EP1395477A1 - Railway undercarriage with a radially adjustable wheel axles - Google Patents

Railway undercarriage with a radially adjustable wheel axles

Info

Publication number
EP1395477A1
EP1395477A1 EP01983504A EP01983504A EP1395477A1 EP 1395477 A1 EP1395477 A1 EP 1395477A1 EP 01983504 A EP01983504 A EP 01983504A EP 01983504 A EP01983504 A EP 01983504A EP 1395477 A1 EP1395477 A1 EP 1395477A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wheel
wheels
handlebars
rail
carrier
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP01983504A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1395477B1 (en
Inventor
Frank Augsburg
Uwe Schüller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alstom Transportation Germany GmbH
Original Assignee
Bombardier Transportation GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bombardier Transportation GmbH filed Critical Bombardier Transportation GmbH
Priority to DK01983504T priority Critical patent/DK1395477T3/en
Publication of EP1395477A1 publication Critical patent/EP1395477A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1395477B1 publication Critical patent/EP1395477B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61RAILWAYS
    • B61FRAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/38Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self- adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves, e.g. sliding axles, swinging axles
    • B61F5/44Adjustment controlled by movements of vehicle body
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61RAILWAYS
    • B61FRAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/38Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self- adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves, e.g. sliding axles, swinging axles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rail vehicle according to the preamble of the first claim.
  • a known rail vehicle of this type (DE 37 25 574 A1) is designed as a two-axle bogie.
  • the two wheels of each wheel pair sit on a common wheel axle.
  • the wheel bearing of each wheel is designed with two arms and carries two spring elements arranged symmetrically to the wheel axis, which are longitudinally and transversely elastic.
  • One arm of the bogie frame is supported on two spring elements.
  • the longitudinal and transverse elastic spring elements form the primary suspension, while secondary spring elements are seated on the bogie frame, which in turn can carry an associated car body.
  • a handlebar is pivotally connected to the individual wheel carriers via a pivot point. The handlebar runs essentially in the running direction of the wheels to the center of the associated bogie frame side member.
  • the handlebars are hinged ah the opposite ends of a two-armed handlebar lever via pivot points.
  • the two-armed handlebar lever is pivotally mounted at its center on an axis ' transverse to the direction of the wheels.
  • the length of the handlebars is chosen so that the two-armed handlebar is almost vertical when driving straight ahead.
  • the aim of this arrangement is that with a simple wheel set coupling which is controlled independently of the car body, an automatic radial adjustment of the wheel axles in curved tracks and at the same time high stability at high driving speeds is achieved and the longitudinal forces resulting from deceleration or acceleration processes are transmitted from the wheel pairs to the undercarriage without reaction ,
  • the invention is based on the object at a rail running device according to the preamble of the first claim measures must be taken, by which with simple means the arc radius of the track currently traveled corresponding ' Turning movement of the wheel pair (s) towards the radial arc adjustment is achieved, regardless of the steering forces that result from the wheel-rail geometry.
  • the fact is used that when a rail vehicle with excess centrifugal force bends, for example also because the car body tilts radially outwards, a higher load on the wheels on the outside of the bow than on the wheels on the inside of the bow occurs.
  • the associated load carrier in the area of the outer wheels is loaded more than on the inner side of the bow.
  • the spring elements between the load carrier and the wheel carrier or the outer wheel carriers are additionally compressed in their longitudinal direction, so that the distance between the load carrier and the respective wheel carrier is reduced.
  • the wheels in question are relieved, as a result of which the distance between the load carrier and the respective wheel carrier increases in the vertical direction.
  • the handlebars can also be used to transmit braking or driving forces between the wheel bearings and the associated car body when the car body is used as a load carrier.
  • the handlebars of a pair of wheels are each inclined at the same angle of inclination with respect to the wheel contact plane, which is determined by the wheel contact points of the wheels on the track to be driven.
  • a symmetrical pivoting of the associated axis about its vertical axis then takes place under the various operating conditions.
  • 1 shows a rail bogie in the form of a two-axle bogie with a car body of a rail vehicle supported thereon
  • 4 has a rail vehicle in the form of a rail vehicle shown in half, which has two uniaxial bogies and in which the bogie frame forms the 20 load carriers
  • FIG. 5 shows a rail driving device in the form of a rail vehicle, only half of which is shown, in which the car body is supported directly on the wheel carriers by two uniaxial running gear by means of spring elements and in which the handlebars are arranged 25 within the space between the wheel pairs,
  • FIG. 6 shows a rail travel device in the form of a rail vehicle shown only in half, in which the car body is supported by spring elements unmi telbaV on the wheel supports of two uniaxial drives and in which the handlebars are arranged 30 outside the space between the wheel pairs,
  • Fig. 7 shows a rail vehicle with two separate car bodies and a two-axis Jacobs bogie supporting the ends of these car bodies and
  • Fig. 8 is an enlarged sectional view in the region of a rail wheel with an associated handlebar on a bogie in plan view.
  • a biaxial bogie forms a rail vehicle, in which the longitudinal members of a bogie frame 1, which are bent at both ends, are supported on two-armed wheel carriers 3 with the interposition of two primary spring elements 2.
  • the four wheel carriers 3 are each assigned a rail wheel 4, two rail wheels 4 arranged in the same axis each forming a wheel pair with a common axis or shaft 5.
  • Two rail wheels 4 arranged one behind the other in the running direction stand at contact points 6 each on a rail 7 of the rail track currently being traveled on.
  • a handlebar 9 is pivotally articulated on each wheel carrier 3 at an articulation point 8, the other end of which is likewise articulated in an articulated manner via articulation points 10 directly via a bracket 13 on the load carrier, in this case on the bogie frame 1.
  • the two rail wheels 4 assigned to a shaft 5 can be designed to run freely on the shaft 5 as idler wheels or rigidly coupled to the shaft 5 as a wheel set.
  • the primary spring elements 2 are not only elastically deflectable for load carrying in their vertical longitudinal direction but also in the transverse direction, that is also parallel to the plane receiving the four contact points 6, so that the wheel sets are mounted for rotation about a virtual vertical axis relative to the bogie frame 1.
  • the wheel sets can also be mounted on the bogie frame 1 so as to be pivotable about a real central vertical axis.
  • the handlebars 9 project from each other from the axles 5 or the associated wheel carriers 3 and are accordingly articulated at the articulation points 10 in the space between the wheel pairs on the load carrier (bogie frame 1).
  • the articulation point 10 on the bogie frame 1 is higher than the articulation points 8 of the articulation rods 9 on the respective wheel carrier 3 relative to the plane receiving the contact points 6.
  • a car body 11 of a rail vehicle is supported via two secondary spring elements 12, which are arranged next to one another at a distance transversely to the direction of travel of the bogie, in each case in the region of the longitudinal members of the bogie 1 in the lowered central section.
  • the weight load of the bogie frame changes due to the effect of the primary spring elements 2, its height distance from the respective wheel carrier 3 or the level determined by the contact points 6. Due to the direct articulation of the handlebars 9 in the articulation point 10 on the bogie frame 1, their height is also changed accordingly.
  • the weight load is increased, the height distance between the articulation points 10 and said plane decreases, while the height distance between the articulation points 8 and this plane remains unchanged.
  • the articulation points 10 move perpendicular to the contact plane, with a corresponding reduction in the angle of inclination of the handlebars, their effective length increases in a vertical projection onto this plane, or onto the plane receiving the longitudinal center lines of the shafts 5, so that the respective articulation point 8 and thus the associated wheel carrier 3 or the rail wheel 4 is pushed away from the articulation point 10 in the running direction. If the bogie frame 1 is relieved, the respective articulation point 10 moves upward away from the contact plane or the axial plane, as a result of which the effective length of the respective articulation rod 9 resulting from the vertical projection is reduced and the articulation point 8 in question and thus the wheel carrier 3 or the rail wheel 4 is pulled towards the associated articulation point 10.
  • the rail vehicle traverses a track curve, then in particular the car body 1 1 tilts to the outside of the bow as a result of the centrifugal forces that occur, so that the outside rail of the bogie frame 1 is loaded with an increased weight, while the inside rail is generally relieved. Due to the centrifugal force increased weight load of the outer side member of the bogie frame 1, the outer wheel carrier 3 are thus pushed away from each other, so that the distance between the shafts 5 increases outside the arc. Will the Relieved inside the longitudinal member of the bogie, then the distance between the inner wheel carrier 3 is reduced accordingly.
  • the shafts 5 of the two pairs of wheels 4, 4; 4, 4 are therefore automatically turned towards a radial setting with respect to the track curve 5 by the centrifugal forces occurring when traveling through bends.
  • an ideal radial setting of the wheel pairs can be achieved by varying the spring stiffness of the primary springs and by choosing the length i0 and the angle of attack of the handlebars, especially for the most common arc radius of the track.
  • the articulation point 10 moves vertically downward by the distance f when the bogie 1 is deflected
  • the car body 11 of a rail vehicle forms the load carrier, which is supported by secondary springs 12 on a bogie frame 1 of a single-axle bogie.
  • the bogie frame 1 in turn is supported in the same way as shown in Figure 1 over two
  • the handlebar 9 extends here from the articulation point 8 on the wheel carrier 3 over the bogie frame 1 to directly to the articulation point 10 provided there on the car body 11 on a bracket 13.
  • the articulation point 10 of the handlebar 9 assigned to the load carrier (car body 11) is also located here
  • the handlebar rods 9, which likewise extend in a top view in the running direction of the bogie, are upward from the relevant wheel carrier 3 to the middle section of the car body 1 1 inclined.
  • a further bogie is provided on the other part of the car body 11, which is not shown in the figure on the right, and which preferably sits in a mirror-image configuration and arrangement under the relevant part of the car body 11.
  • the respective handlebar 9 is not articulated on the body 1 1, but rather on the bogie frame 1, which acts here as a load carrier, with the same structure as in FIG. 3.
  • the handlebar 9 is arranged in such a way that it is inclined upwards from the articulation point 8 on the wheel carrier 3 to the further articulation point 10 and in turn points to the middle part of the car body 11.
  • a correspondingly designed bogie is preferably provided in a mirror-image arrangement under the right section of the car body 11, which is likewise not shown here.
  • the adjustment function of the handlebars 9 with respect to the axis 5 is analogous to the method of operation described in relation to FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the outer rail wheel 4 shown or its axis 5 is adjusted towards the nearest left end of the car body 1 shown on the left and thus in the direction of the radial alignment.
  • the bogie is adjusted accordingly to the adjacent right free end of the car body and thus also to the radial alignment of the associated axle.
  • the rail vehicle again has a car body 1 1 as a load carrier, which is supported via spring elements 2 directly on two-armed wheel carriers 3 of a single-axle running gear.
  • the spring elements essentially correspond to the primary springs 2 according to the previously described figures.
  • the handlebars 9 here run from the articulation point 8 on the wheel carrier 3 in question upwards to the further articulation point 10 connected to the car body 11 and point to the middle section of the car body 11.
  • the vertical stroke of the articulation point 10 is used here, which is fixed directly on the car body 1 1. The stroke results from the forces occurring on the car body and the suspension properties of the spring elements 2 supporting the car body 10.
  • a drive according to FIG. 5 is arranged under the car body 11, which in turn acts as a load carrier.
  • the handlebar 9 falls here from the articulation point 8 on the wheel carrier 3 down to the wheel contact surface or to the rail 7 and is held at a sufficient height distance from the rail at the articulation point 10 provided there, the articulation point 10 in turn being rigidly connected to the car body 1 1 connected, downward console 13 is connected.
  • FIG. 7 shows the use of a two-axis Jacobs bogie as a rail undercarriage according to FIG. 1 between the ends of two car bodies 11.
  • the arrangement according to the invention can be used for classic wheel sets, it is special
  • the handlebars 9 can be adjustable in length in order to be able to adjust the parallel alignment of the associated shafts 5 if a straight track is present.
  • the handlebars 9 can optionally be provided with 0 elastic or inelastic bearings.
  • the use of at least one rubber-elastic bearing is particularly advantageous in the case of wheelsets whose wheels are fixed on a common shaft, because then forces arising from the wheel-rail geometry can also be used for the functional reversing movement.
  • the angle of inclination of the handlebars 9 can be selected 5 differently, depending on the desired steering angle of the axles 5 for a given inclination of the body 1 1.
  • the inclination can be up to about 45 degrees and is preferably chosen to be less than 20 degrees.
  • the inclination of the handlebars 9 is optionally adjusted by means of height-adjustable articulation points 8 and / or 10 in particular so that, with 0 axes 5 aligned parallel to one another, the extension of the imaginary central longitudinal axis ⁇ of the handlebar rods 9 intersects the imaginary central longitudinal axis of the associated wheel axis

