EP1385652A1 - Hydro-mechanical clamp in particular for transverse extrusion - Google Patents

Hydro-mechanical clamp in particular for transverse extrusion

Info

Publication number
EP1385652A1
EP1385652A1 EP02719598A EP02719598A EP1385652A1 EP 1385652 A1 EP1385652 A1 EP 1385652A1 EP 02719598 A EP02719598 A EP 02719598A EP 02719598 A EP02719598 A EP 02719598A EP 1385652 A1 EP1385652 A1 EP 1385652A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hydraulic
piston
hydraulic piston
hydraulic cylinder
individual
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02719598A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1385652B1 (en
Inventor
Klaus Siegert
Aribert Schwager
Manfred Kammerer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hatebur Umformmaschinen AG
Original Assignee
Hatebur Umformmaschinen AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hatebur Umformmaschinen AG filed Critical Hatebur Umformmaschinen AG
Publication of EP1385652A1 publication Critical patent/EP1385652A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1385652B1 publication Critical patent/EP1385652B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/21—Presses specially adapted for extruding metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/02—Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging

Definitions

  • Hydraulic-mechanical locking device especially for cross extrusion
  • the invention relates to a hydraulic-mechanical locking device, in particular for cross-extrusion of workpieces, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a workpiece is pressurized between two punches in such a way that part of the material - transversely to the pressing direction - in the die halves formed cavities flows.
  • a hydraulic locking device for cross-extruding workpieces which has two die halves which can be moved and locked relative to one another and two press rams which can be moved at the same speed relative to the closed die halves, with a first hydraulic piston on which the first Half of the die is arranged in an axially movable first hydraulic cylinder, and a second hydraulic piston is displaceably mounted in a fixed second hydraulic cylinder.
  • the first press stamp is attached to a support plate via a stamp carrier, which is connected to the ram.
  • the second die half is arranged fixed in space and the second press ram is attached to the second hydraulic piston, which can be acted upon by a pressure medium that can be displaced by the first hydraulic piston during transverse extrusion.
  • Both hydraulic pistons have the same piston surfaces.
  • the first hydraulic cylinder is arranged on a press ram, the second die on the second hydraulic cylinder.
  • Both hydraulic cylinders are connected via an external pressure line to a pressure system that can be fed with pressure medium.
  • the external high-pressure hose connection between the two hydraulic cylinders is disadvantageous because this moving high-pressure hose is currently only permissible for pressures up to 1000 bar.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a generic locking device, in particular for cross extrusion of workpieces, which has a simple and compact structure and is designed without an external pressure medium connection between the first hydraulic cylinder and the second hydraulic cylinder.
  • the hydraulic-mechanical locking device has two die halves which can be moved relative to one another and can be locked together, and two press rams which can be moved at the same speed relative to the closed die halves.
  • the first die half is arranged on a first hydraulic piston, the first hydraulic piston being guided in an axially movable first hydraulic cylinder.
  • a second hydraulic piston is slidably mounted in a second hydraulic cylinder fixed to the frame.
  • the second die half is fixed to the frame and the second press ram is arranged on the second hydraulic piston.
  • the first hydraulic cylinder is connected to at least a third hydraulic cylinder in which a third hydraulic piston is guided,
  • the third hydraulic piston engages a fourth hydraulic piston which is guided in a fourth hydraulic cylinder fixed to the frame and has a connection to the second hydraulic cylinder,
  • the pressure medium displaced from the first hydraulic cylinder during a feed movement flows into the third hydraulic cylinder via the connection between the first and third hydraulic cylinders, so that the third Hydraulic piston moves the fourth hydraulic piston in the feed direction, in such a way that pressure medium can be displaced from the fourth hydraulic cylinder into the second hydraulic cylinder via the fourth hydraulic piston, and thus the required hydraulic pressure can be applied to the second hydraulic piston, so that the plungers move towards one another.
  • the third hydraulic piston and the fourth hydraulic piston can e.g. be designed as an annular piston and are preferably arranged in alignment with one another.
  • the third hydraulic piston and the fourth hydraulic piston can each be designed as a plurality of individual pistons and arranged on a common pitch circle.
  • the third hydraulic piston and the fourth hydraulic piston can each be designed as individual pistons, which are arranged on the side of the first or second hydraulic cylinder and preferably in alignment with one another.
  • the third hydraulic piston and the fourth hydraulic piston are preferably connected to one another via push rods.
  • the volume of the pressure medium displaced in the first and third hydraulic cylinders must be equal to the volume which is displaced in the second and fourth hydraulic cylinders and the first hydraulic piston and the second hydraulic piston must before having piston surfaces.
  • the piston area of the fourth hydraulic piston is determined in accordance with the piston area of the second hydraulic piston and the distances covered by the third and fourth hydraulic pistons during the feed movement. For example, the piston area of the fourth hydraulic piston is halved in relation to the piston area of the third hydraulic piston if the fourth hydraulic piston covers twice the distance as the third hydraulic piston. If the third hydraulic piston is formed from a total of 6 individual pistons with a total area A G , the fourth hydraulic piston can consist of only three individual pistons with a total area A G / 2 if the individual pistons all have the same single piston area. With an equal number of individual pistons for the third and fourth hydraulic pistons (e.g. 6 each
  • the first and third hydraulic cylinders are attached to the press ram, e.g. via an intermediate plate.
  • the first press ram is arranged on a pressure piece connected to the ram.
  • the second die half, the second hydraulic cylinder and the fourth hydraulic cylinder are arranged opposite to each other on a base plate.
  • the hydraulic cylinders can be filled with pressure medium via a pressure line.
  • the invention creates a compact and reliably operating locking device that can also be used for very high pressures.
  • FIG. 1 a locking device with third and fourth hydraulic pistons of a first exemplary embodiment designed as annular pistons;
  • Fig. La - a sectional view of the structural unit from the first hydraulic cylinder and third hydraulic cylinder of the first embodiment;
  • Fig. Lb - a top view of the structural unit according to
  • FIG. La shows a closing device of a second exemplary embodiment, in which the third and fourth hydraulic pistons are divided into a plurality of individual pistons;
  • 2a shows a sectional illustration of the structural unit consisting of the first hydraulic cylinder and several third hydraulic cylinders of the second exemplary embodiment;
  • Fig. 2b - a top view of the structural unit according to
  • FIG. 3 - a locking device of a third exemplary embodiment, in which a third and a fourth hydraulic piston are arranged on the side of the first and second hydraulic cylinders, respectively.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 each shows the closed locking device with the inserted Unfinished part la and the right side of the closing device after the end of cross extrusion.
  • the locking device shown in FIG. 1 has a vertically movable upper tool half and a lower tool half fixed to the frame.
  • the upper half of the tool comprises an intermediate plate 6, which is attached to the plunger, not shown.
  • a pressure piece 8, on which the first press ram S1 is seated, is arranged essentially centrally on the intermediate plate 6.
  • the first hydraulic cylinder ZI and the third hydraulic cylinder Z3 are also attached to the intermediate plate 6.
  • the first hydraulic cylinder ZI and the third hydraulic cylinder Z3 are designed as a structural unit, a connection in the form of a channel 7 being present between the hydraulic cylinders ZI and Z3.
  • the first hydraulic piston Kl through which the pressure piece 8 projects, is guided in the first hydraulic cylinder ZI.
  • Compression springs 10 are arranged between the first hydraulic piston Kl and the intermediate plate 6.
  • a third hydraulic piston K3 is guided in the third hydraulic cylinder Z3, on which a further compression spring 3 is arranged in a radially circumferential manner.
  • the first die half M 1 is fastened to the first hydraulic piston K 1 on the end face facing away from the intermediate plate 6 via a first die holder 12.
  • the first die half M 1 is enclosed by a clamping ring 14.
  • a first pressure element 16 connects to the third hydraulic piston K3.
  • the lower tool half 4 consists of a base plate 26 which is fixed to the frame and on which the second hydraulic cylinder Z2 (inside) and the fourth hydraulic cylinder Z4 (outside) are also fixed to the frame.
  • the hydraulic cylinders Z2 and Z4 are also a structural unit formed, wherein a connection in the form of a channel 27 is present between the hydraulic cylinders Z2 and Z4.
  • An axially movable second hydraulic piston K2 is guided in the hydraulic cylinder Z2, on which the second pressure stamp S2 is arranged in the direction of the first pressure stamp S1.
  • the second die half M2 is enclosed by a second clamping ring 34 and is connected to the structural unit comprising the second and fourth hydraulic cylinders Z2, Z4 via a second die holder 32, which acts as a pressure plate 35.
  • Compression springs 30 are arranged between the second hydraulic piston K2 and the die holder 32.
  • the fourth hydraulic piston K4 which has a second pressure element 36 in the direction of the first pressure element 16, is guided in the fourth hydraulic cylinder Z4.
  • the first hydraulic piston K 1 and the second hydraulic piston K 2 are arranged inside and opposite one another and have the same piston surfaces.
