EP1460355A1 - Method for monitoring a water boiler system and apparatus for carrying out the method - Google Patents

Method for monitoring a water boiler system and apparatus for carrying out the method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1460355A1
EP1460355A1 EP04006849A EP04006849A EP1460355A1 EP 1460355 A1 EP1460355 A1 EP 1460355A1 EP 04006849 A EP04006849 A EP 04006849A EP 04006849 A EP04006849 A EP 04006849A EP 1460355 A1 EP1460355 A1 EP 1460355A1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
boiler system
pressure
heat
supply
threshold value
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EP04006849A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Tom Gerretsen
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Honeywell BV
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Honeywell BV
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/002—Regulating fuel supply using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F24D19/1009—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00—Measuring
    • F23N2225/04—Measuring pressure

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for monitoring a boiler system for water and to an apparatus for performing the method.
  • Boiler systems with a water circuit often include an overpressure safety valve and a surge tank.
  • a malfunction in the surge tank can result in an increase in water pressure in such systems.
  • the overpressure safety valve acts in boiler systems of this type, by means of which an excessively high excess pressure can be quickly released, whereby the bursting of the water circuit of the boiler system can be prevented.
  • overpressure safety valves of this type often have the disadvantage that they tend to drip after being triggered once.
  • the object of the invention is now to improve the known methods for monitoring a boiler system.
  • the pressure of the water in the boiler system is consequently continuously determined and the supply of heat to the boiler system is carried out taking into account the continuously determined pressure.
  • the supply of heat to a boiler system is usually regulated based on the temperature of the water.
  • an overpressure of the water also goes hand in hand with a corresponding rise in temperature, so that in principle also on the basis of the temperature of the water a too high pressure rise in the boiler system can be avoided.
  • a reliable determination of an overpressure based on the temperature is not possible.
  • the consideration of the continuously determined pressure when supplying heat to the boiler system allows a reliable reaction in the event of a malfunction occurring in the boiler system, which is accompanied by excess pressure.
  • the continuously determined pressure is advantageously compared to a threshold value. Only when the threshold value is exceeded is there an intervention in the supply of heat to the boiler system. Below the threshold, the heat supply is regulated exclusively according to the difference between the actual and target temperature.
  • a first threshold value can be selected such that the intervention in the supply of heat to the boiler system only has to be reduced.
  • a threshold value can be used for comparison, which is so high that it is necessary to switch off the heat supply instead of reducing it.
  • a comparison of the pressure determined with both threshold values can also take place simultaneously, and a graded reaction can take place depending on the comparison result.
  • An alternative method for detecting a malfunction in the boiler system can be to determine the current pressure rise instead of the continuously determined pressure. This has the advantage that in some cases it is already on the malfunction can be responded to before the actual threshold is exceeded. In some cases, this procedure can therefore enable an even faster reaction to a malfunction in the boiler system to be monitored.
  • Another advantage is also the simultaneous checking of the continuously determined pressure and the current pressure rise, if necessary in each case using a plurality of threshold values.
  • a warning signal is generated immediately when the heat supply is set taking into account the continuously determined pressure, regardless of whether the continuously determined pressure is used directly or the current pressure increase, and also independently whether the first or the second threshold is exceeded. On the basis of this warning signal, the operator of the boiler system can then have the boiler system checked as quickly as possible.
  • the method is applicable to any boiler system for liquids, preferably water.
  • a boiler system in this context understood a system for heating and storing water.
  • a system is implemented, for example, in a central heating system.
  • This comprises a water tank which is connected to a plurality of radiators or heating elements via a pipe system.
  • the water in this system is generally pumped from the boiler to the heating elements and from there back to the boiler.
  • the boiler is heated, for example, via its own water circuit or directly with electricity, gas or oil.
