EP1457645A1 - Valve gear for an internal-combustion engine - Google Patents

Valve gear for an internal-combustion engine Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP1457645A1
EP1457645A1 EP04003090A EP04003090A EP1457645A1 EP 1457645 A1 EP1457645 A1 EP 1457645A1 EP 04003090 A EP04003090 A EP 04003090A EP 04003090 A EP04003090 A EP 04003090A EP 1457645 A1 EP1457645 A1 EP 1457645A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
crankshaft angle
stroke
local
stroke curve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP04003090A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1457645B1 (en
Inventor
Till Dr. Scheffler
Horst Dr. Kellerer
Axel Knaut
Rudolf Dr. Seethaler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Original Assignee
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bayerische Motoren Werke AG filed Critical Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Publication of EP1457645A1 publication Critical patent/EP1457645A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1457645B1 publication Critical patent/EP1457645B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/08—Shape of cams
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
    • F01L9/22—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means actuated by rotary motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
    • F01L9/21—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means actuated by solenoids
    • F01L2009/2125—Shaft and armature construction
    • F01L2009/2126—Arrangements for amplifying the armature stroke
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
    • F01L9/21—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means actuated by solenoids
    • F01L2009/2132—Biasing means
    • F01L2009/2134—Helical springs
    • F01L2009/2136—Two opposed springs for intermediate resting position of the armature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2201/00—Electronic control systems; Apparatus or methods therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrically controlled valve train for a Internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the camshaft is mechanically over a timing chain or timing belt driven by the crankshaft.
  • Valves of the individual cylinders but at least the intake valves and the To individually control the exhaust valves of the individual cylinders.
  • actuator unit This is possible with an electromagnetic valve train. This is every valve or each valve group of a cylinder is assigned an "actuator unit".
  • first type are an opening and a valve or a valve group Lock magnet assigned.
  • the valves can be energized by the solenoids be axially displaced, i.e. be opened or closed.
  • Valve drives are difficult to control in terms of control technology.
  • another type is a valve group or a valve group which can be pivoted back and forth Assigned actuation cams.
  • the actuation cam is activated by a electric swivel motor pivoted to support.
  • the object of the invention is an electric valve train with a swivel actuator and to create a control electronics that the best possible adaptation of the Opening / closing behavior to the current operating state of the Internal combustion engine allows.
  • the invention is based on a valve train with a swivel actuator which an electric motor or by another actuator, e.g. a hydraulic Actuator is operated.
  • the swivel actuator is for actuating one or more Valves provided.
  • the essence of the invention is control electronics for Control of the electric motor.
  • the electric motor or the cam is driven by the Control electronics controlled so that the valve according to one Stroke curve moves that optimally the current operating state of the engine, in particular adapted to the thermodynamic conditions in the engine is.
  • the valve runs through according to the control of the electric motor Control electronics one between an opening crank angle and one Closing crank angle lying stroke curve, which depends on current operating state of the internal combustion engine from the electronics a saved family of stroke curves selected or dependent from the current operating state according to a predetermined one "Educational regulation" is formed.
  • the one to be traversed by the valve Stroke curve is dependent on the current operating state of the Internal combustion engine can be modified by the control logic such that the position of the Center of gravity of the area under the stroke curve in relation to the Crankshaft angle is changeable without the Opening crankshaft angle or closing crankshaft angle can be shifted got to.
  • Control electronics can either be a family of such stroke curves can be stored or, alternatively, according to a predetermined Control logic depending on a large number of current operating parameters of the Internal combustion engine can be "created" a currently optimal stroke.
  • Different stroke curve curves can preferably be generated with the control electronics, that differ from each other in a variety of properties can.
  • Individual stroke curves can differ, for example distinguish their number of local and global extremes.
  • stroke curves can are generated, which differ in terms of their opening and / or Distinguish closing gradients.
  • stroke curves can be generated, which differ in terms of their opening and / or Distinguish closing gradients.
  • stroke curves are generated, which are related distinguish their opening and / or closing crankshaft angle.
  • Can also Stroke curves with different opening strokes are generated, etc.
  • different stroke curve curves can be generated Form with regard to the location of their centroids in relation to the Distinguish crankshaft angles, i.e. regarding the location of the center of gravity of the Areas under the respective stroke curve. Stroke curves can by appropriate control of the electric motor can be modified, and indeed without a shift in the opening and closing crankshaft angle.
  • FIG. 1 shows a valve train 1 with a valve 2, which is shown here only schematically shown valve spring 3 is pressed “up” in its closed position. To open the valve 2, it must move against the spring force of the valve spring 3 be pressed down.
  • a valve lever 4 is provided, which by a Cam 5 can be pressed down.
  • the cam 5 is pivotable about one Pivot axis 6 mounted in the engine.
  • the cam 5 has two cam flanks here on, namely a so-called high dynamic edge 7 and a low dynamic edge 8.
  • a pin 9 is provided on the cam 5, against which an actuator spring 10 suppressed.
  • the high dynamic edge 7 and the low dynamic edge 8 are each different Operating states of the engine assigned, which is not discussed here is to be received.
  • the valve 2 can be opened via the valve lever 4 by the cam 5 is turned clockwise or counterclockwise. at clockwise rotation, the valve 2 is driven by the high dynamic edge 7 open. When turning counterclockwise, the valve is replaced by the Low dynamic edge 8 opened.
  • An electric motor is used to turn the cam in one direction or the other (not shown) provided with which the cam in one or in the other direction can be pivoted.
  • valve 2 with the low dynamic edge of the Cam 5 can be targeted to the by controlling the electric motor
  • the course of the stroke curve of valve 2 can be influenced. Alone through the Control of the electric motor can be almost any number of different Stroke curves are generated.
  • the electric motor is controlled that the stroke curve is as optimal as possible to the current operating condition of the engine, especially the thermodynamic conditions is matched in the engine. This allows charge changes, mixture preparation, Acoustics, consumption and emissions of the internal combustion engine can be optimized.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show examples of different possible stroke profiles for an inlet valve.
  • FIG. 2 shows a stroke course for an intake valve, with which good mixture formation can be achieved with a warm engine and low engine load.
  • the valve opens at crankshaft angle E01. This is followed by an increase, described by the crankshaft angle difference EO_F, to a global maximum.
  • the valve expressed in degrees crankshaft angle, holds the crankshaft angle E stroke 1.
  • the valve is then partially closed again, ie the valve stroke drops to a local extremum E stroke 2, which is achieved with ES1.
  • the transition is described by the crankshaft difference ES_F.
  • the valve is then closed. With the crankshaft angle ES2, the valve is then completely closed.
  • FIG. 3 shows a stroke curve for an intake valve, which is expediently activated when the engine is cold in order to keep the formation of hydrocarbons as low as possible, ie in the first 20 seconds after the cold start.
  • the inlet valve is partially opened here when the crankshaft angle EO2 is reached, ie there is an increase to a local extremum.
  • the inlet valve is then kept partially open for the duration E stroke 2.
  • the inlet valve is kept open for the duration E stroke 1.
  • the stroke curve then drops.
  • the inlet valve can either be completely closed, which is then achieved in ES1, or initially partially, which corresponds to the local extremum shown in dashed lines.
  • the inlet valve is then closed again at the latest at time ES2.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)

