EP1406044B1 - Process and device for waste treatment - Google Patents

Process and device for waste treatment Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP1406044B1
EP1406044B1 EP03022047A EP03022047A EP1406044B1 EP 1406044 B1 EP1406044 B1 EP 1406044B1 EP 03022047 A EP03022047 A EP 03022047A EP 03022047 A EP03022047 A EP 03022047A EP 1406044 B1 EP1406044 B1 EP 1406044B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
waste
incineration chamber
ash
pyrolysis
air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03022047A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1406044A1 (en
Inventor
Heinz Albert Steimen
Björn Fossen
Vidar Brenden
Reidar Brattebrekke
Trond Kaasa
Joachim Dr.Ing.Habil. Otschik
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hitachi Zosen Innova AG
Original Assignee
Norsk Inova AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE2002145954 external-priority patent/DE10245954B4/en
Application filed by Norsk Inova AS filed Critical Norsk Inova AS
Publication of EP1406044A1 publication Critical patent/EP1406044A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1406044B1 publication Critical patent/EP1406044B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
    • F23G5/0276—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage using direct heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
    • F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/30—Pyrolysing
    • F23G2201/303—Burning pyrogases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/30—Pyrolysing
    • F23G2201/304—Burning pyrosolids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2202/00—Combustion
    • F23G2202/40—Combustion in a pulsed combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2205/00—Waste feed arrangements
    • F23G2205/12—Waste feed arrangements using conveyors
    • F23G2205/121—Screw conveyor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for waste disposal, in particular of wet waste, in at least a first combustion chamber, in which the waste is transported from a feed point with a transport screw under heating.
  • a further aspect of the invention relates to a corresponding device for waste processing, with which this method can be carried out.
  • TOC Total Organic Compound
  • the pyrolysis reactor converts the waste into carbonization gas and solid pyrolysis residue. These two substances are fed to a high-temperature reactor for combustion. In principle, therefore, pyrolysis and oxidation, in particular of the pyrolysis gas are separated.
  • the first heater causes a basic heating in the pyrolysis reactor in particular by the waste heat from the flue gas of the high-temperature reactor, wherein an indirect heating is carried out with a circulating heat medium.
  • the state of the art also includes a device for refuse processing, in which a charging device, a degassing channel, in which at least one transport screw is arranged, and a high-temperature reactor follow one another ( DE 43 30 788 A1 ).
  • the degassing is surrounded by a jacket heating, which can be operated with steam or gas.
  • the transport screw transports waste continuously from the charging device to the high-temperature reactor, the waste being heated to a temperature of approximately 600 ° C. and degassed.
  • One with it resulting solid residue and the gas are fed to the high-temperature reactor in which synthesis gas and a melt arise, which are further treated externally.
  • air can be supplied to a middle section of the degasification duct, as a result of which carbonization gas and residual carbon are burned in the degassing duct and thus the waste is heated directly.
  • the screw conveyor may be formed hollow to be charged for heating with steam or gas.
  • the biomass In the gasification chamber, the biomass can burn over a grate under which primary air is injected into an ash bed. Combustion gas or exhaust gas produced during combustion is conducted via a pipe into a gas combustion chamber, into which secondary air is introduced. Pure exhaust gas, which consists essentially only of CO 2 , H 2 O, O 2 and N 2 , should be discharged from the gasification chamber.
  • the screw conveyor is used only for the transport of biomass, but not for drying or pyrolysis.
  • the prior art includes an apparatus and a process for the thermal treatment of solid or liquid waste, where the waste is processed by dry distillation and drying ( WO 00/13811 ).
  • the waste is transported through a heated furnace to the atmosphere in the furnace by means of a screw conveyor in a thermally insulated, heat-proof evaporation chamber.
  • the heated waste is separated by evaporation into solid and liquid components.
  • One of the exits of the vaporization chamber leads to a condenser in which vapors or gases formed in the vaporization chamber are condensed.
  • Other outputs of the evaporation chambers are provided for non-condensable gas as well as solid components.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object to develop a method for waste disposal, with the waste of various types, especially wet waste is uncomplicated, safely and efficiently burned to ash and flue gas with very low TOC, without a long residence time in the implementation required by the procedure.
  • a long residence time can be set that, for example, legal requirements are met.
  • a first step comprises drying the waste during its transport via at least one end-side section of a transport screw such as, for example US-A-3,027,854 is known.
  • a transport screw such as, for example US-A-3,027,854
  • two high-quality fuels namely pyrolysis gas or carbonization gas and pyrolysis coke
  • the heat required for drying and pyrolysis is formed by combustion of the pyrolysis mainly in the first combustion chamber, so that the process itself keep going can.
  • the end-side section of the transport screw is in direct contact with the atmosphere of the first combustion chamber, which is supplied with air, for example, by a ventilator.
  • the first combustion chamber contains ash, flue gas and residual partially-burned pyrolysis gas or carbonization gas.
  • the second step of the process by injecting pulsating air into an ash bed which collects in the first combustion chamber at the bottom, causes the TOC content of the ash to be further reduced. For this purpose, accumulating ash after a longer residence time discharged from the first combustion chamber, which is a multiple of the residence time of the gases.
  • a baked ash layer or ash bridge which may have formed, broken through, so that the removal of the ash from the first combustion chamber can be carried out unhindered.
  • the pyrolysis gas is combined in a third step with the flue gas formed in the first combustion chamber, which contains oxygen, intensively mixed and post-combusted in a second combustion chamber. It is essential in the third step, a high contact rate between the flue gas or its oxygen and the partially burned pyrolysis gas.
  • Such a high contact rate or intensive mixing of the partially combusted pyrolysis gas and flue gas in the second combustion chamber is achieved according to claim 7 reliably with a turbulator package, which, for example. may include a little self-consuming pack of high temperature resistant wire.
  • the turbulator package can also serve as a separator, which retains fly ash according to claim 2 from the nachverbumbleden pyrolysis gas and flue gas in the second combustion chamber.
  • the turbulator can be provided for this purpose but also a cyclone.
  • the waste is in the furnace inside first on the screw conveyor and then in the free area of the furnace interior of a furnace atmosphere of 850 ° C to 1200 ° C exposed.
  • parallel to the processing wet waste with a first screw with a first variable speed drive waste low moisture with a second screw with a controlled independently from the first variable speed drive second drive can also be processed in direct contact with the furnace atmosphere.
  • the temperature of the hot atmosphere is not only in the first combustion chamber, but also in the second combustion chamber 850 ° C to 1200 ° C. If the temperature goes beyond that, the structure of the device with which the method is exercised would be jeopardized.
  • a definition of wet waste with a water content of up to 75 percent by mass and the dry waste with a water content of up to 15 percent by mass is given in claim 5.
  • the second process step can be realized in a less complicated manner according to claim 6 as the first alternative that the pulsating air is injected into the ash bed in only one radial distance.
  • the injection takes place as a second alternative in two different radial distances: This can be achieved that a lower portion of the ash bed is cooled by air injection and in this the ash screw.
  • the injection which takes place at a greater radial distance from the ash screw, with respect to the breaking up of the baked layer or ash bridge is particularly effective.
  • the air nozzles according to claim 13 are arranged as a first alternative in at least one row at only a radial distance to the ash screw and according to claim 14 in at least two rows at two radial distances.
  • a liquid or gaseous auxiliary fuel burner associated with the device of claim 19 is activated until the atmosphere adjacent to the screw conveyor reaches at least 850 ° C C reached. Subsequently, the supply of waste begins. As soon as sufficient high-quality fuel, in particular pyrolysis gas, has been produced from this, which burns in the first combustion chamber when the air is supplied, and the atmosphere of the first combustion chamber and thus sufficiently heated in the screw conveyor, the supply of additional fuel can be stopped because the combustion process in the first combustion chamber itself can receive.
  • the built-up of several modules waste processing apparatus according to claim 8 is particularly favorable production for the production of devices of different performance.
  • the furnace volume can be easily adapted to the amount of waste to be burned.
  • the residence time of the flue gas in the device can be adjusted.
  • the second module which includes the second combustion chamber, according to claim 9 are composed of a plurality of volume segments, wherein the volume segments are interconnected via preferably horizontal passages for the partially burned pyrolysis gas.
  • An outlet opening of a volume segment forms an access opening with an inlet opening of an adjacent volume segment.
  • An exit port of a volume segment may communicate with its entrance port via a turbulator package. If the turbulator packages are packaged ever closer in such fluidly arranged behind one another volume segments, a particularly good fly ash separation effect is achieved.
  • the volumes of the modules or volume segments can be made easily variable by insertable wall spacers to tune the residence time by volume change.
  • volume adjustment to the throughput of the burning waste also serves to minimize the TOC content.
  • the turbulator package provided in each case in the second module or at least one volume segment of the second module preferably comprises a packing of high temperature resistant wire according to claim 11.
  • the wire may vibrate under the flow of the gas stream passed through the turbulator package, thereby improving the reaction rate of residual combustion of the partially combusted pyrolysis gas with the residual oxygen of the flue gas through intensive contact.
  • the discharge device according to claim 13 is preferably realized as an ash screw.
  • the air nozzles are arranged at least in a row at a radial distance to the ash screw to inject the air pulsating into the ash bed.
  • the end-side portion of the screw conveyor which is provided for transporting the waste into the first combustion chamber with drying and subsequent pyrolysis, as already proposed, taken down in a half-shell coat of refractory material.
  • two transport screws one for each wet moist waste and dry waste disposed at a head of the first combustion chamber.
  • the screw conveyor can be cooled according to claim 17 inside by forced air, so as not to be thermally overloaded.
  • the device comprises a first module 1 and a second module 2, which is composed of volume segments 3 and 4.
  • the first module includes, as explained below, a first combustion chamber 6 and the second module 2, a second combustion chamber 7.
  • the volumes of the modules 1, 2 and the volume segments 3-4 of the second module 2 can by inserting wall spacers 8-10 adapted to the required capacity of the waste incinerator.
  • the first module 1 is with the Volume segment 3 of the second module 2 connected via a passage 12 gas-conducting.
  • Another passage 13 connects the volume segment 3 to the further volume segment 4 of the second module 2.
  • a further passage 14 of the second volume segment may lead to a third volume segment or forms an exit of the device.
  • the optimal volume segment 4 is shown with broken lines. Apart from the exit of the last volume segment, each passage connects an entrance opening of a module eg 2 to an exit opening of an adjacent module eg 1. The entrance openings and the exit openings are not marked in the drawing.
  • the transport screw 15 Facing away from a feed side 17 is the first combustion chamber 6, which is in open communication with the space 18 surrounding the transport screws 15, 16.
  • the screw conveyors are open at the top and includes only on their undersides of a non-illustrated shell-shaped, approximately U-shaped shell of refractory material.
  • the coat is suitably formed from a furnace lining of firebrick.
  • a burner 19 for additional fuel such as diesel fuel or waste oil is arranged in the space 18 so that it can heat the atmosphere in the space 18 and the transported with the screw conveyors 15, 16 waste after ignition of the additional fuel.
  • first combustion chamber 6 further opens an air fan 20, which is housed below the space 18 in a frame.
  • an ash collecting and transporting device 21 is arranged with an ash screw 22 so that they can catch the ash resulting from the combustion of the pyrolysis products, which subsequently discharged with the ash screw becomes.
  • an ash collecting and transporting device 21 is arranged with an ash screw 22 so that they can catch the ash resulting from the combustion of the pyrolysis products, which subsequently discharged with the ash screw becomes.
  • At a radial distance from the transport screw 22 are still in the first combustion chamber 6 four rows of air nozzles 23 - 26, which are acted upon by a line 27 with pulsating air.
  • the rows 23 and 26 are in a closer radial distance to the ash screw 22 than the rows 24 and 25th
  • the output of the first combustion chamber 6 at the passage 12 is located in the upper region of the first combustion chamber 6 for the passage of flue gas and partially combusted pyrolysis gas to the second module. 2
  • a turbulator package 29 is housed, in such a way that it separates the passage 12, in which the flue gas and partially burned pyrolysis gas enters, from the output serving as the passage 13 of this volume segment.
  • An openwork wall 30 also serves this purpose.
  • the turbulator package 29 is formed in the present embodiment from a packing of high-temperature-resistant wire, wherein the packing density is adapted to the respective individual requirements. At low packing density, the flue gas and the largely burned pyrolysis gas is passed to the passage 13 with little resistance.
  • the turbulator package 29 can also exert a separation function for fly ash from the flue gas, which is conveyed at a higher packing density.
  • an optional air blower 31 which is housed below the turbulator package 29 in the volume segment 3 of the second module 2.
  • volume segment 3 volume segment 4 is similar to the volume segment 3 constructed, but does not include an air blower.
  • the volume segment 4 may be formed without a further turbulator package 32, but with the flow path between the passage 13 and the passage 14 with forming wall 33.
  • the method of waste processing that can be performed with the described device is initiated by heating the space 18 by means of the burner 19. Once the space 18 has reached a temperature of at least 850 ° C, the waste to be incinerated is fed to the transport screws 15 and 16, namely the transport screw 15 wet waste and the screw conveyor 16 dry waste. In the course of transport to the first combustion chamber 6, the wet waste is first dried. In the prevailing in the space 18 temperature> 850 ° C, the waste, which is transported with the screw conveyors 15 and 16 further to the first combustion chamber 6, pyrolyzed, resulting in high-quality fuels pyrolysis and pyrolysis.
  • the pyrolysis gas and the pyrolysis coke are burned, wherein the burn-out of these pyrolysis products in the first combustion chamber 6 is largely completed. In it are finally ash, flue gas with partially burned pyrolysis gas available. The TOC content of these products is already low after the described first step.
  • the TOC content of the ash collected from the ash capture and transport means 21 is further reduced by injecting pulsating air into the forming ash bed 34 by means of the rows 23-26 air nozzles.
  • the air flow through the line 27 can be interrupted every second.
  • the pulsating Injected compressed air has the further effect that a caked layer is broken on the ash bed and so can also be carried away with the ash screw 22.
  • To break through serve primarily the rows 23 and 26 air nozzles at a greater distance to the ash screw.
  • the rows of air nozzles 24 and 25 are closer to the ash screw 22 to cool it over the ash bed 34.
  • the second step achieves that high quality ash, i. such is discharged with a very low TOC content from the first combustion chamber 6.
  • the flue gas and partially burned pyrolysis gas flows through the turbulator package, with which a high contact rate between the partially burned pyrolysis gas and the oxygen present in the flue gas is achieved, so that both gases are mixed intensively and the pyrolysis gas is post-combusted.
  • additional air can contribute to the afterburning which is transported by the air blower 31 in the space upstream of the turbulator package 29.
  • the turbulator package 29 in the second module 2 can continue to act as a separator for fly ash, especially in dense packing.
  • the turbulator package 29 can be supplemented with a vibrator and a fly ash discharge device.
  • volume segments due to their flow path between the passages 12 and input and output affect the residence time. It may therefore be useful to have subsequent volume segments such as the volume segment 4 without turbulator package to ensure a sufficient flue gas residence time in the device. In this way, for example, at least two seconds residence time, as prescribed by the (German) Federal Emission Control Law, can be achieved with certainty.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)