  • a surge tank is generally provided. Furthermore, such a system usually includes an overpressure safety valve. This prevents the water cycle from opening at an unpredictable point as a result of overpressure, for example by an element of the system bursting or a seam or a transition point becoming leaky. If such an incident occurs in the masonry of the building in which the boiler system is installed, this could lead to considerable damage to the building.
  • an overpressure safety valve which is designed in such a way that it opens in the event of a dangerous overpressure in order to prevent the system from bursting.
  • an outlet is already provided below such a pressure relief valve, so that opening the pressure relief valve does not cause any damage.
  • the overpressure safety valve is generally designed so that the overpressure at which it triggers is below the overpressure or the bursting pressure that is dangerous for the system.
  • overpressure safety valves In general, there is no pressure that is dangerous for the system in a boiler system. That is why overpressure safety valves often unused for several years. How such an overpressure safety valve, which has not been used for a long period of time, reacts when overpressure occurs, is relatively unsafe. Overpressure safety valves also tend to drip continuously after initial triggering, which subsequently leads to a drop in pressure in the system.
  • the continuously determined pressure is compared to a first threshold value. If the first threshold value is exceeded, the heat supply to the boiler system is reduced.
  • a second threshold is provided. If the continuously determined pressure exceeds the second threshold value, the supply of heat to the boiler system is switched off immediately.
  • both the first threshold value and the second threshold value below the pressure which leads to damage to the boiler system must be selected.
  • both the first and the second should Threshold is below the pressure that triggers the overpressure safety valve.
  • the first threshold value should be chosen to be smaller than the second threshold value. Therefore, if the first threshold is provided, only the supply of heat to the boiler system is reduced, whereas if the second threshold is exceeded, the supply of heat to the boiler system is switched off.
  • the monitoring device to be provided for this in the boiler system can monitor only one of the two threshold values or both threshold values simultaneously.
  • threshold values For example, five threshold values can be provided, the first and fifth threshold values being comparable to the above-mentioned first and second threshold values, whereas exceeding the three intermediate threshold values only leads to a correspondingly graduated reduction in the heat supply.
  • this monitoring can also be carried out on the basis of the current pressure rise above the system temperature.
  • the current pressure increase can be based on two or more pressure values and temperature values determined successively in time are determined.
  • a predetermined pressure increase per temperature unit can be used as the threshold value for the current pressure increase.
  • a continuously determined pressure can be viewed as either a continuously determined pressure or a pressure which is determined in predetermined, successive time periods.
  • threshold values can also be provided when monitoring the boiler system on the basis of the current pressure increase.
  • a further increase in the safety of the boiler system results if one or more threshold values for the continuously determined pressure and one or more threshold values for the current pressure increase are monitored simultaneously.
  • the system proposed provides a warning signal.
  • the warning signal is emitted in any case when there is an intervention in the supply of heat to the boiler system on the basis of a continuously determined pressure or on the basis of the current pressure increase.
  • This warning signal can of course be optical or acoustic, or can be sent to a remote control center in any form.
  • the operator of the boiler system then knows that the system has a fault and can initiate appropriate checking measures.
  • the proposed boiler system includes a monitoring device that includes a pressure sensor for determining the pressure of the water in the boiler system.
  • This pressure sensor can in principle be provided at any point in the water cycle.
  • the monitoring device comprises a computing device for regulating the supply of heat to the boiler system taking into account the continuously determined pressure.
  • This computing device and also the monitoring device can of course be part of the otherwise existing control system of the boiler system, in which the supply of heat is based on the target temperature and the actual temperature of the water in the water circuit of the boiler system is regulated.
  • the proposed boiler system also includes an overpressure safety valve.
  • this overpressure safety valve can also be omitted. This is particularly the case if the monitoring device described above is designed with such a certainty that it exceeds the safety of the overpressure safety valve.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
  • Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)

