EP1476697A1 - Als flächenstrahler ausgebildeter infrarot-strahler - Google Patents
Als flächenstrahler ausgebildeter infrarot-strahlerInfo
- Publication number
- EP1476697A1 EP1476697A1 EP03709604A EP03709604A EP1476697A1 EP 1476697 A1 EP1476697 A1 EP 1476697A1 EP 03709604 A EP03709604 A EP 03709604A EP 03709604 A EP03709604 A EP 03709604A EP 1476697 A1 EP1476697 A1 EP 1476697A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- infrared radiator
- radiator according
- strips
- infrared
- constructed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/12—Radiant burners
- F23D14/14—Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates
- F23D14/148—Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates with grids, e.g. strips or rods, as radiation intensifying means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/12—Radiant burners
- F23D14/14—Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates
- F23D14/145—Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates combustion being stabilised at a screen or a perforated plate
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/12—Radiant burners
- F23D14/14—Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates
- F23D14/147—Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates with perforated plates as radiation intensifying means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/12—Radiant burners
- F23D14/14—Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates
- F23D14/149—Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates with wires, threads or gauzes as radiation intensifying means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D2203/00—Gaseous fuel burners
- F23D2203/10—Flame diffusing means
- F23D2203/102—Flame diffusing means using perforated plates
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D2212/00—Burner material specifications
- F23D2212/10—Burner material specifications ceramic
Definitions
- Infrared heater designed as a surface heater
- the invention relates to an infrared radiator designed as a surface radiator with a radiating body which is heated on the rear side by a burning fluid-air mixture and the front surface of which emits the infrared radiation.
- Infrared emitters designed as surface emitters are known to be used in dryer systems which are used to dry sheet-like materials, for example paper or cardboard sheets. Depending on the width of the web to be dried and the desired heating output, the required number of emitters with aligned radiation surfaces is put together to form a drying unit.
- FIG. 16 The basic structure of an individual generic infrared radiator is shown in FIG. 16 and described, for example, in DE 199 01 145-A1.
- the fuel / air mixture required for the operation of the heater is fed to the heater through an opening (a) in the housing (b) and first reaches a distribution chamber (c) in which the mixture is evenly distributed over the heater surface - perpendicular to the view shown here - is distributed.
- the gases then pass through a permeable barrier (d).
- the main task of the barrier (d) is to separate the combustion chamber (e) in which the gas is burned from the distribution chamber (c), in which the unburned gas mixture is located, so that no flashback occurs from the combustion chamber (e) after the distribution chamber (c).
- the barrier (d) is sensibly designed so that the best possible heat transfer of the hot combustion exhaust gases to the radiation-emitting solid body, i.e. the surface of the barrier (d) itself, possibly the walls of the combustion chamber (e) and the actual one Radiant body (f) is prepared.
- the geometric / constructive design of the combustion chamber (e) and radiant element (f) is also carried out from the point of view
- the object of the invention is to maximize the service life of such a construction by using a particularly suitable material for the radiant body, since this generally represents the wearing part of the construction.
- the radiant body is made of a highly heat-resistant material which contains more than 50 percent by weight of a metal silicide, preferably molybdenum disilicide (MoSi 2 ) or tungsten disilicide (WSi 2 ).
- a metal silicide preferably molybdenum disilicide (MoSi 2 ) or tungsten disilicide (WSi 2 ).
- An infrared radiator according to the invention can be operated for a very high specific heating power with flame temperatures of more than 1200 ° C, if necessary even more than 1700 ° C.
- the radiator has a high emission factor and a long service life.
- Another advantage is that the material can be shaped in various ways to optimize the radiation behavior and the convective heat transfer.