Abstract

The method for treating moist waste comprises feeding it via a conveyor screw (16), while it is being heated, into a first combustion chamber (6). The waste is in direct contact with the atmosphere in the chamber when in at least the end section of the screw and undergoes pyrolysis, which is completed in the combustion chamber. Ash produced is subjected to post-combustion in an ash bed (34) with pulsed injection of air. Pyrolysis gas is intensively mixed with flue gases from the combustion of pyrolysis products in a second combustion chamber (7) and also subjected to post-combustion. An Independent claim is included for plant for carrying out the method.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Abfallbeseitigung, insbesondere von feuchtem Abfall, in mindestens einer ersten Verbrennungskammer, in die der Abfall von einer Beschickungsstelle aus mit einer Transportschnecke unter Erwärmung transportiert wird.The invention relates to a method for waste disposal, in particular of wet waste, in at least a first combustion chamber, in which the waste is transported from a feed point with a transport screw under heating.

Ein weiterer Aspekt der Erfindung betrifft eine entsprechende Einrichtung zur Abfallverarbeitung, mit der dieses Verfahren durchgeführt werden kann.A further aspect of the invention relates to a corresponding device for waste processing, with which this method can be carried out.

Bei der Abfallverarbeitung durch Verbrennung ist die Forderung zu beachten, daß die verbleibenden Verbrennungsprodukte, Rauchgas und Asche, einen nur geringen organischen Anteil unverbrannter organischer Bestandteile einschlieβen. Ziel ist also ein niedriger TOC-Wert (TOC = Total Organic Compound). Wenn diese Forderung nicht erfüllt wird und insbesondere die Asche einen höheren organischen Anteil aufweist, sind zu deren Lagerung besondere, auch hinsichtlich ihres Flächenbedarfs aufwendige Deponien erforderlich.In waste processing by incineration, it is important to note that the remaining combustion products, flue gas and ash, contain only a small organic fraction of unburned organic matter. The goal is therefore a low TOC value (TOC = Total Organic Compound). If this requirement is not met and in particular the ash has a higher organic content, their storage special, even in terms of their space requirements consuming landfills are required.

Nach dem Stand der Technik wurde ein niedriger TOC-Wert bei Verbrennen von organische Bestandteile enthaltendem Gas durch eine spezielle Luftzuführung zu dem Gas angestrebt, die eine relativ hohe Turbulenz und damit Durchmischung des Gases mit Luft ermöglichen sollte.In the prior art, a low TOC value was sought when combusting organic-containing gas by a special air supply to the gas, which should allow a relatively high turbulence and thus mixing of the gas with air.

Es hat sich jedoch herausgestellt, daß eine noch weitergehende Verringerung des TOC-Werts des Gases und außerdem der Asche wünschenswert ist.However, it has been found that further reduction of the TOC of the gas and also of the ash is desirable.

Dies gilt auch für den nachstehenden Stand der Technik:This also applies to the following prior art:

Hierzu gehört eine Anlage zur thermischen Abfallentsorgung sowie ein Verfahren zum Betrieb einer solchen Anlage mit einem Pyrolysereaktor, der eine erste Heizeinrichtung für eine indirekte Beheizung des Abfalls und eine zweite Heizeinrichtung für eine direkte Beheizung des Abfalls innerhalb des Pyrolysereaktors aufweist ( DE 43 27 953 A1 ). Der Pyrolysereaktor setzt den Abfall in Schwelgas und festen Pyrolysereststoff um. Diese beiden Substanzen werden einem Hochtemperaturreaktor zur Verbrennung zugeführt. Grundsätzlich sind somit Pyrolyse und Oxidation, insbesondere des Pyrolysegases getrennt. Zur Pyrolyse des Abfalls bewirkt die erste Heizeinrichtung eine Grunderwärmung im Pyrolysereaktor insbesondere durch die Abhitze aus dem Rauchgas des Hochtemperaturreaktors, wobei eine indirekte Heizung mit einem im Kreislauf geführten Wärmemedium erfolgt. Eine Zusatzerwärmung erfolgt mit der zweiten Heizeinrichtung durch Lufteinspeisung in den Innenraum des Pyrolysereaktors. - Diese Anlage ist kompliziert und technisch aufwendig. Gleichwohl hat sie wirkungsmäßige Nachteile: Da die Grunderwärmung in dem Pyrolysereaktor nur durch indirekte Beheizung erfolgt, wird Wärme aus dem Hochtemperaturreaktor zur Pyrolyse nicht verlustarm genutzt. In dem Hochtemperaturreaktor erfolgt keine Ascheverbrennung, denn die entstehende Asche ist so heiß, daß sie verflüssigt. Die vom Hochtemperaturreaktor abgegebenen Rauchgase werden einem Abhitzekessel oder Abhitze-Dampferzeuger zugeführt, in der sie abgekühlt werden und sodann an die Umgebung abgegeben werden.This includes a plant for thermal waste disposal and a method for operating such a plant with a pyrolysis reactor having a first heater for indirect heating of the waste and a second heater for a direct heating of the waste within the pyrolysis reactor ( DE 43 27 953 A1 ). The pyrolysis reactor converts the waste into carbonization gas and solid pyrolysis residue. These two substances are fed to a high-temperature reactor for combustion. In principle, therefore, pyrolysis and oxidation, in particular of the pyrolysis gas are separated. For pyrolysis of the waste, the first heater causes a basic heating in the pyrolysis reactor in particular by the waste heat from the flue gas of the high-temperature reactor, wherein an indirect heating is carried out with a circulating heat medium. Additional heating takes place with the second heating device by air feed into the interior of the pyrolysis reactor. - This system is complicated and technically complicated. Nevertheless, it has operational disadvantages: Since the basic heating in the pyrolysis reactor is effected only by indirect heating, heat from the high-temperature reactor for pyrolysis is not used with low losses. In the high temperature reactor no ash combustion takes place, because the resulting ash is so hot that it liquefies. The emitted from the high temperature reactor flue gases are fed to a waste heat boiler or heat recovery steam generator in which they are cooled and then discharged to the environment.

