EP1400748B1 - Vehicle headlamp having a mirror and an associated deflection element capable of producing a beam with a non-horizontal cut-off - Google Patents

Vehicle headlamp having a mirror and an associated deflection element capable of producing a beam with a non-horizontal cut-off Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1400748B1
EP1400748B1 EP03292245A EP03292245A EP1400748B1 EP 1400748 B1 EP1400748 B1 EP 1400748B1 EP 03292245 A EP03292245 A EP 03292245A EP 03292245 A EP03292245 A EP 03292245A EP 1400748 B1 EP1400748 B1 EP 1400748B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reflector
mirror
vertical
plane
headlight apparatus
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03292245A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1400748A1 (en
Inventor
Pierre Albou
Stéphanie Figuiere
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Valeo Vision SAS
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Valeo Vision SAS
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/30—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
    • F21S41/32—Optical layout thereof
    • F21S41/33—Multi-surface reflectors, e.g. reflectors with facets or reflectors with portions of different curvature
    • F21S41/334—Multi-surface reflectors, e.g. reflectors with facets or reflectors with portions of different curvature the reflector consisting of patch like sectors
    • F21S41/336—Multi-surface reflectors, e.g. reflectors with facets or reflectors with portions of different curvature the reflector consisting of patch like sectors with discontinuity at the junction between adjacent areas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S41/28—Cover glass
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S41/25—Projection lenses

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a motor vehicle headlamp device comprising essentially a mirror and a conjugate deflection element whose design is such that it produces a light beam whose cut is not flat.
  • the object of the invention is essentially to propose an improvement in an existing projector device, this improvement consisting in the introduction of modifications of the surfaces of the mirror and / or of the deflection element so as to obtain a non-flat cut of the light beam. product.
  • the projector device initially designed as an anti-fog, can thus be used in particular as a code-type projector device.
  • the projector device according to the invention finds its application mainly in use as dipped beam, because it fully meets the standards for this type of lights. It could nevertheless be used in any other projector device mentioned that would know normative evolutions. Describing the invention in the context of low beam is therefore in no way limiting to this application alone.
  • the first family is that of so-called parabolic projectors.
  • a light beam is generated by a small light source disposed in a reflector, or mirror.
  • the projection on the road of the light rays reflected by a suitable reflector makes it possible to directly obtain a light beam obeying the various constraints imposed by the standards.
  • Such a projector device may optionally be supplemented by an ice-type exit surface, which may be provided for example with ridges for modifying the light beam, for example by spreading it in width.
  • This family of projectors includes so-called free-surface projectors, or complex surfaces, which make it possible to obtain directly a light beam having a desired cut-off or cut-line.
  • cut line is meant the boundary between a low area illuminated by the projector device and a high area that is not illuminated by the projector device.
  • This type of projectors is particularly efficient in terms of reduced depth and light distribution.
  • One of the difficulties encountered in their realization is that it is necessary for their mirror to recover a large proportion of the light signals produced by the light source, otherwise it will produce an insufficiently intense light beam.
  • the first solution is to use a very small basic focal distance, in order to obtain a very closed mirror around the light source and not bulky in width; but because of the size - important in this case - images of the light source generated by the mirror, the light beam is then too thick, and therefore difficult to control.
  • the second solution is to increase the basic focal distance, but the mirror then has significant dimensions transverse to the optical axis, the projector device is then no longer compact.
  • the second family is that of so-called elliptical projectors.
  • a spot of light concentration is generated by a light source arranged in a mirror.
  • the light source is disposed at the first focus of a mirror shaped ellipsoid of revolution, said spot forming at the second focus of the mirror.
  • the spot of light concentration is then projected onto the road by a convergent lens, for example a plano-convex lens.
  • the light concentration spot is partially obscured, for example by means of a metal cover disposed within the projector device.
  • This type of projector is particularly efficient in terms of recovery of the light signals emitted by the light source; its dimensions transverse to the optical axis are also relatively small, which is also an advantage.
  • this type of projector has a large footprint in depth, and photometry is difficult to control because no corrective element having streaks can correct the light beam from the lens.
  • EP-1225386 a projector that attempts to meet the criteria outlined above.
  • This projector in addition to a reflector and a light source, comprises a concave or convex lens in vertical or transverse section. The light passing through the lens is refracted significantly and it is therefore difficult to see the interior of the projector.
  • a particular projector device has recently been proposed, which will be referred to as a basic hybrid projector.
  • the basic hybrid projector while technically belonging to the family of parabolic projectors - it does not have a cache to create a cut - present, off, an outer appearance closer to the elliptical projectors than are the conventional parabolic floodlights.
  • the proposed basic hybrid projector device also produces a good quality light beam.
  • the principle of construction of the basic hybrid projector device is schematically represented, in an axial horizontal section, in FIG. 1. Only the construction of a lateral half of the basic hybrid projector is illustrated, while the other half can be constructed with the same teachings. , symmetrically or not.
  • O is at the geometric center of a light source 10
  • YY is the optical axis
  • XX is the horizontal axis transverse to the optical axis of the projector
  • ZZ is the vertical axis.
  • the projector device is essentially composed of a lamp housing the light source 10, a mirror 20 and a transparent optical deflection element 30, called here a lens, placed in front of the mirror 20.
  • the mirror 20 is able to cooperate with the light source 10 for generating a beam delimited by a cut line, and the deflection element 30 is able to ensure a horizontal spread of the light, without substantially changing the vertical distribution of light.
  • the light beam produced by a projector device is constituted by a superposition of all the images of the light source after reflection of the light signals that it emits on the reflecting surface of the mirror 10 and after passing through the lens 30.
  • a generator 21 of which describes a curve y f 20 (x) which will be explained later.
  • the lens 30 is disposed transversely to the axis OY and has an inner face 31, or input face, receiving the light reflected by the mirror and an outer face 32, or output face, smooth, flat and perpendicular to the OY axis.
  • the lens 30 is obtained by moving a vertical director along this curve to form its inner face, the lens thus being cylindrical.
  • the mirror 20, respectively the inner face 31 of the lens 30, is manufactured according to a desired behavior in terms of propagation of the reflected rays, respectively refracted.
  • D / 2 denotes the half-width of the mirror 20 and of the lens 30.
  • the horizontal generator of the mirror 20 is constructed to satisfy a given law, an example of which is given in FIG. 2a, giving a dimension X (x), which is therefore a function of the abscissa x.
  • the horizontal generator 21 of the mirror 20 is progressively evolving, from the dimension x1, from an elliptical pace to a parabolic pace.
  • the lens which is represented in solid lines in its theoretical form with a square outline, is made with a circular outline 33 shown in dashed lines in FIG. 6.
  • the off-axis hybrid projector device presents, because of its smooth faces and because of its circular outline, a similar appearance and shape to a lens usually used in elliptical projectors devices.
  • the contour 23 of the mirror 20 is made so as to eliminate therefrom any zone capable of reflecting the light towards the outside of the circular contour 33 of the lens.
  • the hybrid projector device as just described is therefore a compact projector in width and depth, capable of generating a beam satisfactory in terms of intensity due to the small loss of light signals within the hybrid projector device, and having an appearance similar to that of an elliptical.
  • the images of the light source created by these turned parts thus producing a group of light rays, within the light beam produced by the projector device, which give rise to a cut which is no longer flat, and which can meet the standards regulating European and / or American codes.
  • the role of the lens 30 is to spread out horizontally the light rays that arrive on its inner face after reflection on the mirror 20. Turning a portion of the mirror 20 would therefore not cause a shift on the cut line, but a diffuse task over a large part of the width of the mirror. beam due to the horizontal spread caused by the lens.
  • the invention proposes a vertical tilting of certain surface areas of the mirror and / or of the lens, so that the inclination of these zones is modified, thus causing an upward shift of some of the images, constituting the light beam, of the light source.
  • the invention therefore essentially relates to a projector device comprising in particular a light source, a mirror having a reflective surface for reflecting light signals produced by the light source and comprising a horizontal generatrix moving from an elliptical pace to a parabolic pace, and an element transparent optical deflection having an input side of the reflected light signals and an output side of the reflected light signals, the transparent deflection element being placed in front of the mirror, the mirror being adapted to cooperate with the light source to generate a beam delimited by a cut line, and the deflection element being able to ensure a horizontal spread of the light signals produced by the light source and reflected by the mirror, without modifying the vertical distribution of the light signals, said projector device being characterized in that it comprises at least one recess provided on at least one of the surfaces encountered by the light signals to obtain a non-flat cutoff line of the light beam, the detachment consisting of at least one prism disposed on the transparent optical deflection element.
  • Another object of the invention is a motor vehicle equipped with at least one projector device having at least one of the characteristics which have just been described.
  • a new mirror 80 is obtained, a possible example of which is shown in FIGS. 8a (front view of the mirror) at 8c according to different views.
  • recesses are introduced on this surface.
  • the reflecting surface of the mirror 80 is a juxtaposition of a set of adjacent vertical strips, a recess here means a tilting of one of these vertical strips.
  • a left lateral vertical band 81 which corresponds to the left end of the reflecting surface of the mirror
  • a vertical band right lateral 82 which corresponds to the right end of the reflecting surface of the mirror
  • a central vertical strip 83 which corresponds to a strip adjacent to a vertical central axis 84 of the mirror.
  • the tilting of the lateral strips 81 and 82 makes it possible to obtain, in the light beam produced by the projector according to the invention, the recovery of small images of the light source disposed at the heart of the mirror, these images being of intensity quite important. This produces a rupture of the type of rupture 70 of FIG. 7a.
  • the tilting of the central band 83 makes it possible to obtain the recovery of larger images of the light source, but of lesser intensity, thus making it possible to obtain a cutoff line of the type of the cutoff line 71.
  • central side is located just to the left or just to the right of the central vertical axis 84 depending on the side where it is desired to go up the cut line 71.
  • the inclination of the strips lateral 81 and 82 is of the order of 3 degrees relative to the sidebands adjacent thereto, the inclination of the central strip 83 being of the order of 1 degree relative to the bands adjacent thereto.
  • the left lateral band between the abscissa -40 millimeters and -35 millimeters is available, the right lateral band between the abscissa 35 millimeters and 40 millimeters is arranged, and it is available the central band between abscissa -10 mm and 0 mm.
  • the tilting of the strips is preferably carried out so that connecting surfaces between the tilted strips and their adjacent strips are exposed as little as possible to the light rays produced by the light source, so as not to introduce too many parasites into the beam. light beam produced.
  • the prisms arranged on the extreme lateral strips of the exit face of the lens are intended to trace small intense images of the light source to create the rupture 70, the prism arranged on a central strip being intended to ensure the extension of this rupture by noting larger but less intense images of the light source.
  • a new mirror 90 is obtained, a possible example of which is shown in FIGS. 9a (front view of the mirror) and 9b in different views.
  • recesses are introduced on this surface. These recesses here consist in a replacement of a particular section 91 of the reflecting surface of the mirror 90, said particular section 91 corresponding to the lateral ends of a piece of mirror surface resulting from the intersection of the reflecting surface of the mirror and the space defined between a first central horizontal plane of the mirror and a second plane, inclined relative to the first plane, by a paraboloid-type surface.
  • Sections 101 may advantageously be portions of paraboloids (possibly different to the left and to the right) of foci placed on the axis of the filament and inside the filament. Parties' homes left and right are preferably merged centrally or shifted symmetrically. In all cases, in the back view, the right part has its focus in front of the center of the filament (towards the lens), and the left part has its focus behind the center of the filament (towards the mirror).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
  • Lighting Device Outwards From Vehicle And Optical Signal (AREA)
  • Projection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The headlamp has a reflector (80) and a transparent beam deflector placed in front of the reflector. The reflector is shaped to provide a flat-topped beam. The beam deflector controls the horizontal spread of the beam, without modifying the vertical spread. A prism (81) is formed on one surface of the reflector to provide a stepped cut-off line at the top of the beam.

