EP1450582A1 - Device with PTC heating cable comprising a current limiting device - Google Patents

Device with PTC heating cable comprising a current limiting device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1450582A1
EP1450582A1 EP04290433A EP04290433A EP1450582A1 EP 1450582 A1 EP1450582 A1 EP 1450582A1 EP 04290433 A EP04290433 A EP 04290433A EP 04290433 A EP04290433 A EP 04290433A EP 1450582 A1 EP1450582 A1 EP 1450582A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cable
current
ctp
temperature
heating cable
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EP04290433A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Laurent Dalala
Gérard Pournain
Jean-Claude Da Rocha
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Acome SCOP
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Acome SCOP
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Publication of EP1450582A1 publication Critical patent/EP1450582A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
    • H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
    • H05B1/0227—Applications
    • H05B1/0252—Domestic applications
    • H05B1/0275—Heating of spaces, e.g. rooms, wardrobes
    • H05B1/0277—Electric radiators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/54—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes flexible
    • H05B3/56—Heating cables
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/019—Heaters using heating elements having a negative temperature coefficient
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/02—Heaters using heating elements having a positive temperature coefficient

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of heating cables Self-regulating.
  • These self-regulating heating cables are generally used in individual heating applications of the habitat or in temperature maintenance applications of fluid lines (Tracing).
  • These cables consist of carrying conductors embedded in a semiconductor resin with positive temperature coefficient (PTC).
  • PTC positive temperature coefficient
  • the heating capacity of the heating cable varies in depending on its temperature. This power decreases when the cable temperature increases to self-regulate to an equilibrium value.
  • This oversizing ensures a functioning of the system of even when it is switched on (for example in the case of frost protection or at very low temperatures).
  • current management in the cable can be by an unloader (cascado-cyclic start) in order to avoid current calls too important.
  • An object of the invention is to overcome these disadvantages.
  • the invention proposes a heating device comprising a self-regulating heating cable with a positive temperature coefficient (PTC), characterized in that it further comprises a device for limiting the current flowing through the heating element.
  • PTC positive temperature coefficient
  • the device for limiting current in the CTP heating cable includes a resistive element to negative temperature coefficient (NTC) connected in series with the CTP cable.
  • NTC negative temperature coefficient
  • the negative temperature coefficient (NTC) element has a opposite to that of the CTP cable: indeed, the resistance of the NTC element decreases when its temperature or the current flowing through it increases. So when powering up the CTP cable, the power is limited by the CTN element.
  • the CTN element is chosen so that, during the heating of the CTP cable, the resistance of the CTN element decreases to become negligible with respect to the resistance of the CTP cable. Through Consequently, the CTN element does not modify the properties of the device of heating when it has reached its steady state.
  • the device for current limitation in the heating cable CTP includes an element clipping circuit arranged in series with the CTP cable and an element of switching adapted to selectively direct current to the element clipping.
  • This device makes it possible to reduce the amplitude of the current flowing through the CTP cable when it is turned on. As soon as the temperature of the cable CTP is sufficient, the switching element derives the current of the element clipping to stop clipping.
  • the invention has the advantage of providing an autonomous device for current management in a self-regulating heating cable.
  • the heating device represented comprises a thermal regulation module 3 connected to a probe 2 allowing measure the ambient temperature.
  • This thermal regulation module 3 receives as input a temperature setpoint 1.
  • the heating device further comprises a heating cable self-regulating device 7 having a positive temperature coefficient (PTC), powered by an AC voltage generator 5.
  • PTC positive temperature coefficient
  • the heater also includes a relay 4 controlled by the thermal regulation module 3 and a device for limitation of the current in the CTP cable 7.
  • This device for limiting the current includes a resistive component with a negative temperature coefficient (CTN) 6 arranged in series and thermally coupled with the CTP cable 7.
  • CTN negative temperature coefficient
  • the CTN component is dimensioned so that its resistance varies depending on its temperature.
  • the resistance of the CTN component decreases when its temperature increases.
  • the thermal regulation module 3 continuously compares the ambient temperature measured by probe 2 with the temperature of setpoint 1.
  • thermal control module 3 control relay 4 to keep it in an open state. In this configuration, the CTN 6 component and the CTP 7 cable are not powered by the AC voltage generator 5.
  • the thermal regulation module 3 controls the closing The NTC component 6 and the CTP cable 7 are then powered by the generator 5.
