EP1464762B1 - Pneumatic excavation pipe for collecting soil and suction excavator with such an excavation tube - Google Patents

Pneumatic excavation pipe for collecting soil and suction excavator with such an excavation tube Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1464762B1
EP1464762B1 EP20040006314 EP04006314A EP1464762B1 EP 1464762 B1 EP1464762 B1 EP 1464762B1 EP 20040006314 EP20040006314 EP 20040006314 EP 04006314 A EP04006314 A EP 04006314A EP 1464762 B1 EP1464762 B1 EP 1464762B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
crown
suction
extraction pipe
soil
air
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP20040006314
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1464762A1 (en
Inventor
Alfons Braun
Rolf Walther
Frank Walther
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Priority claimed from DE10320238A external-priority patent/DE10320238A1/en
Priority claimed from DE20308282U external-priority patent/DE20308282U1/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1464762A1 publication Critical patent/EP1464762A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1464762B1 publication Critical patent/EP1464762B1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/88—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements acting by a sucking or forcing effect, e.g. suction dredgers
    • E02F3/90—Component parts, e.g. arrangement or adaptation of pumps
    • E02F3/92—Digging elements, e.g. suction heads
    • E02F3/9256—Active suction heads; Suction heads with cutting elements, i.e. the cutting elements are mounted within the housing of the suction head
    • E02F3/9262—Active suction heads; Suction heads with cutting elements, i.e. the cutting elements are mounted within the housing of the suction head with jets

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pneumatic suction tube for pneumatic pickup of soil by the Dünnstromclar, for suction devices such as suction dredger when generating a suction air stream, arranged at the bottom, directed to the earth end of the suction tube crown, wherein at the upper end of the suction tube, a suction hose is connected, and the suction pipe above the crown has slots for the flow of air, bypassing the lower crown opening in function of a bypass to ensure a laminar flow in the suction tube, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention relates to a suction dredge according to the preamble of claim 8 and the use of such a suction tube according to claim 9.
  • suction dredgers When working on buried supply systems and for producing the same so-called pneumatic suction dredgers are used for the excavation of the soil, which operate on the Dünnstrom compiler, that is, the conveyed masses in relation to the transport medium air quantitatively low, with a fast-flowing air flow to transport the soil is used.
  • suction dredgers have at their sucking end a suction pipe or a suction tube, which at the bottom, the ground end has a crown which is serrated and is driven with a predetermined pressure, at least under the weight of the suction tube, for each suction into the ground.
  • blow lances are known, which supplied with compressed air by a compressor installed on the suction dredge.
  • a second person who precedes the suction dredger, operates such a lance and loosens the soil in front of the suction pipe, so that when using such a lance next to the excavator operator a second person must be used.
  • a pneumatic breaking tool for suction dredger has become known, which is tailored to the physical conditions of a suction dredger and is integrated with the suction nozzle of the suction dredger.
  • air lance batteries run as a pneumatic release device, wherein a plurality of air lances, which are coupled via a pressure distributor, are mounted on the suction nozzle of the suction dredge, wherein the air lance are arranged either inside or outside, but preferably are arranged inside.
  • the air lances have downwardly directed to the ground nozzles, which lie within the suction crown and above the lower end thereof and are protected by the outer suction crown.
  • the air lances are controlled via a compressed air distributor in a clocked manner, so that either a constant or a pulsed air flow is generated, which emerges at high speed from the air nozzles.
  • the disadvantage of this arrangement is that, in order to achieve at least a reasonably satisfactory loosening effect of the soil, a high energy of the air flow at high speed is required, the speed of the air flow with leaving the nozzle increases in the supersonic range. For this purpose, high pressures and high velocities of the air streams are necessary. If the ground is very hard, the crown rises to the ground. The nozzles are then too far away from the soil to be sucked, so that the effect of the nozzle goes to zero, that is, the blowing power is ineffective despite supersonic. In addition, due to the air flows of the air lances, air turbulences occur within the suction pipe, which results in an energy loss of the suction power.
  • Another disadvantage of the prior art is that these turbulences within the suction pipe material deposits in the suction pipe As a result, the suction power drops significantly.
  • Another disadvantage is that the suction flow counteracts the blowing flow and thus at least partially eliminates it in its effect.
  • a device with a pneumatic suction tube which is connected to a leading into a sludge tank suction hose, and a water supply tank, a water pump and a vacuum pump using water and vacuum suction to dissolve soil by means of pressurized water jets from the ground and a hole form and to mix the mixed with water and air soil by means of the vacuum pump in the sump.
  • the suction tube has a crown disposed at its lower end with a central opening and nozzles within the crown opening, through which the water jets can be directed under pressure to the ground.
  • the suction tube has at its lower end and above the crown opening arranged slots for the inflow of air, bypassing the lower crown opening in function of a bypass.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a pneumatic suction tube of the type mentioned, which has no air turbulence within the suction tube during the extraction of soil and so avoids high turbulence associated with air turbulence is avoided.
  • the advantage of the invention is that the slots can be closed and opened and their length and width are adjustable, so that the amount of air flowing in via the bypass can be adapted to specific circumstances.
  • the suction pipe when sucking soil on no air turbulence, so that a high energy consumption associated with it is avoided. But due to the bypass, because of the same peripherally around the suction around directly above the crown air is sucked from the side of the suction tube, the resulting air flow within the suction tube is laminar. As a result, there are no material settlements within the suction tube.
  • the slots may extend peripherally around the suction tube, the length of the slots being significantly greater than the width of the slots, preferably in a length to width ratio such as 5: 1 to 20: 1.
  • FIGS. 1 . 2 and 3 show a side view of a patent according to the example of a suction tube 3 for a suction device, in particular a (not shown) suction dredger, with a suction tube 24 at the top of the suction tube 3 and a arranged at the bottom of the suction tube 3 serrated crown 11.
  • a compressed air pipe 10 for supplying compressed air into an air ring tube 2, which is arranged annularly around the suction tube 3 in the region of the crown 11 and serves as a compressed air reservoir.
  • the tailpipes 1 project the crown 11 downwards towards the ground, preferably by a few centimeters up to 25 cm, depending on the density of the soil.
  • the pointed tubes 1, which each have an outermost tip 33 for driving into the ground, have an outlet opening 32 for the compressed air above the tip 33.
  • the normal of the plane of the outlet opening 32 is directed radially to the central axis 30 of the suction tube 3 and is perpendicular to this, so that the emerging from each tip tube 1 compressed air flow is also directed in the direction of the normal radial to the central axis 30 of the suction tube 3.
  • the spiked tubes 1 which indeed project beyond the crown 11 down to the ground, driven upon impact of the suction tube 3 and thus the crown 11 on the ground in the soil, so that the outlet opening 32 of the tailpipes. 1 for the compressed air below the soil surface in the ground is located.
  • the compressed air stream When connecting the compressed air stream the same is injected below the crown 11 parallel to a cross-sectional plane of the crown 11 within the soil in the soil, whereby a core of about the size or smaller of the clear cross section of the crown 11 is pushed up and peeled off, which is sucked through the suction pipe 3.
  • the diameter of the exit opening 31 of the tailpipes 1 is preferably smaller than the diameter of the inlet opening 32, which results in an increase in the speed of the exiting air, which improves the ability to loosen the earth.
  • the angle a of the tip 33 of the pointed tube 1 is preferably 30 °, as is the FIG. 3 can be seen, so that the Spitzrohre 1 are well suited to penetrate into the soil.
  • FIG. 2 shows an enlargement from the FIG. 1 for the detailed representation of the upper part of the suction tube 3 and the holder thereof.
  • a connection ring 4 is fixedly placed on the upper end of a bellows 27, for example a rubber hose 27, is placed, which in turn comprises an upper part 5 in the form of a connecting sleeve 5 with its upper end; the bellows 27 is connected by means of hose clamps 16 at both ends firmly with the connection ring 4 and the connection sleeve 5; from the connection sleeve 5, the suction hose 24 leads to the suction dredger.
  • the compressed air pipe 10 is welded from the outside to the suction pipe 3.
  • FIG. 4 shows a vertical to the central axis 30 of the suction tube 3 section through the suction tube 3 in the region of the lower end thereof above the Beerringrohres 2, namely along the section line AA in FIG. 3 ,
  • the ports 23 for the tailpipes 1 are evenly distributed on the air ring tube and the arc length between two terminals corresponds to an angle of 120 ° and the access 29 of the compressed air tube 10 is located in the middle between two terminals 23rd
  • FIGS. 5 and 5a show on the one hand a view from below of the air ring tube 2 without suction tube perpendicular to the central axis of the same with the representation of one of the connection openings 23 within the Heilringrohres 2 at distant spigot, which are inserted into the connection openings 23 and on the other hand, a cross section in a horizontal plane of the Heilringrohres 2 of FIG. 5 , with access 29 of the air pressure pipe 10 in the air ring tube 2 and one of the connection openings 23 for one of the tailpipes. It is also apparent that the air ring tube 2 has no inner wall. This is not necessary because the air ring tube 2 is welded to the crown 11 and at the lower end of the suction tube 3.
  • a guide is arranged, which serves to allow a predetermined relative movement of the connecting sleeve 5 and connecting ring 4 in the direction of the common center axis 30.
  • the guide preferably consists of three upper guide sleeves 7, for example in the form of perforated ears 7, which are arranged on the connecting sleeve 5 and three lower guide sleeves or sockets 19, for example GAR-MAX sockets or also in the form of perforated Ears 19, which are arranged on the connection ring 4.
  • the guide sleeves 7, 19 are opposite in the vertical direction along their coincident center axes.
  • the guide sleeves 7, 19 at equidistant intervals peripherally around connection sleeve 5 and Connection ring 4 arranged around.
  • a guide shaft 6 is inserted in each case, which is anchored in each case in the upper guide sleeves 7.
  • a nut 39 is screwed.
  • the compression spring 39 presses on the one hand in its rest position, the connecting sleeve 5 and the connecting ring 4 far enough apart that the nut 39 abuts against the underside of the lower guide sleeve 19; On the other hand, the compressed compression spring 39 provides the maximum distance by which the guide shaft 6 can be compressed. Or on the guide shaft 6, a spacer sleeve 8 is placed, which is shorter by a distance "s" than the maximum distance from the connection sleeve 5 and connection ring 4 from each other, so that the length of the spacer sleeve 8 defines the relative stroke between the connection sleeve 5 and connection ring 4.
  • a contact device 25 is arranged below one of the screwed onto the lower end of the guide shafts 6 nut 39.
  • the contact device 25 is then addressed by the downwardly projecting guide shaft 6 and outputs a control signal when the guide shaft 6 moves due to relative movement between the connection sleeve 5 and connection ring 4 down from the guide sleeve 19 during operation of the device while the mother 39, the contact device 25 triggers.
  • FIG. 6 shows a top view of the top FIG. 1 , With omission of the suction hose, in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the suction tube on the upper part thereof, with a compressed air valve 28 with an integrated pressure sensor for supplying the compressed air pipe 10, the ears 7 for the guide shafts 6 of the suction tube 3, whereby screws 18 can be seen , which pass through the ears 7 and the guide shafts 6 for holding the guide shafts 6 in the ears 7. Likewise, closures 26 can be seen for attaching the suction tube 3 to the suction hose leading to the suction hose 24. Die FIG. 7 shows the compressed air pipe 10 and the compressed air valve 28 from the view Y in FIG.
  • the placement of the suction tube 3 with the tailpipes 1 on the ground causes a relative movement between the suction tube 3 and the upper part 5, namely a compression of the two parts 3 and 5 by the free distance s of the spacer sleeve 8 from the underside of the upper guide sleeve 7th the guide shaft 6 moves out of the guide 19 by this distance s until the nut 39 strikes the contact device 25 and triggers it.
  • the signal of the contact device 25 controls the compressed air valve 28, which thereby opens, so that compressed air is forced through the compressed air pipe 10 into the air ring tube 2 and from there out of the tailpipes 1 into the soil.
  • the nut 39 is released again from the contact device due to the spring force of the compression spring 39, it falls off and the compressed-air valve 28 is closed.
  • the compressed air streams are preferably pressed into the soil in pulsed fashion with a predefinable and controllable or controllable pulse frequency.
  • the compressed air valve 28 has a pressure sensor, which measures the instantaneous pressure within the compressed air pipe 10. In hard soil, so if the compressed air flow within the soil encounters an increased resistance and thus the pressure rises, the pulse frequency of the compressed air flow is increased and vice versa lowered.
  • the suction tube 3 has in the region of its lower end directly above the crown 11 slots 14, which serve for supplying outside air into the suction tube 3, bypassing the opening of the crown 11, during the suction a laminar flow on the inner wall of the suction tube. 3 to create to keep them clean. by virtue of this laminar flow does not lead to material deposits within the suction tube due to air turbulence; These are effectively suppressed by the bypass flow.
  • FIG. 8 shows a plan view of the upper part 4, the connecting ring 4, the suction tube 3 with the ears 19 for the passage of the guide shafts 6.
  • the ears 19 are arranged for the guide shafts 6 at equal intervals and welded to the connection ring 4.
  • FIG. 9 shows a side view of a lower part 34 of the suction tube 3 without crown 11; the suction tube 3 can be composed of several parts.
  • the cylindrical portion 34 has at its lower end within its edge cutouts 35, preferably three such cutouts 35 are distributed at equidistant intervals around the peripheral circumference of the part 34, which is apparent from the FIG. 10 is apparent.
  • the cut-outs 35 extend in a cross-sectional plane of the part 34.
  • This air intake slots 14 provide a laminar flow within the suction tube 3 and form the opening of the crown 11 a bypass for the suction air.
  • this laminar flow prevents turbulence in the suction tube 3, as it equally effectively prevents the deposition of soil within the suction tube, so that the suction tube 3 can be kept clean by this simple measure. This in turn has the consequence that the suction power does not decrease because no turbulence and turbulence in the suction tube 3 are present.
  • FIG. 10 shows a cross section through the lower part 34 of the suction tube 3 perpendicular to the central axis 30 of the suction tube to illustrate the position of the air intake slots fourteenth
  • FIG. 12 shows a side view of one of the three guide shafts 6 with a partial section for guiding the connection ring 4 of the suction tube 3 to the connection sleeve 5 for holding the upwardly outgoing suction hose 24.
  • the object of the invention is suitable for use as a pneumatic suction tube for receiving soil.
  • the object of the invention is suitable for use as a pneumatic suction tube in suction dredgers.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)