Abstract

The valve opens a certain crankshaft angle (E01). A build-up described by a crankshaft angle difference (EOF) adds onto a global maximum. In this position, the valve is kept pressed out at a degree of crankshaft angle (EHub1). After this, the valve is partly closed again, i.e. the valve stroke drops to a local 'extremum' (EHub2) reached at a specific point (ES1).

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen elektrisch gesteuerten Ventiltrieb für einen Verbrennungsmotor gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1.The present invention relates to an electrically controlled valve train for a Internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.

Bei herkömmlichen Verbrennungsmotoren wird die Nockenwelle mechanisch über eine Steuerkette oder einen Steuerriemen von der Kurbelwelle angetrieben. Zur Steigerung der Motorleistung, zur Senkung des Spritverbrauchs, zur Beeinflussung der Emissionen und zur Verbesserung der Motorakustik ist es von Vorteil, die Ventile der einzelnen Zylinder, zumindest aber die Einlassventile und die Auslassventile der einzelnen Zylinder individuell anzusteuern.In conventional internal combustion engines, the camshaft is mechanically over a timing chain or timing belt driven by the crankshaft. to Increase in engine performance, to reduce fuel consumption, to influence of emissions and to improve engine acoustics, it is beneficial that Valves of the individual cylinders, but at least the intake valves and the To individually control the exhaust valves of the individual cylinders.

Dies ist durch einen elektromagnetischen Ventiltrieb möglich. Hierzu ist jedem Ventil bzw. jeder Ventilgruppe eines Zylinders eine "Aktuatoreinheit" zugeordnet. Derzeit werden zwei unterschiedliche Grundtypen von Aktuatoreinheiten erforscht. Bei dem ersten Typ sind einem Ventil oder einer Ventilgruppe ein Öffnungs- und Schließmagnet zugeordnet. Durch Bestromen der Magneten können die Ventile axial verschoben werden, d.h. geöffnet bzw. geschlossen werden. Derartige Ventiltriebe sind jedoch regelungstechnisch nur schwer beherrschbar. Bei dem anderen Typ ist einem Ventil- bzw. einer Ventilgruppe ein hin- und herschwenkbarer Betätigungsnocken zugeordnet. Der Betätigungsnocken wird dabei durch einen elektrischen Schwenkmotor unterstützend verschwenkt. This is possible with an electromagnetic valve train. This is every valve or each valve group of a cylinder is assigned an "actuator unit". Currently two different basic types of actuator units are researched. In which first type are an opening and a valve or a valve group Lock magnet assigned. The valves can be energized by the solenoids be axially displaced, i.e. be opened or closed. such Valve drives, however, are difficult to control in terms of control technology. In which another type is a valve group or a valve group which can be pivoted back and forth Assigned actuation cams. The actuation cam is activated by a electric swivel motor pivoted to support.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, einen elektrischen Ventiltrieb mit einem Schwenkaktor und einer Steuerelektronik zu schaffen, der eine möglichst gute Anpassung des Öffnungs-/Schließverhaltens an den momentanen Betriebszustand des Verbrennungsmotors ermöglicht.The object of the invention is an electric valve train with a swivel actuator and to create a control electronics that the best possible adaptation of the Opening / closing behavior to the current operating state of the Internal combustion engine allows.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruches 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind den Unteransprüchen zu entnehmen.This object is solved by the features of claim 1. advantageous Refinements and developments of the invention are in the subclaims remove.