  • the heating module thermal regulation 3 controls the closing of relay 4.
  • the passage of current in the CTP 7 cable causes the heating of the latter by effect Joule.
  • the CTP cable 7 being thermally coupled to the CTN component 6, the latter sees its temperature increase. With the increase of the temperature, the resistance of the CTP cable 7 increases while the resistance of the CTN component decreases.
  • Figure 2 shows the variations of the resistances of the component CTN and CTP cable according to their temperature. This figure also represents the variation of the overall resistance of the component CTN and CTP cable associated in series. We see that this resistance overall is always greater than the resistance of the CTP cable alone.
  • the CTN component helps maintain the resulting resistance above a certain threshold.
  • the CTN component has negligible resistance when the CTP cable has reached its steady state.
  • Figure 3 shows the variation of the current in the CTP cable in time function during a start-up phase. It is represented in lines dotted on this figure the variation of the current that would have been obtained if the heating device did not include the CTN component. We aknowledge that the presence of the CTN component makes it possible to suppress the peak of current occurring at the start of the heater.
  • Such a device for limiting current limits progressive variation of current in the CTP cable 7.
  • the CTN component is sized so that its resistance varies according to the current that the crosses and no longer according to its temperature. So the resistance of the CTN element decreases with the current flowing through it. In this variant, it is no longer necessary for the CTN component to be thermally coupled to the CTP cable.
  • FIG. 4 represents a heating device according to another embodiment of the invention.
  • the heating device of FIG. 4 comprises a thermal regulation module 3 connected to a temperature sensor 2 and receiving a temperature setpoint 1.
  • the thermal regulation module 3 controls opening and closing a relay 4 of the heating circuit.
  • the heating circuit includes a heating cable CTP 7 and an alternating voltage generator 5 for the supply of this cable.
  • the heating device further comprises a Current limiting device traversing the CTP cable 7.
  • the current limiting device comprises a diode 8 disposed in series with the CTP 7 cable and a relay 9 arranged in parallel with the diode 8. This relay 9 is controlled by a clock 10 connected to the module of thermal regulation 3.
  • the thermal regulation module 3 continuously compares the ambient temperature measured by probe 2 with the temperature of setpoint 1.
  • thermal control module 3 control relay 4 to keep it in an open state. In this configuration, the CTP 7 cable is not powered by the generator of AC voltage 5.
  • the thermal regulation module 3 controls the closing relay 4.
  • the CTP cable 7 is then supplied by the generator 5.
  • the heating module thermal control 3 controls the closing of the relay 4.
  • the clock 10 detects the closing command of relay 4 and triggers a timing.
  • the AC voltage generator 5 supplies the CTP cable 7.
  • the diode 8 only passing when the current flows through given direction in the heating circuit, the current supplied by the generator 5 is clipped.
  • the diode 8 suppresses an alternation of the signal. Through therefore, the overall intensity flowing in the circuit is divided by a factor 2.
  • the clock 10 controls the closing of the relay 9.
  • the supply current of the CTP cable 7 is thus branched towards the branch of the relay 9.
  • the cable CTP 7 is powered by the entire AC current.
  • the pre-programmed delay time can be changed at any time by a user or technician intervening on the installation.
  • the current limiting device comprises means for adjusting the delay time.
  • FIG. 5 represents a variant of the device of FIG. which the delay time is determined by the module of temperature regulation 3 as a function of the difference between the temperature of set point 1 and the ambient temperature measured by probe 2.
  • Figure 6 shows the variation of the current flowing through the CTP cable 7 as a function of time. Dotted lines are shown in this figure the variation in current that would have been obtained if the heating circuit did not include diode 8 and relay 9. It is found that the value of the current supplied to the CTP cable 7 during the delay phase T (when relay 9 is open) is divided by 2 with respect to the current that would be supplied if the circuit did not have a current limiting device.

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Abstract

The heating device has a heating cable (7) with a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) and a current limitation device for limiting a current crossing the PTC cable. The limitation device has a resistive unit (6) with a negative temperature coefficient (NTC) mounted in series with the heating cable (7). The NTC unit is chosen such that its resistance is negligible when PTC cable has reached its stable mode.

Description

L'invention concerne le domaine des câbles chauffants autorégulants.The invention relates to the field of heating cables Self-regulating.

Ces câbles chauffants autorégulants sont généralement utilisés dans des applications de chauffage individuel de l'habitat ou dans des applications de maintien en température de canalisations de fluide (traçage).These self-regulating heating cables are generally used in individual heating applications of the habitat or in temperature maintenance applications of fluid lines (Tracing).