Description

La présente invention a pour objet un dispositif projecteur de véhicule automobile comportant essentiellement un miroir et un élément de déviation conjugués dont la conception est telle qu'il produit un faisceau lumineux dont la coupure est non plate. L'invention a essentiellement pour but de proposer une amélioration dans un dispositif projecteur existant, cette amélioration consistant en l'introduction de modifications des surfaces du miroir et/ou de l'élément de déviation de manière à obtenir une coupure non plate du faisceau lumineux produit. Le dispositif projecteur, initialement conçu comme anti-brouillard, peut ainsi être utilisé notamment comme dispositif projecteur de type code.The present invention relates to a motor vehicle headlamp device comprising essentially a mirror and a conjugate deflection element whose design is such that it produces a light beam whose cut is not flat. The object of the invention is essentially to propose an improvement in an existing projector device, this improvement consisting in the introduction of modifications of the surfaces of the mirror and / or of the deflection element so as to obtain a non-flat cut of the light beam. product. The projector device, initially designed as an anti-fog, can thus be used in particular as a code-type projector device.

Le domaine de l'invention est, d'une façon générale, celui des projecteurs de véhicule automobile. Dans ce domaine, on connaît différents types de projecteurs, parmi lesquels on trouve essentiellement :

  • des feux de position, d'intensité et de portée faible ;
  • des feux de croisement, ou codes, d'intensité plus forte et de portée sur la route avoisinant 70 mètres, qui sont utilisés essentiellement la nuit et dont la répartition du faisceau lumineux est telle qu'elle permet de ne pas éblouir le conducteur d'un véhicule croisé ;
  • des feux de route longue portée, et des feux de complément de type longue portée, dont la zone de vision sur la route avoisine 200 mètres, et qui doivent être éteints lorsque l'on croise un autre véhicule afin de ne pas éblouir son conducteur ;
  • des projecteurs perfectionnés, dits bimodes, qui cumulent les fonctions de feux de croisement et de feu de route en incorporant un cache amovible ;
  • des feux anti-brouillard.
The field of the invention is, in general, that of motor vehicle headlights. In this field, we know different types of projectors, among which we find essentially:
  • position, intensity and low range lights;
  • low beam, or codes, of greater intensity and range on the road of about 70 meters, which are used mainly at night and whose distribution of the light beam is such that it does not dazzle the driver of a crossover vehicle;
  • long-range headlamps, and long-range supplement lights, whose vision zone on the road is approximately 200 meters, and which must be extinguished when crossing another vehicle so as not to dazzle its driver;
  • advanced projectors, called dual mode, which combine the functions of low beam and high beam by incorporating a removable cover;
  • fog lights.

Le dispositif projecteur selon l'invention trouve essentiellement son application dans une utilisation en tant que feux de croisements, car il respecte parfaitement les normes pour ce type de feux. II pourrait néanmoins être utilisé dans tout autre dispositif projecteur cité qui connaîtraient des évolutions normatives. Le fait de décrire l'invention dans le cadre de feux de croisement n'est donc en rien limitatif à cette seule application.The projector device according to the invention finds its application mainly in use as dipped beam, because it fully meets the standards for this type of lights. It could nevertheless be used in any other projector device mentioned that would know normative evolutions. Describing the invention in the context of low beam is therefore in no way limiting to this application alone.

Dans le domaine des dispositifs projecteurs, il existe deux familles principales qui correspondent à deux agencements distincts d'éléments de projecteurs:In the field of projectors, there are two main families that correspond to two distinct arrangements of projector elements:

La première famille est celle des projecteurs dits paraboliques. Dans ce type de projecteurs, un faisceau lumineux est engendré par une source lumineuse de petite dimension disposée dans un réflecteur, ou miroir. La projection sur la route des rayons lumineux réfléchis par un réflecteur approprié permet d'obtenir directement un faisceau lumineux obéissant aux différentes contraintes imposées par les normes. Un tel dispositif projecteur peut éventuellement être complété par une surface de sortie de type glace, qui peut être munie par exemple de stries pour modifier le faisceau lumineux, par exemple en l'étalant en largeur. Cette famille de projecteurs inclut les projecteurs dits à surface libre, ou surface complexe, qui permettent d'obtenir directement un faisceau lumineux présentant une coupure, ou ligne de coupure, désirée. Par ligne de coupure, on désigne la limite entre une zone basse éclairée par le dispositif projecteur et une zone haute qui n'est pas éclairée par le dispositif projecteur. La réalisation précise des surfaces complexes, qui ont préalablement fait l'objet de calculs poussés, permet d'obtenir une telle coupure en sortie du dispositif projecteur parabolique.The first family is that of so-called parabolic projectors. In this type of projectors, a light beam is generated by a small light source disposed in a reflector, or mirror. The projection on the road of the light rays reflected by a suitable reflector makes it possible to directly obtain a light beam obeying the various constraints imposed by the standards. Such a projector device may optionally be supplemented by an ice-type exit surface, which may be provided for example with ridges for modifying the light beam, for example by spreading it in width. This family of projectors includes so-called free-surface projectors, or complex surfaces, which make it possible to obtain directly a light beam having a desired cut-off or cut-line. By cut line is meant the boundary between a low area illuminated by the projector device and a high area that is not illuminated by the projector device. The precise realization of complex surfaces, which have been the subject of advanced calculations, makes it possible to obtain such a cutoff output of the parabolic projector device.

Ce type de projecteurs est particulièrement performant en terme de profondeur réduit et de répartition lumineuse. Une des difficultés rencontrée lors de leur réalisation est qu'il est nécessaire que leur miroir récupère une proportion importante des signaux lumineux produits par la source de lumière, sous peine de produire un faisceau lumineux insuffisamment intense. Il faut alors trouver un compromis entre deux solutions. La première solution consiste à recourir à une distance focale de base très petite, afin d'obtenir un miroir très refermé autour de la source lumineuse et peu encombrant en largeur ; mais du fait de la taille - importante dans ce cas - des images de la source lumineuse engendrées par le miroir, le faisceau lumineux est alors trop épais, et donc difficile à maîtriser. La deuxième solution consiste à accroître la distance focale de base, mais le miroir présente alors des dimensions transversales à l'axe optique importantes, le dispositif projecteur n'étant alors plus compact.This type of projectors is particularly efficient in terms of reduced depth and light distribution. One of the difficulties encountered in their realization is that it is necessary for their mirror to recover a large proportion of the light signals produced by the light source, otherwise it will produce an insufficiently intense light beam. We must find a compromise between two solutions. The first solution is to use a very small basic focal distance, in order to obtain a very closed mirror around the light source and not bulky in width; but because of the size - important in this case - images of the light source generated by the mirror, the light beam is then too thick, and therefore difficult to control. The second solution is to increase the basic focal distance, but the mirror then has significant dimensions transverse to the optical axis, the projector device is then no longer compact.

