EP1436996A1 - Protocole interactif de gestion a distance du controle d'acces a des informations embrouillees - Google Patents
Protocole interactif de gestion a distance du controle d'acces a des informations embrouilleesInfo
- Publication number
- EP1436996A1 EP1436996A1 EP02795318A EP02795318A EP1436996A1 EP 1436996 A1 EP1436996 A1 EP 1436996A1 EP 02795318 A EP02795318 A EP 02795318A EP 02795318 A EP02795318 A EP 02795318A EP 1436996 A1 EP1436996 A1 EP 1436996A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- response
- control
- application data
- security
- local
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L51/00—User-to-user messaging in packet-switching networks, transmitted according to store-and-forward or real-time protocols, e.g. e-mail
- H04L51/48—Message addressing, e.g. address format or anonymous messages, aliases
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N5/00—Details of television systems
- H04N5/44—Receiver circuitry for the reception of television signals according to analogue transmission standards
- H04N5/50—Tuning indicators; Automatic tuning control
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
- G06F1/16—Constructional details or arrangements
- G06F1/1613—Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers
- G06F1/1626—Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers with a single-body enclosure integrating a flat display, e.g. Personal Digital Assistants [PDAs]
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
- G06F1/16—Constructional details or arrangements
- G06F1/1613—Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers
- G06F1/1633—Constructional details or arrangements of portable computers not specific to the type of enclosures covered by groups G06F1/1615 - G06F1/1626
- G06F1/1637—Details related to the display arrangement, including those related to the mounting of the display in the housing
- G06F1/1639—Details related to the display arrangement, including those related to the mounting of the display in the housing the display being based on projection
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
- G06F11/14—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in operation
- G06F11/1402—Saving, restoring, recovering or retrying
- G06F11/1415—Saving, restoring, recovering or retrying at system level
- G06F11/142—Reconfiguring to eliminate the error
- G06F11/1425—Reconfiguring to eliminate the error by reconfiguration of node membership
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- G06F11/16—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware
- G06F11/20—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements
- G06F11/2002—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements where interconnections or communication control functionality are redundant
- G06F11/2007—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements where interconnections or communication control functionality are redundant using redundant communication media
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G06F12/00—Accessing, addressing or allocating within memory systems or architectures
- G06F12/02—Addressing or allocation; Relocation
- G06F12/08—Addressing or allocation; Relocation in hierarchically structured memory systems, e.g. virtual memory systems
- G06F12/10—Address translation
- G06F12/109—Address translation for multiple virtual address spaces, e.g. segmentation
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- G06F21/30—Authentication, i.e. establishing the identity or authorisation of security principals
- G06F21/305—Authentication, i.e. establishing the identity or authorisation of security principals by remotely controlling device operation
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- G06F21/60—Protecting data
- G06F21/62—Protecting access to data via a platform, e.g. using keys or access control rules
- G06F21/6209—Protecting access to data via a platform, e.g. using keys or access control rules to a single file or object, e.g. in a secure envelope, encrypted and accessed using a key, or with access control rules appended to the object itself
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- G06F21/70—Protecting specific internal or peripheral components, in which the protection of a component leads to protection of the entire computer
- G06F21/71—Protecting specific internal or peripheral components, in which the protection of a component leads to protection of the entire computer to assure secure computing or processing of information
- G06F21/74—Protecting specific internal or peripheral components, in which the protection of a component leads to protection of the entire computer to assure secure computing or processing of information operating in dual or compartmented mode, i.e. at least one secure mode
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- G06F21/88—Detecting or preventing theft or loss
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- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/048—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI]
- G06F3/0481—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] based on specific properties of the displayed interaction object or a metaphor-based environment, e.g. interaction with desktop elements like windows or icons, or assisted by a cursor's changing behaviour or appearance
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B20/00—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
- G11B20/10—Digital recording or reproducing
- G11B20/10009—Improvement or modification of read or write signals
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G11B20/00—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
- G11B20/10—Digital recording or reproducing
- G11B20/10009—Improvement or modification of read or write signals
- G11B20/10305—Improvement or modification of read or write signals signal quality assessment
- G11B20/10398—Improvement or modification of read or write signals signal quality assessment jitter, timing deviations or phase and frequency errors
- G11B20/10425—Improvement or modification of read or write signals signal quality assessment jitter, timing deviations or phase and frequency errors by counting out-of-lock events of a PLL
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
- H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
- H01L27/146—Imager structures
- H01L27/14601—Structural or functional details thereof
- H01L27/14625—Optical elements or arrangements associated with the device
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03L—AUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
- H03L7/00—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation
- H03L7/06—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation using a reference signal applied to a frequency- or phase-locked loop
- H03L7/08—Details of the phase-locked loop
- H03L7/085—Details of the phase-locked loop concerning mainly the frequency- or phase-detection arrangement including the filtering or amplification of its output signal
- H03L7/091—Details of the phase-locked loop concerning mainly the frequency- or phase-detection arrangement including the filtering or amplification of its output signal the phase or frequency detector using a sampling device
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/25—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
- H04B10/2575—Radio-over-fibre, e.g. radio frequency signal modulated onto an optical carrier
- H04B10/25752—Optical arrangements for wireless networks
- H04B10/25753—Distribution optical network, e.g. between a base station and a plurality of remote units
- H04B10/25754—Star network topology
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
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- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/18578—Satellite systems for providing broadband data service to individual earth stations
