EP1451452A1 - Method and system for regenerating diesel particle filters - Google Patents

Method and system for regenerating diesel particle filters

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Publication number
EP1451452A1
EP1451452A1 EP02776866A EP02776866A EP1451452A1 EP 1451452 A1 EP1451452 A1 EP 1451452A1 EP 02776866 A EP02776866 A EP 02776866A EP 02776866 A EP02776866 A EP 02776866A EP 1451452 A1 EP1451452 A1 EP 1451452A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
exhaust gas
diesel particle
particle filter
diesel
circulating air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02776866A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1451452B1 (en
Inventor
Dietmar Steiner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1451452A1 publication Critical patent/EP1451452A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1451452B1 publication Critical patent/EP1451452B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/027—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using electric or magnetic heating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/031—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters having means for by-passing filters, e.g. when clogged or during cold engine start
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/30—Arrangements for supply of additional air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/30—Arrangements for supply of additional air
    • F01N3/32—Arrangements for supply of additional air using air pump
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S55/00—Gas separation
    • Y10S55/10—Residue burned
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S55/00—Gas separation
    • Y10S55/30—Exhaust treatment

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and an arrangement for the regeneration of diesel particle filters according to the preamble of patent claim 1 and the preamble of patent claim 8.
  • DPF diesel particle filters
  • the particles thus stored in the filter increase the exhaust gas back pressure, which is why the diesel particle filter must be regenerated at intervals between 200-500 km.
  • the regeneration takes place by burning off (oxidation) of the stored particles.
  • the particles typically have to be heated to about 600 ° C.
  • the particles are expediently heated via convective heat input through the exhaust gas stream.
  • the temperature of the exhaust gas stream optimized for consumption However, diesel engines (TDI, CDI) only exceed 300 ° C at a few operating points. The exhaust gas must therefore be reheated during regeneration.
  • Diesel particle filter guided and electrically heated Such full flow systems dispense with switchable flaps and are relatively inexpensive and compact to manufacture.
  • a disadvantage of such solutions is that the complete exhaust gas mass flow has to be heated above the ignition temperature of the diesel soot.
  • the minimum heating power For one Heating this typically obtained mass flow by 400 K, the minimum heating power, neglecting losses, is 33 kW. Since a maximum of 2-2.5 kW of electrical heating power can be achieved with a 12-volt electrical system, partial current solutions are generally preferred.
  • a conventional partial flow system is shown in FIG. 1.
  • a flap 4 is introduced into the exhaust gas feed line 3 of these diesel particle filters, by means of which the exhaust gas in the feed line 3 can be selectively fed into the diesel particle filter 1 via a feed line 3a, or into the diesel particle filter via a feed line 3b 2 is insertable.
  • the diesel particulate filters 1, 2 are each formed with electric heaters la, 2a.
  • About a blower 5 is
  • Fresh air can be introduced into the supply lines 3a, 3b. Exhaust gas escaping from the diesel particle filters 1, 2 is discharged via discharge lines 6a and 6b, which lead to a line 6.
  • the diesel particulate filters are expediently subjected to regeneration individually.
  • the remaining residual current is heated electrically, or else fossil, and heats the diesel particle filter 1 and the diesel soot stored therein. If the residual oxygen content of the exhaust gas flow is too low, fresh air can be supplied by the fan 5.
  • the maximum pressure build-up of the blower typically up to 150 hPa, limits its use to relatively low overpressures in the exhaust system.
  • the size of the partial stream can be set or dimensioned so that the diesel particulate filter 1 is brought to the maximum realizable electrical heating power over the flame temperature of the diesel soot in a short time.
  • the diesel particle filter 2 can then be regenerated. It is also possible to provide phases between the regeneration of the individual diesel particulate filters in which both diesel particulate filters are uniformly subjected to exhaust gas in accordance with normal operation.
  • the aim of the invention is to carry out a regeneration of diesel particle filters in the simplest and least possible manner.
  • the measure according to the invention of carrying out the regeneration in an at least partially closed circulating air circuit enables regeneration essentially independent of the size of the exhaust gas flow, the residual oxygen content and the pressure level. Because the exhaust gas is passed through the diesel particle filter several times, the heating-up time is greatly shortened, as a result of which energy can be saved.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention are the subject of the dependent claims. It is expedient to provide ambient air for the circulating air circuit. Due to the small mass flow in the circulating air circuit that can be implemented according to the invention and such a limited fresh air metering, high temperatures in the diesel particle filter can be achieved very quickly despite the low electrical heating output. This makes it possible to effectively regenerate the diesel particle filter even without the addition of a diesel fuel, so that ash formation in the diesel particle filter due to inorganic additive residues can also be avoided.
  • the controlled addition of fresh air or oxygen to the circulating air flow provides, in addition to the size of the circulating air flow, which can be regulated by a fan speed, and the electrical heating output, a further parameter for controlling the temperature of the
  • the soot burn-off generated during the regeneration of the at least one diesel particle filter is measured via a differential oxygen measurement on the inlet or outlet side of the
  • Diesel particulate filter This measuring method proves to be very reliable in practice.
  • oxygen sensors that can be positioned in front of and behind the diesel particle filter are provided.
  • Exhaust gas stream acting on the diesel particle filter is diverted such that a first diesel particle filter is subjected essentially to the complete exhaust gas flow and, at the same time, a closed circulating air circuit is generated with respect to the second diesel particle filter.
  • a first diesel particle filter is subjected essentially to the complete exhaust gas flow and, at the same time, a closed circulating air circuit is generated with respect to the second diesel particle filter.
  • portions between 80 and 100% of the total exhaust gas flow are referred to as essentially complete exhaust gas flows.
  • FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of a preferred embodiment of an arrangement according to the invention for the regeneration of two diesel particle filters
  • FIG. 3 shows the block diagram according to FIG. 2, with a preferred embodiment of the invention being shown to illustrate a first phase Regeneration process the exhaust gas or Gas flows are shown, and
  • FIG. 4 shows the block diagram according to FIG. 2, with a preferred embodiment of the invention being shown to illustrate a second phase
  • FIG. 2 it can be seen that the preferred embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention shown has two diesel particle filters 21, 22, each with an associated electric heater 21a, 22a, analogous to the already described arrangement according to the prior art.
  • Exhaust gas can be supplied to the diesel particle filters 21, 22 via an exhaust gas supply line 23.
  • the line 23 can be connected via a flap 24 to a first exhaust gas supply line 23a, which is connected to the diesel particle filter 21, and to a second exhaust gas supply line 23b, which is connected to the diesel particle 22.