Ces câbles sont constitués de conducteurs porteurs noyés dans une résine semi-conductrice à coefficient de température positif (CTP). La résistance de cette résine semi-conductrice augmente de façon proportionnelle à la température de son environnement.These cables consist of carrying conductors embedded in a semiconductor resin with positive temperature coefficient (PTC). The resistance of this semiconductor resin increases so proportional to the temperature of its environment.

Il en résulte que la puissance calorifique du câble chauffant varie en fonction de sa température. Cette puissance diminue lorsque la température du câble augmente pour s'autoréguler à une valeur d'équilibre.As a result, the heating capacity of the heating cable varies in depending on its temperature. This power decreases when the cable temperature increases to self-regulate to an equilibrium value.

Ce type de câble présente donc deux propriétés essentielles :

  • 1/ ce câble est autorégulant : lorsque la température de son environnement varie, sa résistance varie de manière à produire de la puissance thermique et à le maintenir à une température d'équilibre.
  • 2/ la température de ce câble est auto-limitée : il existe une température au-delà de laquelle la puissance calorifique du câble est nulle. Cette propriété trouve sont intérêt dans le cas d'applications à des planchers rayonnants électriques. En effet, la température la plus haute en surface est toujours inférieure à la température autolimitée, et les risques de dommages irréversibles (dégradation du câble ou du plancher, brûlures, etc..) sont nuls.
    • This type of cable therefore has two essential properties:
  • 1 / this cable is self-regulating: when the temperature of its environment varies, its resistance varies so as to produce thermal power and to maintain it at an equilibrium temperature.
  • 2 / the temperature of this cable is self-limited: there is a temperature beyond which the heating capacity of the cable is zero. This property is of interest in the case of applications to electric radiant floors. Indeed, the highest surface temperature is always lower than the self-limiting temperature, and the risk of irreversible damage (damage to the cable or the floor, burns, etc.) is zero.

    • Un inconvénient toutefois de ces câbles chauffants autorégulants est qu'ils appellent une forte puissance électrique lors de leur mise sous tension. Cette puissance peut en effet être de l'ordre de 2 à 6 fois la puissance consommée en régime stabilisé, en fonction de l'environnement du câble. Il en résulte que l'installation électrique d'alimentation du câble est nécessairement surdimensionnée par rapport à la puissance à fournir au câble en régime stabilisé. A disadvantage, however, of these self-regulating heating cables is that they call a strong electric power when they are put under voltage. This power can indeed be of the order of 2 to 6 times the power consumption in steady state, depending on the environment cable. As a result, the electrical power supply of the cable is necessarily oversized in relation to the power to be supplied to the cable in steady state.

    Ce surdimensionnement assure un fonctionnement du système de chauffage même lors de sa mise sous tension (par exemple en hors gel ou à très basse température).This oversizing ensures a functioning of the system of even when it is switched on (for example in the case of frost protection or at very low temperatures).

    Dans le cadre d'applications des câbles chauffants autorégulants en chauffage ou en traçage, la gestion du courant dans le câble peut être assurée par un délesteur (démarrage cascado-cyclique) afin d'éviter des appels de courant trop importants.In the context of self-regulating heating cable applications heating or tracing, current management in the cable can be by an unloader (cascado-cyclic start) in order to avoid current calls too important.

    Un but de l'invention est de pallier ces inconvénients.An object of the invention is to overcome these disadvantages.

    A cet effet, l'invention propose un dispositif de chauffage comprenant un câble chauffant autorégulant à coefficient de température positif (CTP), caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre un dispositif de limitation du courant traversant l'élément chauffant.For this purpose, the invention proposes a heating device comprising a self-regulating heating cable with a positive temperature coefficient (PTC), characterized in that it further comprises a device for limiting the current flowing through the heating element.

    Dans une mise en oeuvre de l'invention, le dispositif de limitation de courant dans le câble chauffant CTP comprend un élément résistif à coefficient de température négatif (CTN) monté en série avec le câble CTP.In one embodiment of the invention, the device for limiting current in the CTP heating cable includes a resistive element to negative temperature coefficient (NTC) connected in series with the CTP cable.

    Dans cette mise en oeuvre, l'élément à coefficient de température négatif (CTN) est dimensionné de sorte que :

    • soit sa résistance diminue avec le courant qui le traverse,
    • soit sa résistance diminue lorsque sa température augmente. Dans ce dernier cas, l'élément CTN est couplé thermiquement avec le câble CTP afin que les deux éléments soient en permanence à la même température.
    In this implementation, the negative temperature coefficient (NTC) element is dimensioned so that:
    • either its resistance decreases with the current flowing through it,
    • either its resistance decreases when its temperature increases. In the latter case, the CTN element is thermally coupled with the PTC cable so that both elements are permanently at the same temperature.