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- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/24—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts
- H04B7/26—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts at least one of which is mobile
- H04B7/2628—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts at least one of which is mobile using code-division multiple access [CDMA] or spread spectrum multiple access [SSMA]
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- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
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- H04B7/2662—Arrangements for Wireless System Synchronisation
- H04B7/2671—Arrangements for Wireless Time-Division Multiple Access [TDMA] System Synchronisation
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- H04H—BROADCAST COMMUNICATION
- H04H60/00—Arrangements for broadcast applications with a direct linking to broadcast information or broadcast space-time; Broadcast-related systems
- H04H60/09—Arrangements for device control with a direct linkage to broadcast information or to broadcast space-time; Arrangements for control of broadcast-related services
- H04H60/14—Arrangements for conditional access to broadcast information or to broadcast-related services
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- H04J3/0638—Clock or time synchronisation among nodes; Internode synchronisation
- H04J3/0652—Synchronisation among time division multiple access [TDMA] nodes, e.g. time triggered protocol [TTP]
- H04J3/0655—Synchronisation among time division multiple access [TDMA] nodes, e.g. time triggered protocol [TTP] using timestamps
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- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
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- H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
- H04L1/0002—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the transmission rate
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- H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
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- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
- H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
- H04L1/0064—Concatenated codes
- H04L1/0066—Parallel concatenated codes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
- H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
- H04L1/0067—Rate matching
- H04L1/0068—Rate matching by puncturing
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- H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
- H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
- H04L1/1607—Details of the supervisory signal
- H04L1/1685—Details of the supervisory signal the supervisory signal being transmitted in response to a specific request, e.g. to a polling signal
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- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
- H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
- H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
- H04L1/1829—Arrangements specially adapted for the receiver end
- H04L1/1835—Buffer management
- H04L1/1841—Resequencing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
- H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
- H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
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- H04L1/187—Details of sliding window management
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- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
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- H04L12/40—Bus networks
- H04L12/407—Bus networks with decentralised control
- H04L12/417—Bus networks with decentralised control with deterministic access, e.g. token passing
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- H04L12/46—Interconnection of networks
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- H04L12/462—LAN interconnection over a bridge based backbone
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- H04L12/46—Interconnection of networks
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- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
- H04L25/03006—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference
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- H04L25/03019—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference operating in the time domain adaptive, i.e. capable of adjustment during data reception
- H04L25/03038—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference operating in the time domain adaptive, i.e. capable of adjustment during data reception with a non-recursive structure
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- H04L25/38—Synchronous or start-stop systems, e.g. for Baudot code
- H04L25/40—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits
- H04L25/49—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits using code conversion at the transmitter; using predistortion; using insertion of idle bits for obtaining a desired frequency spectrum; using three or more amplitude levels ; Baseband coding techniques specific to data transmission systems
- H04L25/4902—Pulse width modulation; Pulse position modulation
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- H04L25/40—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits
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- H04L25/4904—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits using code conversion at the transmitter; using predistortion; using insertion of idle bits for obtaining a desired frequency spectrum; using three or more amplitude levels ; Baseband coding techniques specific to data transmission systems using self-synchronising codes, e.g. split-phase codes
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- H04L25/38—Synchronous or start-stop systems, e.g. for Baudot code
- H04L25/40—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits
- H04L25/49—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits using code conversion at the transmitter; using predistortion; using insertion of idle bits for obtaining a desired frequency spectrum; using three or more amplitude levels ; Baseband coding techniques specific to data transmission systems
- H04L25/497—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits using code conversion at the transmitter; using predistortion; using insertion of idle bits for obtaining a desired frequency spectrum; using three or more amplitude levels ; Baseband coding techniques specific to data transmission systems by correlative coding, e.g. partial response coding or echo modulation coding transmitters and receivers for partial response systems
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- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/10—Frequency-modulated carrier systems, i.e. using frequency-shift keying
- H04L27/14—Demodulator circuits; Receiver circuits
- H04L27/156—Demodulator circuits; Receiver circuits with demodulation using temporal properties of the received signal, e.g. detecting pulse width
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Definitions
- the invention relates to a remote management protocol for controlling access to encrypted or scrambled information.
- the emission center includes a module for calculating a word control, CW, containing at least the service key, and a control word encryption module, CW, by means of an exploitation key, SOK.
- a module for generating access title control messages, ECM messages, containing at least the encrypted control word and parameters for controlling access titles and a module for generating access title management messages, EMM messages are provided. ECM messages and EMM messages can be multiplexed in the stream of transmitted encrypted information.
- Each receiving station comprises at least one terminal for descrambling scrambled information and an access control module comprising a security processor (PS) hosted for example by an access control card inserted in the terminal.
