EP1460881A2 - Magnetic system of an acoustic transducer - Google Patents

Magnetic system of an acoustic transducer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1460881A2
EP1460881A2 EP04450043A EP04450043A EP1460881A2 EP 1460881 A2 EP1460881 A2 EP 1460881A2 EP 04450043 A EP04450043 A EP 04450043A EP 04450043 A EP04450043 A EP 04450043A EP 1460881 A2 EP1460881 A2 EP 1460881A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
housing
pole plate
transducer
deep
thickness
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Granted
Application number
EP04450043A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1460881A3 (en
EP1460881B1 (en
Inventor
Hugo Dr. Lenhard-Backhaus
Ernst Dipl.-Ing. Stöttinger
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AKG Acoustics GmbH
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AKG Acoustics GmbH
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Priority to AT04450043T priority Critical patent/ATE409397T1/en
Publication of EP1460881A2 publication Critical patent/EP1460881A2/en
Publication of EP1460881A3 publication Critical patent/EP1460881A3/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/025—Magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2209/00—Details of transducers of the moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type covered by H04R9/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2209/024—Manufacturing aspects of the magnetic circuit of loudspeaker or microphone transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the magnet system of a miniaturized sound transducer based on the electrodynamic principle, which has a housing made of deep-drawn sheet metal, a magnet system having a magnet and a membrane which is provided with a coil, from which wires lead to a contact point.
  • Such converters are particularly suitable for installation in small devices such as telephones, mobile telephones, hands-free devices for telephones, headphones or the like. intended.
  • Such miniaturized electroacoustic sound transmitters are equipped with a membrane and a plunger coil attached to it, a membrane holder, a magnet system and optionally a front cover and / or a back cover.
  • the invention also relates to a method for producing a converter.
  • Electroacoustic sounders based on the dynamic principle have been known for almost a hundred years and are used as loudspeakers, headphones or in a wide variety of acoustic applications such as the hearing side of a telephone. For the sake of simplicity, they are called “converters” below.
  • the strength of the magnetic field in the air gap of the transducer depends primarily on the magnetic strength and the volume of the permanent magnet. The stronger and the bigger a magnet is, the more potential there is in it. However, this potential can only be exploited if the length of the magnetic lines up to the air gap and the material in which they run does not weaken them too much. This is a second important factor to maximize the magnetic field strength. Generally speaking, long and "thin" paths are always bad because they weaken the magnetic force lines in their spread through the magnetic yoke. Knowing the magnetic properties of the materials used, the calculation of the magnetic fields is very similar to the calculations in electrical circuits.
  • the magnetic circuits for electroacoustic transducers are designed in such a way that the maximum magnetic field strength is achieved in a relatively narrow annular air area (air gap). With small transducers and "expensive space", the size of the magnet is very limited.
  • the design of the magnetic yoke therefore plays an important role. Generally speaking, it is important not to make the yoke unnecessarily thin. Therefore, magnetic pot thicknesses below 2 mm are poor and below 0.5 mm are hardly usable because they cause too much loss. The same applies to the pole plate.
  • a second important role of a pole plate is to enable a magnetic field strength that is as linear as possible in the air gap of an acoustic transducer. This means that (in the transverse direction to the axis of symmetry, thus radial) the magnetic field distribution should be constant. Therefore, the pole plate usually has a thickness that corresponds approximately to the stroke of the membrane. Depending on the type and application of the transducer, this is between 0.5 mm and 2 mm.
  • the moving coils are usually up to 300% longer than the pole plate is thick. This is necessary to make it possible for the coil to still lie in the air gap area with at least a third of its length, even with the extreme amplitudes of the membrane.
  • the housing For transducers with diameters of more than about 10 centimeters, it is therefore customary to manufacture the housing by deep-drawing sheet metal of suitable thickness, usually with a thickness of about 2 mm.
  • the invention now relates to miniaturized transducers with a diameter of less than about 20 mm, which no longer allows the use of such sheet thicknesses in the deep-drawing process.
  • the use of thin metal sheets is in turn not appropriate for the reasons mentioned above, which is why, despite the problems associated with this, the plastic housings mentioned at the beginning are still used.
  • the invention has set itself the task of changing the mechanical construction of the transducer so that a fully automatic transducer production, in particular of very small transducers up to 10 mm in diameter, is possible without great effort and without the quality of the transducers deteriorating.
  • the housing with an outer diameter of at most 20 mm consists of thin steel sheet with an average thickness of at most 0.2 mm
  • the magnet system has a lower pole plate and an upper pole plate and that the pole plates are made of sheet steel with a thickness of at least 1.5 times the average thickness of the bottom of the housing.
  • average thickness is necessary because of the differences in wall thickness occurring at different points in the finished housing when the housing is deep-drawn.