    L'élément à coefficient de température négatif (CTN) présente un comportement opposé à celui du câble CTP : en effet, la résistance de l'élément CTN diminue lorsque sa température ou le courant qui le traverse augmente. Ainsi lors de la mise sous tension du câble CTP, le courant d'appel est limité par l'élément CTN.The negative temperature coefficient (NTC) element has a opposite to that of the CTP cable: indeed, the resistance of the NTC element decreases when its temperature or the current flowing through it increases. So when powering up the CTP cable, the power is limited by the CTN element.

    En outre, l'élément CTN est choisi de sorte que, au cours de l'échauffement du câble CTP, la résistance de l'élément CTN diminue jusqu'à devenir négligeable par rapport à la résistance du câble CTP. Par conséquent, l'élément CTN ne modifie pas les propriétés du dispositif de chauffage lorsque celui-ci a atteint son régime stabilisé. In addition, the CTN element is chosen so that, during the heating of the CTP cable, the resistance of the CTN element decreases to become negligible with respect to the resistance of the CTP cable. Through Consequently, the CTN element does not modify the properties of the device of heating when it has reached its steady state.

    Dans une autre mise en oeuvre de l'invention, le dispositif de limitation de courant dans le câble chauffant CTP comprend un élément d'écrêtage disposé en série avec le câble CTP et un élément de commutation apte à diriger sélectivement le courant vers l'élément d'écrêtage.In another implementation of the invention, the device for current limitation in the heating cable CTP includes an element clipping circuit arranged in series with the CTP cable and an element of switching adapted to selectively direct current to the element clipping.

    Ce dispositif permet de réduire l'amplitude du courant traversant le câble CTP lors de sa mise sous tension. Dès que la température du câble CTP est suffisante, l'élément de commutation dérive le courant de l'élément d'écrêtage de manière à cesser l'écrêtage.This device makes it possible to reduce the amplitude of the current flowing through the CTP cable when it is turned on. As soon as the temperature of the cable CTP is sufficient, the switching element derives the current of the element clipping to stop clipping.

    L'invention présente l'avantage de fournir un dispositif autonome de gestion du courant dans un câble chauffant autorégulant.The invention has the advantage of providing an autonomous device for current management in a self-regulating heating cable.

    D'autres caractéristiques et avantages ressortiront encore de la description qui suit, laquelle est purement illustrative et non limitative et doit être lue en regard des dessins annexés parmi lesquels :

    • la figure 1 représente schématiquement un dispositif de chauffage comprenant un câble chauffant CTP ainsi qu'un dispositif de limitation de courant conforme à un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention,
    • la figure 2 représente la variation des résistances des éléments CTP et CTN du dispositif de la figure 1 en fonction de leur température,
    • la figure 3 représente la variation du courant dans le câble chauffant CTP de la figure 1 en fonction du temps,
    • les figures 4 et 5 représentent schématiquement des dispositifs de chauffage comprenant un dispositif de limitation de courant conforme à un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention,
    • la figure 6 représente la variation du courant dans le câble CTP des dispositifs des figures 4 et 5 en fonction du temps.
    Other features and advantages will become apparent from the description which follows, which is purely illustrative and nonlimiting and should be read with reference to the appended drawings among which:
    • FIG. 1 schematically represents a heating device comprising a PTC heating cable and a current limiting device according to a first embodiment of the invention,
    • FIG. 2 represents the variation of the resistances of the elements CTP and CTN of the device of FIG. 1 as a function of their temperature,
    • FIG. 3 represents the variation of the current in the PTC heating cable of FIG. 1 as a function of time,
    • FIGS. 4 and 5 schematically represent heating devices comprising a current limiting device according to a second embodiment of the invention,
    • FIG. 6 represents the variation of the current in the CTP cable of the devices of FIGS. 4 and 5 as a function of time.

    Sur la figure 1, le dispositif de chauffage représenté comprend un module de régulation thermique 3 relié à une sonde 2 permettant de mesurer la température ambiante. Ce module de régulation thermique 3 reçoit en entrée une consigne de température 1. In FIG. 1, the heating device represented comprises a thermal regulation module 3 connected to a probe 2 allowing measure the ambient temperature. This thermal regulation module 3 receives as input a temperature setpoint 1.