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Platform Screen Doors And Railroad Systems (AREA)
  • Steering-Linkage Mechanisms And Four-Wheel Steering (AREA)
  • Handcart (AREA)
  • Lighting Device Outwards From Vehicle And Optical Signal (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)

Abstract

A rail vehicle undercarriage comprises a load bearing implement 1 in the form of the bogie frame of a two-axle bogie, wherein the load bearing implement 1 is supported on two wheel pairs 4, 4; 4, 4 by means of spring elements 2 . One respective steering rod 9 that extends in the running direction of the wheels is provided per wheel 4 , wherein said steering rods are coupled to the wheel carrier 3 adjacent to the corresponding wheel 4 with one end and to the load bearing implement with their other end in coupling points 8, 10 . The wheel pairs can be turned relative to the load bearing Implement. In order to achieve a turning movement of the wheel pairs towards a curve-radial adjustment which depends on the curve radius of the currently used track, the respective steering rods 9 are directly coupled to the load bearing implement 1 in coupling points 10 . In addition, the coupling points 10 of the steering rods 9 of at least one wheel pair 4, 4 are, referred to the plane defined by the contact points 6 between the wheels 4 and the rails 7 , situated above the coupling points 8 of the steering rods 9 on the corresponding wheel carrier 3 when the steering rods 9 point toward the central region between two wheel pairs in the running direction of the wheels.