Abstract

The water pressure within the boiler system is measured continuously, and heat is supplied dependent upon pressure. The pressure is compared to a first thresh hold value, and supply of heat is reduced when this value has been exceeded. When a second thresh hold value has been exceeded, heat supply is switched-off completely, and a warning signal is issued. A boiler system monitoring device has a pressure sensor, a computer to calculate heat supply, and an excess pressure safety valve.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zum Überwachen eines Boilersystems für Wasser sowie auf eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens.The invention relates to a method for monitoring a boiler system for water and to an apparatus for performing the method.

Boilersysteme mit einem Wasserkreislauf umfassen häufig ein Überdruck-Sicherheitsventil sowie einen Druckausgleichsbehälter. Eine Fehlfunktion im Druckausgleichsbehälter kann bei solchen Systemen zu einem Anstieg des Wasserdrucks führen. Dann wirkt in Boilersystemen dieser Art das Überdruck-Sicherheitsventil, durch das ein zu großer Überdruck schnell abgebaut werden kann, wodurch ein Bersten des Wasserkreislaufs des Boilersystems verhindert werden kann.Boiler systems with a water circuit often include an overpressure safety valve and a surge tank. A malfunction in the surge tank can result in an increase in water pressure in such systems. Then the overpressure safety valve acts in boiler systems of this type, by means of which an excessively high excess pressure can be quickly released, whereby the bursting of the water circuit of the boiler system can be prevented.

Jedoch haben Überdruck-Sicherheitsventile dieser Art häufig den Nachteil, dass sie nach einmaliger Auslösung zum Tropfen neigen.However, overpressure safety valves of this type often have the disadvantage that they tend to drip after being triggered once.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es nun, die bekannten Verfahren zum Überwachen eines Boilersystems zu verbessern.The object of the invention is now to improve the known methods for monitoring a boiler system.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by a method having the features of patent claim 1.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird demzufolge fortlaufend der Druck des Wassers im Boilersystem ermittelt und die Zufuhr von Wärme zu dem Boilersystem unter Berücksichtigung des fortlaufend ermittelten Drucks vorgenommen.In the method according to the invention, the pressure of the water in the boiler system is consequently continuously determined and the supply of heat to the boiler system is carried out taking into account the continuously determined pressure.

Üblicherweise wird die Zufuhr von Wärme zu einem Boilersystem anhand der Temperatur des Wassers geregelt. Im Allgemeinen geht ein Überdruck des Wassers auch mit einem entsprechenden Anstieg der Temperatur einher, so dass grundsätzlich auch auf der Grundlage der Temperatur des Wassers ein zu hoher Druckanstieg im Boilersystem vermieden werden kann. Eine zuverlässige Ermittlung eines Überdrucks ist auf der Grundlage der Temperatur nicht möglich. Die Berücksichtigung des fortlaufend ermittelten Drucks bei der Zufuhr von Wärme zu dem Boilersystem erlaubt dagegen eine sichere Reaktion im Fall eines Auftretens einer Fehlfunktion im Boilersystem, die mit einem Überdruck einhergeht.The supply of heat to a boiler system is usually regulated based on the temperature of the water. In general, an overpressure of the water also goes hand in hand with a corresponding rise in temperature, so that in principle also on the basis of the temperature of the water a too high pressure rise in the boiler system can be avoided. A reliable determination of an overpressure based on the temperature is not possible. The consideration of the continuously determined pressure when supplying heat to the boiler system, on the other hand, allows a reliable reaction in the event of a malfunction occurring in the boiler system, which is accompanied by excess pressure.

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.Advantageous developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

Der fortlaufend ermittelte Druck wird vorteilhafterweise mit einem Schwellenwert verglichen. Erst bei Überschreiten des Schwellenwertes erfolgt ein Eingriff in die Zufuhr von Wärme zu dem Boilersystem. Unterhalb des Schwellenwertes erfolgt die Regelung der Wärmezufuhr ausschließlich entsprechend der Differenz zwischen Ist- und Solltemperatur.The continuously determined pressure is advantageously compared to a threshold value. Only when the threshold value is exceeded is there an intervention in the supply of heat to the boiler system. Below the threshold, the heat supply is regulated exclusively according to the difference between the actual and target temperature.

Dabei kann ein erster Schwellenwert derart gewählt werden, dass der Eingriff in die Zufuhr von Wärme zu dem Boilersystem lediglich verringert werden muss.A first threshold value can be selected such that the intervention in the supply of heat to the boiler system only has to be reduced.

Alternativ hierzu kann aber auch ein Schwellenwert zum Vergleich herangezogen werden, der so hoch liegt, dass statt einer Verringerung der Wärmezufuhr deren Abschaltung erforderlich wird.Alternatively, a threshold value can be used for comparison, which is so high that it is necessary to switch off the heat supply instead of reducing it.

Auch kann ein Vergleich des ermittelten Drucks mit beiden Schwellenwerten gleichzeitig stattfinden, und je nach Vergleichsergebnis eine abgestufte Reaktion erfolgen.A comparison of the pressure determined with both threshold values can also take place simultaneously, and a graded reaction can take place depending on the comparison result.

