EP1474500A1 - Vergasung von abfällen durch plasma - Google Patents

Vergasung von abfällen durch plasma

Info

Publication number
EP1474500A1
EP1474500A1 EP03704111A EP03704111A EP1474500A1 EP 1474500 A1 EP1474500 A1 EP 1474500A1 EP 03704111 A EP03704111 A EP 03704111A EP 03704111 A EP03704111 A EP 03704111A EP 1474500 A1 EP1474500 A1 EP 1474500A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
waste
steam
carbon dioxide
plasma
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP03704111A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Félicien Absil
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from BE2002/0070A external-priority patent/BE1014965A4/fr
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1474500A1 publication Critical patent/EP1474500A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/0005—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes
    • C01B3/001—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes characterised by the uptaking medium; Treatment thereof
    • C01B3/0021—Carbon, e.g. active carbon, carbon nanotubes, fullerenes; Treatment thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/50—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/50—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
    • C01B3/56—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solids; Regeneration of used solids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B32/15—Nano-sized carbon materials
    • C01B32/158—Carbon nanotubes
    • C01B32/16—Preparation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/466—Entrained flow processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/485—Entrained flow gasifiers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
    • C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/08—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors
    • C10K1/10—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids
    • C10K1/101—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids with water only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/042—Purification by adsorption on solids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0465—Composition of the impurity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0465—Composition of the impurity
    • C01B2203/0475—Composition of the impurity the impurity being carbon dioxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/08—Methods of heating or cooling
    • C01B2203/0872—Methods of cooling
    • C01B2203/0883—Methods of cooling by indirect heat exchange
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/12—Electrodes present in the gasifier
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
    • C10J2200/158—Screws
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0903—Feed preparation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0903—Feed preparation
    • C10J2300/0909—Drying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0943—Coke
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0969—Carbon dioxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/12—Heating the gasifier
    • C10J2300/123—Heating the gasifier by electromagnetic waves, e.g. microwaves
    • C10J2300/1238—Heating the gasifier by electromagnetic waves, e.g. microwaves by plasma
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
    • C10J2300/164—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with conversion of synthesis gas
    • C10J2300/1643—Conversion of synthesis gas to energy
    • C10J2300/165—Conversion of synthesis gas to energy integrated with a gas turbine or gas motor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
    • C10J2300/164—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with conversion of synthesis gas
    • C10J2300/1656—Conversion of synthesis gas to chemicals
    • C10J2300/1665—Conversion of synthesis gas to chemicals to alcohols, e.g. methanol or ethanol
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
    • C10J2300/1671—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with the production of electricity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
    • C10J2300/1671—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with the production of electricity
    • C10J2300/1675—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with the production of electricity making use of a steam turbine
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
    • C10J2300/1687—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with steam generation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
    • C10J2300/1807—Recycle loops, e.g. gas, solids, heating medium, water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
    • C10J2300/1861—Heat exchange between at least two process streams
    • C10J2300/1884—Heat exchange between at least two process streams with one stream being synthesis gas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
    • C10J2300/1861—Heat exchange between at least two process streams
    • C10J2300/1892—Heat exchange between at least two process streams with one stream being water/steam
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P30/00—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry

Definitions

  • Waste pyrolysis can be done in two ways:
  • Plasma technology transforms electrical energy into heat energy and reaches temperatures that no other technology can produce.
  • the phenomenon is maintained by electrical conduction (electric arc) or magnetic induction.
  • This electric arc can be produced between consumable graphite electrodes as used in scrap foundry, it is then said to be of the "transferred arc” type because the current passes through the scrap and / or the conductive slag resulting from the fusion. Otherwise it says "arc not transferred or blown". It is known that following the high temperatures obtained in plasma medium the properties of the gases change.
  • the gas molecules dissociate and evolve towards an atomic state and that for a temperature above 2500 ° C, the molecules are completely dissociated and the atoms gradually lose their electron (s) (s) and are thus in the form of an ionized gas which has a high energy.
  • This energy can be applied among other things to heat, gasify, cause chemical reactions in and / or around the plasma thus created.
  • the plasma For a temperature below 2,000 ° C, the plasma returns to the normal molecular state. In addition, this plasma, compared to a normal gas, has good conductivity and high viscosity.
  • Rare gases such as argon (Ar), helium (He) etc ... can be used as plasma gas.
  • Nitrogen (N 2 ) is not to be considered in order to separate energy production and temperature control.
  • carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) as a plasma gas requires, in addition to a good degree of purity requiring appropriate treatment, to reach the atomic state of oxygen in order to be certain of having broken down everything carbon monoxide (CO) but care must be taken not to exceed the value of 890.5 Kj mole of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) in order to avoid sublimation of the carbon.
  • the temperature will be controlled by injection of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) by a means other than that of plasma.
  • Dredging mud offers very little interest. We will pay special attention to urban waste.
  • the general idea of the project consists of:
  • urban waste consists of:
  • FIG. 1 a sectional view of the whole of the reactor.
  • Figure 2 sectional view of the plasma torch.
  • the same references designate the same parts.
  • the installation shown in Figure 1 consists of a reactor 1 comprising a tank 2, a waste supply 3, via a screw 4 controlled by a motor 5.
  • This reactor 1 is provided at its base with a tank 2 intended to receive the slag 14 constituted by the non-gasifiable materials contained in urban waste 3 as well as the slag from electric furnace 11 which will constitute the slag for starting up the installation.
  • the level of the slag 14 which will see its volume increase during operation, will be kept constant by the presence of gargoyles 15. These gargoyles heated by induction will maintain a good fluidity of the slag 14 which at its outlet will be precipitated in the water where it will vitrify.
  • the slag tank 2 is surmounted by a number of plasma torches 6, this number being a function of the quantity of waste to be treated per hour.
  • the plasma torches 6 with electrodes or with induction are provided, as shown in FIG. 2, with a pipe 8 for injecting the plasma gas as well as a pipe 10 providing a ring of protective gas (CO2) which creates at the outlet from the plasma arc a slight depression favoring the stability of the latter while protecting the walls of the reactor from high plasma temperatures.
  • a pipe 8 for injecting the plasma gas as well as a pipe 10 providing a ring of protective gas (CO2) which creates at the outlet from the plasma arc a slight depression favoring the stability of the latter while protecting the walls of the reactor from high plasma temperatures.
  • CO2 protective gas
  • the plasma torches 6 can be supplied electrically at 9 by pulses phase-shifted in time or by a multiphase current. These power supplies mounted in a star with a common point make it possible to create a rotating field thus increasing the zone of influence of the plasma jet.
  • reactor 1 The upper part of reactor 1 is occupied by a heat exchanger 7 which will produce the steam intended for supplying the steam-turbine installation 21 and this steam, recovered from the condenser of said turbine will supply, in cogeneration, a dryer 17 making it possible to dry urban waste 3 and reduce their humidity rate from 40 to 10%.
  • This carbon dioxide (CO2) will be recovered at the outlet by separating it from the burnt gases instead of discharging them into the atmosphere, then it will be conditioned for future storage or future recovery.
  • the main problem of recovering carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) from effluents is its low concentration (4 to 14% depending on the technology) and its low partial pressure, requiring the treatment of large volumes of effluent.
  • the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the flue gases can be increased up to 90% if the air is replaced by pure oxygen. In this case, the recovery of CO2 is limited to a simple separation of the water vapor in a condenser.
  • the electrical energy is given up to 85% to carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) 8 which crosses the arc produced, which makes it possible to reach temperatures impossible to obtain by any other known method.
  • this applied electrical energy cannot in any case reach 1058 Kj / mole of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) in order to keep the carbon (C) in the solid state.
  • the steam leaving the dryer 17 will be returned to the coil of the heat exchanger 17 after cooling in a tower 23 in order to return it to the liquid state.
  • the gas 16 leaving the heat exchanger 7 at a temperature of 500K ,. it will pass through an installation 28 (for example NEUTREC process) for neutralizing acids by contact with sodium bicarbonate (2NaHCO 3 ) coming from silo 18 via an endless screw actuated by the motor 25, reduced to powder in the crusher 24 and then blown into the contact reactor 28.
  • the balance loaded with sodium products (sodium chloride, sodium sulfate and sodium carbonate) resulting from this contact will be collected, in a bag filter 19, before being valued as a raw material by the chemical industry.
  • This synthesis gas will be:
  • this synthesis gas composed, depending on the plasma gas chosen, of carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and hydrogen (H 2 ) must be enriched in carbon by injection of methane (CH t) from the methanisation of urban waste, before its introduction into the compressor of the gas-steam turbine where it will be burned in the presence of pure oxygen.
  • CO carbon monoxide
  • CO 2 carbon dioxide
  • H 2 hydrogen
  • the temperature of the synthesis gas 16 will be lowered to a second level more compatible with the presence of HC1 thanks to a second injection of CO2.
  • the synthesis gas 16 presents a sensible heat which, despite a part reserved for the removal of HC1 and H2S by the NEUTREC process, may in a Turbine-Steam installation 21, produce 500Kw per tonne of waste dried.
  • the expanded steam recovered from the condenser of the turbine 21, which still carries 64% of the sensible heat transformed into steam which supplied the turbine, will be able to dry the waste and bring its H2O content from 40 to 10%.
  • the synthesis gas After treatment with the NEUTREC process which has recovered the sodium products and heavy metals with a melting point above 150 ° C, the synthesis gas will be washed in order to lower its temperature to around 50 ° C and to condense meta heavy such as mercury e.g. still present and then allow separation of the gaseous components by permeation.
  • the washing water will be recovered, filtered by an adequate membrane, which when it is saturated will join the waste to be treated. After a few filtering operations, the heavy metal concentrations in the membrane will allow its recovery.
  • the components of the synthesis gas can be separated and recovered according to their molecular size and their solubility in the membrane in the order of their relative permeation speed, thus releasing H2O, then H2 followed by CO2, CO and finally N2.
  • C will constitute the nanotube, CO2 will be reinjected into CO2 and into unused CO to reconstitute the synthesis gas.
  • H2 or at least part of it will be recovered and stored in the nanotubes or in bottles.
  • the H2 not stored will join CO2, CO in the synthesis gas which will then be made up of CO2, CO, H2.
  • the gas thus reconstituted will be burned in a Turbine-Gas-Steam installation in the presence of O2pur obtained by air permeation.
  • the N2 resulting from the air treatment as well as the N2 extracted from the synthesis gas will be marketed.
  • temperatures compatible with the materials used in its construction to a 3rd injection of CO2 will be formed in the same synthesis gas prior to its admission to the compressor TGV, tandjgf.que, H2O is injected directly into the combustion chamber.
  • the thermal energy developed in the TGV which could produce 1.2KW per Kg of raw waste treated, can be partially transformed into electricity according to the desired goal:
  • the CO2 resulting from the actual combustion will be recovered for storage or recovery while the temperature-regulating CO2 will be reinjected into the combustion components.
  • Partial oxidation of natural gas is a process that brings together CH4 and a controlled amount of O2 in order to obtain CO.
  • This exothermic reaction eliminates the need for a burner and the heat released feeds the steam reforming reaction which is endothermic and takes place in two phases producing CO2 as seen above.
  • the autothermal reforming is a combination of the two previous ones since the fuel is mixed with air or better of PO2pur and H2O. After a delay of putting into service, the reformer goes into self-energizing operation. This is the process envisaged in automotive applications for on-board reforming. But like these predecessors, it produces CO2 and H2.
  • Coke oven gas generally consists of CO and H2 in a proportion of