Die Erfindung geht von einem Ventiltrieb mit einem Schwenkaktor aus, der durch einen Elektromotor oder durch ein anderes Stellglied, wie z.B. ein hydraulisches Stellglied betätigt wird. Der Schwenkaktor ist zur Betätigung eines oder mehrerer Ventile vorgesehen. Der Kern der Erfindung besteht in einer Steuerelektronik zur Ansteuerung des Elektromotors. Der Elektromotor bzw. der Nocken wird durch die Steuerelektronik so angesteuert, dass sich das Ventil gemäß einer Hubverlaufskurve bewegt, die möglichst optimal dem momentanen Betriebszustand des Motors, insbesondere den thermodynamischen Verhältnissen im Motor angepasst ist.The invention is based on a valve train with a swivel actuator which an electric motor or by another actuator, e.g. a hydraulic Actuator is operated. The swivel actuator is for actuating one or more Valves provided. The essence of the invention is control electronics for Control of the electric motor. The electric motor or the cam is driven by the Control electronics controlled so that the valve according to one Stroke curve moves that optimally the current operating state of the engine, in particular adapted to the thermodynamic conditions in the engine is.

Das Ventil durchläuft entsprechend der Ansteuerung des Elektromotors durch die Steuerelektronik eine zwischen einem Öffnungskurbelwinkel und einem Schließkurbelwinkel liegende Hubverlaufskurve, die in Abhängigkeit vom momentanen Betriebszustand des Verbrennungsmotors von der Elektronik aus einer gespeicherten Schar von Hubverlaufskurven ausgewählt oder in Abhängigkeit vom momentanen Betriebszustand entsprechend einer vorgegebenen "Bildungsvorschrift" gebildet wird. Die vom Ventil zu durchlaufende Hubverlaufskurve ist in Abhängigkeit vom momentanen Betriebszustand des Verbrennungsmotors durch die Steuerlogik derart modifizierbar, dass die Lage des Schwerpunkts der Fläche unter der Hubverlaufskurve in Bezug auf den Kurbelwellenwinkel veränderbar ist und zwar ohne dass der Öffnungskurbelwellenwinkel oder Schließkurbelwellenwinkel verschoben werden muss. The valve runs through according to the control of the electric motor Control electronics one between an opening crank angle and one Closing crank angle lying stroke curve, which depends on current operating state of the internal combustion engine from the electronics a saved family of stroke curves selected or dependent from the current operating state according to a predetermined one "Educational regulation" is formed. The one to be traversed by the valve Stroke curve is dependent on the current operating state of the Internal combustion engine can be modified by the control logic such that the position of the Center of gravity of the area under the stroke curve in relation to the Crankshaft angle is changeable without the Opening crankshaft angle or closing crankshaft angle can be shifted got to.

Ganz allgemein gesprochen können also in Abhängigkeit vom momentanen Betriebszustand des Motors und vorgebbaren bzw. vorgegebenen Randbedingungen, wie Öffnungskurbelwellenwinkel, Schließkurbelwellenwinkel, maximaler Ventilhub, Öffnungsgeschwindigkeit, maximale Schließgeschwindigkeit etc. eine Vielzahl unterschiedlicher Hubverlaufskurven dargestellt werden. In der Steuerelektronik können entweder eine Schar solcher Hubverlaufskurven abgespeichert sein oder alternativ dazu kann entsprechend einer vorgegebenen Steuerlogik in Abhängigkeit einer Vielzahl momentaner Betriebsparamater des Verbrennungsmotors auch ein momentan optimaler Hubverlauf "kreiert" werden.Generally speaking, depending on the current situation Operating state of the engine and predeterminable or specified boundary conditions, such as opening crankshaft angle, closing crankshaft angle, maximum Valve stroke, opening speed, maximum closing speed etc. a variety of different stroke curves are shown. In the Control electronics can either be a family of such stroke curves can be stored or, alternatively, according to a predetermined Control logic depending on a large number of current operating parameters of the Internal combustion engine can be "created" a currently optimal stroke.

Vorzugsweise sind mit der Steuerelektronik verschiedene Hubverlaufskurven erzeugbar, die sich hinsichtlich einer Vielzahl von Eigenschaften voneinander unterscheiden können. Einzelne Hubverlaufskurven können sich beispielsweise hinsichtlich ihrer Anzahl lokaler und globaler Extrema unterscheiden. Ferner können Hubverlaufskurven generiert werden, die sich hinsichtlich ihrer Öffnungs- und/oder Schließgradienten unterscheiden. Des Weiteren können in Abhängigkeit vom momentanen Betriebszustand Hubverlaufskurven erzeugt werden, die sich hinsichtlich ihres Öffnungs- und/oder Schließkurbelwellenwinkels unterscheiden. Ferner können Hubverlaufskurven mit verschieden großen Öffnungshüben generiert werden, etc.Different stroke curve curves can preferably be generated with the control electronics, that differ from each other in a variety of properties can. Individual stroke curves can differ, for example distinguish their number of local and global extremes. In addition, stroke curves can are generated, which differ in terms of their opening and / or Distinguish closing gradients. Furthermore, depending on the current Operating state stroke curves are generated, which are related distinguish their opening and / or closing crankshaft angle. Can also Stroke curves with different opening strokes are generated, etc.