- the security processor comprises the operating key SOK and access titles, stored in secure internal memory, and a decryption module, the security processor making it possible, from the operating key and the encrypted control word to restore the service key, on the basis of the verification criteria for one of the registered access titles, from the access title control parameters.
- Each descrambling terminal comprises a descrambling module making it possible, from the restored service key, to decrypt the scrambled information transmitted, for use by the authorized subscriber user holding the access control card.
- Such systems developed within the framework of the aforementioned standard UTE C 90-007, give satisfaction, insofar as, on the one hand, the calculations of restitution of the service key and the secrets, operating key , necessary for the execution of these calculations, are located in the protected memory area of the access control card, the operating key being never accessible by external reading, and where, on the other hand, the transmission and the management of access titles, stored in the memory of the security processor, is made completely independent of the access control as such, conditioned on the possession of the current operating key, in order to allow the restitution of the current service key, then descrambling the scrambled data using the latter.
- the present invention relates to the implementation of a remote management protocol for controlling access to scrambled information allowing application of the access control process to any type of online service, linked in particular to electronic transaction operations, regardless of the type of scrambled data transmission.
- Another object of the present invention is, in particular, the implementation of a remote management protocol for controlling access to encrypted information of a very high level of security, the terminal descrambling / processor dialogue. security, a privileged point of attack for pirates and ciphers, being subject to a local security protocol.
- Another object of the present invention is, moreover, the implementation of specific messages, such as EPM messages, constituting link messages for managing access titles and ensuring the link between ECM message and EMM message.
- Another object of the present invention is, finally, the implementation of a remote management protocol for controlling access to scrambled information, applied to a wide variety of services, such as secure online transaction management.
- electronic via a return channel thanks to the transmission of programmable messages, which allows the processing of state variables representative of the most diverse situations and environments, regardless of the type of service and transaction implemented.
- the remote management protocol for controlling access to information scrambled by means of a service key and transmitted over a network is implemented between a transmission center and at least one receiving station.
- the transmission of scrambled information is accompanied by a control word containing at least the service key, a control word encrypted by means of an exploitation key.
- This transmission of the control word cryptogram is carried out by means of access title control messages, ECM messages, containing at least this encrypted control word and access title control parameters.
- ECM messages are transmitted and multiplexed in the flow of scrambled information with access title management messages, EMM messages.
- Each receiver station comprises at least one descrambling terminal for scrambled information and an access control module provided with a security processor.
- the security processor comprises the operating key and registered access titles allocated to a subscriber user stored in the protected memory of the security processor and allows the key to be restored from the operating key and the encrypted control word. service based on criteria for verifying registered access tickets.
- Each descrambling terminal makes it possible, from the restored service key, to descramble scrambled information for use by an authorized subscriber user.
- the descrambling terminal / security processor interface for securely executing a series of tasks consisting of the execution of at least one action instruction.
- the protocol object of the present invention finds application to the remote management of access control to scrambled or encrypted information periodically transmitted over a network, whatever the type of transmission network used, the criteria for synchronization of the transmission. scrambled or encrypted information, the encrypted control word and the service key associated with the latter, if applicable of the operating key used, which alone must be satisfied.
- FIG. 1a shows, by way of illustration, a flowchart of the essential steps for implementing the remote management protocol for controlling access to scrambled information, object of the present invention
- Figure 1b shows, by way of illustration, an alternative implementation of the protocol object of the present invention illustrated in Figure 1a, this protocol having an interactive character, during the presence of a return channel between receiving station and center transmission or management center of this transmission center;
- FIG. 3a represents, by way of illustration, a flow diagram of the essential steps allowing the implementation of a local security protocol implemented between the descrambling terminal and the security processor equipping the access control module associated with the latter, to ensure the transmission of control messages to this security processor;
- - Figure 3b shows, by way of illustration, a flow diagram of the essential steps allowing the implementation of a local security protocol conducted between the security processor equipping the access control module and the descrambling terminal to ensure transmission response messages to this terminal, if applicable to the transmission center or the transmission management center;
- - Figure 3c shows, by way of illustration, a process of indexing respectively response control messages likely to be implemented within the framework of the local security protocol, in order to reinforce the security and reliability of the latter
- - Figure 3d shows, by way of illustration, an alternative implementation of the local security protocol shown in Figure 3a, to give the security processor of the access control module associated with each descrambling terminal a control function referral control messages, depending on their destination at the descrambling terminal respectively at the security processor itself;
- FIG. 4 shows, by way of illustration, an example of implementation of a link message between EMM message and ECM message of the prior art in an application related to the use of an electronic token holder.
- FIG. 1a A more detailed description of the interactive remote management method for controlling access to scrambled information in accordance with the object of the present invention will now be given in conjunction with FIG. 1a and the following figures.
- the access control module is provided with a security processor and can, for example, be constituted either by an access control card of the microprocessor card type, or by a virtual card installed in a more complex system.
- the messages sent by the message sender E are intended to remotely manage access control to scrambled information by means of a service key and transmitted over the network between the sending sender message center E and at least one PR receiver station.
- the concept of scrambling of information covers the operations of symmetric encryption of this information by means of secret keys respectively of non-symmetrical encryption by means of public key, private key.