Description

Technisches Gebiet:Technical area:

Die Erfindung betrifft ein pneumatisches Absaugrohr zum pneumatischen Aufnehmen von Erdreich nach dem Dünnstromverfahren, für Saugvorrichtungen wie Saugbagger bei Erzeugung eines Saugluftstromes, mit einer am unteren, zum Erdreich gerichteten Ende des Absaugrohres angeordneten Krone, wobei an das obere Ende des Absaugrohres ein Saugschlauch anschließbar ist, und das Absaugrohr oberhalb der Krone Schlitze aufweist zum Einströmen von Luft unter Umgehung der unteren Kronenöffnung in Funktion eines Bypasses zur Sicherstellung einer laminaren Strömung im Absaugrohr, gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a pneumatic suction tube for pneumatic pickup of soil by the Dünnstromverfahren, for suction devices such as suction dredger when generating a suction air stream, arranged at the bottom, directed to the earth end of the suction tube crown, wherein at the upper end of the suction tube, a suction hose is connected, and the suction pipe above the crown has slots for the flow of air, bypassing the lower crown opening in function of a bypass to ensure a laminar flow in the suction tube, according to the preamble of claim 1.

zum pneumatischen Aufnehmen von Erdreich nach dem Dünnstromverfahren, für Saugvorrichtungen wie Saugbagger bei Erzeugung eines Saugluftstromes, mit einer am unteren, zum Erdreich gerichteten Ende angeordneten Krone, wobei an das obere Ende des Absaugrohres ein Saugschlauch anschließbar ist, gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. Des Weiteren betrifft die Erfindung einen Saugbagger gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 8 sowie die Verwendung eines derartigen Absaugrohres gemäß dem Anspruch 9.for pneumatically picking up soil by the thin-flow method, for suction devices such as suction dredger when generating a suction air stream, with a arranged at the bottom, to the ground end crown, to the upper end of the suction tube, a suction hose is connected, according to the preamble of claim 1. Des Furthermore, the invention relates to a suction dredge according to the preamble of claim 8 and the use of such a suction tube according to claim 9.

Stand der Technik:State of the art:

Bei Arbeiten an erdverlegten Versorgungssystemen sowie zur Herstellung derselben werden für den Aushub des Erdreichs sogenannte pneumatische Saugbagger eingesetzt, welche nach dem Dünnstromverfahren arbeiten, dass heißt, die geförderte Massen sind im Verhältnis zum Transportmedium Luft mengenmäßig gering, wobei ein schnell fließender Luftstrom zum Transport des Erdreichs benutzt wird. Derartige Saugbagger besitzen an ihrem saugenden Ende einen Saugrüssel oder ein Absaugrohr, welches am unteren, den Erdreich zugewandten Ende eine Krone aufweist, welche gezackt ist und mit einem vorgegebenen Druck, zumindest unter dem Eigengewicht des Absaugrohres, für jeden Saugvorgang in das Erdreich getrieben wird.When working on buried supply systems and for producing the same so-called pneumatic suction dredgers are used for the excavation of the soil, which operate on the Dünnstromverfahren, that is, the conveyed masses in relation to the transport medium air quantitatively low, with a fast-flowing air flow to transport the soil is used. Such suction dredgers have at their sucking end a suction pipe or a suction tube, which at the bottom, the ground end has a crown which is serrated and is driven with a predetermined pressure, at least under the weight of the suction tube, for each suction into the ground.