Zusammenfassend besteht der Unterschied gegenüber allen bislang bekannten Ventilsteuerungen darin, dass zum einen der Maximalhub, d.h. das globale Maximum der Hubverlaufskurve innerhalb der konstruktiv vorgegebenen Grenzen beliebig durch eine entsprechende Ansteuerung des Elektromotors eingestellt werden kann. Zum anderen kann durch eine entsprechende Ansteuerung des Elektromotors ganz gezielt eine bestimmte "Form" der Hubverlaufskurve generiert werden.In summary, there is a difference compared to all previously known Valve controls in that on the one hand the maximum stroke, i.e. the global maximum the stroke curve is arbitrary within the design limits can be set by appropriate control of the electric motor can. On the other hand, by controlling the electric motor accordingly a specific "shape" of the stroke curve can be generated.

Insbesondere können unterschiedliche Hubverlaufskurven erzeugt werden, deren Formen sich hinsichtlich der Lage ihrer Flächenschwerpunkte in Bezug auf den Kurbelwellenwinkel unterscheiden, d.h. hinsichtlich der Lage des Schwerpunkts der Flächen unter der jeweiligen Hubverlaufkurve. Hubverlaufkurven können durch entsprechende Ansteuerung des Elektromotors modifiziert werden und zwar auch ohne eine Verschiebung des Öffnungs- und Schließkurbelwellenwinkels. In particular, different stroke curve curves can be generated Form with regard to the location of their centroids in relation to the Distinguish crankshaft angles, i.e. regarding the location of the center of gravity of the Areas under the respective stroke curve. Stroke curves can by appropriate control of the electric motor can be modified, and indeed without a shift in the opening and closing crankshaft angle.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung im Zusammenhang mit der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
das Grundprinzip eines Ventiltriebs gemäß der Erfindung; und
Figur 2, 3
verschiedene Hubverlaufskurven, die mit dem Ventiltrieb der Figur 1 erzeugbar sind.
In the following the invention is explained in connection with the drawing. Show it:
Figure 1
the basic principle of a valve train according to the invention; and
Figure 2, 3
Different stroke curve, which can be generated with the valve train of Figure 1.

Figur 1 zeigt einen Ventiltrieb 1 mit einem Ventil 2, das durch eine hier nur schematisch dargestellte Ventilfeder 3 "nach oben" in seine Schließstellung gedrückt wird. Zum Öffnen des Ventils 2 muss es entgegen der Federkraft der Ventilfeder 3 nach unten gedrückt werden. Hierzu ist ein Ventilhebel 4 vorgesehen, der durch einen Nocken 5 nach unten gedrückt werden kann. Der Nocken 5 ist schwenkbar um eine Schwenkachse 6 im Motor gelagert. Der Nocken 5 weist hier zwei Nockenflanken auf, nämlich eine sogenannte Hochdynamikflanke 7 und eine Niederdynamikflanke 8. Ferner ist am Nocken 5 ein Stift 9 vorgesehen, gegen den eine Aktorfeder 10 drückt. Die Hochdynamikflanke 7 und die Niederynamikflanke 8 sind jeweils unterschiedlichen Betriebszuständen des Motors zugeordnet, worauf hier nicht näher einzugehen ist. Das Ventil 2 kann über den Ventilhebel 4 geöffnet werden, indem der Nocken 5 im Uhrzeigersinn oder entgegen des Uhrzeigersinns gedreht wird. Bei einer Drehung im Uhrzeigersinn wird das Ventil 2 durch die Hochdynamikflanke 7 geöffnet. Bei einer Drehung entgegen dem Uhrzeigersinn wird das Ventil durch die Niederdynamikflanke 8 geöffnet.Figure 1 shows a valve train 1 with a valve 2, which is shown here only schematically shown valve spring 3 is pressed "up" in its closed position. To open the valve 2, it must move against the spring force of the valve spring 3 be pressed down. For this purpose, a valve lever 4 is provided, which by a Cam 5 can be pressed down. The cam 5 is pivotable about one Pivot axis 6 mounted in the engine. The cam 5 has two cam flanks here on, namely a so-called high dynamic edge 7 and a low dynamic edge 8. Furthermore, a pin 9 is provided on the cam 5, against which an actuator spring 10 suppressed. The high dynamic edge 7 and the low dynamic edge 8 are each different Operating states of the engine assigned, which is not discussed here is to be received. The valve 2 can be opened via the valve lever 4 by the cam 5 is turned clockwise or counterclockwise. at clockwise rotation, the valve 2 is driven by the high dynamic edge 7 open. When turning counterclockwise, the valve is replaced by the Low dynamic edge 8 opened.

Zur Drehung des Nockens in die eine oder in die andere Richtung ist ein Elektromotor (nicht dargestellt) vorgesehen, mit dem der Nocken in die eine oder in die andere Richtung geschwenkt werden kann.An electric motor is used to turn the cam in one direction or the other (not shown) provided with which the cam in one or in the other direction can be pivoted.

