at least in part a linear passage from the front side 20 to the back 21.
  • edge 34 of the opening 19 is formed in the cutting direction in front of the blade tip 35 of the blade 14.
  • the edge 34 has in the region of the front side 20 of the cutting plate 12 on a slope 38, which facilitates the "threading" of the separated tobacco into the opening 19.
  • Knife tip 35 trailing edge 36 of the opening 19 extends, starting from the knife tip 35 first at an acute angle ⁇ , preferably of about 10 °, to the blade 14, then to leak in a radius to the sanctuary zone 23 out.
  • This geometry ensures a gentle and almost deflection-free transport of the tobacco from the cutting zone 22 in the zone of protection 23rd
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 show a further embodiment of the device 10.
  • the same reference numbers are used for identical parts. Since the devices 10 of Figures 1 to 4 on the one hand and Figures 5 and 6 on the other hand are basically constructed and operate on the same principle, a detailed description of the same features and designs is omitted.
  • the device 10 according to FIGS. 5 and 6 has a drum 41 as separating means 11.
  • the hollow drum 41 also has four, in preferred embodiments, eight, evenly distributed over the circumference separating elements 13 and knife 14, which describe a cutting plane 15 corresponding cutting circuit 15.
  • the drum 41 itself is rotationally driven about a rotation axis 42.
  • the blades 14 extend parallel in the direction of the axis of rotation 42.
  • the mouthpiece 29 is arranged so that the cutting zone 22 between tobacco cake 16 and drum 41 is formed.
  • the guard zone 23 is formed within the drum 41.
  • the front side 20 is the side on which the tobacco cake 16 is supplied.
  • the interior of the drum 41 corresponds to the rear side 21.
  • the cutting plane 15 has a slight curvature in the second embodiment, which runs parallel to the circumferential surface of the drum 41.
  • the angle of attack ⁇ of the blades 14 to the cutting plane 15 substantially corresponds to that of the first embodiment.
  • a further air flow 43 is provided in addition to the radially directed air flow 31.
  • the air flow 43 extends transversely to the drum 41, namely in the direction of the axis of rotation 42.
  • the air flow 43 can be generated by suitable means, preferably with a blower (not shown).
  • the air flow 31 may be formed, on the one hand, by rotation of the drum 41 itself in connection with the air flow 43 directed transversely to the drum 41, so that a suction effect from the outside is generated inside the drum 41.
  • the airflow 31 can also optionally be produced by additional means.
  • Reference numeral 44 denotes the cutting direction of the drum 41.
  • the tobacco cake 16 is continuously guided to the cutting plate 12 and the drum 41, so that the tobacco cake 16 abuts against the cutting plate 12 and the drum 41.
  • the blades 14 reach the position at which the tobacco is separated from the tobacco cake 16.
  • the severing can be a cutting, splitting, shearing or the like and inter alia depends essentially on the density of the material to be separated. that does not have to be exclusively tobacco.
  • the separation process starts on the upper side of the tobacco cake 16.
  • the separated tobacco is - the tobacco stream 32 forming - immediately and immediately passed from the cutting zone 22 in the sanctuary zone 23.
  • the transport from the cutting zone 22 into the guard zone 23 is optionally assisted by the air flow 31 which is sucked in by the rotation of the separating means 11 itself, so that the air flow 31 at the cutting plate 12 from the front 20 to the back 21 and the drum 41st From the outside to the inside is passed through the apertures 19.
  • the tobacco stream 32 is initially almost linear, ie transported without the tobacco stream 32 accelerating or destroying deflections in the sanctuary zone 23. Since the guard zone 23 is free of any components of the device 10 itself, the collision of the tobacco stream 32 with other components can be prevented.
  • the tobacco stream 32 is therefore decelerated in the sanctuary 23 only by its own air resistance.
  • the braking effect is also supported by the different flow velocities, due to the small cross section in the area of the knives 14 or the cutting zone 22 on the one hand and the expanded cross section in the area of the guard zone 23 on the other hand.
  • the tobacco stream 32 is then gently guided in the device 10 according to the figures 1 to 4 by its gravity and optionally supported by the air stream 31 in the direction of the discharge chute 26, where the tobacco stream 32 then hits the discharge system at low speed ,
  • the tobacco stream 32 in the device 10 according to Figures 5 and 6 is guided by the additional air flow 43 from the sanctuary zone 23 to an exit opening from the drum 41.

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  • Manufacturing Of Cigar And Cigarette Tobacco (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)

Abstract

The tobacco cutting machine (10) has a rotor (11,12) with four apertures (19) accommodating knives or scraper blades (13,14). The knives may be set at 13-24 degrees to the vertical plane of the rotor disk. The disk turns inside a fixed housing (24) with a flat back-plate. The plate has a breather aperture (30) and the tobacco stick (16) is pushed onto the rotor through a second aperture (29). Tobacco flakes fall through an outlet aperture (26) in the bottom of the housing.

Description

Die Erfindung befaßt sich mit einer Vorrichtung zum Trennen von Tabak von einem Tabakkuchen umfassend ein rotierend antreibbares Trennmittel mit mindestens einem Trennelement sowie eine Zuführung zum Zuführen des Tabakkuchens in die durch das oder jedes Trennelement gebildete Schneidebene. Des weiteren betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zum Trennen von Tabak von einem Tabakkuchen, umfassend die Schritte: Transportieren des Tabakkuchens in den Bereich der Schneidebene eines mit mindestens einem Trennelement versehenen rotierenden Trennmittels, Trennen des Tabaks vom Tabakkuchen mit dem Trennelement und Ableiten des abgetrennten Tabaks an ein nachgeordnetes Abfuhrsystem.The invention relates to a device for separating tobacco from a tobacco cake comprising a rotationally drivable release agent with at least one separating element and a feed for feeding the tobacco cake into the cutting plane formed by the or each separating element. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for separating tobacco from a tobacco cake, comprising the steps of transporting the tobacco cake into the region of the cutting plane of a rotating separating means provided with at least one separating element, separating the tobacco from the tobacco cake with the separating element and discharging the separated tobacco a downstream discharge system.

