EP1396615B1 - Combustion engine - Google Patents

Combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1396615B1
EP1396615B1 EP02019964A EP02019964A EP1396615B1 EP 1396615 B1 EP1396615 B1 EP 1396615B1 EP 02019964 A EP02019964 A EP 02019964A EP 02019964 A EP02019964 A EP 02019964A EP 1396615 B1 EP1396615 B1 EP 1396615B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion air
lubricant
internal combustion
combustion engine
air duct
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
EP02019964A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1396615A1 (en
Inventor
Harald Stoffels
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ford Global Technologies LLC
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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Publication date
Application filed by Ford Global Technologies LLC filed Critical Ford Global Technologies LLC
Priority to EP02019964A priority Critical patent/EP1396615B1/en
Priority to DE50212706T priority patent/DE50212706D1/en
Publication of EP1396615A1 publication Critical patent/EP1396615A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1396615B1 publication Critical patent/EP1396615B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
    • F01M11/0004—Oilsumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
    • F01M11/0004—Oilsumps
    • F01M2011/0066—Oilsumps with passages in the wall, e.g. for axles or fluid passages

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1 containing one or more cylinders in an engine block, a lubrication system with a lubricant collection tray, at least one charge pump, wherein a portion of the at least one charge pump or the at least one charge pump leading away air duct integral Part of the lubricant collection tray is.
  • the use of a charge pump is a common means of increasing performance.
  • the combustion air of the internal combustion engine is not sucked by the internal combustion engine, but conveyed with overpressure in the combustion chambers.
  • the compression of the combustion air also leads to a heating of the combustion air. Since the heated air has a lower density than cold air, the combustion air is often cooled after the compression process to increase the cylinder filling degree. This is usually done by means of a so-called intercooler.
  • intercooler usually air-air cooler are used, but also air-water cooler, which are connected to the cooling circuit of an internal combustion engine, are known.
  • the combustion air is guided by means of relatively large diameter hoses or channels of the charge air pump via the intercooler to the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine.
  • JP 60145421 discloses an internal combustion engine with a lubricant sump having a combustion air passage.
  • the combustion air duct has no connection to the lubricant circuit.
  • the combustion air duct is guided around the outside of the lubricant pan as a stiffness rib.
  • the FR 2 762 360 discloses a device for heating engine oil in an oil pan.
  • a coolant line which is provided with fins, through the oil pan guided, so that a heat exchange can take place from the coolant to the engine oil.
  • the FR 2 762 360 to store the heat energy in the engine oil by insulating the walls of the oil pan.
  • the internal combustion engine is characterized by at least one, not intended for lubricant, but integrated in the lubricant pan channel, but having no connection to the lubricant circuit of the internal combustion engine.
  • Channels integrated in the lubricant sump with the task of collecting or distributing lubricants are well known and should not be considered here.
  • the at least one channel according to the invention can run both inside and outside the lubricant trough, wherein the outer wall is not the subject of the invention. So it is conceivable that z.
  • the channel is formed with in the mold, while z. B.
  • the channel as originally additional part inside or outside of the lubricant pan z. B. is connected by welding, gluing, soldering or screws with the lubricant pan.
  • the course of the channel can be chosen freely, but you will usually pay attention to choose the course as short as possible.
  • the at least one channel is formed so that it is suitable for connecting combustion air hoses.
  • the channel if it runs within the lubricant pan, well protected, and does not limit the ground clearance of a motor vehicle.
  • the at least one channel is formed so that it is suitable for the passage of a coolant of an internal combustion engine.
  • the advantages lie in the space-saving design and the protected course of the coolant line.
  • a heating or cooling function is additionally conceivable.
  • the channel assumes the function of a hose leadthrough.
  • the at least one channel is laid across a lubricant pan. This is particularly advantageous in transverse internal combustion engines in motor vehicles, in order to arrive on the shortest route from the front of the engine to the back.
  • the at least one channel is formed so that it significantly increases the rigidity of the lubricant pan.
  • An increase in stiffness of the lubricant pan is often desired to z. B. to influence the sound pressure level of the engine.
  • lubricant tubs made of sheet metal can be achieved by means of an additional channel significant stiffness increases.
  • the at least one channel is formed so that it can simultaneously take on the task of a resonator.
  • a resonator is often required to reduce unwanted pulsations of the charge air pump in the combustion air system. The accommodation within the oil pan is therefore particularly space-saving.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a part of a transverse internal combustion engine 1 in front view. Evident are a part of an engine block 2 and a lubricant pan 3, which are interconnected by means of screws 4.
  • the combustion air duct 5 according to the invention is shown in cross section.
  • FIG. 2 the internal combustion engine 1 is shown in the side view. Again, the engine block 2, the lubricant pan 3 and the screw 4 can be seen.
  • the combustion air is conducted starting from a charge air pump 6 via a combustion air duct 8 through the combustion air duct 5 connected to the lubricant trough 3 and a subsequent combustion air duct 8 'to a charge air cooler 7.
  • a further combustion air duct 8 " the combustion air then reaches the internal combustion engine 1, wherein the further connection is not shown here.
  • the arrows serve to clarify the flow direction of the combustion air.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lubrication Details And Ventilation Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Brennkraftmaschine gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 enthaltend ein oder mehrere Zylinder in einem Motorblock, ein Schmiersystem mit einer Schmiermittelsammelwanne, mindestens eine Ladepumpen, wobei ein Teil eines zu der mindestens einen Ladepumpe hin- oder von der mindestens einen Ladepumpe wegführenden Luftkanals integraler Bestandteil der Schmiermittelsammelwanne ist.The invention relates to an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1 containing one or more cylinders in an engine block, a lubrication system with a lubricant collection tray, at least one charge pump, wherein a portion of the at least one charge pump or the at least one charge pump leading away air duct integral Part of the lubricant collection tray is.