- the transmission of the encrypted information is accompanied by a control word CW containing at least the service key.
- the control word is encrypted using an exploitation key designated SOK.
- the transmission of the encrypted control word is carried out by means of access title control messages designated ECM messages containing at least the encrypted control word and access title control parameters.
- ECM messages are transmitted and can be multiplexed in the flow of information encrypted with access title management messages designated EMM messages.
- the process of transmitting the encrypted data and the multiplexing of the ECM messages and of the EMM messages satisfies for example the provisions of the standard UTE C90-007 previously mentioned in the description. For this reason, the above process will not be described in more detail.
- the access control module associated with each descrambling terminal T comprises the operating key SOK as well as registered access titles allocated to a subscribed user, authorized holder of the control module access.
- the operating key and the access titles entered are stored in the protected memory of the aforementioned access control module.
- the latter further comprises a security processor and cryptographic resources making it possible, from the operating key and the encrypted control word, to restore the service key used for encryption of the scrambled information transmitted.
- the service key is returned on the basis of verification criteria for the registered access titles, or at least one of the registered access titles, using the parameters for controlling the transmitted access titles.
- Each descrambling terminal makes it possible, from the restored service key, to descramble the scrambled information broadcast for use in clear by the authorized subscriber user.
- each receiver station can advantageously be connected to the transmission center, transmitter E, by means of a return channel enabling a interactive implementation of the remote management method according to the subject of the present invention.
- the input template contains the security attributes to be applied to the DAC control application data.
- the authenticity data make it possible to authenticate the order message, as will be described later in the description.
- Step A is followed by a step B consisting in subjecting the exchange of action instructions, between the descrambling terminal T and the security processor PS of the access control module, to a local security protocol.
- a local security protocol specific.
- the specific local security protocol makes it possible to protect against local listening at the descrambling terminal / security processor interface, in order to execute in a secure manner a series of tasks constituted by the execution of at least one action instruction.
- the aforementioned specific local security protocol implemented in step B makes it possible to take account of the destination of the control messages MC at the terminal T descrambling respectively to the access control module, as will be described later in the description.
- the maximum security criterion sought it is possible to implement different variants of execution of the local security protocol, this with a view, in particular, to ensuring maximum security of the data exchange between the descrambling terminal T and the security processor of the access control module.
- the maximum level of security can be defined as consisting in reserving the execution of all of the encryption-decryption operations to the internal organs of the module, in particular to the security processor of the latter, as will be described later in the description.
- the abovementioned step B can then, as shown in Figure 1b, be followed by a step C consisting of calculating and transmitting on the return channel, a response message specific to the above-mentioned control message MC.
- the transmission of the response message is carried out from the receiving station PR, that is to say in fact from the descrambling terminal T, to the transmitter E or, where appropriate, to the management center GE associated with this transmitter and networked with it.
- It includes data fields forming at least one input template G'E, DAR response application data and state data denoted ST.
- the input template contains the security attributes applied to the response application data.
- the absence of an input template G'E in the response message MR corresponds to an absence of security applied to these response application data. It is understood, in particular, that the DAR response application data as a function of the operation carried out need not necessarily be encrypted and that consequently, in such a situation, the field or part of the field of application data DAR response can be simply transmitted in clear.
- the field or part of the field forming the DAC control application data can be encrypted.
- the field containing the authenticity data formed by the cryptographic redundancy or digital signature RC can be calculated from a signature key calculation protocol for example.
- the specific local security process relates to the exchange of messages between the terminal T and the security processor PS.
- the local link between the descrambling terminal T and the access control module is a link according to the ISO 7816 protocol.
- the exchange of messages premises between the descrambling terminal T and the access control card corresponds to command messages of the so-called C_APDU type and of response messages of the R_APDU type.
- the protocol for exchanging this type of message will not be described in detail, because it corresponds to a protocol known as such.
- the aforementioned return channel can be constituted by a telephone link of the switched telephone network for example, this link being, the if necessary, associated with any radio network link or other conventional type in order to ensure the transmission of each response message MR to the transmitter E or the transmitter management center GE associated with the latter.
- each control message MC can advantageously include an additional data field forming a response template GR.
- This response template contains the security attributes to be applied to response application data.
- each control message MC when such a control message includes a response template GR, makes it possible to set the security conditions and attributes to be applied to the application response data subsequent to the command message MC considered.
- the DAC command application data or, where appropriate, when these command application data are encrypted may include an action instruction or, preferably, a list of action instructions.
- FIG. 2a a list of action instructions has been shown, this list being noted:
- EXM messages can, because of their great flexibility of use and the structure associated with these allowing the introduction of such flexibility of use, either be declined in ECM messages, or in EMM messages, or in messages specific management, as will be described below in the description.
- Data (Action
- the notation of the preceding relation is a notation of metalinguistic description of the Backus-Naur-Form type which will be explained later in the description.