Derartige Verfahren und Vorrichtungen kommen in der tabakverarbeitenden Industrie zum Einsatz. Dabei werden von einem sogenannten Tabakkuchen, der aus gepreßten Tabakblättern, Tabakrippen oder dergleichen besteht, einzelne kleinere Tabakportionen abgetrennt und der weiteren Verarbeitung zugeführt. Bekannte Tabakschneider, die üblicherweise auch als Stimschneider ausgebildet sein können, schneiden Tabakscheiben vom Tabakkuchen mittels radial um einen Rotationskopf angeordneter Messer. Die Messer werden an der Zuführung für den Tabakkuchen vorbei geführt. Beim Schneidvorgang wird das Schneidgut, also z.B. der abgetrennte Tabak über die Seitenflanken der Messer in einen Hohlraum geführt, in dem auch der rotierende Messerträger angeordnet ist. Der in den Hohlraum geleitete abgetrennte Tabak kollidiert dabei zwangsläufig mit den rotierenden Teilen, nämlich den bewegten Teilen des Schneidkopfes. Diese Kollisionen führen zum einen zu einer erhöhten Staubentwicklung. Zum anderen wird der abgetrennte Tabak durch die Kollisionen auch beschädigt.Such methods and devices are used in the tobacco processing industry. In this case, of a so-called tobacco cake, which consists of pressed tobacco leaves, tobacco ribs or the like, separated smaller individual tobacco portions and fed to further processing. Known tobacco cutters, which can usually also be designed as a trimmer, cut tobacco slices from the tobacco cake by means of knives arranged radially around a rotary head. The knives are led past the feed for the tobacco cake. During the cutting process, the material to be cut, that is, for example, the separated tobacco is guided over the side edges of the knife into a cavity in which the rotating knife carrier is arranged. The separated tobacco guided into the cavity inevitably collides with the rotating parts, namely the moving parts of the cutting head. These collisions lead to an increased dust development. On the other hand, the separated tobacco is also damaged by the collisions.

In anderen bekannten Tabakschneidern gleitet der Tabak nach dem Abtrennen vom Tabakkuchen über die Seitenflanken der Messer in eine unter den Messern angeordnete sogenannte Hohlkehle, aus der der Tabak dann an ein nachgeordnetes Abfuhrsystem geleitet wird. Der abgetrennte Tabak wird dabei mit hoher Geschwindigkeit, nämlich etwa mit der Schnittgeschwindigkeit der Messer, in die Hohlkehle gefördert bzw. geschleudert. Durch die beim Auftreffen auf die Hohlkehle bedingte Umlenkung des abgetrennten Tabakstroms wird dieser auf eine Geschwindigkeit beschleunigt, die etwa doppelt so groß ist wie die Schnittgeschwindigkeit der Messer. Da die Beschleunigung auch noch in einem sehr engen Radius der Hohlkehle erfolgt, wird der Tabak einer sehr hohen Belastung ausgesetzt, die wiederum zu erhöhter Staubentwicklung und somit zu Rohmaterialverlusten führt. Nach der Umlenkung und der dadurch bedingten Beschleunigung wird der Tabak dann in tangentialer Richtung aus der Schneidtrommel geführt und trifft nahezu ungebremst in stumpfem Winkel auf die Oberfläche des Abfuhrsystems, was erneut zu Staubbildung und dem damit verbundenen Verlust an Rohmaterial führt. Des weiteren wird dieser durch die beschriebene Behandlung des Tabaks auch zerstört.In other known tobacco cutters the tobacco slides after separation from the tobacco cake on the side edges of the knife in a arranged below the knives so-called groove, from which the tobacco is then passed to a downstream discharge system. The separated tobacco is thereby promoted or hurled at high speed, namely at about the cutting speed of the knife into the groove. Due to the deflection of the separated tobacco stream when it hits the groove, it is accelerated to a speed that is approximately twice the cutting speed of the knives. Since the acceleration also takes place in a very narrow radius of the groove, the tobacco is exposed to a very high load, which in turn leads to increased dust and thus to raw material losses. After the deflection and consequent acceleration of the tobacco is then guided in a tangential direction from the cutting drum and hits almost unchecked at an obtuse angle to the surface of the discharge system, which again leads to dust and the associated loss of raw material. Furthermore, this is also destroyed by the described treatment of the tobacco.

Es ist daher Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine einfach herzustellende Vorrichtung zu schaffen, die eine zuverlässige und tabakschonende Trennung des Tabaks vom Tabakkuchen und Weiterleitung des abgetrennten Tabaks an nachgeordnete Systeme gewährleistet. Des weiteren ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Verfahren vorzuschlagen, mit dem Tabak von einem Tabakkuchen auf besonders schonende Weise getrennt und an nachgeordnete Systeme abgeleitet werden kann.It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an easy-to-produce device that ensures reliable and tobacco-friendly separation of the tobacco from the tobacco cake and forwarding the separated tobacco to downstream systems. Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to propose a method by which tobacco can be separated from a tobacco cake in a particularly gentle manner and derived from downstream systems.

Diese Aufgabe wird zum einen durch eine Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Gattung dadurch gelöst, daß das Trennmittel im Bereich jedes Trennelementes einen Durchbruch aufweist, der derart ausgebildet ist, daß der vom Tabakkuchen abgetrennte Tabak zwangsläufig aus der Schneidebene auf die dem Tabakkuchen abgewandte Seite des Trennmittels geleitet wird. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Gestaltung des Trennmittels ist auf besonders effektive und überraschend einfache Weise eine schonende Trennung des Tabaks vom Tabakkuchen und Ableitung des abgetrennten Tabaks möglich, da der abgetrennte Tabak unmittelbar nach der Trennung aus der Schneidebene in einen von der Schneidzone getrennten Bereich geleitet werden kann, ohne das der Tabak dabei umgelenkt werden muß.This object is achieved on the one hand by a device of the type mentioned fact that the release agent in the region of each separation element has an opening which is designed such that the separated tobacco from the tobacco inevitably passed from the cutting plane to the tobacco cake facing away from the release agent becomes. The inventive design of the release agent is a particularly effective and surprisingly simple way gentle separation of the tobacco from the tobacco cake and derivation of the separated tobacco possible because the separated tobacco immediately after separation from the cutting plane in one of the cutting zone separated area can be passed without the tobacco must be redirected.

In einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist auf der dem Tabakkuchen zugewandten Vorderseite des Trennmittels eine Schneidzone und auf der dem Tabakkuchen abgewandten Rückseite des Trennmittels eine Schonzone vorgesehen. Durch diese örtliche, durch die Geometrie des Trennmittels bedingte Trennung von Schneidzone und Schonzone ist die Schonzone frei von bewegten Teilen der Vorrichtung selbst, so daß der abgetrennte Tabak unmittelbar nach dem Abtrennen nicht weiter belastet wird. Der abgetrennte Tabak wird also nur durch seinen eigenen Luftwiderstand abgebremst. Der durch sein Eigengewicht nach unten in Richtung des Abfuhrsystems fallende Tabak wird aufgrund der Luftströmung aus der Schneidzone sehr schonend mit geringer Geschwindigkeit auf das Abfuhrsystem geführt.In an advantageous development of the invention, a cutting zone is provided on the tobacco cake facing front side of the release agent and on the side facing away from the tobacco cake back of the release agent a sanctuary. By this local, due to the geometry of the release agent separation of cutting zone and zone of protection, the sanctuary is free of moving parts of the device itself, so that the separated tobacco is not further burdened immediately after the separation. The separated tobacco is thus slowed down only by its own air resistance. The falling by its own weight down in the direction of the discharge system tobacco is performed very gently at low speed on the discharge system due to the flow of air from the cutting zone.

Vorzugsweise weist jeder Durchbruch eine trichterförmige, zur von dem Tabakkuchen abgewandten Seite des Trennmittels hin sich öffnende Gestalt auf. Diese Form der Durchbrüche ermöglicht eine umlenkungsfreie, nämlich nahezu lineare Ableitung des Tabaks, wodurch die Belastung auf den Tabak besonders wirksam reduziert wird.Each breakthrough preferably has a funnel-shaped shape which opens toward the side of the separating means facing away from the tobacco cake. This form of breakthroughs allows a deflection-free, namely almost linear discharge of the tobacco, whereby the burden on the tobacco is particularly effectively reduced.

Vorteilhafterweise ist das Trennmittel als Schneidteller ausgebildet, wobei der Schneidteller auf einer die Drehachse bestimmenden Welle angeordnet ist. Durch die Ausbildung des Trennmittels als scheibenförmiger Schneidteller ist die ablenkungsfreie Ableitung des abgetrennten Tabaks auf besonders einfache Weise möglich.Advantageously, the separating means is designed as a cutting plate, wherein the cutting plate is arranged on a shaft defining the axis of rotation. Due to the design of the release agent as a disk-shaped cutting plate, the distraction-free discharge of the separated tobacco is possible in a particularly simple manner.

In einer anderen bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist das Trennmittel als Hohltrommel ausgebildet, wobei die Hohltrommel um die Drehachse rotierend antreibbar ist. Durch die Ausbildung des Trennmittels als Hohltrommel wird, bedingt durch die Geometrie der Hohltrommel selbst, eine Trennung in Schneidzone und Schonzone auf besonders einfache Weise erreicht, ohne daß zusätzlicher konstruktiver Aufwand notwendig ist. Es werden vielmehr die ohnehin vorhandenen geometrischen Gegebenheiten in überraschender Weise genutzt.In another preferred embodiment, the separating means is designed as a hollow drum, wherein the hollow drum is driven to rotate about the axis of rotation. Due to the design of the release agent as a hollow drum, due to the geometry of the hollow drum itself, a separation in the cutting zone and zone of protection achieved in a particularly simple manner, without additional design effort is necessary. Rather, the already existing geometric conditions are used in a surprising manner.

Des weiteren wird die Aufgabe durch ein Verfahren mit den eingangs genannten Schritten dadurch gelöst, daß der abgetrennte Tabak unmittelbar nach dem Abtrennen vom Tabakkuchen zwangsläufig aus der Schneidebene durch das Trennmittel hindurch auf die dem Tabakkuchen abgewandte Seite des Trennmittels geleitet wird. Damit wird eine schonende Trennung und Führung des gerade abgetrennten Tabaks auf ein nachgeordnetes Abfuhrsystem ermöglicht.Furthermore, the object is achieved by a method with the steps mentioned above in that the separated tobacco is necessarily passed immediately after separation from the tobacco cake from the cutting plane through the release agent on the tobacco cake side facing away from the release agent. Thus, a gentle separation and management of the just separated tobacco is made possible on a downstream discharge system.

Weitere bevorzugte Weiterbildungen und Ausführungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen und der Beschreibung. Besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsformen sowie das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren werden anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigt:

Fig. 1
eine Vorderansicht einer ersten Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung zum Trennen von Tabak von einem Tabakkuchen,
Fig. 2
eine Ansicht gemäß Schnitt A-A der Vorrichtung gemäß Figur 1,
Fig. 3
eine Ansicht gemäß Schnitt B-B der Vorrichtung gemäß Figur 1,
Fig. 4
eine Detaildarstellung F des Messers gemäß Figur 3in starker Vergrößerung,
Fig. 5
eine perspektivische Ansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung zum Trennen von Tabak von einem Tabakkuchen, und
Fig. 6
eine Seitenansicht der Vorrichtung gemäß Figur 5 im Vollschnitt.
Further preferred developments and embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and the description. Particularly preferred embodiments and the method according to the invention are explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. In the drawing shows:
Fig. 1
a front view of a first embodiment of the device for separating tobacco from a tobacco cake,
Fig. 2
a view according to section AA of the device according to Figure 1,
Fig. 3
a view according to section BB of the device according to Figure 1,
Fig. 4
a detailed representation F of the blade according to FIG. 3 in high magnification,
Fig. 5
a perspective view of another embodiment of the device for separating tobacco from a tobacco cake, and
Fig. 6
a side view of the device according to Figure 5 in full section.

