EP1456739A2 - Keypad in textilien mit kapazativer ausleseschaltung - Google Patents
Keypad in textilien mit kapazativer ausleseschaltungInfo
- Publication number
- EP1456739A2 EP1456739A2 EP02799739A EP02799739A EP1456739A2 EP 1456739 A2 EP1456739 A2 EP 1456739A2 EP 02799739 A EP02799739 A EP 02799739A EP 02799739 A EP02799739 A EP 02799739A EP 1456739 A2 EP1456739 A2 EP 1456739A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- key
- input
- input device
- conductor
- devices
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D1/00—Woven fabrics designed to make specified articles
- D03D1/0088—Fabrics having an electronic function
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/60—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the warp or weft elements other than yarns or threads
- D03D15/67—Metal wires
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/94—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the way in which the control signals are generated
- H03K17/96—Touch switches
- H03K17/962—Capacitive touch switches
- H03K17/9622—Capacitive touch switches using a plurality of detectors, e.g. keyboard
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2101/00—Inorganic fibres
- D10B2101/20—Metallic fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2401/00—Physical properties
- D10B2401/16—Physical properties antistatic; conductive
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H2203/00—Form of contacts
- H01H2203/008—Wires
- H01H2203/0085—Layered switches integrated into garment, clothes or textile
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H2239/00—Miscellaneous
- H01H2239/006—Containing a capacitive switch or usable as such
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/94—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the way in which the control signals are generated
- H03K17/96—Touch switches
- H03K2017/9602—Touch switches characterised by the type or shape of the sensing electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K2217/00—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00
- H03K2217/94—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00 characterised by the way in which the control signal is generated
- H03K2217/96—Touch switches
- H03K2217/9607—Capacitive touch switches
- H03K2217/960755—Constructional details of capacitive touch and proximity switches
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
- Y10T428/256—Heavy metal or aluminum or compound thereof
Definitions
- the invention relates to an input device according to claim 1 and a method for producing an input device according to claim 17.
- Known attempts to integrate keyboards or input devices into a textile environment include, in particular, the incorporation or sewing of conventional flexible keyboards into a textile fabric carrier. Furthermore, multilayered fabric structures are known in which an electrical contact or mechanical actuation
- the object of the invention is accordingly to provide an input device which can be easily integrated into a textile environment and which is accessible to a large-scale manufacturing process. Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to provide a method for producing such an input device.
- an input device comprises at least one textile fabric carrier; at least one flexible, wire and / or thread-like electrical conductor, which comprises at least one weft and / or warp thread of the fabric carrier; at least one electrically conductive, flexible key device which is electrically connected to a key connection of the conductor; the conductor being designed to connect an evaluation device.
- the wire and / or thread-like electrical conductor, through which the signal line of the input device or keyboard is formed, is an integral part of the textile fabric carrier, in which it comprises at least one electrically conductive weft and / or warp thread of the fabric carrier.
- the textile fabric carrier is understood to mean a textile fabric made up of two thread systems, in particular intersecting at right angles, which - as usual - are referred to as warp and weft.
- the chain is in
- the at least one weft and / or warp thread of the fabric carrier which gives the electrical conductor its conductivity, preferably consists of electrically insulating fibers, in particular synthetic fibers, which are spun with a particularly electrically insulated, thin metal wire.
- the electrical conductor it is possible to design the electrical conductor as a thread-like, thin metal wire, which represents a weft or warp thread of the fabric carrier.
- This signal line introduced in the tissue carrier can be formed directly in the manufacturing process of the tissue carrier, so that no subsequent cost-intensive additional process has to be carried out.
- a conductor designed in this way does not represent a foreign body in the textile environment, as is the case with conventional key devices attached to textile fabric carriers.
- the conductor is electrically connected to an electrically conductive, flexible key device.
- the button setup is preferably attached directly to the textile fabric carrier, the electrical contact between the key device and the conductor being made via an electrical connection of the key connection to the key device.
- the conductor also has an evaluation device which is designed to connect an evaluation device, in particular an integrated circuit. The evaluation device can also be connected to the evaluation connection by interposing additional conductors.
- the key device preferably comprises a conductive adhesive, in particular a conductive silicone.