- command and / or response message and the command or response application data constitute a structured logical sentence which may contain the logical relation:
- this structure comprising the G'E input template, the DAR response application data template in the form of clear or encrypted data
- the generic messages EXM previously described may, because of their common structure, be dedicated either to actions of commercial management independent of, but linked to, the management of access tickets, commercial actions such as management of a token holder or the like installed on the access control module, depending on the access credentials registered in the security processor of the access control module, either to control access credentials or to optimize the management of access credentials registered according, for example, to the behavior of the authorized subscriber user, or to the management of the local security of message exchange between the security processor and the decryption terminal by actions of connection between ECM messages and EMM messages, to security management actions of the encrypted information.
- element A consists of the sequence of elements B and C
- - A (B) + : element A consists of 1 to n elements B
- any command message MC intended for the security processor PS of the module or the access control card respectively of the terminal T from the transmitter E or the transmitter management system GE .
- any command message MC is in fact intended for the security processor equipping either the module or the access control card, real or virtual.
- a command message includes an input template and optionally a response template.
- the optional response template describes the security mechanisms to be applied to the response.
- the command application data is preceded by one or two templates, Gabaritlnput and GabaritResponse, only the input template indicating the security attributes used in the current message.
- the information described in the input or response templates of an MC command message is transmitted in clear.
- the application control data indicate specific actions which are taken into account by the access control module or card or the descrambling terminal T.
- the application control data is sent from remote equipment, that is to say from the transmitter E, and transmitted in encrypted form in order to ensure the confidentiality of this data.
- the G'E input template contains the security attributes which are applied to the response application data present in the response. The absence of a template indicates that no security is applied to the application data.
- the response message MR associated with a control message MC can be operated either locally by the descrambling terminal T, or by upstream equipment such as the transmitter or the transmitter management system GE, via the return path, as previously mentioned in the description.
- the response message MR is not subject to general encryption, but only to the local security protocol, as will be described later in the description.
- this response message MR is subjected to a general encryption process by means of a specific management key for example.
- the MR response messages can also optionally include authenticity data, cryptographic redundancy or digital signature, to authenticate and guarantee the integrity of the response message itself.
- the field relating to this authentication data is absent when the associated input template is absent.
- a response message MR always contains a status or status field specifying the report on the structure of the message, that is to say:
- the response contains only the ST status
- the response contains the application data for the response and the ST status.
- the templates define the parameters necessary for the security mechanisms applied to the application data for respectively controlling the response.
- the two input templates GE or G'E and the response template GR can include the following information, according to table T2:
- the file reference designated by RefFile indicates the file where the key references apply. It is the name of a dedicated file, or master file, that is to say the name of a service distributed by the encrypted data distributor under conditional access
- RefFile SOID.
- SOID designates a parameter service identifier broadcast, for Service Output Identifier in English language.
- Algolds specify the algorithms used in the current message for the cryptographic functions associated with the message described according to table T3.
- Algolds AlgoAuthenld [AlgoConfld] [AlgoCipherld]
- AlgoAuthenld designates the message authenticity function
- AlgoConfld designates the confidentiality function of the respective response application control data
- AlgoCipherld designates the function of encryption of specific application data, respectively command response.
- the keylds key references specify the keys used in the current message for the implementation of functions defined according to table T4: Table T4
- KeyAuthenld designates the key for verifying the authenticity of the message
- KeyConfld designates the confidentiality key for the application and response response data respectively
- KeyCipherld designates the encryption key for specific application data.
- Reflnits initial data references are values used in the current message to initialize message authenticity functions designated InitAuthen, respectively confidentiality of InitConf application data.
- the pair command message MC / response message MR then has the following structure, according to table T5: Table T5
- the application control data of a control message MC contain: - either an action or a list of actions processed sequentially by the recipient, this is ie by the security processor of the access control module or the descrambling terminal T;
- command message or if necessary a response message, then responds to the structured logical sentence which may include the logical relation:
- Such a structure can be repeated inside a data structure designated by TData, the combination of conditions and actions being coded according to a TLV coding process, according to an ASN.1 data structure with TData type labels. .
- a simple condition is a condition comprising a single action.
- a logical combination of conditions is constituted by means of logical operators such as the conventional operators OR, AND, NOR and NAND performing the logical operations OR, AND, NON-OR and NON-AND.
- the descrambling terminal T is able to choose between a long response respectively a short response given in a response message MR associated with a control message MC.
- the application data of a short response contains, for each defined action:
- this information is provided by the access control card or module or the descrambling terminal T; - a report for each action of the block or blocks, in order to inform the emitter E on the result of the execution of the action.
- each control message MC can include a field or a bit for specifying the response format of the corresponding response message associated with the latter.
- the long or short response format can be chosen by the descrambling terminal, depending on the application context and the detail of information required in the context of this application context.
- a plurality of response formats can be provided.
- Action Action requested.
- actions are processed in the order of the list.
- the response control application data transported respectively in a message such as a control message MC respectively response MR can be: - consult 01 or update the object 02, 01 and 02 designating objects;
- decipher 03 designates, by way of nonlimiting example, the cryptogram of the control words CW, that is to say the control words CW encrypted with using the SOK operating key.
- the descrambling terminal / security processor interface of the access control module and, in particular, access control card when the latter is constituted by a microprocessor card for example is the privileged point of attack for hackers and figure-piercers in an attempt to compromise the control word CW, when the latter is transmitted from the security processor PS to the descrambling terminal T.