  • the pole plates have a thickness of at least 1.5 times, preferably at least 2 times, particularly preferably 3 times the average thickness of the bottom of the housing.
  • the lower pole plate is part, preferably in one piece, of a magnetic pot, the jacket area of which is at least substantially up to the upper one Surface of the upper pole plate is sufficient.
  • a further development of the latter variant is characterized in that the wall thickness of the magnetic pot corresponds to at least 1.5 times, preferably at least 2 times, particularly preferably at least 3 times the average thickness of the bottom of the housing. A particularly homogeneous magnetic field is thereby achieved in the area of the immersion gap.
  • a method according to the invention for producing a converter according to the invention with a lower pole plate is characterized in that the lower pole plate is inserted into the mold in the manner of a lost core when the housing is deep-drawn. This makes it easy to handle, despite the small dimensions of all parts involved. In addition, the pole plate is reliably fixed without gluing or the like.
  • a method according to the invention for producing a transducer according to the invention with a magnetic pot is characterized in that the magnetic pot is inserted into the mold in the manner of a lost core when the housing is deep-drawn.
  • a solution according to the invention is shown in principle with reference to FIG. 1.
  • a transducer 1 according to the invention consists of a sheet steel housing 6, which is deep-drawn and punched out, so that a membrane seat surface 2 for a membrane 14, rear sound openings 3, and the mounting recess for a magnet system 4 are formed and that connection wires 5 of a coil 13 can be guided to connection contacts 15.
  • the use of metal sheets for transducer manufacture is inherently state of the art and has long been used in the manufacture of loudspeakers. Since the relatively large diameter of mostly a few decimeters of a loudspeaker permits the use of thicker steel sheets, it is possible to manufacture the magnetic yoke (magnet and pole plate) directly with the cup-shaped steel sheet of the loudspeaker housing. Since the steel sheets used are up to two millimeters thick, they have no negative influence on the strength of the magnetic field in the air gap of the magnet system. The use of thinner steel sheets drastically reduces the magnetic field strength in the air gap of the magnet system and thus the efficiency of the loudspeaker.
  • the invention provides for a magnet system 4, as shown in FIG. 2, consisting of a pot 8, a magnet 9 and a pole plate 10, to be connected to a deep-drawn sheet metal housing. So it is possible to use thin sheets, up to 0.2 mm, without loss of magnetic field in the air gap, since the magnetic circuit consists of a "thicker" magnetic pot.
  • FIG. 4 In another, even simpler embodiment shown in FIG. 4, only a second pole plate is provided instead of the pot 8. A magnetic flux which is worse than that of FIG. 3 is thus achieved, but further miniaturization is possible.
  • the magnetic flux can be imagined in such a way that the lines of magnetic force from the bottom of the magnet 9 via the lower pole plate 11 and the thin sheet metal housing 6 to the air gap in the upper part and the upper pole plate 10 (FIG. 2) run back into the magnet 9 , Of course, they are weakened more on the way through the thin sheet metal - instead of through the thick-walled pot 8 - than there, but this must be accepted for particularly small transducers.
  • the invention proposes as a preferred manufacturing method in the deep drawing of Housing 6, as indicated schematically in Fig. 3 or 4, insert the pot 8 or the lower pole plate 11 in the deep-drawing tool and deep-draw with the housing plate. This results in a firm and adhesive-free connection between the pot 8 or the lower pole plate 11 of the magnet system and the remaining housing parts 6 of the transducer 1.
  • a converter housing 1 which is deep-drawn from thin steel sheet according to the invention also has openings 3. These serve the necessary acoustic tuning of the transducer and are known to the person skilled in the field of electroacoustics and their number, size and position can be easily determined.
  • a practical magnetic yoke according to the invention of a small transducer has a 0.9 mm thick magnet, a 0.3 mm thick pole plate and a 0.4 mm thick magnetic pot. This magnetic pot is held in a 0.2 mm thick converter housing (Fig. 1, part 6).
  • the invention also proposes an improvement in the passage of the wires 5 from the coil to the contact point.
  • two elevations 12 are formed in the course of the deep-drawing process in the outer region of the converter housing 6 in the region of the opening 3 through which wires 5 are guided.
  • the wires 5 can be guided between these elevations and, if necessary, fixed there with adhesive.
  • 6 shows, purely schematically and not to scale, a section normal to the wires (not shown in FIG. 6); 7, likewise schematically, shows a section in the region of an opening 3, which is not designed as a simple opening, but also with elevations.
  • the size of the opening is deliberately shown differently in FIG. 7 than in FIG. 1 in order to illustrate the wide spectrum.
  • openings 3 in the housing 6 also in the bottom area of the pot 8 or in the area of the second pole plate 11, corresponding to corresponding recesses or openings in the pot or the pole plate, in order to achieve the desired acoustic coordination.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
  • Coils Or Transformers For Communication (AREA)
  • Regulation Of General Use Transformers (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
  • Amplifiers (AREA)
  • Electrostatic, Electromagnetic, Magneto- Strictive, And Variable-Resistance Transducers (AREA)
  • Details Of Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)