    Le dispositif de chauffage comprend en outre un câble chauffant autorégulant 7 présentant un coefficient de température positif (CTP), alimenté par un générateur de tension alternative 5.The heating device further comprises a heating cable self-regulating device 7 having a positive temperature coefficient (PTC), powered by an AC voltage generator 5.

    Le dispositif de chauffage comprend également un relais 4 commandé par le module de régulation thermique 3 et un dispositif de limitation du courant dans le câble CTP 7. Ce dispositif de limitation de courant inclut un composant résistif à coefficient de température négatif (CTN) 6 disposé en série et couplé thermiquement avec le câble CTP 7.The heater also includes a relay 4 controlled by the thermal regulation module 3 and a device for limitation of the current in the CTP cable 7. This device for limiting the current includes a resistive component with a negative temperature coefficient (CTN) 6 arranged in series and thermally coupled with the CTP cable 7.

    Le composant CTN est dimensionné de sorte que sa résistance varie en fonction de sa température. La résistance du composant CTN diminue lorsque sa température augmente.The CTN component is dimensioned so that its resistance varies depending on its temperature. The resistance of the CTN component decreases when its temperature increases.

    Le module de régulation thermique 3 compare en permanence la température ambiante mesurée par la sonde 2 avec la température de consigne 1.The thermal regulation module 3 continuously compares the ambient temperature measured by probe 2 with the temperature of setpoint 1.

    Lorsque la température ambiante est supérieure ou égale à la température de consigne 1, le module de régulation thermique 3 commande le relais 4 pour le maintenir dans un état ouvert. Dans cette configuration, le composant CTN 6 et le câble CTP 7 ne sont pas alimentés par le générateur de tension alternative 5.When the ambient temperature is greater than or equal to setpoint temperature 1, thermal control module 3 control relay 4 to keep it in an open state. In this configuration, the CTN 6 component and the CTP 7 cable are not powered by the AC voltage generator 5.

    Lorsque la température ambiante devient inférieure à la température de consigne 1, le module de régulation thermique 3 commande la fermeture du relais 4. Le composant CTN 6 et le câble CTP 7 sont alors alimentés par le générateur 5.When the ambient temperature becomes lower than the temperature set point 1, the thermal regulation module 3 controls the closing The NTC component 6 and the CTP cable 7 are then powered by the generator 5.

    Lors de la mise en marche du dispositif de chauffage, le module de régulation thermique 3 commande la fermeture du relais 4. Le passage du courant dans le câble CTP 7 provoque l'échauffement de celui-ci par effet Joule. Le câble CTP 7 étant couplé thermiquement au composant CTN 6, ce dernier voit sa température augmenter. Avec l'augmentation de la température, la résistance du câble CTP 7 augmente tandis que la résistance du composant CTN diminue.When switching on the heating device, the heating module thermal regulation 3 controls the closing of relay 4. The passage of current in the CTP 7 cable causes the heating of the latter by effect Joule. The CTP cable 7 being thermally coupled to the CTN component 6, the latter sees its temperature increase. With the increase of the temperature, the resistance of the CTP cable 7 increases while the resistance of the CTN component decreases.

    La figure 2 représente les variations des résistances du composant CTN et du câble CTP en fonction de leur température. Cette figure représente également la variation de la résistance globale du composant CTN et du câble CTP associés en série. On constate que cette résistance globale est toujours supérieure à la résistance du câble CTP seul.Figure 2 shows the variations of the resistances of the component CTN and CTP cable according to their temperature. This figure also represents the variation of the overall resistance of the component CTN and CTP cable associated in series. We see that this resistance overall is always greater than the resistance of the CTP cable alone.

    En particulier, lors d'une phase de démarrage du dispositif de chauffage, le composant CTN permet de maintenir la résistance résultante au dessus d'un certain seuil.In particular, during a start-up phase of the heating, the CTN component helps maintain the resulting resistance above a certain threshold.

    Par ailleurs, le composant CTN présente une résistance négligeable lorsque le câble CTP a atteint son régime stabilisé.In addition, the CTN component has negligible resistance when the CTP cable has reached its steady state.

    La figure 3 représente la variation du courant dans le câble CTP en fonction du temps lors d'une phase de démarrage. On a représenté en traits pointillés sur cette figure la variation du courant qui aurait été obtenu si le dispositif de chauffage ne comprenait pas le composant CTN. On constate que la présence du composant CTN permet de supprimer le pic de courant se produisant au démarrage du dispositif de chauffage.Figure 3 shows the variation of the current in the CTP cable in time function during a start-up phase. It is represented in lines dotted on this figure the variation of the current that would have been obtained if the heating device did not include the CTN component. We aknowledge that the presence of the CTN component makes it possible to suppress the peak of current occurring at the start of the heater.