  • the third hydraulic piston K3 and the fourth hydraulic piston K4 are arranged on the outside and also opposite one another in an aligned manner and are designed as annular pistons.
  • the piston area of the fourth hydraulic piston K4 is reduced by 50% in relation to the effective piston area of the third hydraulic piston K3 in order to ensure that the first press ram S1 and the second press ram S2 perform a stroke movement by the same amount.
  • the first pressure element 16 arranged on the third hydraulic piston K3 and the second pressure element 36 arranged on the fourth hydraulic piston K4 are also rotating, i.e. cylindrical and enclose the forming space sleeve-shaped during cross extrusion.
  • the sectional view of the structural unit consisting of the first hydraulic cylinder ZI and the third hydraulic cylinder Z3 is shown in Fig. La and the plan view in Fig. lb. It is clear from this that the closing device in the upper tool half has a third cylinder designed as an annular cylinder, in which the third annular piston is guided.
  • the structural unit consisting of a second hydraulic cylinder Z2 and a fourth hydraulic cylinder Z4 is designed in a similar manner.
  • the operation of the locking device according to FIG. 1 is as follows:
  • the upper tool half with the intermediate plate 6 and the device elements attached to it are moved downward, so that the first die half M1 and the second die half M2 abut one another and the first pressure element 16 and the second pressure element 36 touch (left) Representation according to Fig. 1).
  • the first hydraulic piston Kl and the second hydraulic piston K2 are in the lowest position, i.e. the first hydraulic piston K 1 is spaced apart from the intermediate plate 6 and the bottom of the second hydraulic piston K 2 lies against the base plate 26.
  • the space above the first hydraulic piston K1 is filled with pressure medium D and there is essentially no pressure medium under the second hydraulic piston K2.
  • the third hydraulic piston K3 and the fourth hydraulic piston K4 located below are in the uppermost position, i.e. the third hydraulic piston K3 lies against the intermediate plate 6 and the fourth hydraulic piston K4 is spaced apart from the base plate 26.
  • the space above the third hydraulic piston K3 is essentially taught by pressure medium and the space below the fourth hydraulic piston K4 is filled with pressure medium D.
  • the first press punch S1 presses the raw Ling la against the second ram S2, and the intermediate plate 6, the third hydraulic piston K3 down, whereby pressure medium is pressed by the hydraulic piston K4 from the hydraulic cylinder Z4 via the channel 27 into the space under the second piston K2. If the required yield stress or press pressure is reached, the second hydraulic piston K2 with the second press punch S2 moves upward and at the same time the first press punch S1 moves downward by the same amount.
  • the press ram moves the upper tool half up again, the first hydraulic piston K 1 being moved by the restoring force of the compression springs 10 and the second hydraulic piston K 2 being moved into their starting positions by the compression springs 30.
  • the workpiece can now be removed in the same plane in which it was inserted. This advantage is particularly important for automatic workpiece handling.
  • the illustration according to FIG. 2 shows a locking device in which the third hydraulic piston is subdivided into a total of 6 third individual pistons K3 E. Accordingly, the third hydraulic cylinder Z3 is also divided into 6 third individual cylinders Z3 E , in which the third individual pistons K3 E are guided. The third individual pistons K3 E and the third individual cylinders Z3 E are located on a common pitch circle. Instead of the cylindrical first pressure element, a pressure rod 16 E with a compression spring 3 E is arranged on every third individual piston.
  • the fourth hydraulic piston is divided into three fourth individual pistons K4 E , which are guided in three fourth individual cylinders Z4 E.
  • a second push rod 36 E connects to the fourth single cylinder Z4 E instead of the cylindrical second push element.
  • a circumferential pressure ring 40 is arranged at the ends of the second pressure rods 36 E in the direction of the first pressure rods 16 E.
  • FIG. 2a The sectional view of the structural unit comprising a first hydraulic cylinder ZI and a total of 6 third individual cylinders Z3 E according to FIG. 2 is shown in FIG. 2a and the top view in FIG. 2b. It is clear from this that in the closing device in the upper half of the tool, the third cylinder is divided into several individual cylinders, each of which is assigned a third individual piston.
  • the closing device according to FIG. 2 works on the same principle as the closing device according to FIG. 1. The following changes have been made:
  • first pressure rods 16 E are arranged as pressure elements
  • second pressure rods 36 E are arranged as pressure elements; - A radially circumferential pressure ring 40 is located between the first and the second pressure rods.
  • a locking device is shown in the illustration according to FIG. 3, in which the third hydraulic piston is designed as a third individual piston K3 S. Accordingly, the third hydraulic cylinder is also designed as a third individual cylinder Z3 S , in which the third individual piston K3 S is guided.
  • the third single piston K3 S and the third single cylinder Z3 S are located on the side of the first hydraulic cylinder ZI. Instead of the cylindrical first pressure element, a pressure rod 16 s with a compression spring 3 S is arranged on the third individual piston.
  • the fourth hydraulic piston is designed as a fourth individual piston K4 S , which is guided in the fourth individual cylinder Z4 S.
  • a second push rod 36 s connects to the fourth single cylinder Z4 S instead of the cylindrical second push element.
  • the third individual piston K3 S and the fourth individual piston K4 S are also arranged opposite one another in alignment.
  • the effective piston area of the fourth individual piston K4 S is also reduced by 50% in relation to the effective piston area of the third individual piston K3 S.
  • a connection in the form of a rigid pressure line 7 S is present between the first individual cylinder ZI and the third individual cylinder Z3 S.
  • a connection in the form of a rigid pressure line 27 s is present between the second individual cylinder Z2 and the fourth individual cylinder Z4 S.
  • the closing device according to FIG. 3 works on the same principle as the closing device according to FIG. 1. The following changes have been made:
  • a first push rod 16 s is arranged as a pressure element
  • a second push rod 36 E is arranged as a pressure element
  • the invention has created a hydraulic locking device which has a simple and compact structure and in which there is no need for external and elastic pressure lines to be moved.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Mounting, Exchange, And Manufacturing Of Dies (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Clamps And Clips (AREA)
  • Jigs For Machine Tools (AREA)
  • Gripping Jigs, Holding Jigs, And Positioning Jigs (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a hydromechanical clamping device having two movable die halves and two punches, a first hydraulic piston, and a second hydraulic piston. The second die half is fixed to the frame and the second punch is arranged on the second hydraulic piston. The first hydraulic cylinder is connected to a third hydraulic cylinder. The latter acts on a fourth hydraulic piston. The first hydraulic cylinder is connected to the third hydraulic cylinder, so that the pressure medium displaced from the first hydraulic cylinder during a feed movement flows into the third hydraulic cylinder and the third hydraulic piston moves the fourth hydraulic piston in the feed direction, so that pressure medium is displaced into the second hydraulic cylinder, and the requisite forming pressure can be applied to the second hydraulic piston and the punches move toward one another.

Description

Hydraulisch-mechanische Schliessvorrichtung, insbesondere zum QuerfliesspressenHydraulic-mechanical locking device, especially for cross extrusion
Die Erfindung betrifft eine hydraulisch-mechanische Schliessvorrichtung, insbesondere zum Querfliesspressen von Werkstücken, gemäss dem Oberbegriff von Patentanspruch 1. Beim Querfliesspressen wird ein Werkstück zwischen zwei Stempeln derart mit Druck beaufschlagt, dass ein Teil des Werkstoffes - quer zur Pressrichtung - in von Matrizenhälf- ten gebildete Hohlräume fliesst.The invention relates to a hydraulic-mechanical locking device, in particular for cross-extrusion of workpieces, according to the preamble of claim 1. In cross-extrusion, a workpiece is pressurized between two punches in such a way that part of the material - transversely to the pressing direction - in the die halves formed cavities flows.