Eine alternative Methode zur Detektion einer Fehlfunktion im Boilersystem kann darin bestehen, statt des fortlaufend ermittelten Drucks den aktuellen Druckanstieg zu ermitteln. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass in einigen Fällen bereits auf die Fehlfunktion reagiert werden kann, bevor der eigentliche Schwellenwert überschritten wird. In einigen Fällen kann aus dieser Vorgehensweise daher eine noch schnellere Reaktion auf eine Fehlfunktion im zu überwachenden Boilersystem ermöglicht werden.An alternative method for detecting a malfunction in the boiler system can be to determine the current pressure rise instead of the continuously determined pressure. This has the advantage that in some cases it is already on the malfunction can be responded to before the actual threshold is exceeded. In some cases, this procedure can therefore enable an even faster reaction to a malfunction in the boiler system to be monitored.

Selbstverständlich sind auch bei Überwachung des aktuellen Druckanstiegs wieder der Vergleich mit nur einem ersten Schwellenwert, der die Grenze für eine Verringerung der Wärmezufuhr, nur mit einem zweiten Schwellenwert, der die Grenze für die Abschaltung der Zufuhr von Wärme zu dem Boilersystem markiert oder gleichzeitig mit beiden Schwellenwerten möglich.Of course, even when monitoring the current pressure rise, the comparison with only a first threshold value, which is the limit for a reduction in the heat supply, is only with a second threshold value, which marks the limit for switching off the supply of heat to the boiler system, or simultaneously with both Threshold values possible.

Weiter vorteilhaft ist darüber hinaus auch die gleichzeitige Überprüfung des fortlaufend ermittelten Drucks und des aktuellen Druckanstiegs, ggf. jeweils anhand mehrerer Schwellenwerte.Another advantage is also the simultaneous checking of the continuously determined pressure and the current pressure rise, if necessary in each case using a plurality of threshold values.

Schließlich kann es desweiteren noch von Vorteil sein, wenn sofort dann ein Warnsignal erzeugt wird, wenn die Einstellung der Wärmezufuhr unter Berücksichtigung des fortlaufend ermittelten Drucks erfolgt, unabhängig davon, ob dabei der fortlaufend ermittelte Druck direkt oder der aktuelle Druckanstieg herangezogen wird, und auch unabhängig davon, ob der erste oder der zweite Schwellenwert überschritten wird. Anhand dieses Warnsignals kann der Betreiber des Boilersystems dann das Boilersystem schnellstmöglich überprüfen lassen.Finally, it can also be advantageous if a warning signal is generated immediately when the heat supply is set taking into account the continuously determined pressure, regardless of whether the continuously determined pressure is used directly or the current pressure increase, and also independently whether the first or the second threshold is exceeded. On the basis of this warning signal, the operator of the boiler system can then have the boiler system checked as quickly as possible.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment.

Das Verfahren ist anwendbar auf jedes Boilersystem für Flüssigkeiten, vorzugsweise Wasser. Als Boilersystem wird in diesem Zusammenhang ein System zur Erwärmung und Aufbewahrung von Wasser verstanden. Ein solches System ist beispielsweise in einer Zentralheizung realisiert. Diese umfasst einen Wasserbehälter, der über ein Rohrsystem mit einer Mehrzahl von Heizkörpern oder Heizelementen verbunden ist. Das in diesem System befindliche Wasser wird im Allgemeinen mittels einer Pumpe vom Boiler zu den Heizelementen geführt und von dort zurück zum Boiler. Der Boiler wird beispielsweise über einen eigenen Wasserkreis oder direkt mit Strom, Gas oder Öl beheizt.The method is applicable to any boiler system for liquids, preferably water. As a boiler system in this context understood a system for heating and storing water. Such a system is implemented, for example, in a central heating system. This comprises a water tank which is connected to a plurality of radiators or heating elements via a pipe system. The water in this system is generally pumped from the boiler to the heating elements and from there back to the boiler. The boiler is heated, for example, via its own water circuit or directly with electricity, gas or oil.