- FIG. 1 shows a cross section of the structure of an infrared radiator according to the invention
- FIG. 2 shows a plan view of the radiating front of the radiator body according to FIG. 1
- FIG. 3 shows a plan view of a radiator body which is made up of individual tubes, FIG the radiator with the radiator according to Figure 3,
- FIG. 5 shows a section through the housing of an emitter, the emitter body of which is made up of individual strips, 6 to 12 each show the top view and / or cross sections through differently designed and arranged strips,
- FIG. 13 shows a further embodiment from the rear of the radiator housing, the hood of the radiator being shown partially open,
- FIG. 14 shows a section through the Spotlight housing of the embodiment according to FIG. 8,
- FIG. 15 shows a single radiating element of the radiating body
- FIG. 16 shows in cross section the basic structure of a radiator housing.
- the infrared radiators according to the invention are preferably heated with gas, alternatively heating with a liquid fuel as the heating fluid is possible.
- each radiator contains a mixing tube 1, into which a mixing nozzle 2 is screwed at one end.
- a gas supply line 3 is connected to the mixing nozzle 2 and is connected to a manifold 4 from which a plurality of radiators arranged next to one another are supplied with gas 5.
- the supply of air 6 takes place via a hollow cross member 7, to which the mixing tube 1 is attached.
- the connecting line 8 for the air supply opens into the upper part of the mixing tube 1 in a downwardly open air chamber 9 comprising the outlet end of the mixing nozzle 2, so that a gas-air mixture is introduced into the mixing space 10 of the mixing tube 1 from above.
- a housing 11 is fastened, in which a burner plate 12 made of ceramic is arranged as a barrier.
- the burner plate 12 contains a series of through bores 13 which open into a combustion chamber 14 which is formed between the burner plate 12 and a radiant body 15 which is arranged essentially parallel to it and at a distance. Flames form in the combustion chamber 14, which heat the radiant body 15 from the rear, so that it emits infrared radiation.
- the mixing tube 1 opens into a distribution chamber 17 sealed by a hood 16, which is closed at the other end by the burner plate 12. So that the gas-air mixture is evenly distributed on the back of the burner plate 12, a baffle plate 18 is arranged in the distribution chamber 17, against which the supplied mixture flows.
- the burner plate 12 is fitted in the housing 11 in circumferential, fire-proof seals 19.
- the radiator 15 hangs in one circumferential refractory frame 20 which is attached to the housing 11 and together with the seals 19 seals the combustion chamber 14 laterally gas-tight.
- the radiant body 15 is made of a highly heat-resistant material which contains more than 50% by weight of a metal silicide as the main component.
- Molybdenum disilicide (MoSi 2 ) or tungsten disilicide (WSi 2 ) are preferably used as metal silicides.
- Silicon oxide (SiO 2 ), zirconium oxide (ZrO 2 ) or silicon carbide (SiC) or mixtures of these compounds are preferably contained as a further constituent. These materials are extremely temperature-resistant and stable, so that the heater - if necessary - can be operated with flame temperatures of more than 1700 ° C up to 1850 ° C.
- the material has the further advantage that scaling does not occur.
- a flame temperature slightly below the maximum possible temperature of the radiator body 15 for example between 1100 ° C and 1400 ° C, whereby the formation of thermal NO x is kept within an acceptable range.
- the jet body 15 consists of a block which contains a multiplicity of continuous channels 21.
- the channels 21 are heated on the rear side of the jet body 15 which delimits the combustion chamber 14.
- the channels 21 are either tubular or slit-shaped.
- the cross section of the tubular channels is preferably either circular or in the form of a regular polygon.
- the channels 21 are arranged next to one another in a honeycomb shape.
- the channels 21 can also be slit-shaped.
- the jet body 15 is preferably constructed from a row of plates arranged at a distance from one another, the spaces between which form the slot-shaped channels.
- FIGS. 3 and 4 show an embodiment in which the radiant body 15 is constructed from a plurality of tubes 22 or rods arranged at a distance from one another.
- the tubes 22 or rods extend parallel to the burner plate 14 and are each fastened with their ends in the frame 20.
- the outside of the tubes 22 form the radiating front surface, a gap-shaped is formed between each tube 22 Opening 23 through which hot combustion gases and infrared radiation can escape.