- a polyorganosiloxane is preferably used which has been made electrically conductive by adding electrically conductive components, in particular carbon or carbon black.
- Such a key device can advantageously be attached to the textile fabric carrier by means of a printing process, in particular a screen printing process.
- the key device preferably has a key layer, the layer thickness of which is small compared to the dimensions of the key layer in the layer plane and which is fixed flat on the fabric carrier.
- the button layer is thus a thin, plate-like layer which is preferably attached to the entire surface of the textile fabric carrier.
- the thickness of the key layer is small compared to its lateral dimensions.
- the key device thus only applies a little to the textile fabric carrier, so that it does not represent any foreign bodies in the textile environment.
- the conductor preferably has electrical insulation which can be removed locally for the electrical connection to the key device. In this case, the insulation is preferably removed in a window-like area on or on which the key device or the key layer rests.
- the removal step can in particular by thermal or chemical action, in particular by an etching step or by means of laser ablation.
- the input device preferably comprises a multiplicity of key devices arranged in particular in a linear or matrix-like manner.
- a matrix-like arrangement is particularly preferred, in which the key devices assume a regular, grid-like arrangement.
- the conductors electrically connected to the key devices are each electrically connected at intersection points with essentially perpendicular contacting conductors, each of which has at least one electrically conductive weft or. Hold the warp thread of the fabric backing.
- This "re-contacting" of the conductors which serve as signal lines for the key devices, with essentially changing contact-making conductors which are perpendicular thereto, makes it possible to redirect the conductors, which are often relatively far and irregularly spaced from one another, to closely adjacent and regularly arranged contact-changing conductors.
- the large distance between the conductors which is often necessary to form a textile "keyboard" can thus be adapted to the typically an order of magnitude smaller contact or conductor period of electronic components.
- the evaluation device is connected to the changeover conductor.
- a conductor for example, electrically conductive warp threads of the textile
- the Umffy michmaschinesleiter can be formed by weft threads, which have points of intersection with these warp threads.
- the contact changeover conductors are preferably arranged at a uniform distance from one another in the tissue carrier. This regular arrangement of the changeover conductors simplifies the connection of external components, in particular external electronic components, to the changeover conductors.
- the period of the changeover conductor can also be adapted to the typical contact spacing of the evaluation device.
- the input device preferably comprises an evaluation device for detecting an actuation of at least one of the button devices.
- a first group of the key devices is preferably used as reference key devices and a second group of the
- An actuation of a key device is only present if the electrical potential of an input key device differs from that of one
- Reference key device by external action, e.g. by electrical connection ("short-circuiting") by a
- the evaluation device is preferably designed to evaluate the electrical potential difference or the electrical resistance between one of the input key devices and at least one of the reference key devices.
- Each input key device is preferably electrically connected directly to the evaluation device, so that the wiring complexity increases linearly with the number of input key devices.
- the reference key devices can be set to the same electrical potential, while the electrical potential of the input key devices can be set using a Threshold value decision is determined relative to the potential of the reference key devices.
- An inevitable leakage current between the input and reference key devices can be countered by executing "refresh" cycles which regenerate the electrical potential of the input key devices.
- the input key devices are preferably connected in series and with high impedance to an input connection of the evaluation device and the reference key devices with a low connection to a reference connection of the evaluation device by means of a conductor arranged in the tissue carrier. This makes it possible to evaluate the actuation of an input key device by an analog measuring method, the number of measuring lines being independent of the number of
- Is key devices The high-resistance connected input key devices form a resistive voltage divider, which is designed similarly to the principle of a slide potentiometer. If an input key device with a reference key device is actuated by the approach of a finger, the finger touching the key devices represents the "sliding contact" of the slide potentiometer Reference connection designed.
- the evaluation device is designed to output a control signal when it detects an actuation of at least two of the button devices in a predetermined time sequence.
- a "dynamic pattern recognition" can advantageously be used as a measure against unintentional actuation of the key devices become.
- reinforcements or stiffeners of the textile carrier material are known as protection against folding processes, which could trigger incorrect key presses.
- input devices have also been positioned in textile environments at places where they can come into contact with foreign objects as little as possible.