- all of the restitution calculations of the control word CW are carried out in the security processor, which has a maximum degree of security, the secrets necessary for the restitution of the control word being unable to be reached by an external reading.
- the application control data of each control message received at the descrambling terminal T can be in the clear or, on the contrary, can be encrypted and are designated DAC respectively CKDAC in these two situations .
- CKDAC have been subjected for example to a general encryption process using a specific management key denoted K which is available to the authority ensuring the management of access control and, in particular, of the distribution of scrambled data for example.
- the descrambling terminal T and the access control module are provided with cryptographic resources.
- encryption / decryption, calculation and authenticity verification are provided with cryptographic resources.
- these cryptographic resources comprise algorithms and encryption keys respectively for specific calculation and verification of authenticity symbolically represented by an encryption / decryption, calculation and authenticity verification key noted CL .
- This key is locally shared by each descrambling terminal and by each access control module and can be specific to each pair thus formed.
- the specific local security protocol can consist, at the descrambling terminal T, in submitting at B1 at least the application data for controlling the command message MC to a local encryption process. and local authentication.
- all of the fields of the MC control messages are subject to the local security protocol.
- the corresponding operation of local encryption and local authentication is noted according to the relation: ( ⁇ L (MC) ⁇ C L MC
- the operation ⁇ _. indicates both the encryption of at least either the clear application application data DAC, or the encrypted control application data CKDAC of the control message MC and the calculation of signature values for example, to generate corresponding encrypted values and signature values allowing authentication of the values noted C L MC for clear ordering application data or for encrypted ordering application data.
- the local encryption and local authentication process is independent of the encryption process implemented prior to the transmission of the command message, ie that is to say in particular, of the general encryption process by means of the management key K previously mentioned.
- Step B1 is then followed by a step B2 consisting in transmitting, from the descrambling terminal T to the security processor PS of the access control module, encrypted local command messages formed from locally secure command data.
- CLMC In FIG. 3a, the encrypted local control messages are symbolically noted LM (CLMC).
- the transmission to the security processor PS in step B2 can be carried out in accordance with ISO protocol 7816, the local messages of command being constituted according to messages of the C-APDU type in a manner known as such.
- the local security protocol then consists, at the level of the security processor PS equipping the access control module, in a step B3, in subjecting the local encrypted control messages to a local decryption and local authentication process in order to restore the aforementioned command application data field.
- step B3 The operation performed in step B3 is noted:
- ⁇ CL (.) Designates the above-mentioned decryption and local authentication operation.
- step B3 there is either command application data in clear DAC, or command application data encrypted according to the general encryption process CKDAC, constituting the command message MC.
- Step B3 is then followed by step B4 consisting in subjecting the field of application data to an authentication process, in order to restore, from the field of application data of the abovementioned command, sequences of action instructions executable according to minus a task.
- FIG. 3a it is indicated that the authentication process is noted according to the relation: ⁇ Sk (DAC.CKDAC) ⁇ DAC, C K DAC.
- the operation dk (.) Indicates the authentication process, which can consist, for example, of a signature verification operation using the management key K used during the encryption and general authentication process. by the operator managing the protocol which is the subject of the present invention and the broadcasting of the corresponding service. It is in fact indicated that this operation can be carried out on the basis of the security attributes transmitted with the command message MC, these attributes making it possible to identify and thus to restore the management key K memorized at the level of the security processor PS.
- step B4 there is clear order application data DAC or encrypted control application data CKDAC according to the general encryption process, as mentioned previously in the description.
- step B4 is then followed by a step B5 consisting in executing the series of action instructions executable according to a task.
- the execution is shown in step B5, on the left-hand side of FIG. 3a.
- the execution step B5 can, as shown in FIG. 3a in the right part, be subdivided into a first step B5a consisting in operating a decryption by means of the management key K of these encrypted control application data, this operation being noted according to the relation: ® ⁇ (C ⁇ DAC) ⁇ DAC.
- Step B5a Indicates the decryption operation proper from the management key K.
- Step B5a can precede step B4 or be executed at the same time.
- Step B5a is followed by a step B5b of execution of the DAC command application data.
- the specific local security protocol following the execution of at least one action instruction executable according to at least one task, consists, at the level of the security processor PS, in calculating response application data from the execution of at least one action instruction executable according to at least one task in step B6.
- the response application data are calculated from the state data obtained following the execution of the blocks relative to the condition Then of the control application data, as well as following the procedure for evaluating the blocks not executed when this condition is not checked, but followed by the condition Otherwise, as mentioned previously in the description.
- the DAR response application data can consist, as mentioned previously in the description, in a structured logical sentence containing at least the logical relation itself applied to specific state variables.
- Step B6 is then followed by a step B7 consisting in subjecting the DAR response application data to a process of securing by local encryption and local authentication of the response message MR in order to generate locally secure response application data.
- step B7 the above process is symbolized by the relation:
- ⁇ _ _ (•) indicates the operation of the process of secure by local encryption and local authentication to obtain CLMR encrypted and secure data.