Nach DE 199 22 659 AI ist eine hydraulische Schliessvorrichtung zum Querfliesspressen von Werkstücken bekannt, die zwei relativ zueinander bewegbare und miteinander ver- schliessbare Matrizenhälften besitzt sowie zwei mit gleichen Geschwindigkeiten relativ zu den geschlossenen Matrizenhälften bewegbare Pressstempel, wobei ein erster Hydraulikkolben, an dem die erste Matrizenhälfte angeordnet ist, in einem axial bewegbaren ersten Hydraulikzylinder, und ein zweiter Hydraulikkolben in einem raumfesten zweiten Hydraulikzylinder verschiebbar lagern. Der erste Pressstempel ist über einen Stempelträger an einer Tragplatte befestigt, die mit dem Stössel verbunden ist. Die zweite Matrizenhälfte ist raumfest angeordnet und der zweite Pressstempel am zweiten Hydraulikkolben befestigt, welcher beim Querfliesspressen durch ein vom ersten Hydraulikkolben verdrängbares Druckmittel beaufschlagbar ist. Beide Hydraulikkolben weisen gleiche Kolbenflächen auf. Der erste Hydraulikzylinder ist an einem Pressenstössel, die zweite Matrize am zweiten Hydraulikzylinder angeordnet. Beide Hydraulikzylinder sind über eine externe Druckleitung zu einem mit Druckmittel speisbaren Drucksystem verbunden. Nachteilig ist dabei die externe Hochdruckschlauchverbindung zwischen den beiden Hydraulikzylindern, da dieser bewegte Hochdruckschlauch derzeitig nur für Drücke bis 1000 bar zulässig ist. Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine gattungsge- mässe Schliessvorrichtung, insbesondere zum Querfliesspressen von Werkstücken, zu schaffen, die einen einfachen und kompakten Aufbau aufweist und ohne externe Druckmittelverbindung zwischen dem ersten Hydraulikzylinder und dem zweiten Hydraulikzylinder ausgestaltet ist.According to DE 199 22 659 AI, a hydraulic locking device for cross-extruding workpieces is known which has two die halves which can be moved and locked relative to one another and two press rams which can be moved at the same speed relative to the closed die halves, with a first hydraulic piston on which the first Half of the die is arranged in an axially movable first hydraulic cylinder, and a second hydraulic piston is displaceably mounted in a fixed second hydraulic cylinder. The first press stamp is attached to a support plate via a stamp carrier, which is connected to the ram. The second die half is arranged fixed in space and the second press ram is attached to the second hydraulic piston, which can be acted upon by a pressure medium that can be displaced by the first hydraulic piston during transverse extrusion. Both hydraulic pistons have the same piston surfaces. The first hydraulic cylinder is arranged on a press ram, the second die on the second hydraulic cylinder. Both hydraulic cylinders are connected via an external pressure line to a pressure system that can be fed with pressure medium. The external high-pressure hose connection between the two hydraulic cylinders is disadvantageous because this moving high-pressure hose is currently only permissible for pressures up to 1000 bar. The invention has for its object to provide a generic locking device, in particular for cross extrusion of workpieces, which has a simple and compact structure and is designed without an external pressure medium connection between the first hydraulic cylinder and the second hydraulic cylinder.
Erfindungsgemäss wird diese Aufgabe durch die Merkmale des ersten Patentanspruchs gelöst.According to the invention, this object is achieved by the features of the first claim.
Die hydraulisch-mechanische Schliessvorrichtung weist dabei zwei relativ zueinander bewegbare und miteinander ver- schliessbare Matrizenhälften sowie zwei mit gleichen Geschwindigkeiten relativ zu den geschlossenen Matrizenhälften bewegbare Pressstempel auf. An einem ersten Hydraulikkolben ist die erste Matrizenhälfte angeordnet, dabei wird der erste Hydraulikkolben in einem axial bewegbaren ersten Hydraulikzylinder geführt. Weiterhin ist ein zweiter Hyd- raulikkolben in einem gestellfesten zweiten Hydraulikzylinder verschiebbar gelagert. Die zweite Matrizenhälfte ist gestellfest und der zweite Pressstempel am zweiten Hydraulikkolben angeordnet. ErfindungsgemässThe hydraulic-mechanical locking device has two die halves which can be moved relative to one another and can be locked together, and two press rams which can be moved at the same speed relative to the closed die halves. The first die half is arranged on a first hydraulic piston, the first hydraulic piston being guided in an axially movable first hydraulic cylinder. Furthermore, a second hydraulic piston is slidably mounted in a second hydraulic cylinder fixed to the frame. The second die half is fixed to the frame and the second press ram is arranged on the second hydraulic piston. According to the invention
- ist der erste Hydraulikzylinder mit wenigstens einem dritten Hydraulikzylinder verbunden, in welchem ein dritter Hydraulikkolben geführt ist,the first hydraulic cylinder is connected to at least a third hydraulic cylinder in which a third hydraulic piston is guided,
- greift der dritte Hydraulikkolben im geschlossenen Zustand der Schliessvorrichtung an einem vierten Hydraulikkolben an, der in einem gestellfesten vierten Hydraulik- zylinder geführt ist und eine Verbindung zum zweiten Hydraulikzylinder aufweist,in the closed state of the locking device, the third hydraulic piston engages a fourth hydraulic piston which is guided in a fourth hydraulic cylinder fixed to the frame and has a connection to the second hydraulic cylinder,
- wobei über die Verbindung zwischen erstem und drittem Hydraulikzylinder das aus dem ersten Hydraulikzylinder bei einer Vorschubbewegung verdrängte Druckmittel in den dritten Hydraulikzylinder fliesst, so dass der dritte Hydraulikkolben den vierten Hydraulikkolben in Vorschubrichtung bewegt, - derart, dass über den vierten Hydraulikkolben Druckmittel aus dem vierten Hydraulikzylinder in den zweiten Hydrau- likzylinder verdrängbar und somit der zweite Hydraulikkolben mit dem erforderlichen Umformdruck beaufschlagbar ist, so dass sich die Pressstempel aufeinander zu bewegen.- The pressure medium displaced from the first hydraulic cylinder during a feed movement flows into the third hydraulic cylinder via the connection between the first and third hydraulic cylinders, so that the third Hydraulic piston moves the fourth hydraulic piston in the feed direction, in such a way that pressure medium can be displaced from the fourth hydraulic cylinder into the second hydraulic cylinder via the fourth hydraulic piston, and thus the required hydraulic pressure can be applied to the second hydraulic piston, so that the plungers move towards one another.
Der dritte Hydraulikkolben und der vierte Hydraulikkolben können dabei z.B. als Ringkolben ausgebildet sein und werden bevorzugt zueinander fluchtend angeordnet.The third hydraulic piston and the fourth hydraulic piston can e.g. be designed as an annular piston and are preferably arranged in alignment with one another.
Weiterhin können der dritte Hydraulikkolben und der vierte Hydraulikkolben je als mehrere Einzelkolben ausgebildet und auf einem gemeinsamen Teilkreis angeordnet sein. Ebenso können der dritte Hydraulikkolben und der vierte Hydraulikkolben je als Einzelkolben ausgebildet sein, die seitlich des ersten bzw. zweiten Hydraulikzylinders und bevorzugt zueinander fluchtend angeordnet sind. Der dritte Hydraulikkolben und der vierte Hydraulikkolben stehen dabei vorzugsweise über Druckstangen miteinander in Verbindung.Furthermore, the third hydraulic piston and the fourth hydraulic piston can each be designed as a plurality of individual pistons and arranged on a common pitch circle. Likewise, the third hydraulic piston and the fourth hydraulic piston can each be designed as individual pistons, which are arranged on the side of the first or second hydraulic cylinder and preferably in alignment with one another. The third hydraulic piston and the fourth hydraulic piston are preferably connected to one another via push rods.
Um den gleichen Betrag der Vorschubbewegung der beiden Pressstempel zu gewährleisten, muss das in den ersten und dritten Hydraulikzylindern verdrängte Volumen des Druckmittels gleich sein mit dem Volumen, welches in den zweiten und vierten Hydraulikzylindern verdrängt wird und der erste Hydraulikkolben und der zweite Hydraulikkolben müssen glei- ehe Kolbenflächen aufweisen.In order to ensure the same amount of feed movement of the two press rams, the volume of the pressure medium displaced in the first and third hydraulic cylinders must be equal to the volume which is displaced in the second and fourth hydraulic cylinders and the first hydraulic piston and the second hydraulic piston must before having piston surfaces.
Die Kolbenfläche des vierten Hydraulikkolbens wird entsprechend der Kolbenfläche des zweiten Hydraulikkolbens und der durch den dritten und vierten Hydraulikkolben zurückgeleg- ten Wege bei der Vorschubbewegung festgelegt. Z.B. ist die Kolbenfläche des vierten Hydraulikkolbens im Verhältnis zur Kolbenfläche des dritten Hydraulikkolbens halbiert, wenn der vierte Hydraulikkolben den doppelten Weg zurücklegt wie der dritte Hydraulikkolben. Wird der dritte Hydraulikkolben aus insgesamt 6 Einzelkolben mit einer Gesamtfläche AG gebildet, kann der vierte Hydraulikkolben aus nur drei Einzelkolben mit einer Gesamtfläche AG/2 bestehen, wenn die Einzelkolben alle die gleiche Einzelkolbenfläche aufweisen. Bei einer gleichen Anzahl von Einzelkolben für den dritten und vierten Hydraulikkolben (z.B. jeweils 6The piston area of the fourth hydraulic piston is determined in accordance with the piston area of the second hydraulic piston and the distances covered by the third and fourth hydraulic pistons during the feed movement. For example, the piston area of the fourth hydraulic piston is halved in relation to the piston area of the third hydraulic piston if the fourth hydraulic piston covers twice the distance as the third hydraulic piston. If the third hydraulic piston is formed from a total of 6 individual pistons with a total area A G , the fourth hydraulic piston can consist of only three individual pistons with a total area A G / 2 if the individual pistons all have the same single piston area. With an equal number of individual pistons for the third and fourth hydraulic pistons (e.g. 6 each
Stück) muss die Einzelfläche A4E der Einzelkolben des vierten Hydraulikzylinders halbiert sein im Verhältnis zur Einzelfläche A3E der Einzelkolben des dritten Hydraulikzylinders, um die halbe Gesamtfläche zu ergeben, d.h. A4E = A3E/2.Piece), the individual area A4 E of the individual pistons of the fourth hydraulic cylinder must be halved in relation to the individual area A3 E of the individual pistons of the third hydraulic cylinder to give half the total area, ie A4 E = A3 E / 2.
