EP1395481B1 - Sensor in king-pin - Google Patents
Sensor in king-pin Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1395481B1 EP1395481B1 EP20020741532 EP02741532A EP1395481B1 EP 1395481 B1 EP1395481 B1 EP 1395481B1 EP 20020741532 EP20020741532 EP 20020741532 EP 02741532 A EP02741532 A EP 02741532A EP 1395481 B1 EP1395481 B1 EP 1395481B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sensor
- king
- pin
- pin assembly
- spindle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D15/00—Steering not otherwise provided for
- B62D15/02—Steering position indicators ; Steering position determination; Steering aids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D7/00—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings
- B62D7/18—Steering knuckles; King pins
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a sensor for sensing movement or position of steered wheels of a vehicle.
- the present invention relates to a King-pin assembly with a sensor, the King-pin assembly comprising a King-pin, an axle frame, a spindle and a bearing for moveably mounting the King-pin in the spindle.
- Such a sensor assembly is known from European patent application EP-A-0 330 632, which describes a device for measuring the steering angle operatively associated with the articulation between one of the rotary journals of one of the steered wheels and the body of the axle.
- a transducer is positioned parallel to the axis of the journal and a feeler co-operates with a stationary cam member having projections at certain angular positions.
- a potentiometer is positioned in an axial recess of the King-pin of the journal. The shaft of the potentiometer is coupled to a fixation point on the axle body.
- potentiometer sensors When a sensor in the form of a potentiometer is integrated inside a cavity in the King-pin, this will affect the mechanical strength of the King-pin. Also, potentiometer sensors will always need a fixation point to the rotating part, e.g. using a shaft coupling. In certain configurations, such a fixation point is not available, e.g. when the King-pin is designed to run through all of the spindle. Potentiometers used as position sensors also often have the disadvantage that they wear out easily, especially in the middle position.
- the present invention seeks to provide an improved sensor assembly for sensing movement of steered wheels of a vehicle.
- an improved sensor assembly is achieved by a sensor assembly according to the preamble defined above, in which the King-pin assembly further comprises a spacer for holding the axle frame at a predetermined distance from a bearing inner ring and in that a housing is attached to the spacer, the housing comprising at least a first part of the sensor, a second part of the sensor being fixedly attached to the spindle.
- the sensor may be any known type for sensing an angular position, e.g. using capacitive, inductive or magnetic means.
- the housing comprises processing electronics connected to the first part.
- processing electronics connected to the first part.
- the first and second sensor parts may in a further embodiment be disc shaped and co-axially aligned, and may e.g. form a capacitive sensor for determining the angular position between axle frame and spindle.
- the King-pin assembly may comprise an intermediate member, e.g. a Teflon ring, positioned between the first and second parts. This allows to keep a predetermined distance between the first and second sensor parts and to provide a friction free movement
- a sealing member extending in a radial direction between the spacer and the spindle may be provided in a further embodiment to protect the King-pin bearing and the sensor from external contamination, such as water or dirt ingress.
- the spacer, housing and first part form a single assembly. This allows easy assembly of the King-pin assembly and also easy accessibility for maintenance of e.g. the King-pin bearing.
- the sensor may comprise an angular position sensor, a relative motion sensor, a load sensor, and/or a temperature sensor. This allows further, more complex functions to be performed using the present King-pin sensor assembly.
- the present invention may be used with advantage in, e.g., a counterbalance fork lift truck, in order to sense the position or movement of the steered wheels. It may e.g. be necessary to obtain a feedback signal for a steer-by-wire arrangement.
- Fig. 1 shows a sectional view of part of a fork lift truck used to control the steering of the wheels, i.e. the King-pin assembly 5.
- Fig. 1 shows a sectional view of the King-pin assembly 5
- Fig. 2 shows a sectional view of the part of the King-pin assembly 5 indicated by roman numeral II in Fig. 1.
- the present King-pin assembly 5 may be advantageously used in a number of applications. It may be used to sense the steered wheel position of off-highway vehicles, e.g. between 0 and 180 degrees for a non-driven shaft and 0 to 50 degrees for a driven shaft. For motor vehicles, the present King-pin assembly 5 may be used to sense a position between 0 and 50 degrees, both for driven and non-driven shafts.