Im Niederdynamikbetrieb, d.h. wenn das Ventil 2 mit der Niederdynamikflanke des Nockens 5 geöffnet wird, kann durch Ansteuerung des Elektromotors gezielt auf den Verlauf der Hubkurve des Ventils 2 Einfluss genommen werden. Allein durch die Ansteuerung des Elektromotors können eine nahezu beliebige Anzahl verschiedener Hubkurvenverläufe generiert werden. Der Elektromotor wird so angesteuert, dass der Hubkurvenverlauf möglichst optimal auf den momentanen Betnebszustand des Motors, insbesondere auf die thermodynamischen Verhältnisse im Motor abgestimmt ist. Dadurch können Ladungswechsel, Gemischaufbereitung, Akustik, Verbrauch und Emissionen des Verbrennungsmotors optimiert werden.In low dynamic mode, i.e. if the valve 2 with the low dynamic edge of the Cam 5 is opened, can be targeted to the by controlling the electric motor The course of the stroke curve of valve 2 can be influenced. Alone through the Control of the electric motor can be almost any number of different Stroke curves are generated. The electric motor is controlled that the stroke curve is as optimal as possible to the current operating condition of the engine, especially the thermodynamic conditions is matched in the engine. This allows charge changes, mixture preparation, Acoustics, consumption and emissions of the internal combustion engine can be optimized.

Wie bereits erwähnt, können allein durch eine entsprechende Ansteuerung des Elektromotors verschiedene Hubverlaufsformen generiert werden. Die Figuren 2 und 3 zeigen exemplarisch verschiedene mögliche Hubverläufe für ein Einlassventil. Figur 2 zeigt einen Hubverlauf für ein Einlassventil, mit dem bei warmem Motor und niedriger Motorlast eine gute Gemischbildung erreichbar ist. Beim Hubverlauf der Figur 2 öffnet das Ventil beim Kurbelwellenwinkel E01. Hieran schließt sich ein Anstieg, beschrieben durch die Kurbelwellenwinkeldiffernenz EO_F auf ein globales Maximum an. In dieser Stellung wird das Ventil ausgedrückt in Grad Kurbelwellenwinkel den Kurbelwellenwinkel EHub1 gehalten. Anschließend wird das Ventil wieder teilweise geschlossen, d.h. der Ventilhub fällt auf ein lokales Extremum EHub2 ab, das bei ES1 erreicht wird. Der Übergang wird durch die Kurbelwellendifferenz ES_F beschrieben. Anschließend wird das Ventil geschlossen. Beim Kurbelwellenwinkel ES2 ist das Ventil dann ganz geschlossen.As already mentioned, different stroke shapes can be generated simply by correspondingly controlling the electric motor. FIGS. 2 and 3 show examples of different possible stroke profiles for an inlet valve. FIG. 2 shows a stroke course for an intake valve, with which good mixture formation can be achieved with a warm engine and low engine load. 2, the valve opens at crankshaft angle E01. This is followed by an increase, described by the crankshaft angle difference EO_F, to a global maximum. In this position, the valve, expressed in degrees crankshaft angle, holds the crankshaft angle E stroke 1. The valve is then partially closed again, ie the valve stroke drops to a local extremum E stroke 2, which is achieved with ES1. The transition is described by the crankshaft difference ES_F. The valve is then closed. With the crankshaft angle ES2, the valve is then completely closed.

Figur 3 zeigt eine Hubverlaufskurve für ein Einlassventil, die zweckmäßigerweise bei kaltem Motor eingesteuert wird, um die Bildung von Kohlenwasserstoffen möglichst gering zu halten, d.h. etwa in den ersten 20 Sekunden nach dem Kaltstart. Das Einlassventil wird hier bei Erreichen des Kurbelwellenwinkels EO2 teilweise geöffnet, d.h. es erfolgt ein Anstieg auf ein lokales Extremum. Das Einlassventil wird dann für die Dauer EHub2 teilweise offengehalten. Anschließend erfolgt ein Anstieg auf das globale Extremum, d.h. das Einlassventil wird maximal geöffnet. Das Einlassventil wird für die Dauer EHub1 offen gehalten. Anschließend erfolgt ein Abfall der Hubverlaufskurve. Das Einlassventil kann entweder ganz geschlossen werden, was dann bei ES1 erreicht wird, oder zunächst teilweise, was dem gestrichelt dargestellten lokalen Extremum entspricht. Spätestens im Zeitpunkt ES2 ist das Einlassventil dann wieder geschlossen.FIG. 3 shows a stroke curve for an intake valve, which is expediently activated when the engine is cold in order to keep the formation of hydrocarbons as low as possible, ie in the first 20 seconds after the cold start. The inlet valve is partially opened here when the crankshaft angle EO2 is reached, ie there is an increase to a local extremum. The inlet valve is then kept partially open for the duration E stroke 2. Then there is an increase to the global extremum, ie the inlet valve is opened to the maximum. The inlet valve is kept open for the duration E stroke 1. The stroke curve then drops. The inlet valve can either be completely closed, which is then achieved in ES1, or initially partially, which corresponds to the local extremum shown in dashed lines. The inlet valve is then closed again at the latest at time ES2.