Der erste und der dritte Hydraulikzylinder werden am Pres- senstössel befestigt, z.B. über eine Zwischenplatte. Der erste Pressstempel ist an einem mit dem Stössel verbundenen Druckstück angeordnet. Dadurch vollführen sowohl der erste und dritte Hydraulikzylinder als auch der erste Pressstempel den gleichen Betrag der Vorschubbewegung.The first and third hydraulic cylinders are attached to the press ram, e.g. via an intermediate plate. The first press ram is arranged on a pressure piece connected to the ram. As a result, both the first and third hydraulic cylinders and the first press ram perform the same amount of the feed movement.
Die zweite Matrizenhälfte, der zweite Hydraulikzylinder und der vierte Hydraulikzylinder werden gegenüberliegend gestellfest an einer Grundplatte angeordnet.The second die half, the second hydraulic cylinder and the fourth hydraulic cylinder are arranged opposite to each other on a base plate.
Erst wenn das eingelegte Werkstück durch den Pressdruck zu fliessen beginnt, d.h. die erforderliche Fliessspannung er- reicht ist, kann Druckmittel mit dem vierten Hydraulikkolben aus dem vierten Hydraulikzylinder in den zweiten Hydraulikzylinder gepresst werden, so dass der zweite Hydraulikkolben und somit der zweite Pressstempel eine entsprech- dende Bewegung um den gleichen Betrag vollführen. Die Hydraulikzylinder sind über eine Druckleitung mit Druckmittel befüllbar.Only when the inserted workpiece begins to flow through the pressing pressure, ie the required yield stress has been reached, can pressure medium be pressed with the fourth hydraulic piston from the fourth hydraulic cylinder into the second hydraulic cylinder, so that the second hydraulic piston and thus the second press ram accordingly - Carry out the movement by the same amount. The hydraulic cylinders can be filled with pressure medium via a pressure line.
Mit der Erfindung wird eine kompakte und zuverlässig arbei- tende Schliessvorrichtung geschaffen, die auch für sehr hohe Drücke einsetzbar ist.The invention creates a compact and reliably operating locking device that can also be used for very high pressures.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von drei Ausführungsbeispielen und zugehörigen Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of three exemplary embodiments and associated drawings. Show it:
Fig. 1 - eine Schliessvorrichtung mit als Ringkolben ausgebildeten dritten und vierten Hydraulikkolben eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels; Fig. la - eine Schnittdarstellung der baulichen Einheit aus erstem Hydraulikzylinder und drittem Hydraulikzylinder des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels; Fig. lb - eine Draufsicht auf die bauliche Einheit gemäss1 - a locking device with third and fourth hydraulic pistons of a first exemplary embodiment designed as annular pistons; Fig. La - a sectional view of the structural unit from the first hydraulic cylinder and third hydraulic cylinder of the first embodiment; Fig. Lb - a top view of the structural unit according to
Fig. la; Fig. 2 - eine Schliessvorrichtung eines zweiten Ausfüh- rungsbeispiels, bei welcher die dritten und vierten Hydraulikkolben in mehrere Einzelkolben unterteilt sind; Fig. 2a - eine Schnittdarstellung der baulichen Einheit bestehend aus dem ersten Hydraulikzylinder und meh- reren dritten Hydraulikzylindern des zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels; Fig. 2b - eine Draufsicht auf die bauliche Einheit gemässFig. La; 2 shows a closing device of a second exemplary embodiment, in which the third and fourth hydraulic pistons are divided into a plurality of individual pistons; 2a shows a sectional illustration of the structural unit consisting of the first hydraulic cylinder and several third hydraulic cylinders of the second exemplary embodiment; Fig. 2b - a top view of the structural unit according to
Fig. 2a; und Fig. 3 - eine Schliessvorrichtung eines dritten Ausfüh- rungsbeispiels, bei welcher ein dritter und ein vierter Hydraulikkolben seitlich des ersten bzw. zweiten Hydraulikzylinders angeordnet sind.Fig. 2a; and FIG. 3 - a locking device of a third exemplary embodiment, in which a third and a fourth hydraulic piston are arranged on the side of the first and second hydraulic cylinders, respectively.
Die linke Seite der Darstellungen in Fig. 1 und 2 zeigt je- weils die geschlossene Schliessvorrichtung mit eingelegtem Rohteil la und die rechte Seite die Schliessvorrichtung nach Beendigung des Querfliesspressens .The left side of the representations in FIGS. 1 and 2 each shows the closed locking device with the inserted Unfinished part la and the right side of the closing device after the end of cross extrusion.
Die in der Fig. 1 dargestellte Schliessvorrichtung weist eine vertikal bewegbare obere Werkzeughälfte und eine gestellfeste untere Werkzeughälfte auf. Die obere Werkzeughälfte umfasst eine Zwischenplatte 6, die am nicht dargestellten Stössel befestigt wird. An der Zwischenplatte 6 ist im Wesentlichen mittig ein Druckstück 8 angeordnet, an dem der erste Pressstempel Sl sitzt. An der Zwischenplatte 6 sind weiterhin der erste Hydraulikzylinder ZI und der dritte Hydraulikzylinder Z3 befestigt. Der erste Hydraulikzylinder ZI und der dritte Hydraulikzylinder Z3 sind als bauliche Einheit ausgebildet, wobei zwischen den Hydraulik- Zylindern ZI und Z3 eine Verbindung in Form eines Kanals 7 vorhanden ist.The locking device shown in FIG. 1 has a vertically movable upper tool half and a lower tool half fixed to the frame. The upper half of the tool comprises an intermediate plate 6, which is attached to the plunger, not shown. A pressure piece 8, on which the first press ram S1 is seated, is arranged essentially centrally on the intermediate plate 6. The first hydraulic cylinder ZI and the third hydraulic cylinder Z3 are also attached to the intermediate plate 6. The first hydraulic cylinder ZI and the third hydraulic cylinder Z3 are designed as a structural unit, a connection in the form of a channel 7 being present between the hydraulic cylinders ZI and Z3.
Im ersten Hydraulikzylinder ZI wird der erste Hydraulikkolben Kl geführt, durch den das Druckstück 8 ragt. Zwischen dem ersten Hydraulikkolben Kl und der Zwischenplatte 6 sind Druckfedern 10 angeordnet. In dem dritten Hydraulikzylinder Z3 wird ein dritter Hydraulikkolben K3 geführt, an dem radial umlaufend eine weitere Druckfeder 3 angeordnet ist. Am ersten Hydraulikkolben Kl ist an der der Zwischenplatte 6 abgewandten Stirnseite die erste Matrizenhälfte Ml über eine erste Matrizenaufnahme 12 befestigt. Die erste Matrizenhälfte Ml wird von einem Spannring 14 umschlossen. An den dritten Hydraulikkolben K3 schliesst sich ein erstes Druckelement 16 an.The first hydraulic piston Kl, through which the pressure piece 8 projects, is guided in the first hydraulic cylinder ZI. Compression springs 10 are arranged between the first hydraulic piston Kl and the intermediate plate 6. A third hydraulic piston K3 is guided in the third hydraulic cylinder Z3, on which a further compression spring 3 is arranged in a radially circumferential manner. The first die half M 1 is fastened to the first hydraulic piston K 1 on the end face facing away from the intermediate plate 6 via a first die holder 12. The first die half M 1 is enclosed by a clamping ring 14. A first pressure element 16 connects to the third hydraulic piston K3.