In einem solchen System ist im Allgemeinen ein Druckausgleichsbehälter vorgesehen. Desweiteren umfasst ein solches System üblicherweise ein Überdruck-Sicherheitsventil. Hierdurch wird verhindert, dass sich der Wasserkreislauf infolge von Überdruck an einer unvorhersehbaren Stelle öffnet, beispielsweise dadurch, dass ein Element des Systems platzt oder eine Naht oder eine Übergangsstelle undicht wird. Erfolgt ein solcher Vorfall in dem Mauerwerk des Gebäudes, in dem das Boilersystem eingebaut ist, könnte dies zu einer erheblichen Beschädigung des Gebäudes führen.In such a system, a surge tank is generally provided. Furthermore, such a system usually includes an overpressure safety valve. This prevents the water cycle from opening at an unpredictable point as a result of overpressure, for example by an element of the system bursting or a seam or a transition point becoming leaky. If such an incident occurs in the masonry of the building in which the boiler system is installed, this could lead to considerable damage to the building.

Aus diesem Grund ist ein Überdruck-Sicherheitsventil vorgesehen, das derart ausgelegt ist, dass es bei einem gefährlichen Überdruck öffnet, um ein Bersten des Systems zu vermeiden. Üblicherweise ist unterhalb eines solchen Überdruckventils bereits ein Ablauf vorgesehen, so dass eine Öffnung des Überdruckventils keine Schäden nach sich zieht. Das Überdruck-Sicherheitsventil wird dabei im Allgemeinen so ausgelegt, dass der Überdruck, bei dem es auslöst, unterhalb dem für die Anlage gefährlichen Überdruck bzw. dem Berstdruck liegt.For this reason, an overpressure safety valve is provided which is designed in such a way that it opens in the event of a dangerous overpressure in order to prevent the system from bursting. Usually, an outlet is already provided below such a pressure relief valve, so that opening the pressure relief valve does not cause any damage. The overpressure safety valve is generally designed so that the overpressure at which it triggers is below the overpressure or the bursting pressure that is dangerous for the system.

Im Allgemeinen tritt in einem Boilersystem kein für das System gefährlicher Druck auf. Deswegen sind Überdruck-Sicherheitsventile häufig mehrere Jahre unbenutzt. Wie ein solches, über einen langen Zeitraum unbenutztes Überdruck-Sicherheitsventil bei Auftreten eines Überdrucks reagiert, ist jedoch verhältnismäßig unsicher. Auch neigen Überdruck-Sicherheitsventile dazu, nach einer erstmaligen Auslösung dann beständig vor sich hin zu tropfen, was in der Folge zu einem Druckabfall in dem System führt.In general, there is no pressure that is dangerous for the system in a boiler system. That is why overpressure safety valves often unused for several years. How such an overpressure safety valve, which has not been used for a long period of time, reacts when overpressure occurs, is relatively unsafe. Overpressure safety valves also tend to drip continuously after initial triggering, which subsequently leads to a drop in pressure in the system.

Aus diesem Grund wird vorgeschlagen, das Boilersystem durch eine fortlaufende Ermittlung des Drucks des Wassers in dem Boilersystem zu überwachen und dabei die Zufuhr von Wärme zu dem Boilersystem unter Berücksichtigung des fortlaufend ermittelten Drucks vorzunehmen. Das Überwachungsverfahren funktioniert dabei dergestalt, dass die Zufuhr von Wärme zu dem Boilersystem so lange völlig unbeeinflusst von dem fortlaufend ermittelten Druck erfolgt, solange dieser unter einem nachfolgend näher zu beschreibenden Schwellenwert bleibt. Erst bei Überschreitung eines solchen Schwellenwertes wird dann in die Wärmezufuhr eingegriffen, um negative Auswirkungen auf das Boilersystem zu verhindern.For this reason, it is proposed to monitor the boiler system by continuously determining the pressure of the water in the boiler system and in doing so to supply heat to the boiler system taking into account the continuously determined pressure. The monitoring method functions in such a way that the supply of heat to the boiler system is completely unaffected by the continuously determined pressure, as long as it remains below a threshold value to be described in more detail below. Only when such a threshold value is exceeded is the heat supply intervened in order to prevent negative effects on the boiler system.

Dabei wird der fortlaufend ermittelte Druck mit einem ersten Schwellenwert verglichen. Bei Überschreiten des ersten Schwellenwerts erfolgt eine Verringerung der Wärmezufuhr zu dem Boilersystem.The continuously determined pressure is compared to a first threshold value. If the first threshold value is exceeded, the heat supply to the boiler system is reduced.