  • a flap 24 By appropriate position of the flap 24, it is possible to distribute the exhaust gas flow flowing through the exhaust gas supply line 23 in any manner to the diesel particle filter 21 or 22.
  • discharge lines 26a and 26b which lead out of the respective diesel particle filters, act on a flap 27.
  • the flap 27 can ensure in a first position that the discharge lines 26a, 26b open into a common discharge line 26. In a second position, the flap 27 is adjustable such that gas (exhaust gas) flowing through the lines 26a or 26b via a line 30, a flap 28, a line 32, a blower 25 and the Flap 24 can be guided back into the respective diesel particle filter 21, 22.
  • Fresh air can be introduced into the exhaust gas flow via the flap 28 by means of a supply line 29.
  • FIG. 3 shows an example of the first phase of regeneration of the lower diesel particle filter 22.
  • the flaps 24 and 27 are set such that the entire exhaust gas stream flowing in via the supply line 23 is directed onto the upper diesel particle filter 21 and from there into the discharge line 6. This stream is illustrated by the dashed arrows.
  • This setting of the flaps 24 and 27 and an additional closed position of the flap 28 have the effect that a closed line system is simultaneously produced with respect to the lower diesel particle filter 22.
  • the blower 25 only has to convey a relatively small mass flow, namely the mass flow which, at the time of the aforementioned setting of the flaps 24, 27 and 28, is located within the diesel particle filter 22 and the closed line system (lines 23b, 26b, 30, 32 and 31) located.
  • the maximum mass flow to be delivered here is approximately 20 kg / h, as a result of which the pressure drop over the one filled with soot Diesel particle filter 22 is relatively small, typically a maximum of 50 hPa.
  • the electric heater 22a which is expediently designed as an electric heating coil, heats the
  • Diesel particle filter 22 via radiation coupling and convectively via the circulating air flow. Since no air initially emerges from the system, the heating takes place very quickly, as mentioned.
  • the flap 28 opens and mixes fresh air into the circulating air circuit in a controlled manner.
  • a maximum permissible temperature for the fan for example 300 ° C.
  • the flap 28 opens and mixes fresh air into the circulating air circuit in a controlled manner.
  • circulating air is simultaneously blown out of the closed circuit into the exhaust tract (discharge line 6), a balance being expediently established between the fresh air drawn in and the circulating air expelled.
  • the position of the flap 28 is controlled in such a way that the maximum permissible temperature for the fan 25 is never exceeded. This state is shown in FIG. 4, the fresh air flow and the blow-out flow being illustrated by means of dotted arrows.
  • the diesel particle filter 22 continues until the ignition temperature of the stored soot warmed.
  • the "igniting" of the diesel soot can be carried out by measuring the oxygen consumption due to the oxidation within the diesel particle filter 22. For this purpose, it proves to be useful, on the input side and on the output side of the
  • a corresponding temperature measuring device by means of which a steep temperature rise characterizing the "ignition" can be ascertained, is schematically designated by 42 in FIG.
  • the temperature of the diesel particle filter 22 can be controlled by controlling the heating power of the electric heater 22a or the delivery volume of the blower 25. It can also be controlled
  • Fresh air metering by actuating the flap 28), the oxygen content of the circulating air and thus the speed of the soot burn-up can be controlled. With these measures, overheating and damage to the diesel particle filter 22 can be effectively caused by the combustion of the
  • Diesel soot released combustion enthalpy can be prevented.
  • Diesel particle filter 21 only to be introduced at a later time. It is of course possible to provide lambda probes and / or a temperature measuring device for the diesel particle filter 21 analogous to the diesel particle filter 22, which are not shown in detail in FIG. 3 for reasons of clarity.
  • the regeneration of the diesel particulate filter takes place in the at least partially closed circulating air circuit regardless of the level of the exhaust gas flow and the residual oxygen content and pressure level of the exhaust gas flow.
  • An inserted fan only has to overcome the back pressure or the pressure drop of a diesel particle filter.
  • the heating-up time for a diesel particulate filter can be shortened considerably, which saves energy. Due to the small mass flow in the circulating air circuit and the limited fresh air metering, high temperatures can be reached in the diesel particle filter despite the low electrical heating output. As a result, the diesel particulate filter can be regenerated effectively even without adding diesel fuel.
  • the controlled fresh air or oxygen admixture to the circulating air flow provides, in addition to the size of the circulating air flow, which can be adjusted by the fan speed, and the electrical heating output, a further control element Temperature control of the diesel particulate filter during the "ignition" of the soot. This allows local and temporal temperature peaks in a diesel particulate filter to be avoided, which significantly extends its life expectancy.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for regenerating at least one diesel particle filter, according to which exhaust gas is introduced into the at least one diesel particle filter via a feed pipe and is discharged therefrom via a discharge pipe. The exhaust gas passing through the diesel particle filter is heated up and a closed recirculating circuit is produced via which the exhaust gas discharged from the at least one diesel particle filter is again introduced into the same.

Description

Verfahren und Anor«dnung zur Regeneration von DieselpartikelfilternProcess and arrangement for the regeneration of diesel particulate filters
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Anordnung zur Regeneration von Dieselpartikelfiltern nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 bzw. dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 8.The present invention relates to a method and an arrangement for the regeneration of diesel particle filters according to the preamble of patent claim 1 and the preamble of patent claim 8.