- an inadvertent triggering of switching operations can be prevented or minimized by the evaluation device not waiting for a punctiform activity (for example the actuation of a button device), but for a "dynamic pattern".
- a switching process or the triggering of a control signal is only activated when a large number of key devices have been actuated in a chronologically predetermined sequence. For example
- the evaluation device is designed for capacitive detection of an actuation of at least one of the button devices.
- the evaluation device thus represents a capacitance sensor, which is designed to detect changes in the capacitance of the key device to the environment.
- the capacity sensor is designed to detect the change in capacity of the key device, which is associated with the approach of an object (e.g. a finger) to it.
- Evaluation device thus form a capacitive proximity switch, which in particular can detect the contactless actuation of a button device.
- An evaluation device is particularly preferred which not only evaluates the capacity of the key device to its surroundings, but also the rate of change of this capacity (dC / dt) over time. This enables the realization of a capacitive
- Proximity switch which has a dynamic detection or switching distance (distance finger - key device). The greater the speed at which the object approaches the key device, the greater the detection distance.
- Capacitive proximity switches from EDISEN - electronic GmbH, Lauchhammer, Germany, have proven to be particularly suitable, for example the proximity switch "Minitaster MTO .2".
- Evaluation device is the possibility of being able to actuate key devices without electrical contact between the finger and the key device.
- the evaluation device is preferably designed such that actuation of a key device can be detected without having to touch it, for example by a finger.
- the key devices can thus be covered by an electrical insulator.
- the capacitive detection method of key actuations also works through relatively thick, electrically non-conductive substances which cover the key device (s).
- the entire input device can be encapsulated, for example, with plastic (e.g. a textile hot-melt adhesive, as is used in the textile sector as a standard) and thus insulated, mechanically stabilized and sealed in a machine-washable / cleaning-resistant manner.
- the input device preferably comprises an electrical shielding device which is used for electrical shielding at least one of the key devices is designed from one side of the textile fabric carrier.
- the shielding device is designed to prevent electrical or electromagnetic interference from the side of the textile fabric carrier, from which no actuation of the
- the shielding device prevents the button device from being inadvertently actuated from the body side of the wearer of the article of clothing. accidental
- Actuations of the button device which could be triggered by a variation in the distance between the item of clothing and the body of the wearer, can be avoided by a shielding device attached to the body.
- the shielding device is preferably a thin conductive layer which is arranged at a distance from and essentially parallel to the at least one button device.
- the shielding device preferably has a thin, electrically conductive layer, which is preferably flexible.
- the conductive layer is a plastic film coated with metal, a textile fabric with a high proportion of electrically conductive threads, a metal foil or a textile material printed with conductive ink.
- the conductive layer is preferably arranged in the area of the key device (s) on the textile fabric carrier.
- the shielding device or the conductive layer is preferably connected to ground.
- a method for producing an input device comprises the steps: Providing a textile fabric carrier, which has at least " a flexible, wire and / or thread-like electrical conductor, which comprises at least one weft and / or warp thread of the fabric carrier; - Attaching an electrically conductive, flexible
- Conductor is electrically connected
- the key device is preferably attached by a printing process, in particular a screen printing process. This enables the simple production of key devices accessible to mass production, which are well embedded in the textile environment and fixed to the textile fabric carrier.
- Electrical insulation of the conductor is preferably removed locally prior to the step of attaching the key device.
- 1 shows a schematic plan view of an embodiment of an input device according to the invention, the conductors being fed to an evaluation device by means of reconnection conductors;
- 2 shows a schematic circuit diagram of a preferred evaluation device and its voltage-time diagram;
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic plan view of a further preferred embodiment of an input device according to the invention with an equivalent circuit diagram; 4 shows a schematic basic illustration for a preferred pattern recognition according to the invention; and 5 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a preferred embodiment of an input device according to the invention with a capacitive evaluation device.
- FIG. 1 shows a first preferred embodiment of an input device according to the invention.
- 10 denotes a textile fabric carrier which has a large number of warp threads K and weft threads S.
- the warp and weft threads K, S preferably consist largely of electrically insulating synthetic fibers and are therefore insulators. However, some selected of these synthetic fibers have spun thin metal wires that are electrically insulated. This gives these selected warp and weft threads an electrical conductivity so that they represent wire and / or thread-like electrical conductors 12.