Zum Stand der Technik gehört weiterhin eine Einrichtung zur Müllverarbeitung, bei der aufeinander eine Beschickungseinrichtung, ein Entgasungskanal, in dem mindestens eine Transportschnecke angeordnet ist, und ein Hochtemperaturreaktor folgen ( DE 43 30 788 A1 ). Insbesondere ist der Entgasungskanal mit einer Mantelheizung umgeben, die mit Dampf oder Gas betrieben werden kann. Durch die Transportschnecke wird Müll kontinuierlich von der Beschikkungseinrichtung zum Hochtemperaturreaktor transportiert, wobei der Müll auf eine Temperatur von ungefähr 600°C erwärmt wird und entgast wird. Ein dabei entstehender fester Reststoff und das Gas werden dem Hochtemperaturreaktor zugeführt, in dem Synthesegas und eine Schmelze entstehen, die extern weiterbehandelt werden. - In einer Variante kann einem mittleren Abschnitt des Entgasungskanals Luft zugeführt werden, wodurch im Entgasungskanal Schwelgas und Restkohlenstoff verbrannt werden und damit der Müll direkt beheizt wird. Auch kann die Transportschnecke hohl ausgebildet sein, um zur Beheizung mit Dampf oder Gas beschickt zu werden. In jedem Fall steht nur der Ausgang des Entgasungskanals, d.h. das Ende der Mülltransportstrecke, die im wesentlichen durch die Transportschnecke realisiert ist, mit dem Innern des Hochtemperaturreaktors in Verbindung, dessen Wärme somit praktisch nicht in den Entgasungskanal transportiert wird. Dies gilt insbesondere dann, wenn die Transportschnecke vor dem Ende des Entgasungskanals endet und an dem Ende ein Pfropfen aus dem transportierten Gut gebildet wird. Die Wärmezufuhr zu dem Gut in dem Entgasungskanal über den diesen umgebenden Mantel ist verhältnismäßig ineffizient. Eine direkte Beheizung des Mülls in dem Entgasungskanal kann nur eintreten, wenn dieser ausreichend trocken ist, um eine Teilverbrennung zu ermöglichen. Müll mit einem Feuchtigkeitsgehalt über 30 % kann in dieser Weise nicht verarbeitet werden.The state of the art also includes a device for refuse processing, in which a charging device, a degassing channel, in which at least one transport screw is arranged, and a high-temperature reactor follow one another ( DE 43 30 788 A1 ). In particular, the degassing is surrounded by a jacket heating, which can be operated with steam or gas. The transport screw transports waste continuously from the charging device to the high-temperature reactor, the waste being heated to a temperature of approximately 600 ° C. and degassed. One with it resulting solid residue and the gas are fed to the high-temperature reactor in which synthesis gas and a melt arise, which are further treated externally. In a variant, air can be supplied to a middle section of the degasification duct, as a result of which carbonization gas and residual carbon are burned in the degassing duct and thus the waste is heated directly. Also, the screw conveyor may be formed hollow to be charged for heating with steam or gas. In any case, only the output of the degassing, ie the end of the garbage transport path, which is essentially realized by the screw conveyor, with the interior of the high-temperature reactor in connection whose heat is thus practically not transported into the degassing. This is especially true when the screw conveyor ends before the end of the degassing and at the end of a plug is formed from the transported Good. The heat supply to the material in the degassing duct over the surrounding jacket is relatively inefficient. Direct heating of the refuse in the degassing channel can only occur if it is sufficiently dry to allow partial combustion. Waste with a moisture content above 30% can not be processed in this way.

Bekannt ist auch eine Vergasungseinrichtung für eine Biomasse, in der die Biomasse über eine Transportschnecke einer Vergasungskammer zugeführt wird, wobei nur ein endseitiger Abschnitt der Transportschnecke, an der die Biomasse in die Vergasungskammer fällt, offen ist ( US 4 531 462 ). In der Vergasungskammer kann die Biomasse über einem Rost verbrennen, unter dem in ein Aschebett Primärluft injiziert wird. Bei der Verbrennung entstehendes Verbrennungsgas bzw. -abgas wird über ein Rohr in eine Gasverbrennungskammer geleitet, in die Sekundärluft eingeleitet wird. Reines Abgas, welches im wesentlichen nur aus CO2, H2O, O2 und N2 besteht, soll aus der Vergasungskammer entlassen werden. - In dieser Vergasungseinrichtung dient die Transportschnecke nur zum Transport der Biomasse, aber nicht zum Trocknen oder zu einer Pyrolyse. Diese kann ebenso wie eine erste Verbrennung erst stattfinden, nachdem sich die Biomasse von der Schnecke gelöst hat und auf den Rost fällt. Nach dem bekannten Verfahren müssen erhebliche Mengen Pyrolysegas zu der sekundären Gasverbrennungskammer transportiert werden, was zu Transportproblemen führen kann, ebenso die Zuführung der Sekundärluft zur Reinigung des Abgases. - Die Komponenten der Vergasungseinrichtung sind keine rationell herstellbaren Module und erscheinen zu einer solchen Ausbildung auch nicht geeignet.Also known is a gasification device for a biomass, in which the biomass is fed via a screw conveyor to a gasification chamber, wherein only one end-side section of the screw conveyor, at which the biomass falls into the gasification chamber, is open ( US 4,531,462 ). In the gasification chamber, the biomass can burn over a grate under which primary air is injected into an ash bed. Combustion gas or exhaust gas produced during combustion is conducted via a pipe into a gas combustion chamber, into which secondary air is introduced. Pure exhaust gas, which consists essentially only of CO 2 , H 2 O, O 2 and N 2 , should be discharged from the gasification chamber. - In this gasification device, the screw conveyor is used only for the transport of biomass, but not for drying or pyrolysis. This can be just like a first burn take place after the biomass has detached from the screw and falls on the rust. According to the known method, significant amounts of pyrolysis gas have to be transported to the secondary gas combustion chamber, which can lead to transport problems, as well as the supply of secondary air to purify the exhaust gas. The components of the gasification device are not rationally producible modules and do not appear to be such a training.

Zum ferneren Stand der Technik gehören ein Apparat und ein Verfahren zur thermischen Behandlung festen oder flüssigen Abfalls, bei denen der Abfall durch Trockendestillation und Trocknen verarbeitet wird ( WO 00/13811 ). Dabei wird der Abfall durch einen beheizten Ofen unter Abschluß gegenüber der Atmosphäre in dem Ofen mittels eines Schneckenförderers in eine thermisch isolierte, wärmedichte Verdampfungskammer transportiert. In der Verdampfungskammer wird der erhitzte Abfall durch Verdampfung in feste und flüssige Bestandteile getrennt. Einer der Ausgänge der Verdampfungskammer führt zu einem Kondensator, in dem in der Verdampfungskammer entstandene Dämpfe oder Gase kondensiert werden. Andere Ausgänge der Verdampfungskammern sind für nicht kondensierbares Gas sowie feste Bestandteile vorgesehen. - Insbesondere im Hinblick auf die niedrige Temperatur zur Verdampfung tritt in der bekannten Einrichtung keine Pyrolyse ein, somit kann kein Pyrolysegas verbrannt werden.The prior art includes an apparatus and a process for the thermal treatment of solid or liquid waste, where the waste is processed by dry distillation and drying ( WO 00/13811 ). In this case, the waste is transported through a heated furnace to the atmosphere in the furnace by means of a screw conveyor in a thermally insulated, heat-proof evaporation chamber. In the evaporation chamber, the heated waste is separated by evaporation into solid and liquid components. One of the exits of the vaporization chamber leads to a condenser in which vapors or gases formed in the vaporization chamber are condensed. Other outputs of the evaporation chambers are provided for non-condensable gas as well as solid components. - Especially in view of the low temperature for evaporation occurs in the known device no pyrolysis, so no pyrolysis gas can be burned.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zur Abfallbeseitigung zu entwickeln, mit dem Abfall verschiedener Art, insbesondere auch feuchter Abfall unkompliziert, sicher und effizient zu Asche und Rauchgas mit besonders niedrigem TOC verbrannt wird, ohne eine lange Verweilzeit in der zur Durchführung des Verfahrens vorgesehenen Einrichtung zu erfordern. Andererseits kann eine so lange Verweilzeit eingestellt werden, daß z.B. gesetzliche Vorschriften hieran erfüllt werden.The present invention is therefore based on the object to develop a method for waste disposal, with the waste of various types, especially wet waste is uncomplicated, safely and efficiently burned to ash and flue gas with very low TOC, without a long residence time in the implementation required by the procedure. On the other hand, such a long residence time can be set that, for example, legal requirements are met.

Diese Aufgabe wird für ein Verfahren mit den in Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmalen gelöst.This object is achieved for a method having the features specified in claim 1.