La seconde famille est celle des projecteurs dits elliptiques. Dans ce type de projecteurs, une tache de concentration lumineuse est engendrée par une source lumineuse disposée dans un miroir. Typiquement, la source lumineuse est disposée au premier foyer d'un miroir en forme d'ellipsoïde de révolution, ladite tache se formant au second foyer du miroir. La tache de concentration lumineuse est ensuite projetée sur la route par une lentille convergente, par exemple une lentille de type plan-convexe. Afin d'obtenir une coupure dans le faisceau lumineux produit par le dispositif, on occulte partiellement la tache de concentration lumineuse, par exemple au moyen d'un cache métallique disposé au sein du dispositif projecteur.The second family is that of so-called elliptical projectors. In this type of projectors, a spot of light concentration is generated by a light source arranged in a mirror. Typically, the light source is disposed at the first focus of a mirror shaped ellipsoid of revolution, said spot forming at the second focus of the mirror. The spot of light concentration is then projected onto the road by a convergent lens, for example a plano-convex lens. In order to obtain a break in the light beam produced by the device, the light concentration spot is partially obscured, for example by means of a metal cover disposed within the projector device.

Ce type de projecteur est particulièrement performant en terme de récupération des signaux lumineux émis par la source lumineuse ; ses dimensions transversales à l'axe optique sont par ailleurs relativement réduites, ce qui constitue également un avantage. En revanche, ce type de projecteur présente un encombrement important en profondeur, et la photométrie est difficile à maîtriser, car aucun élément correcteur présentant des stries ne peut venir corriger le faisceau lumineux issu de la lentille.This type of projector is particularly efficient in terms of recovery of the light signals emitted by the light source; its dimensions transverse to the optical axis are also relatively small, which is also an advantage. However, this type of projector has a large footprint in depth, and photometry is difficult to control because no corrective element having streaks can correct the light beam from the lens.

En marge de ces deux familles de projecteur, il est récemment apparu des demandes fortes concernant des dispositifs projecteurs qui satisferaient aux critères suivants :

  • d'une part, il est parfois exigé de réaliser des dispositifs projecteurs présentant un encombrement modéré non seulement transversalement à l'axe optique, comme le sont les projecteurs elliptiques, mais aussi en profondeur, c'est à dire le long de l'axe optique, comme le sont les projecteurs paraboliques. Aucun des projecteurs appartenant aux deux familles qui viennent d'être décrites ne peuvent répondre à ce premier critère sous peine de perdre en terme de qualité d'éclairage.
  • d'autre part, il existe une exigence de la part des stylistes concernant l'aspect extérieur des différents types de projecteurs. Or les deux familles de projecteurs décrites présentent des aspects extérieurs très différents : les projecteurs paraboliques présentent une glace de largeur relativement importante, le plus souvent striée, et, lorsqu'ils sont éteints, on observe parfaitement à l'intérieur de ceux-ci le miroir et différents enjoliveurs. Pour les projecteurs elliptiques, on observe une glace lisse à travers de laquelle on distingue uniquement une face exteme convexe de lentille, éventuellement entourée d'un enjoliveur approprié. La juxtaposition d'un projecteur elliptique et d'un projecteur parabolique peut contrarier certains stylistes du fait des différences flagrantes d'aspect entre ces deux types de projecteurs.
In addition to these two projector families, there have recently been strong demands for spotlighting devices that would meet the following criteria:
  • on the one hand, it is sometimes required to provide projectors devices having a moderate footprint not only transversely to the optical axis, as are the elliptical projectors, but also in depth, ie along the axis optical, as are the parabolic spotlights. None of the projectors belonging to the two families that have just been described can not meet this first criterion or risk losing in terms of quality of lighting.
  • on the other hand, there is a requirement on the part of stylists regarding the appearance of different types of projectors. However, the two families of projectors described have very different external aspects: the parabolic spotlights have an ice of relatively large width, most often streaked, and when they are extinguished, the inside of them is perfectly observed. mirror and different hubcaps. For elliptical floodlights, a smooth ice is observed through which only a convex outer face of the lens can be distinguished, possibly surrounded by a suitable hubcap. The juxtaposition of a Elliptical projector and a parabolic projector may upset some stylists because of the blatant differences in appearance between these two types of projectors.

Il est connu par EP-1225386 un projecteur qui tente de répondre aux critères exposés ci-dessus. Ce projecteur, outre un réflecteur et une source lumineuse, comporte une lentille concave ou convexe en coupe verticale ou transversale. La lumière traversant la lentille est réfractée de manière importante et il est donc difficile de voir l'intérieur du projecteur.It is known from EP-1225386 a projector that attempts to meet the criteria outlined above. This projector, in addition to a reflector and a light source, comprises a concave or convex lens in vertical or transverse section. The light passing through the lens is refracted significantly and it is therefore difficult to see the interior of the projector.

Afin de répondre aux demandes ci-dessus, on a récemment proposé un dispositif projecteur particulier, qui sera désigné comme projecteur hybride basique. Le projecteur hybride basique, tout en appartenant techniquement à la famille des projecteurs paraboliques - il ne dispose pas de cache pour créer une coupure - présente, éteint, un aspect extérieur plus proche des projecteurs elliptiques que ne le sont les projecteurs paraboliques classiques. Le dispositif projecteur hybride basique proposé produit par ailleurs un faisceau lumineux de bonne qualité.In order to meet the above demands, a particular projector device has recently been proposed, which will be referred to as a basic hybrid projector. The basic hybrid projector, while technically belonging to the family of parabolic projectors - it does not have a cache to create a cut - present, off, an outer appearance closer to the elliptical projectors than are the conventional parabolic floodlights. The proposed basic hybrid projector device also produces a good quality light beam.

Le principe de construction du dispositif projecteur hybride basique est schématiquement représenté, dans une coupe horizontale axiale, à la figure 1. On illustre uniquement la construction d'une moitié latérale du projecteur hybride basique, l'autre moitié pouvant être construite avec les mêmes enseignements, de façon symétrique ou non. Dans ce qui suit, on se réfère à un référentiel orthonormé où O se trouve au centre géométrique d'une source lumineuse 10, Y-Y est l'axe optique, X-X est l'axe horizontal transversal à l'axe optique du projecteur, et Z-Z est l'axe vertical.The principle of construction of the basic hybrid projector device is schematically represented, in an axial horizontal section, in FIG. 1. Only the construction of a lateral half of the basic hybrid projector is illustrated, while the other half can be constructed with the same teachings. , symmetrically or not. In what follows, reference is made to an orthonormal frame where O is at the geometric center of a light source 10, YY is the optical axis, XX is the horizontal axis transverse to the optical axis of the projector, and ZZ is the vertical axis.

Le dispositif projecteur est essentiellement composé d'une lampe abritant la source lumineuse 10, d'un miroir 20 et d'un élément transparent de déviation optique 30, appelé ici lentille, placé devant le miroir 20. Le miroir 20 est apte à coopérer avec la source lumineuse 10 pour engendrer un faisceau délimité par une ligne de coupure, et l'élément de déviation 30 est apte à assurer un étalement horizontal de la lumière, sans modifier sensiblement la répartition verticale de la lumière. D'une façon générale, le faisceau lumineux produit par un dispositif projecteur est constitué par une superposition de l'ensemble des images de la source lumineuse après réflexion des signaux lumineux qu'elle émet sur la surface réfléchissante du miroir 10 et après passage par la lentille 30.The projector device is essentially composed of a lamp housing the light source 10, a mirror 20 and a transparent optical deflection element 30, called here a lens, placed in front of the mirror 20. The mirror 20 is able to cooperate with the light source 10 for generating a beam delimited by a cut line, and the deflection element 30 is able to ensure a horizontal spread of the light, without substantially changing the vertical distribution of light. In general, the light beam produced by a projector device is constituted by a superposition of all the images of the light source after reflection of the light signals that it emits on the reflecting surface of the mirror 10 and after passing through the lens 30.