Bei festen Böden, ist ein Auflockern des Erdreichs notwendig, um überhaupt eine ausreichende Saugleistung zu erzielen. Hierzu sind Blaslanzen bekannt, welche von einem auf dem Saugbagger installierten Kompressor mit Druckluft versorgt werden. Eine zweite Person, die dem Saugbagger vorangeht, bedient eine derartige Blaslanze und lockert den Boden dem Absaugrohr vorgehend auf, so dass beim Einsatz einer derartigen Blaslanze neben dem Baggerführer eine zweite Person eingesetzt werden muss.For solid soils, a loosening of the soil is necessary to even achieve a sufficient suction power. For this purpose, blow lances are known, which supplied with compressed air by a compressor installed on the suction dredge. A second person, who precedes the suction dredger, operates such a lance and loosens the soil in front of the suction pipe, so that when using such a lance next to the excavator operator a second person must be used.

Zur weiteren Automatisierung dieses Vorgangs ist durch die DE 29902561 U1 ein pneumatisches Aufbruchwerkzeug für Saugbagger bekannt geworden, welches auf die physikalischen Gegebenheiten eines Saugbaggers zugeschnitten ist und am Saugstutzen des Saugbaggers integriert ist.To further automate this process is through the DE 29902561 U1 a pneumatic breaking tool for suction dredger has become known, which is tailored to the physical conditions of a suction dredger and is integrated with the suction nozzle of the suction dredger.

Dazu verlaufen innerhalb des Absaugrohres Luftlanzenbatterien als pneumatische Lösevorrichtung, wobei mehrere Luftlanzen, welche über einen Druckverteiler gekoppelt sind, am Saugstutzen des Saugbaggers montiert sind, wobei die Luftlanze wahlweise innen oder außen angeordnet sind, vorzugsweise jedoch innen angeordnet sind. Die Luftlanzen weisen nach unten zum Erdreich gerichtete Düsen auf, welche innerhalb der Saugkrone und oberhalb des unteren Endes derselben liegen und durch die außenliegende Saugkrone geschützt sind. Die Luftlanzen werden über einen Druckluftverteiler in getakteter Weise angesteuert, so dass entweder ein konstanter oder auch ein gepulster Luftstrom erzeugt wird, der mit hoher Geschwindigkeit aus den Luftdüsen austritt. Der Nachteil dieser Anordnung besteht darin, dass, um eine wenigstens einigermaßen befriedigende Lockerungswirkung des Erdreichs zu erreichen, eine hohe Energie des Luftstromes mit hoher Geschwindigkeit benötigt wird, wobei die Geschwindigkeit des Luftstromes mit Verlassen der Düse sich in den Überschallbereich steigert. Hierzu sind hohe Drücke und hohe Geschwindigkeiten der Luftströme notwendig. Ist der Boden sehr hart, stellt sich die Krone auf das Erdreich auf. Die Düsen sind dann zu weit von dem zu saugenden Erdreich entfernt, so dass die Wirkung der Düsen gegen Null geht, dass heißt, die Blasleistung ist trotz Überschall wirkungslos. Zusätzlich treten durch die Luftströme der Luftlanzen Luftverwirbelungen innerhalb des Saugrohres auf, was einen Energieverlust der Saugleistung zur Folge hat. Ein weiterer Nachteil beim Stand der Technik besteht darin, dass diese Verwirbelungen innerhalb des Absaugrohres Materialablagerungen im Absaugrohr zur Folge hat, wodurch die Saugleistung entscheidend absinkt. Ein weiterer Nachteil besteht darin, dass der Saugstrom dem Blasstrom entgegenwirkt und ihn somit in seiner Wirkung wenigstens teilweise aufhebt.For this purpose, inside the suction tube air lance batteries run as a pneumatic release device, wherein a plurality of air lances, which are coupled via a pressure distributor, are mounted on the suction nozzle of the suction dredge, wherein the air lance are arranged either inside or outside, but preferably are arranged inside. The air lances have downwardly directed to the ground nozzles, which lie within the suction crown and above the lower end thereof and are protected by the outer suction crown. The air lances are controlled via a compressed air distributor in a clocked manner, so that either a constant or a pulsed air flow is generated, which emerges at high speed from the air nozzles. The disadvantage of this arrangement is that, in order to achieve at least a reasonably satisfactory loosening effect of the soil, a high energy of the air flow at high speed is required, the speed of the air flow with leaving the nozzle increases in the supersonic range. For this purpose, high pressures and high velocities of the air streams are necessary. If the ground is very hard, the crown rises to the ground. The nozzles are then too far away from the soil to be sucked, so that the effect of the nozzle goes to zero, that is, the blowing power is ineffective despite supersonic. In addition, due to the air flows of the air lances, air turbulences occur within the suction pipe, which results in an energy loss of the suction power. Another disadvantage of the prior art is that these turbulences within the suction pipe material deposits in the suction pipe As a result, the suction power drops significantly. Another disadvantage is that the suction flow counteracts the blowing flow and thus at least partially eliminates it in its effect.

Durch die US-B1-6470605 ist eine Vorrichtung mit einem pneumatischen Absaugrohr bekannt geworden, welches mit einem in einen Schlammsammelbehälter führenden Saugschlauch verbunden ist, sowie einen Wasserversorgungsbehälter, eine Wasserpumpe und eine Vakuumpumpe aufweist unter Verwendung von Wasser und Vakuumabsaugen, um Erdreich mittels Druckwasserstrahlen aus dem Erdboden zu lösen und ein Loch auszubilden und das mit Wasser und Luft vermischte Erdreich mittels der Vakuumpumpe in den Sammelbehälter zu pumpen. Hierzu besitzt das Absaugrohr eine an seinem unteren Ende angeordnete Krone mit einer zentrischen Öffnung sowie Düsen innerhalb der Kronenöffnung, durch welche die Wasserstrahlen unter Druck auf den Boden gerichtet werden können. Des Weiteren weist das Absaugrohr an seinem unteren Ende und oberhalb der Kronenöffnung angeordnete Schlitze auf zum Einströmen von Luft unter Umgehung der unteren Kronenöffnung in Funktion eines Bypasses.By the US-B1-6470605 a device with a pneumatic suction tube is known, which is connected to a leading into a sludge tank suction hose, and a water supply tank, a water pump and a vacuum pump using water and vacuum suction to dissolve soil by means of pressurized water jets from the ground and a hole form and to mix the mixed with water and air soil by means of the vacuum pump in the sump. For this purpose, the suction tube has a crown disposed at its lower end with a central opening and nozzles within the crown opening, through which the water jets can be directed under pressure to the ground. Furthermore, the suction tube has at its lower end and above the crown opening arranged slots for the inflow of air, bypassing the lower crown opening in function of a bypass.

Technische Aufgabe:Technical task:

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein pneumatisches Absaugrohr der eingangs genannten Gattung zu schaffen, welches innerhalb des Absaugrohres beim Absaugen von Erdreich keine Luftverwirbelungen aufweist und so ein mit Luftverwirbelungen verbundener hoher Energieverbrauch vermieden wird.The invention has for its object to provide a pneumatic suction tube of the type mentioned, which has no air turbulence within the suction tube during the extraction of soil and so avoids high turbulence associated with air turbulence is avoided.

Offenbarung der Erfindung und deren Vorteile:Disclosure of the invention and its advantages:

Die Lösung der Aufgabe besteht bei einem pneumatischen Absaugrohr der genannten Gattung darin, dass die Schlitze verschließbar und öffenbar sowie in ihrer Länge und Breite verstellbar sind. Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet.The solution of the problem consists in a pneumatic suction tube of the type mentioned is that the slots are lockable and openable and adjustable in length and width. Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are characterized in the subclaims.

Der Vorteil der Erfindung besteht darin, die Schlitze verschließbar und öffenbar sowie in ihrer Länge und Breite verstellbar sind, womit die über den Bypass einströmende Luftmenge spezifischen Gegebenheiten angepasst werden kann.The advantage of the invention is that the slots can be closed and opened and their length and width are adjustable, so that the amount of air flowing in via the bypass can be adapted to specific circumstances.

