EP1377728A1 - Rotary compressor - Google Patents
Rotary compressorInfo
- Publication number
- EP1377728A1 EP1377728A1 EP02766621A EP02766621A EP1377728A1 EP 1377728 A1 EP1377728 A1 EP 1377728A1 EP 02766621 A EP02766621 A EP 02766621A EP 02766621 A EP02766621 A EP 02766621A EP 1377728 A1 EP1377728 A1 EP 1377728A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- piston
- separating web
- swivel
- displacer
- housing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000639 Spring steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002457 flexible plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013536 elastomeric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01C1/00—Rotary-piston machines or engines
- F01C1/30—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
- F01C1/38—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/02 and having a hinged member
- F01C1/39—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/02 and having a hinged member with vanes hinged to the inner as well as to the outer member
Definitions
- the invention relates to a swivel piston displacer with a displacer housing, in which an approximately cylindrical receiving space is provided for an approximately cylindrical, smaller outside diameter and eccentrically mounted to the receiving space on an eccentric drive, which forms an approximately crescent-shaped space between its outer wall and the inner wall of the receiving space.
- which is divided into a pressure chamber and a suction chamber by a separating web arranged between an inlet opening and an outlet opening, the outer and inner fastening points of the separating web connected on the one hand to the housing and on the other hand to the pivoting piston being offset in the circumferential direction of the pivoting piston are arranged to each other and wherein the separator is made of bendable material.
- a swivel piston displacer of the type mentioned at the outset is already known, in the displacer housing of which an approximately cylindrical receiving space is provided for an approximately cylindrical swivel piston which is smaller in the outer diameter and is eccentrically mounted to the receiving space on an eccentric drive.
- This pivoting piston forms between its outer wall on the one hand and the inner wall of the receiving space on the other hand an approximately crescent-shaped intermediate space which is divided into a pressure space and a suction space by a separating web.
- This separating web, the fastening points of which are offset with respect to one another in the circumferential direction of the pivoting piston, are connected on the one hand to the housing and on the other hand to the pivoting piston, and can be made from bendable material become.
- the separating web is also made of a flexible material, for example a thin spring metal strip or a spring strip package, or of an elastomeric material, for example reinforced rubber, or as one composed of such materials Construction can be made, the separator always has a uniform thickness.
- DE 26 28 365 A1 does not rule out that the u.a. separator made of elastic or flexible materials or material layers at least approximately maintains the elasticity of the material used for it.
- a so-called rotary piston compressor which has a compressor housing with an approximately cylindrical receiving space. In the receiving space there is also a roughly cylindrical roller piston, the outer diameter of which is smaller and which is mounted eccentrically to the receiving space on an eccentric drive.
- the known rotary piston compressor has a metal connecting link, which on the one hand on the rotary piston and other is held articulated on the peripheral wall delimiting the receiving space.
- the connecting element which separates the suction chamber from the pressure chamber, consists of a circular arc piece provided with bolt-shaped articulation links, which fits tightly into a recess in the housing wall when the rolling piston is rolled off, as a result of which a rolling rolling overflow of the rolling piston is achieved. While the outlet slot is permanently connected to the pressure side, the connecting member controls the inlet slot of this otherwise valveless individual compressor during its pivoting movement.
- a displacer has also already been created, in which a separating web held in the displacer housing protrudes in a recess in the rolling piston which tapers in a wedge shape in the direction of the dividing web (cf. US Pat. No. 4,157,882).
- This separating web is acted upon on both sides by sealing strips which are displaceably guided in the rolling piston and are pressed to the separating web in a sealing manner by means of compression springs.
- Displacer Since only a linear seal can be achieved in the working space with the aid of the sealing strips, the working pressure which can be achieved with these previously known displacers is rather limited. In addition, in this known displacer, various metal parts rub against one another in the region of the separating web, so that conveying abrasive media and this is prohibited Displacer has only a limited area of application.
- a swivel piston displacer is known in which the crescent-shaped intermediate space remaining between the swivel piston outer wall and the inner wall of the receiving space is divided by a separating web which consists of an elastic material.