Description

SCHIENENFAHRWERK MIT RADIALER EINSTELLUNG DER RADACHSEN RAIL TROLLEY WITH RADIAL ADJUSTMENT OF THE WHEEL AXLES
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Schienenfahrgerät gemäß dem Oberbegriff des ersten Anspruchs.The invention relates to a rail vehicle according to the preamble of the first claim.
Ein bekanntes Schienenfahrgerät dieser Art (DE 37 25 574 A1 ) ist als zweiachsiges Drehgestell ausgebildet. Die beiden Räder jedes Radpaares sitzen auf einer gemeinsamen Radachse. Dabei ist das Radlager jedes Rades zweiarmig ausgebildet und trägt je zwei symmetrisch zur Radachse angeordnete Federelemente, welche in sich längs- und querelastisch ausgebildet sind. Auf je zwei Federelementen stützt sich je ein Arm des Drehgestellrahmens ab. Die längs- und querelastischen Federelemente bilden dabei die Primärfederung, während auf dem Drehgestellrahmen Sekundärfederelemente aufsitzen, die ihrerseits einen zugeordneten Wagenkasten tragen können. An die einzelnen Radträger ist jeweils eine Lenkerstange über einen Anlenkpunkt schwenkbeweglich angelenkt. Die Lenkerstange verläuft dabei im wesentlichen in Laufrichtung der Räder jeweils zur Mitte des zugehörigen Drehgestellrahmen-Längsträgers. Diese Enden der Lenkerstangen sind ah die gegenüberliegenden Enden eines zweiarmigen Lenkerhebels über Anlenkpunkte schwenkbeweglich angelenkt. Dabei ist der zweiarmige Lenkerhebel an seinem Mittelpunkt auf einer quer zur Laufrichtung der Räder gerichteten Achse ' schwenkbeweglich gelagert. Die Länge der Lenkerstangen ist dabei so gewählt, daß bei Geradeausfahrt der zweiarmige Lenkerhebel annähernd senkrecht steht. Mit dieser Anordnung wird angestrebt, daß mit einer einfachen, wagenkastenunabhängig gesteuerten Radsatz-Koppelung eine selbsttätige Radialeinstellung der Radachsen in Gleisbögen und gleichzeitig eine hohe Stabilität bei hohen Fahrgeschwindigkeiten erreicht und die aus Verzögerungs- oder Beschleunigungsvorgängen resultierenden Längskräfte rückwirkungsfrei von den Radpaaren auf das Fahrwerk übertragen werden.A known rail vehicle of this type (DE 37 25 574 A1) is designed as a two-axle bogie. The two wheels of each wheel pair sit on a common wheel axle. The wheel bearing of each wheel is designed with two arms and carries two spring elements arranged symmetrically to the wheel axis, which are longitudinally and transversely elastic. One arm of the bogie frame is supported on two spring elements. The longitudinal and transverse elastic spring elements form the primary suspension, while secondary spring elements are seated on the bogie frame, which in turn can carry an associated car body. A handlebar is pivotally connected to the individual wheel carriers via a pivot point. The handlebar runs essentially in the running direction of the wheels to the center of the associated bogie frame side member. These ends of the handlebars are hinged ah the opposite ends of a two-armed handlebar lever via pivot points. The two-armed handlebar lever is pivotally mounted at its center on an axis ' transverse to the direction of the wheels. The length of the handlebars is chosen so that the two-armed handlebar is almost vertical when driving straight ahead. The aim of this arrangement is that with a simple wheel set coupling which is controlled independently of the car body, an automatic radial adjustment of the wheel axles in curved tracks and at the same time high stability at high driving speeds is achieved and the longitudinal forces resulting from deceleration or acceleration processes are transmitted from the wheel pairs to the undercarriage without reaction ,
Demgegenüber liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, bei einem Schienenfahrgerät gemäß dem Oberbegriff des ersten Anspruchs Maßnahmen zu treffen, durch welche mit einfachen Mitteln eine dem Bogenradius des aktuell befahrenen Gleises entsprechende ' Wendebewegung des oder der Radpaare (s) hin zur bogenradialen Einstellung erreicht wird, unabhängig von Lenkkräften, die sich aus der Rad-Schiene-Geometrie ergeben.In contrast, the invention is based on the object at a rail running device according to the preamble of the first claim measures must be taken, by which with simple means the arc radius of the track currently traveled corresponding ' Turning movement of the wheel pair (s) towards the radial arc adjustment is achieved, regardless of the steering forces that result from the wheel-rail geometry.
Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe ergibt sich aus den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des ersten Patentanspruchs.The solution to this problem results from the characterizing features of the first claim.
Bei einem Aufbau eines Schienenfahrgeräts gemäß der Erfindung wird die Tatsache ausgenutzt, daß bei Bogenfahrt eines Schienenfahrzeugs mit Fliehkraftüberschuß, z.B. auch dadurch, daß sich der Wagenkasten bogenradial nach außen neigt, eine höhere Belastung der bogenäußeren Räder auftritt als an den bogeninneren Rädern. Infolge dessen wird der zugehörige Lastträger im Bereich der bogenäußeren Räder stärker belastet als auf der bogeninneren Seite. Dadurch werden die Federelemente zwischen dem Lastträger und dem oder den bogenäußeren Radträgern in ihrer Längsrichtung zusätzlich zusammengedrückt, so daß sich der Abstand zwischen dem Lastträger und dem jeweiligen Radträger verkleinert. An der bogeninneren Seite werden dagegen die betreffenden Räder entlastet, wodurch sich dort der Abstand zwischen dem Lastträger und dem jeweiligen Radträger in vertikaler Richtung vergrößert. Diese Abstandsänderung führt aufgrund der bestimmten Neigung der Lenkerstangen und ihrer direkten Anlenkung einerseits am Lastträger und andererseits am betreffenden Radträger dazu, daß die bogenäußeren Radträger und damit die zugehörigen Schienenräder in Fahrtrichtung in entgegen gesetzten Richtungen voneinander weg bewegt und demgegenüber an der bogeninneren Seite aufeinander zu bewegt werden. Hieraus ergibt sich eine Schwenkung bzw. Wendebewegung der um eine gemeinsame Drehachse laufenden Radpaare in Bezug auf eine reelle oder durch die betreffenden Federelemente vorgegebene Hochachse. Da sich der Achsabstand zwischen den bogenäußeren Rädern vergrößert und zwischen den bogeninneren Rädern verkleinert, erfolgt demnach eine selbsttätige Wendebewegung der Radpaare hin zur bogenradialen Einstellung. Es erfolgt also eine passive Radialeinstellung der Radsätze an zweiachsigen Drehgestellen mit Primärfederung oder an Schienenfahrzeugwagen mit zwei einachsigen, gefederten Fahrwerken oder Drehgestellen. Dabei können die Lenkerstangen zugleich zur Übertragung von Brems- oder Antriebskräften zwischen den Radlagern und dem zugeordneten Wagenkasten herangezogen werden, wenn als Lastträger der Wagenkasten verwendet wird. Jedenfalls die Lenkerstangen eines Radpaares sind jeweils unter dem gleichen Neigungswinkel gegenüber der Radaufstandsebene geneigt, die durch die Radaufstandspunkte der Räder auf dem zu befahrenden Gleis bestimmt ist. Es erfolgt dann unter den verschiedenen Betriebsbedingungen jeweils eine symmetrische Schwenkung der zugehörigen Achse um 5 ihre Hochachse.In the construction of a rail vehicle according to the invention, the fact is used that when a rail vehicle with excess centrifugal force bends, for example also because the car body tilts radially outwards, a higher load on the wheels on the outside of the bow than on the wheels on the inside of the bow occurs. As a result, the associated load carrier in the area of the outer wheels is loaded more than on the inner side of the bow. As a result, the spring elements between the load carrier and the wheel carrier or the outer wheel carriers are additionally compressed in their longitudinal direction, so that the distance between the load carrier and the respective wheel carrier is reduced. On the inside of the arch, on the other hand, the wheels in question are relieved, as a result of which the distance between the load carrier and the respective wheel carrier increases in the vertical direction. This change in distance leads due to the certain inclination of the handlebars and their direct articulation on the one hand on the load carrier and on the other hand on the wheel carrier in question that the outer wheel carrier and thus the associated rail wheels in the direction of travel in opposite directions away from each other and on the other hand towards each other on the inside become. This results in a pivoting or turning movement of the wheel pairs running about a common axis of rotation with respect to a real vertical axis or a vertical axis specified by the relevant spring elements. Since the center distance between the wheels on the outside of the bend increases and decreases between the wheels on the inside of the bend, there is therefore an automatic turning movement of the wheel pairs towards the radial setting. There is therefore a passive radial adjustment of the wheel sets on two-axle bogies with primary suspension or on rail vehicle wagons with two single-axle, spring-loaded bogies or bogies. The handlebars can also be used to transmit braking or driving forces between the wheel bearings and the associated car body when the car body is used as a load carrier. In any case the handlebars of a pair of wheels are each inclined at the same angle of inclination with respect to the wheel contact plane, which is determined by the wheel contact points of the wheels on the track to be driven. A symmetrical pivoting of the associated axis about its vertical axis then takes place under the various operating conditions.
Weitere Einzelheiten der Erfindung sind nachfolgend anhand von schematischen Darstellungen einzelner Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert.Further details of the invention are explained in more detail below with the aid of schematic representations of individual exemplary embodiments.
") Es zeigen: ") It shows:
Fig. 1 ein Schienenfahrwerk in der Ausbildung als zweiachsiges Drehgestell mit darauf abgestütztem Wagenkasten eines Schienenfahrzeugs, Fig. 2 eine vergrößerte Darstellung einer Lenkeranordnung im Bereich eines Schienenrades mit Funktionsmaßeintragungen, 15 Fig. 3 ein Schienenfahrgerät in der Form eines hälftig dargestellten Schienenfahrzeugs, das zwei einachsige Drehgestelle aufweist und bei dem der Lastträger der Wagenkasten ist, Fig. 4 ein Schienenfahrgerät in der Form eines hälftig dargestellten Schienenfahrzeugs, das zwei einachsige Drehgestelle aufweist und bei dem der Drehgestellrahmen den 20 Lastträger bildet,1 shows a rail bogie in the form of a two-axle bogie with a car body of a rail vehicle supported thereon, 4 has a rail vehicle in the form of a rail vehicle shown in half, which has two uniaxial bogies and in which the bogie frame forms the 20 load carriers,
Fig. 5 ein Schienenfahrgerät in Form eines nur hälftig dargestellten Schienenfahrzeugs, bei dem der Wagenkasten über Federelemente unmittelbar auf den Radträgern von zwei einachsigen Laufwerken abgestützt ist und bei welchem die Lenkerstangen innerhalb des zwischen den Radpaaren vorhandenen Zwischenraums angeordnet 25 sind,5 shows a rail driving device in the form of a rail vehicle, only half of which is shown, in which the car body is supported directly on the wheel carriers by two uniaxial running gear by means of spring elements and in which the handlebars are arranged 25 within the space between the wheel pairs,
Fig. 6 ein Schienenfahrgerät in Form eines nur hälftig dargestellten Schienenfahrzeugs, bei dem der Wagenkasten über Federelemente unmi telbaV auf den Radträgem von zwei einachsigen Laufwerken abgestützt ist und bei dem die Lenkerstangen außerhalb des zwischen den Radpaaren vorhandenen Zwischenraums angeordnet 30 sind,6 shows a rail travel device in the form of a rail vehicle shown only in half, in which the car body is supported by spring elements unmi telbaV on the wheel supports of two uniaxial drives and in which the handlebars are arranged 30 outside the space between the wheel pairs,
Fig. 7 ein Schienenfahrgerät mit zwei getrennten Wagenkästen und einem die Enden dieser Wagenkästen unterstützenden zweiachsigen Jacobs-Drehgestell und Fig. 8 eine vergrößerte Ausschnittsdarstellung im Bereich eines Schienenrades mit zugeordneter Lenkerstange an einem Drehgestell in Draufsicht.Fig. 7 shows a rail vehicle with two separate car bodies and a two-axis Jacobs bogie supporting the ends of these car bodies and Fig. 8 is an enlarged sectional view in the region of a rail wheel with an associated handlebar on a bogie in plan view.
Gemäß Figur 1 bildet ein zweiachsiges Drehgestell ein Schienenfahrgerät, bei dem die beidendig abgekröpften Längsträger eines Drehgestellrahmens 1 unter Zwischenschaltung von jeweils zwei Primärfederelementen 2 auf jeweils einem zweiarmigen Radträger 3 abgestützt ist. Den vier Radträgern 3 ist dabei jeweils ein Schienenrad 4 zugeordnet, wobei jeweils zwei achsengleich angeordnete Schienenräder 4 ein Radpaar mit gemeinsamer Achse oder Welle 5 bilden. Zwei in Laufrichtung hintereinander angeordnete Schienenräder 4 stehen dabei an Aufstandspunkten 6 jeweils auf einer Schiene 7 des aktuell befahrenen Schienengleises. An jeden Radträger 3 ist an einem Anlenkpunkt 8 eine Lenkerstange 9 schwenkbeweglich angelenkt, deren anderes Ende ebenfalls über Anlenkpunkte 10 unmittelbar über eine Konsole 13 am Lastträger, vorliegend am Drehgestellrahmen 1 wiederum schwenkbeweglich angelenkt ist. Die beiden einer Welle 5 zugeordneten Schienenräder 4 können auf der Welle 5 freilaufend als Losräder oder mit der Welle 5 starr gekoppelt als Radsatz ausgebildet sein. Die Primärfederelemente 2 sind nicht nur zur Lasttragung in ihrer senkrechten Längsrichtung sondern auch in Querrichtung, also auch parallel zu der die vier Aufstandspunkte 6 aufnehmenden Ebene elastisch auslenkbar, so daß die Radsätze für sich wendebeweglich um eine virtuelle Hochachse gegenüber dem Drehgestellrahmen 1 gelagert sind. Die Radsätze können jedoch auch um eine reelle mittige Hochachse schwenkbar am Drehgestellrahmen 1 gelagert sein. Die Lenkerstangen 9 ragen von den Achsen 5 bzw. den zugehörigen Radträgern 3 aus aufeinander zu und sind dementsprechend an den Anlenkpunkten 10 im Zwischenraum zwischen den Radpaaren am Lastträger (Drehgestellrahmen 1 ) angelenkt. Dabei liegt der Anlenkpunkt 10 am Drehgestellrahmen 1 gegenüber der die Aufstandspunkte 6 aufnehmenden Ebene höher als die Anlenkpunkte 8 der Anlenkstangen 9 am jeweiligen Radträger 3.According to FIG. 1, a biaxial bogie forms a rail vehicle, in which the longitudinal members of a bogie frame 1, which are bent at both ends, are supported on two-armed wheel carriers 3 with the interposition of two primary spring elements 2. The four wheel carriers 3 are each assigned a rail wheel 4, two rail wheels 4 arranged in the same axis each forming a wheel pair with a common axis or shaft 5. Two rail wheels 4 arranged one behind the other in the running direction stand at contact points 6 each on a rail 7 of the rail track currently being traveled on. A handlebar 9 is pivotally articulated on each wheel carrier 3 at an articulation point 8, the other end of which is likewise articulated in an articulated manner via articulation points 10 directly via a bracket 13 on the load carrier, in this case on the bogie frame 1. The two rail wheels 4 assigned to a shaft 5 can be designed to run freely on the shaft 5 as idler wheels or rigidly coupled to the shaft 5 as a wheel set. The primary spring elements 2 are not only elastically deflectable for load carrying in their vertical longitudinal direction but also in the transverse direction, that is also parallel to the plane receiving the four contact points 6, so that the wheel sets are mounted for rotation about a virtual vertical axis relative to the bogie frame 1. However, the wheel sets can also be mounted on the bogie frame 1 so as to be pivotable about a real central vertical axis. The handlebars 9 project from each other from the axles 5 or the associated wheel carriers 3 and are accordingly articulated at the articulation points 10 in the space between the wheel pairs on the load carrier (bogie frame 1). The articulation point 10 on the bogie frame 1 is higher than the articulation points 8 of the articulation rods 9 on the respective wheel carrier 3 relative to the plane receiving the contact points 6.
Ein Wagenkasten 1 1 eines Schienenfahrzeugs ist über zwei quer zur Fahrtrichtung des Drehgestells mit Abstand nebeneinander angeordnete Sekundärfederelemente 12 jeweils im Bereich der Längsträger des Drehgestells 1 im abgesenkten Mittelabschnitt abgestützt. Bei Änderung der Gewichtsbelastung des Drehgestellrahmens verändert sich auf Grund der Wirkung der Primärfederelemente 2 sein Höhenabstand gegenüber dem jeweiligen Radträger 3 bzw. der durch die Aufstandspunkte 6 bestimmten Ebene. Durch die unmittelbare Anlenkung der Lenkerstangen 9 im Anlenkpunkt 10 am Drehgestellrahmen 1 wird somit auch deren Höhenlage entsprechend verändert. Bei einer Erhöhung der Gewichtsbelastung vermindert sich demnach der Höhenabstand zwischen den Anlenkpunkten 10 und der genannten Ebene, während der Höhenabstand zwischen den Anlenkpunkten 8 und dieser Ebene unverändert bleibt. Da sich die Anlenkpunkte 10 senkrecht zu der Aufstandsebene bewegen, vergrößert sich bei entsprechender Verminderung des Neigungswinkels der Lenkerstangen deren wirksame Länge in senkrechter Projektion auf diese Ebene, bzw. auf die die Längsmittellinien der Wellen 5 aufnehmende Ebene, so daß der jeweilige Anlenkpunkt 8 und damit der zugehörige Radträger 3 bzw. das Schienenrad 4 vom Anlenkpunkt 10 in Laufrichtung weggedrückt wird. Erfolgt eine Entlastung des Drehgestellrahmens 1 , dann bewegt sich der jeweilige Anlenkpunkt 10 nach oben von der Aufstandsebene bzw. der Achsebene weg, wodurch sich die wirksame, aus der senkrechten Projektion ergebende Länge der jeweiligen Anlenkstange 9 vermindert und der betreffende Anlenkpunkt 8 und damit der Radträger 3 bzw. das Schienenrad 4 zum zugehörigen Anlenkpunkt 10 hin gezogen wird. Bei gleichmäßiger Belastung des Drehgestellrahmens 1 erfolgt demnach lediglich eine Parallelverschiebung der Achsen 5, die zu einer Vergrößerung oder Verkleinerung des Abstandes zwischen den Längsmittellinien der Achsen 5 führt. Änderungen des Beladungsgewichts des Wagenkastens 1 1 führen somit zu keiner Lenkbewegung der Radpaare, nachdem die Beladung des Wagenkastens nach den geltenden Regeln weitgehend symmetrisch zu erfolgen hat.A car body 11 of a rail vehicle is supported via two secondary spring elements 12, which are arranged next to one another at a distance transversely to the direction of travel of the bogie, in each case in the region of the longitudinal members of the bogie 1 in the lowered central section. When changing the weight load of the bogie frame changes due to the effect of the primary spring elements 2, its height distance from the respective wheel carrier 3 or the level determined by the contact points 6. Due to the direct articulation of the handlebars 9 in the articulation point 10 on the bogie frame 1, their height is also changed accordingly. When the weight load is increased, the height distance between the articulation points 10 and said plane decreases, while the height distance between the articulation points 8 and this plane remains unchanged. Since the articulation points 10 move perpendicular to the contact plane, with a corresponding reduction in the angle of inclination of the handlebars, their effective length increases in a vertical projection onto this plane, or onto the plane receiving the longitudinal center lines of the shafts 5, so that the respective articulation point 8 and thus the associated wheel carrier 3 or the rail wheel 4 is pushed away from the articulation point 10 in the running direction. If the bogie frame 1 is relieved, the respective articulation point 10 moves upward away from the contact plane or the axial plane, as a result of which the effective length of the respective articulation rod 9 resulting from the vertical projection is reduced and the articulation point 8 in question and thus the wheel carrier 3 or the rail wheel 4 is pulled towards the associated articulation point 10. With uniform loading of the bogie frame 1, therefore, only a parallel displacement of the axes 5 takes place, which leads to an increase or decrease in the distance between the longitudinal center lines of the axes 5. Changes in the loading weight of the car body 1 1 thus do not lead to a steering movement of the wheel pairs after the loading of the car body has to be carried out largely symmetrically according to the applicable rules.
