EP1435397B1 - High strength aluminium fin material for brazing - Google Patents
High strength aluminium fin material for brazing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1435397B1 EP1435397B1 EP03078132A EP03078132A EP1435397B1 EP 1435397 B1 EP1435397 B1 EP 1435397B1 EP 03078132 A EP03078132 A EP 03078132A EP 03078132 A EP03078132 A EP 03078132A EP 1435397 B1 EP1435397 B1 EP 1435397B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- alloy
- brazing
- aluminium
- strength
- subjecting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
- C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/05—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys of the Al-Si-Mg type, i.e. containing silicon and magnesium in approximately equal proportions
Definitions
- the present invention is related to an aluminium alloy intended as a fin-stock material for brazed products, such as heat exchangers, either as a braze clad material containing said alloy as a core or unclad.
- the alloy is heat treatable (precipitation hardenable)
- the material obtained has got a high strength after brazing, especially after an artificial ageing treatment, and gives a high corrosion resistance to the brazed product as it is sacrificial to the tube.
- the material may be used to make products by any brazing method, in particular the controlled atmosphere brazing method (CAB) when a flux that allows alloys with Mg is used.
- CAB controlled atmosphere brazing method
- Mg may form small precipitates that increase the strength of the alloy considerably. This mechanism is called age hardening.
- the AA6xxx series of alloys are based on the Mg and Si precipitates, but alloys in that series are generally not suitable for brazing, as most of them has a too high Mg content. Others are without Mn, reducing the sag resistance of the alloy.
- Age hardening alloys have not yet been utilised in a fin stock material to be brazed in the CAB process.
- a challenge today is to manufacture light-weight components for the automotive market.
- a lot of research is therefore directed to reduce the weight of heat exchangers by using thinner strip.
- the new invention shows a higher strength compared to the presently used alloys, while the corrosion protection of the tubes is retained. This will allow thinner fins with retained strength of the brazed product, thereby reducing the weight compared to products brazed today.
- the higher strength can be utilised to give a more rigid brazed product that will withstand higher stresses, such as vibrations or pulsation of the internal pressure.
- US-6120848 discloses a method for providing the flux onto the surface of a brazing sheet, by mechanically embedding the flux in the cladding. It is mentioned that CsF fluxes allows a higher Mg in the core materials.
- a modified flux containing caesium and/or lithium fluoride, and a modified braze cladding is used to braze the standard 1000, 3000, 5000 or 6000 alloys containing up to 3 wt-% Mg by CAB (Controlled Atmosphere Brazing).
- the braze cladding on the tube surfaces contains, apart from the main alloying element silicon, lithium, magnesium, sodium, and optionally caesium.
- a fin material with the following composition in wt.-%) is disclosed: 0.7 - 1.2 Si (0.75 - 1.0 preferred), up to 0.8 Fe (0.2 - 0.45 preferred), up to 0.5 Cu (0.2 - 0.4 preferred), 0.7 - 1.2 Mn (0.8 - 1.0 preferred), up to 0.35 Mg (0.2 - 0.35 preferred), up to 3 Zn, up to 0.25 Zr (0.05 - 0.15 preferred), up to 0.2 In (0.01 - 0.1 preferred), up to 1.5 Ni (0.3 - 1.2 preferred), up to 0.2 Ti, and up to 0.25 of Cr and V.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a high strength, heat treatable, aluminium alloy while keeping the Mg content sufficiently low for brazing in a CAB furnace using a flux that tolerates Mg.
- Another object is to provide a material with a sufficient corrosion sacrificial action to protect another material brazed to the invention.
- Preferred applications are fins for heat exchangers, like automotive radiators, heaters, or charge-air coolers. Other applications are not excluded.
- a quench sensitive alloy must be cooled rapidly after the solutionising treatment (i.e. the brazing operation) in order to keep the Mg and Si atoms in solid solution. A high Mn content will increase the quench sensitivity.
- the tensile strength of the standard material AA3003 is about 110 MPa and that of the state of the art FA6815 is about 135 MPa.
- the yield strength of the standard material AA3003 is about 40 MPa and that of the state of the art FA6815 is about 50 MPa.
- the alloy of the invention has a notably higher strength than the presently available alloys.
- the concentration of silicon should be 0.5 - 1.0 wt-%, preferably 0.6 - 0.9 wt-%. Below 0.5 wt-% the ageing response is low, above 1.0 wt-% the solidus temperature of the alloy is significantly lowered.
- the Mg content could therefore be as low as 0.25 wt-% and as high as 0.6 wt-%. Below the lower limit the alloy would not give a sufficient number of the Mg 2 Si precipitates, and a high strength would not be obtained. The more Mg the higher the strength, but with a too high level the brazeability will be reduced, and furthermore there is a risk for incipient melting of the material at the brazing temperature.
- the preferred Mg level will depend on both the used flux and the used tube material.