Die in den Figuren dargestellten Vorrichtungen dienen zum Schneiden und Führen von geschnittenem Tabak in einem Tabakschneider.The devices shown in the figures serve to cut and guide cut tobacco in a tobacco cutter.

In der Figur 1 ist eine Vorrichtung 10 gezeigt, die ein Trennmittel 11 umfaßt. Das Trennmittel 11 ist in dieser Ausführungsform als scheibenförmiger Schneidteller 12 ausgebildet. Der Schneidteller 12 weist mehrere, vorzugsweise acht gleichmäßig über den Umfang verteilte Trennelemente 13 auf, die üblicherweise als Messer 14 ausgebildet sind. In den Figuren sind vier Messer 14 über den Umfang verteilt. Es sind jedoch alternativ auch andere Trennmittel 13 einsetzbar, z.B. Spalt-, Scher- oder Schlagelemente oder dergleichen. Die vier Messer 14 bzw. deren Schneidkanten sind radial ausgerichtet und verstellbar ausgebildet. Durch die Einstellung bzw. Verstellung der Messer 14 kann der Verschleiß der Messer 14 bzw. der Schneidkanten, der insbesondere durch das Nachschleifen der Schneidkanten bewirkt wird, ausgeglichen werden. Alternativ kann aber auch die Position des gesamten Schneidtellers 12 veränderbar sein, wobei dann die Messer 14 (orts-) fest am Schneidteller 12 befestigt sind.In the figure 1, a device 10 is shown, which comprises a release agent 11. The release agent 11 is formed in this embodiment as a disk-shaped cutting plate 12. The cutting plate 12 has a plurality, preferably eight uniformly distributed over the circumference separating elements 13, which are usually used as a knife 14th are formed. In the figures, four blades 14 are distributed over the circumference. However, alternatively, other release agents 13 can be used, for example, split, shear or impact elements or the like. The four blades 14 and their cutting edges are radially aligned and adjustable. By adjusting or adjusting the blade 14, the wear of the blades 14 and the cutting edges, which is in particular caused by the regrinding of the cutting edges, be compensated. Alternatively, however, the position of the entire cutting plate 12 can be changed, in which case the blades 14 (locally) fixed to the cutting plate 12.

Die Messer 14 bilden eine Schneidebene 15, die sich parallel zum Schneidteller 12 aufspannt bzw. erstreckt. Die Messer 14 weisen einen Anstellwinkel α von etwa 10° bis 50° auf, wobei die bevorzugte Neigung der Messer 14 in Bezug auf die Schneidebene 15 etwa 13° bis 24° beträgt. Des weiteren weist die Vorrichtung 10 eine (nicht dargestellte) Zuführung auf, mittels der ein Tabakkuchen 16 an das Trennmittel 11 bzw. die Schneidplatte 12 heranführbar ist, und zwar in den Bereich der Schneidebene 15. Diese Zuführung kann als Transportband, Förderkette oder anderes übliches Zuführmittel ausgebildet sein.The knives 14 form a cutting plane 15 which spans or extends parallel to the cutting plate 12. The blades 14 have an angle of attack α of about 10 ° to 50 °, wherein the preferred inclination of the blade 14 with respect to the cutting plane 15 is about 13 ° to 24 °. Furthermore, the device 10 has a feed (not shown) by means of which a tobacco cake 16 can be brought to the separating means 11 or the cutting plate 12, into the region of the cutting plane 15. This feed can be used as a conveyor belt, conveyor chain or other conventional Be formed supply means.

Wie aus der Figur 2 ersichtlich, ist der Schneidteller 12 auf einer Welle 17 angeordnet, die um eine Drehachse 18 rotierend antreibbar ist. Der Schneidteller 12 selbst weist im Bereich der Messer 14 jeweils einen Durchbruch 19 auf. Die Durchbrüche 19 sind als Durchgangsöffnung ausgebildet, so daß ein Durchgang von der Vorderseite 20 des Schneidtellers 12, auf der der Tabakkuchen 16 zugeführt wird, auf die Rückseite 21 des Schneidtellers 12, auf der der abgetrennte Tabak abgeführt wird, geschaffen ist. Mit anderen Worten grenzt der Schneidteller 12 mit seiner Geometrie eine auf der Vorderseite 20 befindliche Schneidzone 22 von einer auf der Rückseite 21 befindlichen Schonzone 23 ab. Die Schonzone 23 ist von einem Gehäuse 24 umgeben, das die Schonzone 23 nahezu vollständig von der Umgebung abschließt. Lediglich in einem Bodenbereich 25 des Gehäuses 24 ist eine Öffnung, nämlich ein Auswurfschacht 26 ausgebildet, durch den der abgetrennte Tabak einem nachgeordneten (nicht dargestellten) Abfuhrsystem zuführbar ist. Mittels der Durchbrüche 19 ist ein Durchtritt des vom Tabakkuchen 16 abgetrennten Tabaks von der Vorderseite 20 auf die Rückseite 21 möglich, der frei von Umlenkungen ist, so daß der Tabak nahezu linear förderbar bzw. transportierbar ist. Um diesen umlenkungsfreien Transport zu ermöglichen, weist jeder Durchbruch 19 zweckmäßigerweise eine trichterförmige, zur Rückseite 21 hin sich öffnende Gestalt auf (siehe insbesondere Figuren 3 und 4).As can be seen from FIG. 2, the cutting plate 12 is arranged on a shaft 17, which can be driven to rotate about an axis of rotation 18. The cutting plate 12 itself has an opening 19 in the area of the blades 14. The apertures 19 are formed as a passage opening, so that a passage from the front side 20 of the cutting plate 12, on which the tobacco cake 16 is supplied, on the back 21 of the cutting plate 12, on which the separated tobacco is discharged, created. In other words, the cutting plate 12 with its geometry delimits a cutting zone 22 located on the front side 20 from a guard zone 23 located on the rear side 21. The sanctuary zone 23 is surrounded by a housing 24, which almost completely closes the guard zone 23 from the environment. Only in a bottom region 25 of the housing 24 is an opening, namely a discharge chute 26, through which the separated tobacco can be fed to a downstream (not shown) discharge system. By means of the openings 19 is a passage of tobacco separated from the tobacco cake 16 from the front 20 to the back 21 possible, which is free of deflections, so that the tobacco is nearly linearly conveyed or transportable. In order to facilitate this deflection-free transport, each opening 19 expediently has a funnel-shaped shape which opens toward the rear side 21 (see in particular FIGS. 3 and 4).