- the King-pin 12 is fixedly attached to the frame 10 of the rear axle of the fork lift truck, e.g. using a protrusion 11.
- the King-pin 12 stretches downward to the steering mechanism (not shown) of one of the steered wheels of the fork lift truck.
- the King-pin 12 is moveably attached to a spindle 14 by means of a spindle bearing 15.
- the spindle bearing 15 comprises a first part 16, fixedly attached to the spindle 14, a second part 20, fixedly attached to the King-pin 12, and a number of tapered rollers 18 between the first and second part 16,20.
- the spindle 14 is further attached to the steered wheel, such that in Fig. 1, the axle frame 10, King-pin 12 and second part 20 of the bearing are stationary, and the first part 16 of the bearing and the spindle 14 are moving around the spindle axis.
- the spindle 14 is kept at a predefined distance from the frame 10 using a spacer 1.
- the spacer has a ring shape and fits around the King-pin 12, and at its outer circumference a cylinder shaped housing 2 is attached.
- a second sensor part 4 is fixedly attached to the spindle 14 in such a way that it does not rotate around the spindle axis, and thus moves relative to the first sensor part 3. This may e.g. be accomplished by using radially extending protrusions at the circumference of the second part and associates grooves in the spindle 14.
- the second sensor part 4 is kept at a predetermined distance from the first sensor part 3, e.g.
- an intermediate element 7 may be positioned, e.g. comprising a Teflon coating on one or both of the first and second sensor parts 3, 4. This intermediate element 7 allows a friction free mutual movement of the first and second sensor parts 3, 4 and also keeps the distance between the first and second parts 3, 4 at a fixed value.
- the first and second sensor parts 3, 4, may form a sensor 24 in the form of a capacitive angular position sensor. This may be accomplished using printed circuit boards (PCB) with appropriate copper patterns on facing surfaces of the first and second parts 3, 4, known as such to the person skilled in the art. Of course, other types of contact or non-contact sensors may be used. Also, further sensors, such as a load sensor or temperature sensor may be provided.
- PCB printed circuit boards
- the sensor 24 may also be based on a different measurement principle, e.g. inductive or magnetic.
- the housing 2 may comprise processing electronics for the sensor 24.
- the processing electronics may comprise pre-processing electronics (signal shaping, analog-to-digital converters, etc.), but also active or passive processing electronics (passive or active, digital or analog filters) and interface circuitry (e.g. a RS232 or CAN-bus interface).
- the sensor signal may be connected to further vehicle systems using a connection cable 8. As the electronics are positioned in the non-moving housing 2, it is possible to easily lead the connection cable 8 via the frame 10.
- a further advantage of the present embodiment is that the bearing of the spindle 14 is easily accessible, by removing the spacer I with housing 2 and first sensor part 3 (possibly integrated as a single assembly), and second sensor part 4 after removing or disassembling the King-pin 12 and frame 10 assembly. This way, it is possible to replace the part which is vulnerable to wear (the bearing) and re-use the other parts of the sensor, as opposed to an integrated bearing and sensor assembly.
- the space between the spacer 1 and spindle 14 may be provided with a sealing member 6 to prevent contamination from entering the sensor and bearing space of the King-pin assembly.
- a sealing member 6 to prevent contamination from entering the sensor and bearing space of the King-pin assembly.
- the present invention may be applied to various other applications, where it is important to have a reliable and robust sensing of relative motion, especially in harsh environments.
- Other applications may be, but are not limited to personal vehicles (sensor integrated in strut bearing), various moving parts in heavy equipment, such as shovels, loading platforms, etc.
- the present assembly may be applied on rotation points of the rod mechanism on the out going rod of hydraulic cylinders.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Steering-Linkage Mechanisms And Four-Wheel Steering (AREA)
- Transmission And Conversion Of Sensor Element Output (AREA)
- Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
- Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
Description
Claims (8)
- King-pin assembly with a sensor (24), the King-pin assembly (5) comprising a King-pin (12), an axle frame (10), a spindle (14) and a bearing (15) for moveably mounting the spindle (14) to the axle frame (10) using the King-pin, characterised in that the King-pin assembly further comprises a spacer (1) for holding the axle frame (10) at a predetermined distance from a bearing inner ring (20) and in that a housing (2) is attached to the spacer (1), the housing (2) comprising at least a first part (3) of the sensor (24), a second part (4) of the sensor (24) being fixedly attached to the spindle (14).