- Zn is added, up to 4 %.
- Zn will increase the sacrificial action of the fin material and the level must be optimised together with the tube material.
- zirconium preferably 0.05 - 0.25 wt-% is added to the alloy.
- Zr is distributed as small Al 3 Zr in the material. They will inhibit the recrystallisation, giving large grains of the material after brazing. Below 0.05 wt-% this effect is negligible, above 0.3 wt-% coarse precipitates are formed which will reduce the effect and the workability of the material.
- Mn in solid solution increases the strength, however the quench sensitivity is also increased. Thus, a low Mn content is beneficial to the strength if cooling rates are low. Furthermore, Mn is beneficial to the sagging resistance and corrosion resistance.
- the Mn content should be 0.3 - 0.7 wt-%, preferably 0.4 - 0.7 wt-%, most preferably 0.5 - 0.7 wt-%.
- Fe has an adverse effect on the corrosion resistance and in higher amounts on the sagging resistance. It is therefore limited to 0.3 wt-%.
- Nickel is also avoided in the alloy. Nickel increases the risk for obtaining small grains in the product, and thereby reduce the sagging resistance.
- the claimed material is produced by casting an aluminium alloy according to the invention, and thereafter subjecting the obtained material to a hot rolling and a cold rolling process. After said casting process the material may be scalped and clad with at least one additional layer. The material may be interannealed between two cold rolling passes, and partially or fully annealed after the final cold rolling step. The annealing step may also be omitted.
- the 0.5 mm material was braze simulated with two different heating cycles, basically giving cooling rates of 2.5°C/s and 0.7°C/s between 400 and 200°C. This represents both an optimal cooling rate and one usually surpassed by brazing furnaces in practice.
- Example 2 Material from the same braze simulations as in Example 1 was artificially aged at different temperatures after a delay of one day. Three temperatures were used: 160, 180, and 195°C. The tensile strength of the samples is shown in Figure 2 and the yield strength in figure 3. As can be seen, tensile strengths of 250 MPa and yield strengths surpassing 200 MPa may be obtained.
- the material show a substantial age hardening response, and yield strengths more than three times as high as that of the standard materials in brazing of today were achieved.
- the sagging resistance of the material was measured by mounting thin strip samples (gauge 0.1 mm) in a special jig, allowing 60 mm lever length ( Figure 4). The material in the jig was then subjected to a braze cycle with a 10 minute dwell at 600°C. The deflection is measured when the material has cooled off.
- the mean deflection for the new invention was 27.6 mm, which may be compared to 17 to 23 mm for FA6815 and 35 to 40 mm for the standard heat treatable material AA6063.
- the new invention shows a reasonable sagging resistance.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Details Of Heat-Exchange And Heat-Transfer (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Details Of Measuring And Other Instruments (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Designation | Si | Fe | Cu | Mn | Mg | Zn | Zr |
New invention | 0.88 | 0.27 | 0.02 | 0.69 | 0.26 | 0.7 | 0.12 |
Reference AA3003 +Zn | <0.6 | <0.7 | 0.05 - 0.20 | 1.0 - 1.5 | <0.05 | <0.05 | |
Reference FA6815 | 0.5 - 1.0 | <0.7 | <0.10 | 1.4 - 1.8 | <0.05 | 1.2 - 1.8 | 0.05 - 0.20 |
Reference AA6063 | 0.20 - 0.6 | <0.35 | <0.10 | <0.10 | 0.45 - 0.9 | <0.10 | <0.05 |
Claims (14)
- An aluminium alloy for brazed products with high strength, characterized in that the alloy comprises 0.5 - 1.0 wt-% silicon, 0.25 - 0.6 wt-% magnesium, 0.3 - 0.7 wt-% manganese, and 0.05 - 0.25 wt-% zirconium, and optionally up to 4 % Zn, the balance consisting of aluminium and unavoidable impurities, the Fe in said impurities being controlled up to 0.3%.
- An aluminium alloy according to claim 1,characterized in that the manganese content is 0.4 - 0.7 wt-%.
- An aluminium alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that the manganese content is 0.5 - 0.7 wt-%.
- An aluminium alloy according to any of claims 1-3, characterized in that the silicon content is 0.6 - 0.9 wt-%.
- A clad material for brazed products with high strength, characterized in that the core alloy comprises 0.5 - 1.0 wt-% silicon, 0.25 - 0.6 wt-% magnesium, 0.3 - 0.7 wt-% manganese, and 0.05 - 0.25 wt-% zirconium and optionally up to 4 % Zn, the balance consisting of aluminium and unavoidable impurities, the Fe in said impurities being controlled up to 0.3%.
- A clad material according to claim 5, characterized in that the manganese content is 0.4 - 0.7 wt-%.
- A clad material according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the manganese content is 0.5 - 0.7 wt-%.
- A clad material according to any of claims 5-7, characterized in that the silicon content is 0.6 - 0.9 wt-%.