Abstract

The transducer has a housing (6) with a maximum external diameter of 20 mm, and made of thin steel plate with a maximum average thickness of 0.2 mm. The magnet system (4) comprises a lower pole plate (11) and an upper pole plate (10). The pole plates (10,11) are made of steel plate with a thickness of at least 1.5 times the average thickness of the base of the housing (6). An independent claim is included for a method of manufacturing a transducer.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft das Magnetsystem eines auf dem elektrodynamischen Prinzip basierenden, miniaturisierten Schallwandlers, der ein Gehäuse aus tiefgezogenem Blech, ein einen Magneten aufweisendes Magnetsystem und eine Membrane, die mit einer Spule versehen ist, von der Drähte zu einer Kontaktstelle führen, aufweist. Derartige Wandler sind insbesondere zum Einbau in Kleingeräte, wie Telefone, Mobiltelefone, Freisprecheinrichtungen für Telefone, Kopfhörer od.dgl. vorgesehen. Derartige miniaturisierte elektroakustische Schallgeber sind mit einer Membrane und einer an ihr befestigten Tauchspule, einem Membranhalter, einem Magnetsystem und gegebenenfalls einer Frontabdeckung und/oder einer Rückenabdeckung ausgestattet. Die Erfindung betrifft auch ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Wandlers.The invention relates to the magnet system of a miniaturized sound transducer based on the electrodynamic principle, which has a housing made of deep-drawn sheet metal, a magnet system having a magnet and a membrane which is provided with a coil, from which wires lead to a contact point. Such converters are particularly suitable for installation in small devices such as telephones, mobile telephones, hands-free devices for telephones, headphones or the like. intended. Such miniaturized electroacoustic sound transmitters are equipped with a membrane and a plunger coil attached to it, a membrane holder, a magnet system and optionally a front cover and / or a back cover. The invention also relates to a method for producing a converter.

Elektroakustische Schallgeber nach dem dynamischem Prinzip sind seit fast einhundert Jahren bekannt und finden ihre Anwendung als Lautsprecher, Kopfhörer oder in verschiedensten akustischen Anwendungen wie zum Beispiel als Hörseite eines Telephons. Sie werden im weiteren der Einfachheit halber "Wandler" genannt.Electroacoustic sounders based on the dynamic principle have been known for almost a hundred years and are used as loudspeakers, headphones or in a wide variety of acoustic applications such as the hearing side of a telephone. For the sake of simplicity, they are called "converters" below.

Der derzeitige Aufbau solcher Wandler erfolgt im wesentlichen mit Hilfe von Kunststoffen, wie zum Beispiel in der AT 221 150 B oder der AT 236 474 B beschrieben. Solche Lösungen haben eine Fertigung des Wandlers ermöglicht, bei der sowohl der Membransitz und das Wandlergehäuse, als auch die Umspritzung des Magnetsystems und der elektrischen Kontakte eine kompakte Einheit bilden. Diese Lösungen haben dazu beigetragen, dass sich eine halbautomatische Wandlerfertigung in Unterschied zur noch früher praktizierten Handfertigung durchsetzen konnte. Diese Lösung benötigt Kunststoffspritzwerkzeuge die manchmal sehr kompliziert und damit teuer sind. Eine Vollautomatisierung der Wandlerherstellung ist bis heute an der komplizierten Handhabung der mit Kunststoff zu umspritzenden Wandlerbaugruppen gescheitert. Dadurch konnte die an sich technisch sehr gute Lösung mit umspritzten Baugruppen in großen Produktionsserien nicht kostengünstig eingesetzt werden.The current construction of such transducers is essentially carried out with the aid of plastics, as described for example in AT 221 150 B or AT 236 474 B. Such solutions have made it possible to manufacture the converter, in which both the membrane seat and the converter housing, as well as the encapsulation of the magnet system and the electrical contacts form a compact unit. These solutions have contributed to the fact that semi-automatic converter production, in contrast to manual production that was practiced in the past, was able to establish itself. This solution requires plastic injection molds that are sometimes very complicated and therefore expensive. A complete automation of the converter production has so far failed due to the complicated handling of the converter assemblies to be encapsulated with plastic. As a result, the technically very good solution with overmolded assemblies could not be used cost-effectively in large production series.

Prinzipiell ist es wichtig, um einerseits die Empfindlichkeit des Wandlers zu vergrößern, und andererseits seine Verzerrung der Wiedergabe zu minimieren, die Stärke des Magnetfeldes im Luftspalt des Wandlers so groß und so linear wie möglich zu machen. Die Stärke des Magnetfeldes im Luftspalt des Wandlers ist in erster Linie von der magnetischen Stärke und vom Volumen des Permanentmagneten abhängig. Je stärker und je größer ein Magnet ist, desto mehr Potential steckt in ihm. Dieses Potential kann aber nur dann ausgenützt werden, wenn die Länge der Magnetlinien bis zum Luftspalt und das Material, in dem sie verlaufen, sie nicht zu sehr abschwächt. Das ist ein zweiter wichtiger Faktor, um die Magnetfeldstärke zu maximieren. Generell gesehen sind lange und "dünne" Wege immer schlecht, weil sie die Magnetkraftlinien in ihrer Ausbreitung durch das Magnetjoch schwächen. Wenn man die Magneteigenschaften der verwendeten Materialien kennt, dann ist die Berechnung der Magnetfelder sehr ähnlich der Berechnungen in elektrischen Schaltkreisen.In principle, it is important, on the one hand, to increase the sensitivity of the converter, and on the other hand to minimize its distortion of the reproduction, to make the strength of the magnetic field in the air gap of the transducer as large and as linear as possible. The strength of the magnetic field in the air gap of the transducer depends primarily on the magnetic strength and the volume of the permanent magnet. The stronger and the bigger a magnet is, the more potential there is in it. However, this potential can only be exploited if the length of the magnetic lines up to the air gap and the material in which they run does not weaken them too much. This is a second important factor to maximize the magnetic field strength. Generally speaking, long and "thin" paths are always bad because they weaken the magnetic force lines in their spread through the magnetic yoke. Knowing the magnetic properties of the materials used, the calculation of the magnetic fields is very similar to the calculations in electrical circuits.