Partikelgrenzwerte der Euro-IV-Abgasnorm (0,05 g/km) können von schweren Fahrzeugen nur noch mit Dieselpartikelfiltern (DPF) eingehalten werden. DPF-Systeme schneiden typischerweise 90-95 % der emittierten Partikel ab. Die hierdurch im Filter eingelagerten Partikel erhöhen den Äbgasgegendruck, weshalb der Dieselpartikelfilter in Intervallen zwischen 200-500 km regeneriert werden muß. Die Regeneration erfolgt durch Abbrand (Oxidation) der eingelagerten Partikel. Hierzu müssen die Partikel typischerweise auf etwa 600 °C erhitzt werden. Zweckmäßigerweise erfolgt die Erwärmung der Partikel über konvektiven Wärmeeintrag durch den Abgasstrom. Die Temperatur des Abgasstroms verbrauchsoptimierter Dieselmotoren (TDI, CDI) überschreitet jedoch nur in wenigen Betriebspunkten 300 °C. Das Abgas muß daher während der Regeneration nachgeheizt werden. Dies kann elektrisch oder mit Hilfe eines Brenners erfolgen. Da der Restsauerstoffgehalt des Abgases zwischen 3 und 18 % schwankt, ist der Einsatz eines Diesel-Brenners im direkten Abgasstrom ohne zusätzliches Frischluftgebläse problematisch, da nicht zu jedem Zeitpunkt genügend Sauerstoff für die Verbrennung des Kraftstoffes zur Verfügung steht.Particle limits of the Euro IV emissions standard (0.05 g / km) can only be met by heavy vehicles with diesel particle filters (DPF). DPF systems typically cut off 90-95% of the emitted particles. The particles thus stored in the filter increase the exhaust gas back pressure, which is why the diesel particle filter must be regenerated at intervals between 200-500 km. The regeneration takes place by burning off (oxidation) of the stored particles. For this purpose, the particles typically have to be heated to about 600 ° C. The particles are expediently heated via convective heat input through the exhaust gas stream. The temperature of the exhaust gas stream optimized for consumption However, diesel engines (TDI, CDI) only exceed 300 ° C at a few operating points. The exhaust gas must therefore be reheated during regeneration. This can be done electrically or with the help of a burner. Since the residual oxygen content of the exhaust gas fluctuates between 3 and 18%, the use of a diesel burner in the direct exhaust gas flow without an additional fresh air blower is problematic, since not enough oxygen is available at all times for the combustion of the fuel.
Es ist bekannt, die Entflammtemperatur der Partikel durch Additivierung des Dieselkraftstoffes mit organometallischen Eisen- oder Cer-Verbindungen auf etwa 350 °C zu senken. Hierbei ist jedoch zu beachten, daß derartige Additive anorganische Aschen im Partikelfilter zurücklassen, welche zu einem kontinuierlichen Anstieg des durch den Dieselpartikelfilter erzeugten Gegendrucks führen, wodurch ein vorzeitiger Austausch des Filters notwendig werden kann.It is known to reduce the flame temperature of the particles to about 350 ° C. by adding the diesel fuel with organometallic iron or cerium compounds. However, it should be noted here that such additives leave inorganic ashes in the particle filter, which lead to a continuous increase in the back pressure generated by the diesel particle filter, which may necessitate an early replacement of the filter.
Es ist bekannt, insbesondere elektrisch beheizbare Dieselpartikelfilter in Teilstrom- oder Vollstromlösungen einzusetzen. Bei Vollstromsystemen wird bei der Regeneration der gesamte Abgasstrom durch denIt is known to use in particular electrically heatable diesel particle filters in partial flow or full flow solutions. In full flow systems, the entire exhaust gas flow is regenerated by the
Dieselpartikelfilter geleitet und elektrisch erwärmt. Derartige Vollstromsysteme verzichten auf schaltbare Klappen und sind relativ preiswert und kompakt herstellbar. Nachteilig bei derartigen Lösungen ist jedoch, daß der vollständige Abgasmassenstrom über die Entflammtemperatur des Dieselrußes erwärmt werden muß. Als Beispiel sei von einem Hubvollumen von 2,5 Litern, einer Motordrehzahl von 2000 ü/min und einem Ladedruck von 1,4 bar ausgegangen. Dies ergibt einen Abgasstrom von 250 kg/h. Für eine Erwärmung dieses typischerweise erhaltenen Massenstroms um 400 K beträgt die Mindestheizleistung unter Vernachlässigung von Verlusten 33 kW. Da bei einem 12 Volt-Bordnetz maximal 2-2,5 kW elektrische Heizleistung realisierbar sind, werden in der Regel Teilstromlösungen bevorzugt. Ein herkömmliches Teilstromsystem ist in Figur 1 dargestellt. Man erkennt zwei parallel zueinander geschaltete Dieselpartikelfilter 1, 2. In die Abgaszuleitung 3 dieser Dieselpartikelfilter ist eine Klappe 4 eingebracht, mittels der das Abgas in der Zuleitung 3 wahlweise über eine Zuleitung 3a in den Dieselpartikelfilter 1, bzw. über eine Zuleitung 3b in den Dieselpartikelfilter 2 einführbar ist. Die Dieselpartikelfilter 1, 2 sind jeweils mit elektrischen Heizungen la, 2a ausgebildet. Über ein Gebläse 5 istDiesel particle filter guided and electrically heated. Such full flow systems dispense with switchable flaps and are relatively inexpensive and compact to manufacture. However, a disadvantage of such solutions is that the complete exhaust gas mass flow has to be heated above the ignition temperature of the diesel soot. As an example, assume a stroke volume of 2.5 liters, an engine speed of 2000 rpm and a boost pressure of 1.4 bar. This results in an exhaust gas flow of 250 kg / h. For one Heating this typically obtained mass flow by 400 K, the minimum heating power, neglecting losses, is 33 kW. Since a maximum of 2-2.5 kW of electrical heating power can be achieved with a 12-volt electrical system, partial current solutions are generally preferred. A conventional partial flow system is shown in FIG. 1. Two diesel particle filters 1, 2 connected in parallel to one another can be seen. A flap 4 is introduced into the exhaust gas feed line 3 of these diesel particle filters, by means of which the exhaust gas in the feed line 3 can be selectively fed into the diesel particle filter 1 via a feed line 3a, or into the diesel particle filter via a feed line 3b 2 is insertable. The diesel particulate filters 1, 2 are each formed with electric heaters la, 2a. About a blower 5 is
Frischluft in die Zuleitungen 3a, 3b einbringbar. Aus den Dieselpartikelfiltern 1, 2 austretendes Abgas wird über Abführleitungen 6a bzw. 6b, welche in einer Leitung 6 münden, abgeführt.Fresh air can be introduced into the supply lines 3a, 3b. Exhaust gas escaping from the diesel particle filters 1, 2 is discharged via discharge lines 6a and 6b, which lead to a line 6.