- the electrically conductive warp and weft threads K, S which each form a conductor 12 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, are highlighted in FIG. 1 by a thicker line width.
- a plurality of electrically conductive warp or weft threads, in particular adjacent to one another, can also be combined to form an electrical conductor 12 for reasons of redundancy.
- Key means 14 (for example made of conductive silicone), which are each electrically connected to a conductor 12 extending in the warp direction, are fixed on the fabric carrier 10 in a matrix-like manner. In the manufacturing process, the electrical insulation of the conductors 12 was used, which with the associated
- Key devices 14 are connected, removed in a window-like area highlighted in FIG. 1, so that a button layer of the button device 14 can come into direct contact with the thin conductive metal wire. However, it is also possible to improve the electrical contact between the conductors 12 and the associated button devices 14 to attach electrical auxiliary contact devices to the conductors 12 in the area of the button devices 14.
- the 3x3 key arrangement shown in FIG. 1 typically has a lateral dimension of 2 to 10 cm, preferably 5 cm, indicated by the arrow. Since the key devices 14 are preferably made of a thin, flexible material which is attached directly to the fabric carrier 10 and no external signal lines are required in addition to the conductors 12, an input device results which is excellently embedded in the textile environment.
- the nine conductors 12 extending in the warp direction are, as shown in FIG. 1, electrically connected at crossover points 16 to contact-making conductors 18 which extend in the weft direction of the fabric carrier 10.
- predetermined electrical connections can be made between the horizontally and vertically running conductive threads. This makes it possible to redirect the irregularly spaced conductors 12, some of which are far apart, to more closely spaced, periodically arranged reconnection conductors 18. This significantly simplifies the connection of an evaluation device 20.
- a shielding device AE is preferably provided which prevents undesired capacitive actuation of the button devices 14 from one side of the tissue carrier 10.
- the shielding device AE (dashed line in FIG. 1) can comprise a conductive layer which is electrically isolated from the key devices and runs essentially parallel to them. It is sufficient to arrange the shielding device AE in a region of the input device in which the
- the evaluation device 20 is connected via a conductor 19, preferably via conductive threads, to a voltage supply (not shown) and actuation inputs (not shown) of electronic components.
- a possible preferred evaluation device 20 is shown schematically in FIG. 2.
- the conductors 12 are connected directly to the evaluation device 20 without the changeover conductor 18.
- a first group of the key devices 14 shown in FIG. 2 (a) can be connected to a defined electrical potential, for example to ground potential, via the conductors 12 so as to function as reference key devices 14R.
- a second group of key devices 14 can be connected directly to the active part of the evaluation electronics and represents so-called input key devices 14E.
- the input key devices 14E controlled by a periodic signal Vcharge, can be charged to the potential Vdd via a PMOS transistor 22 and a series resistor R. Furthermore, the source contact of the transistor 22 and the series resistor R are connected to a buffer 24 which acts as a threshold value decider and which has a high-resistance input.
- the input of the buffer 24 is at the potential Vkey, while the buffer output is at the potential Vdata.
- each button device 14 is directly connected to the
- Evaluation device 20 connected, so that the wiring and circuitry increases linearly with the number of key devices.
- the matrix-like arrangement of the key devices 14 can also be evaluated by means of an analog measuring method, the number of Measuring lines is independent of the number of key devices.
- the embodiment variant shown in FIG. 3 has two measuring lines, the connections of which are designated Vref and Vm.
- the key devices 14 are as in the embodiment shown in FIG.
- Reference key means 14R and input key means 14E are divided.
- the input key devices 14E are electrically contacted by electrically conductive weft threads S and the reference key devices 14R by electrically conductive warp threads K.
- electrically conductive weft threads S By suitable electrical connections at the crossing points 16 of the electrically conductive warp and weft threads K, S, a circuit is set up which is shown in a simplified equivalent circuit diagram in FIG. 3 (b).
- the contacting of the conductive weft and warp threads in the fabric carrier 10 is chosen such that a resistive voltage divider is formed similar to the principle of a slide potentiometer.