Durchfährt das Schienenfahrzeug dagegen einen Gleisbogen, dann neigt sich insbesondere der Wagenkasten 1 1 infolge der auftretenden Fliehkräfte nach bogenaußen, so daß der bogenäußere Längsträger des Drehgestellrahmens 1 mit einer erhöhten Gewichtskraft belastet wird, während der bogeninnere Längsträger in der Regel entlastet wird. Durch die fliehkraftbedingte erhöhte Gewichtsbelastung des bogenäußeren Längsträgers des Drehgestellrahmens 1 werden somit die bogenäußeren Radträger 3 voneinander weggedrückt, so daß sich der Abstand der Wellen 5 bogenaußen vergrößert. Wird der bogeninnere Längsträger des Drehgestells dabei entlastet, dann wird der Abstand zwischen den bogeninneren Radträgern 3 entsprechend vermindert. Die Wellen 5 der beiden Radpaare 4,4; 4,4 werden demnach durch die bei Bogenfahrt auftretenden Fliehkräfte selbsttätig hin zu einer radialen Einstellung gegenüber dem Gleisbogen 5 gewendet. Hiermit wird somit durch einfache Mittel der Spurkranzverschleiß sehr gering, die Schallabstrahlung entsprechend vermindert und daher niedrige Y- Kräfte zwischen Rad und Schiene, also quer zur Laufrichtung erzielt. Nachdem die maximale Fliehbeschleunigung an Schienenfahrzeugen in Bögen vorgegeben ist, kann durch Variation der Federsteifigkeit der Primärfedern sowie durch entsprechende Wahl der Länge i0 und der Anstellwinkel der Lenkerstangen insbesondere für den gebräuchlichsten Bogenradius des Gleises eine ideale Radialeinstellung der Radpaare erreicht werden.If the rail vehicle, on the other hand, traverses a track curve, then in particular the car body 1 1 tilts to the outside of the bow as a result of the centrifugal forces that occur, so that the outside rail of the bogie frame 1 is loaded with an increased weight, while the inside rail is generally relieved. Due to the centrifugal force increased weight load of the outer side member of the bogie frame 1, the outer wheel carrier 3 are thus pushed away from each other, so that the distance between the shafts 5 increases outside the arc. Will the Relieved inside the longitudinal member of the bogie, then the distance between the inner wheel carrier 3 is reduced accordingly. The shafts 5 of the two pairs of wheels 4, 4; 4, 4 are therefore automatically turned towards a radial setting with respect to the track curve 5 by the centrifugal forces occurring when traveling through bends. This means that the wear on the flanges is very low by simple means, the sound radiation is correspondingly reduced and therefore low Y-forces between the wheel and the rail, that is to say transversely to the running direction, are achieved. After the maximum centrifugal acceleration on rail vehicles in bends is specified, an ideal radial setting of the wheel pairs can be achieved by varying the spring stiffness of the primary springs and by choosing the length i0 and the angle of attack of the handlebars, especially for the most common arc radius of the track.
Gemäß der in Fig. 2 unmaßstäblich veranschaulichten Funktionsweise wandert der Anlenkpunkt 10 beim Einfedern des Drehgestells 1 um den Weg f senkrecht nach untenAccording to the method of operation, which is illustrated to scale in FIG. 2, the articulation point 10 moves vertically downward by the distance f when the bogie 1 is deflected
15 und vermindert dabei den Neigungswinkel φ der Lenkerstange 9. Dadurch wird der15 and thereby reduces the angle of inclination φ of the handlebar 9
Anlenkpunkt 8 und damit der Mittelpunkt 5.1 der Welle 5 um den Weg Δ I nach links vom Anlenkpunkt 10 weggedrückt in die Position 5.1 1. Dementsprechend erfährt die Welle 5 eine Wendebewegung, wenn das andere, der Welle 5 zugeordnete Rad weniger belastet wird als das dargestellte Rad 4.Articulation point 8 and thus the center point 5.1 of the shaft 5 pushed to the left of the articulation point 10 by the path Δ I to the position 5.1 1. Accordingly, the shaft 5 undergoes a turning movement when the other wheel assigned to the shaft 5 is loaded less than the one shown Bike 4.
2020
Bei dem Schienenfahrgerät gemäß Figur 3 bildet der Wagenkasten 1 1 eines Schienenfahrzeugs den Lastträger, der über Sekundärfedern 12 auf einem Drehgestellrahmen 1 eines einachsigen Drehgestells abgestützt ist. Der Drehgestellrahmen 1 seinerseits stützt sich in gleicher Weise wie gemäß Figur 1 über zweiIn the rail driving device according to FIG. 3, the car body 11 of a rail vehicle forms the load carrier, which is supported by secondary springs 12 on a bogie frame 1 of a single-axle bogie. The bogie frame 1 in turn is supported in the same way as shown in Figure 1 over two
25 als Wendelfedern dargestellte Primärfederelemente 2 auf dem jeweiligen Radträger 3 des zugehörigen Schienenrades 4 ab. Die Lenkerstange 9 erstreckt sich hier vom Anlenkpunkt 8 am Radträger 3 über den Drehgestellrahmen 1 hinweg bis unmittelbar an den dort am Wagenkasten 1 1 an einer Konsole 13 vorgesehenen Anlenkpunkt 10. Der dem Lastträger (Wagenkasten 1 1 ) zugeordnete Anlenkpunkt 10 der Lenkerstange 9 liegt auch hier25 primary spring elements 2 shown as helical springs on the respective wheel carrier 3 of the associated rail wheel 4. The handlebar 9 extends here from the articulation point 8 on the wheel carrier 3 over the bogie frame 1 to directly to the articulation point 10 provided there on the car body 11 on a bracket 13. The articulation point 10 of the handlebar 9 assigned to the load carrier (car body 11) is also located here
30 oberhalb des Anlenkpunktes 8 am Radträger 3 in Bezug auf die Aufstandsebene der Räder 4. Die ebenfalls in Draufsicht in Laufrichtung des Drehgestells sich erstreckenden Lenkerstangen 9 sind vom betreffenden Radträger 3 nach oben zum mittleren Abschnitt des Wagenkastens 1 1 hin geneigt. Dabei ist am anderen, in der Figur rechts liegenden, nicht dargestellten Teil des Wagenkastens 1 1 ein weiteres Drehgestell vorgesehen, das vorzugsweise in spiegelbildlicher Ausbildung und Anordnung unter dem betreffenden Teil des Wagenkastens 1 1 sitzt. Wenn das so aufgebaute Schienenfahrgerät in einem Schienenbogen läuft, werden durch die auftretenden Fliehkräfte wiederum die bogenäußere Sekundärfeder 12 und auch die zugehörigen Primärfedern 2 des jeweiligen Drehgestells stärker als bei Geradeausfahrt belastet mit der Folge, daß durch die dabei auftretende Absenkung des Anlenkpunktes 10 der Radträger 3 und damit die Achse 5 bogenaußenseitig im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel nach links bzw. zum freien nächstliegenden Ende des Wagenkastens 1 1 hin verschoben wird. Wenn sich dabei der bogeninnere Anlenkpunkt 10 nach oben von der Aufstandsebene der Räder 4 weg entfernt, wird der dort angeordnete Radträger in der Gegenrichtung, also zur Mitte des Wagenkastens 1 hin bewegt. Hieraus resultiert die angestrebte Verstellung der Achse 5 hin zu einer bogenradialen Einstellung gegenüber dem aktuell durchfahrenen Gleisbogen. Bei diesem Aufbau übergreifen die Lenkerstangen 10 nicht nur den Bereich der30 above the articulation point 8 on the wheel carrier 3 in relation to the contact plane of the wheels 4. The handlebar rods 9, which likewise extend in a top view in the running direction of the bogie, are upward from the relevant wheel carrier 3 to the middle section of the car body 1 1 inclined. A further bogie is provided on the other part of the car body 11, which is not shown in the figure on the right, and which preferably sits in a mirror-image configuration and arrangement under the relevant part of the car body 11. If the rail travel device constructed in this way runs in a rail curve, the centrifugal forces that occur in turn place a greater load on the secondary spring 12 on the outside of the arch and also on the associated primary springs 2 of the respective bogie than when driving straight ahead, with the result that the resulting reduction in the articulation point 10 causes the wheel carrier 3 and thus the axis 5 on the outside of the arc in the illustrated embodiment is shifted to the left or to the free nearest end of the car body 11. If the articulation point 10 on the inside of the arch moves away from the contact plane of the wheels 4, the wheel carrier arranged there is moved in the opposite direction, ie towards the center of the body 1. This results in the desired adjustment of axis 5 towards an arc-radial setting in relation to the track arch currently being driven through. With this structure, the handlebars 10 not only overlap the area of the
Primärfederelemente sondern auch den der Sekundärfederelemente, so daß der Stellweg für die Lenkerstangen sowohl durch den Federweg der Primär- wie der Sekundärfedern beeinflußt wird.Primary spring elements but also that of the secondary spring elements, so that the travel for the handlebars is influenced by both the spring travel of the primary and secondary springs.