Die untere Werkzeughälfte 4 besteht aus einer gestellfesten Grundplatte 26, an der ebenfalls gestellfest der zweite Hydraulikzylinder Z2 (innenliegend) und der vierte Hydraulikzylinder Z4 (aussenliegend) angeordnet sind. Die Hydrau- likzylinder Z2 und Z4 sind ebenfalls als bauliche Einheit ausgebildet, wobei zwischen den Hydraulikzylindern Z2 und Z4 eine Verbindung in Form eines Kanals 27 vorhanden ist. Im Hydraulikzylinder Z2 wird ein axialbeweglicher zweiter Hydraulikkolben K2 geführt, an dem der zweite Druckstempel S2 in Richtung zum ersten Druckstempel Sl angeordnet ist. Die zweite Matrizenhälfte M2 wird von einem zweiten Spannring 34 umschlossen und ist über eine zweite Matrizenaufnahme 32, die als Druckplatte 35 wirkt, gestellfest mit der baulichen Einheit aus zweitem und viertem Hydraulikzylinder Z2, Z4 verbunden. Zwischen dem zweiten Hydraulikkolben K2 und der Matrizenaufnahme 32 sind Druckfedern 30 angeordnet. Im vierten Hydraulikzylinder Z4 wird der vierte Hydraulikkolben K4 geführt, der in Richtung zum ersten Druckelement 16 ein zweites Druckelement 36 aufweist.The lower tool half 4 consists of a base plate 26 which is fixed to the frame and on which the second hydraulic cylinder Z2 (inside) and the fourth hydraulic cylinder Z4 (outside) are also fixed to the frame. The hydraulic cylinders Z2 and Z4 are also a structural unit formed, wherein a connection in the form of a channel 27 is present between the hydraulic cylinders Z2 and Z4. An axially movable second hydraulic piston K2 is guided in the hydraulic cylinder Z2, on which the second pressure stamp S2 is arranged in the direction of the first pressure stamp S1. The second die half M2 is enclosed by a second clamping ring 34 and is connected to the structural unit comprising the second and fourth hydraulic cylinders Z2, Z4 via a second die holder 32, which acts as a pressure plate 35. Compression springs 30 are arranged between the second hydraulic piston K2 and the die holder 32. The fourth hydraulic piston K4, which has a second pressure element 36 in the direction of the first pressure element 16, is guided in the fourth hydraulic cylinder Z4.
Der erste Hydraulikkolben Kl und der zweite Hydraulikkolben K2 sind innen und einander gegenüberliegend angeordnet und weisen gleiche Kolbenflächen auf. Der dritte Hydraulikkolben K3 und der vierte Hydraulikkolben K4 sind aussen und ebenfalls einander fluchtend gegenüberliegend angeordnet und als Ringkolben ausgebildet. Die Kolbenfläche des vierten Hydraulikkolbens K4 ist im Verhältnis zur wirksamen Kolbenfläche des dritten Hydraulikkolbens K3 um 50% verringert, um zu gewährleisten, dass der erste Pressstempel Sl und der zweite Pressstempel S2 eine Hubbewegung um den gleichen Betrag vollführen.The first hydraulic piston K 1 and the second hydraulic piston K 2 are arranged inside and opposite one another and have the same piston surfaces. The third hydraulic piston K3 and the fourth hydraulic piston K4 are arranged on the outside and also opposite one another in an aligned manner and are designed as annular pistons. The piston area of the fourth hydraulic piston K4 is reduced by 50% in relation to the effective piston area of the third hydraulic piston K3 in order to ensure that the first press ram S1 and the second press ram S2 perform a stroke movement by the same amount.
Das am dritten Hydraulikkolben K3 angeordnete erste Druckelement 16 und das am vierten Hydraulikkolben K4 angeord- nete zweite Druckelement 36 sind ebenfalls umlaufend, d.h. zylinderförmig ausgebildet und umschliessen den Umformraum während des Querfliesspressens hülsenförmig.The first pressure element 16 arranged on the third hydraulic piston K3 and the second pressure element 36 arranged on the fourth hydraulic piston K4 are also rotating, i.e. cylindrical and enclose the forming space sleeve-shaped during cross extrusion.
Die Schnittdarstellung der baulichen Einheit aus erstem Hydraulikzylinder ZI und drittem Hydraulikzylinder Z3 ist in Fig. la und die Draufsicht in Fig. lb dargestellt. Hieraus wird deutlich, dass die Schliessvorrichtung in der oberen Werkzeughälfte einen als Ringzylinder ausgebildeten dritten Zylinder aufweist, in dem der dritte Ringkolben ge- führt wird. Ähnlich ist die bauliche Einheit aus zweitem Hydraulikzylinder Z2 und viertem Hydraulikzylinder Z4 ausgebildet.The sectional view of the structural unit consisting of the first hydraulic cylinder ZI and the third hydraulic cylinder Z3 is shown in Fig. La and the plan view in Fig. lb. It is clear from this that the closing device in the upper tool half has a third cylinder designed as an annular cylinder, in which the third annular piston is guided. The structural unit consisting of a second hydraulic cylinder Z2 and a fourth hydraulic cylinder Z4 is designed in a similar manner.
Die Wirkungsweise der Schliessvorrichtung gemäss Fig. 1 ist folgende:The operation of the locking device according to FIG. 1 is as follows:
Nach dem Einlegen des Rohlings la wird die obere Werkzeughälfte mit der Zwischenplatte 6 und den daran befestigten Vorrichtungselementen nach unten gefahren, so dass die erste Matrizenhälfte Ml und die zweite Matrizenhälfte M2 aneinander anliegen und sich das erste Druckelement 16 und das zweite Druckelement 36 berühren (linke Darstellung gemäss Fig. 1) . Der erste Hydraulikkolben Kl und der zweite Hydraulikkolben K2 befinden sich in der untersten Position, d.h. der erste Hydraulikkolben Kl ist von der Zwischen- platte 6 beabstandet und der zweite Hydraulikkolben K2 liegt mit seiner Unterseite an der Grundplatte 26 an. Der Raum über dem ersten Hydraulikkolben Kl ist mit Druckmedium D gefüllt und unter dem zweiten Hydraulikkolben K2 befindet sich im Wesentlichen kein Druckmedium. Der dritte Hydrau- likkolben K3 und der darunter befindliche vierte Hydraulikkolben K4 befinden sich in der obersten Position, d.h. der dritte Hydraulikkolben K3 liegt an der Zwischenplatte 6 an und der vierte Hydraulikkolben K4 ist von der Grundplatte 26 beabstandet. Der Raum über dem dritten Hydraulikkolben K3 ist im Wesentlichen von Druckmittel gelehrt und der Raum unter dem vierten Hydraulikkolben K4 ist mit Druckmittel D gefüllt.After inserting the blank la, the upper tool half with the intermediate plate 6 and the device elements attached to it are moved downward, so that the first die half M1 and the second die half M2 abut one another and the first pressure element 16 and the second pressure element 36 touch (left) Representation according to Fig. 1). The first hydraulic piston Kl and the second hydraulic piston K2 are in the lowest position, i.e. the first hydraulic piston K 1 is spaced apart from the intermediate plate 6 and the bottom of the second hydraulic piston K 2 lies against the base plate 26. The space above the first hydraulic piston K1 is filled with pressure medium D and there is essentially no pressure medium under the second hydraulic piston K2. The third hydraulic piston K3 and the fourth hydraulic piston K4 located below are in the uppermost position, i.e. the third hydraulic piston K3 lies against the intermediate plate 6 and the fourth hydraulic piston K4 is spaced apart from the base plate 26. The space above the third hydraulic piston K3 is essentially taught by pressure medium and the space below the fourth hydraulic piston K4 is filled with pressure medium D.
Vollführt der Stössel mit der Zwischenplatte 6 eine weitere Vorschubbewegung, drückt der erste Pressstempel Sl den Roh- ling la gegen den zweiten Pressstempel S2, und die Zwischenplatte 6 den dritten Hydraulikkolben K3 nach unten, wodurch Druckmedium durch den Hydraulikkolben K4 aus dem Hydraulikzylinder Z4 über den Kanal 27 in den Raum unter dem zweiten Kolben K2 gedrückt wird. Wird die erforderliche Fliessspannung bzw. Pressdruck erreicht, bewegt sich dadurch der zweite Hydraulikkolben K2 mit dem zweiten Pressstempel S2 nach oben und gleichzeitig bewegt sich der erste Pressstempel Sl um den gleichen Betrag nach unten. Dadurch, dass der Hydraulikkolben Kl nach unten abstützt und sich dazu der erste Hydraulikzylinder mit der Zwischenplatte 6 nach unten bewegt, wird der Raum über dem ersten Hydraulikkolben Kl in der Höhe verringert, und das darin befindliche Druckmittel D über den Kanal 7 in den Raum über dem dritten Hydraulikkolben K3 verdrängt, so dass sich dieser gemeinsam mit dem ersten Druckelement 16, dem zweiten Druckelement 36 und den vierten Hydraulikkolben K4 nach unten bewegt und weiteres Druckmittel D aus dem vierten Hydraulikzylinder Z4 in den zweiten Hydraulikzylinder Z2 gedrückt wird. Dadurch fliesst der Werkstoff in die Gravur der Matrize. Durch den Gleichlauf des ersten und zweiten Pressstempels Sl, S2 in Bezug auf die in ihrer räumlichen Lage unveränderten Matrizenhälften erfährt das Werkstück eine symmetrische Umformung, die sich aus axialer Verdichtung und radialer Ver- drängung in den von den Matrizenhälften gebildeten Hohlraum zusammensetzt. Bei diesem Umformvorgang werden die Druckfedern 10 und 30 zusammengedrückt. Den abgeschlossenen Umformvorgang zeigt die rechte Darstellung in Fig. 1.If the ram carries out a further feed movement with the intermediate plate 6, the first press punch S1 presses the raw Ling la against the second ram S2, and the intermediate plate 6, the third hydraulic piston K3 down, whereby pressure medium is pressed by the hydraulic piston K4 from the hydraulic cylinder Z4 via the channel 27 into the space under the second piston K2. If the required yield stress or press pressure is reached, the second hydraulic piston K2 with the second press punch S2 moves upward and at the same time the first press punch S1 moves downward by the same amount. Because the hydraulic piston Kl is supported downward and the first hydraulic cylinder with the intermediate plate 6 moves downward for this purpose, the height above the first hydraulic piston Kl is reduced in height, and the pressure medium D located therein via the channel 7 into the space above displaces the third hydraulic piston K3 so that it moves down together with the first pressure element 16, the second pressure element 36 and the fourth hydraulic piston K4 and further pressure medium D is pressed out of the fourth hydraulic cylinder Z4 into the second hydraulic cylinder Z2. As a result, the material flows into the engraving of the die. Due to the synchronism of the first and second press rams S1, S2 with respect to the die halves unchanged in their spatial position, the workpiece undergoes a symmetrical deformation, which is composed of axial compression and radial displacement in the cavity formed by the die halves. In this forming process, the compression springs 10 and 30 are compressed. The right-hand illustration in FIG. 1 shows the completed forming process.