Hierbei umfaßt ein erster Schritt das Trocknen des Abfalls während seines Transports über wenigstens einen endseitigen Abschnitt einer Transportschnecke wie sie z.B. aus US-A-3,027,854 bekannt ist. Bei der Pyrolysierung werden unter Erhöhung des Heizwerts als Pyrolyseprodukte zwei hochwertige Brennstoffe, nämlich Pyrolysegas bzw. Schwelgas und Pyrolysekoks erzeugt. Nach Anlauf des Verfahrens durch Verbrennen flüssigen oder gasförmigen Zusatzbrennstoffs, z.B. Dieselkraftstoff, Abfallöl in der Nähe der Transporteinrichtung, wird durch Verbrennung der Pyrolyseprodukte überwiegend in der ersten Brennkammer die zum Trocknen und zur Pyrolyse erforderliche Wärme gebildet, so daß sich das Verfahren selbst in Gang halten kann. Zum Trocknen und Pyrolysieren des Abfalls steht deswegen zumindest der endseitige Abschnitt der Transportschnecke in direktem Kontakt mit der Atmosphäre der ersten Brennkammer, der z.B. durch einen Ventilator Luft zugeführt wird. Nach dem weitestgehenden Ausbrand der Pyrolyseprodukte enthält die erste Brennkammer Asche, Rauchgas und restliches teilverbranntes Pyrolysegas oder Schwelgas.Here, a first step comprises drying the waste during its transport via at least one end-side section of a transport screw such as, for example US-A-3,027,854 is known. During pyrolysis, two high-quality fuels, namely pyrolysis gas or carbonization gas and pyrolysis coke, are produced by increasing the calorific value as pyrolysis products. After starting the process by burning liquid or gaseous additional fuel, eg diesel fuel, waste oil in the vicinity of the transport device, the heat required for drying and pyrolysis is formed by combustion of the pyrolysis mainly in the first combustion chamber, so that the process itself keep going can. For drying and pyrolysis of the waste, therefore, at least the end-side section of the transport screw is in direct contact with the atmosphere of the first combustion chamber, which is supplied with air, for example, by a ventilator. After the most extensive burnout of the pyrolysis products, the first combustion chamber contains ash, flue gas and residual partially-burned pyrolysis gas or carbonization gas.

Der zweite Schritt des Verfahrens bewirkt durch Injektion pulsierender Luft in ein Aschebett, welches sich in der ersten Brennkammer unten ansammelt, daß der TOC-Gehalt der Asche weiter verringert wird. Hierzu wird sich ansammelnde Asche nach einer längeren Verweilzeit aus der ersten Brennkammer ausgetragen, die ein Vielfaches der Verweilzeit der Gase beträgt. Außerdem wird durch die Injektion pulsierender Luft in das Aschebett eine festgebackene Ascheschicht oder Aschebrücke, die sich unter Umständen gebildet hat, durchbrochen, so daß der Abtransport der Asche aus der ersten Brennkammer ungehindert erfolgen kann.The second step of the process, by injecting pulsating air into an ash bed which collects in the first combustion chamber at the bottom, causes the TOC content of the ash to be further reduced. For this purpose, accumulating ash after a longer residence time discharged from the first combustion chamber, which is a multiple of the residence time of the gases. In addition, through the injection of pulsating air into the ash bed a baked ash layer or ash bridge, which may have formed, broken through, so that the removal of the ash from the first combustion chamber can be carried out unhindered.

Um den TOC-Gehalt des in der ersten Brennkammer teilverbrannten Pyrolysegases weiter zu senken, wird in einem dritten Schritt das Pyrolysegas zusammen mit dem in der ersten Brennkammer gebildeten Rauchgas, welches Sauerstoff enthält, in einer zweiten Brennkammer intensiv gemischt und nachverbrannt. Wesentlich ist bei dem dritten Schritt eine hohe Kontaktrate zwischen dem Rauchgas bzw. dessen Sauerstoff und dem teilverbrannten Pyrolysegas.In order to further reduce the TOC content of the pyrolysis gas which is partially combusted in the first combustion chamber, the pyrolysis gas is combined in a third step with the flue gas formed in the first combustion chamber, which contains oxygen, intensively mixed and post-combusted in a second combustion chamber. It is essential in the third step, a high contact rate between the flue gas or its oxygen and the partially burned pyrolysis gas.

Eine solche hohe Kontaktrate bzw. intensive Durchmischung des teilverbrannten Pyrolysegases und Rauchgases in der zweiten Brennkammer wird gemäß Anspruch 7 zuverlässig mit einem Turbulatorpaket erzielt, welches z.B. eine wenig Eigenvolumen beanspruchende Packung aus hochtemperaturbeständigem Draht umfassen kann.Such a high contact rate or intensive mixing of the partially combusted pyrolysis gas and flue gas in the second combustion chamber is achieved according to claim 7 reliably with a turbulator package, which, for example. may include a little self-consuming pack of high temperature resistant wire.

In vorteilhafter Weise kann das Turbulatorpaket außerdem als Abscheider dienen, der gemäß Anspruch 2 aus dem nachzuverbrennenden Pyrolysegas und Rauchgas in der zweiten Brennkammer Flugasche zurückhält. Statt des Turbulators kann zu diesem Zweck aber auch ein Zyklon vorgesehen sein.Advantageously, the turbulator package can also serve as a separator, which retains fly ash according to claim 2 from the nachverbrennenden pyrolysis gas and flue gas in the second combustion chamber. Instead of the turbulator can be provided for this purpose but also a cyclone.

Nur bei dem ersten Schritt des Verfahrens gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung wird von einem Verfahren Gebrauch gemacht, welches zur unkomplizierten, sicheren und effizienten Trocknung sowie Pyrolyse des Abfalls vorgeschlagen wurde (als EP-A1-1384948 veröffentlichte europäische Anmeldung EP 02 016 462.0 ). Gemäß diesem bekannten Verfahren wird der Abfall mit einer an einem endseitigen Abschnitt oben offenen Transportschnecke in mehreren in Transportrichtung aufeinander folgenden Phasen in direktem Kontakt mit der Ofenatmosphäre fortlaufend transportiert. Hierzu gehört eine Phase des Trocknens des Abfalls längs des endseitigen Abschnitts und in einer anschließenden Phase die Pyrolyse des Abfalls weiter längs des endseitigen Abschnitts der Transportschnecke. Anschließend fällt der pyrolysierte Abfall in einen freien Bereich des Ofeninnern, in dem spätestens ein Ausbrand des Abfalls weitgehend abgeschlossen wird. Damit kann auch Abfall mit hoher Feuchtigkeit verarbeitet werden, der einen Wassergehalt von 75 Massenprozent aufweist. Der Abfall wird in dem Ofeninnern zunächst an der Transportschnecke und anschließend in dem freien Bereich des Ofeninnern einer Ofenatmosphäre von 850°C bis 1200°C ausgesetzt. Weiterhin kann nach dem bekannten Verfahren parallel zur Verarbeitung feuchten Abfalls mit einer ersten Schnecke mit einem ersten drehzahlgeregelten Antrieb Abfall niedriger Feuchtigkeit mit einer zweiten Schnecke mit einem von dem ersten drehzahlgeregelten Antrieb unabhängig geregelten zweiten Antrieb ebenfalls in direktem Kontakt mit der Ofenatmosphäre verarbeitet werden.Only the first step of the process according to the present invention makes use of a method which has been proposed for the uncomplicated, safe and efficient drying and pyrolysis of the waste (as EP-A1-1384948 published European application EP 02 016 462.0 ). In accordance with this known method, the waste is transported continuously with a transport screw open at one end-side section in a plurality of successive phases in the transport direction in direct contact with the furnace atmosphere. This includes a phase of drying the waste along the end portion and in a subsequent phase the pyrolysis of the waste further along the end portion of the transport screw. Subsequently, the pyrolyzed waste falls into a free area of the furnace interior, in which at the latest a burn-out of the waste is largely completed. This can also be processed waste with high humidity, which has a water content of 75 percent by mass. The waste is in the furnace inside first on the screw conveyor and then in the free area of the furnace interior of a furnace atmosphere of 850 ° C to 1200 ° C exposed. Furthermore, according to the known method parallel to the processing wet waste with a first screw with a first variable speed drive waste low moisture with a second screw with a controlled independently from the first variable speed drive second drive can also be processed in direct contact with the furnace atmosphere.

Auch von den letztgenannten Merkmalen kann bei der vorliegenden Erfindung zusätzlich Gebrauch gemacht werden.Also of the latter features can be used in the present invention additional use.

Dabei beträgt die Temperatur der heißen Atmosphäre nicht nur in der ersten Brennkammer, sondern auch in der zweiten Brennkammer 850°C bis 1200°C. Bei darüber hinaus gehender Temperatur wäre die Struktur der Einrichtung gefährdet, mit der das Verfahren ausgeübt wird.The temperature of the hot atmosphere is not only in the first combustion chamber, but also in the second combustion chamber 850 ° C to 1200 ° C. If the temperature goes beyond that, the structure of the device with which the method is exercised would be jeopardized.

Dem soll gemäß Anspruch 16 auch eine mit dem Innern der ersten Brennkammer in Verbindung stehende Wassereintrageinrichtung entgegenwirken.This is to counteract according to claim 16, a standing with the interior of the first combustion chamber water inlet device.

Gemäß Anspruch 4 kann mit dem ersten Verfahrensschritt der vorliegenden Erfindung ebenfalls feuchter Abfall und trockener Abfall parallel mit hoher Verarbeitungsleistung verarbeitet werden.According to claim 4, with the first process step of the present invention, also wet waste and dry waste can be processed in parallel with high processing performance.

Es besteht aber auch die weniger aufwendige Möglichkeit, feuchten Abfall und trockenen Abfall mit nur einer Transportschnecke zu trocknen und zu pyrolysieren, indem die Abfälle unterschiedlicher Feuchtigkeit der Transportschnecke getaktet zugeführt werden.But there is also the less expensive way to dry and pyrolyze wet waste and dry waste with only one screw conveyor by the waste of different moisture of the screw conveyor are fed clocked.

Eine Definition des feuchten Abfalls mit einem Wassergehalt von bis zu 75 Massenprozent und des trockenen Abfalls mit einem Wassergehalt von bis zu 15 Massenprozent ist in Anspruch 5 angegeben. Somit kann gemäß dem Verfahren Abfall unterschiedlicher Feuchtigkeit zwischen 0 bis zu 75 Massenprozent Wassergehalt, also einem weiten Feuchtigkeitsbereich, verarbeitet werden.A definition of wet waste with a water content of up to 75 percent by mass and the dry waste with a water content of up to 15 percent by mass is given in claim 5. Thus, according to the method Waste of different moisture between 0 up to 75 percent by mass water content, ie a wide range of moisture, processed.