- King-pin assembly according to claim 1, in which the housing (2) comprises processing electronics connected to the first part (3).
- King-pin assembly according to claim 1 or 2, in which the first and second sensor parts (3,4) are disc shaped and coaxially aligned.
- King-pin assembly according to claim 3, in which the first and second parts (3, 4) form a capacitive sensor (24) for determining the angular position between axle frame (10) and spindle (14).
- King-pin assembly according to one of the claims 1 through 4, further comprising an intermediate member (7), e.g. a Teflon ring, positioned between the first and second parts (3, 4).
- King-pin assembly according to one of the claims 1 through 5, further comprising a sealing member (6) extending in a radial direction between the spacer (1) and the spindle (14).
- King-pin assembly according to one of the claims 1 through 6, in which the spacer (1), housing (2) and first part (3) form a single assembly.
- King-pin assembly according to claim 1, in which the sensor (24) comprises an angular position sensor, a relative motion sensor, a load sensor, and/or a temperature sensor.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL1018301 | 2001-06-15 | ||
NL1018301A NL1018301C2 (en) | 2001-06-15 | 2001-06-15 | Sensor in King pin. |
PCT/NL2002/000392 WO2002102642A1 (en) | 2001-06-15 | 2002-06-14 | Sensor in king-pin |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1395481A1 EP1395481A1 (en) | 2004-03-10 |
EP1395481B1 true EP1395481B1 (en) | 2004-10-27 |
Family
ID=19773559
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20020741532 Expired - Lifetime EP1395481B1 (en) | 2001-06-15 | 2002-06-14 | Sensor in king-pin |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7097184B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1395481B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4051336B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR100826145B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1291880C (en) |
DE (1) | DE60201755T2 (en) |
NL (1) | NL1018301C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002102642A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6663124B1 (en) * | 2002-06-04 | 2003-12-16 | Dana Corporation | Co-axial kingpin lock mechanism |
SE526090C2 (en) * | 2002-08-14 | 2005-07-05 | Volvo Lastvagnar Ab | Control device, vehicle and method for controlling vehicles |
US7574926B2 (en) * | 2003-12-19 | 2009-08-18 | Deere & Company | Rotary cam driven sensor and feedback control |
ITMO20050258A1 (en) * | 2005-10-11 | 2007-04-12 | Ivan Borghi | STEERING ASSEMBLY FOR OPERATING MACHINES, PARTICULARLY FOR LIFT TRUCKS, TRACTORS, TRAILERS AND OR SIMILAR |
DE102006028551A1 (en) * | 2006-06-22 | 2008-01-17 | Linde Material Handling Gmbh | Forklift with axle load on rear axle |
US7740253B2 (en) | 2007-01-08 | 2010-06-22 | Dana Heavy Vehicle Systems Group Llc | Vehicle steer axle assembly |
JP2013103665A (en) * | 2011-11-16 | 2013-05-30 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Steering device of in-wheel motor drive wheel |
US8764034B2 (en) | 2012-07-27 | 2014-07-01 | Roller Bearing Company Of America, Inc. | Steering axle assembly with self-lubricated bearings |
SE536871C2 (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2014-10-14 | Scania Cv Ab | A steering spindle arrangement |
SE536870C2 (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2014-10-14 | Scania Cv Ab | A steering spindle arrangement |
US10618554B2 (en) | 2016-08-24 | 2020-04-14 | Dana Heavy Vehicle Systems Group, Llc | Steering assembly with integrated sensor |
DE102016116113A1 (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2018-03-01 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Bearings and procedures for wear monitoring and / or load measurement |
EP3740418B1 (en) | 2018-01-19 | 2023-11-22 | SAF-Holland, Inc. | Kingpin assembly with force sensor arrangement |