- This separating web which is oriented approximately radially to the swivel piston, is cyclically compressed and stretched on the inner wall of the receiving space when the swivel piston rolls. Because of these stretching and compressive loads, the elastic material of the separating web is stressed in such a way that the separating web connected to the pivoting piston has only a comparatively short service life.
- the solution to this problem according to the invention consists, in particular, in the case of the swivel piston displacer of the type mentioned at the outset, in that the separating web has bending sections near its two fastening ends and, in between, an intermediate section which is more resistant to bending.
- the separating web of the swivel piston displacer according to the invention which is also made of bendable material, has an intermediate section which is more rigid than the bending sections provided near the fastening ends and is therefore relatively insensitive to compression of the separating web.
- the design of the separating web according to the invention allows this dividing web to be able to absorb the relatively large tensile and, in particular, the compressive forces caused by the high-speed swing piston compressor on the dividing web mass forces can arise.
- the separating web Since the separating web, with its web end serving as a point of articulation on the pivoting piston, is moved up and down, for example, on a circular arc in the receiving space by the oscillating pivoting piston, considerable forces act on the dividing web, of which in particular the compressive or compressive forces considerably increase the flexible material of the dividing web can claim.
- the more rigid design of the separating web intermediate section effectively counteracts deformation of the dividing web in this region caused by compression.
- the bending sections are designed to be considerably more flexible and facilitate a hinge-like tilting of the separating web in this region arranged near the fastening ends.
- the swivel piston displacer according to the invention also has no metal parts rubbing against one another, which should not be exposed to abrasive media or require additional lubrication in the area of the receiving space. Since the separating web connected on the one hand to the housing and on the other hand to the pivoting piston runs approximately in a spiral between its outer and inner fastening points, this dividing web is only subjected to a bending stress when the pivoting piston rolls off, but not to additional stretching and compressive loads.
- the swivel piston displacer according to the invention is characterized in this respect by a long service life and versatile versatility ,
- the long service life is further increased by the fact that the flexible separating web is not subjected to any elastic deformation, so that a additional energy expenditure and flexing work associated with increased warming at the separating web can be avoided.
- Attachment point is arranged on the pivoting piston that the
- Separator in contact position on the inner wall of the receiving space covers the inlet or outlet opening.
- the separating web is pressed against the inlet or outlet opening in such a sealing manner during the rolling movements of the pivoting piston that an output-reducing backflow of the conveyed medium can be avoided.
- the separating web covers the opening of the inlet channel in the bearing position on the inner wall of the receiving space.
- a preferred embodiment which is characterized by a particularly high work rate, provides that the outer fastening point of the separating web on the housing between the inlet opening and the outlet opening close to the outlet opening and the inner fastening point of the dividing web on the pivoting piston next to the inlet opening, the outlet opening facing away, are arranged.
- a hinge-like tilting of the separator during the Rolling movements of the swivel piston are facilitated if the separating web has bead-like, preferably round or rounded cross-sections on its fastening ends and if there are suitable fastening recesses in the housing and the swivel piston.
- the bead-like fastening projections of the dividing web protrude on opposite sides of its central longitudinal plane and if the dividing web is preferably approximately in the longitudinal section in the broadest sense S-shaped.
- the separating web of the swivel piston displacer according to the invention does not necessarily have to be made of elastic material, but can also consist of flexible material alone, the separating web can consist, for example, of flexible plastic and / or an elastomer and / or spring steel.
- the two bending sections of the dividing web have a smaller cross section than the intermediate section.
- the separating web must be able to absorb the torque of the swivel piston not only as a tensile force but also as a compressive force. This can be achieved by a corresponding, for example thickened, shape of the separating web and / or, for example, a reinforcement incorporated into the separating web.
- a preferred embodiment according to the invention provides that the intermediate Cut the separating web has a reinforcement, preferably a reinforcing insert to increase the pressure rigidity in the connection plane between the fastening ends.
- the housing and / or the pivoting piston have recesses in the circumferential course of the dividing web for at least partially receiving the dividing web.
- a short circuit between the pressure and suction chamber can be effectively avoided if at least one circumferentially closed seal is provided on the side next to the pivoting piston between at least one of its side walls and the housing or a drive shaft guide.
- ring seals and / or bellows seals can be provided as seals.