- A method of producing a material from the alloy of any of claims 1-8, characterized by the steps ofsubjecting said alloy to a casting process,subjecting the obtained material to a hot rolling processsubjecting the obtained material to a cold rolling process.
- The method as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that after said casting process the material is scalped and clad with at least one additional layer.
- The method as claimed in claims 9 or 10, characterized in that after said cold rolling the material is subjected to an annealing process.
- Use of the material in any of claims 1-8 to produce a fin-stock for heat exchangers.
- Use of the material in any of claims 1-8 in a brazing process where an inert atmosphere is used.
- Use of the material in any of claims 1-8 in a brazing process using a controlled atmosphere and a suitable flux.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE0203009A SE0203009D0 (en) | 2002-10-14 | 2002-10-14 | High strenth aluminum fine material for brazing |
SE0203009 | 2002-10-14 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1435397A1 EP1435397A1 (en) | 2004-07-07 |
EP1435397B1 true EP1435397B1 (en) | 2005-09-14 |
Family
ID=20289240
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03078132A Expired - Lifetime EP1435397B1 (en) | 2002-10-14 | 2003-10-07 | High strength aluminium fin material for brazing |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20040118492A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1435397B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE304617T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE60301614T2 (en) |
SE (1) | SE0203009D0 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2177638A1 (en) | 2008-10-15 | 2010-04-21 | "Impexmetal" S.A. | Aluminium alloy, in particular for heat exchangers manufacturing |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1666620B1 (en) * | 2003-09-26 | 2012-01-18 | Kobe Steel, Ltd. | Aluminum brazing sheet |
CN101408757B (en) * | 2007-10-11 | 2010-10-13 | 上海梅山钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for tracking hot rolling production management level graphic rolling line material |
DE102008056819B3 (en) * | 2008-11-11 | 2010-04-29 | F.W. Brökelmann Aluminiumwerk GmbH & Co. KG | Aluminum alloy used as a material for heat transfer equipment contains alloying additions of silicon, iron, manganese, zinc, titanium and bismuth |
JP6247225B2 (en) | 2011-12-16 | 2017-12-13 | ノベリス・インコーポレイテッドNovelis Inc. | Aluminum fin alloy and manufacturing method thereof |
US9732169B2 (en) | 2014-07-22 | 2017-08-15 | University Of South Carolina | Raft agents and their use in the development of polyvinylpyrrolidone grafted nanoparticles |
WO2016022457A1 (en) | 2014-08-06 | 2016-02-11 | Novelis Inc. | Aluminum alloy for heat exchanger fins |
US20210310754A1 (en) * | 2018-09-24 | 2021-10-07 | Aleris Rolled Products Germany Gmbh | Aluminium alloy fin stock material |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1335309A (en) * | 1970-12-21 | 1973-10-24 | Olin Corp | Heat exchanger |
AU663819B2 (en) * | 1993-08-03 | 1995-10-19 | Denso Corporation | A1 alloy brazing material and brazing sheet for heat-exchangers and method for fabricating A1 alloy heat-exchangers |
FR2713664B1 (en) * | 1993-11-17 | 1996-05-24 | Pechiney Rhenalu | Al-Si-Mg alloy with improved ductility and stampability and process for obtaining it. |
US5771962A (en) * | 1996-04-03 | 1998-06-30 | Ford Motor Company | Manufacture of heat exchanger assembly by cab brazing |
DE69805527T2 (en) * | 1997-08-04 | 2002-11-28 | Corus Aluminium Walzprod Gmbh | HIGHLY DEFORMABLE, CORROSION-RESISTANT AL ALLOY |
US6120848A (en) * | 1998-11-17 | 2000-09-19 | Ford Motor Company | Method of making a braze sheet |
US6800244B2 (en) * | 1999-11-17 | 2004-10-05 | Corus L.P. | Aluminum brazing alloy |
US6234243B1 (en) * | 1999-12-14 | 2001-05-22 | Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. | Heat exchanger assembly with magnesium barrier |
-
2002
- 2002-10-14 SE SE0203009A patent/SE0203009D0/en unknown
-
2003
- 2003-10-07 EP EP03078132A patent/EP1435397B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-10-07 DE DE60301614T patent/DE60301614T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-10-07 AT AT03078132T patent/ATE304617T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-10-14 US US10/683,455 patent/US20040118492A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2177638A1 (en) | 2008-10-15 | 2010-04-21 | "Impexmetal" S.A. | Aluminium alloy, in particular for heat exchangers manufacturing |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE304617T1 (en) | 2005-09-15 |
DE60301614D1 (en) | 2005-10-20 |
SE0203009D0 (en) | 2002-10-14 |
DE60301614T2 (en) | 2006-03-16 |
US20040118492A1 (en) | 2004-06-24 |
EP1435397A1 (en) | 2004-07-07 |
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