Die Magnetkreise für elektroakustische Wandler werden so konzipiert, dass man in einem relativ engen ringförmigem Luftbereich (Luftspalt) das Maximum an magnetischer Feldstärke erreicht. Bei kleinen Wandlern und "teuerem Platz" ist die Größe des Magneten sehr begrenzt. Desto mehr spielt die Ausführung des Magnetjochs eine wichtige Rolle. Generell gesagt ist wichtig, das Joch nicht unnötig dünn zu machen. Deshalb sind Magnettopfdicken unter 2 mm schlecht und unter 0,5 mm kaum brauchbar, da sie zu viel Verluste verursachen. Ähnliches gilt für die Polplatte.The magnetic circuits for electroacoustic transducers are designed in such a way that the maximum magnetic field strength is achieved in a relatively narrow annular air area (air gap). With small transducers and "expensive space", the size of the magnet is very limited. The design of the magnetic yoke therefore plays an important role. Generally speaking, it is important not to make the yoke unnecessarily thin. Therefore, magnetic pot thicknesses below 2 mm are poor and below 0.5 mm are hardly usable because they cause too much loss. The same applies to the pole plate.

Eine zweite wichtige Rolle einer Polplatte ist, im Luftspalt eines akustischen Wandlers möglichst lineare Magnetfeldstärke zu ermöglichen. Das heißt, dass (in Querrichtung zur Symmetrieachse, damit radial) die Magnetfeldverteilung konstant sein soll. Deshalb hat die Polplatte üblicherweise eine Dicke, die in etwa dem Hub der Membrane entspricht. Das sind je nach der Art und Anwendung des Wandlers zwischen 0,5 mm und 2 mm. Die Tauchspulen sind normalerweise um bis zu 300% länger als die Polplatte dick ist. Das ist notwendig um es zu ermöglichen, dass auch bei den extremen Amplituden der Membrane, die Spule noch immer mit mindestens einem Drittel ihrer Länge im Luftspaltbereich liegt.A second important role of a pole plate is to enable a magnetic field strength that is as linear as possible in the air gap of an acoustic transducer. This means that (in the transverse direction to the axis of symmetry, thus radial) the magnetic field distribution should be constant. Therefore, the pole plate usually has a thickness that corresponds approximately to the stroke of the membrane. Depending on the type and application of the transducer, this is between 0.5 mm and 2 mm. The moving coils are usually up to 300% longer than the pole plate is thick. This is necessary to make it possible for the coil to still lie in the air gap area with at least a third of its length, even with the extreme amplitudes of the membrane.

Bei Wandlern mit Durchmessern von über etwa 10 Zentimetern ist es daher üblich, das Gehäuse durch Tiefziehen von Blech passender Stärke, meist mit etwa 2 mm Dicke, herzustellen. Die Erfindung betrifft nun miniaturisierte Wandler mit einem Durchmesser von unter etwa 20 mm, was die Verwendung derartiger Blechstärken im Tiefziehverfahren nicht mehr erlaubt. Die Verwendung dünner Bleche wiederum ist aus den oben genannten Gründen nicht angebracht, weshalb trotz der damit verbundenen Probleme nach wie vor die eingangs genannten Kunststoffgehäuse verwendet werden.For transducers with diameters of more than about 10 centimeters, it is therefore customary to manufacture the housing by deep-drawing sheet metal of suitable thickness, usually with a thickness of about 2 mm. The invention now relates to miniaturized transducers with a diameter of less than about 20 mm, which no longer allows the use of such sheet thicknesses in the deep-drawing process. The use of thin metal sheets is in turn not appropriate for the reasons mentioned above, which is why, despite the problems associated with this, the plastic housings mentioned at the beginning are still used.

Die Erfindung hat sich die Aufgabe gesetzt, die mechanische Konstruktion des Wandlers so zu verändern, dass eine vollautomatische Wandlerproduktion, insbesondere von sehr kleinen Wandlern bis unter 10 mm Durchmesser, ohne großen Aufwand möglich wird und ohne dass die Qualität der Wandler verschlechtert wird.The invention has set itself the task of changing the mechanical construction of the transducer so that a fully automatic transducer production, in particular of very small transducers up to 10 mm in diameter, is possible without great effort and without the quality of the transducers deteriorating.

Erfindungsgemäß werden diese Ziele dadurch erreicht, dass bei einem Wandler der eingangs definierten Art das Gehäuse mit einem Außendurchmesser von maximal 20 mm aus dünnem Stahlblech mit einer mittleren Dicke von maximal 0,2 mm besteht, dass das Magnetsystem eine untere Polplatte und eine obere Polplatte aufweist und dass die Polplatten aus Stahlblech mit einer Dicke von zumindest dem 1,5-fachen der mittleren Dicke des Bodens des Gehäuses bestehen. Dadurch wird es möglich, das Gehäuse günstig durch Tiefziehen herzustellen und durch die Stärkung des Bodenbereiches durch die untere Polplatte die Schwächung der Feldstärke im Wandbereich hinzunehmen und dafür eine sehr weit gehende Miniaturisierung zu erreichen.According to the invention, these goals are achieved in that, in the case of a converter of the type defined at the outset, the housing with an outer diameter of at most 20 mm consists of thin steel sheet with an average thickness of at most 0.2 mm, in that the magnet system has a lower pole plate and an upper pole plate and that the pole plates are made of sheet steel with a thickness of at least 1.5 times the average thickness of the bottom of the housing. This makes it possible to manufacture the housing inexpensively by deep drawing and, by strengthening the base area through the lower pole plate, accept the weakening of the field strength in the wall area and achieve very extensive miniaturization.