CN108725580B (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2023-12-22 | 杭叉集团股份有限公司 | Forklift steering axle and kingpin sensor connecting device thereof |
SE543724C2 (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2021-06-29 | Husqvarna Ab | Articulated robotic working tool with goniometer arrangement |
DE102019209915A1 (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2021-01-07 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Wheel suspension for a vehicle |
DE102019210005A1 (en) | 2019-07-08 | 2021-01-14 | Aktiebolaget Skf | Journal unit |
CN110530307B (en) * | 2019-09-04 | 2024-06-07 | 中信戴卡股份有限公司 | Automatic measuring equipment for steering knuckle |
US11713076B2 (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2023-08-01 | Ree Automotive Ltd. | Apparatus for measuring steering angle |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS62500093A (en) * | 1984-08-29 | 1987-01-16 | ツア−ンラトフアブリク フリ−トリツヒシヤフエン アクチエンゲゼルシヤフト | Differential locking device drive device |
US4798394A (en) * | 1986-10-15 | 1989-01-17 | Dana Corporation | Kingpin assembly for a vehicle steering axle |
IT1219041B (en) * | 1988-02-24 | 1990-04-24 | Same Spa | STEERING ANGLE MEASURING DEVICE FOR ELECTRONIC CONTROL SYSTEMS OF DIFFERENTIALS AND DOUBLE TRACTION OF A TRACTOR |
IT219805Z2 (en) * | 1989-10-10 | 1993-05-17 | Same Spa | STEERING ANGLE MEASURING DEVICE FOR ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS AND CONTROL OF DIFFERENTIALS AND DOUBLE TRACTION OF A TRACTOR |
DE4107130A1 (en) * | 1991-03-06 | 1992-09-17 | Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen | DEVICE FOR DETECTING DIFFERENT STEERING ANGLE |
WO1997026170A1 (en) | 1996-01-17 | 1997-07-24 | Carlton John Davis | Control system for a steerable axle and a steerable axle |
US6293022B1 (en) * | 1997-04-25 | 2001-09-25 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyoda Jidoshokki Seisakusho | Mounting structure for wheel angle detector and rotation amount detector for vehicle wheel |
DE10046630A1 (en) | 2000-09-20 | 2002-03-28 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | King pin bearing for commercial vehicle, has casing integrating sensor determining relative rotation between inner- and outer cups |
US6568696B2 (en) * | 2000-12-08 | 2003-05-27 | Clark Equipment Company | Kingpin angle mounted sensor |
-
2001
- 2001-06-15 NL NL1018301A patent/NL1018301C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2002
- 2002-06-14 US US10/480,728 patent/US7097184B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-06-14 CN CNB028117964A patent/CN1291880C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-06-14 KR KR1020037016297A patent/KR100826145B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-06-14 DE DE60201755T patent/DE60201755T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-06-14 WO PCT/NL2002/000392 patent/WO2002102642A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2002-06-14 EP EP20020741532 patent/EP1395481B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-06-14 JP JP2003505197A patent/JP4051336B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7097184B2 (en) | 2006-08-29 |
NL1018301C2 (en) | 2002-12-17 |
DE60201755D1 (en) | 2004-12-02 |
JP2004529818A (en) | 2004-09-30 |
KR20040007713A (en) | 2004-01-24 |
EP1395481A1 (en) | 2004-03-10 |
CN1514788A (en) | 2004-07-21 |
WO2002102642A1 (en) | 2002-12-27 |
DE60201755T2 (en) | 2006-02-09 |
JP4051336B2 (en) | 2008-02-20 |
CN1291880C (en) | 2006-12-27 |
KR100826145B1 (en) | 2008-04-30 |
US20040207170A1 (en) | 2004-10-21 |
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Inventor name: DUITS, JOHANNES, ANDRIANUS, MARIA Inventor name: DITTMAR, RICO Inventor name: KAPAAN, HENDRIKUS, JAN Inventor name: SCHMIDT, KLEMENS Inventor name: VAN DER KAMP, JOHANNES, HAAYE Inventor name: ZWARTS, JACOBUS Inventor name: VISSERS, CORNELIUS, PETRUS, ANTONIUS |
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