Bei einer derartigen Anordnung werden die Dieselpartikelfilter zweckmäßigerweise einzeln einer Regeneration unterzogen. Beispielsweise wird während der Regeneration des Dieselpartikelfilters 1 mittels des Klappenmechanismus 4 der Großteil (bspw. 90 %) desIn such an arrangement, the diesel particulate filters are expediently subjected to regeneration individually. For example, during the regeneration of the diesel particulate filter 1 by means of the flap mechanism 4, the majority (for example 90%) of the
Abgasstromes durch den Dieselpartikelfilter 2 geleitet. Der verbleibende Reststrom wird elektrisch, oder auch fossil, beheizt und erwärmt den Dieselpartikelfilter 1 sowie den hierin eingelagerten Dieselruß. Falls der Restsauerstoffgehalt des Abgasstromes zu gering ist, kann durch das Gebläse 5 Frischluft zugeführt werden. Der maximale Druckaufbau des Gebläses, typischerweise bis zu 150 hPa, beschränkt dessen Einsatz jedoch auf relativ kleine Überdrücke im Abgastrakt. Die Größe des Teilstromes kann so eingestellt bzw. bemessen werden, daß der Dieselpartikelfilter 1 in kurzer Zeit mit der maximal realisierbaren elektrischen Heizleistung über die Entflammtemperatur des Dieselrußes gebracht wird.Exhaust gas flow passed through the diesel particulate filter 2. The remaining residual current is heated electrically, or else fossil, and heats the diesel particle filter 1 and the diesel soot stored therein. If the residual oxygen content of the exhaust gas flow is too low, fresh air can be supplied by the fan 5. The maximum pressure build-up of the blower, typically up to 150 hPa, limits its use to relatively low overpressures in the exhaust system. The size of the partial stream can be set or dimensioned so that the diesel particulate filter 1 is brought to the maximum realizable electrical heating power over the flame temperature of the diesel soot in a short time.
Nach dem Ende der Regeneration des Dieselpartikelfilters 1 kann dann der Dieselpartikelfilter 2 regeneriert werden. Es ist ebenfalls möglich, zwischen der Regeneration der einzelnen Dieselpartikelfilter Phasen vorzusehen, in denen beide Dieselpartikelfilter entsprechend einem Normalbetrieb gleichmäßig mit Abgas beaufschlagt werden.After the regeneration of the diesel particle filter 1 has ended, the diesel particle filter 2 can then be regenerated. It is also possible to provide phases between the regeneration of the individual diesel particulate filters in which both diesel particulate filters are uniformly subjected to exhaust gas in accordance with normal operation.
Ziel der Erfindung ist es, eine Regeneration von Dieselpartikelfiltern in möglichst einfacher und unaufwendiger Weise durchzuführen.The aim of the invention is to carry out a regeneration of diesel particle filters in the simplest and least possible manner.
Dieses Ziel wird erreicht durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 sowie eine Anordnung mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 8.This aim is achieved by a method with the features of claim 1 and an arrangement with the features of claim 8.
Die erfindungsgemäße Maßnahme, die Regeneration in einem wenigstens teilweise geschlossen Umluftkreislauf durchzuführen, ermöglicht eine Regeneration im wesentlichen unabhängig von der Größe des Abgasstromes, des Restsauerstoffgehaltes und des Druckniveaus. Dadurch, daß das Abgas mehrfach durch den Dieselpartikelfilter durchgeführt wird, ist die Aufheizzeit stark verkürzt, wodurch Energie eingespart werden kann.The measure according to the invention of carrying out the regeneration in an at least partially closed circulating air circuit enables regeneration essentially independent of the size of the exhaust gas flow, the residual oxygen content and the pressure level. Because the exhaust gas is passed through the diesel particle filter several times, the heating-up time is greatly shortened, as a result of which energy can be saved.
Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens bzw. der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche . Zweckmäßigerweise ist vorgesehen, dem Umluftkreislauf Umgebungsluft beizumischen. Durch den erfindungsgemäß realisierbaren kleinen Massenstrom im Umluftkreislauf sowie eine derartige beschränkte Frischluftzumessung können trotz geringer elektrischer Heizleistung hohe Temperaturen im Dieselpartikelfilter sehr schnell realisiert werden. Hierdurch ist es möglich, den Dieselpartikelfilter auch ohne Additivierung eines Dieselkraftstoffes wirksam zu regenerieren, so daß auch eine Aschebildung im Dieselpartikelfilter durch anorganische Additivrückstände vermieden werden kann. Die kontrollierte Frischluft- bzw. Sauerstoffbeimischung zum Umluftstrom stellt neben der Größe des UmluftStromes, welche durch eine Gebläsedrehzahl regelbar ist, sowie der elektrischen Heizleistung einen weiteren Parameter zur Temperaturregelung desAn advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention are the subject of the dependent claims. It is expedient to provide ambient air for the circulating air circuit. Due to the small mass flow in the circulating air circuit that can be implemented according to the invention and such a limited fresh air metering, high temperatures in the diesel particle filter can be achieved very quickly despite the low electrical heating output. This makes it possible to effectively regenerate the diesel particle filter even without the addition of a diesel fuel, so that ash formation in the diesel particle filter due to inorganic additive residues can also be avoided. The controlled addition of fresh air or oxygen to the circulating air flow provides, in addition to the size of the circulating air flow, which can be regulated by a fan speed, and the electrical heating output, a further parameter for controlling the temperature of the
Dieselpartikelfilters während des '"Durchzündens" des Rußes dar. Durch eine entsprechende Regelung dieser Parameter können örtliche und zeitliche Temperaturspitzen im Dieselpartikelfilter vermieden werden, wodurch sich dessen Lebenserwartung verlängert.Diesel particulate filter during the " " ignition "of the soot. Local and temporal temperature peaks in the diesel particulate filter can be avoided by a corresponding regulation of these parameters, which extends its life expectancy.
Zweckmäßigerweise ist es möglich, parallel zu der Einführung von Frischluft in den im wesentlichen geschlossenen Kreislauf die Ausblasung von Umluft aus dem Kreislauf vorzusehen.It is expediently possible to provide for the blowing out of circulating air from the circuit in parallel with the introduction of fresh air into the essentially closed circuit.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens erfolgt eine Detektion des im Rahmen der Regeneration des wenigsten einen Dieselpartikelfilters erzeugten Rußabbrandes über eine Differenzsauerstof essung an der Eintritts- bzw. Austrittsseite desAccording to a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the soot burn-off generated during the regeneration of the at least one diesel particle filter is measured via a differential oxygen measurement on the inlet or outlet side of the
Dieselpartikelfilters. Dieses Meßverfahren erweist sich in der Praxis als sehr zuverlässig. Im Rahmen der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung sind als hierfür geeignete Mittel beispielsweise vor und hinter dem Dieselpartikelfilter positionierbare Sauerstoffsensoren vorgesehen.Diesel particulate filter. This measuring method proves to be very reliable in practice. In the context of the arrangement according to the invention are suitable for this Means, for example, oxygen sensors that can be positioned in front of and behind the diesel particle filter are provided.
Es erweist sich als vorteilhaft, wenn die Menge zugeführter Frischluft der Menge ausgeblasener Umluft entspricht.It proves to be advantageous if the amount of fresh air supplied corresponds to the amount of circulated air blown out.