- the touching finger serves as a "sliding contact", the position of the
- Fingers on the matrix of the key devices 14 can be determined by a simple resistance measurement between Vref and Vm, since the input key devices 14E are connected to one another in series.
- the reference key devices 14R are jointly connected to the potential Vref via electrically conductive warp threads which are designed with a low resistance.
- the input key devices 14E are connected to one another in series via very high-resistance, electrically conductive weft threads S.
- the resistance R shown in FIG. 3 (b) is the unit resistance of the high-resistance electrically conductive weft threads S in relation to the length of the distance between the key devices 14E.
- the electrical resistance resulting from the skin conductance of the touching finger is labeled Rf in Fig. 3 (b).
- Reference key devices 14E, 14R are thus R f , R f being substantially smaller than the unit resistance R. If the finger touches an input key device 14E together with a reference key device 14R and shorts it with a short-circuit resistor R f , the position of the latter can be actuated
- FIGS. 4 shows basic diagrams of an embodiment of an evaluation device in which an inadvertent activation or actuation of a switching operation of a key device can be prevented by "dynamic pattern recognition".
- the evaluation device used here is designed to recognize the chronological order in which the individual key devices 14 of the keypad are activated. Only when the key devices 14 are in a predetermined chronological order, i.e. are actuated and recognized in a certain defined pattern, a corresponding control signal is output or an assigned function is carried out.
- Each of the key device 14 shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and (b) can each consist of an input key device 14E and a reference key device 14R.
- FIGS. 4 (a) and (b) show a variant of a dynamic pattern recognition of a 3X3 keypad, which can be used, for example, to control a device for audio playback.
- the arrows represent the swiping directions of the finger or actuation sequences of the key matrix expected by the system for a specific control action.
- the volume control (vol- and vol +) and the fast forward and rewind (next, previous) are selected. If the evaluation device detects other, non-predetermined input patterns, for example an input pattern which is shown by the oblique arrow in FIG. 4 (a), no control signal is output. Instead, such non-predetermined patterns are rejected by the evaluation device and interpreted as unintentional actuations.
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic cross-sectional view through a preferred embodiment of an input device with a capacitive evaluation device 20.
- the cross-section shows the electrical connection of one of the key devices 14 to the evaluation device 20 by means of electrical connections 16 via an electrically conductive thread 28.
- the conductive thread 28 is insulated from the key devices 14 and the shielding device AE, which represents a ground plate, by electrical insulation 30.
- the capacitive evaluation device 20, i.e. the capacitance sensor is connected via conductor 19 to a voltage supply (not shown) and external circuits which process the output signals of the evaluation device 20. For mechanical and chemical protection, the entire
- the device may be provided with a waterproof encapsulation 32, on the surface of which a textile top layer 34 is preferably arranged. Due to the capacitive coupling between the finger 26 and the button device 14, no electrically conductive connection between the finger 26 and the button device 14 is required to actuate the button device 14.
- the preferred input devices described above for data input or control in Garments are also conceivable as general touch sensor applications, which can be used, for example, in fabric covers for furnishing, furniture, wall coverings, etc.
- the keys are preferably made "invisible” in that they are made of a transparent conductive silicone adhesive. Only the dynamic patterns to be actuated are visibly represented, for example, by arrows using color printing on the fabric carrier. In this case, the user does not notice the underlying matrix structure of the key devices.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Push-Button Switches (AREA)
- Input From Keyboards Or The Like (AREA)
- Woven Fabrics (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10161598 | 2001-12-14 | ||
DE10161598 | 2001-12-14 | ||
DE10220642A DE10220642A1 (de) | 2001-12-14 | 2002-05-08 | Keypad in Textilien mit kapazativer Ausleseschaltung |
DE10220642 | 2002-05-08 | ||
PCT/EP2002/013748 WO2003052541A2 (de) | 2001-12-14 | 2002-12-04 | Keypad in textilien mit kapazativer ausleseschaltung |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1456739A2 true EP1456739A2 (de) | 2004-09-15 |
Family
ID=26010782
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP02799739A Withdrawn EP1456739A2 (de) | 2001-12-14 | 2002-12-04 | Keypad in textilien mit kapazativer ausleseschaltung |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7230610B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1456739A2 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2003052541A2 (de) |
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