Bei der Anordnung nach Figur 4 ist bei sonst gleichem Aufbau wie nach Figur 3 die jeweilige Lenkerstange 9 nicht am Wagenkasten 1 1 , sondern an dem hier als Lastträger wirkenden Drehgestellrahmen 1 angelenkt. Auch hier ist die Lenkerstange 9 so angeordnet, daß sie vom Anlenkpunkt 8 am Radträger 3 nach oben geneigt zum weiteren Anlenkpunkt 10 geführt ist und wiederum zum mittleren Teil des Wagenkastens 1 1 weist. Auch hier ist vorzugsweise ein entsprechend ausgebildetes Drehgestell in spiegelbildlicher Anordnung unter dem vorliegend ebenfalls nicht dargestellten rechten Abschnitt des Wagenkastens 1 1 vorgesehen. Die Verstellfunktion der Lenker 9 in Bezug auf die Achse 5 ist dabei analog der zu Figur 1 und 2 beschriebenen Arbeitsweise. Es wird also bei einer Belastung des bogenäußeren Teils des Drehgestells 1 das dargestellte bogenäußere Schienenrad 4 bzw. dessen Achse 5 zum links dargestellten, nächstliegenden Ende des betreffenden Wagenkastens 1 hin und damit in Richtung der bogenradialen Ausrichtung verstellt. Am nicht dargestellten, spiegelbildlich angeordneten rechten Einachs- Drehgestell erfolgt unter den gleichen Bedingungen dementsprechend eine Verstellung der Radachse zum benachbarten rechten freien Wagenkastenende hin und damit ebenfalls hin zur bogenradialen Einstellung der zugehörigen Achse.In the arrangement according to FIG. 4, the respective handlebar 9 is not articulated on the body 1 1, but rather on the bogie frame 1, which acts here as a load carrier, with the same structure as in FIG. 3. Here, too, the handlebar 9 is arranged in such a way that it is inclined upwards from the articulation point 8 on the wheel carrier 3 to the further articulation point 10 and in turn points to the middle part of the car body 11. Here, too, a correspondingly designed bogie is preferably provided in a mirror-image arrangement under the right section of the car body 11, which is likewise not shown here. The adjustment function of the handlebars 9 with respect to the axis 5 is analogous to the method of operation described in relation to FIGS. 1 and 2. Thus, when the outer part of the bogie 1 is loaded, the outer rail wheel 4 shown or its axis 5 is adjusted towards the nearest left end of the car body 1 shown on the left and thus in the direction of the radial alignment. On the right-hand uniaxial Under the same conditions, the bogie is adjusted accordingly to the adjacent right free end of the car body and thus also to the radial alignment of the associated axle.
Entsprechend Figur 5 weist das Schienenfahrgerät wiederum einen Wagenkasten 1 1 als Lastträger auf, der über Federelemente 2 unmittelbar auf zweiarmigen Radträgern 3 eines einachsigen Laufwerks abgestützt ist. Die Federelemente entsprechen dabei im wesentlichen den Primärfedern 2 gemäß den vorbeschriebenen Figuren. Die Lenkerstangen 9 laufen hier vom Anlenkpunkt 8 am betreffenden Radträger 3 wiederum nach oben zu dem mit dem Wagenkasten 1 1 verbundenen weiteren Anlenkpunkt 10 und weisen zum mittleren Abschnitt des Wagenkastens 11 hin. Unter dem Wagenkasten ist am nicht dargestellten rechten Ende ein weiteres, vorzugsweise in gleicher Weise aufgebautes, aber spiegelbildlich angeordnetes Laufwerk vorgesehen. Für die Wendebewegung der Achse 5 wird hier direkt der senkrechte Hub des Anlenkpunktes 10 ausgenutzt, der unmittelbar am Wagenkasten 1 1 festgesetzt ist. Der Hub ergibt sich dabei aus den am Wagenkasten auftretenden Kräften und den Federungseigenschaften der den Wagenkasten 10 stützenden Federelemente 2.According to Figure 5, the rail vehicle again has a car body 1 1 as a load carrier, which is supported via spring elements 2 directly on two-armed wheel carriers 3 of a single-axle running gear. The spring elements essentially correspond to the primary springs 2 according to the previously described figures. The handlebars 9 here run from the articulation point 8 on the wheel carrier 3 in question upwards to the further articulation point 10 connected to the car body 11 and point to the middle section of the car body 11. Under the car body at the right end, not shown, there is another drive, preferably constructed in the same way, but arranged in mirror image. For the turning movement of the axis 5, the vertical stroke of the articulation point 10 is used here, which is fixed directly on the car body 1 1. The stroke results from the forces occurring on the car body and the suspension properties of the spring elements 2 supporting the car body 10.
Bei der Anordnung nach Figur 6 ist ein Laufwerk entsprechend Figur 5 unter dem wiederum als Lastträger wirkenden Wagenkasten 1 1 angeordnet. Die Lenkerstange 9 fällt hier jedoch vom Anlenkpunkt 8 am Radträger 3 zur Radaufstandsebene bzw. zur Schiene 7 hin nach unten ab und ist mit ausreichendem Höhenabstand von der Schiene am dort vorgesehenen Anlenkpunkt 10 gehalten, wobei der Anlenkpunkt 10 wiederum an einer starr mit dem Wagenkasten 1 1 verbundenen, nach unten gerichteten Konsole 13 verbunden ist. Bei dieser Anordnung wird bei einem Absenken des bogenäußerenIn the arrangement according to FIG. 6, a drive according to FIG. 5 is arranged under the car body 11, which in turn acts as a load carrier. However, the handlebar 9 falls here from the articulation point 8 on the wheel carrier 3 down to the wheel contact surface or to the rail 7 and is held at a sufficient height distance from the rail at the articulation point 10 provided there, the articulation point 10 in turn being rigidly connected to the car body 1 1 connected, downward console 13 is connected. With this arrangement, when the outside of the arch is lowered
Wagenkastens und damit der Stütze 13 die in senkrechter Projektion gemessene Länge der bogenäußeren Lenkerstange 9 verkürzt, weil die Neigung der Lenkerstange 9 durch den nach unten wandernden Anlenkpunkt 10 bei konstanter Höhe des radträgerseitigen Anlenkpunkts 8 vergrößert wird. Dadurch erfährt die Achse 5 die erforderliche Wendebewegung an ihrem bogenäußeren Ende in Richtung zum rechten Ende des Wagenkastens 1 1 hin und damit in Richtung der bogenradialen Einstellung. In Figur 7 ist die Anwendung eines zweiachsigen Jacobs-Drehgestells als Schienenfahrwerk nach Figur 1 zwischen den Enden von zwei Wagenkästen 1 1 dargestellt. Hierbei wirken sich die Belastungsänderungen der beiden zu tragenden Wagenkästen weitgehend getrennt auf die jeweils darunter angeordneten Radpaare aus, so daß insbesondere an Bogenübergängen von Gleisen die Wendebewegung des jeweiligen Radpaares entsprechend dem Bogenabschnitt erfolgt, in dem sich der zugehörige Wagenkasten 1 1 aktuell befindet. Es ergibt sich dadurch ein Gesamtlenkwinkel an den Achsen 5, der dem mittleren Bogenradius angepaßt ist.Carriage body and thus the support 13 shortens the length of the outer handlebar 9 measured in vertical projection, because the inclination of the handlebar 9 is increased by the downwardly moving articulation point 10 at a constant height of the wheel carrier-side articulation point 8. As a result, the axis 5 experiences the required turning movement at its outer end toward the right end of the body 1 1 and thus in the direction of the radial adjustment. FIG. 7 shows the use of a two-axis Jacobs bogie as a rail undercarriage according to FIG. 1 between the ends of two car bodies 11. Here, the changes in load of the two car bodies to be carried have a largely separate effect on the wheel pairs arranged below them, so that, in particular at arch transitions of tracks, the turning movement of the respective wheel pair takes place in accordance with the arc section in which the associated car body 1 1 is currently located. This results in an overall steering angle on the axles 5, which is adapted to the mean arc radius.
"- Aus der vergrößerten, in Fig. 8 gezeigten Teildarstellung im Bereich eines Schienenrades 4 und des zugeordneten Lenkerhebels 9 ergibt sich, daß die Lenkerstange 9 in Draufsicht parallel zur Laufrichtung des Schienenrades 4 gerichtet ist."- From the enlarged partial view shown in Fig. 8 in the region of a rail wheel 4 and the associated handlebar lever 9, it follows that the handlebar 9 is directed parallel to the running direction of the rail wheel 4 in plan view.
Die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung ist für klassische Radsätze einsetzbar, besonders ist sieThe arrangement according to the invention can be used for classic wheel sets, it is special
15 jedoch geeignet bei Verwendung von Losradsätzen, die keine Selbstlenkkräfte im Gleisbogen mangels einer starren Achsverbindung der beiden Räder erzeugen. Die Lenkerstangen 9 können längenveränderbar sein, um die parallele Ausrichtung der zusammengehörigen Wellen 5 justieren zu können, wenn ein gerades Gleis vorhanden ist. An den Anlenkstellen 8 und/oder 10 können die Lenkerstangen 9 wahlweise mit 0 elastischen oder unelastischen Lagern versehen sein. Dabei ist die Anwendung wenigstens eines gummielastischen Lagers besonders bei Radsätzen, deren Räder auf einer gemeinsamen Welle festgesetzt sind, von Vorteil, weil dann auch aus der Rad-Schiene- Geometrie erwachsende Kräfte für die funktionsgerechte Wendebewegung genutzt werden können. Zudem kann der Neigungswinkel der Lenkerstangen 9 unterschiedlich gewählt 5 werden, abhängig vom angestrebtem Lenkwinkel der Achsen 5 bei vorgegebener Neigung des Wagenkastens 1 1.Die Neigung kann dabei bis zu etwa 45 Winkelgrade betragen und wird vorzugsweise kleiner als 20 Grad gewählt. Im übrigen wird die Neigung der Lenkerstangen 9 gegebenenfalls mittels höhenverstellbar angeordneten Anlenkstellen 8 und/oder 10 insbesondere so eingestellt, daß bei parallel zueinander ausgerichteten 0 Achsen 5 die Verlängerung der gedachten Mittellängsachseπ der Lenkerstangen 9 jeweils die gedachte Mittellängsachse der zugehörigen Radachse schneidet 15 but suitable when using idler gear sets that do not generate self-steering forces in the track curve due to the lack of a rigid axle connection of the two wheels. The handlebars 9 can be adjustable in length in order to be able to adjust the parallel alignment of the associated shafts 5 if a straight track is present. At the articulation points 8 and / or 10, the handlebars 9 can optionally be provided with 0 elastic or inelastic bearings. The use of at least one rubber-elastic bearing is particularly advantageous in the case of wheelsets whose wheels are fixed on a common shaft, because then forces arising from the wheel-rail geometry can also be used for the functional reversing movement. In addition, the angle of inclination of the handlebars 9 can be selected 5 differently, depending on the desired steering angle of the axles 5 for a given inclination of the body 1 1. The inclination can be up to about 45 degrees and is preferably chosen to be less than 20 degrees. In addition, the inclination of the handlebars 9 is optionally adjusted by means of height-adjustable articulation points 8 and / or 10 in particular so that, with 0 axes 5 aligned parallel to one another, the extension of the imaginary central longitudinal axis π of the handlebar rods 9 intersects the imaginary central longitudinal axis of the associated wheel axis