Vorteilhaft weist das Absaugrohr beim Absaugen von Erdreich keine Luftverwirbelungen auf, so dass ein damit verbundener hoher Energieverbrauch vermieden wird. Sondern aufgrund des Bypasses, aufgrund desselben peripher um das Absaugrohr herum direkt oberhalb der Krone Luft von seitlich des Absaugrohres angesaugt wird, ist die resultierende Luftströmung innerhalb des Absaugrohres laminar. Dadurch gibt es keine Materialabsetzungen innerhalb des Absaugrohres.Advantageously, the suction pipe when sucking soil on no air turbulence, so that a high energy consumption associated with it is avoided. But due to the bypass, because of the same peripherally around the suction around directly above the crown air is sucked from the side of the suction tube, the resulting air flow within the suction tube is laminar. As a result, there are no material settlements within the suction tube.

Somit weist das Absaugrohr oberhalb der Krone Schlitze auf zum Einströmen von Luft unter Umgehung der Kronenöffnung in Funktion eines Bypasses zur Sicherstellung einer laminaren Strömung im Absaugrohr. Die Schlitze können sich peripher um das Absaugrohr herum erstrecken, wobei die Länge der Schlitze erheblich größer als die Breite der Schlitze ist, vorzugsweise in einem Verhältnis von Länge zu Breite wie 5:1 bis 20:1.Thus, the suction tube above the crown slots on the inflow of air, bypassing the crown opening in function of a bypass to ensure a laminar flow in the suction tube. The slots may extend peripherally around the suction tube, the length of the slots being significantly greater than the width of the slots, preferably in a length to width ratio such as 5: 1 to 20: 1.

Kurzbezeichnung der Zeichnung, in der zeigen:

Figur 1
eine Seitenansicht eines Absaugrohres eines Saugbaggers mit einem am oberen Ende angeordneten Saugschlauch und einer am unteren Ende des Absaugrohres angeordneten gezackten Krone, mit einem Druckluftrohr zum Zuführen von Druckluft und mit einem Luftringrohr, welches um das Absaugrohr herum angeordnet ist und aus dem Spitzrohre über das Druckluftohr mit Druckluft versorgt werden, um das Erdreich zu lockern, sowie mit Schlitzen innerhalb des Absaugrohres zur Zufuhr von Luft von außerhalb in das Saugrohr in Form eines Bypasses unter Umgehung der Krone
Figur 2
eine Vergrößerung aus der Figur 1 zur Darstellung der Anschlusshülse für den nach oben abgehenden Saugschlauch, des Anschlussringes für das Absaugrohr und des zwischen beiden angeordneten Verbindungsbalges sowie des innerhalb des Anschlussringes sitzenden Absaugrohrs
Figur 3
eine teilweise geschnittene und gegenüber der Figur 1 vergrößerte Seitenansicht des unteren Teiles des Absaugrohrs mit Druckluftrohr, Luftringrohr, der Krone sowie einem an dem Luftringrohr angeordneten Spitzrohr
Figur 4
einen zur Längsachse des Absaugrohres senkrechten Schnitt durch das Absaugrohr im Bereich des unteren Endes desselben oberhalb des Luftringrohres zur Draufsicht auf das Luftringrohr, mit im Schnitt dargestellten Zugang des Druckluftrohres in das Luftringrohr und den angedeuteten, nach unten weisende Anschlüssen der Spitzrohre an das Luftringrohr, nämlich entlang der Schnittlinie A-A in Figur 3
Figur 5
eine Ansicht von unten auf das Luftringrohr ohne Absaugrohr senkrecht zur Mittelachse desselben mit der Darstellung der Anschlüsse der im Schnitt gezeigten Spitzrohre
Figur 5a
einen Querschnitt in einer waagrechten Ebene des Luftringrohres der Figur 5, mit dem Zugang des Luftdruckrohres und einem Anschluss für ein Spitzrohr
Figur 6
eine Draufsicht auf die Figur 1 in Richtung der Längsachse des Absaugrohres auf den oberen Teil desselben unter Weglassung des Saugschlauches, mit einem Ventil zur Versorgung des Druckluftrohres, den Ohren für die Führungswellen des Absaugrohres und den Verschlüssen zum Befestigen des Absaugrohres an den zum Saugbagger führenden Saugschlauch
Figur 7
das Druckluftrohr geführt an der Außenwand des Absaugrohres mit Ventil in der Ansicht Y der Figur 3
Figur 8
eine Draufsicht auf das Oberteil 4, Anschlussring 4, des Absaugrohres mit den Ohren für die Führungswellen
Figur 9
eine Seitenansicht des mittleren Teils des Absaugrohres, mit Ausschnitten am unteren Ende des die Krone tragenden Absaugrohres sowie mit Luftansaugschlitzen für die von außen in das Absaugrohr strömende Luft in Form eines Bypasses unter Umgehung der Krone
Figur 10
einen Querschnitt durch den mittleren Teils des Absaugrohres senkrecht zu seiner Längsachse zur Darstellung der Lage der Luftansaugschlitze
Figuren 11,
11a, 11b verschiedene Seitenansichten und eine Draufsicht auf das Ventil am oberen Ende des Luftdruckrohres zur Steuerung der Druckluft innerhalb des Luftringrohres und
Figur 12
eine Seitenansicht einer der drei Führungswellen zur Führung des Anschlussringes des Absaugrohres an der Anschlusshülse des nach oben abgehenden Saugschlauches.
Short name of the drawing, in which show:
FIG. 1
a side view of a suction tube of a suction dredger with a suction hose arranged at the top and a serrated crown arranged at the lower end of the suction tube, with a compressed air pipe for supplying compressed air and with a Luftringrohr, which is arranged around the suction tube and out of the tailpipes via the compressed air pipe be supplied with compressed air to loosen the soil, and with slots in the suction pipe for supplying air from outside into the suction pipe in the form of a bypass, bypassing the crown
FIG. 2
a magnification from the FIG. 1 to illustrate the connection sleeve for the upwardly outgoing suction hose, the connection ring for the suction tube and the connecting bellows arranged between the two as well as the suction tube located inside the connection ring
FIG. 3
a partially cut and opposite to the FIG. 1 enlarged side view of the lower part of the suction tube with compressed air tube, air ring tube, the crown and a arranged on the Luftringrohr spike
FIG. 4
a section perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the suction tube through the suction tube in the region of the lower end of the same above the Luftringrohres for top view of the Luftringrohr, shown in section with access of the compressed air tube in the air ring tube and the indicated, downwardly pointing connections of the tailpipes to the air ring tube, namely along the section line AA in FIG. 3
FIG. 5
a bottom view of the air tube without suction tube perpendicular to the central axis of the same with the representation of the connections of the pointed tubes shown in section
FIG. 5a
a cross section in a horizontal plane of the Luftringrohres the FIG. 5 , with the access of the air pressure tube and a connection for a pointed tube
FIG. 6
a top view of the FIG. 1 in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the suction tube on the upper part of the same with omission of the suction hose, with a valve for supplying the compressed air pipe, the ears for the guide shafts of the suction tube and the closures for attaching the suction tube to the Saugbagger leading suction hose
FIG. 7
the compressed air pipe guided on the outer wall of the suction pipe with valve in the view Y of FIG. 3
FIG. 8
a plan view of the upper part 4, connecting ring 4, the suction tube with the ears for the guide shafts
FIG. 9
a side view of the central part of the suction tube, with cutouts at the lower end of the crown-carrying suction tube and with air intake slots for the air flowing from the outside into the suction pipe in the form of a bypass, bypassing the crown
FIG. 10
a cross section through the central part of the suction tube perpendicular to its longitudinal axis to illustrate the position of the air intake slots
FIGS. 11,
11a, 11b different side views and a plan view of the valve at the upper end of the air pressure pipe for controlling the compressed air within the Luftringrohres and
FIG. 12
a side view of one of the three guide shafts for guiding the connecting ring of the suction tube to the connecting sleeve of the upwardly outgoing suction hose.

Bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung:Preferred embodiment of the invention:

Die Figuren 1, 2 und 3 zeigen eine Seitenansicht eines patentgemäßen Beispiels eines Absaugrohres 3 für eine Saugvorrichtung, insbesondere einen (nicht gezeigten) Saugbagger, mit einem am oberen Ende vom Absaugrohr 3 abgehenden Saugschlauch 24 und einer am unteren Ende des Absaugrohres 3 angeordneten gezackten Krone 11. Auf dem äußeren Mantel des Absaugrohres 3 längs einer Mantellinie verläuft nach unten zur Krone 11 ein Druckluftrohr 10 zum Zuführen von Druckluft in ein Luftringrohr 2, welches ringförmig um das Absaugrohr 3 herum im Bereich der Krone 11 angeordnet ist und als Druckluftspeicher dient. An dem Luftringrohr 2 sind senkrecht nach unten parallel zur Mittelachse 30 des Absaugrohres 3 verlaufend Spitzrohre 1 angeordnet, vorzugsweise drei oder mehr, dessen Rohrinneres über eine Eintrittsöffnung 31 mit dem Volumen des Luftringrohres 2 in Verbindung steht.The FIGS. 1 . 2 and 3 show a side view of a patent according to the example of a suction tube 3 for a suction device, in particular a (not shown) suction dredger, with a suction tube 24 at the top of the suction tube 3 and a arranged at the bottom of the suction tube 3 serrated crown 11. On the outer jacket of the Extraction tube 3 along a surface line extends down to the crown 11, a compressed air pipe 10 for supplying compressed air into an air ring tube 2, which is arranged annularly around the suction tube 3 in the region of the crown 11 and serves as a compressed air reservoir. Arranged on the air ring tube 2 perpendicularly downwards, parallel to the central axis 30 of the suction tube 3, are pointed tubes 1, preferably three or more, the inside of the tube of which is connected to the volume of the air ring tube 2 via an inlet opening 31.

Die Spitzrohre 1 überragen die Krone 11 nach unten in Richtung zum Erdreich, und zwar vorzugsweise um wenige Zentimeter bis zu 25 cm, in zu wählender Abhängigkeit von der Dichte des Erdreichs. Die Spitzrohre 1, welche je eine äußerste Spitze 33 zum Einrammen in das Erdreich aufweisen, besitzen oberhalb der Spitze 33 eine Austrittsöffnung 32 für die Druckluft. Die Normale der Ebene der Austrittsöffnung 32 ist radial zur Mittelachse 30 des Absaugrohres 3 gerichtet und steht auf dieser senkrecht, so dass der aus jedem Spitzrohr 1 austretende Druckluftstrom ebenfalls in Richtung der Normale radial zur Mittelachse 30 des Absaugrohres 3 gerichtet ist.The tailpipes 1 project the crown 11 downwards towards the ground, preferably by a few centimeters up to 25 cm, depending on the density of the soil. The pointed tubes 1, which each have an outermost tip 33 for driving into the ground, have an outlet opening 32 for the compressed air above the tip 33. The normal of the plane of the outlet opening 32 is directed radially to the central axis 30 of the suction tube 3 and is perpendicular to this, so that the emerging from each tip tube 1 compressed air flow is also directed in the direction of the normal radial to the central axis 30 of the suction tube 3.

In prinzipieller Funktion der Vorrichtung beim Betrieb werden die Spitzrohre 1, welche ja die Krone 11 nach unten zum Erdreich hin überragen, beim Aufprall des Absaugrohres 3 und damit der Krone 11 auf dem Boden in das Erdreich getrieben, so dass die Austrittsöffnung 32 der Spitzrohre 1 für die Druckluft unterhalb der Bodenoberfläche im Erdreich sich befindet. Beim Zuschalten des Druckluftstromes wird derselbe unterhalb der Krone 11 parallel zu einer Querschnittsebene der Krone 11 innerhalb des Erdreichs in dasselbe eingeblasen, wodurch ein Erdkern von in etwa der Größe oder kleiner des lichten Querschnitts der Krone 11 hochgedrückt und abgelöst wird, welcher durch das Absaugrohr 3 abgesaugt wird.In principle, the operation of the device during operation, the spiked tubes 1, which indeed project beyond the crown 11 down to the ground, driven upon impact of the suction tube 3 and thus the crown 11 on the ground in the soil, so that the outlet opening 32 of the tailpipes. 1 for the compressed air below the soil surface in the ground is located. When connecting the compressed air stream the same is injected below the crown 11 parallel to a cross-sectional plane of the crown 11 within the soil in the soil, whereby a core of about the size or smaller of the clear cross section of the crown 11 is pushed up and peeled off, which is sucked through the suction pipe 3.

Durch die Tatsache, dass die Druckluft im Boden austritt, wird eine erheblich geringere Energiemenge und ein geringerer Luftmassestrom als beim Stand der Technik benötigt. Des Weiteren verhindert das Einschießen der Druckluft innerhalb des Bodens die Entstehung von Wirbel und Verwirbelungen innerhalb des Absaugrohres, was einen Verlust an Saugleistung bedeutet, so dass in der Krone 11 eine höhere Saugleistung zur Verfügung steht. Dabei hat sich gezeigt, dass nur drei Spitzrohre bzw. drei Druckluftströme innerhalb des Erdreichs notwendig sind, um einen Erdkern sicher abzulösen.Due to the fact that the compressed air exits in the ground, a considerably smaller amount of energy and a lower mass air flow is required than in the prior art. Furthermore, the injection of compressed air within the soil prevents the formation of vortex and turbulence within the suction tube, which means a loss of suction power, so that in the crown 11, a higher suction power is available. It has been shown that only three spiked pipes or three compressed air streams within the soil are necessary to safely detach a core.

Der Durchmesser der Austrittsöffnung 31 der Spitzrohre 1 ist bevorzugt kleiner als der Durchmesser der Eintrittsöffnung 32, was eine Vergrößerung der Geschwindigkeit der austretenden Luft zur Folge hat, wodurch die Fähigkeit zur Lockerung der Erde verbessert wird. Der Winkel a der Spitze 33 des Spitzrohres 1 beträgt vorzugsweise 30°, wie es der Figur 3 zu entnehmen ist, so dass die Spitzrohre 1 gut geeignet sind, um in das Erdreich einzudringen.The diameter of the exit opening 31 of the tailpipes 1 is preferably smaller than the diameter of the inlet opening 32, which results in an increase in the speed of the exiting air, which improves the ability to loosen the earth. The angle a of the tip 33 of the pointed tube 1 is preferably 30 °, as is the FIG. 3 can be seen, so that the Spitzrohre 1 are well suited to penetrate into the soil.

Figur 2 zeigt eine Vergrößerung aus der Figur 1 zur detaillierten Darstellung des oberen Teils des Absaugrohres 3 sowie der Halterung desselben. Auf das Absaugrohr 3 ist ein Anschlussring 4 fest aufgesetzt, auf dessen oberes Ende ein Balg 27, zum Beispiel ein Gummischlauch 27, aufgesetzt ist, welcher seinerseits mit seinem oberen Ende ein Oberteil 5 in Form einer Anschlusshülse 5 umfasst; der Balg 27 ist mittels Schlauchschellen 16 beidendig fest mit dem Anschlussring 4 und der Anschlusshülse 5 verbunden; von der Anschlusshülse 5 führt der Saugschlauch 24 zum Saugbagger. Das Druckluftrohr 10 ist von außen am Absaugrohr 3 angeschweißt. FIG. 2 shows an enlargement from the FIG. 1 for the detailed representation of the upper part of the suction tube 3 and the holder thereof. On the suction pipe 3, a connection ring 4 is fixedly placed on the upper end of a bellows 27, for example a rubber hose 27, is placed, which in turn comprises an upper part 5 in the form of a connecting sleeve 5 with its upper end; the bellows 27 is connected by means of hose clamps 16 at both ends firmly with the connection ring 4 and the connection sleeve 5; from the connection sleeve 5, the suction hose 24 leads to the suction dredger. The compressed air pipe 10 is welded from the outside to the suction pipe 3.