- Step B7 is itself followed by a step B8 consisting in transmitting, from the security processor PS to the descrambling terminal T, local response messages containing the locally secure response application data.
- the local response messages containing the locally secure response application data are noted: LM (CLMR).
- the access control module consists of an access control card connected to the descrambling terminal according to a local link in accordance with ISO 7816 protocol
- the above-mentioned local response messages consist of so-called R- type messages APDU.
- the specific local security protocol is then followed, at the descrambling terminal T, by a step B9 consisting in subjecting the locally secure response application data to a local decryption and verification process. local authenticity to restore the original response application data constituting the response message MR.
- the operation ⁇ CL (-) designates the operation of decryption and verification of local authenticity carried out from the encryption and local authentication key CL.
- the local security protocol implemented with respect to the response message and the DAR response application data, as described in connection with FIG. 3b, is perfectly satisfactory in the case where the response application data are intended for the descrambling terminal only.
- the local security process implemented in particular in step B7 and, of course, with respect to the control messages MC in step B1 of FIG. 3a is sufficient to ensure strict confidentiality local messages exchanged on the local link between the descrambling terminal and the security processor of the access control module.
- strong cryptographic systems for the implementation of local security processes strong cryptographic systems, such as for example disposable masks or others making it possible to ensure an almost perfect encryption of local messages. traded on the local link, target of pirates or figure-piercers.
- each command message, respectively MC response, MR is associated with a current index value denoted i respectively for command and response messages, command and response messages.
- indexed being denoted MCj c respectively MR
- the aforementioned indices represent the current value of the indices j and I assigned to each respectively response control message.
- Each current index value is incremented for each new response control message respectively, this incrementing being performed locally either at the descrambling terminal or at the security processor.
- the current value is compared with the previous value j respectively I of the index of the respectively response control message which satisfied the above-mentioned comparison.
- the local security process or protocol can then be continued on the basis of the current response command message respectively.
- the aforementioned indexing process can for example be implemented after step B4 of FIG. 3a at the level of the security processor, before step B5 of execution for example.
- a preferred mode of implementation of the local security protocol in which the security processor of the access control module plays a predominant role in controlling all of the command messages received and processed by the descrambling terminal. and / or the security processor of the access control module, will now be described in conjunction with FIG. 3d.
- the security processor PS is equipped with a function of discriminating the destination of the control messages MC in order to ensure all control of transmission and execution of the control messages respectively of response under the authority of the local security protocol implemented.
- the local security protocol can consist in subjecting, in a step B4a, the control application data to a discrimination test of their destination at the access control module respectively at the descrambling terminal. .
- This operation consists for example in determining whether the corresponding command message MC, current message, or a command of the DAC command application data of the latter, is intended for the descrambling terminal T.
- step B4a On a negative response to the aforementioned test, the command message MC or the command considered being intended for the security processor PS and, the authentication step of step B4 having been successful, the execution according to step B5 of the Figure 3a can be performed either from the DAC command application data, or from the encrypted command application data C K DAC.
- the current MC command message or the command considered being intended for the descrambling terminal T this message being denoted MC *
- a local securing step B4b is called, which consists in submitting the data DAC, C K DAC command applications or the MC * command message to a process local encryption using the local encryption key CL.
- step B4b This operation implemented at the level of the security processor PS corresponds to that carried out in step B1 of FIG. 3a.
- step B4b is then followed by a step B4c consisting in transmitting to the descrambling terminal T the encrypted control application data or the encrypted control message, that is to say the data C L MC *, that these data have been encrypted by means of a general encryption process by means of a management key K or, on the contrary, not subjected to such a general encryption process.
- the general decryption is carried out by the security processor PS before transmission to the descrambling terminal T.
- step B4c Following the transmission of step B4c to the terminal T, the aforementioned encrypted control application data are subjected to a decryption operation in a step B4d at the terminal T itself.
- This decryption operation corresponds substantially to the operation described in connection with step B3 of Figure 3a implemented this time at the descrambling terminal T.
- step B4d is itself followed by a step B4e consisting either of an execution of the control application data in clear DAC at the descrambling terminal or, on the contrary, in a transmission of the control application data encrypted by the general encryption process, data noted CKDAC, to the transmission center E or to the management center of this transmission center GE.
- a link message said message
- the receiver station PR receives a credit of CU units via an EMM message denoted EMM (CU EP).
- EMM EMM
- the descrambling terminal T presents the above-mentioned message to the security processor PS by transmission, which adds the unit credit in the electronic token holder referenced in the EMM message.
- the identification number can be an IEP number.
- the aforementioned transmission operation is carried out in step Ei.
- the security processor PS adds the unit credit in the electronic token holder referenced in step E 2 , the credit operation being noted:
- NCR CR + CU
- CR designates the previous credit value and NCR the new credit value.
- the operations Eo, Ei and E 2 were carried out on the initiative of the access control manager in order to confer a credit of units sufficient to allow the latter to make an access proposal to any client receiving the credit. of units mentioned above.