Nach Beendigung des Umformvorganges fährt der Pressenstös- sel die obere Werkzeughälfte wieder nach oben, wobei durch die Rückstellkraft der Druckfedern 10 der erste Hydraulikkolben Kl und durch die Druckfedern 30 der zweite Hydraulikkolben K2 in ihre Ausgangspositionen überführt werden. Das Werkstück kann nun in der gleichen Ebene entnommen werden, in der es eingelegt worden ist. Dieser Vorteil kommt vor allem bei automatischer Werkstückhandhabung zum Tragen.After the shaping process has ended, the press ram moves the upper tool half up again, the first hydraulic piston K 1 being moved by the restoring force of the compression springs 10 and the second hydraulic piston K 2 being moved into their starting positions by the compression springs 30. The workpiece can now be removed in the same plane in which it was inserted. This advantage is particularly important for automatic workpiece handling.
Im Unterschied zu der Ausführung in Fig. 1 wird in der Darstellung gemäss Fig. 2 eine Schliessvorrichtung dargestellt, bei welcher der dritte Hydraulikkolben in insgesamt 6 dritte Einzelkolben K3E unterteilt ist. Dementsprechend ist der dritte Hydraulikzylinder Z3 ebenfalls in 6 dritte Einzelzylinder Z3E unterteilt, in denen die dritten Einzelkolben K3E geführt werden. Die dritten Einzelkolben K3E und die dritten Einzelzylinder Z3E befinden sich dabei auf einem gemeinsamen Teilkreis. Anstelle des zylinderförmigen ersten Druckelementes ist an jedem dritten Einzelkolben eine Druckstange 16E mit einer Druckfeder 3E angeordnet.In contrast to the embodiment in FIG. 1, the illustration according to FIG. 2 shows a locking device in which the third hydraulic piston is subdivided into a total of 6 third individual pistons K3 E. Accordingly, the third hydraulic cylinder Z3 is also divided into 6 third individual cylinders Z3 E , in which the third individual pistons K3 E are guided. The third individual pistons K3 E and the third individual cylinders Z3 E are located on a common pitch circle. Instead of the cylindrical first pressure element, a pressure rod 16 E with a compression spring 3 E is arranged on every third individual piston.
Der vierte Hydraulikkolben ist in drei vierte Einzelkolben K4E unterteilt, die in drei vierten Einzelzylindern Z4E geführt werden. An die vierten Einzelzylinder Z4E schliesst anstelle des zylinderförmigen zweiten Druckelements jeweils eine zweite Druckstange 36E an. An den Enden der zweiten Druckstangen 36E ist in Richtung zu den ersten Druckstangen 16E ein umlaufender Druckring 40 angeordnet.The fourth hydraulic piston is divided into three fourth individual pistons K4 E , which are guided in three fourth individual cylinders Z4 E. A second push rod 36 E connects to the fourth single cylinder Z4 E instead of the cylindrical second push element. A circumferential pressure ring 40 is arranged at the ends of the second pressure rods 36 E in the direction of the first pressure rods 16 E.
Die Schnittdarstellung der baulichen Einheit aus einem ersten Hydraulikzylinder ZI und insgesamt 6 dritten Einzelzylindern Z3E gemäss Fig. 2 ist in Fig. 2a und die Draufsicht in Fig. 2b dargestellt. Hieraus wird deutlich, dass bei der Schliessvorrichtung in der oberen Werkzeughälfte der dritte Zylinder in mehrere Einzelzylinder unterteilt ist, denen jeweils ein dritter Einzelkolben zugeordnet wird.The sectional view of the structural unit comprising a first hydraulic cylinder ZI and a total of 6 third individual cylinders Z3 E according to FIG. 2 is shown in FIG. 2a and the top view in FIG. 2b. It is clear from this that in the closing device in the upper half of the tool, the third cylinder is divided into several individual cylinders, each of which is assigned a third individual piston.
Ähnlich wie die bauliche Einheit aus erstem Hydraulikzylinder ZI und mehreren dritten Einzelzylindern Z3E ist die bauliche Einheit aus zweitem Hydraulikzylinder Z2 und meh- reren vierten Einzelzylindern Z4E ausgebildet, im Unterschied dazu werden hier jedoch nur drei vierte Einzelzylinder Z4E (und somit nur drei vierte Einzelkolben K4E) vorgesehen.Similar to the structural unit consisting of the first hydraulic cylinder ZI and several third individual cylinders Z3 E , the structural unit consisting of the second hydraulic cylinder Z2 and several reren fourth individual cylinders Z4 E , in contrast, however, only three fourth individual cylinders Z4 E (and thus only three fourth individual pistons K4 E ) are provided here.
Die Schliessvorrichtung gemäss Fig. 2 arbeitet nach dem gleichen Prinzip wie die Schliessvorrichtung gemäss Fig. 1. Es wurden folgende Änderungen vorgenommen:The closing device according to FIG. 2 works on the same principle as the closing device according to FIG. 1. The following changes have been made:
- der als Ringkolben ausgebildete dritte Hydraulikkolben K3 wurde durch 6 dritte Einzelkolben K3E ersetzt, wobei unter jedem dritten Einzelkolben K3E sich eine Druckfeder- The third hydraulic piston K3 designed as an annular piston was replaced by 6 third individual pistons K3 E , with a compression spring under each third individual piston K3 E
3E befindet;3 E located;
- der radial umlaufende dritte Hydraulikzylinder Z3 wurde durch 6 dritte Einzelzylinder Z3E ersetzt; - der als Ringkolben ausgebildete vierte Hydraulikkolben K4 wurde durch 3 vierte Einzelkolben K4E ersetzt, wobei unter jedem vierten Einzelkolben K4E eine Druckfeder 3E als Rückstellfeder angeordnet ist;- The radially rotating third hydraulic cylinder Z3 was replaced by 6 third individual cylinders Z3 E ; - the form of an annular piston fourth hydraulic piston K4 was replaced by 3 fourth individual pistons K4 E, 3 E wherein a compression spring is arranged as a restoring spring under each fourth individual pistons K4 E;
- der radial umlaufende vierte Hydraulikzylinder Z4 wurde durch 3 vierte Einzelzylinder Z4E ersetzt;- The radially rotating fourth hydraulic cylinder Z4 was replaced by 3 fourth individual cylinders Z4 E ;
- an den dritten Einzelkolben K3E sind als Druckelemente erste Druckstangen 16E angeordnet;- On the third individual piston K3 E first pressure rods 16 E are arranged as pressure elements;
- an den vierten Einzelkolben K4E sind als Druckelemente zweite Druckstangen 36E angeordnet; - zwischen den ersten und den zweiten Druckstangen befindet sich ein radial umlaufender Druckring 40.- On the fourth individual piston K4 E second pressure rods 36 E are arranged as pressure elements; - A radially circumferential pressure ring 40 is located between the first and the second pressure rods.
Im Unterschied zu der Ausführung in Fig. 1 wird in der Darstellung gemäss Fig. 3 eine Schliessvorrichtung darge- stellt, bei welcher der dritte Hydraulikkolben als ein dritter Einzelkolben K3S ausgebildet ist. Dementsprechend ist der dritte Hydraulikzylinder ebenfalls als ein dritter Einzelzylinder Z3S ausgebildet, in dem der dritte Einzelkolben K3S geführt wird. Der dritte Einzelkolben K3S und der dritte Einzelzylinder Z3S befinden sich seitlich des ersten Hydraulikzylinders ZI. Anstelle des zylinderförmigen ersten Druckelementes ist an dem dritten Einzelkolben eine Druckstange 16s mit einer Druckfeder 3S angeordnet.In contrast to the embodiment in FIG. 1, a locking device is shown in the illustration according to FIG. 3, in which the third hydraulic piston is designed as a third individual piston K3 S. Accordingly, the third hydraulic cylinder is also designed as a third individual cylinder Z3 S , in which the third individual piston K3 S is guided. The third single piston K3 S and the third single cylinder Z3 S are located on the side of the first hydraulic cylinder ZI. Instead of the cylindrical first pressure element, a pressure rod 16 s with a compression spring 3 S is arranged on the third individual piston.