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
EP03704111A 2002-02-06 2003-02-05 Vergasung von abfällen durch plasma Withdrawn EP1474500A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE2002/0070A BE1014965A4 (fr) 2001-11-07 2002-02-06 Dissociation moleculaire du co2 par plasma appliquee a la production d'electricite, de nanotubes, d'hydrogene et de methanol a partir du traitement des dechets urbains.
BE200200070 2002-02-06
PCT/BE2003/000016 WO2003066779A1 (fr) 2002-02-06 2003-02-05 Gazeification de dechets par plasma

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1474500A1 true EP1474500A1 (de) 2004-11-10

Family

ID=27671620

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03704111A Withdrawn EP1474500A1 (de) 2002-02-06 2003-02-05 Vergasung von abfällen durch plasma

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1474500A1 (de)
AU (1) AU2003206510A1 (de)
CA (1) CA2481412A1 (de)
WO (1) WO2003066779A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007017155A2 (en) * 2005-08-05 2007-02-15 Eastern Technologies-E.B.C.Bvba Liquid or liquid/gas stabilized plasma pyrolysis, gasification and vitrification of waste material
US20080305371A1 (en) * 2007-06-04 2008-12-11 William Hermann System and method for carbon neutral or carbon positive production and use of hydrogen gas
GR20090100112A (el) * 2009-02-25 2010-09-24 Διονυσιος Χοϊδας Διαταξη παραγωγης καυσιμων αεριων απο συνεργαζομενες μοναδες αεριοποιησης και ξηρανσης
AU2010320483A1 (en) 2009-11-20 2012-07-12 Cri Ehf Storage of intermittent renewable energy as fuel using carbon containing feedstock
CA2790202C (en) 2010-07-21 2016-04-05 Responsible Energy Inc. System and method for processing material to generate syngas using plurality of gas removal locations
US8945368B2 (en) 2012-01-23 2015-02-03 Battelle Memorial Institute Separation and/or sequestration apparatus and methods
WO2014067588A1 (en) 2012-11-05 2014-05-08 E-Mission Method for the generation of electric power from a chlorine-containing combustible stream
US9803150B2 (en) 2015-11-03 2017-10-31 Responsible Energy Inc. System and apparatus for processing material to generate syngas in a modular architecture
EP3653280A1 (de) * 2018-11-19 2020-05-20 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Abscheidung und verwendung von co2 aus der zementproduktion
CN111617713B (zh) * 2020-05-15 2022-03-11 浙江理工大学 一种利用二氧化碳和水合成甲醇的反应装置及利用二氧化碳和水合成甲醇的方法