La source lumineuse 10 est disposée axialement selon l'axe optique Y-Y du miroir 20, dont une génératrice 21 décrit une courbe y=f20(x) qui sera explicitée par la suite. Il existe dans l'état de la technique de nombreuses publications décrivant de tels miroirs. On peut par exemple citer le document DE-A-42 00 989 qui décrit en détail une méthode générique pour produire mathématiquement de telles surfaces à partir d'une génératrice horizontale quelconque. La lentille 30 est disposée transversalement à l'axe OY et possède une face intérieure 31, ou face d'entrée, recevant la lumière réfléchie par le miroir et une face extérieure 32, ou face de sortie, lisse, plane et perpendiculaire à l'axe OY. La face intérieure 31 de la lentille 30 présente une section horizontale décrivant une courbe continue et de préférence dérivable y=f30(x) qui sera explicitée par la suite. La lentille 30 est obtenue par déplacement d'une directrice verticale le long de cette courbe pour former sa face intérieure, la lentille étant ainsi cylindrique. Le miroir 20, respectivement la face intérieure 31 de la lentille 30, est fabriqué en fonction d'un comportement souhaité en terme de propagation des rayons réfléchis, respectivement réfractés.The light source 10 is disposed axially along the optical axis YY of the mirror 20, a generator 21 of which describes a curve y = f 20 (x) which will be explained later. There are in the state of the art many publications describing such mirrors. For example, DE-A-42 00 989, which describes in detail a generic method for producing mathematically such surfaces from any horizontal generatrix. The lens 30 is disposed transversely to the axis OY and has an inner face 31, or input face, receiving the light reflected by the mirror and an outer face 32, or output face, smooth, flat and perpendicular to the OY axis. The inner face 31 of the lens 30 has a horizontal section describing a continuous curve and preferably differentiable y = f 30 (x) which will be explained later. The lens 30 is obtained by moving a vertical director along this curve to form its inner face, the lens thus being cylindrical. The mirror 20, respectively the inner face 31 of the lens 30, is manufactured according to a desired behavior in terms of propagation of the reflected rays, respectively refracted.

Un procédé de fabrication d'un tel dispositif projecteur hybride basique peut être conçu selon un procédé, illustré notamment aux figures 1, 2a et 2b, comportant les différentes étapes suivantes consistant à :

  • établir une première loi exprimant une seconde distance latérale X, par rapport à l'axe optique Y-Y du projecteur, d'un lieu d'impact d'un rayon réfléchi sur une droite de référence d'équation y=y1 située au voisinage de l'élément de déviation 30, en fonction d'une première distance latérale x, par rapport à ce même axe optique Y-Y, du lieu de réflexion dudit rayon réfléchi sur une génératrice horizontale du miroir; un exemple de cette première loi est donnée à la figure 2a ;
  • à partir de cette première loi, déterminer la génératrice horizontale 21 du miroir ;
  • à partir de ladite génératrice horizontale, et en fonction d'une coupure verticale recherchée pour le faisceau, construire mathématiquement une surface réfléchissante du miroir ;
  • à partir de la construction mathématique de la surface réfléchissante, usiner une empreinte pour la fabrication du miroir avec ladite surface réfléchissante ;
  • fabriquer le miroir 20 en utilisant ladite empreinte ;
  • établir une deuxième loi exprimant une déviation angulaire horizontale θ, par rapport à l'axe optique du projecteur, du rayon réfléchi par le miroir, en fonction de ladite première distance latérale x ; un exemple de cette deuxième loi est donnée à la figure 2b ;
  • à partir de cette deuxième loi, déterminer une section horizontale de l'élément de déviation 30 ;
  • à partir de cette section horizontale, construire mathématiquement la surface d'entrée 31 et la surface de sortie 32 de lumière de l'élément de déviation ;
  • à partir de la construction mathématique des surfaces d'entrée et de sortie, usiner un moule pour la fabrication de l'élément de déviation avec lesdites faces d'entrée et de sortie, et
  • fabriquer l'élément de déviation 30 en utilisant ledit moule.
A method of manufacturing such a basic hybrid projector device may be designed according to a method, illustrated in particular in Figures 1, 2a and 2b, comprising the following different steps consisting of:
  • establishing a first law expressing a second lateral distance X, with respect to the optical axis YY of the headlamp, of a location of impact of a ray reflected on a reference line of equation y = y1 situated in the vicinity of the deflection element 30, as a function of a first lateral distance x, with respect to this same optical axis YY, of the point of reflection of said ray reflected on a horizontal generatrix of the mirror; an example of this first law is given in Figure 2a;
  • from this first law, determine the horizontal generatrix 21 of the mirror;
  • from said horizontal generator, and as a function of a desired vertical cutoff for the beam, mathematically construct a reflective surface of the mirror;
  • from the mathematical construction of the reflecting surface, machining an impression for the manufacture of the mirror with said reflective surface;
  • manufacturing the mirror 20 using said imprint;
  • establishing a second law expressing a horizontal angular deflection θ, with respect to the optical axis of the projector, of the ray reflected by the mirror, as a function of said first lateral distance x; an example of this second law is given in Figure 2b;
  • from this second law, determining a horizontal section of the deflection element 30;
  • from this horizontal section, mathematically construct the input surface 31 and the light output surface 32 of the deflection element;
  • from the mathematical construction of the input and output surfaces, machining a mold for manufacturing the deflection element with said input and output faces, and
  • manufacturing the deflection member 30 using said mold.

Dans la suite de la description, et notamment en référence aux figures 2a et 2b, on note D/2 la demi-largeur du miroir 20 et de la lentille 30.In the remainder of the description, and in particular with reference to FIGS. 2a and 2b, D / 2 denotes the half-width of the mirror 20 and of the lens 30.

La génératrice horizontale du miroir 20 est construite de manière à satisfaire une loi donnée, dont un exemple est donné à la figure 2a, donnant une cote X(x), qui est donc fonction de l'abscisse x. La cote X(x) correspond à un point d'impact, sur une droite théorique d'équation y=y1 dans le plan de la figure 1, d'un rayon lumineux réfléchi au point de cote x de la génératrice horizontale du miroir 20.The horizontal generator of the mirror 20 is constructed to satisfy a given law, an example of which is given in FIG. 2a, giving a dimension X (x), which is therefore a function of the abscissa x. The dimension X (x) corresponds to an impact point, on a theoretical line of equation y = y1 in the plane of FIG. 1, of a light beam reflected at the dimension point x of the horizontal generatrix of the mirror 20 .

Une telle loi permet de modéliser différentes formes de génératrices horizontales. La loi qui est choisie permet de régler la quantité de flux lumineux récupéré par le miroir, en déterminant la façon dont le miroir entoure la source lumineuse. Sur la figure 2a, la génératrice horizontale présente une forme elliptique (X(x)=0) de la cote 0 à la cote x=x1. Ensuite, entre cette cote x1 et la cote maximale x=D/2, le point d'impact du rayon réfléchi évolue progressivement entre X(x)=0 et X(x)=D/2, cette dernière cote correspondant à la cote latérale extrême de la lentille 30. En choisissant que X(x) n'excède pas D/2, on s'assure que la majeure partie, voire la totalité, du rayonnement réfléchi par le miroir 20 atteint bien la face d'entrée de la lentille 30. La génératrice horizontale 21 du miroir 20 évolue donc progressivement, à partir de la cote x1, d'une allure elliptique vers une allure parabolique.Such a law makes it possible to model different forms of horizontal generators. The law that is chosen makes it possible to adjust the amount of luminous flux recovered by the mirror, by determining the way in which the mirror surrounds the light source. In Figure 2a, the horizontal generator has an elliptical shape (X (x) = 0) from dimension 0 to the dimension x = x1. Then, between this dimension x1 and the maximum dimension x = D / 2, the point of impact of the reflected ray evolves progressively between X (x) = 0 and X (x) = D / 2, this last dimension corresponding to the dimension extreme side of the lens 30. By choosing that X (x) does not exceed D / 2, it is ensured that most or all of the radiation reflected by the mirror 20 reaches the input face of the lens. the lens 30. The horizontal generator 21 of the mirror 20 is progressively evolving, from the dimension x1, from an elliptical pace to a parabolic pace.

La figure 2b montre un exemple de loi définissant la forme de la section horizontale intérieure de la lentille, définie par la courbe y=f30(x). Cette loi permet d'établir une déviation horizontale finale θ(x), qui dépend donc de la cote x, impartie à un rayon réfléchi par la génératrice 21 du miroir. Dans l'exemple donné, où, par convention, les déviations vers la gauche sont affectées d'un signe négatif, on observe les différents comportements suivants :

  • entre les cotes 0 et x2, la déviation passe progressivement de 0 à un angle limite -θL ;
  • entre !es cotes x2 et x3, la déviation passe progressivement de la valeur maximale -θL à 0 ;
  • entre les cotes x3 et D/2, la déviation est nulle;
Figure 2b shows an example of law defining the shape of the inner horizontal section of the lens defined by the curve y = f 30 (x). This law makes it possible to establish a final horizontal deflection θ (x), which thus depends on the dimension x, imparted to a ray reflected by the generatrix 21 of the mirror. In the given example, where, by convention, deviations to the left are affected by a negative sign, we observe the following different behaviors:
  • between the dimensions 0 and x2, the deviation progressively goes from 0 to a limit angle -θ L ;
  • between x2 and x3, the deviation gradually changes from the maximum value -θ L to 0;
  • between the x3 and D / 2, the deviation is nil;

Les courbes y=f20(x) et y=f30(x) qui définissent respectivement la génératrice horizontale du miroir et de la face d'entrée de la lentille, et donc l'ensemble de leur forme tridimensionnelle suivant les enseignements des documents précédemment cités, peuvent être aisément définies en fonction des lois décrites par un système d'équations différentielles à la portée de l'homme du métier. La combinaison des lois illustrées aux figures 2a et 2b permet donc de concevoir un miroir et une lentille en ajustant d'une part la déviation horizontale du rayonnement impartie par le miroir, et donc la récupération par ce même miroir du flux lumineux émis par la source lumineuse 10, et d'autre part la déviation horizontale du rayonnement impartie par la lentille 30.The curves y = f 20 (x) and y = f 30 (x) which respectively define the horizontal generatrix of the mirror and of the input face of the lens, and therefore their entire three-dimensional shape according to the teachings of the documents previously cited, can be easily defined according to the laws described by a system of differential equations within the reach of the skilled person. The combination of the laws illustrated in FIGS. 2a and 2b thus makes it possible to design a mirror and a lens by adjusting on the one hand the horizontal deflection of the radiation imparted by the mirror, and thus the recovery by the same mirror of the luminous flux emitted by the source. 10, and secondly the horizontal deflection of the radiation imparted by the lens 30.