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Schienenfahrgerät mit einem Lastträger, der über wenigstens ein Federelement auf zwei (achsengleichen) in Laufrichtung hintereinander angeordneten Radpaaren abgestützt ist1. Rail travel device with a load carrier, which is supported by at least one spring element on two (axially aligned) wheel pairs arranged one behind the other in the running direction
5 und mit einer etwa in Radlaufrichtung verlaufenden Lenkerstange je Rad, die jeweils einendig über Anlenkpunkte benachbart zum zugehörigen Rad mit dessen Radträger und am anderen Ende mit dem Lastträger gekoppelt ist, wobei die Radpaare wendebeweglich gegenüber dem Lastträger gelagert sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lenkerstangen (9) jeweils unmittelbar am Lastträger (1 ) ιθ an Anlenkpunkten (10) angelenkt sind, daß in Bezug auf die durch die Aufstandspunkte (6) der Räder (4) auf den Schienen (7) bestimmte Ebene die Anlenkpunkte (10) der Lenkerstangen (9) wenigstens eines Radpaares (4,4; 4,4) am Lastträger (1 ) a) entweder oberhalb der Anlenkpunkte (8) der Lenkerstangen (9) am zugehörigen 15 Radträger (3) liegen, wenn die Lenkerstangen (9) innerhalb des zwischen den5 and with an approximately in the wheel running handlebar per wheel, which is coupled at one end via articulation points adjacent to the associated wheel with its wheel carrier and at the other end with the load carrier, the wheel pairs being movably mounted relative to the load carrier, characterized in that the handlebars (9) are each articulated directly on the load carrier (1) ιθ at articulation points (10) that in relation to the plane determined by the contact points (6) of the wheels (4) on the rails (7), the articulation points (10) of the handlebars (9) at least one pair of wheels (4,4; 4,4) on the load carrier (1) a) either lie above the articulation points (8) of the handlebars (9) on the associated 15 wheel carrier (3) when the handlebars (9) are inside the between the
Radpaaren (4,4; 4,4) in Radlaufrichtung vorhandenen Zwischenraums angeordnet sind, b) oder unterhalb der Anlenkpunkte (8) der Lenkerstangen (9) am zugehörigen Radträger (3) liegen, wenn die Lenkerstangen (9) außerhalb des zwischen den Radpaaren (4,4; 4,4) in Radlaufrichtung vorhandene Zwischenraums angeordnet sind.Wheel pairs (4,4; 4,4) are arranged in the wheel arch direction, b) or below the articulation points (8) of the handlebars (9) on the associated wheel carrier (3) if the handlebars (9) outside of between the wheel pairs (4,4; 4,4) existing space in the wheel arch direction are arranged.
2020
2. Schienenfahrgerät nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Lastträger (1 ) ein zweiachsiges Drehgestell ist, das sich je über zwei symmetrisch zur Achse (5) der zugehörigen Räder (4) angeordnete, längs- und querelastische Primärfederelemente (2) auf dem Radträger (3) jedes Rades (4) abstützt und auf dem über wenigstens ein2. Rail travel device according to claim 1, characterized in that the load carrier (1) is a biaxial bogie which is arranged over two symmetrically to the axis (5) of the associated wheels (4), longitudinally and transversely elastic primary spring elements (2) on the Wheel carrier (3) supports each wheel (4) and on the at least one
25 Sekundärfederelement (12) zumindest ein Wagenkasten (1 1 ) eines Schienenfahrzeugs abgestützt ist.25 secondary spring element (12) at least one car body (1 1) of a rail vehicle is supported.
3. Schienenfahrgerät nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Lastträger (1) der Drehgestellrahmen eines einachsigen Drehgestells ist, das sich je über zwei3. Rail travel device according to claim 1, characterized in that the load carrier (1) is the bogie frame of a uniaxial bogie, each of two
30 symmetrisch zur Achse (5) der beiden zugehörigen Räder (4) angeordnete längs- und querelastische Primärfederelemente (2) auf dem Radträger (3) jedes Rades (4) abstützt und auf dem über wenigstens ein Sekundärfederelement (12) zumindest ein Wagenkasten (1 1 ) eines Schienenfahrzeugs abgestützt ist.30 longitudinally and transversely elastic primary spring elements (2) arranged symmetrically to the axis (5) of the two associated wheels (4) are supported on the wheel carrier (3) of each wheel (4) and on which at least one car body (11) of a rail vehicle is supported via at least one secondary spring element (12).
4. Schienenfahrgerät nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Lastträger (1) ein 5 einachsiges Laufwerk ist, auf dem über je zwei symmetrisch zur Achse (5) der beiden zugehörigen Räder (4) angeordnete längs- und querelastische Federelemente (2) ein Wagenkasten (1 1 ) eines Schienenfahrzeugs abgestützt ist.4. Rail travel device according to claim 1, characterized in that the load carrier (1) is a 5 uniaxial drive, on each of two symmetrically to the axis (5) of the two associated wheels (4) arranged longitudinally and transversely elastic spring elements (2) Car body (1 1) of a rail vehicle is supported.
5. Schienenfahrgerät nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Lastträger (1 ) ein 10 Wagenkasten (1 1) ist, der sich über Sekundärfederelemente (12) auf einem5. Rail travel device according to claim 1, characterized in that the load carrier (1) is a 10 car body (1 1), which is on secondary spring elements (12)
Drehgestellrahmen (1 ) abstützt, welcher sich über Primärfederelemente (2) auf den Radträgern (3) abstützt.Bogie frame (1) is supported, which is supported on the wheel carriers (3) via primary spring elements (2).
6. Schienenfahrgerät nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch6. Rail running device according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized
15 gekennzeichnet, daß die Lenkerstangen (9) jeweils unter dem gleichen Neigungswinkel (φ) gegenüber der durch die Aufstandspunkte (6) der Räder (4) bestimmte Ebene geneigt sind.15 characterized in that the handlebars (9) are each inclined at the same angle of inclination (φ) with respect to the plane determined by the contact points (6) of the wheels (4).
7. Schienenfahrgerät nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Neigungswinke! (φ) bis zu 45 Winkelgrade beträgt, vorzugsweise kleiner als 20 Grad ist. '207. Rail travel device according to claim 6, characterized in that the inclination angle! (φ) is up to 45 degrees, preferably less than 20 degrees. '20
8 . Schienenfahrgerät nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei parallel zueinander ausgerichteten Achsen (5) der beiden Radpaare (4,4; 4,4) die Verlängerung der gedachten Mittelachsen der Lenkerstangen (9) jeweils die gedachte Mittelachse der zugehörigen Radachse schneidet.8th . Rail travel device according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that in the case of axes (5) of the two wheel pairs (4, 4; 4, 4) aligned parallel to one another, the extension of the imaginary center axes of the handlebars (9) in each case the imaginary center axis of the associated one Intersects the wheel axle.
25 25
EP01983504A 2000-09-27 2001-09-26 Railway undercarriage with a radially adjustable wheel axles Expired - Lifetime EP1395477B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK01983504T DK1395477T3 (en) 2000-09-27 2001-09-26 Rail driver with radial wheel axle adjustment