Gemäß einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens bzw. der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung wird ein zwei parallel geschalteteAccording to a particularly preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention or the arrangement according to the invention, one is connected in parallel
Dieselpartikelfilter beaufschlagender Abgasstrom derart umgeleitet, daß ein erster Dieselpartikelfilter im wesentlichen mit dem vollständigen Abgasstrom beaufschlagt wird und gleichzeitig bezüglich des zweiten Dieselpartikelfilters ein geschlossener Umluftkreislauf erzeugt wird. Als im wesentlichen vollständiger Abgasstrom werden hierbei insbesondere Anteile zwischen 80 und 100 % des Gesamtabgasstromes bezeichnet.Exhaust gas stream acting on the diesel particle filter is diverted such that a first diesel particle filter is subjected essentially to the complete exhaust gas flow and, at the same time, a closed circulating air circuit is generated with respect to the second diesel particle filter. In this context, portions between 80 and 100% of the total exhaust gas flow are referred to as essentially complete exhaust gas flows.
Die Erfindung wird nun anhand der beigefügten Zeichnung weiter erläutert. In dieser zeigtThe invention will now be explained with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this shows
Figur 1, wie bereits erwähnt, ein Blockschaltbild zur Erläuterung einer elektrischen Regeneration von Dieselpartikelfiltern gemäß dem Stand der Technik,1, as already mentioned, a block diagram to explain an electrical regeneration of diesel particle filters according to the prior art,
Figur 2 ein Blockschaltbild einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung zur Regeneration von zwei Dieselpartikelfiltern,FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of a preferred embodiment of an arrangement according to the invention for the regeneration of two diesel particle filters,
Figur 3 das Blockschaltbild gemäß Figur 2, wobei zur Darstellung einer ersten Phase einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Regenerationsverfahrens die hierbei auftretenden Abgasbzw. Gasströme dargestellt sind, undFIG. 3 shows the block diagram according to FIG. 2, with a preferred embodiment of the invention being shown to illustrate a first phase Regeneration process the exhaust gas or Gas flows are shown, and
Figur 4 das Blockschaltbild gemäß Figur 2, wobei zur Darstellung einer zweiten Phase einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßenFIG. 4 shows the block diagram according to FIG. 2, with a preferred embodiment of the invention being shown to illustrate a second phase
Regenerationsverfahrens die hierbei auftretenden Abgasbzw. Gasströme dargestellt sind.Regeneration process the exhaust gas or Gas flows are shown.
In Figur 2 erkennt man, daß die dargestellte bevorzugte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung analog zu der bereits beschriebenen Anordnung gemäß dem Stand der Technik zwei Dieselpartikelfilter 21, 22 mit jeweils zugeordneter elektrischer Heizung 21a, 22a aufweist. Den Dieselpartikelfiltern 21, 22 ist über eine Abgaszuleitung 23 Abgas zuführbar. Die Leitung 23 ist über eine Klappe 24 mit einer ersten Abgaszuleitung 23a, welche mit dem Dieselpartikelfilter 21, und einer einer zweiten Abgaszuleitung 23b, welche mit dem Dieselpartikel 22 verbunden ist, in Verbindung bringbar. Durch entsprechende Stellung der Klappe 24 ist es möglich, den durch die Abgaszuleitung 23 strömenden Abgasstrom in beliebiger Weise auf die Dieselpartikelfilter 21 bzw. 22 zu verteilen.In FIG. 2 it can be seen that the preferred embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention shown has two diesel particle filters 21, 22, each with an associated electric heater 21a, 22a, analogous to the already described arrangement according to the prior art. Exhaust gas can be supplied to the diesel particle filters 21, 22 via an exhaust gas supply line 23. The line 23 can be connected via a flap 24 to a first exhaust gas supply line 23a, which is connected to the diesel particle filter 21, and to a second exhaust gas supply line 23b, which is connected to the diesel particle 22. By appropriate position of the flap 24, it is possible to distribute the exhaust gas flow flowing through the exhaust gas supply line 23 in any manner to the diesel particle filter 21 or 22.
Man erkennt ferner, daß Abführleitungen 26a bzw. 26b, welche aus den jeweiligen Dieselpartikelfiltern herausführen, eine Klappe 27 beaufschlagen. Die Klappe 27 kann in einer ersten Stellung gewährleisten, daß die Abführleitungen 26a, 26b in einer gemeinsamen Abführleitung 26 münden. In einer zweiten Stellung ist die Klappe 27 derart einstellbar, daß die Leitungen 26a oder 26b durchströmendes Gas (Abgas) über eine Leitung 30 eine Klappe 28, in eine Leitung 32, ein Gebläse 25 und die Klappe 24 zurück in die jeweiligen Dieselpartikelfilter 21, 22 geführt werden kann.It can also be seen that discharge lines 26a and 26b, which lead out of the respective diesel particle filters, act on a flap 27. The flap 27 can ensure in a first position that the discharge lines 26a, 26b open into a common discharge line 26. In a second position, the flap 27 is adjustable such that gas (exhaust gas) flowing through the lines 26a or 26b via a line 30, a flap 28, a line 32, a blower 25 and the Flap 24 can be guided back into the respective diesel particle filter 21, 22.
Über die Klappe 28 ist mittels einer Zuführleitung 29 Frischluft in den Abgasstrom einführbar.Fresh air can be introduced into the exhaust gas flow via the flap 28 by means of a supply line 29.
Durch entsprechende Einstellung der Klappen 24, 27 und 28 ist es in einfacher Weise möglich, die Gasströme zur Realisierung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zu leiten. Dies wird im folgenden anhand der Figuren 3 und 4 erläutert.By appropriate adjustment of the flaps 24, 27 and 28, it is possible in a simple manner to direct the gas flows to implement the method according to the invention. This is explained below with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.