    Un tel dispositif de limitation de courant limite de manière progressive la variation de courant dans le câble CTP 7.Such a device for limiting current limits progressive variation of current in the CTP cable 7.

    Selon une variante du dispositif de la figure 1, le composant CTN est dimensionné de sorte que sa résistance varie en fonction du courant qui la traverse et non plus en fonction de sa température. Ainsi, la résistance de l'élément CTN diminue avec le courant qui le traverse. Dans cette variante, il n'est plus nécessaire que le composant CTN soit couplé thermiquement au câble CTP.According to a variant of the device of FIG. 1, the CTN component is sized so that its resistance varies according to the current that the crosses and no longer according to its temperature. So the resistance of the CTN element decreases with the current flowing through it. In this variant, it is no longer necessary for the CTN component to be thermally coupled to the CTP cable.

    La figure 4 représente un dispositif de chauffage conforme à un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention.FIG. 4 represents a heating device according to another embodiment of the invention.

    De même que le dispositif de la figure 1, le dispositif de chauffage de la figure 4 comprend un module de régulation thermique 3 relié à une sonde de température 2 et recevant une consigne en température 1. Le module de régulation thermique 3 commande l'ouverture et la fermeture d'un relais 4 du circuit de chauffage. Le circuit de chauffage comprend un câble chauffant CTP 7 et un générateur de tension alternative 5 pour l'alimentation de ce câble. Le dispositif de chauffage comprend en outre un dispositif de limitation du courant traversant le câble CTP 7. Like the device of Figure 1, the heating device of FIG. 4 comprises a thermal regulation module 3 connected to a temperature sensor 2 and receiving a temperature setpoint 1. The thermal regulation module 3 controls opening and closing a relay 4 of the heating circuit. The heating circuit includes a heating cable CTP 7 and an alternating voltage generator 5 for the supply of this cable. The heating device further comprises a Current limiting device traversing the CTP cable 7.

    Le dispositif de limitation de courant comprend une diode 8 disposée en série avec le câble CTP 7 ainsi qu'un relais 9 disposé en parallèle avec la diode 8. Ce relais 9 est commandé par une horloge 10 liée au module de régulation thermique 3.The current limiting device comprises a diode 8 disposed in series with the CTP 7 cable and a relay 9 arranged in parallel with the diode 8. This relay 9 is controlled by a clock 10 connected to the module of thermal regulation 3.

    Le module de régulation thermique 3 compare en permanence la température ambiante mesurée par la sonde 2 avec la température de consigne 1.The thermal regulation module 3 continuously compares the ambient temperature measured by probe 2 with the temperature of setpoint 1.

    Lorsque la température ambiante est supérieure ou égale à la température de consigne 1, le module de régulation thermique 3 commande le relais 4 pour le maintenir dans un état ouvert. Dans cette configuration, le câble CTP 7 n'est pas alimenté par le générateur de tension alternative 5.When the ambient temperature is greater than or equal to setpoint temperature 1, thermal control module 3 control relay 4 to keep it in an open state. In this configuration, the CTP 7 cable is not powered by the generator of AC voltage 5.

    Lorsque la température ambiante devient inférieure à la température de consigne 1, le module de régulation thermique 3 commande la fermeture du relais 4. Le câble CTP 7 est alors alimentés par le générateur 5.When the ambient temperature becomes lower than the temperature set point 1, the thermal regulation module 3 controls the closing relay 4. The CTP cable 7 is then supplied by the generator 5.

    Lors de la mise en marche du dispositif de chauffage, le module de régulation thermique 3 commande la fermeture du relais 4. L'horloge 10 détecte la commande de fermeture du relais 4 et déclenche un chronométrage.When switching on the heating device, the heating module thermal control 3 controls the closing of the relay 4. The clock 10 detects the closing command of relay 4 and triggers a timing.

    Le générateur de tension alternative 5 alimente le câble CTP 7. Toutefois, la diode 8 n'étant passante que lorsque le courant circule dans un sens donné dans le circuit de chauffage, le courant fourni par le générateur 5 est écrêté. La diode 8 supprime une alternance du signal. Par conséquent, l'intensité globale circulant dans le circuit est divisée par un facteur 2.The AC voltage generator 5 supplies the CTP cable 7. However, the diode 8 only passing when the current flows through given direction in the heating circuit, the current supplied by the generator 5 is clipped. The diode 8 suppresses an alternation of the signal. Through therefore, the overall intensity flowing in the circuit is divided by a factor 2.