Der zweite Verfahrensschritt, wonach in das Aschebett pulsierende Luft zur Nachverbrennung injiziert wird, kann in wenig aufwendiger Weise gemäß Anspruch 6 als erste Alternative damit realisiert werden, daß die pulsierende Luft in das Aschebett in nur einem radialen Abstand injiziert wird. Bevorzugt erfolgt jedoch die Injektion als zweite Alternative in zwei unterschiedlichen radialen Abständen: Damit kann erreicht werden, daß ein unterer Bereich des Aschebetts durch Luftinjektion gekühlt wird und in diesem die Ascheschraube. Dagegen ist die Injektion, die in einem größeren radialen Abstand zu der Ascheschnecke erfolgt, hinsichtlich des Aufbrechens der festgebackenen Schicht bzw. Aschebrücke besonders wirksam.The second process step, according to which pulsating air is injected into the ash bed for afterburning, can be realized in a less complicated manner according to claim 6 as the first alternative that the pulsating air is injected into the ash bed in only one radial distance. Preferably, however, the injection takes place as a second alternative in two different radial distances: This can be achieved that a lower portion of the ash bed is cooled by air injection and in this the ash screw. In contrast, the injection, which takes place at a greater radial distance from the ash screw, with respect to the breaking up of the baked layer or ash bridge is particularly effective.

Demgemäß sind in der zur Ausübung des Verfahrens vorgesehenen Einrichtung die Luftdüsen nach Anspruch 13 als erste Alternative in mindestens einer Reihe in nur einem radialen Abstand zu der Ascheschnecke angeordnet und nach Anspruch 14 in mindestens zwei Reihen in zwei radialen Abständen.Accordingly, in the apparatus provided for carrying out the method, the air nozzles according to claim 13 are arranged as a first alternative in at least one row at only a radial distance to the ash screw and according to claim 14 in at least two rows at two radial distances.

Wie oben erwähnt wird zur Einleitung des erfindungsgemäßen Abfallverarbeitungsverfahrens zunächst benachbart zu der Transportschnecke bzw. den beiden Transportschnecken ein Brenner für flüssige oder gasförmige Zusatzbrennstoffe aktiviert, der zu der Einrichtung gemäß Anspruch 19 gehört, und zwar, bis die Atmosphäre benachbart zu der Transportschnecke mindestens 850°C erreicht. Anschließend beginnt die Zufuhr des Abfalls. Sobald aus diesem genügend hochwertiger Brennstoff, insbesondere Pyrolysegas, erzeugt wurde, welcher bei Luftzufuhr in die erste Brennkammer verbrennt, und die Atmosphäre der ersten Brennkammer und damit bei der Transportschnecke genügend erwärmt ist, kann die Zufuhr des Zusatzbrennstoffes gestoppt werden, weil sich der Verbrennungsvorgang in der ersten Brennkammer selbst erhalten kann.As mentioned above, to initiate the waste processing method of the present invention, adjacent to the screw conveyor or augers, a liquid or gaseous auxiliary fuel burner associated with the device of claim 19 is activated until the atmosphere adjacent to the screw conveyor reaches at least 850 ° C C reached. Subsequently, the supply of waste begins. As soon as sufficient high-quality fuel, in particular pyrolysis gas, has been produced from this, which burns in the first combustion chamber when the air is supplied, and the atmosphere of the first combustion chamber and thus sufficiently heated in the screw conveyor, the supply of additional fuel can be stopped because the combustion process in the first combustion chamber itself can receive.

Die Einrichtungen gemäß den Ansprüchen 8 bis 18 dienen zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens.The devices according to claims 8 to 18 serve to carry out the method according to the invention.

Die aus mehreren Modulen aufgebaute Einrichtung zur Abfallverarbeitung nach Anspruch 8 ist zur Herstellung von Einrichtungen unterschiedlicher Leistung besonders fertigungsgünstig. Das Ofenvolumen kann an die zu verbrennende Abfallmenge einfach angepaßt werden. Durch Wahl der Volumina der Module kann die Verweilzeit des Rauchgases in der Einrichtung eingestellt werden.The built-up of several modules waste processing apparatus according to claim 8 is particularly favorable production for the production of devices of different performance. The furnace volume can be easily adapted to the amount of waste to be burned. By selecting the volumes of the modules, the residence time of the flue gas in the device can be adjusted.

Zu diesem Zweck kann vorteilhaft das zweite Modul, welches die zweite Brennkammer beinhaltet, gemäß Anspruch 9 aus mehreren Volumensegmenten zusammengestellt werden, wobei die Volumensegmente untereinander über vorzugsweise horizontale Durchgänge für das teilverbrannte Pyrolysegas verbunden sind. Eine Ausgangsöffnung eines Volumensegments bildet dabei mit einer Eingangsöffnung eines benachbarten Volumensegments eine Durchgangsöffnung. Eine Ausgangsöffnung eines Volumensegments kann mit dessen Eingangsöffnung über ein Turbulatorpaket in Verbindung stehen. Wenn die Turbulatorpakete in solchen strömungsmäßig hintereinander angeordneten Volumensegmenten immer dichter gepackt sind, wird ein besonders guter Flugascheabscheidungseffekt erzielt. - Es ist aber auch möglich, nicht alle Volumensegmente mit Turbulatorpaketen auszustatten und trotzdem die Wirkung einer Verlängerung der Verweilzeit des Rauchgases bzw. verbrannten Pyrolysegases in der Gesamteinrichtung zu erreichen, beispielsweise um gesetzlichen Bestimmungen zu genügen.For this purpose, advantageously, the second module, which includes the second combustion chamber, according to claim 9 are composed of a plurality of volume segments, wherein the volume segments are interconnected via preferably horizontal passages for the partially burned pyrolysis gas. An outlet opening of a volume segment forms an access opening with an inlet opening of an adjacent volume segment. An exit port of a volume segment may communicate with its entrance port via a turbulator package. If the turbulator packages are packaged ever closer in such fluidly arranged behind one another volume segments, a particularly good fly ash separation effect is achieved. - But it is also possible not to equip all volume segments with turbulator packages and still achieve the effect of extending the residence time of the flue gas or burned pyrolysis gas in the overall device, for example, to meet legal requirements.

Gemäß Anspruch 10 können die Volumina der Module bzw. Volumensegmente durch einfügbare Wandzwischenstücke einfach variabel gestaltet sein, um die Verweilzeit durch Volumenänderung abzustimmen.According to claim 10, the volumes of the modules or volume segments can be made easily variable by insertable wall spacers to tune the residence time by volume change.

Insgesamt dient die Volumenanpassung an den Durchsatz des verbrennenden Abfalls ebenfalls zur Minimierung des TOC-Gehalts.Overall, the volume adjustment to the throughput of the burning waste also serves to minimize the TOC content.

Das in jeweils dem zweiten Modul bzw. wenigstens einem Volumensegment des zweiten Moduls vorgesehene Turbulatorpaket umfaßt vorzugsweise nach Anspruch 11 eine Packung aus hochtemperaturbeständigem Draht. Der Draht kann unter der Strömung des durch das Turbulatorpaket geleiteten Gasstroms in Schwingung geraten und dadurch die Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit der restlichen Verbrennung des teilverbrannten Pyrolysegases mit dem Restsauerstoff des Rauchgases durch intensiven Kontakt verbessern. Es ist aber auch möglich, das Turbulatorpaket aus Blechstreifen oder keramischen Füllkörpern aufzubauen. Letztere sind allerdings gegenüber den erst genannten Alternativen schwerer und haben ein großes Eigenvolumen.The turbulator package provided in each case in the second module or at least one volume segment of the second module preferably comprises a packing of high temperature resistant wire according to claim 11. The wire may vibrate under the flow of the gas stream passed through the turbulator package, thereby improving the reaction rate of residual combustion of the partially combusted pyrolysis gas with the residual oxygen of the flue gas through intensive contact. But it is also possible to build the turbulator package of metal strips or ceramic packing. However, the latter are heavier compared to the alternatives mentioned and have a large volume of their own.

In dem ersten Modul, welches die erste Brennkammer beinhaltet, in der unten eine Ascheauffang- und Transporteinrichtung angeordnet ist, wird die Austragseinrichtung nach Anspruch 13 bevorzugt als Ascheschnecke realisiert. Zu dieser sind, wie oben erläutert, die Luftdüsen mindestens in einer Reihe in einem radialen Abstand zu der Ascheschnecke angeordnet, um die Luft pulsierend in das Aschebett zu injizieren.In the first module, which includes the first combustion chamber in which an ash collecting and transport device is arranged below, the discharge device according to claim 13 is preferably realized as an ash screw. To this, as explained above, the air nozzles are arranged at least in a row at a radial distance to the ash screw to inject the air pulsating into the ash bed.

Gemäß Anspruch 15 ist der endseitige Abschnitt der Transportschnecke, die zum Transport des Abfalls in die erste Brennkammer mit Trocknung und anschließender Pyrolyse vorgesehen ist, wie bereits vorgeschlagen, unten in einen halbschaligen Mantel aus feuerfestem Material gefaßt. Damit wird erreicht, daß der mit der Transportschnecke transportierte Abfall einerseits auf der Oberseite der Transportschnecke direkt der Atmosphäre der ersten Brennkammer ausgesetzt ist und gleichwohl die Transportfunktion durch die Fassung an der Unterseite in dem halbschalenförmigen Mantel gewährleistet ist, der außerdem zur Wärmeübertragung an dem transportierten Abfall beiträgt.According to claim 15, the end-side portion of the screw conveyor, which is provided for transporting the waste into the first combustion chamber with drying and subsequent pyrolysis, as already proposed, taken down in a half-shell coat of refractory material. This ensures that the transported with the screw conveyor waste is exposed on the one hand on the top of the screw conveyor directly to the atmosphere of the first combustion chamber and nevertheless the transport function is ensured by the socket on the bottom in the shell-shaped shell, which also for heat transfer to the transported waste contributes.