Das Gehäuse 24 ist an einer Grundplatte 27 lösbar befestigt. Die Grundplatte 27 ist vorzugsweise ebenso wie der Schneidteller 12 scheibenförmig ausgebildet und parallel und beabstandet zum Schneidteller 12 angeordnet, so daß die Schneidzone 22 zwischen dem Schneidteller 12 und der Grundplatte 27 gebildet ist. Im Bereich der Zuführung des Tabakkuchens 16 in die Schneidzone 22 bzw. in die Schneidebene 15 weist die Grundplatte eine Öffnung 28 auf, durch die der Tabakkuchen 16 in Richtung des Schneidtellers 12 förderbar ist. Die Öffnung 28 ist mit einem Mundstück 29 versehen, um die gezielte und definierte Zuführung des Tabakkuchens 16 zu unterstützen. Des weiteren weist die Grundplatte 27 mindestens eine weitere Öffnung 30 auf. Diese Öffnung 30, von denen mehrere über den Umfang verteilt sein können, dient zum Einleiten und/oder Ansaugen eines aus Umgebungsluft gebildeten Luftstroms 31 in die Schneidzone 22 bzw. die Schonzone 23. Grundsätzlich wird Luft aus der Schneidzone 22 zur Bildung des Luftstroms 31 durch die Drehbewegung des Schneidtellers 12 selbst angesaugt. Die Öffnung 30 dient zum "Beatmen", also Auffüllen der Schneidzone 22 mit Luft, um ein Vakuum in der Schneidzone 22 zu verhindern. Durch den Luftstrom 31 wird der schonende Transport des aus abgetrenntem Tabak bestehenden Tabakstroms 32 von der Schneidzone 22 in die Schonzone 23 unterstützt. Zur Erzeugung eines aktiven Luftstroms 31 können im Bereich der Grundplatte 27 auch (nicht dargestellte) Mittel angeordnet sein.The housing 24 is releasably secured to a base plate 27. The base plate 27 is preferably like the cutting plate 12 disc-shaped and arranged parallel and spaced from the cutting plate 12, so that the cutting zone 22 between the cutting plate 12 and the base plate 27 is formed. In the area of feeding the tobacco cake 16 into the cutting zone 22 or into the cutting plane 15, the base plate has an opening 28 through which the tobacco cake 16 can be conveyed in the direction of the cutting plate 12. The opening 28 is provided with a mouthpiece 29 to assist the targeted and defined feeding of the tobacco cake 16. Furthermore, the base plate 27 has at least one further opening 30. This opening 30, of which several can be distributed over the circumference, serves for introducing and / or sucking an air stream 31 formed from ambient air into the cutting zone 22 or the guard zone 23. Basically, air is discharged from the cutting zone 22 to form the air stream 31 sucked in the rotational movement of the cutting plate 12 itself. The opening 30 is used for "breathing", ie filling the cutting zone 22 with air in order to prevent a vacuum in the cutting zone 22. By the air flow 31, the gentle transport of tobacco tobacco stream 32 consisting of separated tobacco is supported by the cutting zone 22 in the sanctuary zone 23. To generate an active air flow 31, means (not shown) may also be arranged in the area of the base plate 27.

Wie insbesondere aus den Figuren 3 und 4 zu entnehmen ist, sind die Durchbrüche 19 derart ausgebildet, daß sie mindestens zum Teil einen linearen Durchtritt von der Vorderseite 20 auf die Rückseite 21 aufweisen. Mit anderen Worten ist eine in Schneidrichtung (siehe Pfeil 33) vorauslaufende, sich in Transportrichtung (siehe Pfeil 37) des Tabakkuchens 16 erstreckende Kante 34 des Durchbruchs 19 in Schneidrichtung vor der Messerspitze 35 des Messers 14 ausgebildet. Die Kante 34 weist im Bereich der Vorderseite 20 des Schneidtellers 12 eine Schräge 38 auf, die das "Einfädeln" des abgetrennten Tabaks in den Durchbruch 19 erleichtert. Eine der Messerspitze 35 nachlaufende Kante 36 des Durchbruchs 19 verläuft, ausgehend von der Messerspitze 35 zunächst in einem spitzen Winkel β, vorzugsweise von etwa 10°, zum Messer 14, um dann in einem Radius zur Schonzone 23 hin auszulaufen. Diese Geometrie gewährleistet einen schonenden und nahezu umlenkungsfreien Transport des Tabaks von der Schneidzone 22 in die Schonzone 23.As can be seen in particular from Figures 3 and 4, the apertures 19 are formed such that they have at least in part a linear passage from the front side 20 to the back 21. In other words, in the cutting direction (see arrow 33) leading, in the transport direction (see arrow 37) of the tobacco cake 16 extending edge 34 of the opening 19 is formed in the cutting direction in front of the blade tip 35 of the blade 14. The edge 34 has in the region of the front side 20 of the cutting plate 12 on a slope 38, which facilitates the "threading" of the separated tobacco into the opening 19. One of the Knife tip 35 trailing edge 36 of the opening 19 extends, starting from the knife tip 35 first at an acute angle β, preferably of about 10 °, to the blade 14, then to leak in a radius to the sanctuary zone 23 out. This geometry ensures a gentle and almost deflection-free transport of the tobacco from the cutting zone 22 in the zone of protection 23rd