- step E 2 is then followed by a step E 3 carried out on the initiative of the access control manager by transmission, and, of course, the corresponding reception by the receiver station PR of a so-called EPM message intended to ensure the link between the above-mentioned EMM message and any message
- the EPM message in the form EPM (MIDF, COST), broadcasts a film or program reference number, for example noted MIDF, which is going to be broadcast and which the subscriber is likely to accept or refuse in the context of the access proposal made.
- EPM MIDF
- COST cost value
- step E 3 a step E is provided which consists in requesting, at the level of the terminal T, the agreement of the subscriber on the access proposal thus submitted.
- the message EPM is presented for the first time to the security processor PS which indicates that the agreement of the subscriber is necessary.
- step E In the absence of agreement from the subscriber in step E, the access proposal is classified without further action in step E 5 . On the contrary, with the agreement of the subscriber in step E 4 , to the aforementioned access proposal, the terminal T proceeds to transmit the EPM message with the agreement of the subscriber, message linking with the corresponding fields MIDF and COST cost to the security processor PS.
- step E 7 is then followed by a step E 8 carried out during the broadcasting of the film or of the program purchased via the ECM messages of conventional type.
- the aforementioned ECM messages are received in step E 8 by the receiving station and, in particular, by the terminal T and are of course accompanied by the cryptogram of the control word CCW and are presented by the terminal T to the security processor PS by transmission to the Eg stage.
- DIDF The identification number of the program or film broadcast in these two stages is noted DIDF.
- the security processor PS then begins a verification step E 10 consisting in verifying the identity of the identification number of the film or program broadcast DIDF and the identification number of the program or film offered for access by the message EPM, c that is, the MIDF identification number.
- Step E 12 is then followed by the transmission of the control word CW containing the service key to the descrambling terminal T with a view to opening access to the broadcast program or film of identification number DIDF.
- the invention finally covers any software product recorded on a recording medium and executable by a computer of an information system, for the implementation of a remote management protocol for controlling access to scrambled information. by means of a service key and transmitted over a network between a transmission center and at least one receiving station, each receiving station comprising at least one terminal for descrambling scrambled information comprising an access control module provided with a security processor, this protocol possibly corresponding to the steps as described above in connection with FIGS. 1a and 1b.
- the latter when executed by a computer, makes it possible to manage the steps consisting in transmitting, from the transmission center to at least one receiving station and / or to a security processor associated with the latter, a command message.
- the command message as shown in FIGS. 1a and 1b, comprising data fields forming an input template GE, command application data DAC and authenticity data RC.
- the GE input template contains the security attributes applied to the DAC control application data.
- the authenticity data make it possible to authenticate and guarantee the integrity of the command message from the security attributes.
- the software product recorded on a recording medium and executable by a computer of an information system object of the invention also makes it possible to manage the steps of the local security protocol as illustrated and described previously in connection with Figures 3a to 3d.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR0113532 | 2001-10-19 | ||
FR0113532A FR2831360B1 (fr) | 2001-10-19 | 2001-10-19 | Protocole interactif de gestion a distance du controle d'acces a des informations embrouillees |
PCT/FR2002/003528 WO2003034732A1 (fr) | 2001-10-19 | 2002-10-15 | Protocole interactif de gestion a distance du controle d'acces a des informations embrouillees |
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EP1436996A1 true EP1436996A1 (fr) | 2004-07-14 |
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EP02795318A Withdrawn EP1436996A1 (fr) | 2001-10-19 | 2002-10-15 | Protocole interactif de gestion a distance du controle d'acces a des informations embrouillees |
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US (1) | US20050055551A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1436996A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP4409946B2 (fr) |
KR (1) | KR100768129B1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN100466721C (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2831360B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2003034732A1 (fr) |
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US7599655B2 (en) * | 2003-01-02 | 2009-10-06 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method and apparatus for broadcast services in a communication system |
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EP2337347A1 (fr) * | 2009-12-17 | 2011-06-22 | Nagravision S.A. | Procédé et unité de traitement pour le traitement sécurisé de données audio/vidéo à l'accès contrôlé |
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- 2002-10-15 EP EP02795318A patent/EP1436996A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-10-15 US US10/493,021 patent/US20050055551A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-10-15 CN CNB028254074A patent/CN100466721C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-10-15 WO PCT/FR2002/003528 patent/WO2003034732A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2002-10-15 KR KR1020047005813A patent/KR100768129B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
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CN112491800A (zh) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-03-12 | 深圳市东方聚成科技有限公司 | 一种加密u盘的实时认证方法 |
CN112491800B (zh) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-08-24 | 深圳市东方聚成科技有限公司 | 一种加密u盘的实时认证方法 |
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US20050055551A1 (en) | 2005-03-10 |
KR100768129B1 (ko) | 2007-10-18 |
JP4409946B2 (ja) | 2010-02-03 |
CN1605203A (zh) | 2005-04-06 |
WO2003034732A1 (fr) | 2003-04-24 |
FR2831360B1 (fr) | 2004-02-06 |
CN100466721C (zh) | 2009-03-04 |
KR20040054733A (ko) | 2004-06-25 |
JP2005506770A (ja) | 2005-03-03 |
FR2831360A1 (fr) | 2003-04-25 |
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