Der vierte Hydraulikkolben ist als ein vierter Einzelkolben K4S ausgebildet, der in dem vierten Einzelzylinder Z4S geführt wird. An den vierten Einzelzylinder Z4S schliesst anstelle des zylinderförmigen zweiten Druckelements eine zweite Druckstange 36s an.The fourth hydraulic piston is designed as a fourth individual piston K4 S , which is guided in the fourth individual cylinder Z4 S. A second push rod 36 s connects to the fourth single cylinder Z4 S instead of the cylindrical second push element.
Der dritte Einzelkolben K3S und der vierte Einzelkolben K4S sind ebenfalls einander fluchtend gegenüberliegend angeordnet. Die wirksame Kolbenfläche des vierten Einzelkolbens K4S ist ebenfalls im Verhältnis zur wirksamen Kolbenfläche des dritten Einzelkolbens K3S um 50% verringert.The third individual piston K3 S and the fourth individual piston K4 S are also arranged opposite one another in alignment. The effective piston area of the fourth individual piston K4 S is also reduced by 50% in relation to the effective piston area of the third individual piston K3 S.
Zwischen dem ersten Einzelzylinder ZI und dem dritten Einzelzylinder Z3S ist eine Verbindung in Form einer starren Druckleitung 7S vorhanden. Zwischen dem zweiten Einzelzy- linder Z2 und dem vierten Einzelzylinder Z4S ist eine Verbindung in Form einer starren Druckleitung 27s vorhanden.A connection in the form of a rigid pressure line 7 S is present between the first individual cylinder ZI and the third individual cylinder Z3 S. A connection in the form of a rigid pressure line 27 s is present between the second individual cylinder Z2 and the fourth individual cylinder Z4 S.
Die Schliessvorrichtung gemäss Fig. 3 arbeitet nach dem gleichen Prinzip wie die Schliessvorrichtung gemäss Fig. 1. Es wurden folgende Änderungen vorgenommen:The closing device according to FIG. 3 works on the same principle as the closing device according to FIG. 1. The following changes have been made:
- der als Ringkolben ausgebildete dritte Hydraulikkolben K3 wurde durch einen dritten Einzelkolben K3S ersetzt, wobei unter dem dritten Einzelkolben K3E sich eine Druckfeder- The third hydraulic piston K3 designed as an annular piston was replaced by a third individual piston K3 S , with a compression spring under the third individual piston K3 E
3S befindet; - der radial umlaufende dritte Hydraulikzylinder Z3 wurde durch einen dritten Einzelzylinder Z3S ersetzt;3 S is located; - The radially rotating third hydraulic cylinder Z3 was replaced by a third single cylinder Z3 S ;
- der als Ringkolben ausgebildete vierte Hydraulikkolben K4 wurde durch einen vierten Einzelkolben K4S ersetzt, wobei unter dem vierten Einzelkolben K4S eine Druckfeder 30s als Rückstellfeder angeordnet ist; -der radial umlaufende vierte Hydraulikzylinder Z4 wurde durch einen vierten Einzelzylinder Z4S ersetzt;- the form of an annular piston fourth hydraulic piston K4 was replaced by a fourth individual piston K4 S, wherein among the fourth individual piston K4 S A compression spring 30s is disposed as a return spring; the radially rotating fourth hydraulic cylinder Z4 was replaced by a fourth single cylinder Z4 S ;
- an dem dritten Einzelkolben K3S ist als Druckelement eine erste Druckstange 16s angeordnet; - an dem vierten Einzelkolben K4S ist als Druckelement eine zweite Druckstange 36E angeordnet;- On the third individual piston K3 S a first push rod 16 s is arranged as a pressure element; - On the fourth individual piston K4 S , a second push rod 36 E is arranged as a pressure element;
- der Kanal 7 zwischen dem ersten Einzelzylinder ZI und dem dritten Einzelzylinder Z3S wurde durch eine starre Druckleitung 7S ersetzt; - der Kanal 27 zwischen dem zweiten Einzelzylinder Z2 und dem vierten Einzelzylinder Z4S wurde durch eine starre Druckleitung 27s ersetzt.- The channel 7 between the first individual cylinder ZI and the third individual cylinder Z3 S was replaced by a rigid pressure line 7 S ; - The channel 27 between the second individual cylinder Z2 and the fourth individual cylinder Z4 S was replaced by a rigid pressure line 27 s .
Insgesamt wurde mit der Erfindung eine hydraulische Schliessvorrichtung geschaffen, die einen einfachen und kompakten Aufbau aufweist und bei welcher auf externe zu bewegende und elastische Druckleitungen verzichtet werden kann. Overall, the invention has created a hydraulic locking device which has a simple and compact structure and in which there is no need for external and elastic pressure lines to be moved.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Hydraulisch-mechanische Schliessvorrichtung, insbesondere zum Querfliesspressen, mit zwei relativ zueinander bewegbaren und miteinander verschliessbaren Matrizenhälften (Ml, M2) und zwei mit gleichen Geschwindigkeiten relativ zu den geschlossenen Matrizenhälften (Ml, M2) bewegbaren Pressstempeln (Sl, S2) , wobei ein erster Hydraulikkolben (Kl), an dem die erste Matrizenhälfte (Ml) angeordnet ist, in einem axial bewegbaren ersten Hydraulikzylinder (ZI) und ein zweiter Hydraulikkolben (K2) in einem gestellfesten zweiten Hydraulikzylinder (Z2) verschiebbar lagern, wobei die zweite Matrizenhälfte (M2) gestellfest und der zweite Pressstempel (S2) am zweiten Hydraulikkolben (K2) angeord- net ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass1.Hydraulic-mechanical locking device, in particular for transverse extrusion, with two die halves (Ml, M2) that can be moved and closed with respect to one another and two press punches (Sl, S2) that can be moved at the same speed relative to the closed die halves (Ml, M2), whereby one First hydraulic piston (Kl), on which the first die half (Ml) is arranged, slidably in an axially movable first hydraulic cylinder (ZI) and a second hydraulic piston (K2) in a frame-fixed second hydraulic cylinder (Z2), the second die half (M2 ) fixed to the frame and the second press ram (S2) is arranged on the second hydraulic piston (K2), characterized in that
- der erste Hydraulikzylinder (ZI) mit wenigstens einem dritten Hydraulikzylinder (Z3; Z3E; Z3S) verbunden ist, in welchem ein dritter Hydraulikkolben (K3; K3E; K3S) geführt ist, - der dritte Hydraulikkolben (K3; K3E; K3S) im geschlossenen Zustand der Schliessvorrichtung an einem vierten Hydraulikkolben (K4; K4E; K4S) angreift, der in einem gestellfesten vierten Hydraulikzylinder (Z4; Z4E; Z4S) geführt ist, - der erste Hydraulikzylinder (ZI) mit dem dritten Hydraulikzylinder (Z3; Z3E; Z3S) in Verbindung steht derart, dass das aus dem ersten Hydraulikzylinder (ZI) bei einer Vorschubbewegung verdrängte Druckmittel (D) in den dritten Hydraulikzylinder (Z3; Z3E; Z3S) fliesst, so dass der dritte Hydraulikkolben (K3; K3E; K3S) den vierten Hydraulikkolben (K4; K4E; K4S) in Vorschubrichtung bewegt,- The first hydraulic cylinder (ZI) is connected to at least a third hydraulic cylinder (Z3; Z3 E ; Z3 S ), in which a third hydraulic piston (K3; K3 E ; K3 S ) is guided, - The third hydraulic piston (K3; K3 E ; K3 S) in the closed state of the closing device on a fourth hydraulic piston (K4; engages K4 S), which (in a frame-fixed fourth hydraulic cylinder Z4; K4 e Z4 e; Z4 S) is guided, - the first hydraulic cylinder (ZI) with the third hydraulic cylinder (Z3; Z3 E ; Z3 S ) is connected in such a way that the pressure medium (D) displaced from the first hydraulic cylinder (ZI) during a feed movement flows into the third hydraulic cylinder (Z3; Z3 E ; Z3 S ), so that the third hydraulic piston (K3; K3 E ; K3 S ) moves the fourth hydraulic piston (K4; K4 E ; K4 S ) in the feed direction,
- derart, dass über den vierten Hydraulikkolben (K4; K4E; K4S) Druckmittel (D) aus dem vierten Hydraulikzylinder- In such a way that via the fourth hydraulic piston (K4; K4 E ; K4 S ) pressure medium (D) from the fourth hydraulic cylinder
(Z4; Z4E; Z4S) in den zweiten Hydraulikzylinder (Z2) ver- drängbar und somit der zweite Hydraulikkolben (K2) mit dem erforderlichen Umformdruck beaufschlagbar ist, so dass sich die Pressstempel (Sl, S2) aufeinander zu bewegen.(Z4; Z4 E ; Z4 S ) can be displaced into the second hydraulic cylinder (Z2) and thus the second hydraulic piston (K2) with the required forming pressure can be applied so that the press rams (S1, S2) move towards one another.