Der Begriff "mittlere Dicke" ist wegen der beim Tiefziehen des Gehäuses auftretenden Unterschiede in der Wandstärke an unterschiedlichen Stellen des fertigen Gehäuses notwendig.The term "average thickness" is necessary because of the differences in wall thickness occurring at different points in the finished housing when the housing is deep-drawn.

In einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass die Polplatten eine Dicke von zumindest dem 1,5-fachen, bevorzugt von zumindest dem 2-fachen, besonders bevorzugt vom 3-fachen der mittleren Dicke des Bodens des Gehäuses aufweisen. Dadurch wird im Bereich des Tauchspaltes ein besonders homogenes Magnetfeld erreicht und die Schwächung des Magnetfeldes durch die geringe Dicke des Gehäuses wird weiter verringert.In one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the pole plates have a thickness of at least 1.5 times, preferably at least 2 times, particularly preferably 3 times the average thickness of the bottom of the housing. As a result, a particularly homogeneous magnetic field is achieved in the area of the immersion gap and the weakening of the magnetic field due to the small thickness of the housing is further reduced.

In einer Variante ist vorgesehen, dass die untere Polplatte Teil, bevorzugt einstückig, eines Magnettopfes ist, dessen Mantelbereich zumindest im wesentlichen bis zur oberen Oberfläche der oberen Polplatte reicht. Diese Variante mit nur etwas geringerem Grad der Miniaturisierung des Wandlers weist den Vorteil eines praktisch ungeschwächten Magnetfeldes auf.In a variant it is provided that the lower pole plate is part, preferably in one piece, of a magnetic pot, the jacket area of which is at least substantially up to the upper one Surface of the upper pole plate is sufficient. This variant with only a slightly lower degree of miniaturization of the transducer has the advantage of a practically undiminished magnetic field.

Eine Weiterbildung der letztgenannten Variante ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wandstärke des Magnettopfes zumindest dem 1,5-fachen, bevorzugt zumindest dem 2-fachen, besonders bevorzugt zumindest dem 3-fachen der mittleren Dicke des Bodens des Gehäuses entspricht. Dadurch wird im Bereich des Tauchspaltes ein besonders homogenes Magnetfeld erreicht.A further development of the latter variant is characterized in that the wall thickness of the magnetic pot corresponds to at least 1.5 times, preferably at least 2 times, particularly preferably at least 3 times the average thickness of the bottom of the housing. A particularly homogeneous magnetic field is thereby achieved in the area of the immersion gap.

Ein erfindungsgemäßes Verfahren zur Herstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Wandlers mit unterer Polplatte ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die untere Polplatte beim Tiefziehen des Gehäuses nach Art eines verlorenen Kernes in die Form eingesetzt wird. Damit wird trotz der geringen Abmessungen aller beteiligten Teile ein einfaches Hantieren möglich. Darüber hinaus kommt man zu einer zuverlässigen Fixierung der Polplatte ohne Verkleben od.dergl..A method according to the invention for producing a converter according to the invention with a lower pole plate is characterized in that the lower pole plate is inserted into the mold in the manner of a lost core when the housing is deep-drawn. This makes it easy to handle, despite the small dimensions of all parts involved. In addition, the pole plate is reliably fixed without gluing or the like.

Ein erfindungsgemäßes Verfahren zur Herstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Wandlers mit Magnettopf ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Magnettopf beim Tiefziehen des Gehäuses nach Art eines verlorenen Kernes in die Form eingesetzt wird. Die Vorteile sind die gleichen wie beim zuvor genannten Verfahren.A method according to the invention for producing a transducer according to the invention with a magnetic pot is characterized in that the magnetic pot is inserted into the mold in the manner of a lost core when the housing is deep-drawn. The advantages are the same as with the previously mentioned method.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden an Hand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Dabei zeigt

  • die Fig. 1 einen erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Wandler,
  • die Fig. 2 ein Detail der Fig. 1 in vergrößertem Maßstab,
  • die Fig. 3 ein Detail im Zuge der Herstellung,
  • die Fig. 4 eine Variante der Fig. 3,
  • die Fig. 5 bis 7 zeigen die Führung der Drähte der Tauchspule.
The invention is explained below with reference to the drawing. It shows
  • 1 shows a converter designed according to the invention,
  • 2 shows a detail of FIG. 1 on an enlarged scale,
  • 3 shows a detail in the course of production,
  • 4 shows a variant of FIG. 3,
  • 5 to 7 show the guidance of the wires of the moving coil.