Die in den Figuren 2 und 3 dargestellten Hubverlaufskurven sind keineswegs einschränkend zu verstehen. Sie sind vielmehr lediglich als Beispiele aus einer Vielzahl möglicher Hubverlaufskurven zu verstehen., die durch entsprechende Ansteuerung des Schwenkmotors für den Betätigungsnocken erzeugbar sindThe stroke curves shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 are in no way restrictive to understand. Rather, they are merely examples of a large number to understand possible stroke curves, by appropriate control of the swivel motor can be generated for the actuating cam

Wesentlich ist, dass allein durch die Ansteuerung des den Ventilnocken betätigenden Elektromotors eine Vielzahl möglicher Hubverlaufskurven darstellbar sind. Durch eine Steuerelektronik wird in Abhängigkeit vom momentanen Betriebszustand des Motors eine Hubverlaufskurve generiert, die thermodynamisch möglichst günstig ist.It is essential that solely by controlling the valve cam that actuates it Electric motor, a variety of possible stroke curves can be represented. Control electronics are used depending on the current operating state the engine generates a stroke curve that is thermodynamically possible is cheap.

Claims (6)

Ventiltrieb (1) für einen Verbrennungsmotor, mit
einem Ventil (2),
einem Nocken (5), der hin- und herschwenkbar angeordnet ist und der zur Betätigung des Ventils (2) vorgesehen ist,
einem Elektromotor zur Schwenkbetätigung des Nockens (5) und
einer Elektronik zur Ansteuerung des Elektromotors in Abhängigkeit von momentanen Betriebsparametern des Motors, wobei das Ventil (2) entsprechend der Ansteuerung eine zwischen einem Öffnungskurbelwellenwinkel und einem Schließkurbelwellenwinkel liegende Hubverlaufskurve durchläuft und
die Elektronik eine Steuerlogik aufweist, welche in Abhängigkeit vom momentanen Betriebszustand des Verbrennungsmotors eine Modifizierung der Hubverlaufskurve ermöglicht,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Hubverlaufskurve von der Steuerlogik derart modifizierbar ist, dass die Lage des Schwerpunkts der Fläche unter der Hubverlaufskurve ohne Änderung der Motordrehzahl in Bezug auf den Kurbelwellenwinkel veränderbar ist und zwar auch ohne einer Verschiebung des Öffnungs- und Schließkurbelwellenwinkels.Valve train (1) for an internal combustion engine, with
a valve (2),
a cam (5) which is arranged to pivot back and forth and which is provided for actuating the valve (2),
an electric motor for pivoting the cam (5) and
an electronic system for controlling the electric motor as a function of the current operating parameters of the motor, the valve (2), in accordance with the control, passing through a stroke curve lying between an opening crankshaft angle and a closing crankshaft angle and
the electronics have control logic which enables the stroke curve to be modified as a function of the current operating state of the internal combustion engine,
characterized in that the stroke curve can be modified by the control logic in such a way that the position of the center of gravity of the surface under the stroke curve can be changed without changing the engine speed with respect to the crankshaft angle, even without a shift in the opening and closing crankshaft angle. Ventiltrieb (1) nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Elektronik eine Steuerlogik aufweist, mit der Hubverlaufskurven erzeugbar sind, die sich hinsichtlich der Anzahl und/oder der Abfolge lokaler und globaler Extrema bzw. Extremwertabschnitte zwischen dem Öffnungskurbelwellenwinkel und dem Schließkurbelwellenwinkel voneinander unterscheiden.Valve train (1) according to claim 1, wherein the electronics have a control logic, can be generated with the stroke curves, which are in terms of Number and / or the sequence of local and global extremes or extreme value sections between the opening crankshaft angle and the closing crankshaft angle distinguish from each other. Ventiltrieb (1) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei die Elektronik eine Steuerlogik aufweist, mit der eine Hubverlaufskurve erzeugbar ist, die vom Öffnungskurbelwellenwinkel an einen Anstieg auf ein globales Extremum bzw. einen globalen Extremwertabschnitt aufweist, anschließend einen Abfall auf ein lokales Extremum bzw. auf einen lokalen Extremwertabschnitt und dann einen Abfall, bis das Ventil wieder geschlossen ist, wobei dieser Hubverlauf an einem Einlassventil eingesteuert wird, wenn der Verbrennungsmotor Normalbetriebstemperatur erreicht hat und im Niedriglastbetrieb arbeitet.Valve train (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the electronics control logic has, with which a stroke curve can be generated, the opening crankshaft angle an increase to a global extremum or one global extreme value section, then a drop to a local Extremum or to a local extreme value section and then one Decline until the valve is closed again, this stroke progress an intake valve is controlled when the internal combustion engine Has reached normal operating temperature and is operating in low load mode. Ventiltrieb (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei die Elektronik eine Steuerlogik aufweist, mit der eine Hubverlaufskurve erzeugbar ist, die vom Öffnungskurbelwellenwinkel an einen Anstieg auf ein lokales Extremum bzw. auf einen lokalen Extremwertabschnitt aufweist, anschließend einen weiteren Anstieg auf ein globales Extremum bzw. auf einen globalen Extremwertabschnitt und dann einen Abfall, bis das Ventil wieder geschlossen ist, wobei dieser Hubverlauf an einem Einlassventil eingesteuert wird, wenn der Verbrennungsmotor unterhalb der Normalbetriebstemperatur betrieben wird.Valve train (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the electronics Has control logic with which a stroke curve can be generated, which from Opening crankshaft angle to an increase to a local extremum or has a local extreme value section, then another Rise to a global extremum or to a global extreme value section and then a drop until the valve is closed again, whereby this stroke curve is controlled at an inlet valve when the Internal combustion engine is operated below the normal operating temperature. Ventiltrieb (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei die Elektronik eine Steuerlogik aufweist, mit der eine Hubverlaufskurve erzeugbar ist, die vom Öffnungskurbelwellenwinkel an einen Anstieg auf ein lokales Extremum bzw. einen lokalen Extremwertabschnitt aufweist, anschließend einen weiteren Anstieg auf ein globales Extremum bzw. auf einen globalen Extremwertabschnitt, dann einen Abfall auf ein lokales Extremum und dann einen Abfall, bis das Ventil wieder geschlossen ist.Valve train (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the electronics Has control logic with which a stroke curve can be generated, which from Opening crankshaft angle to an increase to a local extremum or has a local extreme value section, then another Increase to a global extremum or to a global extreme value section, then a drop to a local extremum and then a drop, until the valve is closed again. Ventiltrieb (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, wobei in der Elektronik eine Schar von Hubverlaufskurven abgelegt ist.Valve train (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein in the electronics a family of stroke curves is stored.
EP04003090A 2003-03-14 2004-02-12 Valve gear for an internal-combustion engine Expired - Fee Related EP1457645B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10311275 2003-03-14
DE10311275A DE10311275A1 (en) 2003-03-14 2003-03-14 Valve train for an internal combustion engine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1457645A1 true EP1457645A1 (en) 2004-09-15
EP1457645B1 EP1457645B1 (en) 2005-08-17