- FIG. 5 A particularly advantageous embodiment of a radiator is shown in FIG. 5.
- the jet body 15 is constructed from a plurality of strips 24 which are arranged at a distance from one another and, like the tubes 22 in FIG. 4, are arranged parallel to the barrier and are mounted at their ends in the frame of the housing 11.
- the strips are constructed and arranged in such a way that parts of them form baffles for the flames.
- the strips 24 have a U-shaped or H-shaped cross section, the open sides between the two legs 25 being directed outwards (downwards in FIG. 5).
- the crossbars 26 between the legs 25 delimit the combustion chamber 14 and form the baffles for the flames.
- the impact surface when used with the structure of the barrier described below, results in maximum convective heat transfer from the flames to the radiant body 15.
- the transverse webs 26 of the strips 24 preferably have indentations 27 which face the flames, as shown in FIG.
- the indentations 27 act as enlarged baffles that catch the flames.
- Slot-shaped openings 23 are arranged between each two strips 24, which enable the combustion exhaust gases to be removed.
- Each strip 24 is made of the high-temperature material described above, which contains more than 50% by weight MoSi 2 or WSi 2 as the main component.
- FIGS. 8 to 12 preferred embodiments are shown in cross section, in which the radiant body is constructed from at least two layers of strips 24 lying one above the other. In operation, the strips 24 of the two layers assume different radiation temperatures, as a result of which the efficiency is significantly increased. In FIGS. 8 to 12, the flames are directed from top to bottom, as in FIGS. 1 to 5.
- the strips 24 are each designed as an angle profile with two legs.
- the two legs form an angle between 30 ° and 150 ° to each other, preferably about 90 °.
- the strips 24 of the two layers are offset from one another so that the combustion exhaust gases pass through the two Layers can also be redirected. The redirection results in a significantly improved heat transfer to the two layers.
- the angle profile strips of the two layers are aligned in the flame direction and offset from one another, in the embodiment according to FIG. In both embodiments, the flames strike the angle of the ledges 24 of the upper layer.
- the strips are also opposite and offset from one another, the flames hitting the angled side of the strips of the lower layer.
- FIG. 11 shows an embodiment in which the radiant body 15 is constructed from strips 24, which are each designed in the form of a half-shell.
- the half-shell-shaped strips 24 are aligned in opposite directions in the two layers and offset from one another, so that the combustion exhaust gases are also largely deflected in this embodiment.
- the strips 24 have a U-shaped cross section, as in the embodiment according to FIG. They are also arranged in two layers, the strips 24 of the lower layer being arranged opposite each other and offset from the strips 24 of the upper layer.
- the strips 24 of the lower layer thus cover the space between two strips 24 of the upper layer and thus force the combustion exhaust gases emerging through the spaces to change direction by 180 °.
- FIG. 5 shows a particularly advantageous embodiment of the barrier, which can also be used instead of the burner plate 12 made of ceramic in conjunction with the jet bodies 15 shown in other figures.
- the barrier consists of a nozzle plate 28 made of a heat-resistant metal, into which a number of tubular nozzles 29 are inserted, which are also made of metal.
- the gas-air mixture passes through the nozzles 29 from the distribution chamber 17 into the combustion chamber 14.
- the nozzles 29 are arranged such that the outlet opening of each nozzle 29 is directed against baffles formed by parts of the jet body 15.
- the outlet openings of the nozzles 29 are each directed approximately centrally against the transverse web 26 of a strip 24 of the jet body 15.
- FIG. 5 shows a particularly advantageous embodiment of the barrier, which can also be used instead of the burner plate 12 made of ceramic in conjunction with the jet bodies 15 shown in other figures.
- the barrier consists of a nozzle plate 28 made of a heat-resistant metal, into which a number of tubular nozzles 29 are inserted
- each nozzle 29 is directed against an indentation 27 in the crosspiece 26.