Eine erfindungsgemäße Lösung ist prinzipiell an Hand der Fig. 1 dargestellt. Ein erfindungsgemäßer Wandler 1 besteht aus einem Stahlblechgehäuse 6, das tiefgezogen und ausgestanzt wird, sodass eine Membransitzfläche 2 für eine Membrane 14, rückwärtige Schallöffnungen 3, die Montageausnehmung für ein Magnetsystems 4 ausgebildet werden und dass Anschlussdrähte 5 einer Spule 13, zu Anschlusskontakten 15 geführt werden können.A solution according to the invention is shown in principle with reference to FIG. 1. A transducer 1 according to the invention consists of a sheet steel housing 6, which is deep-drawn and punched out, so that a membrane seat surface 2 for a membrane 14, rear sound openings 3, and the mounting recess for a magnet system 4 are formed and that connection wires 5 of a coil 13 can be guided to connection contacts 15.

Die Verwendung von Blechen für die Wandlerherstellung entspricht, wie oben erwähnt, an und für sich dem Stand der Technik, und wird seit langem bei der Herstellung von Lautsprechern verwendet. Da der relativ große Durchmesser von zumeist einigen Dezimetern eines Lautsprechers die Verwendung von dickeren Stahlblechen zulässt, ist es von der Herstellung her möglich, das Magnetjoch (Magnet und Polplatte) direkt mit dem topfförmigen Stahlblech des Lautsprechergehäuses auszubilden. Da die verwendeten Stahlbleche bis zu zwei Millimeter dick sind, haben sie keinen negativen Einfluss auf die Stärke des Magnetfeldes im Luftspalt des Magnetsystems. Eine Verwendung von dünneren Stahlblechen verringert die Magnetfeldstärke im Luftspalt des Magnetsystems und damit den Wirkungsgrad des Lautsprechers drastisch.As mentioned above, the use of metal sheets for transducer manufacture is inherently state of the art and has long been used in the manufacture of loudspeakers. Since the relatively large diameter of mostly a few decimeters of a loudspeaker permits the use of thicker steel sheets, it is possible to manufacture the magnetic yoke (magnet and pole plate) directly with the cup-shaped steel sheet of the loudspeaker housing. Since the steel sheets used are up to two millimeters thick, they have no negative influence on the strength of the magnetic field in the air gap of the magnet system. The use of thinner steel sheets drastically reduces the magnetic field strength in the air gap of the magnet system and thus the efficiency of the loudspeaker.

Moderne Telekommunikationsgeräte wie Mobiltelefone und dergleichen benötigen immer kleinere Wandler, die im Extremfall sogar im Durchmesser unter 10 mm klein sind. Um die Herstellung von solchen Wandlern billig zu gestalten ist erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, ein Magnetsystem 4, wie es in Fig. 2 dargestellt ist, bestehend aus einem Topf 8, einem Magnet 9 und einer Polplatte 10, mit einem tiefgezogenen Blechgehäuse zu verbinden. So ist es möglich, dünne Bleche, bis zu 0,2 mm, ohne Magnetfeldverluste im Luftspalt zu verwenden, da der Magnetkreis aus einem "dickeren" Magnettopf besteht.Modern telecommunication devices such as mobile phones and the like require ever smaller transducers, which in extreme cases are even less than 10 mm in diameter. In order to make the manufacture of such transducers inexpensive, the invention provides for a magnet system 4, as shown in FIG. 2, consisting of a pot 8, a magnet 9 and a pole plate 10, to be connected to a deep-drawn sheet metal housing. So it is possible to use thin sheets, up to 0.2 mm, without loss of magnetic field in the air gap, since the magnetic circuit consists of a "thicker" magnetic pot.

Bei einer in Fig. 4 gezeigten, anderen, noch einfacheren Ausführungsart ist statt des Topfes 8 nur eine zweite Polplatte vorgesehen. Damit wird zwar ein gegenüber der Fig. 3 schlechterer Magnetfluß erzielt, es ist aber eine weitere Miniaturisierung möglich. Den Magnetfluß kann man sich so vorstellen, dass die Magnetkraftlinien aus dem Boden des Magneten 9 über die untere Polplatte 11 und über das dünne Blechgehäuse 6 bis zum Luftspalt im oberen Teil und die obere Polplatte 10 (Fig. 2) in den Magneten 9 zurück verlaufen. Sie werden dabei selbstverständlich auf dem Weg durch das dünne Blech - statt durch den dickwandigen Topf 8 - mehr abgeschwächt als dort, aber für besonders kleine Wandler ist dies in Kauf zu nehmen.In another, even simpler embodiment shown in FIG. 4, only a second pole plate is provided instead of the pot 8. A magnetic flux which is worse than that of FIG. 3 is thus achieved, but further miniaturization is possible. The magnetic flux can be imagined in such a way that the lines of magnetic force from the bottom of the magnet 9 via the lower pole plate 11 and the thin sheet metal housing 6 to the air gap in the upper part and the upper pole plate 10 (FIG. 2) run back into the magnet 9 , Of course, they are weakened more on the way through the thin sheet metal - instead of through the thick-walled pot 8 - than there, but this must be accepted for particularly small transducers.