    A la fin d'une durée de temporisation préprogrammée, l'horloge 10 commande la fermeture du relais 9. Le courant d'alimentation du câble CTP 7 est donc dérivé vers la branche du relais 9. Il en résulte que le câble CTP 7 est alimenté par la totalité du courant alternatif.At the end of a preprogrammed delay time, the clock 10 controls the closing of the relay 9. The supply current of the CTP cable 7 is thus branched towards the branch of the relay 9. As a result, the cable CTP 7 is powered by the entire AC current.

    De manière avantageuse, la durée de temporisation préprogrammée peut être modifiée à tout moment par un utilisateur ou un technicien intervenant sur l'installation. A cet effet, le dispositif de limitation de courant comprend des moyens de réglage de la durée de temporisation.Advantageously, the pre-programmed delay time can be changed at any time by a user or technician intervening on the installation. For this purpose, the current limiting device comprises means for adjusting the delay time.

    La figure 5 représente une variante du dispositif de la figure 4 dans laquelle la durée de temporisation est déterminée par le module de régulation thermique 3 en fonction de la différence entre la température de consigne 1 et la température ambiante mesurée par la sonde 2.FIG. 5 represents a variant of the device of FIG. which the delay time is determined by the module of temperature regulation 3 as a function of the difference between the temperature of set point 1 and the ambient temperature measured by probe 2.

    La figure 6 représente la variation du courant traversant le câble CTP 7 en fonction du temps. On a représenté en traits pointillés sur cette figure la variation de courant qui aurait été obtenue si le circuit de chauffage ne comprenait pas la diode 8 et le relais 9. On constate que la valeur du courant fourni au câble CTP 7 durant la phase de temporisation T (lorsque le relais 9 est ouvert) est divisée par 2 par rapport au courant qui serait fourni si le circuit ne comportait pas de dispositif de limitation de courant.Figure 6 shows the variation of the current flowing through the CTP cable 7 as a function of time. Dotted lines are shown in this figure the variation in current that would have been obtained if the heating circuit did not include diode 8 and relay 9. It is found that the value of the current supplied to the CTP cable 7 during the delay phase T (when relay 9 is open) is divided by 2 with respect to the current that would be supplied if the circuit did not have a current limiting device.

    Claims (11)

    Dispositif de chauffage comprenant un câble chauffant autorégulant (7) à coefficient de température positif (CTP), caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre un dispositif de limitation du courant traversant l'élément chauffant (7).Heating device comprising a self-regulating heating cable (7) with a positive temperature coefficient (PTC), characterized in that it further comprises a device for limiting the current flowing through the heating element (7). Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de limitation de courant traversant le câble chauffant CTP (7) comprend un élément résistif (6) à coefficient de température négatif (CTN) monté en série avec le câble chauffant CTP (7).Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the current limiting device passing through the PTC heating cable (7) comprises a negative temperature coefficient (NTC) resistive element (6) connected in series with the PTC heating cable (7). . Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'élément CTN est couplé thermiquement avec le câble chauffant CTP (7).Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the CTN element is thermally coupled with the CTP heating cable (7). Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 2 ou 3, caractérise en ce que l'élément résistif CTN (6) est choisi de sorte que sa résistance soit négligeable lorsque le câble chauffant CTP (7) a atteint son régime stabilisé.Device according to one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the CTN resistive element (6) is selected so that its resistance is negligible when the CTP heating cable (7) has reached its steady state. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de limitation de courant traversant le câble chauffant CTP (7) comprend un élément d'écrêtage (8) disposé en série avec le câble CTP et un élément de commutation (9) apte à diriger sélectivement le courant vers l'élément d'écrêtage (8).Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the current limiting device passing through the PTC heating cable (7) comprises a clipping element (8) arranged in series with the PTC cable and a switching element (9) adapted to selectively directing the current to the clipping element (8). Dispositif selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de limitation de courant comprend des moyens de chronométrage (10) aptes à détecter le passage du courant dans le câble chauffant CTP (7) et à l'issue d'une durée de temporisation (T) commander l'élément de commutation (9) pour dériver le courant vers une branche parallèle à l'élément d'écrêtage (8).Device according to Claim 5, characterized in that the current limiting device comprises timing means (10) capable of detecting the passage of the current in the PTC heating cable (7) and at the end of a delay time. (T) controlling the switching element (9) to derive the current to a branch parallel to the clipping element (8). Dispositif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la durée de temporisation (T) est préprogrammée.Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the delay time (T) is preprogrammed. Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que la durée de temporisation (T) est modifiable. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the delay time (T) is modifiable. Dispositif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la durée de temporisation (T) est déterminée en fonction de la différence entre une température de consigne (1) et une température mesurée par un capteur de température (2).Device according to Claim 6, characterized in that the delay time (T) is determined as a function of the difference between a target temperature (1) and a temperature measured by a temperature sensor (2). Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 5 à 9, caractérisé en ce que l'élément d'écrêtage (8) est une diode.Device according to one of Claims 5 to 9, characterized in that the clipping element (8) is a diode. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications qui précèdent, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un module de régulation thermique (3) apte à commander un élément de commutation (4) pour permettre ou non le passage du courant dans le câble chauffant CTP (7) en fonction de la différence entre une température de consigne (1) et une température mesurée par un capteur de température (2).Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a thermal regulation module (3) able to control a switching element (4) to allow or not the passage of current in the CTP heating cable (7). ) as a function of the difference between a set temperature (1) and a temperature measured by a temperature sensor (2).
    EP04290433A 2003-02-18 2004-02-18 Device with PTC heating cable comprising a current limiting device Withdrawn EP1450582A1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    FR0301926A FR2851404A1 (en) 2003-02-18 2003-02-18 Heating device for e.g. personal heating application, has device for limiting current crossing heating cable and includes resistive unit that is chosen such that its resistance is negligible when cable has reached its stable mode
    FR0301926 2003-02-18