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der dritte Hydraulikkolben (K3) und der vierte Hydraulikkolben (K4) als Ringkolben ausgebildet sind.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the third hydraulic piston (K3) and the fourth hydraulic piston (K4) are designed as annular pistons.
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekenn- zeichnet, dass der dritte Hydraulikkolben (K3; K3E; K3S) und der vierte Hydraulikkolben (K4; K4E; K4S) zueinander fluchtend angeordnet sind.3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the third hydraulic piston (K3; K3 E ; K3 S ) and the fourth hydraulic piston (K4; K4 E ; K4 S ) are arranged in alignment with one another.
4. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, da- durch gekennzeichnet, dass das bei der Vorschubbewegung in den ersten und dritten Hydraulikzylindern (ZI, Z3; Z3E; Z3S) verdrängte Volumen des Druckmittels (D) gleich gross ist wie das in den zweiten und vierten Hydraulikzylindern (Z2, Z4; Z4E; Z4S) verdrängte Volumen des Druckmittels (D) .4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the volume of the pressure medium (D) displaced during the feed movement in the first and third hydraulic cylinders (ZI, Z3; Z3 E ; Z3 S ) is the same size as that in the second and fourth hydraulic cylinders (Z2, Z4; Z4 E ; Z4 S ) displaced volume of the pressure medium (D).
5. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste Hydraulikkolben (Kl) und der zweite Hydraulikkolben (K2) gleiche Kolbenflächen aufweisen.5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the first hydraulic piston (Kl) and the second hydraulic piston (K2) have the same piston surfaces.
6. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kolbenfläche des vierten Hydraulikkolbens (K4; K4E; K4S) entsprechend der Kolbenfläche des zweiten Hydraulikkolbens (K2) und der durch die dritten und vierten Hydraulikkolben (K3, K4; K3E, K4E; K3S, K4S) zurückgelegten Wege bei der Vorschubbewegung festgelegt sind.6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the piston surface of the fourth hydraulic piston (K4; K4 E ; K4 S ) corresponding to the piston surface of the second hydraulic piston (K2) and by the third and fourth hydraulic pistons (K3, K4 ; K3 E , K4 E ; K3 S , K4 S ) are covered during the feed movement.
7. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, da- durch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kolbenfläche des vierten Hydraulikkolbens (K4; K4E; K4S) im Verhältnis zur Kolbenfläche des dritten Hydraulikkolbens (K3; K3E; K3S) halbiert ist, wenn der vierte Hydraulikkolben (K4; K4E; K4S) den doppelten Weg zurücklegt wie der dritte Hydraulikkolben (K3; K3E; K3S) .7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the piston surface of the fourth Hydraulic piston (K4; K4 E ; K4 S ) is halved in relation to the piston area of the third hydraulic piston (K3; K3 E ; K3 S ) when the fourth hydraulic piston (K4; K4 E ; K4 S ) covers twice the distance as the third hydraulic piston (K3; K3 E ; K3 S ).
8. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der dritte Hydraulikkolben in mehrere dritte Einzelkolben (K3E) und/oder der vierte Hyd- raulikkolben in mehrere vierte Einzelkolben (K4E) unterteilt ist, wobei die Einzelkolben (K3E, K4E) jeweils auf einem gemeinsamen Teilkreis angeordnet sind.8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the third hydraulic piston is divided into several third individual pistons (K3 E ) and / or the fourth hydraulic piston into several fourth individual pistons (K4 E ), the individual pistons (K3 E , K4 E) are each arranged on a common pitch circle.
9. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, da- durch gekennzeichnet, dass der dritte Hydraulikzylinder in mehrere dritte Einzelzylinder (Z3E) und/oder der vierte Hydraulikzylinder in mehrere vierte Einzelzylinder (Z4E) unterteilt ist.9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the third hydraulic cylinder is divided into several third individual cylinders (Z3 E ) and / or the fourth hydraulic cylinder is divided into several fourth individual cylinders (Z4 E ).
10. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der dritte Hydraulikkolben als ein dritter Einzelkolben (K3S) und der vierte Hydraulikkolben als ein vierter Einzelkolben (K4S) ausgebildet ist, wobei die Einzelkolben (K3S, K4S) seitlich des ersten und zweiten Hydraulikzylinders (ZI, Z2) einander fluchtend gegenüber angeordnet sind.10. The device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the third hydraulic piston is designed as a third individual piston (K3 S ) and the fourth hydraulic piston as a fourth individual piston (K4 S ), the individual pistons (K3 S , K4 S ) on the side of the first and second hydraulic cylinders (ZI, Z2) are arranged in alignment with one another.
11. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der dritte Hydraulikzylinder als ein dritter Einzelzylinder (Z3S) und der vierte Hydraulikzylinder als ein vierter Einzelzylinder (Z4S) ausgebildet ist.11. The device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the third hydraulic cylinder is designed as a third individual cylinder (Z3 S ) and the fourth hydraulic cylinder as a fourth individual cylinder (Z4 S ).
12. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, da- durch gekennzeichnet, dass der dritte Hydraulikkolben (K3; K3E; K3S) und der vierte Hydraulikkolben (K4; K4E; K4S) über Druckelemente (16, 36; 16E, 36E; 16s, 36s) in Verbindung stehen.12. Device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the third hydraulic piston (K3; K3 E ; K3 S ) and the fourth hydraulic piston (K4; K4 E ; K4 S ) are connected via pressure elements (16, 36; 16 E , 36 E ; 16 s , 36 s ).
13. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Druckelemente (16, 36) als Druckstangen (16E, 36E; 16s, 36s) ausgebildet sind.13. The apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that the pressure elements (16, 36) are designed as push rods (16 E , 36 E ; 16 s , 36 s ).
14. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, da- durch gekennzeichnet, dass der dritte Hydraulikzylinder14. Device according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the third hydraulic cylinder
(Z3; Z3E; Z3S) über eine Zwischenplatte (6) an einem Pres- senstössel angeordnet ist.(Z3; Z3 E ; Z3 S ) is arranged on an press ram via an intermediate plate (6).
15. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14, da- durch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste Pressstempel (Sl) an einem mit dem Stössel verbundenen Druckstück (8) befestigt ist .15. Device according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the first press ram (S1) is attached to a pressure piece (8) connected to the ram.
16. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 15, da- durch gekennzeichnet, dass die zweite Matrizenhälfte (M2) am zweiten Hydraulikzylinder (Z2) gestellfest angeordnet ist .16. Device according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the second die half (M2) on the second hydraulic cylinder (Z2) is arranged fixed to the frame.
17. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 16, da- durch gekennzeichnet, dass die Hydraulikzylinder über eine17. Device according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the hydraulic cylinder via a
Druckleitung mit Druckmittel befüllbar sind. Pressure line can be filled with pressure medium.
EP02719598A 2001-05-11 2002-04-30 Hydro-mechanical clamp in particular for transverse extrusion Expired - Lifetime EP1385652B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10123745A DE10123745C2 (en) 2001-05-11 2001-05-11 Hydraulic-mechanical locking device, preferably for cross extrusion
DE10123745 2001-05-11
PCT/CH2002/000237 WO2002092258A1 (en) 2001-05-11 2002-04-30 Hydro-mechanical clamp in particular for transverse extrusion

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EP1385652A1 true EP1385652A1 (en) 2004-02-04
EP1385652B1 EP1385652B1 (en) 2005-06-29

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EP (1) EP1385652B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3949057B2 (en)
KR (1) KR100593227B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE298638T1 (en)
CZ (1) CZ297240B6 (en)
DE (2) DE10123745C2 (en)
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KR100593227B1 (en) 2006-06-28
KR20030093333A (en) 2003-12-06
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JP3949057B2 (en) 2007-07-25
DE10123745A1 (en) 2002-11-21
US20040129053A1 (en) 2004-07-08
EP1385652B1 (en) 2005-06-29
ES2242009T3 (en) 2005-11-01
US7059165B2 (en) 2006-06-13
DE50203512D1 (en) 2005-08-04
CZ20033322A3 (en) 2004-08-18
CZ297240B6 (en) 2006-10-11
ATE298638T1 (en) 2005-07-15
DE10123745C2 (en) 2003-07-03
JP2004524978A (en) 2004-08-19

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