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1177076B (it) * 1983-12-02 1987-08-26 Skf Steel Eng Ab Procedimento ed impianto per ridurre materiale ossidico generando simultaneamente un gas idoneo per il recupero dell'energia termica
SE453750B (sv) * 1984-06-14 1988-02-29 Skf Steel Eng Ab Sett for forgasning av finfordelat kolhaltigt material
GR1001615B (el) * 1993-06-04 1994-07-29 Viokat Anonymos Techniki & Vio Μέ?οδος αεριοποίησης στερεών καυσίμων χαμηλού ?ερμικού περιεχομένου με ωφέλιμη αξιοποίηση στην παραγωγή ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας χωρίς δημιουργία ρύπανσης περιβάλλοντος.
US5922090A (en) * 1994-03-10 1999-07-13 Ebara Corporation Method and apparatus for treating wastes by gasification
WO2001005910A1 (en) * 1999-07-19 2001-01-25 Nuova Meccanica S.R.L. Process and apparatus for producing combustible gas from carbonaceous waste

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO03066779A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2003066779A1 (fr) 2003-08-14
CA2481412A1 (fr) 2003-08-14
AU2003206510A1 (en) 2003-09-02

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP5227951B2 (ja) 複合されたガス化およびガラス化システム
US20100156104A1 (en) Thermal Reduction Gasification Process for Generating Hydrogen and Electricity
EP3027715B1 (de) Verfahren zum thermochemischer umzetzung von einem kohlenstoffhaltigen material in einem synthesegas, das hauptsächlich h2 und co enthält
CA2565936A1 (fr) Procede de production de gaz de synthese a partir de matiere carbonee et d'energie electrique
EP0153235A1 (de) Verfahren zur Produktion von Synthesegas
CA2453841A1 (fr) Procede et dispositif de production d'un gaz riche en hydrogene par pyrolyse thermique d'hydrocarbures
EP1474500A1 (de) Vergasung von abfällen durch plasma
FR2794128A1 (fr) Procede de gazeification autothermique de combustibles solides, installation pour la mise en oeuvre du procede et utilisation de l'installation
FR2493333A1 (fr) Appareil de gazeification du charbon utilisant de la poudre de charbon
JP2003147373A (ja) プラズマによる有機物のガス化方法
FR2587717A1 (fr) Procede de production d'un gaz epure contenant de l'oxyde de carbone et de l'hydrogene
FR2578263A1 (fr) Procede et dispositif pour la gazeification de combustibles fossiles et le reformage d'un combustible gazeux.
FR2488751A1 (fr) Procede pour produire de l'electricite avec un gazeifieur de charbon endothermique et un generateur magnetohydrodynamique
WO2008113944A2 (fr) Production d'hydrogene par dissociation de l'eau en presence de sno en utilisant le couple sno2/sno dans une suite de reactions thermochimiques
FR2955865A1 (fr) Procede de recyclage du dioxyde de carbone (co2)
FR2792927A1 (fr) Procede pour la production d'hydrogene a partir d'un gaz issu d'une unite de traitement de dechets
FR2966472A1 (fr) Procede integre de production d'electricite et d'hydrogene avec captage et stockage du dioxyde de carbone
BE1014965A4 (fr) Dissociation moleculaire du co2 par plasma appliquee a la production d'electricite, de nanotubes, d'hydrogene et de methanol a partir du traitement des dechets urbains.
EP4123766A1 (de) Verfahren zum betreiben eines brennstoffzellensystems mit kohlendioxid-rückgewinnung und entsprechende anlage
BE1014956A6 (fr) La dissociation moleculaire du co2 par plasma appliquee a la production d'energie de carburant et au traitement des dechets urbains.
FR2917399A1 (fr) Procede et systeme de traitement d'effluents gazeux pour produire independamment h2 et co
BE1001620A3 (fr) Methode de production de gaz pour la fourniture d'energie.
FR2792926A1 (fr) Procede pour la production d'un gaz de synthese a debit regule dans une unite de traitement de dechets
JP2005325322A (ja) 還元ガス化木質バイオマス系のエネルギー回収法
FR2491490A1 (fr) Procede de transformation thermique des combustibles solides

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20040907

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE SI SK TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: AL LT LV MK RO

R17P Request for examination filed (corrected)

Effective date: 20040903

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 20100901