Bei Brennkraftmaschinen stellt die Verwendung einer Ladepumpe ein übliches Mittel zur Leistungssteigerung dar. Dabei wird die Verbrennungsluft der Brennkraftmaschine nicht von der Brennkraftmaschine angesaugt, sondern mit Überdruck in die Brennräume befördert. Die Verdichtung der Verbrennungsluft führt allerdings bekanntermaßen auch zu einer Erwärmung der Verbrennungsluft. Da die erwärmte Luft eine geringere Dichte besitzt als kalte Luft, wird häufig zur Erhöhung des Zylinderfüllungsgrades die Verbrennungsluft nach dem Verdichtungsprozeß abgekühlt. Dies geschieht üblicherweise mittels eines sogenannten Ladeluftkühlers. Als Ladeluftkühler werden in der Regel Luft-Luftkühler eingesetzt, aber auch Luft-Wasserkühler, die an den Kühlkreislauf einer Brennkraftmaschine angeschlossen sind, sind bekannt. Die Verbrennungsluft wird dabei mittels im Durchmesser relativ großer Schläuche oder Kanäle von der Ladeluftpumpe über den Ladeluftkühler zum Ansaugkrümmer einer Brennkraftmaschine geführt.In internal combustion engines, the use of a charge pump is a common means of increasing performance. The combustion air of the internal combustion engine is not sucked by the internal combustion engine, but conveyed with overpressure in the combustion chambers. However, as is known, the compression of the combustion air also leads to a heating of the combustion air. Since the heated air has a lower density than cold air, the combustion air is often cooled after the compression process to increase the cylinder filling degree. This is usually done by means of a so-called intercooler. As intercooler usually air-air cooler are used, but also air-water cooler, which are connected to the cooling circuit of an internal combustion engine, are known. The combustion air is guided by means of relatively large diameter hoses or channels of the charge air pump via the intercooler to the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine.

Die Zusammenfassung der JP 60145421 offenbart eine Brennkraftmaschine mit einer Schmiermittelwanne, die einen Verbrennungsluftkanal aufweist. Der Verbrennungsluftkanal hat keine Verbindung zum Schmiermittelkreislauf. Der Verbrennungsluftkanal ist außen um die Schmiermittelwanne als Steifigkeitsrippe herum geführt.The summary of JP 60145421 discloses an internal combustion engine with a lubricant sump having a combustion air passage. The combustion air duct has no connection to the lubricant circuit. The combustion air duct is guided around the outside of the lubricant pan as a stiffness rib.

Die FR 2 762 360 offenbart eine Vorrichtung zum Erwärmen von Motoröl in einer Ölwanne. Um das Motoröl schneller auf seine ausreichende Betriebstemperatur zu führen, wird eine Kühlmittelleitung, welche mit Finnen versehen ist, durch die Ölwanne geführt, so dass ein Wärmeaustausch von dem Kühlmittel zum Motoröl stattfinden kann. Weiter beschäftigt sich die FR 2 762 360 damit die Wärmeenergie im Motoröl zu speichern, indem die Wände der Ölwanne isoliert sind.The FR 2 762 360 discloses a device for heating engine oil in an oil pan. In order to bring the engine oil faster to its adequate operating temperature, a coolant line, which is provided with fins, through the oil pan guided, so that a heat exchange can take place from the coolant to the engine oil. Next is the FR 2 762 360 to store the heat energy in the engine oil by insulating the walls of the oil pan.