- the nozzles 29 are in a gas-permeable non-woven fabric 30 made of a heat-resistant material embedded.
- the nonwoven fabric 30 formed by high-temperature-resistant ceramic fibers acts as an insulating layer for the nozzle plate 28 and thus prevents it from being damaged by the high temperatures in the combustion chamber 14.
- the diameter of a nozzle 29 is 1.5 mm - 4 mm.
- the nozzle plate 28 contains comparatively few passage openings for the gas-air mixture. There are approximately 1500 - 2500 openings (nozzles 29) per m 2 of the area of the nozzle plate 28.
- FIGS. 13 to 16 show a further embodiment of an infrared radiator according to the invention, in which the radiating body is constructed from a multiplicity of radiating elements 31 arranged next to one another.
- FIG. 13 shows a view of the rear of the radiator housing 11, the hood 16 and the burner plate 12 being partially not shown in order to allow a view of the radiant body from the inside.
- the radiator housing 11 is closed off on its front side emitting the infrared radiation by a metal grid 32 made of a heat-resistant metal, into which a multiplicity of radiating elements 31 are suspended.
- Each blasting element 31 is made of the highly heat-resistant material described above, which contains more than 50% by weight MoSi 2 as the main component. It consists of an approximately square disc 33 with side hooks 34 with which it can be hung in the grid 32.
- the beam elements 21 are suspended in the grid 32 in such a way that the disks 33 form an incidence surface for the flames parallel to the burner plate 12, which is only interrupted by passage openings between the individual disks 33.
- the inner region of each disk 33 is preferably curved slightly outwards so that the incidence area of the flames is enlarged.
- the infrared emitters according to the invention are particularly suitable for drying sheet-like materials at high web speeds.
- a preferred area of application is the drying of running cardboard or paper webs in paper factories, for example behind coating devices.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Gas Burners (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10205922 | 2002-02-12 | ||
DE10205922 | 2002-02-12 | ||
DE10222450 | 2002-05-22 | ||
DE10222450A DE10222450A1 (de) | 2002-02-12 | 2002-05-22 | Als Flächenstrahler ausgebildeter Infrarot-Strahler |
PCT/DE2003/000387 WO2003069224A1 (de) | 2002-02-12 | 2003-02-11 | Als flächenstrahler ausgebildeter infrarot-strahler |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1476697A1 true EP1476697A1 (de) | 2004-11-17 |
EP1476697B1 EP1476697B1 (de) | 2010-10-20 |
Family
ID=27735669
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03709604A Expired - Lifetime EP1476697B1 (de) | 2002-02-12 | 2003-02-11 | Als flächenstrahler ausgebildeter infrarot-strahler |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7038227B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1476697B1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2475915A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2003069224A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3598000A1 (de) * | 2018-07-20 | 2020-01-22 | Solaronics S.A. | Gasbefeuerter strahlungsemitter mit einem strahlungsschirm |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7448428B2 (en) * | 2005-10-14 | 2008-11-11 | Pcc Airfoils, Inc. | Method of casting |
KR100778716B1 (ko) * | 2006-07-07 | 2007-11-22 | 주식회사 경동나비엔 | 가스버너의 염공부 구조 |
JP6008463B2 (ja) * | 2007-12-07 | 2016-10-19 | ザ ジェネラル ホスピタル コーポレイション | 皮膚科学的治療のためのシステムおよび装置 |
WO2011057897A1 (en) * | 2009-11-13 | 2011-05-19 | Nv Bekaert Sa | Multiscreen radiant burner |