Darüber hinaus ist ein zweiter Schwellenwert vorgesehen. Übersteigt der fortlaufend ermittelte Druck den zweiten Schwellenwert, wird die Zufuhr von Wärme zu dem Boilersystem sofort abgeschaltet.In addition, a second threshold is provided. If the continuously determined pressure exceeds the second threshold value, the supply of heat to the boiler system is switched off immediately.

Selbstverständlich sind sowohl der erste Schwellenwert als auch der zweite Schwellenwert unterhalb des Drucks zu wählen, der zu einer Beschädigung des Boilersystems führt. Gleichzeitig sollte sowohl der erste als auch der zweite Schwellenwert unter dem Druck liegen, der zur Auslösung des Überdruck-Sicherheitsventils führt.Of course, both the first threshold value and the second threshold value below the pressure which leads to damage to the boiler system must be selected. At the same time, both the first and the second should Threshold is below the pressure that triggers the overpressure safety valve.

Selbstverständlich ist der erste Schwellenwert kleiner als der zweite Schwellenwert zu wählen. Deshalb wird bei Vorsehung des ersten Schwellenwerts lediglich die Zufuhr von Wärme zu dem Boilersystem verringert, wohingegen bei Überschreiten des zweiten Schwellenwerts die Zufuhr von Wärme zu dem Boilersystem abgeschaltet wird.Of course, the first threshold value should be chosen to be smaller than the second threshold value. Therefore, if the first threshold is provided, only the supply of heat to the boiler system is reduced, whereas if the second threshold is exceeded, the supply of heat to the boiler system is switched off.

Beide Schwellenwerte liegen jedoch über dem normalen Betriebsdruck des Boilersystems und werden nicht überschritten, solange die Anlage fehlerfrei arbeitet.However, both threshold values are above the normal operating pressure of the boiler system and are not exceeded as long as the system is working properly.

Durch diese Maßnahmen kann sowohl eine Beschädigung des Boilersystems als auch ein Auslösen des Überdruck-Sicherheitsventils sicher vermieden werden.These measures can reliably prevent damage to the boiler system as well as triggering of the overpressure safety valve.

Die bei dem Boilersystem hierfür vorzusehende Überwachungseinrichtung kann dabei nur einen der beiden Schwellenwerte, oder aber beide Schwellenwerte gleichzeitig überwachen.The monitoring device to be provided for this in the boiler system can monitor only one of the two threshold values or both threshold values simultaneously.

Gleichzeitig kann selbstverständlich vorgesehen sein, eine feinere Abstufung von Schwellenwerten vorzunehmen. Beispielsweise können fünf Schwellenwerte vorgesehen sein, wobei der erste und der fünfte Schwellenwert mit dem oben genannten ersten und zweiten Schwellenwert vergleichbar sind, wohingegen eine Überschreitung der drei dazwischen liegenden Schwellenwerte jeweils nur zu einer entsprechend abgestuften Verringerung der Wärmezufuhr führt.At the same time, it is of course possible to provide a finer gradation of threshold values. For example, five threshold values can be provided, the first and fifth threshold values being comparable to the above-mentioned first and second threshold values, whereas exceeding the three intermediate threshold values only leads to a correspondingly graduated reduction in the heat supply.

Alternativ zu dem oben beschriebenen System kann diese Überwachung auch auf der Grundlage des aktuellen Druckanstiegs über die Systemtemperatur vorgenommen werden. Der aktuelle Druckanstieg kann dabei auf der Grundlage von zwei oder mehr zeitlich aufeinanderfolgend ermittelten Druckwerten und Temperaturwerten ermittelt werden.As an alternative to the system described above, this monitoring can also be carried out on the basis of the current pressure rise above the system temperature. The current pressure increase can be based on two or more pressure values and temperature values determined successively in time are determined.

In der Praxis kann als Schwellenwert für den aktuellen Druckanstieg beispielsweise ein vorbestimmter Druckanstieg pro Temperatureinheit verwendet werden.In practice, for example, a predetermined pressure increase per temperature unit can be used as the threshold value for the current pressure increase.