Bei heutigen Kraftfahrzeugen ist der Motorraum sehr häufig eng gepackt, da der Motorraum um den Anforderungen nach genügend Platz für die Fahrgäste und geringem Luftwiderstandsbeiwert nachzukommen, so klein wie möglich ausgestaltet wird. Es ergibt sich also das Problem bei Kraftfahrzeugen mit Ladeluftpumpen und Ladeluftkühlern, daß zur Verlegung der Luftschläuche von einer Ladeluftpumpe zu einem Ladeluftkühler und von einem Ladeluftkühler zu einem Ansaugkrümmer nur sehr wenig Platz zur Verfügung steht. Verschärft wird dieses Problem noch bei quereingebauten Brennkraftmaschinen, da hierbei in der Regel mindestens ein Luftschlauch über oder unter der Brennkraftmaschine geführt wird.In today's motor vehicles, the engine compartment is very often packed tight, since the engine compartment to meet the requirements for sufficient space for passengers and low drag coefficient is designed as small as possible. Thus, the problem arises in motor vehicles with charge air pumps and intercoolers, that for the relocation of the air hoses from a charge air pump to a charge air cooler and from a charge air cooler to an intake manifold only very little space is available. This problem is exacerbated in transverse internal combustion engines, since this usually at least one air hose is passed over or under the internal combustion engine.

Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung eine Anordnung zu finden, bei der ein Luftschlauch oder Luftkanal möglichst platzsparend an einer Brennkraftmaschine vorbeigeführt wird.It is therefore an object of the invention to find an arrangement in which an air hose or air duct is passed as space-saving as possible to an internal combustion engine.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Brennkraftmaschine mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by an internal combustion engine with the features of claim 1.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind in den Unteransprüchen enthalten.Advantageous embodiments are contained in the subclaims.

Die Brennkraftmaschine zeichnet sich durch mindestens einen, nicht für Schmiermittel bestimmten, aber in der Schmiermittelwanne integrierten Kanal aus, der aber keine Verbindung zum Schmiermittelkreislauf der Brennkraftmaschine aufweist. In der Schmiermittelwanne integrierte Kanäle mit der Aufgabe Schmiermittel zu sammeln oder zu verteilen sind allgemein bekannt und sollen hier nicht betrachtet werden. Der mindestens eine erfindungsgemäße Kanal kann dabei sowohl innerhalb als auch außerhalb der Schmiermittelwanne verlaufen, wobei der außenwandige Verlauf nicht Gegenstand der Erfindung ist. So ist es denkbar, daß z. B. bei Schmiermittelwannen, die als Gußteil oder Spritzgußteil in Metall oder Kunststoff ausgeführt sind, der Kanal mit in der Gußform ausgeformt ist, während z. B. bei Schmiermittelwannen aus Blech der Kanal als ursprünglich zusätzliches Teil innerhalb oder außerhalb der Schmiermittelwanne z. B. durch Schweißen, Kleben, Löten oder Schrauben mit der Schmiermittelwanne verbunden wird. Der Verlauf des Kanals kann dabei frei gewählt sein, wobei man aber üblicherweise darauf achten wird, den Verlauf möglichst kurz zu wählen.The internal combustion engine is characterized by at least one, not intended for lubricant, but integrated in the lubricant pan channel, but having no connection to the lubricant circuit of the internal combustion engine. Channels integrated in the lubricant sump with the task of collecting or distributing lubricants are well known and should not be considered here. The at least one channel according to the invention can run both inside and outside the lubricant trough, wherein the outer wall is not the subject of the invention. So it is conceivable that z. As in lubricant trays, which are designed as a casting or injection molded part in metal or plastic, the channel is formed with in the mold, while z. B. in lubricant trays made of sheet metal, the channel as originally additional part inside or outside of the lubricant pan z. B. is connected by welding, gluing, soldering or screws with the lubricant pan. The course of the channel can be chosen freely, but you will usually pay attention to choose the course as short as possible.

In einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird der mindestens eine Kanal so ausgebildet, daß er zum Anschluß von Verbrennungsluftschläuchen geeignet ist. Insbesondere bei Brennkraftmaschinen mit Ladeluftpumpen und Ladeluftkühler ist so ein platzsparender Weg von der Ladeluftpumpe zum Ladeluftkühler realisierbar. Zusätzlich ist der Kanal, sofern er innerhalb der Schmiermittelwanne verläuft, gut geschützt, und schränkt die Bodenfreiheit eines Kraftfahrzeugs nicht ein.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the at least one channel is formed so that it is suitable for connecting combustion air hoses. In particular, in internal combustion engines with charge air pumps and intercooler as a space-saving path from the charge air pump to the intercooler can be realized. In addition, the channel, if it runs within the lubricant pan, well protected, and does not limit the ground clearance of a motor vehicle.

Bei einer anderen Weiterbildung ist der mindestens eine Kanal so ausgeformt, daß er zur Durchleitung eines Kühlmittels einer Brennkraftmaschine geeignet ist. Auch hier liegen die Vorteile in der platzsparenden Bauweise bzw. dem geschützten Verlauf der Kühlmittelleitung. Bei der Durchleitung des Kühlmittels durch eine Schmiermittelwanne ist auch zusätzlich noch eine Heiz- bzw. Kühlfunktion vorstellbar.In another embodiment, the at least one channel is formed so that it is suitable for the passage of a coolant of an internal combustion engine. Again, the advantages lie in the space-saving design and the protected course of the coolant line. When passing the coolant through a lubricant trough, a heating or cooling function is additionally conceivable.

Bei einer weiteren Ausführung der Erfindung übernimmt der Kanal die Funktion einer Schlauchdurchführung.In a further embodiment of the invention, the channel assumes the function of a hose leadthrough.

Bei einer bevorzugten Ausbildung der Erfindung wird der mindestens eine Kanal quer durch eine Schmiermittelwanne gelegt. Dies ist insbesondere bei quereingebauten Brennkraftmaschinen in Kraftfahrzeugen von Vorteil, um auf kürzestem Weg von der Vorderseite der Brennkraftmaschine auf die Rückseite zu gelangen.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the at least one channel is laid across a lubricant pan. This is particularly advantageous in transverse internal combustion engines in motor vehicles, in order to arrive on the shortest route from the front of the engine to the back.

Bei einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Brennkraftmaschine wird der mindestens eine Kanal so ausgebildet ist, daß er die Steifigkeit der Schmiermittelwanne deutlich erhöht. Eine Steifigkeitserhöhung der Schmiermittelwanne wird häufig gewünscht, um z. B. den Schalldruckpegel der Brennkraftmaschine zu beeinflussen. Insbesondere bei gegossenen Schmiermittelwannen aber auch bei Schmiermittelwannen aus Blech lassen sich mittels eines zusätzlichen Kanals deutliche Steifigkeitserhöhungen erzielen.In a further embodiment of the internal combustion engine, the at least one channel is formed so that it significantly increases the rigidity of the lubricant pan. An increase in stiffness of the lubricant pan is often desired to z. B. to influence the sound pressure level of the engine. Especially with cast lubricant tubs but also with lubricant tubs made of sheet metal can be achieved by means of an additional channel significant stiffness increases.

In einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird der mindestens eine Kanal so ausgebildet, daß er gleichzeitig die Aufgabe eines Resonators übernehmen kann. Ein Resonator ist häufig erforderlich, um unerwünschte Pulsationen der Ladeluftpumpe in dem Verbrennungsluftsystem zu reduzieren. Die Unterbringung innerhalb der Ölwanne ist daher besonders platzsparend.In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the at least one channel is formed so that it can simultaneously take on the task of a resonator. A resonator is often required to reduce unwanted pulsations of the charge air pump in the combustion air system. The accommodation within the oil pan is therefore particularly space-saving.

Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand der beiden Figuren beispielhaft näher erläutert. Gleiche Teile sind in den Figuren mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine schematische Darstellung einer Frontansicht eines Teiles einer Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Verbrennungsluftkanal im Querschnitt
Fig. 2
eine schematische Darstellung einer Seitenansicht einer Brennkraftmaschine mit einen Verbrennungsluftkanal
In the following, the invention will be explained in more detail by way of example with reference to the two figures. Identical parts are provided in the figures with the same reference numerals. Show it:
Fig. 1
a schematic representation of a front view of a part of an internal combustion engine with a combustion air duct in cross section
Fig. 2
a schematic representation of a side view of an internal combustion engine with a combustion air duct

Figur 1 zeigt eine schematisch Darstellung eines Teiles einer quereingebauten Brennkraftmaschine 1 in der Frontansicht. Zu erkennen sind ein Teil eines Motorblocks 2 und einer Schmiermittelwanne 3, die mittels Schrauben 4 miteinander verbunden sind. Der erfindungsgemäße Verbrennungsluftkanal 5 ist im Querschnitt gezeigt. FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a part of a transverse internal combustion engine 1 in front view. Evident are a part of an engine block 2 and a lubricant pan 3, which are interconnected by means of screws 4. The combustion air duct 5 according to the invention is shown in cross section.