Gemäß Anspruch 16 sind in einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform zwei Transportschnecken, und zwar je eine zur Zufuhr feuchten Abfalls und trockenen Abfalls an einem Kopf der ersten Brennkammer angeordnet.According to claim 16, in a preferred embodiment, two transport screws, one for each wet moist waste and dry waste disposed at a head of the first combustion chamber.

Die Transportschnecken können nach Anspruch 17 innen durch Zwangsluft gekühlt sein, um nicht thermisch überlastet zu werden.The screw conveyor can be cooled according to claim 17 inside by forced air, so as not to be thermally overloaded.

Der in Anspruch 19 angegebene Brenner für flüssige oder gasförmige Zusatzbrennstoffe benachbart zu der Transportschnecke bzw. beiden Transportschnecken dient wie erwähnt nur zur Einleitung der Abfallverbrennung, woran anschließend die Abfallverbrennung kontinuierlich ohne Einsatz von Zusatzbrennstoffen erfolgt.The specified in claim 19 burner for liquid or gaseous additional fuel adjacent to the screw conveyor or both screw conveyor serves as mentioned only to initiate the waste incineration, followed by the incineration is carried out continuously without the use of additional fuels.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird im folgenden an Hand einer Zeichnung mit drei Figuren näher erläutert, woraus sich weitere Vorteile und Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben können. Es zeigt:

Fig. 1
Eine Ansicht auf eine Längsseite der Einrichtung, teilweise geschnitten,
Fig. 2
eine Draufsicht auf die Einrichtung gemäß Fig. 1, ebenfalls teilweise geschnitten, und
Fig. 3
eine Ansicht auf die rechte Stirnseite der Einrichtung, ebenfalls teilweise geschnitten.
An embodiment of the invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to a drawing with three figures, from which further advantages and features of the invention may result. It shows:
Fig. 1
A view on one longitudinal side of the device, partially cut,
Fig. 2
a plan view of the device of FIG. 1, also partially cut, and
Fig. 3
a view on the right side of the device, also partially cut.

Die Einrichtung umfaßt ein erstes Modul 1 sowie ein zweites Modul 2, welches aus Volumensegmenten 3 und 4 zusammengesetzt ist. Das erste Modul beinhaltet, wie weiter unten ausgeführt, eine erste Brennkammer 6 und das zweite Modul 2 eine zweite Brennkammer 7. Die Volumina der Module 1, 2 bzw. die Volumensegmente 3 - 4 des zweiten Moduls 2 können durch Einfügen von Wandzwischenstücken 8 - 10 an die erforderliche Kapazität der Einrichtung zum Verbrennen von Abfall angepaßt werden. Das erste Modul 1 ist mit dem Volumensegment 3 des zweiten Moduls 2 über einen Durchgang 12 gasleitend verbunden. Ein weiterer Durchgang 13 verbindet das Volumensegment 3 mit dem weiteren Volumensegment 4 des zweiten Moduls 2. Ein weiterer Durchgang 14 des zweiten Volumensegments kann zu einem dritten Volumensegment führen oder bildet einen Ausgang der Einrichtung. Das optimale Volumensegment 4 ist mit unterbrochenen Linien dargestellt. Abgesehen von dem Ausgang des letzten Volumensegments verbindet jeder Durchgang eine Eingangsöffnung eines Moduls z.B. 2 mit einer Ausgangsöffnung eines benachbarten Moduls z.B. 1. Die Eingangsöffnungen und die Ausgangsöffnungen sind in der Zeichnung nicht bezeichnet.The device comprises a first module 1 and a second module 2, which is composed of volume segments 3 and 4. The first module includes, as explained below, a first combustion chamber 6 and the second module 2, a second combustion chamber 7. The volumes of the modules 1, 2 and the volume segments 3-4 of the second module 2 can by inserting wall spacers 8-10 adapted to the required capacity of the waste incinerator. The first module 1 is with the Volume segment 3 of the second module 2 connected via a passage 12 gas-conducting. Another passage 13 connects the volume segment 3 to the further volume segment 4 of the second module 2. A further passage 14 of the second volume segment may lead to a third volume segment or forms an exit of the device. The optimal volume segment 4 is shown with broken lines. Apart from the exit of the last volume segment, each passage connects an entrance opening of a module eg 2 to an exit opening of an adjacent module eg 1. The entrance openings and the exit openings are not marked in the drawing.

An einem Kopf der ersten Brennkammer 6 bzw. des die erste Brennkammer beinhaltenden ersten Moduls 1 sind zwei Transportschnecken 15, 16 angebracht, von denen die Transportschnecke 15 mit relativ kleinem Durchmesser zum Transport von feuchtem Abfall dient und die Transportschnecke 16 mit relativ großem Durchmesser zum Transport von trockenem Abfall. Von einer Beschickungsseite 17 abgewandt befindet sich die erste Brennkammer 6, die mit dem die Transportschnecken 15, 16 umgebenden Raum 18 in offener Verbindung steht. In diesem Raum 18 sind die Transportschnecken oben offen und nur auf ihren Unterseiten von einem nicht dargestellten halbschalenförmigen, annähernd U-förmigen Mantel aus feuerfestem Material umfaßt. Der Mantel ist zweckmäßig aus einer Ofenausmauerung aus Schamottstein geformt.At a head of the first combustion chamber 6 and the first combustion chamber-containing first module 1, two transport screws 15, 16 are mounted, of which the transport screw 15 with a relatively small diameter for transporting moist waste and the transport screw 16 with a relatively large diameter for transport of dry waste. Facing away from a feed side 17 is the first combustion chamber 6, which is in open communication with the space 18 surrounding the transport screws 15, 16. In this space 18, the screw conveyors are open at the top and includes only on their undersides of a non-illustrated shell-shaped, approximately U-shaped shell of refractory material. The coat is suitably formed from a furnace lining of firebrick.

Zwischen den Transportschnecken 15, 16 ist in dem Raum 18 ein Brenner 19 für Zusatzbrennstoff wie Dieselkraftstoff oder Abfallöl angeordnet, so daß er die Atmosphäre in dem Raum 18 und den mit den Transportschnecken 15, 16 transportierten Abfall nach Zündung des Zusatzbrennstoffes erhitzen kann.Between the transport screws 15, 16, a burner 19 for additional fuel such as diesel fuel or waste oil is arranged in the space 18 so that it can heat the atmosphere in the space 18 and the transported with the screw conveyors 15, 16 waste after ignition of the additional fuel.

In die erste Brennkammer 6 mündet weiterhin ein Luftventilator 20, der unterhalb des Raums 18 in einem Gestell untergebracht ist.In the first combustion chamber 6 further opens an air fan 20, which is housed below the space 18 in a frame.

In der ersten Brennkammer 6 bzw. dem die erste Brennkammer 6 einschlieβenden ersten Modul 1 ist unten eine Ascheauffang- und Transporteinrichtung 21 mit einer Ascheschnecke 22 angeordnet, so daß sie die durch den Ausbrand der Pyrolyseprodukte entstehende Asche auffangen kann, die anschließend mit der Ascheschnecke ausgetragen wird. Im radialen Abstand zu der Transportschnecke 22 befinden sich weiterhin in der ersten Brennkammer 6 vier Reihen Luftdüsen 23 - 26, die über eine Leitung 27 mit pulsierender Luft beaufschlagt werden. Die Reihen 23 und 26 befinden sich dabei in einem engeren radialen Abstand zu der Ascheschnecke 22 als die Reihen 24 und 25.In the first combustion chamber 6 and the first combustion chamber 6 including the first first module 1, an ash collecting and transporting device 21 is arranged with an ash screw 22 so that they can catch the ash resulting from the combustion of the pyrolysis products, which subsequently discharged with the ash screw becomes. At a radial distance from the transport screw 22 are still in the first combustion chamber 6 four rows of air nozzles 23 - 26, which are acted upon by a line 27 with pulsating air. The rows 23 and 26 are in a closer radial distance to the ash screw 22 than the rows 24 and 25th

Zum Schutz gegen Überhitzung ragt weiterhin in die erste Brennkammer 6 eine Wassereintrageinrichtung 28.To protect against overheating still protrudes into the first combustion chamber 6, a water inlet device 28th

Der Ausgang der ersten Brennkammer 6 an dem Durchgang 12 befindet sich in dem oberen Bereich der ersten Brennkammer 6 zur Durchleitung von Rauchgas und teilverbranntem Pyrolysegas zu dem zweiten Modul 2.The output of the first combustion chamber 6 at the passage 12 is located in the upper region of the first combustion chamber 6 for the passage of flue gas and partially combusted pyrolysis gas to the second module. 2

In dem Volumensegment 3 des zweiten Moduls 2 ist ein Turbulatorpaket 29 untergebracht, und zwar so, daß dieses den Durchgang 12, in den das Rauchgas und teilverbrannte Pyrolysegas eintritt, von dem als Ausgang dienenden Durchgang 13 dieses Volumensegments trennt. Hierzu dient auch eine durchbrochene Wand 30. Das Turbulatorpaket 29 ist in der vorliegenden Ausführungsform aus einer Packung aus hochtemperaturbeständigem Draht gebildet, wobei die Packungsdichte den jeweiligen individuellen Erfordernissen angepaßt ist. Bei geringer Packungsdichte wird das Rauchgas und das weitgehend verbrannte Pyrolysegas widerstandsarm zu dem Durchgang 13 geleitet. Das Turbulatorpaket 29 kann aber auch eine Abscheidefunktion für Flugasche aus dem Rauchgas ausüben, die bei höherer Packungsdichte gefördert wird.In the volume segment 3 of the second module 2, a turbulator package 29 is housed, in such a way that it separates the passage 12, in which the flue gas and partially burned pyrolysis gas enters, from the output serving as the passage 13 of this volume segment. An openwork wall 30 also serves this purpose. The turbulator package 29 is formed in the present embodiment from a packing of high-temperature-resistant wire, wherein the packing density is adapted to the respective individual requirements. At low packing density, the flue gas and the largely burned pyrolysis gas is passed to the passage 13 with little resistance. The turbulator package 29 can also exert a separation function for fly ash from the flue gas, which is conveyed at a higher packing density.