In den Figuren 5 und 6 ist eine weitere Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung 10 gezeigt. Für identische Teile werden dieselben Bezugsziffern verwendet. Da die Vorrichtungen 10 der Figuren 1 bis 4 einerseits und der Figuren 5 und 6 andererseits grundsätzlich nach dem gleichen Prinzip aufgebaut sind und funktionieren, wird auf eine ausführliche Beschreibung gleicher Merkmale und Ausführungen verzichtet. Allerdings weist die Vorrichtung 10 gemäß der Figuren 5 und 6 als Trennmittel 11 eine Trommel 41 auf. Die hohl ausgebildete Trommel 41 verfügt ebenfalls über vier, in bevorzugten Ausführungen auch acht, gleichmäßig über den Umfang verteilte Trennelemente 13 bzw. Messer 14, die einen der Schneidebene 15 entsprechenden Schneidkreis 15 beschreiben. Die Trommel 41 selbst ist um eine Drehachse 42 rotierend antreibbar. Die Messer 14 erstrecken sich parallel in Richtung der Drehachse 42. Im Bereich der Zuführung des Tabakkuchens 16 ist das Mundstück 29 angeordnet, so daß die Schneidzone 22 zwischen Tabakkuchen 16 und Trommel 41 gebildet ist. Die Schonzone 23 ist innerhalb der Trommel 41 gebildet.FIGS. 5 and 6 show a further embodiment of the device 10. The same reference numbers are used for identical parts. Since the devices 10 of Figures 1 to 4 on the one hand and Figures 5 and 6 on the other hand are basically constructed and operate on the same principle, a detailed description of the same features and designs is omitted. However, the device 10 according to FIGS. 5 and 6 has a drum 41 as separating means 11. The hollow drum 41 also has four, in preferred embodiments, eight, evenly distributed over the circumference separating elements 13 and knife 14, which describe a cutting plane 15 corresponding cutting circuit 15. The drum 41 itself is rotationally driven about a rotation axis 42. The blades 14 extend parallel in the direction of the axis of rotation 42. In the supply of the tobacco cake 16, the mouthpiece 29 is arranged so that the cutting zone 22 between tobacco cake 16 and drum 41 is formed. The guard zone 23 is formed within the drum 41.

Analog zum Schneidteller 12 ist die Vorderseite 20 die Seite, auf der der Tabakkuchen 16 zugeführt wird. Der Innenraum der Trommel 41 entspricht der Rückseite 21. Die Schneidebene 15 weist in der zweiten Ausführung eine leichte Wölbung, die parallel zur Umfangsfläche der Trommel 41 verläuft. Der Anstellwinkel α der Messer 14 zur Schneidebene 15 entspricht im wesentlichem dem der ersten Ausführungsform.Analogous to the cutting plate 12, the front side 20 is the side on which the tobacco cake 16 is supplied. The interior of the drum 41 corresponds to the rear side 21. The cutting plane 15 has a slight curvature in the second embodiment, which runs parallel to the circumferential surface of the drum 41. The angle of attack α of the blades 14 to the cutting plane 15 substantially corresponds to that of the first embodiment.

Innerhalb der Schonzone 23 ist zusätzlich zum radial gerichteten Luftstrom 31 ein weiterer Luftstrom 43 vorgesehen. Der Luftstrom 43 verläuft quer zur Trommel 41, nämlich in Richtung der Drehachse 42. Der Luftstrom 43 ist mit geeigneten Mitteln erzeugbar, vorzugsweise mit einem (nicht dargestellten) Gebläse. Der Luftstrom 31 kann zum einen durch Rotation der Trommel 41 selbst in Verbindung mit dem quer zur Trommel 41 gerichteten Luftstrom 43 gebildet sein, so daß eine Sogwirkung von außen nach innen in die Trommel 41 erzeugt wird. Der Luftstrom 31 kann aber auch optional durch zusätzliche Mittel produziert werden. Mit Bezugsziffer 44 ist die Schneidrichtung der Trommel 41 bezeichnet.Within the guard zone 23, a further air flow 43 is provided in addition to the radially directed air flow 31. The air flow 43 extends transversely to the drum 41, namely in the direction of the axis of rotation 42. The air flow 43 can be generated by suitable means, preferably with a blower (not shown). The air flow 31 may be formed, on the one hand, by rotation of the drum 41 itself in connection with the air flow 43 directed transversely to the drum 41, so that a suction effect from the outside is generated inside the drum 41. However, the airflow 31 can also optionally be produced by additional means. Reference numeral 44 denotes the cutting direction of the drum 41.