- An advantageous embodiment according to the invention provides that the swivel piston displacer is designed as a compressor and that the compressor preferably has at least one outlet valve.
- the swivel piston displacer is part of a compressed air motor and that at least two swivel piston displacers arranged axially next to one another are provided with swivel pistons preferably offset by 180 ° in the direction of rotation. If the swivel pistons are arranged offset by 180 °, overflow of the compressed air between the inlet and outlet opening is prevented when the swivel piston is in the 12 o'clock position. In this way, the motor can be started from any position. Further developments according to the invention are presented in further claims. The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of advantageous embodiments in conjunction with the claims.
- FIG. 1 shows a swivel piston displacer designed as a liquid pump in a longitudinal section (FIG.
- FIG. 2 shows the swivel piston displacer from FIG. 1 in a swivel position of its swivel piston offset by 90 ° with respect to FIG. 1,
- FIG. 3 shows the swivel piston displacer from FIGS. 1 and 2 in a swivel position of its swivel piston offset by 180 ° with respect to FIG. 1,
- FIG. 4 shows a swivel piston displacer comparable to FIGS. 1 to 3, but designed here as a compressor, in a longitudinal section (FIG. 4a) and a cross section (FIG. 4b),
- FIG. 7 shows a modified version of such a separator.
- FIGS. 1 to 5 Different designs 1, 2, 3 of a swivel piston displacer are shown in FIGS. 1 to 5.
- the swivel piston displacers 1, 2 and 3 have a displacer housing 4 which delimits at least one approximately cylindrical receiving space 5.
- an approximately cylindrical pivot piston 6 with a somewhat smaller outside diameter is provided in the at least one receiving space 5.
- the pivoting piston 6 of the at least one receiving space 5 is mounted on an eccentric drive 7.
- pivoting piston 6 forms between its outer wall and the inner wall of the
- Recording space 5 an approximately crescent-shaped space. This intermediate space is divided by a separating web 8 into a pressure chamber 9 and a suction chamber 10.
- the separating web 8 which is connected to the swivel piston 6 with its one end, is held with its other end between an inlet opening 11 located in the displacer housing 4 and an outlet opening 12 on the displacer housing 4.
- the separating web 8 runs approximately in a spiral between its outer and inner fastening point with respect to the center point of the receiving space.
- the outer and inner fastening points of the separating web 8 are arranged offset to one another in the circumferential direction of the pivoting piston 6.
- the separating web 8 during the rolling movements of the pivoting piston 6 on the inner circumference of the housing is only subjected to a bending stress in the area of its fastening points, but not additionally to excessive tensile or compressive loads.
- the separator 8 can therefore consist of flexible material alone and does not necessarily have to be made of elastic material.
- the separating web 8 can thus consist of flexible plastic, an elastomer and / or spring steel.
- the swivel piston displacers 1, 2, 3 shown here have no metal parts rubbing against each other, which should not be exposed to abrasive media or which require additional lubrication in the area of the receiving space. Since the separating web 8 connected on the one hand to the displacer housing 4 and on the other hand to the pivoting piston 6 extends approximately in a spiral between its outer and inner fastening points, this dividing web 8 is only subjected to a bending stress when the pivoting piston 6 rolls off. Since the flexible separating web 8 is not exposed to any elastic deformation, flexing work on the dividing web 8 associated with additional energy expenditure and increased heating is avoided.
- the swivel piston displacers 1, 2, 3 shown here are therefore characterized by a long service life and their versatility.
- the outer fastening point of the separating web 8 on the displacer 4 between the inlet opening 11 and the outlet opening 12 and the inner fastening point on the pivoting piston 6 is circumferentially offset from one another in such a way that the separating web 8 is in the contact position on the Inner wall of the receiving space covers the inlet opening 11. An undesirable backflow of the pumped medium displaced to the outlet through the inlet opening 11 is thus prevented.
- the separating web 8 receiving the torque of the pivoting piston 8 and preventing it from rotating about the axis is only subjected to a tensile load here.
- the outer fastening point of the separating web on the housing between the inlet opening 11 and the outlet opening 12 is close to the outlet opening 12 and the inner fastening point of the dividing web 8 on the pivoting piston 6 next to the inlet opening 11, the outlet opening 12, arranged facing away.