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    EP1450582A1 true EP1450582A1 (en) 2004-08-25

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    WO2006067485A1 (en) 2004-12-24 2006-06-29 Heat Trace Limited Control of heating cable
    FR2938397A1 (en) * 2008-09-05 2010-05-14 Valeo Systemes Dessuyage Cleaning liquid heating device for cleaning glazed surface e.g. windscreen, of motor vehicle, has positive temperature coefficient thermistors having self-regulation temperature higher than maximum temperature required for heating
    EP2385531A1 (en) * 2010-05-05 2011-11-09 Grundfos Management a/s power cable with integrated ntc thermistor
    US20180063886A1 (en) * 2016-09-01 2018-03-01 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Ptc heater with autonomous control
    CN109693514A (en) * 2017-10-23 2019-04-30 埃贝赫卡腾有限两合公司 Electric heater for motor vehicles
    WO2021244802A1 (en) * 2020-06-05 2021-12-09 Eugen Forschner Gmbh Electrical circuit for a fluid-guiding system
    WO2022223089A2 (en) 2021-04-22 2022-10-27 Soynt Oü Method and device for ptc load control

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    EP3004824B1 (en) * 2013-06-04 2017-05-03 Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives Temperature sensor with heat-sensitive paste
    FR3006440B1 (en) * 2013-06-04 2015-07-17 Commissariat Energie Atomique TEMPERATURE SENSOR WITH ADJUSTABLE DETECTION THRESHOLD
    MX2018010592A (en) * 2016-03-02 2019-05-16 Watlow Electric Mfg Heater-actuated flow bypass.
    CN111654932B (en) * 2020-06-17 2022-04-12 贵阳中安科技集团有限公司 Cable heating device and cable heating method

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    Cited By (10)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    WO2006067485A1 (en) 2004-12-24 2006-06-29 Heat Trace Limited Control of heating cable
    EP1829425B1 (en) * 2004-12-24 2013-06-19 Heat Trace Limited Control of heating cable
    FR2938397A1 (en) * 2008-09-05 2010-05-14 Valeo Systemes Dessuyage Cleaning liquid heating device for cleaning glazed surface e.g. windscreen, of motor vehicle, has positive temperature coefficient thermistors having self-regulation temperature higher than maximum temperature required for heating
    EP2385531A1 (en) * 2010-05-05 2011-11-09 Grundfos Management a/s power cable with integrated ntc thermistor
    US20180063886A1 (en) * 2016-09-01 2018-03-01 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Ptc heater with autonomous control
    EP3291639A1 (en) * 2016-09-01 2018-03-07 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Ptc heater with autonomous control
    US10368394B2 (en) 2016-09-01 2019-07-30 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation PTC heater with autonomous control
    CN109693514A (en) * 2017-10-23 2019-04-30 埃贝赫卡腾有限两合公司 Electric heater for motor vehicles
    WO2021244802A1 (en) * 2020-06-05 2021-12-09 Eugen Forschner Gmbh Electrical circuit for a fluid-guiding system
    WO2022223089A2 (en) 2021-04-22 2022-10-27 Soynt Oü Method and device for ptc load control

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