Figur 4 zeigt einen zur Mittelachse 30 des Absaugrohres 3 senkrechten Schnitt durch das Absaugrohr 3 im Bereich des unteren Endes desselben oberhalb des Luftringrohres 2, nämlich entlang der Schnittlinie A-A in Figur 3, zur Draufsicht auf das Luftringrohr 2, mit im Schnitt dargestellten Zugang 29 des Druckluftrohres 10 in das Luftringrohr 2. Ebenso sind daraus die gestrichelt angedeuteten, nach unten weisenden Anschlüsse 23 der Spitzrohre 1 an das Luftringrohr 2 zu entnehmen. Es sind somit der Zugang 29 des Druckluftrohres 3 sowie die Anschlüsse 23 für die Spitzrohre 1 ersichtlich. Die Anschlüsse 23 für die Spitzrohre 1 sind gleichmäßig auf den Luftringrohr verteilt und die Bogenlänge zwischen zwei Anschlüssen entspricht einem Winkel von 120° und der Zugang 29 des Druckluftrohres 10 liegt in der Mitte zwischen zwei Anschlüsse 23. FIG. 4 shows a vertical to the central axis 30 of the suction tube 3 section through the suction tube 3 in the region of the lower end thereof above the Luftringrohres 2, namely along the section line AA in FIG. 3 , To the top view of the air ring tube 2, shown in section with the access 29 of the compressed air pipe 10 in the air ring tube 2. Likewise, the dashed lines indicated, pointing down ports 23 of the tailpipes 1 to the air ring tube 2. There are thus the access 29 of the compressed air pipe 3 and the connections 23 for the tailpipes 1 can be seen. The ports 23 for the tailpipes 1 are evenly distributed on the air ring tube and the arc length between two terminals corresponds to an angle of 120 ° and the access 29 of the compressed air tube 10 is located in the middle between two terminals 23rd

Die Figuren 5 und 5a zeigen einerseits eine Ansicht von unten auf das Luftringrohr 2 ohne Absaugrohr senkrecht zur Mittelachse desselben mit der Darstellung einer der Anschlussöffnungen 23 innerhalb des Luftringrohres 2 bei entfernten Spitzrohren, welche in die Anschlussöffnungen 23 gesteckt werden und andererseits einen Querschnitt in einer waagrechten Ebene des Luftringrohres 2 der Figur 5, mit Zugang 29 des Luftdruckrohres 10 in das Luftringrohr 2 und einer der Anschlussöffnungen 23 für eines der Spitzrohre. Ersichtlich ist auch, dass das Luftringrohr 2 keine Innenwand hat. Diese ist nicht nötig, weil das Luftringrohr 2 an der Krone 11 bzw. am unteren Ende des Absaugrohr 3 angeschweißt ist.The FIGS. 5 and 5a show on the one hand a view from below of the air ring tube 2 without suction tube perpendicular to the central axis of the same with the representation of one of the connection openings 23 within the Luftringrohres 2 at distant spigot, which are inserted into the connection openings 23 and on the other hand, a cross section in a horizontal plane of the Luftringrohres 2 of FIG. 5 , with access 29 of the air pressure pipe 10 in the air ring tube 2 and one of the connection openings 23 for one of the tailpipes. It is also apparent that the air ring tube 2 has no inner wall. This is not necessary because the air ring tube 2 is welded to the crown 11 and at the lower end of the suction tube 3.

Sowohl an der Anschlusshülse 5 als auch am Anschlussring 4 ist eine Führung angeordnet, welche dazu dient, eine vorgegebenen Relativbewegung von Anschlusshülse 5 und Anschlussring 4 in Richtung von deren gemeinsamer Mittelachse 30 zu ermöglichen. Die Führung besteht vorzugsweise jeweils aus drei oberen Führungshülsen 7, zum Beispiel in Form von gelochten Ohren 7, welche an der Anschlusshülse 5 angeordnet sind sowie aus drei unteren Führungshülsen oder -buchsen 19, zum Beispiel GAR-MAX-Buchsen oder ebenfalls in Form von gelochten Ohren 19, welche an dem Anschlussring 4 angeordnet sind. Die Führungshülsen 7, 19 stehen sich in senkrechter Richtung längs ihrer zusammenfallenden Mittelachsen gegenüber. Vorzugsweise sind die Führungshülsen 7, 19 in äquidistanten Abständen peripher um Anschlusshülse 5 und Anschlussring 4 herum angeordnet. Durch die sich gegenüberliegenden Führungshülsen 7, 19 ist je eine Führungswelle 6 gesteckt, welche jeweils in den oberen Führungshülsen 7 verankert ist. Auf das untere Ende der Führungswelle 6, welches jeweils aus der unteren Führungshülse 19 herausragt und welches ein Gewinde aufweist, ist eine Mutter 39 aufgeschraubt. Zwischen den oberen und unteren Führungshülsen 7, 19 ist je eine Druckfeder 39 oder ein Gummipuffer angeordnet. Die Druckfeder 39 drückt einerseits in ihrer Ruhestellung die Anschlusshülse 5 und den Anschlussring 4 soweit auseinander, dass die Mutter 39 an der Unterseite der unteren Führungshülse 19 anschlägt; andererseits gibt die zusammengepresste Druckfeder 39 den maximalen Weg vor, um den die Führungswelle 6 zusammengepresst werden kann. Oder auf der Führungswelle 6 ist eine Distanzhülse 8 aufgesetzt, welche um eine Strecke "s" kürzer ist als der maximale Abstand von Anschlusshülse 5 und Anschlussring 4 voneinander, so dass die Länge der Distanzhülse 8 den relativen Hub zwischen Anschlusshülse 5 und Anschlussring 4 vorgibt.Both on the connecting sleeve 5 and on the connecting ring 4, a guide is arranged, which serves to allow a predetermined relative movement of the connecting sleeve 5 and connecting ring 4 in the direction of the common center axis 30. The guide preferably consists of three upper guide sleeves 7, for example in the form of perforated ears 7, which are arranged on the connecting sleeve 5 and three lower guide sleeves or sockets 19, for example GAR-MAX sockets or also in the form of perforated Ears 19, which are arranged on the connection ring 4. The guide sleeves 7, 19 are opposite in the vertical direction along their coincident center axes. Preferably, the guide sleeves 7, 19 at equidistant intervals peripherally around connection sleeve 5 and Connection ring 4 arranged around. Through the opposite guide sleeves 7, 19, a guide shaft 6 is inserted in each case, which is anchored in each case in the upper guide sleeves 7. On the lower end of the guide shaft 6, which protrudes respectively from the lower guide sleeve 19 and which has a thread, a nut 39 is screwed. Between the upper and lower guide sleeves 7, 19 each have a compression spring 39 or a rubber buffer is arranged. The compression spring 39 presses on the one hand in its rest position, the connecting sleeve 5 and the connecting ring 4 far enough apart that the nut 39 abuts against the underside of the lower guide sleeve 19; On the other hand, the compressed compression spring 39 provides the maximum distance by which the guide shaft 6 can be compressed. Or on the guide shaft 6, a spacer sleeve 8 is placed, which is shorter by a distance "s" than the maximum distance from the connection sleeve 5 and connection ring 4 from each other, so that the length of the spacer sleeve 8 defines the relative stroke between the connection sleeve 5 and connection ring 4.

Unterhalb einer der auf das untere Ende einer der Führungswellen 6 aufgeschraubten Mutter 39 ist eine Kontakteinrichtung 25 angeordnet. Die Kontakteinrichtung 25 wird dann durch die nach unten stoßende Führungswelle 6 angesprochen und gibt ein Steuersignal ab, wenn während des Arbeitens der Vorrichtung die Führungswelle 6 aufgrund Relativbewegung zwischen Anschlusshülse 5 und Anschlussring 4 nach unten aus der Führungshülse 19 fährt und dabei die Mutter 39 die Kontakteinrichtung 25 auslöst.Below one of the screwed onto the lower end of the guide shafts 6 nut 39, a contact device 25 is arranged. The contact device 25 is then addressed by the downwardly projecting guide shaft 6 and outputs a control signal when the guide shaft 6 moves due to relative movement between the connection sleeve 5 and connection ring 4 down from the guide sleeve 19 during operation of the device while the mother 39, the contact device 25 triggers.

Die Figur 6 zeigt eine Draufsicht von oben auf die Figur 1, unter Weglassung des Saugschlauches, in Richtung der Längsachse des Absaugrohres auf den oberen Teil desselben, mit einem Druckluftventil 28 mit einem integrierten Drucksensor zur Versorgung des Druckluftrohres 10, den Ohren 7 für die Führungswellen 6 des Absaugrohres 3, wobei auch Schrauben 18 zu sehen sind, welche die Ohren 7 und die Führungswellen 6 durchsetzen zur Halterung der Führungswellen 6 in den Ohren 7. Ebenso sind Verschlüsse 26 erkennbar zum Befestigen des Absaugrohres 3 an den zum Saugbagger führenden Saugschlauch 24. Die Figur 7 zeigt das Druckluftrohr 10 sowie das Druckluftventil 28 aus der Ansicht Y in Figur 6, wobei das Absaugrohr 3 an der äußeren Mantelwand des Absaugrohres 3 nach unten zur Krone 11 und dem Luftringrohres 2 geführt ist. Ersichtlich sind aus dieser Figur auch ein Teil des Anschlussringes 4 des Absaugrohres 3 sowie eine Schnellkupplung 21 zum Anschluss des Druckluftrohres 10 bzw. des Druckluftventils 28 an eine externe Druckluftzuführung, eine Schraube 22, ein Spannteil 13 und eine Unterlage 12 für die Befestigung des Druckluftventils 28.The FIG. 6 shows a top view of the top FIG. 1 , With omission of the suction hose, in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the suction tube on the upper part thereof, with a compressed air valve 28 with an integrated pressure sensor for supplying the compressed air pipe 10, the ears 7 for the guide shafts 6 of the suction tube 3, whereby screws 18 can be seen , which pass through the ears 7 and the guide shafts 6 for holding the guide shafts 6 in the ears 7. Likewise, closures 26 can be seen for attaching the suction tube 3 to the suction hose leading to the suction hose 24. Die FIG. 7 shows the compressed air pipe 10 and the compressed air valve 28 from the view Y in FIG. 6 , wherein the suction tube 3 is guided on the outer jacket wall of the suction tube 3 down to the crown 11 and the Luftringrohres 2. A part of the connecting ring 4 of the suction tube 3 and a quick coupling 21 for connecting the compressed air tube 10 and the compressed air valve 28 to an external compressed air supply, a screw 22, a clamping part 13 and a base 12 for the attachment of the compressed air valve 28 are apparent from this figure ,