Im folgenden wird das Verfahren zur Trennung von Tabak von einem kontinuierlich zugeförderten Tabakkuchen 16 beschrieben:
Der Tabakkuchen 16 wird kontinuierlich an den Schneidteller 12 bzw. die Trommel 41 geführt, so daß der Tabakkuchen 16 an der Schneidplatte 12 bzw. der Trommel 41 anliegt. Durch Rotieren der Schneidplatte 12 bzw. der Trommel 41 gelangen die Messer 14 in die Position, an der der Tabak vom Tabakkuchen 16 getrennt wird. Bei der Vorrichtung 10 gemäß Figuren 1 bis 4 treffen die Messer 14 seitlich auf den Tabakkuchen 16 und trennen den Tabak vom Tabakkuchen 16. Das Trennen kann ein Schneiden, Spalten, Scheren oder dergleichen sein und hängt u.a. wesentlich von der Dichte des zu trennenden Materials, das nicht ausschließlich Tabak sein muß, ab. Bei der Vorrichtung 10 gemäß Figuren 5 und 6 setzt der Trennvorgang auf der Oberseite des Tabakkuchens 16 an. Der abgetrennte Tabak wird - den Tabakstrom 32 bildend - sofort und unmittelbar von der Schneidzone 22 in die Schonzone 23 geleitet. Der Transport von der Schneidzone 22 in die Schonzone 23 wird optional durch den Luftstrom 31 unterstützt, der durch die Rotation des Trennmittels 11 selbst angesaugt wird, so daß der Luftstrom 31 beim Schneidteller 12 von der Vorderseite 20 auf die Rückseite 21 und bei der Trommel 41 von außen nach innen geleitet wird, und zwar durch die Durchbrüche 19. Durch die weiter oben beschriebene Geometrie und Anordnung der Durchbrüche 19 wird der Tabakstrom 32 zunächst nahezu linear, d.h. ohne den Tabakstrom 32 beschleunigende oder zerstörende Umlenkungen in die Schonzone 23 transportiert. Da die Schonzone 23 frei von irgendwelchen Komponenten der Vorrichtung 10 selbst ist, kann auch die Kollision des Tabakstroms 32 mit anderen Komponenten verhindert werden. Der Tabakstrom 32 wird in der Schonzone 23 daher lediglich durch seinen eigenen Luftwiderstand abgebremst. Der Bremseffekt wird auch durch die unterschiedlichen Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten, bedingt durch den kleinen Querschnitt im Bereich der Messer 14 bzw. der Schneidzone 22 einerseits und den aufgeweiteten Querschnitt im Bereich der Schonzone 23 andererseits, unterstützt.The following describes the process for the separation of tobacco from a continuously fed tobacco cake 16:
The tobacco cake 16 is continuously guided to the cutting plate 12 and the drum 41, so that the tobacco cake 16 abuts against the cutting plate 12 and the drum 41. By rotating the cutting plate 12 and the drum 41, the blades 14 reach the position at which the tobacco is separated from the tobacco cake 16. In the apparatus 10 according to FIGS. 1 to 4, the knives 14 meet laterally on the tobacco cake 16 and separate the tobacco from the tobacco cake 16. The severing can be a cutting, splitting, shearing or the like and inter alia depends essentially on the density of the material to be separated. that does not have to be exclusively tobacco. In the device 10 according to FIGS. 5 and 6, the separation process starts on the upper side of the tobacco cake 16. The separated tobacco is - the tobacco stream 32 forming - immediately and immediately passed from the cutting zone 22 in the sanctuary zone 23. The transport from the cutting zone 22 into the guard zone 23 is optionally assisted by the air flow 31 which is sucked in by the rotation of the separating means 11 itself, so that the air flow 31 at the cutting plate 12 from the front 20 to the back 21 and the drum 41st From the outside to the inside is passed through the apertures 19. By the above-described geometry and arrangement of the apertures 19, the tobacco stream 32 is initially almost linear, ie transported without the tobacco stream 32 accelerating or destroying deflections in the sanctuary zone 23. Since the guard zone 23 is free of any components of the device 10 itself, the collision of the tobacco stream 32 with other components can be prevented. The tobacco stream 32 is therefore decelerated in the sanctuary 23 only by its own air resistance. The braking effect is also supported by the different flow velocities, due to the small cross section in the area of the knives 14 or the cutting zone 22 on the one hand and the expanded cross section in the area of the guard zone 23 on the other hand.

In der Schonzone 23 selbst wird der Tabakstrom 32 dann in der Vorrichtung 10 gemäß der Figuren 1 bis 4 durch seine Schwerkraft und optional unterstützt durch den Luftstrom 31 schonend in Richtung des Auswurfschachtes 26 geleitet, wo der Tabakstrom 32 dann mit geringer Geschwindigkeit auf das Abfuhrsystem trifft. Der Tabakstrom 32 in der Vorrichtung 10 gemäß der Figuren 5 und 6 wird durch den zusätzlichen Luftstrom 43 aus der Schonzone 23 an eine Ausgangsöffnung aus der Trommel 41 geführt.In the protective zone 23 itself, the tobacco stream 32 is then gently guided in the device 10 according to the figures 1 to 4 by its gravity and optionally supported by the air stream 31 in the direction of the discharge chute 26, where the tobacco stream 32 then hits the discharge system at low speed , The tobacco stream 32 in the device 10 according to Figures 5 and 6 is guided by the additional air flow 43 from the sanctuary zone 23 to an exit opening from the drum 41.

Claims (23)