In den Raum zwischen der Wand 30 und stromaufwärts des Turbulatorpakets 29 mündet optional ein Luftgebläse 31, welches unterhalb des Turbulatorpakets 29 in dem Volumensegment 3 des zweiten Moduls 2 untergebracht ist.In the space between the wall 30 and upstream of the turbulator package 29 opens an optional air blower 31, which is housed below the turbulator package 29 in the volume segment 3 of the second module 2.

Das sich an das Volumensegment 3 anschließende Volumensegment 4 ist ähnlich wie das Volumensegment 3 aufgebaut, umfaßt jedoch kein Luftgebläse. Alternativ kann das Volumensegment 4 auch ohne weiteres Turbulatorpaket 32, jedoch mit der den Strömungsweg zwischen dem Durchgang 13 und dem Durchgang 14 mit formender Wand 33 ausgebildet sein.The adjoining the volume segment 3 volume segment 4 is similar to the volume segment 3 constructed, but does not include an air blower. Alternatively, the volume segment 4 may be formed without a further turbulator package 32, but with the flow path between the passage 13 and the passage 14 with forming wall 33.

Das Verfahren zur Abfallverarbeitung, welches mit der beschriebenen Einrichtung durchgeführt werden kann, wird durch Erhitzen des Raums 18 mittels des Brenners 19 eingeleitet. Sobald der Raum 18 eine Temperatur von wenigstens 850°C erreicht hat, wird der zu verbrennende Abfall den Transportschnecken 15 und 16 zugeführt, und zwar der Transportschnecke 15 feuchter Abfall und der Transportschnecke 16 trockener Abfall. Im Verlauf des Transports zu der ersten Brennkammer 6 wird zunächst auch der feuchte Abfall getrocknet. Bei der in dem Raum 18 herrschenden Temperatur > 850°C wird der Abfall, der mit den Transportschnecken 15 und 16 weiter zu der ersten Brennkammer 6 transportiert wird, pyrolysiert, wobei als hochwertige Brennstoffe Pyrolysegas und Pyrolysekoks entstehen. Unter Luftzufuhr werden das Pyrolysegas und der Pyrolysekoks verbrannt, wobei der Ausbrand dieser Pyrolyseprodukte in der ersten Brennkammer 6 weitestgehend abgeschlossen wird. In ihr sind schließlich Asche, Rauchgas mit teilverbranntem Pyrolysegas vorhanden. Der TOC-Gehalt dieser Produkte ist nach dem geschilderten ersten Schritt bereits gering.The method of waste processing that can be performed with the described device is initiated by heating the space 18 by means of the burner 19. Once the space 18 has reached a temperature of at least 850 ° C, the waste to be incinerated is fed to the transport screws 15 and 16, namely the transport screw 15 wet waste and the screw conveyor 16 dry waste. In the course of transport to the first combustion chamber 6, the wet waste is first dried. In the prevailing in the space 18 temperature> 850 ° C, the waste, which is transported with the screw conveyors 15 and 16 further to the first combustion chamber 6, pyrolyzed, resulting in high-quality fuels pyrolysis and pyrolysis. Under air supply, the pyrolysis gas and the pyrolysis coke are burned, wherein the burn-out of these pyrolysis products in the first combustion chamber 6 is largely completed. In it are finally ash, flue gas with partially burned pyrolysis gas available. The TOC content of these products is already low after the described first step.

In einem sich daran anschließenden zweiten Schritt wird der TOC-Gehalt der Asche, die von der Ascheauffang- und Transporteinrichtung 21 gesammelt wird, weiter verringert, indem in das sich bildende Aschebett 34 mittels der Reihen 23 - 26 Luftdüsen pulsierende Luft injiziert wird. Hierzu kann der Luftdurchfluß durch die Leitung 27 im Sekundenrhythmus unterbrochen werden. Die pulsierende injizierte Druckluft hat weiterhin die Wirkung, daß eine festgebackene Schicht auf dem Aschebett durchbrochen wird und so ebenfalls mit der Ascheschnecke 22 abgefördert werden kann. Zu dem Durchbrechen dienen primär die Reihen 23 und 26 Luftdüsen in größerem Abstand zu der Ascheschnecke. Die Reihen Luftdüsen 24 und 25 befinden sich näher an der Ascheschnecke 22, um diese über das Aschebett 34 zu kühlen.In a subsequent second step, the TOC content of the ash collected from the ash capture and transport means 21 is further reduced by injecting pulsating air into the forming ash bed 34 by means of the rows 23-26 air nozzles. For this purpose, the air flow through the line 27 can be interrupted every second. The pulsating Injected compressed air has the further effect that a caked layer is broken on the ash bed and so can also be carried away with the ash screw 22. To break through serve primarily the rows 23 and 26 air nozzles at a greater distance to the ash screw. The rows of air nozzles 24 and 25 are closer to the ash screw 22 to cool it over the ash bed 34.

Mit dem zweiten Schritt wird erreicht, daß qualitativ hochwertige Asche, d.h. eine solche mit sehr niedrigem TOC-Gehalt aus der ersten Brennkammer 6 ausgetragen wird.The second step achieves that high quality ash, i. such is discharged with a very low TOC content from the first combustion chamber 6.

Um auch den TOC-Gehalt in dem Rauchgas und teilverbrannten Pyrolysegas weiter herab zu setzen, wird dieses in das zweite Modul 2, und zwar zunächst das Volumensegment 3 geleitet. Hierin durchströmt das Rauchgas und teilverbrannte Pyrolysegas das Turbulatorpaket, mit dem eine hohe Kontaktrate zwischen dem teilverbrannten Pyrolysegas und dem in dem Rauchgas vorhandenen Sauerstoff erzielt wird, so daß beide Gase intensiv gemischt werden und das Pyrolysegas nachverbrannt wird. Zusätzlich zu dem im Rauchgas vorhandenen Sauerstoff kann Zusatzluft zur Nachverbrennung beitragen, die durch das Luftgebläse 31 in dem Raum stromaufwärts des Turbulatorpakets 29 transportiert wird.In order to further reduce the TOC content in the flue gas and partially burned pyrolysis gas, this is passed into the second module 2, namely the volume segment 3. Here, the flue gas and partially burned pyrolysis gas flows through the turbulator package, with which a high contact rate between the partially burned pyrolysis gas and the oxygen present in the flue gas is achieved, so that both gases are mixed intensively and the pyrolysis gas is post-combusted. In addition to the oxygen present in the flue gas, additional air can contribute to the afterburning which is transported by the air blower 31 in the space upstream of the turbulator package 29.

Das Turbulatorpaket 29 in dem zweiten Modul 2 kann weiterhin als Abscheider für Flugasche wirken, insbesondere bei dichter Packung. Dazu kann das Turbulatorpaket 29 mit einem Rüttler und einer Flugascheaustrageinrichtung ergänzt werden.The turbulator package 29 in the second module 2 can continue to act as a separator for fly ash, especially in dense packing. For this purpose, the turbulator package 29 can be supplemented with a vibrator and a fly ash discharge device.

Abgesehen von den vorangehend genannten Funktionen des Turbulatorpakets 29 wirken sich die Volumensegmente infolge ihres Strömungswegs zwischen den Durchgängen 12 bzw. Eingang und Ausgang auf die Verweilzeit aus. Es kann daher sinnvoll sein, nachfolgende Volumensegmente wie das Volumensegment 4 auch ohne Turbulatorpaket zu nutzen, um eine ausreichende Rauchgasverweilzeit in der Einrichtung zu gewährleisten. In dieser Art können beispielsweise mindestens zwei Sekunden Verweilzeit, wie sie durch das (deutsche) Bundesemissionsschutzgesetz vorgeschrieben sind, mit Sicherheit erreicht werden.Apart from the above-mentioned functions of the turbulator package 29, the volume segments due to their flow path between the passages 12 and input and output affect the residence time. It may therefore be useful to have subsequent volume segments such as the volume segment 4 without turbulator package to ensure a sufficient flue gas residence time in the device. In this way, for example, at least two seconds residence time, as prescribed by the (German) Federal Emission Control Law, can be achieved with certainty.

BezugszahlenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
1. Modul1st module
22
2. Modul2nd module
33
Volumensegmentvolume segment
4 54 5
Volumensegmentvolume segment
66
1. Brennkammer1st combustion chamber
77
2. Brennkammer2nd combustion chamber
88th
WandzwischenstückWall adapter
99
WandzwischenstückWall adapter
10 1110 11
WandzwischenstückWall adapter
1212
Durchgangpassage
1313
Durchgangpassage
1414
Durchgang (oder Ausgang)Passage (or exit)
1515
Transportschneckescrew conveyor
1616
Transportschneckescrew conveyor
1717
Beschickungsseiteloading side
1818
Raumroom
1919
Brennerburner
2020
Luftventilatorair fan
2121
Aschauffang- und TransporteinrichtungAsh collecting and transport device
2222
Ascheschneckeash screw
2323
Reihe LuftdüsenSeries of air nozzles
2424
Reihe LuftdüsenSeries of air nozzles
2525
Reihe LuftdüsenSeries of air nozzles
2626
Reihe LuftdüsenSeries of air nozzles
2727
Leitungmanagement
2828
WassereintrageinrichtungWater feed means
2929
Turbulatorpaketturbulator
3030
Wandwall
3131
Luftgebläseair blower
3232
Turbulatorpaketturbulator
3333
Wandwall
3434
Aschebettash bed

Claims (19)