Das Aufsetzen des Absaugrohres 3 mit den Spitzrohren 1 auf dem Erdreich bewirkt eine Relativbewegung zwischen dem Absaugrohr 3 und dem Oberteil 5 und zwar ein Zusammenpressen der beiden Teile 3 und 5 um den freien Abstand s der Distanzhülse 8 von der Unterseite der oberen Führungshülse 7. Dadurch fährt die Führungswelle 6 um diesen Abstand s aus der Führung 19 heraus, bis die Mutter 39 auf die Kontakteinrichtung 25 auftrifft und diese auslöst. Das Signal der Kontakteinrichtung 25 steuert das Druckluftventil 28 an, das dadurch öffnet, so dass Druckluft durch das Druckluftrohr 10 in das Luftringrohr 2 und von dort aus den Spitzrohren 1 in das Erdreich gepresst wird. Sobald die Mutter 39 sich aufgrund der Federkraft der Druckfeder 39 wieder von der Kontakteinrichtung löst, fällt dieselbe ab und das Druckluftventil 28 wird geschlossen.The placement of the suction tube 3 with the tailpipes 1 on the ground causes a relative movement between the suction tube 3 and the upper part 5, namely a compression of the two parts 3 and 5 by the free distance s of the spacer sleeve 8 from the underside of the upper guide sleeve 7th the guide shaft 6 moves out of the guide 19 by this distance s until the nut 39 strikes the contact device 25 and triggers it. The signal of the contact device 25 controls the compressed air valve 28, which thereby opens, so that compressed air is forced through the compressed air pipe 10 into the air ring tube 2 and from there out of the tailpipes 1 into the soil. As soon as the nut 39 is released again from the contact device due to the spring force of the compression spring 39, it falls off and the compressed-air valve 28 is closed.

Die Druckluftströme werden vorzugsweise pulsförmig mit einer vorgebbaren und steuerbaren bzw. regelbaren Pulsfrequenz in das Erdreich gepresst. Dazu besitzt das Druckluftventil 28 einen Drucksensor, welcher den momentanen Druck innerhalb des Druckluftrohres 10 misst. Bei hartem Erdreich, wenn also der Druckluftstrom innerhalb des Erdreichs auf einen erhöhten Widerstand trifft und dadurch der Druck ansteigt, wird die Pulsfrequenz des Druckluftstromes erhöht und umgekehrt erniedrigt.The compressed air streams are preferably pressed into the soil in pulsed fashion with a predefinable and controllable or controllable pulse frequency. For this purpose, the compressed air valve 28 has a pressure sensor, which measures the instantaneous pressure within the compressed air pipe 10. In hard soil, so if the compressed air flow within the soil encounters an increased resistance and thus the pressure rises, the pulse frequency of the compressed air flow is increased and vice versa lowered.

Aus den Figuren 1, 9 und 10 ist eine weitere Besonderheit der Vorrichtung zu entnehmen. Das Absaugrohr 3 weist im Bereich seines unteren Endes direkt oberhalb der Krone 11 Schlitze 14 auf, welche zur Zuführung von Außenluft in das Absaugrohr 3 unter Umgehung der Öffnung der Krone 11 dienen, um während des Saugvorgangs eine laminare Strömung an der inneren Wand des Absaugrohres 3 zu erzeugen, um diese dadurch sauber zu halten. Aufgrund dieser laminaren Strömung kommt es nicht zu Materialablagerungen innerhalb des Absaugrohres durch Luftverwirbelungen; diese werden durch die Bypassströmung wirkungsvoll unterdrückt.From the FIGS. 1 . 9 and 10 is another feature of the device can be seen. The suction tube 3 has in the region of its lower end directly above the crown 11 slots 14, which serve for supplying outside air into the suction tube 3, bypassing the opening of the crown 11, during the suction a laminar flow on the inner wall of the suction tube. 3 to create to keep them clean. by virtue of this laminar flow does not lead to material deposits within the suction tube due to air turbulence; These are effectively suppressed by the bypass flow.

Die Figur 8 zeigt eine Draufsicht auf das Oberteil 4, der Anschlussring 4, des Absaugrohres 3 mit den Ohren 19 für den Durchgang der Führungswellen 6. Ersichtlich sind die Ohren 19 für die Führungswellen 6 in gleichen Abständen angeordnet und am Anschlussring 4 angeschweißt.The FIG. 8 shows a plan view of the upper part 4, the connecting ring 4, the suction tube 3 with the ears 19 for the passage of the guide shafts 6. As can be seen, the ears 19 are arranged for the guide shafts 6 at equal intervals and welded to the connection ring 4.

Figur 9 zeigt eine Seitenansicht eines unteren Teils 34 des Absaugrohres 3 ohne Krone 11; das Absaugrohr 3 kann sich aus mehreren Teilen zusammensetzen. Das zylinderförmige Teil 34 weist an seinem unteren Ende innerhalb seines Randes Ausschnitte 35 auf, wobei vorzugsweise drei derartige Ausschnitte 35 in äquidistanten Abständen um den peripheren Umfang des Teils 34 verteilt sind, was aus der Figur 10 ersichtlich ist. Die Ausschnitte 35 verlaufen in einer Querschnittsebene des Teils 34. Beim Aufschweißen der Krone 11 auf das untere Teil 34 kann durch ein mehr oder weniger tiefes Aufsetzen der Krone 11 auf den unteren Teil die Höhe der verbleibenden Luftansaugschlitze 14 gemäß der Figur 1 vorgewählt werden. Diese Luftansaugschlitze 14 sorgen für eine laminare Strömung innerhalb des Absaugrohres 3 und bilden zur Öffnung der Krone 11 einen Bypass für die Saugluft. Diese laminare Strömung verhindert zum einen Turbulenzen im Absaugrohr 3 wie es gleichermaßen die Ablagerung von Erdreich innerhalb des Absaugrohres wirkungsvoll verhindert, so dass durch diese einfache Maßnahme das Absaugrohr 3 sauber gehalten werden kann. Das wiederum hat zur Folge, dass die Saugleistung nicht abnimmt, weil keine Verwirbelungen und Turbulenzen im Absaugrohr 3 vorhanden sind. FIG. 9 shows a side view of a lower part 34 of the suction tube 3 without crown 11; the suction tube 3 can be composed of several parts. The cylindrical portion 34 has at its lower end within its edge cutouts 35, preferably three such cutouts 35 are distributed at equidistant intervals around the peripheral circumference of the part 34, which is apparent from the FIG. 10 is apparent. The cut-outs 35 extend in a cross-sectional plane of the part 34. When welding the crown 11 to the lower part 34 can by a more or less deep placement of the crown 11 on the lower part, the height of the remaining Luftansaugschlitze 14 according to the FIG. 1 be selected. This air intake slots 14 provide a laminar flow within the suction tube 3 and form the opening of the crown 11 a bypass for the suction air. On the one hand, this laminar flow prevents turbulence in the suction tube 3, as it equally effectively prevents the deposition of soil within the suction tube, so that the suction tube 3 can be kept clean by this simple measure. This in turn has the consequence that the suction power does not decrease because no turbulence and turbulence in the suction tube 3 are present.

Figur 10 zeigt einen Querschnitt durch den unteren Teil 34 des Absaugrohres 3 senkrecht zur Mittelachse 30 des Absaugrohres zur Darstellung der Lage der Luftansaugschlitze 14. FIG. 10 shows a cross section through the lower part 34 of the suction tube 3 perpendicular to the central axis 30 of the suction tube to illustrate the position of the air intake slots fourteenth

In den Figuren 11, 11a und 11b sind verschiedene Seitenansichten und eine Draufsicht auf die Befestigungsunterlage 35 des Luftdruckventils 28 gezeigt.In the Figures 11, 11a and 11b Several side views and a plan view of the mounting pad 35 of the air pressure valve 28 are shown.