IT1400045B1 (it) * | 2010-05-25 | 2013-05-17 | Rude Srl | Dispositivo per un riscaldamento ambientale a raggi infrarossi. |
CA2878086C (en) * | 2012-07-03 | 2020-07-28 | Ulrich Dreizler | Burner with surface burning |
US9676246B2 (en) * | 2014-01-13 | 2017-06-13 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Systems for improving climate comfort for rear vehicle passengers |
US20170074509A1 (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2017-03-16 | Green Air Burner Systems, LLC | Hydrocarbon Burner |
GB2599898A (en) * | 2020-10-07 | 2022-04-20 | Edwards Ltd | Burner Liner |
FR3117191B1 (fr) * | 2020-12-03 | 2023-02-10 | Solaronics | Emetteur de rayonnement infra-rouge |
Family Cites Families (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE464692C (de) | 1928-08-23 | Wilhelm Ruppmann Fa | Brenner mit hintereinanderliegenden Lochplatten | |
DE1218375B (de) | 1959-02-04 | 1966-06-08 | Stettner & Co Fabrik Elektroke | Brenner fuer gasfoermige oder fluessige Brennstoffe |
DE1233764B (de) | 1961-10-11 | 1967-02-02 | Samuel Ruben | Verfahren zur Herstellung von hochschmelzenden, elektrisch leitenden Sinterkoerpern |
DE1629952C3 (de) | 1967-07-03 | 1974-02-28 | Kurt 4000 Duesseldorf Krieger | Strahlungsbrenner |
FR1595547A (de) | 1968-03-11 | 1970-06-15 | ||
DE1905148C3 (de) * | 1969-02-03 | 1976-01-02 | Kurt 4000 Duesseldorf Krieger | Strahlungsbrenner |
GB8526068D0 (en) | 1985-10-22 | 1985-11-27 | Thorn Emi Appliances | Cooking apparatus |
DE3734274C2 (de) * | 1986-10-09 | 1996-07-11 | Nippon Denso Co | Keramische Glühkerze und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
US4876586A (en) * | 1987-12-21 | 1989-10-24 | Sangamo-Weston, Incorporated | Grooved Schottky barrier photodiode for infrared sensing |
FR2683022B1 (fr) | 1991-10-25 | 1997-07-18 | Gaz De France | Bruleur radiant a ecran ceramique. |
JPH10104067A (ja) * | 1996-09-27 | 1998-04-24 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | 二珪化モリブデン複合セラミックス赤外線光源もしくは発熱源 |
US5989013A (en) * | 1997-01-28 | 1999-11-23 | Alliedsignal Composites Inc. | Reverberatory screen for a radiant burner |
JP3411498B2 (ja) * | 1997-04-23 | 2003-06-03 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | セラミックヒータ、その製造方法、及びセラミックグロープラグ |
JP3657800B2 (ja) * | 1998-02-20 | 2005-06-08 | 株式会社リケン | 二珪化モリブデン系複合セラミックス発熱体及びその製造方法 |
DE19901145A1 (de) * | 1999-01-14 | 2000-07-20 | Krieger Gmbh & Co Kg | Als Flächenstrahler ausgebildeter Infrarot-Strahler |
WO2003006880A1 (fr) * | 2001-07-10 | 2003-01-23 | Sun Frontier Technology Co., Ltd | Procede et element bruleur permettant de bruler du gaz par un systeme de combustion gazeuse |
-
2003
- 2003-02-11 CA CA002475915A patent/CA2475915A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-02-11 WO PCT/DE2003/000387 patent/WO2003069224A1/de active Application Filing
- 2003-02-11 EP EP03709604A patent/EP1476697B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2004
- 2004-08-11 US US10/917,185 patent/US7038227B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO03069224A1 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3598000A1 (de) * | 2018-07-20 | 2020-01-22 | Solaronics S.A. | Gasbefeuerter strahlungsemitter mit einem strahlungsschirm |
WO2020016046A1 (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2020-01-23 | Solaronics S.A. | Gas fired radiant emitter comprising a radiant screen |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2475915A1 (en) | 2003-08-21 |
US20050017203A1 (en) | 2005-01-27 |
US7038227B2 (en) | 2006-05-02 |
WO2003069224A1 (de) | 2003-08-21 |
EP1476697B1 (de) | 2010-10-20 |
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