In Figur 2 ist die Brennkraftmaschine 1 in der Seitenansicht dargestellt. Auch hier sind der Motorblock 2, die Schmiermittelwanne 3 und die Verschraubungen 4 zu erkennen. Erfindungsgemäß wird die Verbrennungsluft ausgehend von einer Ladeluftpumpe 6 über einen Verbrennungsluftkanal 8 durch den mit der Schmiermittelwanne 3 verbundenen Verbrennungsluftkanal 5 und einen anschließenden Verbrennungsluftkanal 8' zu einem Ladeluftkühler 7 geführt. Über einen weiteren Verbrennungsluftkanal 8" gelangt die Verbrennungsluft dann zur Brennkraftmaschine 1, wobei die weitere Verbindung hier nicht dargestellt ist. Die Pfeile dienen zur Verdeutlichung der Strömungsrichtung der Verbrennungsluft.In FIG. 2 the internal combustion engine 1 is shown in the side view. Again, the engine block 2, the lubricant pan 3 and the screw 4 can be seen. According to the invention, the combustion air is conducted starting from a charge air pump 6 via a combustion air duct 8 through the combustion air duct 5 connected to the lubricant trough 3 and a subsequent combustion air duct 8 'to a charge air cooler 7. Via a further combustion air duct 8 ", the combustion air then reaches the internal combustion engine 1, wherein the further connection is not shown here. The arrows serve to clarify the flow direction of the combustion air.

Claims (4)

  1. Internal combustion engine (1) for motor vehicles, having a lubricant tray (3) which has at least one duct (5) which is not intended for lubricant and which duct (5) is designed as a combustion air duct (5), and which combustion air duct (5) has no connection to the lubricant circuit of the internal combustion engine (1),
    characterized in that
    the combustion air duct (5) is arranged so as to run within the lubricant tray (3) all the way through the latter, and with the combustion air being conducted from a charge-air pump (6), via a combustion air duct (8), through the combustion air duct (5) which is connected to the lubricant tray (3), and through a subsequent combustion air duct (8'), to a charge-air cooler (7).
  2. Internal combustion engine (1) according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that
    said combustion air duct (5) is designed so as to be suitable for connecting combustion air hoses (8, 8').
  3. Internal combustion engine (1) according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that
    said combustion air duct (5) is designed so as to perform the function of a hose leadthrough.
  4. Internal combustion engine (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 3,
    characterized in that
    said combustion air duct (5) is designed so as to perform the function of a resonator.
EP02019964A 2002-09-05 2002-09-05 Combustion engine Expired - Fee Related EP1396615B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02019964A EP1396615B1 (en) 2002-09-05 2002-09-05 Combustion engine
DE50212706T DE50212706D1 (en) 2002-09-05 2002-09-05 Internal combustion engine

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02019964A EP1396615B1 (en) 2002-09-05 2002-09-05 Combustion engine

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EP1396615A1 EP1396615A1 (en) 2004-03-10
EP1396615B1 true EP1396615B1 (en) 2008-08-27

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Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5080051A (en) * 1990-05-17 1992-01-14 Mazda Motor Corporation Intake system for engine

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS60145421A (en) * 1984-01-09 1985-07-31 Yanmar Diesel Engine Co Ltd Intake inertia supercharging internal-combustion engine
FR2721975A1 (en) * 1994-06-30 1996-01-05 Peugeot IC engine oil sump heat exchanger
FR2762360B1 (en) * 1997-04-22 1999-06-04 Renault MOTOR VEHICLE ENGINE WITH INSULATING HOUSING
US6058898A (en) * 1998-12-28 2000-05-09 Detroit Diesel Corporation Structural oil pan with integrated oil filtration and cooling system

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5080051A (en) * 1990-05-17 1992-01-14 Mazda Motor Corporation Intake system for engine

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DE50212706D1 (en) 2008-10-09
EP1396615A1 (en) 2004-03-10

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