- the separating web 8 can be integrally formed on the outside of the swivel piston 6.
- the separating web 8 is detachably held both on the displacer housing 4 and on the pivoting piston 6.
- the separating web 8 has at its fastening ends bead-like, preferably approximately round or rounded cross-sections 15, which are held in the housing 4 and on the pivoting piston 6 in matching fastening recesses.
- These bead-like fastening projections 15, which facilitate a hinge-like tilting of the separating web 8 during the rolling movement of the pivoting piston 6, project on opposite sides of the central longitudinal plane of the dividing web and thereby give the dividing web 8 an almost S-shaped outer contour.
- the housing 4 and the pivoting piston 6 have recesses in the circumferential course of the dividing web 8 for at least partially receiving the dividing web 8.
- the receiving space of the liquid pump shown in Figures 1 to 3 is hermetically sealed.
- a circumferentially closed seal 16 is provided laterally next to the pivoting piston 6 on its drive-side side wall and an adjacent drive shaft guide 13, which is designed here as a bellows seal.
- the swivel piston displacer 2 shown in FIG. 4 is designed as a compressor.
- an outlet valve 20 is provided in order to prevent the compressed gases from flowing back.
- the outlet valve 20 has a centrally held diaphragm disk which closes the outlet openings 12 on the displacer housing 4.
- Swing piston displacer 2 does not require a bellows seal 16 when pumping air.
- a bellows seal 16 When pumping air.
- FIGS. 1b to 3b is only required in the case of a compressor 2 which, for example, has to pump toxic, expensive or radioactive gases.
- the side surfaces of the pivoting piston 6 can be sealed with sealing rings which are not visible in FIG.
- a swivel piston displacer 3 is shown in FIG. 5, which serves here as a compressed air motor.
- the swivel piston displacer shown here and in particular the liquid pump 1 according to FIGS. 1 to 3 can also be used as reversible, i.e. Rotation direction variable pump can be configured. Since the separating web 8 in such a reversible liquid pump 1 must absorb the torque of the pivoting piston 6 not only as a tensile force but also as a compressive force, reinforcement of the separating web 8 at least in certain areas is expedient. In all of the swivel piston displacers shown here, the separating web 8 must also be able to accommodate the pressure differences between the pressure chamber 9 and the suction chamber 10. Corresponding reinforcements and support options are also advantageous for this. Such reinforcement can be achieved, for example, by the shape of the separating web 8 shown in FIG.
- the separating web 8 has a reinforcing insert 21 in the region of its intermediate section 22, with which the pressure rigidity in the connection plane between the fastening ends of the dividing web 8 can be increased (FIG. 7).
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Compressor (AREA)
- Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
- Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10118602 | 2001-04-12 | ||
DE10118602 | 2001-04-12 | ||
PCT/EP2002/003920 WO2002088525A1 (en) | 2001-04-12 | 2002-04-09 | Rotary compressor |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1377728A1 true EP1377728A1 (en) | 2004-01-07 |
EP1377728B1 EP1377728B1 (en) | 2005-06-15 |
Family
ID=7681588
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP02766621A Expired - Lifetime EP1377728B1 (en) | 2001-04-12 | 2002-04-09 | Rotary compressor |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6827564B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1377728B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4060192B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR20040087855A (en) |
DE (1) | DE50203412D1 (en) |
TW (1) | TW520415B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002088525A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR20050098172A (en) * | 2004-04-06 | 2005-10-11 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Structure for reducing gas leakage of rotary compressor |