Unter einem fortlaufend ermittelten Druck kann in diesem Zusammenhang ein entweder kontinuierlich ermittelter Druck oder aber ein Druck angesehen werden, der in vorbestimmten, aufeinanderfolgenden Zeitabschnitten ermittelt wird.In this context, a continuously determined pressure can be viewed as either a continuously determined pressure or a pressure which is determined in predetermined, successive time periods.

Selbstverständlich kann auch bei Überwachung des Boilersystems auf der Grundlage des aktuellen Druckanstiegs eine größere Anzahl von Schwellenwerten vorgesehen sein.Of course, a larger number of threshold values can also be provided when monitoring the boiler system on the basis of the current pressure increase.

Eine weitere Erhöhung der Sicherheit des Boilersystems ergibt sich, wenn gleichzeitig einer oder mehrere Schwellenwerte für den fortlaufend ermittelten Druck und einer oder mehrere Schwellenwerte für den aktuellen Druckanstieg überwacht werden.A further increase in the safety of the boiler system results if one or more threshold values for the continuously determined pressure and one or more threshold values for the current pressure increase are monitored simultaneously.

Zur weiteren Sicherheit des Betreibers des Boilersystems ist bei dem vorgeschlagenen System vorgesehen, ein Warnsignal abzugeben. Die Abgabe des Warnsignals erfolgt in jedem Fall dann, wenn aufgrund eines fortlaufend ermittelten Druckes oder aber auf der Grundlage des aktuellen Druckanstieges in die Zufuhr von Wärme zu dem Boilersystem eingegriffen wird.For further safety of the operator of the boiler system, the system proposed provides a warning signal. The warning signal is emitted in any case when there is an intervention in the supply of heat to the boiler system on the basis of a continuously determined pressure or on the basis of the current pressure increase.

Dieses Warnsignal kann selbstverständlich optisch oder akustisch sein, oder an eine entfernte Zentrale in beliebiger Form gesendet werden. Der Betreiber des Boilersystems weiß dann, dass das System einen Fehler aufweist und kann entsprechende Überprüfungsmaßnahmen einleiten.This warning signal can of course be optical or acoustic, or can be sent to a remote control center in any form. The operator of the boiler system then knows that the system has a fault and can initiate appropriate checking measures.

Das vorgeschlagene Boilersystem umfasst eine Überwachungseinrichtung, die einen Drucksensor zur Ermittlung des Druckes des Wassers in dem Boilersystem umfasst. Dieser Drucksensor kann grundsätzlich an einer beliebigen Stelle des Wasserkreislaufs vorgesehen sein.The proposed boiler system includes a monitoring device that includes a pressure sensor for determining the pressure of the water in the boiler system. This pressure sensor can in principle be provided at any point in the water cycle.

Darüber hinaus umfasst die Überwachungseinrichtung eine Recheneinrichtung zur Regelung der Zufuhr von Wärme zu dem Boilersystem unter Berücksichtigung des fortlaufend ermittelten Drucks. Diese Recheneinrichtung und auch die Überwachungseinrichtung kann dabei selbstverständlich Bestandteil des ansonsten bestehenden Regelsystems des Boilersystems sein, bei dem die Zufuhr von Wärme auf der Grundlage der Solltemperatur und der Isttemperatur des Wassers im Wasserkreislauf des Boilersystems geregelt wird.In addition, the monitoring device comprises a computing device for regulating the supply of heat to the boiler system taking into account the continuously determined pressure. This computing device and also the monitoring device can of course be part of the otherwise existing control system of the boiler system, in which the supply of heat is based on the target temperature and the actual temperature of the water in the water circuit of the boiler system is regulated.

Das vorgeschlagene Boilersystem umfasst desweiteren ein Überdruck-Sicherheitsventil. Je nach Auslegung der oben beschriebenen Überwachungseinrichtung kann dieses Überdruck-Sicherheitsventil aber auch wegfallen. Dies ist insbesondere dann der Fall, wenn die oben beschriebene Überwachungseinrichtung mit einer solchen Sicherheit ausgelegt ist, dass sie die Sicherheit des Überdruck-Sicherheitsventils übersteigt.The proposed boiler system also includes an overpressure safety valve. Depending on the design of the monitoring device described above, this overpressure safety valve can also be omitted. This is particularly the case if the monitoring device described above is designed with such a certainty that it exceeds the safety of the overpressure safety valve.