En prenant les valeurs suivantes, exprimées en millimètres : D=90, y1=130, x1=x3=30, x2=10, et θL=35°, on obtient un miroir et une lentille dont l'allure est donnée aux figures 3 à 6.Taking the following values, expressed in millimeters: D = 90, y1 = 130, x1 = x3 = 30, x2 = 10, and θ L = 35 °, we obtain a mirror and a lens whose appearance is given in the figures 3 to 6.

Sur ces figures, la lentille, qui est représentée en traits pleins sous sa forme théorique avec un contour carré, est réalisée avec un contour circulaire 33 représentés en pointillés sur la figure 6. Ainsi, le dispositif projecteur hybride éteint présente, du fait de ses faces lisses et du fait de son contour circulaire, un aspect et une forme similaires à une lentille habituellement utilisée dans les dispositifs projecteurs du type elliptiques. On observe également que le contour 23 du miroir 20 est réalisé de manière à éliminer de celui-ci toute zone susceptible de réfléchir la lumière vers l'extérieur du contour circulaire 33 de la lentille.In these figures, the lens, which is represented in solid lines in its theoretical form with a square outline, is made with a circular outline 33 shown in dashed lines in FIG. 6. Thus, the off-axis hybrid projector device presents, because of its smooth faces and because of its circular outline, a similar appearance and shape to a lens usually used in elliptical projectors devices. It is also observed that the contour 23 of the mirror 20 is made so as to eliminate therefrom any zone capable of reflecting the light towards the outside of the circular contour 33 of the lens.

Le dispositif projecteur hybride tel qu'il vient d'être décrit constitue donc un projecteur compact en largeur et en profondeur, capable d'engendrer un faisceau satisfaisant en terme d'intensité du fait de la faible perte de signaux lumineux à l'intérieur du dispositif projecteur hybride, et présentant un aspect voisin de celui d'un elliptique.The hybrid projector device as just described is therefore a compact projector in width and depth, capable of generating a beam satisfactory in terms of intensity due to the small loss of light signals within the hybrid projector device, and having an appearance similar to that of an elliptical.

Plusieurs variantes proches de la structure décrite sont également considérés comme des projecteurs hybrides basiques:

  • le miroir 20 et la lentille 30 peuvent avoir des largeurs différentes, la largeur du miroir pouvant être égale ou inférieure à celle de la lentille ;
  • la lentille peut être conçue non pas avec une face extérieure lisse et plane et avec une face intérieure conçue comme décrit précédemment, mais avec une face intérieure lisse et plane et une face extérieure conçue comme décrit précédemment, ou encore avec une face intérieure et une face extérieure toutes deux travaillées.
Several variants close to the described structure are also considered as basic hybrid projectors:
  • the mirror 20 and the lens 30 may have different widths, the width of the mirror may be equal to or less than that of the lens;
  • the lens can be designed not with a smooth and flat outer face and with an inner face designed as described above, but with a flat smooth inner face and an outer face designed as previously described, or with an inner face and a face both worked.

Une des caractéristiques des projecteurs hybrides basiques qui viennent d'être décrits est qu'ils engendrent une ligne de coupure plate et le plus souvent horizontale. Si une telle ligne de coupure est satisfaisante pour la réalisation de certains types de dispositifs projecteurs, comme les feux anti-brouillards, elle ne satisfait en revanche pas certaines normes qui imposent une ligne de coupure non plate pour certains autres dispositifs. C'est notamment le cas des dispositifs projecteurs de type feux de croisement, pour lesquels on doit soit trouver une rupture 70, sur une ligne de coupure 71 représentée schématiquement à la figure 7a, au niveau de l'axe optique de telle sorte que le faisceau éclaire plus haut d'un côté de la route que de l'autre, comme c'est le cas pour les codes américains, soit observer une ligne de coupure inclinée 72, représentée schématiquement à la figure 7b, qui présente au niveau de l'axe optique un angle 73 de l'ordre de 15 degrés par rapport à l'horizontale, mais uniquement d'un côté de la route, comme c'est typiquement le cas pour les codes européens.One of the characteristics of the basic hybrid projectors that have just been described is that they generate a flat cut line and usually horizontal. While such a cut-off line is satisfactory for the realization of certain types of projectors, such as fog lamps, it does not meet certain standards which impose a non-flat cut-off line for certain other devices. This is particularly the case for headlights devices of the dipped beam type, for which we must either find a break 70, on a cutoff line 71 shown schematically in FIG. 7a, at the level of the optical axis so that the beam illuminates higher on one side of the road than on the other, as is the case for American codes, or observe an inclined cutoff line 72, shown schematically in Figure 7b, which has at the level of the optical axis an angle 73 of the order of 15 degrees relative to the horizontal, but only on one side of the road, as is typically the case for European codes.

Traditionnellement, lorsque l'on cherche à créer une ligne de coupure non plate dans un faisceau lumineux qui est réfléchi par un miroir, on procède par rotation de certaines parties de la surface du miroir. En effet, lors de l'élaboration d'un miroir présentant une surface complexe, destinée à réfléchir des signaux lumineux produits par une source lumineuse, de façon à créer un faisceau lumineux dont l'homogénéité répond aux exigences des différentes normes tout en faisant apparaître une ligne de coupure du faisceau lumineux, on calcule la forme et la position de stries à disposer sur le miroir pour obtenir l'homogénéité souhaitée. Mais ces calculs aboutissant toujours à créer des coupures plates, on est alors amené à procéder à la rotation de certaines parties de la surface réfléchissante du miroir. notamment de certaines stries, les images de la source lumineuse créées par ces parties tournées produisant ainsi un groupe de rayons lumineux, au sein du faisceau lumineux produit par le dispositif projecteur, qui donnent naissance à une coupure qui n'est plus plate, et qui peut répondre aux normes réglementant les codes européens et/ou américains.Traditionally, when one seeks to create a non-flat cut line in a light beam that is reflected by a mirror, it rotates parts of the surface of the mirror. Indeed, during the development of a mirror having a complex surface, for reflecting light signals produced by a light source, so as to create a light beam whose homogeneity meets the requirements of different standards while showing a cut line of the light beam, the shape and the position of streaks to be arranged on the mirror are calculated to obtain the desired homogeneity. But these calculations always resulting in creating flat cuts, it is then necessary to rotate some parts of the reflecting surface of the mirror. in particular of certain streaks, the images of the light source created by these turned parts thus producing a group of light rays, within the light beam produced by the projector device, which give rise to a cut which is no longer flat, and which can meet the standards regulating European and / or American codes.

Il n'est pas possible de procéder ainsi avec les projecteurs hybrides basiques qui ont été décrits, du fait de la présence de la lentille 30. En effet, comme on l'a vu précédemment, le rôle de la lentille 30 est d'étaler horizontalement les rayons lumineux qui arrivent sur sa face intérieure après réflexion sur le miroir 20. Le fait de tourner une partie du miroir 20 provoquerait donc non pas un décalage sur la ligne de coupure, mais une tâche diffuse sur une grande partie de la largeur du faisceau du fait de l'étalement horizontal provoqué par la lentille.It is not possible to do this with the basic hybrid projectors that have been described, because of the presence of the lens 30. Indeed, as has been seen previously, the role of the lens 30 is to spread out horizontally the light rays that arrive on its inner face after reflection on the mirror 20. Turning a portion of the mirror 20 would therefore not cause a shift on the cut line, but a diffuse task over a large part of the width of the mirror. beam due to the horizontal spread caused by the lens.

Le problème pour créer une coupure non plate en sortie d'un dispositif projecteur de type hybride ne peut donc pas être résolu avec les techniques utilisées pour les dispositifs projecteurs paraboliques.The problem of creating a non-flat cutoff output from a hybrid-type projector device can not therefore be solved with the techniques used for parabolic spotlighting devices.

C'est un objet de l'invention de répondre à ce problème. D'une façon générale, on propose dans l'invention on propose un dispositif projecteur hybride perfectionné, par opposition aux projecteurs hybrides basiques qui viennent d'être décrits, c'est à dire compact en largeur et en profondeur, capable d'engendrer un faisceau lumineux satisfaisant, et présentant un aspect voisin de celui d'un elliptique, ce projecteur de type hybride perfectionné ayant subi quelques modifications pour obtenir une ligne de coupure non plate du faisceau lumineux.It is an object of the invention to respond to this problem. In general, it is proposed in the invention to propose an improved hybrid projector device, as opposed to the basic hybrid projectors which have just been described, that is to say compact in width and depth, capable of generating a light beam satisfactory, and having a similar appearance to that of an elliptical, this improved hybrid type projector having undergone some modifications to obtain a non-flat cutoff line of the light beam.