US9057267B2 (en) * | 2005-03-09 | 2015-06-16 | Merton W. Pekrul | Rotary engine swing vane apparatus and method of operation therefor |
JP2007046537A (en) * | 2005-08-10 | 2007-02-22 | Toshiba Kyaria Kk | Hermetic rotary compressor and refrigeration cycle device using same |
WO2007038140A2 (en) * | 2005-09-21 | 2007-04-05 | Delaware Capital Formation, Inc. | Elastomeric reciprocating compressor valve spring |
US7766636B2 (en) * | 2006-06-15 | 2010-08-03 | Ronald Szepesy | Oscillating variable displacement ring pump |
US8529235B2 (en) * | 2006-06-15 | 2013-09-10 | Ronald Szepesy | Oscillating variable displacement ring pump |
WO2008014688A1 (en) * | 2006-07-26 | 2008-02-07 | Xiaoying Yun | A rotary piston compressor |
JP2010071145A (en) * | 2008-09-17 | 2010-04-02 | Nippon Pisuko:Kk | Fluid pump |
CA2809945C (en) | 2010-08-30 | 2018-10-16 | Oscomp Systems Inc. | Compressor with liquid injection cooling |
US9267504B2 (en) | 2010-08-30 | 2016-02-23 | Hicor Technologies, Inc. | Compressor with liquid injection cooling |
CN104295395A (en) * | 2013-07-16 | 2015-01-21 | 磊擎动力技术有限公司 | Piston mechanism assembly |
DE102013215962A1 (en) * | 2013-08-13 | 2015-03-12 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Rotary table bearings |
CN104389789A (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2015-03-04 | 广东工业大学 | Minitype compressor |
CN105840497A (en) * | 2015-01-12 | 2016-08-10 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Multiphase fluid conveying and pressurizing device |
CN108087251A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-05-29 | 宁波新邦工具有限公司 | A kind of rotator type compressed air generating means |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2036543A (en) * | 1936-04-07 | Volume and pressure-controlled | ||
US1681583A (en) * | 1926-03-29 | 1928-08-21 | Guttner Georg | Rotary motor or compressor |
CH193720A (en) | 1935-11-21 | 1937-10-31 | Alsacienne Constr Meca | Volumetric rotary machine. |
FR1226912A (en) | 1959-06-09 | 1960-08-18 | Rotary compressor | |
FR1341348A (en) * | 1962-12-19 | 1963-10-25 | Fluid pump | |
SU812963A1 (en) * | 1974-02-08 | 1981-03-15 | Предприятие П/Я А-3634 | Vacuum pump |
DE2628365A1 (en) | 1975-06-26 | 1977-01-13 | Boc Ltd | ROTATING COMPRESSORS |
US4157882A (en) | 1977-11-17 | 1979-06-12 | Alois Theisen | Device for sealing between the rotary piston and the separating slide of a rotary engine, a rotary piston pump, or the like |
DE2751384A1 (en) | 1977-11-17 | 1979-05-23 | Popp Hans Peter Dipl Ing | Flexible, cylindrical, hollow eccentric pump impeller - is retained in chamber by bridge between inlet and outlet, bridge end being formed as round rib |
CH625598A5 (en) | 1977-12-01 | 1981-09-30 | Balzers Hochvakuum | |
CH657665A5 (en) * | 1980-10-16 | 1986-09-15 | Peter Stillhart Fa | Rotary piston engine |
JPS58124081A (en) * | 1982-01-18 | 1983-07-23 | Caterpillar Mitsubishi Ltd | Impeller for use in pump |
JPS608489A (en) | 1983-06-25 | 1985-01-17 | Mitsue Tamasaki | Rotary compressor |
SU1492084A1 (en) * | 1987-11-09 | 1989-07-07 | Омский политехнический институт | Rotary compressor having rolled rotor |
CN1204010A (en) * | 1998-05-08 | 1999-01-06 | 云晓璎 | Rotor pump |
-
2002
- 2002-04-09 EP EP02766621A patent/EP1377728B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-04-09 KR KR10-2003-7012779A patent/KR20040087855A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-04-09 DE DE50203412T patent/DE50203412D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-04-09 WO PCT/EP2002/003920 patent/WO2002088525A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2002-04-09 JP JP2002585791A patent/JP4060192B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-04-09 US US10/467,750 patent/US6827564B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-04-11 TW TW091107295A patent/TW520415B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO02088525A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1377728B1 (en) | 2005-06-15 |
US6827564B2 (en) | 2004-12-07 |
JP2004530826A (en) | 2004-10-07 |
US20040071577A1 (en) | 2004-04-15 |
DE50203412D1 (en) | 2005-07-21 |
TW520415B (en) | 2003-02-11 |
JP4060192B2 (en) | 2008-03-12 |
WO2002088525A1 (en) | 2002-11-07 |
KR20040087855A (en) | 2004-10-15 |
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