Family

ID=32748255

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04003090A Expired - Fee Related EP1457645B1 (en) 2003-03-14 2004-02-12 Valve gear for an internal-combustion engine

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1457645B1 (en)
DE (2) DE10311275A1 (en)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006117486A1 (en) 2005-05-03 2006-11-09 Peugeot Citroën Automobiles SA Method for reducing hydrocarbon emissions from a cold engine and device and engine for carrying out said method
EP1818518A1 (en) * 2006-02-09 2007-08-15 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Internal combustion engine with electromechanical valve drive
EP1818517A2 (en) 2006-02-09 2007-08-15 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Engine with electric valve drive
FR2909129A1 (en) * 2006-11-27 2008-05-30 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Cylinder assembly operation controlling method for internal combustion engine of motor vehicle, involves applying phase of opening by intake valve prior to another opening phase and forming raised curve having positive and negative slopes
WO2011061528A2 (en) 2009-11-18 2011-05-26 Camcon Oil Limited Rotary electromagnetic actuator
WO2014056798A1 (en) * 2012-10-11 2014-04-17 Continental Automotive Gmbh Method and device for operating an internal combustion engine
WO2014191212A1 (en) * 2013-05-31 2014-12-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method for actuating a camshaft

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006023654B3 (en) * 2006-05-18 2007-10-25 Esa Patentverwertungsagentur Sachsen-Anhalt Gmbh Nonlinear force and/or torque characteristic producing arrangement for gas exchange valves of internal combustion engine, has set of diametrically magnetized permanent magnet segments provided on inner periphery of stator
DE102008061236A1 (en) 2008-12-09 2010-06-10 Man Diesel Se Method and valve cam for valve control of an internal combustion engine
US8360387B2 (en) 2010-03-26 2013-01-29 Bose Corporation Actuator including mechanism for converting rotary motion to linear motion
US11353084B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2022-06-07 Clearmotion Acquisition I Llc Rotary actuator driven vibration isolation
US9291300B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2016-03-22 Bose Corporation Rotary actuator driven vibration isolation
DE102015117921A1 (en) 2015-10-21 2017-04-27 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Method for influencing the mixture formation and the charge movement in a reciprocating internal combustion engine

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5331931A (en) * 1986-09-02 1994-07-26 Blish Nelson A Variable intake valve
DE10140461A1 (en) * 2001-08-17 2003-02-27 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Rotary actuator device for stroke control of a gas exchange valve in the cylinder head of an internal combustion engine
WO2004044392A1 (en) * 2002-11-14 2004-05-27 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Pivoting actuator system for controlling the stroke of a gas exchange valve in the cylinder head of an internal combustion engine

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001014694A1 (en) * 1999-08-23 2001-03-01 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Engine valve characteristic controller
DE10019744A1 (en) * 2000-04-20 2001-10-25 Fev Motorentech Gmbh Procedure to influence mixture formation and charge movement in cylinders of internal combustion piston engine entails valves moving in dependence upon piston stroke with lift variation depending upon load conditions

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5331931A (en) * 1986-09-02 1994-07-26 Blish Nelson A Variable intake valve
DE10140461A1 (en) * 2001-08-17 2003-02-27 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Rotary actuator device for stroke control of a gas exchange valve in the cylinder head of an internal combustion engine
WO2004044392A1 (en) * 2002-11-14 2004-05-27 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Pivoting actuator system for controlling the stroke of a gas exchange valve in the cylinder head of an internal combustion engine