Claims (10)

Verfahren zum Überwachen eines Boilersystems für Wasser, bei dem
   der Druck des Wassers in dem Boilersystem fortlaufend ermittelt wird und
   die Zufuhr von Wärme zu dem Boilersystem unter Berücksichtigung des fortlaufend ermittelten Druckes erfolgt.Method for monitoring a boiler system for water, in which
the pressure of the water in the boiler system is continuously determined and
the supply of heat to the boiler system takes into account the continuously determined pressure. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
   dass der fortlaufend ermittelte Druck mit einem ersten Schwellenwert verglichen wird, und
   dass bei Überschreiten des ersten Schwellenwertes die Zufuhr von Wärme zu dem Boilersystem verringert wird.A method according to claim 1, characterized in
that the continuously determined pressure is compared to a first threshold value, and
that the supply of heat to the boiler system is reduced when the first threshold value is exceeded. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
   dass der fortlaufend ermittelte Druck mit einem zweiten Schwellenwert verglichen wird, und
   dass bei Überschreiten des zweiten Schwellenwertes die Zufuhr von Wärme zu dem Boilersystem abgeschaltet wird.A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that
that the continuously determined pressure is compared to a second threshold value, and
that the supply of heat to the boiler system is switched off when the second threshold value is exceeded. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
   dass auf der Grundlage des fortlaufend ermittelten Druckes der aktuelle Druckanstieg bezogen auf die Temperatur ermittelt wird.A method according to claim 1, characterized in
that the current pressure rise in relation to the temperature is determined on the basis of the continuously determined pressure. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
   dass der aktuelle Druckanstieg mit einem ersten Schwellenwert verglichen wird, und
   dass bei Überschreiten des ersten Schwellenwertes die Zufuhr von Wärme zu dem Boilersystem verringert wird.A method according to claim 4, characterized in
that the current pressure increase is compared to a first threshold value, and
that the supply of heat to the boiler system is reduced when the first threshold value is exceeded. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
   dass der aktuelle Druckanstieg mit einem zweiten Schwellenwert verglichen wird, und
   dass bei Überschreiten das zweiten Schwellenwertes die Zufuhr von Wärme zu dem Boilersystem abgeschaltet wird.A method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that
that the current pressure increase is compared to a second threshold value, and
that if the second threshold value is exceeded, the supply of heat to the boiler system is switched off. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
   dass ein Warnsignal abgegeben wird, wenn die Berücksichtigung des fortlaufend ermittelten Drucks zu einer Einstellung der Zufuhr von Wärme zu dem Boilersystem führt.Device according to claim 1, characterized in
that a warning signal is given if the consideration of the continuously determined pressure leads to an adjustment of the supply of heat to the boiler system. Boilersystem mit einer Überwachungseinrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Überwachungseinrichtung einen Drucksensor zum Ermitteln des Druckes des Wassers in dem Boilersystem und eine Recheneinrichtung zur Regelung der Zufuhr von Wärme zu dem Boilersystem unter Berücksichtigung des fortlaufend ermittelten Druckes umfasst.Boiler system with a monitoring device for carrying out the method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the monitoring device comprises a pressure sensor for determining the pressure of the water in the boiler system and a computing device for regulating the supply of heat to the boiler system taking into account the continuously determined pressure. Boilersystem nach Anspruch 8, gekennzeichnet durch ein Überdruck-Sicherheitsventil.Boiler system according to claim 8, characterized by an overpressure safety valve. Boilersystem nach Anspruch 8 oder 9, gekennzeichnet durch eine Heizeinrichtung zur Zufuhr von Wärme zu dem Boilersystem nach Maßgabe der Überwachungseinrichtung.Boiler system according to claim 8 or 9, characterized by a heating device for supplying heat to the boiler system in accordance with the monitoring device.
EP04006849A 2003-03-21 2004-03-22 Method for monitoring a water boiler system and apparatus for carrying out the method Withdrawn EP1460355A1 (en)

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DE10312667A DE10312667A1 (en) 2003-03-21 2003-03-21 Method for monitoring a boiler system for water and device for carrying out the method

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