A cet effet, dans l'invention, on propose un basculement vertical de certaines zones de surface du miroir et/ou de la lentille, de façon à ce que l'inclinaison de ces zones soient modifiées, entraînant ainsi un décalage vers le haut de certaines des images, constituant le faisceau lumineux, de la source lumineuse.For this purpose, in the invention, it proposes a vertical tilting of certain surface areas of the mirror and / or of the lens, so that the inclination of these zones is modified, thus causing an upward shift of some of the images, constituting the light beam, of the light source.

L'invention concerne donc essentiellement un dispositif projecteur comprenant notamment une source lumineuse, un miroir présentant une surface réfléchissante pour réfléchir des signaux lumineux produits par la source lumineuse et comportant une génératrice horizontale évoluant d'une allure elliptique vers une allure parabolique, et un élément transparent de déviation optique présentant une face d'entrée des signaux lumineux réfléchis et une face de sortie des signaux lumineux réfléchis, l'élément transparent de déviation étant placé devant le miroir, le miroir étant apte à coopérer avec la source lumineuse pour engendrer un faisceau délimité par une ligne de coupure, et l'élément de déviation étant apte à assurer un étalement horizontal des signaux lumineux produits par la source lumineuse et réfléchis par le miroir, sans modifier la répartition verticale des signaux lumineux, ledit dispositif projecteur étant caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte au moins un décrochement ménagé sur au moins une des surfaces rencontrées par les signaux lumineux pour obtenir une ligne de coupure non plate du faisceau lumineux, le décrochement consistant en au moins un prisme disposé sur l'élément transparent de déviation optique.The invention therefore essentially relates to a projector device comprising in particular a light source, a mirror having a reflective surface for reflecting light signals produced by the light source and comprising a horizontal generatrix moving from an elliptical pace to a parabolic pace, and an element transparent optical deflection having an input side of the reflected light signals and an output side of the reflected light signals, the transparent deflection element being placed in front of the mirror, the mirror being adapted to cooperate with the light source to generate a beam delimited by a cut line, and the deflection element being able to ensure a horizontal spread of the light signals produced by the light source and reflected by the mirror, without modifying the vertical distribution of the light signals, said projector device being characterized in that it comprises at least one recess provided on at least one of the surfaces encountered by the light signals to obtain a non-flat cutoff line of the light beam, the detachment consisting of at least one prism disposed on the transparent optical deflection element.

Le procédé selon l'invention peut en outre présenter une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes :

  • parmi les prismes disposés sur l'élément optique de déviation, on trouve au moins un prisme latéral disposé sur une bande verticale latérale de l'élément optique de déviation ;
  • parmi les prismes disposés sur l'élément optique de déviation, on trouve un prisme central disposé sur une bande verticale centrale, un des bords de cette bande verticale centrale étant confondu avec un axe central vertical de l'élément optique de déviation ;
  • une base de chaque prisme est disposée vers le haut de chaque bande verticale sur laquelle il est disposé, un sommet de chaque prisme étant disposé vers le bas de chaque bande verticale sur laquelle il est disposé ;
  • chaque prisme est disposé sur la face d'entrée des signaux lumineux réfléchis de l'élément optique de déviation ;
  • au moins un décrochement consiste en un basculement d'une bande verticale constituant la surface réfléchissante du miroir par rapport à une bande verticale adjacente du miroir ;
  • parmi les basculements effectués sur la surface du miroir, on trouve au moins un basculement latéral d'une bande verticale latérale du miroir ;
  • parmi les basculements effectués sur la surface du miroir, on trouve un basculement central disposé sur une bande verticale centrale du miroir, un des bords de cette bande verticale centrale étant confondu avec un axe central vertical du miroir ;
  • chaque basculement d'une bande verticale du miroir est effectuée de telle sorte que des surfaces de raccord, apparaissant entre les bandes verticales basculées et les bandes verticales adjacentes, soient exposées au minimum aux signaux lumineux produits par la source de lumière ;
  • au moins un décrochement consiste en un remplacement d'une section particulière de la surface réfléchissante du miroir, ladite section particulière correspondant aux extrémités latérales d'un morceau de surface du miroir résultant de l'intersection de la surface réfléchissante du miroir et de l'espace défini entre un premier plan horizontal central du miroir et un deuxième plan, incliné par rapport au premier plan, par une surface de type paraboloïde ;
  • au moins un décrochement consiste en un remplacement d'une section particulière la face d'entrée des signaux lumineux réfléchis de l'élément transparent de déviation optique, ladite section particulière correspondant aux extrémités latérales d'un morceau de surface de ladite face d'entrée résultant de l'intersection de ladite face d'entrée et de l'espace défini entre un premier plan horizontal central du miroir et un deuxième plan, incliné par rapport au premier plan, par une surface plane ;
  • l'inclinaison entre le premier plan et le deuxième plan est de l'ordre de 15 degrés.
The method according to the invention may furthermore have one or more of the following characteristics:
  • among the prisms disposed on the optical deflection element, there is at least one lateral prism disposed on a lateral vertical band of the deflection optical element;
  • among the prisms arranged on the optical deflection element, there is a central prism arranged on a central vertical strip, one of the edges of this central vertical strip coinciding with a vertical central axis of the optical deflection element;
  • a base of each prism is disposed upwardly from each vertical strip on which it is disposed, a vertex of each prism being disposed downward from each vertical strip on which it is disposed;
  • each prism is disposed on the input face of the reflected light signals of the optical deflection element;
  • at least one recess consists of a tilting of a vertical band constituting the reflecting surface of the mirror relative to an adjacent vertical band of the mirror;
  • among the tilts made on the surface of the mirror, there is at least one lateral tilting of a lateral vertical band of the mirror;
  • among the tilts made on the surface of the mirror, there is a central tilt disposed on a central vertical strip of the mirror, one of the edges of this central vertical strip coinciding with a vertical central axis of the mirror;
  • each tilting of a vertical band of the mirror is performed such that connecting surfaces appearing between the tilted vertical strips and the adjacent vertical strips are at least exposed to the light signals produced by the light source;
  • at least one recess consists of a replacement of a particular section of the reflecting surface of the mirror, said particular section corresponding to the lateral ends of a surface piece of the mirror resulting from the intersection of the reflecting surface of the mirror and the mirror defined space between a first central horizontal plane of the mirror and a second plane, inclined relative to the first plane, by a paraboloid-type surface;
  • at least one recess consists of a replacement of a particular section of the input face of the reflected light signals of the transparent optical deflection element, said particular section corresponding to the lateral ends of a surface piece of said input face resulting from the intersection of said entrance face and the space defined between a first central horizontal plane of the mirror and a second plane, inclined relative to the first plane, by a flat surface;
  • the inclination between the first plane and the second plane is of the order of 15 degrees.

Un autre objet de l'invention est un véhicule automobile équipé d'au moins un dispositif projecteur présentant l'une au moins des caractéristiques qui viennent d'être décrites.Another object of the invention is a motor vehicle equipped with at least one projector device having at least one of the characteristics which have just been described.

L'invention et ses différentes applications seront mieux comprises à la lecture de la description qui suit et à l'examen des figures qui l'accompagnent. Celles-ci ne sont présentées qu'à titre indicatif et nullement limitatif de l'invention.

  • à la figure 1, déjà décrite, illustre schématiquement par une coupe horizontale axiale le principe de construction d'un projecteur hybride basique;
  • aux figures 2a et 2b, également déjà décrites, illustrent respectivement deux courbes de comportement montrant un exemple particulier de conception d'un miroir et d'un élément optique de déviation utilisés dans un projecteur hybride basique;
  • à la figure 3, également déjà décrite, une vue schématique en coupe horizontale axiale d'un exemple de projecteur hybride basique construit selon ce principe ;
  • à la figure 4, également déjà décrite, une vue schématique en coupe verticale axiale de l'exemple de projecteur de la figure 3 ;
  • à la figure 5, également déjà décrite, une vue de face de l'élément optique de l'exemple de projecteur des figures 3 et 4;
  • à la figure 6, également déjà décrite, une vue en perspective avec lignes de trace du miroir et de la lentille du projecteur des figures 3 à 5 ;
  • aux figures 7a et 7b, des exemples de représentation schématique de lignes de coupure que l'on cherche à obtenir avec le dispositif projecteur selon l'invention ;
  • aux figures 8a à 8c, différentes vues d'un exemple de réalisation de la surface du miroir intervenant dans le dispositif projecteur selon l'invention ;
  • aux figures 9a et 9b, différentes vues d'un autre exemple de réalisation de la surface du miroir intervenant dans le dispositif projecteur selon l'invention ;
  • aux figures 10a et 10b, différentes vues d'un exemple de réalisation de la surface de la lentille intervenant dans le dispositif projecteur selon l'invention.
The invention and its various applications will be better understood by reading the following description and examining the figures that accompany it. These are presented only as an indication and in no way limitative of the invention.
  • in Figure 1, already described, schematically illustrates by axial axial section the principle of construction of a basic hybrid projector;
  • FIGS. 2a and 2b, also already described, respectively illustrate two behavior curves showing a particular example of design of a mirror and an optical deflection element used in a basic hybrid projector;
  • in FIG. 3, also already described, a schematic view in axial axial section of an example of a basic hybrid projector constructed according to this principle;
  • in Figure 4, also already described, a schematic axial sectional view of the exemplary projector of Figure 3;
  • in FIG. 5, also already described, a front view of the optical element of the exemplary projector of FIGS. 3 and 4;
  • in Figure 6, also already described, a perspective view with trace lines of the mirror and the projector lens of Figures 3 to 5;
  • in FIGS. 7a and 7b, examples of schematic representation of cut-off lines that are sought to be obtained with the projector device according to the invention;
  • FIGS. 8a to 8c, different views of an exemplary embodiment of the mirror surface involved in the projector device according to the invention;
  • in Figures 9a and 9b, different views of another embodiment of the mirror surface involved in the projector device according to the invention;
  • FIGS. 10a and 10b, various views of an exemplary embodiment of the surface of the lens involved in the projector device according to the invention.