In Figur 3 ist beispielhaft die erste Phase einer Regeneration des unteren Dieselpartikelfilters 22 dargestellt. Die Klappen 24 und 27 sind derart eingestellt, daß der gesamte über die Zuführleitung 23 einströmende Abgasstrom auf den oberen Dieselpartikelfilter 21, und von diesem in die Abführleitung 6 geleitet wird. Dieser Strom ist mittels der gestrichelten Pfeile veranschaulicht. Diese Einstellung der Klappen 24 und 27, und eine zusätzliche geschlossene Stellung der Klappe 28 bewirkt, daß gleichzeitig bezüglich des unteren Dieselpartikelfilters 22 ein geschlossenes Leitungssystem erzeugt wird. Durch Einschaltung des Gebläses 25 ist es somit möglich, den Dieselpartikelfilter 22 im Umluftmodus mit Abgas zu beaufschlagen. Das Gebläse 25 muß hierbei nur einen relativ kleinen Massenstrom fördern, nämlich den Massenstrom, der zum Zeitpunkt der erwähnten Einstellung der Klappen 24, 27 und 28 sich innerhalb des Dieselpartikelfilters 22 und des geschlossenen Leitungssystems (Leitungen 23b, 26b, 30, 32 und 31) befindet. Bei typischen Dimensionierungen von Regenerationssystemen ist davon auszugehen, daß der maximal zu fördernde Massenstrom hier bei etwa 20 kg/h beträgt, wodurch der Druckabfall über den mit Ruß gefüllten Dieselpartikelfilter 22 relativ klein ist, typischerweise maximal 50 hPa.FIG. 3 shows an example of the first phase of regeneration of the lower diesel particle filter 22. The flaps 24 and 27 are set such that the entire exhaust gas stream flowing in via the supply line 23 is directed onto the upper diesel particle filter 21 and from there into the discharge line 6. This stream is illustrated by the dashed arrows. This setting of the flaps 24 and 27 and an additional closed position of the flap 28 have the effect that a closed line system is simultaneously produced with respect to the lower diesel particle filter 22. By switching on the blower 25, it is thus possible to apply exhaust gas to the diesel particle filter 22 in the recirculation mode. The blower 25 only has to convey a relatively small mass flow, namely the mass flow which, at the time of the aforementioned setting of the flaps 24, 27 and 28, is located within the diesel particle filter 22 and the closed line system (lines 23b, 26b, 30, 32 and 31) located. With typical dimensions of regeneration systems, it can be assumed that the maximum mass flow to be delivered here is approximately 20 kg / h, as a result of which the pressure drop over the one filled with soot Diesel particle filter 22 is relatively small, typically a maximum of 50 hPa.
Durch Einschaltung der elektrischen Heizung 22a des Dieselpartikelfilters 22 ist es nun möglich, daß denBy switching on the electric heater 22a of the diesel particulate filter 22, it is now possible that the
Dieselpartikelfilter im Umluftmodus durchströmende Abgas wirksam zu erwärmen.To effectively heat the exhaust gas flowing through the diesel particle filter in the recirculation mode.
Die elektrische Heizung 22a,, welche zweckmäßigerweise als elektrische Heizspirale ausgebildet ist, erwärmt denThe electric heater 22a, which is expediently designed as an electric heating coil, heats the
Dieselpartikelfilter 22 über Strahlungseinkopplung sowie konvektiv über den Umluftstrom. Da zunächst keine Luft aus dem System austritt, erfolgt die Aufheizung, wie erwähnt, sehr schnell.Diesel particle filter 22 via radiation coupling and convectively via the circulating air flow. Since no air initially emerges from the system, the heating takes place very quickly, as mentioned.
Die Strömungswege zur Realisierung des Umluftmodus sind in Figur 3 mittels der durchgezogenen Pfeile veranschaulicht.The flow paths for implementing the recirculation mode are illustrated in FIG. 3 by means of the solid arrows.
Bei Erreichen einer für das Gebläse maximal zulässigen Temperatur, bspw. 300 °C, öffnet die Klappe 28 und mischt dem Umluftkreislauf kontrolliert Frischluft zu. Durch entsprechendes Öffnen der Klappe 27 wird gleichzeitig Umluft aus dem geschlossenen Kreislauf in den Abgastrakt (Abführleitung 6) ausgeblasen, wobei zweckmäßigerweise ein Gleichgewicht zwischen angesaugter Frischluft und ausgestoßener Umluft eingestellt wird. Die Position der Klappe 28 wird hierbei derart angesteuert, daß die maximal zulässige Temperatur für das Gebläse 25 zu keinem Zeitpunkt überschritten wird. Dieser Zustand ist in Fig. 4 dargestellt, wobei der Frischluftstrom und der Ausblasstrom mittels punktierten Pfeilen veranschaulicht sind.When a maximum permissible temperature for the fan is reached, for example 300 ° C., the flap 28 opens and mixes fresh air into the circulating air circuit in a controlled manner. By correspondingly opening the flap 27, circulating air is simultaneously blown out of the closed circuit into the exhaust tract (discharge line 6), a balance being expediently established between the fresh air drawn in and the circulating air expelled. The position of the flap 28 is controlled in such a way that the maximum permissible temperature for the fan 25 is never exceeded. This state is shown in FIG. 4, the fresh air flow and the blow-out flow being illustrated by means of dotted arrows.
Der Dieselpartikelfilter 22 wird in diesem Betriebsmodus weiter bis zum Erreichen der Entflammtemperatur des eingelagerten Rußes erwärmt. Das "Durchzünden" des Dieselrußes kann durch Messung des Sauerstoffverbrauchs aufgrund der Oxidation innerhalb des Dieselpartikelfilters 22 durchgeführt werden. Hierzu erweist es sich als zweckmäßig, eingangsseitig und ausgangsseitig von demIn this operating mode, the diesel particle filter 22 continues until the ignition temperature of the stored soot warmed. The "igniting" of the diesel soot can be carried out by measuring the oxygen consumption due to the oxidation within the diesel particle filter 22. For this purpose, it proves to be useful, on the input side and on the output side of the
Dieselpartikelfilter 22 Lambdasonden 40, 41 vorzusehen. Es ist ebenfalls möglich, über entsprechende eingangs- und ausgangsseitige Druckmessungen den Druckabfall innerhalb des Dieselpartikelfilters zu messen. Die Feststellung des "Durchzündens" des Dieselrußes ist schließlich mit einer ausgangsseitigen Temperaturmessung möglich. Eine entsprechende Temperaturmesseinrichtung, mittels der ein das "Durchzünden" charakterisierender steiler Temperaturanstieg feststellbar ist, ist in Figur 3 schematisch mit 42 bezeichnet.To provide diesel particulate filter 22 lambda probes 40, 41. It is also possible to measure the pressure drop within the diesel particulate filter using appropriate pressure measurements on the input and output sides. The determination of the "ignition" of the diesel soot is finally possible with a temperature measurement on the output side. A corresponding temperature measuring device, by means of which a steep temperature rise characterizing the "ignition" can be ascertained, is schematically designated by 42 in FIG.