Die Erfindung schlägt als bevorzugtes Herstellungsverfahren vor, beim Tiefziehen des Gehäuses 6, wie in Fig. 3 bzw. 4 schematisch angedeutet, den Topf 8 bzw. die untere Polplatte 11 in das Tiefziehwerkzeug einzulegen und mit dem Gehäuseblech tiefzuziehen. Dadurch ergibt sich eine feste und klebstofflose Verbindung zwischen dem Topf 8 bzw. der unteren Polplatte 11 des Magnetsystems und den restlichen Gehäuseteilen 6 des Wandlers 1.The invention proposes as a preferred manufacturing method in the deep drawing of Housing 6, as indicated schematically in Fig. 3 or 4, insert the pot 8 or the lower pole plate 11 in the deep-drawing tool and deep-draw with the housing plate. This results in a firm and adhesive-free connection between the pot 8 or the lower pole plate 11 of the magnet system and the remaining housing parts 6 of the transducer 1.

Aus den Fig. 1 und 5 ist ersichtlich, dass ein erfindungsgemäß aus dünnem Stahlblech tiefgezogenes Wandlergehäuse 1 auch Öffnungen 3 aufweist. Diese dienen der notwendigen akustischen Abstimmung des Wandlers und sind dem Fachmann auf dem Gebiet der Elektroakustik bekannt und ihrer Anzahl, Größe und Lage nach leicht zu bestimmen.It can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 5 that a converter housing 1 which is deep-drawn from thin steel sheet according to the invention also has openings 3. These serve the necessary acoustic tuning of the transducer and are known to the person skilled in the field of electroacoustics and their number, size and position can be easily determined.

Ein praxisnahes erfindungsgemäßes Magnetjoch eines kleinen Wandlers hat einen 0,9 mm dicken Magnet, eine 0,3 mm dicke Polplatte und einen 0,4 mm dicken Magnettopf. Dieser Magnettopf wird in einem 0,2 mm dicken Wandlergehäuse (Fig. 1, Teil 6) gehalten.A practical magnetic yoke according to the invention of a small transducer has a 0.9 mm thick magnet, a 0.3 mm thick pole plate and a 0.4 mm thick magnetic pot. This magnetic pot is held in a 0.2 mm thick converter housing (Fig. 1, part 6).

Die Erfindung schlägt in diesem Zusammenhang auch eine Verbesserung der Durchführung der Drähte 5 von der Spule zur Kontaktstelle vor. Wie in Fig. 5 schematisch dargestellt, werden im Zuge des Tiefziehvorganges im äußeren Bereich des Wandlergehäuses 6 im Bereich der Durchbrechung 3, durch die Drähte 5 geführt werden, zwei Erhebungen 12 ausgebildet. Die Drähte 5 können zwischen diesen Erhebungen geführt und dort gegebenenfalls mit Klebstoff fixiert werden. Die Fig. 6 zeigt, rein schematisch und nicht maßstäblich, einen Schnitt normal zu den (in Fig. 6 nicht dargestellten) Drähten; die Fig. 7, ebenso schematisch, einen Schnitt im Bereich einer Durchbrechung 3, der nicht als einfache Öffnung, sondern ebenfalls mit Erhebungen ausgebildet ist. Die Größe der Durchbrechung ist in Fig. 7 bewußt anders dargestellt als in der Fig. 1, um das weite Spektrum zu veranschaulichen.In this context, the invention also proposes an improvement in the passage of the wires 5 from the coil to the contact point. As shown schematically in FIG. 5, two elevations 12 are formed in the course of the deep-drawing process in the outer region of the converter housing 6 in the region of the opening 3 through which wires 5 are guided. The wires 5 can be guided between these elevations and, if necessary, fixed there with adhesive. 6 shows, purely schematically and not to scale, a section normal to the wires (not shown in FIG. 6); 7, likewise schematically, shows a section in the region of an opening 3, which is not designed as a simple opening, but also with elevations. The size of the opening is deliberately shown differently in FIG. 7 than in FIG. 1 in order to illustrate the wide spectrum.

Es ist selbstverständlich möglich, Durchbrechungen 3 im Gehäuse 6 auch im Bodenbereich des Topfes 8 bzw. im Bereich der zweiten Polplatte 11, korrespondierend mit entsprechenden Ausnehmungen bzw. Durchbrechungen im Topf bzw. der Polplatte vorzusehen, um die gewünschte akustische Abstimmung zu erreichen.It is of course possible to provide openings 3 in the housing 6 also in the bottom area of the pot 8 or in the area of the second pole plate 11, corresponding to corresponding recesses or openings in the pot or the pole plate, in order to achieve the desired acoustic coordination.