Sur les différentes figures, les éléments qui sont communs à plusieurs figures auront conservé les mêmes références.In the different figures, the elements that are common to several figures will have retained the same references.

Selon l'invention, pour obtenir une coupure non plate du type de celle représentée à la figure 7a, on propose plusieurs exemples de réalisation : dans tous ces exemples, on a légèrement modifié la surface réfléchissante du miroir 20 des projecteurs hybrides basiques et/ou la face d'entrée 31 de la lentille 30 de ces mêmes projecteurs.According to the invention, in order to obtain a non-flat cut of the type of that represented in FIG. 7a, several exemplary embodiments are proposed: in all these examples, the reflecting surface of the mirror 20 of the basic hybrid projectors and / or the input face 31 of the lens 30 of these same projectors.

On obtient ainsi par exemple un nouveau miroir 80, dont un exemple possible de réalisation est montré aux figures 8a (vue de face du miroir) à 8c selon différentes vues. Dans le cadre de telles modifications de la surface réfléchissante du miroir, des décrochements sont introduits sur cette surface. En considérant que la surface réfléchissante du miroir 80 est une juxtaposition d'un ensemble de bandes verticales adjacentes, un décrochement désigne ici un basculement d'une de ces bandes verticales. Dans le cadre de l'invention, on peut procéder au basculement d'une bande verticale latérale gauche 81, qui correspond à l'extrémité gauche de la surface réfléchissante du miroir, et/ou au basculement d'une bande verticale latérale droite 82, qui correspond à l'extrémité droite de la surface réfléchissante du miroir, et/ou au basculement d'une bande verticale centrale 83, qui correspond à une bande adjacente à un axe central vertical 84 du miroir.Thus, for example, a new mirror 80 is obtained, a possible example of which is shown in FIGS. 8a (front view of the mirror) at 8c according to different views. In the context of such modifications of the reflecting surface of the mirror, recesses are introduced on this surface. Considering that the reflecting surface of the mirror 80 is a juxtaposition of a set of adjacent vertical strips, a recess here means a tilting of one of these vertical strips. In the context of the invention, it is possible to tilt a left lateral vertical band 81, which corresponds to the left end of the reflecting surface of the mirror, and / or the tilting of a vertical band right lateral 82, which corresponds to the right end of the reflecting surface of the mirror, and / or the tilting of a central vertical strip 83, which corresponds to a strip adjacent to a vertical central axis 84 of the mirror.

Le basculement des bandes latérales 81 et 82 permet d'obtenir, dans le faisceau lumineux produit par le projecteur selon l'invention, la remontée d'images de petite taille de la source lumineuse disposée au coeur du miroir, ces images étant d'intensité assez importante. On obtient ainsi une rupture du type de la rupture 70 de la figure 7a. Le basculement de la bande centrale 83 permet d'obtenir la remontée d'images plus grosses de la source lumineuse, mais d'intensité moins importante, permettant ainsi d'obtenir une ligne de coupure du type de la ligne de coupure 71. La bande latérale centrale est située juste à gauche ou juste à droite de l'axe vertical central 84 en fonction du côté où l'on souhaite voir remonter la ligne de coupure 71. Dans un exemple particulier de réalisation du miroir 80, l'inclinaison des bandes latérales 81 et 82 est de l'ordre de 3 degrés par rapport aux bandes latérales qui leur sont adjacentes, l'inclinaison de la bande centrale 83 étant de l'ordre de 1 degré par rapport aux bandes qui lui sont adjacentes. Dans ce même exemple, en conservant le repère orthonormé de la figure 1, on dispose la bande latérale gauche entre les abscisses -40 millimètres et -35 millimètres, on dispose la bande latérale droite entre les abscisses 35 millimètres et 40 millimètres, et on dispose la bande centrale entre les abscisses -10 millimètres et 0 millimètre.The tilting of the lateral strips 81 and 82 makes it possible to obtain, in the light beam produced by the projector according to the invention, the recovery of small images of the light source disposed at the heart of the mirror, these images being of intensity quite important. This produces a rupture of the type of rupture 70 of FIG. 7a. The tilting of the central band 83 makes it possible to obtain the recovery of larger images of the light source, but of lesser intensity, thus making it possible to obtain a cutoff line of the type of the cutoff line 71. central side is located just to the left or just to the right of the central vertical axis 84 depending on the side where it is desired to go up the cut line 71. In a particular embodiment of the mirror 80, the inclination of the strips lateral 81 and 82 is of the order of 3 degrees relative to the sidebands adjacent thereto, the inclination of the central strip 83 being of the order of 1 degree relative to the bands adjacent thereto. In this same example, keeping the orthonormal reference of FIG. 1, the left lateral band between the abscissa -40 millimeters and -35 millimeters is available, the right lateral band between the abscissa 35 millimeters and 40 millimeters is arranged, and it is available the central band between abscissa -10 mm and 0 mm.

Le basculement des bandes est de préférence effectué de telle sorte que des surfaces de raccord entre les bandes basculées et leurs bandes adjacentes soit le moins possible exposées aux rayons lumineux produits par la source de lumière, ceci afin de ne pas introduire trop de parasites dans le faisceau lumineux produit.The tilting of the strips is preferably carried out so that connecting surfaces between the tilted strips and their adjacent strips are exposed as little as possible to the light rays produced by the light source, so as not to introduce too many parasites into the beam. light beam produced.

Toujours pour obtenir une ligne de coupure du type de celle représentée à la figure 7a, on propose, dans l'invention, au lieu de réaliser des basculements de bandes du miroir, ou en complément de ces basculements, de disposer des prismes sur la face d'entrée de la lentille constituant l'élément de déviation optique du projecteur. Ces prismes, qui constituent des décrochements sur la face d'entrée de la lentille, sont disposés sur des bandes verticales de la face d'entrée de la lentille, face aux bandes verticales du miroir qui sont susceptibles d'être inclinées conformément à ce qui vient d'être décrit. Dans la pratique, les prismes sont réalisés dans la même matière que la lentille, et constituent avec cette dernière une seule et unique pièce. Afin de relever d'un côté la ligne de coupure 71, leur base est onentée vers le haut des bandes sur lesquelles ils sont disposés. Leur fonction est similaire à celle des bandes du miroir qui sont inclinées : les prismes disposés sur les bandes latérales extrêmes de la face de sortie de la lentille sont destinés à remonter des petites images intenses de la source lumineuse pour créer la rupture 70, le prisme disposé sur une bande centrale étant destiné à assurer le prolongement de cette rupture en relevant des images plus grosses mais moins intenses de la source lumineuse.Still to obtain a cut-off line of the type shown in FIG. 7a, it is proposed, in the invention, instead of making tilts of bands of the mirror, or in addition to these tilts, to have prisms on the face input of the lens constituting the optical deflection element of the projector. These prisms, which constitute recesses on the input face of the lens, are arranged on vertical strips of the input face of the lens, facing the vertical bands of the mirror which are likely to be inclined in accordance with what has just been described. In practice, the prisms are made of the same material as the lens, and constitute with the latter a single piece. In order to raise on one side the cut line 71, their base is toothed upwards of the bands on which they are arranged. Their function is similar to that of the inclined mirror strips: the prisms arranged on the extreme lateral strips of the exit face of the lens are intended to trace small intense images of the light source to create the rupture 70, the prism arranged on a central strip being intended to ensure the extension of this rupture by noting larger but less intense images of the light source.

Selon l'invention, pour obtenir une coupure non plate du type de celle représentée à la figure 7b, on propose également plusieurs possibilités de réalisation : dans tous ces exemples, on a également légèrement modifié la surface réfléchissante du miroir 20 des projecteurs hybrides basiques et/ou la face d'entrée 31 de la lentille 30 de ces mêmes projecteurs.According to the invention, to obtain a non-flat cut of the type of that shown in FIG. 7b, several possibilities of embodiment are also proposed: in all these examples, the reflecting surface of the mirror 20 of the basic hybrid projectors has also been slightly modified and or the input face 31 of the lens 30 of these same projectors.