  1. Process for waste treatment particularly of humid waste comprising at least one first incineration chamber (6) into which the waste from a feeding station is transported, while being heated, by at least one transportation auger (15, 16),
    wherein, in a phase of drying, the waste is transported along at least one end-side section of said transportation auger (15, 16) in direct contact with the atmosphere of said first incineration chamber (6), subsequently, in a phase of pyrolysis, is further transported along said end-side section, also in direct contact with the atmosphere of said first incineration chamber (6),
    after which pyrolysis products are transported into said first incineration chamber (6) in which a phase of combustion of said pyrolysis products is completed to the greatest possible extent
    characterized in
    that afterburning of the ash produced in said first incineration chamber (6) is performed while injecting pulsating air into an ash bed (34)
    and, in a second incineration chamber (7), pyrolysis gas which has partly been burned at the latest in said first incineration chamber (6) is intensively mixed with flue gas generated by the combustion of the pyrolysis products and with oxygen present in the flue gas and is subjected to afterburning.
  2. Process according to claim 1,
    characterized in
    that from said pyrolysis gas and flue gas to be subjected to afterburning in said second incineration chamber (7), fly ash is retained by a separator.
  3. Process according to one of claims 1 and 2,
    characterized in
    that the temperature of the atmosphere in said incineration chambers (6, 7) amounts to 850°C to 1200°C.
  4. Process according to one of the foregoing claims 1 to 3,
    characterized in
    that humid waste and dry waste are separately fed in parallel with speeds different relative to each other to said first incineration chamber (6) so that the humid waste is subjected to the atmosphere of said first incineration chamber (6) for a longer period of time than the dry waste.
  5. Process according to claim 4
    characterized in
    that the humid waste has a water content of up to 75 mass percent and the dry waste has a water content of up to 15 mass percent.
  6. Process according to one of the foregoing claims 1 to 5,
    characterized in
    that air pulsating in said first incineration chamber (6) is injected into said ash bed (34), which on its upper side is surrounded by an ash auger (22) open on top, at one radial distance minimum, preferably two different radial distances, relative to said ash auger (22).
  7. Process according to one of the foregoing claims 1 to 6,
    characterized in
    that said intensive intermixture of said partly burnt pyrolysis gas and flue gas is performed in said second incineration chamber (7) by means of a turbulator package (29).
  8. Device for waste treatment comprising a plurality of modules one first module (1) of which includes a first incineration chamber (6) into which the waste can be transported while being heated from a feeding station via a least one transportation auger (15, 16),
    wherein at least one end-side section of said transportation auger (15, 16) is open on top and is in open connection with the interior of said first incineration chamber (6),
    wherein an air blower (20) is connected with said first incineration chamber (6),
    wherein at the bottom of said first incineration chamber (6) ash collecting and transportation means (21) is disposed and, in spaced relationship above said transport means, air nozzles (23 - 26) for pulsatingly feeding air are provided,
    wherein a second module (2) includes a second incineration chamber (7) and is connected with said first module (1) via a passage (12), above said ash connecting and transportation means (21), formed by an outlet opening in said first module (1) and an inlet opening in said second module (2), and
    wherein said second incineration chamber (7) includes at least one turbulator package (29, 32) and has an outlet opening.
  9. Device according to claim 8,
    characterized in
    that said second module (2) comprises a plurality of volume segments (3, 4) connected with one another via passages (12, 13) for the flue gas and the partly burnt pyrolysis gas.
  10. Device according to claim 8 or 9,
    characterized in
    that the volumes of said modules (1, 2) or the volume segments (3, 4) thereof, respectively, can be varied by wall adapters (8-10).
  11. Device according to one of claims 8 to 10,
    characterized in
    that said turbulator package (29) comprises at least one package of high-temperature resistant wire.
  12. Device according to one of claims 8 to 11,
    characterized in
    that a forced-draft blower (31) for further air supply is disposed upstream in front of said turbulator package (29) in said second module (2).
  13. Device according to one of claims 8 to 12,
    characterized in
    that the discharge means is an ash auger (22) and that said air nozzles (23 - 26) are disposed in at least one row at a radial distance relative to said ash auger (22).
  14. Device according to claim 13,
    characterized in
    that said air nozzles (23 - 26) are disposed in at least two rows at two radial distances relative to said ash auger (22).
  15. Device according to one of claims 8 to 14,
    characterized in
    that said end-side section of said transportation auger (15, 16) is set on the bottom in a half-shell shaped casing of fireproof material.
  16. Device according to one of claims 8 to 15,
    characterized in
    that two transportation augers (15, 16) for the supply of humid waste and dry waste are provided at a head of said first incineration chamber (6).
  17. Device according to one of claims 8 to 16,
    characterized in
    that said transportation augers (15, 16) are cooled in the interior by forced air.
  18. Device according to one of claims 8 to 17,
    characterized in
    that water supply means (28) is connected to the interior of said first incineration chamber (6).
  19. Device according to one of claims 8 to 18,
    characterized in
    that a burner (19) for additional liquid or gaseous fuels is disposed adjacent to said transportation auger (15, 16).
EP03022047A 2002-10-02 2003-10-01 Process and device for waste treatment Expired - Lifetime EP1406044B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2002145954 DE10245954B4 (en) 2002-07-23 2002-10-02 Waste processing method and equipment
DE10245954 2002-10-02

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1406044A1 EP1406044A1 (en) 2004-04-07
EP1406044B1 true EP1406044B1 (en) 2007-07-18

Family

ID=29414339

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03022047A Expired - Lifetime EP1406044B1 (en) 2002-10-02 2003-10-01 Process and device for waste treatment

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1406044B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE367558T1 (en)
DE (1) DE50307688D1 (en)
NO (1) NO324180B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2553871C2 (en) * 2013-09-11 2015-06-20 Антон Дмитриевич Овсянко Device for pyrolysis of carbon-bearing stock
CN113845934B (en) * 2021-09-28 2024-01-23 石家庄卓度橡塑设备有限公司 Rubber softening oil processing device and method
CN114110611B (en) * 2021-11-08 2023-03-14 西安交通大学 Garbage pyrolysis gasification treatment system with heat storage and drying functions

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3027854A (en) * 1957-11-14 1962-04-03 Fred E Akerlund Apparatus and process for thermal destruction of waste materials
US5255634A (en) * 1991-04-22 1993-10-26 Manufacturing And Technology Conversion International, Inc. Pulsed atmospheric fluidized bed combustor apparatus
EP0692679A3 (en) * 1994-07-13 1997-01-02 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Method and plant layout for drying and incinerating sewage sludge
JP4154029B2 (en) * 1998-04-07 2008-09-24 株式会社東芝 Waste treatment method and waste treatment apparatus
GB2359874B (en) * 2000-02-29 2003-12-31 Andrew William Webster Gasification auger
KR100482187B1 (en) * 2001-09-20 2005-04-13 니폰 조키 세야쿠 가부시키가이샤 Method and apparatus for carbonization treatment of organic waste

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1406044A1 (en) 2004-04-07
NO20034397D0 (en) 2003-10-01
ATE367558T1 (en) 2007-08-15
NO20034397L (en) 2004-04-05
NO324180B1 (en) 2007-09-03
DE50307688D1 (en) 2007-08-30

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE69732394T2 (en) METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCTION OF OVERHEATED STEAM BY THE HEAT OF WASTE INCINERATION
EP0386274B1 (en) Process and device for drying sewage sludge
EP0253079B1 (en) Method of and plant for reclaiming contaminated soils and similar materials
DE4017806A1 (en) METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR THE CONTINUOUS DRYING OF WOODCHIPS, WOOD FIBERS OR OTHER SHEET GOODS
EP0302310A1 (en) Process and plant for the thermal disposal of waste
EP0442902B1 (en) A process and device for treating contaminated soil
EP0851194A2 (en) Dryer with exhaust gas purification by thermal afterburning
DE2643406B2 (en) Tunnel furnace with direct firing
EP0862019A1 (en) Method and device for thermal treatment of fly ash from grate incinerators
WO1986006151A1 (en) Process and installation for burning refuse materials
EP1406044B1 (en) Process and device for waste treatment
EP0360052B1 (en) Pyrolysis reactor for the thermal disposal of waste
DE10245954B4 (en) Waste processing method and equipment
EP0031558A1 (en) Refuse incineration plant
DE3513541A1 (en) Process and plant for the thermal treatment of organic sludges
EP0573756B1 (en) Method for the incineration of refuse and incinerator
EP2787280A1 (en) Device and method for the combustion of free-flowing solid fuel
DE2301983A1 (en) WASTE INCINERATOR
EP1111305A1 (en) Process for thermal processing of grate ashes from waste incinerators
EP1294829B1 (en) Method and device for gasifying large pieces of solid fuels, especially biomass
DE3735906A1 (en) METHOD FOR THERMAL DISPOSAL OF ORGANIC OR ORGANICALLY-CONTAMINATED WASTE
DE4119742A1 (en) Refuse disposal and incineration plant - burns refuse at temp. above 1000 deg C. to ensure complete combustion
DE10341207A1 (en) Kiln arrangement for staged combustion of waste materials esp. bulk solids, has lower heating section arranged between deflection rollers of conveyer over total length of belt
EP0526458B1 (en) Process and equipment for utilizing sewage sludge
DE19910530A1 (en) Continuous burner for waste comprises combustion chamber, sliding grid, two burners, sluice, feeder, air-inlets, after-burner, dust separator and heat-recovery unit

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20040205

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PT RO SE SI SK TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: AL LT LV MK

AKX Designation fees paid

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PT RO SE SI SK TR

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

GRAJ Information related to disapproval of communication of intention to grant by the applicant or resumption of examination proceedings by the epo deleted

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSDIGR1

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PT RO SE SI SK TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

RAP2 Party data changed (patent owner data changed or rights of a patent transferred)

Owner name: VON ROLL UMWELTTECHNIK AG

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 50307688

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 20070830

Kind code of ref document: P

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: NV

Representative=s name: PATENTANWAELTE SCHAAD, BALASS, MENZL & PARTNER AG

NLT2 Nl: modifications (of names), taken from the european patent patent bulletin

Owner name: VON ROLL UMWELTTECHNIK AG

Effective date: 20070829

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20070718

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20071029

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20070718

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20071018

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20071218

NLV1 Nl: lapsed or annulled due to failure to fulfill the requirements of art. 29p and 29m of the patents act
GBV Gb: ep patent (uk) treated as always having been void in accordance with gb section 77(7)/1977 [no translation filed]

Effective date: 20070718

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FD4D

EN Fr: translation not filed
BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: NORSK INOVA AS

Effective date: 20071031

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20071019

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20070718

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20070718

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20070718

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20070718

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20071031

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20070718

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20080421

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20071018

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20070718

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080314

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20071031

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20070718

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20071001

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20070718

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20070718

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20071001

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080119

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20070718

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20091021

Year of fee payment: 7

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20091026

Year of fee payment: 7

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20071031

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20101031

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20101031

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R119

Ref document number: 50307688

Country of ref document: DE

Effective date: 20110502

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110502