Claims (6)

Magnetsystem eines auf dem elektrodynamischen Prinzip basierenden, miniaturisierten Schallwandlers (1), der ein Gehäuse (6) aus tiefgezogenem Blech, ein einen Magneten (9) aufweisendes Magnetsystem (4) und eine Membrane (14) die mit einer Spule (13) versehen ist, von der Drähte (5) zu einer Kontaktstelle (15) führen, aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gehäuse (6) mit einem Außendurchmesser von maximal 20 mm aus dünnem Stahlblech mit einer mittleren Dicke von maximal 0,2 mm besteht, dass das Magnetsystem (4) eine untere Polplatte (11) und eine obere Polplatte (10) aufweist, und dass die Polplatten (10, 11) aus Stahlblech mit einer Dicke von zumindest dem 1,5-fachen der mittleren Dicke des Bodens des Gehäuses (6) bestehen.Magnet system of a miniaturized sound transducer (1) based on the electrodynamic principle, which has a housing (6) made of deep-drawn sheet metal, a magnet system (4) having a magnet (9) and a membrane (14) which is provided with a coil (13) , from which wires (5) lead to a contact point (15), characterized in that the housing (6) with an outer diameter of at most 20 mm consists of thin steel sheet with an average thickness of at most 0.2 mm, that Magnet system (4) has a lower pole plate (11) and an upper pole plate (10), and that the pole plates (10, 11) made of sheet steel with a thickness of at least 1.5 times the average thickness of the bottom of the housing (6 ) consist. Wandler nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Polplatten eine Dicke von zumindest dem 1,5-fachen, bevorzugt dem 2-fachen, besonders bevorzugt zumindest dem 3-fachen der mittleren Dicke des Bodens des Gehäuses (6) aufweisen.Converter according to claim 1, characterized in that the pole plates have a thickness of at least 1.5 times, preferably 2 times, particularly preferably at least 3 times the average thickness of the bottom of the housing (6). Wandler nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die untere Polplatte (11) Teil, bevorzugt einstückig, eines Magnettopfes (8) ist, dessen Mantelbereich zumindest im wesentlichen bis zur oberen Oberfläche der oberen Polplatte (10) reicht.Transducer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the lower pole plate (11) is part, preferably in one piece, of a magnetic pot (8), the jacket region of which extends at least substantially to the upper surface of the upper pole plate (10). Wandler nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wandstärke des Magnettopfes (8) zumindest dem 1,5-fachen, bevorzugt zumindest dem 2-fachen, besonders bevorzugt zumindest dem 3-fachen der mittleren Dicke des Bodens des Gehäuses (6) entspricht.Transducer according to claim 3, characterized in that the wall thickness of the magnetic pot (8) corresponds to at least 1.5 times, preferably at least 2 times, particularly preferably at least 3 times the average thickness of the bottom of the housing (6). Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Wandlers gemäß Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die untere Polplatte (11) beim Tiefziehen des Gehäuses (6) nach Art eines verlorenen Kernes in die Form eingesetzt wird.A method of manufacturing a transducer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the lower pole plate (11) is inserted into the mold in the manner of a lost core when the housing (6) is deep-drawn. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Wandlers gemäß Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Magnettopf (8) beim Tiefziehen des Gehäuses (6) nach Art eines verlorenen Kernes in die Form eingesetzt wird.Method for producing a transducer according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the magnetic pot (8) is inserted into the mold in the manner of a lost core during the deep-drawing of the housing (6).
EP04450043A 2003-03-17 2004-03-01 Magnetic system of an acoustic transducer Expired - Lifetime EP1460881B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT04450043T ATE409397T1 (en) 2003-03-17 2004-03-01 MAGNETIC SYSTEM OF A SOUND TRANSDUCER

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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AT0041803A AT414196B (en) 2003-03-17 2003-03-17 MAGNETIC SYSTEM OF A SOUND TRANSFORMER
AT4182003 2003-03-17

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EP1460881A2 true EP1460881A2 (en) 2004-09-22
EP1460881A3 EP1460881A3 (en) 2007-04-11
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EP (1) EP1460881B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2004282761A (en)
CN (1) CN100359990C (en)
AT (2) AT414196B (en)
DE (1) DE502004008108D1 (en)
DK (1) DK1460881T3 (en)

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JP4652035B2 (en) * 2004-12-07 2011-03-16 パイオニア株式会社 Speaker
WO2007058133A1 (en) * 2005-11-15 2007-05-24 Pioneer Corporation Speaker and magnetic circuit
KR100811739B1 (en) 2006-06-02 2008-03-11 에스텍 주식회사 Speaker
DE102008024816B4 (en) * 2008-05-23 2015-07-16 Sennheiser Electronic Gmbh & Co. Kg Dynamic electro-acoustic transducer and handset
CN102413405B (en) * 2011-11-16 2014-06-04 瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司 Magnetic circuit system and sound generation device using same

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JPS5723397A (en) * 1980-07-18 1982-02-06 Pioneer Electronic Corp External magnetic type magnetic circuit of dynamic loudspeaker
GB2104346A (en) * 1981-08-13 1983-03-02 Jensen Int Inc Integral combined core and back plate for loudspeaker and process for fabricating the same
US5751828A (en) * 1994-05-30 1998-05-12 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Magnetic circuit unit for loud-speaker and method of manufacturing the same
US20020071590A1 (en) * 2000-12-09 2002-06-13 Samsung Electro-Mechanics Co., Ltd. Magnetic circuit of micro speaker

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ATE409397T1 (en) 2008-10-15
CN1531370A (en) 2004-09-22
ATA4182003A (en) 2005-12-15
EP1460881A3 (en) 2007-04-11
DE502004008108D1 (en) 2008-11-06
CN100359990C (en) 2008-01-02
JP2004282761A (en) 2004-10-07
DK1460881T3 (en) 2009-01-26
US20040197005A1 (en) 2004-10-07
EP1460881B1 (en) 2008-09-24
US7151840B2 (en) 2006-12-19
AT414196B (en) 2006-10-15

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