On obtient ainsi par exemple un nouveau miroir 90, dont un exemple possible de réalisation est montré aux figures 9a (vue de face du miroir) et 9b selon différentes vues. Dans le cadre de telles modifications de la surface réfléchissante du miroir, des décrochements sont introduits sur cette surface. Ces décrochements consistent ici en un remplacement d'une section particulière 91 de la surface réfléchissante du miroir 90, ladite section particulière 91 correspondant aux extrémités latérales d'un morceau de surface du miroir résultant de l'intersection de la surface réfléchissante du miroir et de l'espace défini entre un premier plan horizontal central du miroir et un deuxième plan, incliné par rapport au premier plan, par une surface de type paraboloïde. En procédant ainsi, et en choisissant un angle de K degrés, par exemple 15, entre les deux plans, on déplace un ensemble d'images de la source lumineuse, ces images étant déjà, dans la section particulière, inclinées de 0 à K degrés. On obtient ainsi une ligne de coupure du type de celle représentée à la figure 7b, avec un angle de remontée de K degrés. Les sections 101 peuvent avantageusement être des parties de paraboloides (éventuellement différents à gauche et à droite) de foyers placés sur l'axe du filament et à l'intérieur du filament. Les foyers des parties gauche et droite sont de préférence confondus au centre ou décalés symétriquement. Dans tous les cas, en vue de derrière, la partie droite a son foyer en avant du centre du filament (vers la lentille), et la partie gauche a son foyer en arrière du centre du filament (vers le miroir).Thus, for example, a new mirror 90 is obtained, a possible example of which is shown in FIGS. 9a (front view of the mirror) and 9b in different views. In the context of such modifications of the reflecting surface of the mirror, recesses are introduced on this surface. These recesses here consist in a replacement of a particular section 91 of the reflecting surface of the mirror 90, said particular section 91 corresponding to the lateral ends of a piece of mirror surface resulting from the intersection of the reflecting surface of the mirror and the space defined between a first central horizontal plane of the mirror and a second plane, inclined relative to the first plane, by a paraboloid-type surface. Proceeding thus, and by choosing an angle of K degrees, for example 15, between the two planes, we move a set of images of the light source, these images being already, in the particular section, inclined from 0 to K degrees . This produces a cut-off line of the type shown in FIG. 7b, with a rise angle of K degrees. Sections 101 may advantageously be portions of paraboloids (possibly different to the left and to the right) of foci placed on the axis of the filament and inside the filament. Parties' homes left and right are preferably merged centrally or shifted symmetrically. In all cases, in the back view, the right part has its focus in front of the center of the filament (towards the lens), and the left part has its focus behind the center of the filament (towards the mirror).

Toujours pour obtenir une ligne de coupure du type de celle représentée à la figure 7b, on propose, dans l'invention ,en complément de ces modifications, de réaliser une nouvelle lentille 100, légèrement modifiée par rapport à celle utilisée pour les dispositifs projecteurs hybrides basiques. Dans le cadre de telles modifications de la face interne, ou d'entrée, de la lentille 100, des décrochements sont introduits sur cette surface. Ces décrochements consistent ici aussi en un remplacement d'une section particulière 101 de la face inteme de la lentille 100, ladite section particulière 101 correspondant aux extrémités latérales d'un morceau de face inteme de la lentille résultant de l'intersection de cette face interne et de l'espace défini entre un premier plan horizontal central de la lentille et un deuxième plan, incliné par rapport au premier plan, par une surface créant un dioptre neutre, par exemple un élément de surface plane, ou éventuellement une ouverture. En procédant ainsi, on évite d'étaler horizontalement les images correctement inclinées et placées par les zones 101 du réflecteur.Still to obtain a cutoff line of the type shown in FIG. 7b, it is proposed in the invention, in addition to these modifications, to produce a new lens 100, slightly modified compared to that used for hybrid projectors devices. basic. In the context of such modifications of the internal face, or entry, of the lens 100, recesses are introduced on this surface. These recesses here also consist of a replacement of a particular section 101 of the inner face of the lens 100, said particular section 101 corresponding to the lateral ends of a piece of inner face of the lens resulting from the intersection of this inner face. and the space defined between a first central horizontal plane of the lens and a second plane, inclined relative to the first plane, by a surface creating a neutral diopter, for example a flat surface element, or possibly an opening. By doing so, it avoids horizontally spread images correctly inclined and placed by the areas 101 of the reflector.

Claims (13)

  1. Headlight apparatus comprising, in particular, a light source (10), a reflector (80; 90) having a reflective surface for reflecting light signals produced by the light source (10) and having a horizontal generatrix which develops from an elliptical form to a parabolic form, and a transparent optical diverter element (100), having an input face for the reflected light signals and an output face for the reflected light signals, the transparent optical diverter element (100) being placed in front of the reflector (80; 90), the reflector (80; 90) being adapted to cooperate with the light source (10) to generate a beam delimited by a cut-off line, and the optical diverter element (100) being adapted to ensure a horizontal separation between the light signals produced by the light source (10) and reflected by the reflector (80; 90), without modifying the vertical distribution of the light signals, the said headlight apparatus being characterised in that it includes at least one discontinuity element (81; 91; 101) formed on at least one of the surfaces that are encountered by the light signals, whereby to obtain for the light beam a cut-off line (70; 72) which is not flat, the said discontinuity element (81; 91; 101) consisting of at least one prism disposed on the transparent optical diverter element (100).
  2. Headlight apparatus according to Claim 1, characterised in that the prisms disposed on the optical diverter element (100) include at least one lateral prism disposed on a vertical and lateral band of the optical diverter element (100).
  3. Headlight apparatus according to at least one of Claims 1 and 2, characterised in that the prisms disposed on the optical diverter element (100) include a central prism disposed on a vertical central band, one of the edges of the said vertical central band being coincident with a vertical central axis of the optical diverter element.
  4. Headlight apparatus according to at least one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that a base portion of each prism is disposed towards the top of the vertical band on which it is located, with an apex of each prism being disposed towards the bottom of each vertical band on which it is located.
  5. Headlight apparatus according to at least one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that each prism is disposed on the input face for the light signals received from the optical diverter element (100).
  6. Headlight apparatus according to at least one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that at least one discontinuity element (81; 91; 101) consists of an inclination, with respect to an adjacent vertical band (83) of the reflector, of a vertical band (81; 82) which constitutes the reflective surface of the reflector.
  7. Headlight apparatus according to at least one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that the inclinations effected on the surface of the reflector (80; 90) include at least one lateral inclination of a lateral vertical band (81; 82) of the reflector.
  8. Headlight apparatus according to at least one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that the inclinations effected on the surface of the reflector (80; 90) include a central inclination disposed on a central vertical band (83) of the reflector, with one of the edges of the said central vertical band being coincident with a vertical central axis (84) of the reflector.
  9. Headlight apparatus according to at least one of Claims 6 to 8, characterised in that each inclination in a vertical band (81; 82) of the reflector (80; 90) is effected in such a way that linking surfaces which are defined between the inclined vertical bands and the adjacent vertical bands are exposed by a minimal amount to the light signals produced by the light source (10).
  10. Headlight apparatus according to at least one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that at least one discontinuity element (81; 91; 101) consists in the replacement of a particular section (91) of the reflective surface of the reflector (80; 90) by a surface of a paraboloidal type, the said particular surface corresponding to the lateral ends of a small surface portion of the reflector that results from the intersection of the reflective surface of the reflector with the space defined between a central, horizontal first plane of the reflector and a second plane which is inclined with respect to the first plane.
  11. Headlight apparatus according to at least one of the preceding Claims, characterise in that at least one discontinuity element (81; 91; 101) consists in the replacement of a particular section (101) of the input face for the light signals on the optical diverter element (100) by a plane surface, the said particular section (101) corresponding to the lateral ends of a small surface portion of the said input face that results from the intersection of the said input face with the space defined between a central, horizontal first plane of the reflector (80; 90) and a second plane which is inclined with respect to the first plane.
  12. Headlight apparatus according to at least one of Claims 10 and 11, characterised in that the angle of inclination between the first plane and the second plane is of the order of 15 degrees.
  13. A motor vehicle equipped with a headlight apparatus according to at least one of the preceding Claims.
EP03292245A 2002-09-20 2003-09-11 Vehicle headlamp having a mirror and an associated deflection element capable of producing a beam with a non-horizontal cut-off Expired - Lifetime EP1400748B1 (en)

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FR0211704 2002-09-20
FR0211704A FR2844867B1 (en) 2002-09-20 2002-09-20 MOTOR VEHICLE PROJECTOR DEVICE WITH MIRROR AND CONJUGATED DEVIATION ELEMENT WITH NON-FLAT CUT

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EP1400748B1 true EP1400748B1 (en) 2006-04-26

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EP1400748A1 (en) 2004-03-24
US7101062B2 (en) 2006-09-05
JP2004119381A (en) 2004-04-15
ES2263931T3 (en) 2006-12-16
DE60304783D1 (en) 2006-06-01
US20040057245A1 (en) 2004-03-25
DE60304783T2 (en) 2007-05-03
FR2844867A1 (en) 2004-03-26
ATE324555T1 (en) 2006-05-15
FR2844867B1 (en) 2005-07-08

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