Figur 12 zeigt eine Seitenansicht einer der drei Führungswellen 6 mit einem Teilschnitt zur Führung des Anschlussringes 4 des Absaugrohres 3 an der Anschlusshülse 5 zur Halterung des nach oben abgehenden Saugschlauches 24. Ersichtlich innerhalb des Teilschnittes sind die Querbohrung 37 für den Durchgang der Schraube 18 zur Halterung der Welle 6 innerhalb des Ohres 7. Ebenso ersichtlich ist aus der Figur 12 das untere Ende 38 der Führungswelle 6, welche durch das Ohr 7 der Anschlusshülse 5 geht und mit der Schraube 18 gehalten wird. FIG. 12 shows a side view of one of the three guide shafts 6 with a partial section for guiding the connection ring 4 of the suction tube 3 to the connection sleeve 5 for holding the upwardly outgoing suction hose 24. As can be seen within the partial section, the transverse bore 37 for the passage of the screw 18 for supporting the shaft 6 within the ear 7. Also evident from the FIG. 12 the lower end 38 of the guide shaft 6, which passes through the ear 7 of the connecting sleeve 5 and is held with the screw 18.

Gewerbliche Anwendbarkeit:Industrial Applicability:

Der Gegenstand der Erfindung ist zum Einsatz als pneumatisches Absaugrohr zum Aufnehmen von Erdreich geeignet. Insbesondere ist der Gegenstand der Erfindung zum Einsatz als pneumatisches Absaugrohr in Saugbaggern geeignet.The object of the invention is suitable for use as a pneumatic suction tube for receiving soil. In particular, the object of the invention is suitable for use as a pneumatic suction tube in suction dredgers.

Liste der Bezugszeichen:List of reference numbers:

11
SpitzrohrSpitz tube
22
LuftringrohrAir ring pipe
33
Absaugrohrsuction tube
44
AnschlussringAttachment ring
55
Anschlusshülseconnecting sleeve
66
Führungswelleguide shaft
77
Ohrear
88th
DistanzhülseStand Off
99
Sonderscheibespecial disc
1010
DruckluftrohrPneumatic tubes
1111
KroneCrown
1212
Unterlagedocument
1313
Spannteiltensioning part
1414
Schlitzeslots
1515
Zylinderschraubecylinder head screw
1616
Schlauchschellehose clamp
1717
Muttermother
1818
Schraubescrew
1919
Buchse, wie GAR-MAX-BuchseSocket, like GAR-MAX socket
2020
SechskantmutterHex nut
2121
Schnellkupplungquick coupling
2222
Schraubescrew
2323
Anschlüsse für die SpitzrohreConnections for the pointed pipes
2424
Saugschlauchsuction
2525
Kontakteinrichtungcontactor
2626
exzentrischer Verschlusseccentric closure
2727
Gummischlauchrubber tube
2828
DruckluftventilAir Valve
2929
Zugang des Luftdruckrohres zum LuftringrohrAccess of the air pressure tube to the air ring tube
3030
Mittelachse des AbsaugrohresCenter axis of the suction tube
3131
Eintrittsöffnung der Druckluft in das SpitzrohrInlet opening of the compressed air into the spigot
3232
Austrittsöffnung der Druckluft aus dem SpitzrohrOutlet opening of the compressed air from the spigot
3333
Spitze des SpitzrohresTip of the pointed tube
3434
unterer Teil des Absaugrohreslower part of the suction tube
3535
Ausschnitt am unteren Teil des AbsaugrohresCutout at the bottom of the suction tube
3636
Befestigungsunterlage des LuftventilsMounting pad of the air valve
3737
Querbohrungcross hole
3838
unteres Ende der Führungswellelower end of the guide shaft
3939
Druckfedercompression spring

Claims (7)

  1. A pneumatic extraction pipe (3) for pneumatically picking up soil according to the thin-stream method, for suction devices such as suction dredges, generating a suction air stream, having a crown (11) arranged at the lower end of the extraction pipe facing the soil, whereby a suction tube (24) can be connected to the upper end of the extraction pipe (3), and the extraction pipe (3) has slits (14) above the crown (11) for air intake that avoids the lower crown opening, thus functioning as a bypass for ensuring a laminar flow in the extraction pipe (3),
    characterized in that,
    the slits (14) can be opened and closed and their length and their width can be adjusted.
  2. The extraction pipe according to Claim 1, characterized in that
    the extraction pipe (3) is made up of several parts and consists essentially of the crown (11), a middle piece (34) and a following connection ring, and the slits (14) are located between the crown (11) and the middle piece (34).
  3. The extraction pipe according to Claim 2, characterized in that
    the lower end of the middle piece (34) of the extraction pipe (3) has cutouts (35) that serve to configure the slits (14) when the middle piece (34) is connected to the crown (11).
  4. The extraction pipe according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
    the extraction pipe (3) has an air feed device (10) for compressed air to the crown (11), generating a compressed air stream that loosens up the soil in the area of the crown (11), and the air feed device (10) has at least one tapered pipe (1) which extends beyond the crown (11) downwards in the direction parallel to the middle axis (30) of the extraction pipe (3) for purposes of penetrating into the soil and blowing a compressed air stream into the soil below the crown (11) parallel to a cross sectional plane of said crown (11), and said air feed device (10) being suitable for pushing up and separating a soil core that is approximately the size of or smaller than the clearance cross section of the crown (11) and for extracting the soil core through the extraction pipe (3).
  5. The extraction pipe according to Claim 4, characterized in that
    the air feed device (10) comprises several tapered pipes (1) that are distributed peripherally around the crown (11) and that extend beyond the crown (11) downwards in the direction parallel to the middle axis (30) of the extraction pipe (3) and that, in the area of their lower ends, they each have an outlet opening for the compressed air that is arranged in the cross sectional plane of the crown (11) and that is oriented radially inwards towards the middle axis (30).
  6. The extraction pipe according to Claim 1, characterized in that
    the slits (14) extend peripherally around the extraction pipe (3), whereby the length of the slits is considerably greater than the width of the slits, preferably at a ratio of length to width of 5:1 to 20:1.
  7. The use of a pneumatic extraction pipe (3) according to Claim 1, for use in suction dredges or suction devices for pneumatically picking up soil according to the thin-stream method while generating a suction air stream.
EP20040006314 2003-04-03 2004-03-17 Pneumatic excavation pipe for collecting soil and suction excavator with such an excavation tube Expired - Lifetime EP1464762B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10315335 2003-04-03
DE10315335 2003-04-03
DE10318720 2003-04-25
DE10318720 2003-04-25
DE10320238 2003-05-07
DE10320238A DE10320238A1 (en) 2003-04-03 2003-05-07 Process for the pneumatic picking up of soil for suction devices and suction pipe therefor
DE20308282U 2003-05-25
DE20308282U DE20308282U1 (en) 2003-04-03 2003-05-25 Pneumatic suction pipe for taking up soil and suction excavator with such a suction pipe

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1464762A1 EP1464762A1 (en) 2004-10-06
EP1464762B1 true EP1464762B1 (en) 2009-12-02

Family

ID=32854352

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20040006314 Expired - Lifetime EP1464762B1 (en) 2003-04-03 2004-03-17 Pneumatic excavation pipe for collecting soil and suction excavator with such an excavation tube

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Country Link
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Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009052833A1 (en) 2009-11-13 2011-05-19 Alfons Braun Suction device for a suction dredger for picking up and separating sump material, such as soil or sludge, and suction dredger equipped therewith
DE202010009489U1 (en) 2010-06-24 2011-10-13 Alfons Braun Suction dredger with hydrosuction pipe
FR3006276B1 (en) * 2013-06-03 2016-08-19 Soc Nat Des Chemins De Fer Francais Sncf RAILWAY EQUIPMENT SUITABLE FOR REALIZING CIVIL ENGINEERING WORK
CN111188376A (en) * 2020-03-11 2020-05-22 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 Reservoir silt cleaning device

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS58222228A (en) * 1982-06-17 1983-12-23 Hakko Co Ltd Vacuum discharger of soil and sand
DE3837670A1 (en) * 1988-11-05 1990-05-10 Vmb Vesta Maschbau Gmbh & Co SUCTION EXCAVATOR
JPH0720771B2 (en) * 1988-11-30 1995-03-08 エーザイ株式会社 Pneumatic transportation device for powder
DE19645472A1 (en) * 1996-10-26 1998-04-30 I S I S Ingenieur Seminar Fuer Method to form stable excavation in soil and unconsolidated ground
DE29902561U1 (en) * 1999-02-12 1999-05-06 Reschwitzer Saugbagger Produktions GmbH, 07318 Saalfeld Air lance battery
US6470605B1 (en) * 1999-11-16 2002-10-29 John William Gilman Earth reduction tool

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
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