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006117486A1 (en) 2005-05-03 2006-11-09 Peugeot Citroën Automobiles SA Method for reducing hydrocarbon emissions from a cold engine and device and engine for carrying out said method
FR2885389A1 (en) * 2005-05-03 2006-11-10 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa METHOD FOR REDUCING HYDROCARBON EMISSIONS OF A COLD ENGINE AND DEVICE AND ENGINE USING THE SAME
US7881854B2 (en) 2005-05-03 2011-02-01 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Method of reducing hydrocarbon emissions from a cold engine and device and engine for carrying out this method
EP1818518A1 (en) * 2006-02-09 2007-08-15 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Internal combustion engine with electromechanical valve drive
EP1818517A2 (en) 2006-02-09 2007-08-15 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Engine with electric valve drive
EP1818517A3 (en) * 2006-02-09 2009-05-13 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Engine with electric valve drive
FR2909129A1 (en) * 2006-11-27 2008-05-30 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Cylinder assembly operation controlling method for internal combustion engine of motor vehicle, involves applying phase of opening by intake valve prior to another opening phase and forming raised curve having positive and negative slopes
WO2011061528A3 (en) * 2009-11-18 2011-09-22 Camcon Oil Limited Rotary electromagnetic actuator
WO2011061528A2 (en) 2009-11-18 2011-05-26 Camcon Oil Limited Rotary electromagnetic actuator
GB2487510A (en) * 2009-11-18 2012-07-25 Camcon Oil Ltd Rotary electromagnetic actuator
US9068480B2 (en) 2009-11-18 2015-06-30 Camcon Auto Limited Rotary electromagnetic actuator
EP2977567A1 (en) * 2009-11-18 2016-01-27 Camcon Auto Limited Rotary electromagnetic actuator
US9768663B2 (en) 2009-11-18 2017-09-19 Camcon Auto Limited Rotary electromagnetic actuator
WO2014056798A1 (en) * 2012-10-11 2014-04-17 Continental Automotive Gmbh Method and device for operating an internal combustion engine
KR20150065747A (en) * 2012-10-11 2015-06-15 콘티넨탈 오토모티브 게엠베하 Method and device for operating an internal combustion engine
US9518545B2 (en) 2012-10-11 2016-12-13 Continental Automotive Gmbh Method and device for operating an internal combustion engine
WO2014191212A1 (en) * 2013-05-31 2014-12-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method for actuating a camshaft
CN105229288A (en) * 2013-05-31 2016-01-06 罗伯特·博世有限公司 For manipulating the method for camshaft

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1457645B1 (en) 2005-08-17
DE502004000040D1 (en) 2005-09-22
DE10311275A1 (en) 2004-09-30

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE112004001450B4 (en) Device for an internal combustion engine
EP3033501B1 (en) Valve-actuating device for changing the valve stroke
DE102007016546B4 (en) Internal combustion engine with cylinder deactivation device and cylinder deactivation system
DE102004047395B4 (en) Valve train device of an internal combustion engine
EP1457645B1 (en) Valve gear for an internal-combustion engine
DE102010008959A1 (en) Internal combustion engine with variable valve train
DE102006034951A1 (en) Valve train for internal combustion engine, has switching device for selectively activating rocker arms which are used for activating gas exchange valve
DE102012002026A1 (en) Variable-stroke valve drive for internal combustion engine, has eccentric shaft with eccentric cams having angular range, in which stroke of valve and of similar valve group vary differently from each other
DE10113079B4 (en) Device and method for deactivating cylinders of an internal combustion engine
EP0244878B1 (en) Electromagnetic-hydraulic valve drive for an internal-combustion engine
DE10252991A1 (en) Tilting actuator system for inlet or exhaust valve in internal combustion engine has oscillating motor turning shaft with high-lift and low-lift cams engaging adjustable rocker pressing on valve stem
EP1331382B1 (en) Method, computer programme, control and/or regulation device for operation of an internal combustion engine and internal combustion engine
DE102009037429A1 (en) Infinitely variable valve lift
DE10038916A1 (en) Piston-type combustion engine used in heavy utility vehicle, has individual cams each having control profile that comprises of basic circuit contour and cam contour, and can be set in active position
DE10359935A1 (en) Engine valve actuation system
DE202007013509U1 (en) Room cam valve drive with modified room cam geometry
DE102006018946A1 (en) Internal combustion engine e.g. petrol engine, for automobile, has adjustment device to adjust valve stroke simultaneously with change of compression ratio, so that maximum valve stroke and valve opening- and/or closing time are changeable
DE102016112448B4 (en) Valve train for an internal combustion engine and internal combustion engine
EP1375843B1 (en) Internal combustion engine
DE102015205297A1 (en) Internal combustion engine
EP2209972A1 (en) Device for controlling the residual gas content of cylinders of an internal combustion engine
DE4242634C2 (en) Device for the continuous variation of valve lift and timing of the intake and exhaust valves of a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine
DE10013518A1 (en) Automotive valve rocker arm has elongate lever comprising lockable valve and cam engagement portions mounted for rocking movement about shaft, each portion having bush rotatable about each other and shaft
WO1999006678A1 (en) Valve control system for an internal combustion engine which can be switcched into drive or brake mode
DE102019113991A1 (en) SLIDING CAMSHAFT ARRANGEMENT

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PT RO SE SI SK TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: AL LT LV MK

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20040728

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

AKX Designation fees paid

Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

Effective date: 20050818

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 502004000040

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 20050922

Kind code of ref document: P

ET Fr: translation filed
PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20060518

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20080228

Year of fee payment: 5

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20080228

Year of fee payment: 5

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20080328

Year of fee payment: 5

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20080228

Year of fee payment: 5

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20090212

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

Effective date: 20091030

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20090901

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20090302

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20090212

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20090212