Die Temperatur des Dieselpartikelfilters 22 kann durch Ansteuerung der Heizleistung der elektrischen Heizung 22a oder des Fördervolumens des Gebläses 25 kontrolliert werden. Ferner kann über die kontrollierteThe temperature of the diesel particle filter 22 can be controlled by controlling the heating power of the electric heater 22a or the delivery volume of the blower 25. It can also be controlled
Frischluftzumessung (durch Ansteuerung der Klappe 28) der Sauerstoffgehalt der Umluft und damit die Geschwindigkeit des Rußabbrandes gesteuert werden. Mit diesen Maßnahmen kann wirkungsvoll ein Überhitzen und eine Beschädigung des Dieselpartikelfilters 22 durch die beim Abbrand desFresh air metering (by actuating the flap 28), the oxygen content of the circulating air and thus the speed of the soot burn-up can be controlled. With these measures, overheating and damage to the diesel particle filter 22 can be effectively caused by the combustion of the
Dieselrußes frei werdende Verbrennungsenthalpie verhindert werden.Diesel soot released combustion enthalpy can be prevented.
Durch entsprechendes Umstellen der Klappen 24 und 27 ist es anschließend möglich, den aus der Zuleitung 23 zugeführten Abgasstrom im wesentlichen vollständig über den Dieselpartikelfilter 22 abzuführen und einen geschlossenen Umluftkreislauf bezüglich des Dieseslpartikelfilters 21 zu erzeugen. Das Umstellen der Klappen 24 und 27 kann unmittelbar nach Beendigung des Regenerationsverfahrens für den Dieselpartikelfilter 22 erfolgen. Es ist ebenfalls möglich, nach der Regeneration des Dieselpartikelfilters 22 zunächst beide Dieselpartikelfilter mit Abgas zu beaufschlagen und die entsprechende Regeneration desBy appropriately changing the flaps 24 and 27, it is then possible to discharge the exhaust gas flow supplied from the feed line 23 essentially completely via the diesel particle filter 22 and to produce a closed air circulation circuit with respect to the diesel particle filter 21. Switching the flaps 24 and 27 can immediately after the end of the regeneration process for the diesel particle filter 22. It is also possible, after the regeneration of the diesel particle filter 22, to initially apply exhaust gas to both diesel particle filters and the corresponding regeneration of the
Dieselpartikelfilters 21 erst zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt einzuleiten. Selbstverständlich ist es möglich, für den Dieselpartikelfilter 21 analog zum Dieselpartikelfilter 22 Lambdasonden und/oder eine Temperaturmesseinrichtung vorzusehen, welche jedoch in Figur 3 aus Gründen der Übersichtlichkeit nicht im einzelnen dargestellt sind.Diesel particle filter 21 only to be introduced at a later time. It is of course possible to provide lambda probes and / or a temperature measuring device for the diesel particle filter 21 analogous to the diesel particle filter 22, which are not shown in detail in FIG. 3 for reasons of clarity.
Die sich erfindungsgemäß ergebenden Vorteile seien abschließend noch einmal wie folgt zusammengefaßt:Finally, the advantages resulting from the invention are summarized as follows:
Die Regeneration der Dieselpartikelfilter erfolgt im wenigstens teilweise geschlossenen Umluftkreis unabhängig von der Höhe des Abgasstromes sowie vom Restsauerstoffgehalt und Druckniveau des Abgasstromes. Ein eingesetztes Gebläse muß lediglich den Gegendruck bzw. den Druckabfall eines Dieselpartikelfilters überwinden. Ferner kann die Aufheizzeit für einen Dieselpartikelfilter stark verkürzt werden, wodurch Energie eingespart wird. Durch den kleinen Massenstrom im Umluftkreis sowie die beschränkte Frischluftzumessung können trotz geringer elektrischer Heizleistung hohe Temperaturen im Dieselpartikelfilter erreicht werden. Hierdurch kann der Dieselpartikelfilter auch ohne Additivierung des Dieselkraftstoffes wirksam regeneriert werden.The regeneration of the diesel particulate filter takes place in the at least partially closed circulating air circuit regardless of the level of the exhaust gas flow and the residual oxygen content and pressure level of the exhaust gas flow. An inserted fan only has to overcome the back pressure or the pressure drop of a diesel particle filter. Furthermore, the heating-up time for a diesel particulate filter can be shortened considerably, which saves energy. Due to the small mass flow in the circulating air circuit and the limited fresh air metering, high temperatures can be reached in the diesel particle filter despite the low electrical heating output. As a result, the diesel particulate filter can be regenerated effectively even without adding diesel fuel.
Die kontrollierte Frischluft- bzw. Sauerstoffbeimengung zum Umluftstrom stellt neben der Größe des Umluftstromes, welche durch die Gebläsedrehzahl einstellbar ist, sowie der elektrischen Heizleistung ein weiteres Stellglied zur Temperaturregelung des Dieselpartikelfilters während des "Durchzündens" des Rußes dar. Hierdurch können örtliche und zeitliche Temperaturspitzen in einem Dieselpartikelfilter vermieden werden, wodurch sich dessen Lebenserwartung deutlich verlängert. The controlled fresh air or oxygen admixture to the circulating air flow provides, in addition to the size of the circulating air flow, which can be adjusted by the fan speed, and the electrical heating output, a further control element Temperature control of the diesel particulate filter during the "ignition" of the soot. This allows local and temporal temperature peaks in a diesel particulate filter to be avoided, which significantly extends its life expectancy.

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1. Verfahren zur Regeneration wenigstens eines1. Method for regeneration of at least one
Dieselpartikelfilters (21; 22) , bei welchem Abgas über eine Zuleitung (23, 23a, 23b) in den wenigstens einen Dieselpartikelfilter (21; 22) eingebracht, und über eine Abführleitung (26, 26a, 26b) aus diesem abgeführt wird, wobei eine Erwärmung des den wenigstens einenDiesel particle filter (21; 22), in which exhaust gas is introduced into the at least one diesel particle filter (21; 22) via a feed line (23, 23a, 23b) and is discharged from the latter via a discharge line (26, 26a, 26b), one Warming up the at least one
Dieselpartikelfilter (21; 22) durchströmenden Abgases erfolgt,Exhaust gas flowing through diesel particle filter (21; 22) takes place,
g e k e n n z e i c h n e t d u r c hmarked by
die Schaffung eines schließbaren Umluft reislaufes, über den aus dem wenigstens einen Dieselpartikelfilter (21; 22) austretendes Abgas erneut in diesen einbringbar ist.the creation of a closable recirculating air circuit, via which the exhaust gas emerging from the at least one diesel particle filter (21; 22) can be introduced again.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dem Umluft reislauf Umgebungsluft hinzugefügt wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that ambient air is added to the circulating air circuit.
3. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in dem Umluftkreislauf zirkulierende Umluft geregelt bzw. gesteuert aus diesem ausblasbar ist.3. The method according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that circulating air circulating in the circulating air circuit is regulated or controlled from this can be blown out.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Menge zugeführter Frischluft der Menge ausgeblasener Umluft entspricht. 4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the amount of fresh air supplied corresponds to the amount of blown circulating air.
5. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein im Rahmen der Regeneration des wenigstens einen Dieselpartikelfilters (21; 22) erzeugter Rußabbrand über eine Differenzsauerstoffmessung an der Eintritts- und Austrittsseite des wenigstens einen Dieselpartikelfilters (21; 22) durchgeführt wird.5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that during the regeneration of the at least one diesel particle filter (21; 22) soot burn-off is carried out via a differential oxygen measurement on the inlet and outlet side of the at least one diesel particle filter (21; 22).
6. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch wenigstens zwei parallel geschaltete Dieselpartikelfilter (21; 22) , wobei ein beide Dieselpartikelfilter beaufschlagender Abgasstrom wahlweise derart umgeleitet wird, daß der im wesentlichen vollständige Abgasstrom über den ersten Dieselpartikelfilter (21) geleitet wird, und bezüglich des zweiten Dieselpartikelfilters (22) ein geschlossener Umluftkreislauf bereitgestellt wird.6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by at least two diesel particle filters (21; 22) connected in parallel, wherein an exhaust gas stream acting on both diesel particle filters is optionally diverted such that the substantially complete exhaust gas stream is passed via the first diesel particle filter (21), and with regard to the second diesel particle filter (22), a closed air circulation circuit is provided.
7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Umleitung der Abgasströme durch in die Zuleitung bzw.7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the diversion of the exhaust gas flows through in the feed line or
Ableitung des Abgasstromes eingebrachte Klappen (24, 27) bewerkstelligt wird.Discharge of the exhaust gas flow introduced flaps (24, 27) is accomplished.
8. Anordnung zur Regeneration wenigstens eines Dieselpartikelfilters (21; 22) , welcher mit einer Zuleitung (23, 23a; 23, 23b) zur Zufuhr von Abgas, und einer Abführleitung (26a, 26; 26, 26b, 26) zum Abführen von Abgas in Verbindung steht, wobei Mittel (21a; 21b) zur Erwärmung des wenigstens einen Dieselpartikelfilters durchströmenden Abgases vorgesehen sind,8. Arrangement for the regeneration of at least one diesel particle filter (21; 22), which has a feed line (23, 23a; 23, 23b) for supplying exhaust gas, and a discharge line (26a, 26; 26, 26b, 26) for discharging exhaust gas is connected, whereby means (21a; 21b) are provided for heating the exhaust gas flowing through at least one diesel particle filter,
gekennzeichnet durch Mittel (24, 23a, 26a, 27, 30, 28, 32, 25, 31; 24, 23b, 26b, 27, 30, 28, 32, 25, 31) zur Schaffung eines schließbaren Umluftkreislaufes, über den aus dem wenigstens einen Dieselpartikelfilter (21; 22) austretendes Abgas erneut in diesen einbringbar ist.marked by Means (24, 23a, 26a, 27, 30, 28, 32, 25, 31; 24, 23b, 26b, 27, 30, 28, 32, 25, 31) for creating a closable circulating air circuit via which at least one Exhaust gas emerging from the diesel particulate filter (21; 22) can be introduced into the exhaust gas again.
9. Anordnung nach Anspruch 8, gekennzeichnet durch Mittel (28, 29) zur Hinzufügung von Umgebungsluft in den9. Arrangement according to claim 8, characterized by means (28, 29) for adding ambient air in the
Umluftkreislauf.Forced air circulation.
10. Anordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 8 oder 9, gekennzeichnet durch Mittel (27) zum geregelten bzw. gesteuerten Ausblasen von Abgas aus dem Umluftkreislauf.10. Arrangement according to one of claims 8 or 9, characterized by means (27) for the regulated or controlled blowing of exhaust gas from the circulating air circuit.
11. Anordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 10, gekennzeichnet durch Mittel (40, 41) zur Differenzsauerstoffmessung an der Eintritts- und Austrittsseite des wenigstens einen Dieselpartikelfilters (21; 22) .11. Arrangement according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized by means (40, 41) for differential oxygen measurement on the inlet and outlet side of the at least one diesel particle filter (21; 22).
12. Anordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 11, bei welcher zwei parallel geschaltete Dieselpartikelfilter (21, 22) derart mit einem Abgastrom beaufschlagbar sind, daß der im wesentlichen vollständige Abgasstrom über einen ersten Dieselpartikelfilter leitbar ist, und bezüglich des zweiten Dieselpartikelfilters ein geschlossener Umluftkreislauf bereitstellbar ist, wobei als Mittel zur entsprechenden Umleitung der Abgasströme in die Zuleitung bzw. Abführleitung einbringbare Klappen (24, 27) vorgesehen sind. 12. Arrangement according to one of claims 8 to 11, in which two parallel connected diesel particle filters (21, 22) can be acted upon with an exhaust gas flow such that the substantially complete exhaust gas flow can be conducted via a first diesel particle filter, and with respect to the second diesel particle filter, a closed air circulation circuit can be provided, with flaps (24, 27) which can be introduced into the feed line or discharge line as means for correspondingly diverting the exhaust gas flows.
EP02776866A 2001-11-29 2002-11-06 Method and system for regenerating diesel particle filters Expired - Lifetime EP1451452B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10158569A DE10158569A1 (en) 2001-11-29 2001-11-29 Method and arrangement for the regeneration of diesel particulate filters
DE10158569 2001-11-29
PCT/DE2002/004102 WO2003048535A1 (en) 2001-11-29 2002-11-06 Method and system for regenerating diesel particle filters

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EP1451452A1 true EP1451452A1 (en) 2004-09-01
EP1451452B1 EP1451452B1 (en) 2005-06-29

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US (1) US7160355B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1451452B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2005511944A (en)
DE (2) DE10158569A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2003048535A1 (en)

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WO2003048535A1 (en) 2003-06-12
EP1451452B1 (en) 2005-06-29
DE10158569A1 (en) 2003-06-12
DE50203531D1 (en) 2005-08-04
US20040112218A1 (en) 2004-06-17
JP2005511944A (en) 2005-04-28
US7160355B2 (en) 2007-01-09

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