  1. Apparatus for separating tobacco from a tobacco cake (16), including a rotatable separating means (11) with at least one separating element (13) and a delivery means for delivering the tobacco cake (16) into the cutting plane (15) formed by the or each separating element (13), characterized in that in the region of each separating element (13) the separating means (11) has an aperture (19) which is designed in such a way that the tobacco separated from the tobacco cake (16) is automatically guided out of the cutting plane (15) onto the side of the separating means (11) facing away from the tobacco cake (16).
  2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the separating means (11) has several separating elements (13) which are constructed as blades (14).
  3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the separating means (11) has eight adjustable blades (14) which are evenly distributed over the circumference of the separating means (11).
  4. Apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the blades (14) have a set angle α of about 10° to 50°, preferably about 13° to 24°, to the cutting plane (15).
  5. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that on the front side (20) of the separating means (11) facing towards the tobacco cake (16) is provided a cutting zone (22), and on the rear side (21) of the separating means (11) facing away from the tobacco cake (16) is provided a careful-treatment zone (23).
  6. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the tobacco separated from the tobacco cake (16) can be conveyed free from deflections, that is, almost linearly, from the front side (20) to the rear side (21) of the separating means (11).
  7. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that each aperture (19) has a funnel shape opening towards the side of the separating means (11) facing away from the tobacco cake (16).
  8. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the separating means (11) is constructed as a cutting plate (12), wherein the cutting plate (12) is arranged on a shaft (17) defining the axis of rotation (18).
  9. Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the blades (14) are arranged on the cutting plate (12) in such a way that their cutting edges are oriented radially.
  10. Apparatus according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that associated with the cutting plate (12) on the front side (20) is a base plate (27), wherein the cutting plate (12) and the base plate (27) are spaced apart from each other to form the cutting zone (22).
  11. Apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that the base plate (27) has a mouthpiece (29) for precise delivery of the tobacco cake (16) into the region of the cutting plane (15).
  12. Apparatus according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the base plate (27) has at least one further opening (30) for introducing and/or drawing in an air stream (31).
  13. Apparatus according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that on the base plate (27) is arranged a housing (24) to form the careful-treatment zone (23) on the rear side (21) of the cutting plate (12).
  14. Apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that the housing (24) has an ejection shaft (26) for guiding the separated tobacco on to a subsequent removal system.
  15. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the separating means (11) is constructed as a hollow drum (41), wherein the hollow drum (41) is rotatable about the axis of rotation (42).
  16. Apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that the blades (14) are arranged in the region of the circumferential surface of the drum (41) and extend parallel to the axis of rotation (42).
  17. Apparatus according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that a mouthpiece (29) is provided for precise delivery of the tobacco cake (16) into the region of the cutting circle (15).
  18. Apparatus according to any one of claims 15 to 17, characterized in that means are provided for introducing an air stream (43) into the careful-treatment zone (23) parallel to the axis of rotation (42), and/or a radial air stream (31) transversely to the axis of rotation (42).
  19. Apparatus according to any one of claims 15 to 18, characterized in that the hollow drum (41) has on one face an ejection opening for guiding the separated tobacco on to a subsequent removal system.
  20. Method for separating tobacco from a tobacco cake, including the steps of
    - transporting the tobacco cake (16) into the region of the cutting plane (15) of a rotating separating means (11) provided with at least one separating element (13),
    - separating the tobacco from the tobacco cake (16) with the separating element (13),
    - carrying off the tobacco separated from the tobacco cake (16) to a subsequent removal system,
    characterized in that
    - immediately after separation from the tobacco cake (16) the separated tobacco is automatically guided out of the cutting plane (15) through the separating means (11) onto the side of the separating means (11) facing away from the tobacco cake (16).
  21. Method according to claim 20, characterized in that conveying of the separated tobacco from the tobacco cake (16) takes place in linear alignment from the cutting plane (15) to the side facing away from the tobacco cake (16).
  22. Method according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that transport from a cutting zone (22) in front of the separating means (11) into a careful-treatment zone (23) behind the separating means (11) takes place without deflection.
  23. Method according to claim 22, characterized in that the separated tobacco in the careful-treatment zone (23) is slowed down only by its own aerodynamic drag.
EP04090198A 2003-05-16 2004-05-17 Method for separating tobacco from a block of tobacco and device for performing the method Expired - Lifetime EP1477074B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL04090198T PL1477074T3 (en) 2003-05-16 2004-05-17 Method for separating tobacco from a block of tobacco and device for performing the method
EP04090198A EP1477074B1 (en) 2003-05-16 2004-05-17 Method for separating tobacco from a block of tobacco and device for performing the method

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP03090145 2003-05-16
EP03090145 2003-05-16
EP04090198A EP1477074B1 (en) 2003-05-16 2004-05-17 Method for separating tobacco from a block of tobacco and device for performing the method

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1477074A1 EP1477074A1 (en) 2004-11-17
EP1477074A8 EP1477074A8 (en) 2005-02-09
EP1477074B1 true EP1477074B1 (en) 2007-08-08

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EP (1) EP1477074B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4597572B2 (en)
CN (1) CN100409774C (en)
AT (1) ATE369046T1 (en)
DE (1) DE502004004550D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2289431T3 (en)
PL (1) PL1477074T3 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
PL392804A1 (en) * 2010-10-29 2012-05-07 International Tobacco Machinery Poland Spółka Z Ograniczoną Odpowiedzialnością Knife set for the tobacco cutter
CN102715634B (en) * 2012-07-05 2014-03-05 巩义市长征新科真空机械厂 Compressed air tobacco bundle cutting and unbinding system
CN110154118B (en) * 2019-06-25 2024-02-23 重庆长征重工有限责任公司 Rotary knife device capable of automatically compensating

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB665653A (en) * 1949-04-05 1952-01-30 Robert Legg Ltd Improvements in or relating to machines for cutting tobacco and similar materials
DE883575C (en) * 1951-07-06 1954-08-09 Kurt Koerber & Co K G Drive device for the grinding mechanism on roller tobacco cutters
US3604489A (en) * 1969-12-23 1971-09-14 Philip Morris Inc Grinding mill
JPS5828265A (en) * 1981-07-23 1983-02-19 エイエムエフ・インコ−ポレ−テツド Method and apparatus for cutting laminate material
IT1256915B (en) * 1992-08-03 1995-12-27 Comas Spa ROTARY CUTTING DEVICE, PARTICULARLY FOR THE TOBACCO SHREDDING.
DE69416417T2 (en) * 1993-09-07 1999-09-09 Tabac Fab Reunies Sa ROTATING CUTTER
US6413566B2 (en) * 1999-08-03 2002-07-02 Heat And Control Inc. Simultaneous slicing and washing of vegetables

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CN1550162A (en) 2004-12-01
CN100409774C (en) 2008-08-13
DE502004004550D1 (en) 2007-09-20
PL1477074T3 (en) 2007-12-31
EP1477074A1 (en) 2004-11-17
JP4597572B2 (en) 2010-12-15
ATE369046T1 (en) 2007-08-15
JP2004337168A (en) 2004-12-02
ES2289431T3 (en) 2008-02-01
EP1477074A8 (en) 2005-02-09

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