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10047737A DE10047737A1 (en) 2000-09-27 2000-09-27 Rail vehicle with a load carrier
DE10047737 2000-09-27
PCT/EP2001/011099 WO2002026542A1 (en) 2000-09-27 2001-09-26 Railway undercarriage with a radially adjustable wheel axles

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1395477A1 true EP1395477A1 (en) 2004-03-10
EP1395477B1 EP1395477B1 (en) 2004-12-29

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01983504A Expired - Lifetime EP1395477B1 (en) 2000-09-27 2001-09-26 Railway undercarriage with a radially adjustable wheel axles

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US7066095B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1395477B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE285922T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2423600C (en)
DE (2) DE10047737A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2234913T3 (en)
PT (1) PT1395477E (en)
WO (1) WO2002026542A1 (en)

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ES2478279T3 (en) 2011-07-28 2014-07-21 Bombardier Transportation Gmbh Rail vehicle with self-driving undercarriage
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CN105460040B (en) * 2016-01-04 2017-08-11 西南交通大学 A kind of radial steering mechanism
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CN113212620B (en) * 2021-06-11 2022-05-03 浙江群英车业有限公司 Electrodynamic balance swing car

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1395477B1 (en) 2004-12-29
DE10047737A1 (en) 2002-04-11
WO2002026542A1 (en) 2002-04-04
US7066095B2 (en) 2006-06-27
CA2423600A1 (en) 2003-03-26
US20040112248A1 (en) 2004-06-17
CA2423600C (en) 2011-07-05
DE50104999D1 (en) 2005-02-03
PT1395477E (en) 2005-03-31
ATE285922T1 (en) 2005-01-15
ES2234913T3 (en) 2005-07-01

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