EP1368158B1 - Verfahren zur strahlbehandlung mit strahlmitteln - Google Patents
Verfahren zur strahlbehandlung mit strahlmitteln Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1368158B1 EP1368158B1 EP02735115A EP02735115A EP1368158B1 EP 1368158 B1 EP1368158 B1 EP 1368158B1 EP 02735115 A EP02735115 A EP 02735115A EP 02735115 A EP02735115 A EP 02735115A EP 1368158 B1 EP1368158 B1 EP 1368158B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- coatings
- process according
- materials
- blasting
- blasted
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
- B24C1/08—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for polishing surfaces, e.g. smoothing a surface by making use of liquid-borne abrasives
- B24C1/086—Descaling; Removing coating films
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
- B24C1/003—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods using material which dissolves or changes phase after the treatment, e.g. ice, CO2
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for blasting objects with blasting media according to the preamble of claim 1, which e.g. is known from WO-A-00/67928.
- the irradiation of objects as a treatment method with abrasives is known in numerous industrial applications.
- the Known beam treatment methods can be used in terms of Divide the abrasive into two groups.
- the first group concerns blasting with conventional blasting media such as in particular Quartz sand (sandblasting), but also with other conventional abrasives such as steel gravel, cast iron gravel, wire grain and corundum.
- conventional blasting media such as in particular Quartz sand (sandblasting)
- other conventional abrasives such as steel gravel, cast iron gravel, wire grain and corundum.
- abrasive for the dry abrasive blasting treatment can also use other inorganic or organic abrasives or plant-based abrasives are used. All these conventional abrasives have the common property that the Abrasives are in a solid state under normal conditions. They work in usually abrasive.
- abrasive blasting media is a mixture of blasted material and blasting media which are usually disposed of with great effort and costs got to.
- blasting media are generally softer than conventional blasting media and therefore ensure blasting treatment with less abrasiveness compared to blasting treatments with conventional blasting media in the solid state under normal conditions.
- Dry ice (CO 2 ) which has proven itself in numerous applications, is to be mentioned in particular as a representative of the group of blasting agents which are present in fluid form under normal conditions.
- solid carbon dioxide is used in the form of compressed, generally rice-granules.
- CO 2 pellets are metered into a gas stream in a blasting system, conveyed with the gas stream to a blasting nozzle and passed through the blasting nozzle onto the surface to be processed.
- the blasting nozzle is usually installed in a blasting gun.
- dry ice pellets are made in a pelletizer.
- liquid carbon dioxide is injected into the pelletizer, transferred to dry ice (snow) by expansion, compressed into a "cake” and finally pressed through a die.
- the result is roughly rice-sized CO 2 pellets with a certain size distribution.
- the granules produced in this way typically have mean values of a length of 8 mm and a diameter of 3 mm.
- the hardness of dry ice roughly corresponds to the low hardness of gypsum.
- the invention has for its object a method for the removal of materials containing sulfur or soot or coke or coatings in apparatus or plant parts for the thermal splitting of Show hydrocarbons or in parts of Claus plants.
- an effective blast treatment of surfaces - in particular an effective cleaning of surfaces - with the help of dry ice, i.e. mitttels abrasives present in normal form in fluid form are guaranteed even if accumulations, deposits, buildup, deposits or Coatings made of materials with a greater hardness than dry ice become.
- Dry ice has a very low temperature of around -78 ° C.
- the low one Temperature means a high temperature difference ⁇ T to the one to be removed Material.
- the high flow rate (preferably 100 to 300 m / s) of the Carrier gas leads to high turbulence and thus high heat transfer coefficients ⁇ .
- High heat transfer coefficients ⁇ and a high temperature difference ⁇ T mean very quick, superficial cooling. With material that is bad It has thermal conductivity, as is the case with sulfur, for example high temperature gradients within the contamination layer. This in turn lead to high thermal voltages that are not reduced by heat conduction. As a result, the material becomes brittle due to the low temperature structural changes, the weakening of the material up to cracks after pull yourself.
- the blasting treatment is advantageously carried out using CO 2 pellets.
- the crack formation is reinforced by a second effect: CO 2 pellets, which hit a surface at high speed, generate high pressure at certain points at the point of impact.
- Solid CO 2 becomes liquid, similar to water ice under ice skates.
- Liquid CO 2 is a good solvent for many substances, especially organic materials.
- sulfur in particular, the locally occurring solution leads to a change in the crystal structure, which can regress again after some time. In the meantime, however, the different volumes of the crystal structures create stresses, which in turn promote crack formation.
- the dry ice or the CO 2 pellets hit the materials, coverings and / or coatings to be removed at high speed.
- the abrasion which would require particularly hard blasting material for hard coverings, is only of minor importance as an effect in the blasting treatment.
- the thermal conductivity the materials or coatings have a value less than 20 W / m ° K, preferably less than 15 W / m ° K, particularly preferably less than 9 W / m ° K.
- the thermal conductivity of the carrier material of the object is one Value greater than 30 W / m ° K, preferably greater than 35 W / m ° K, particularly preferred greater than 45 W / m ° K.
- the carrier material is often steel, the one Has thermal conductivity of approx.
- the nozzle is preferably from 50 m / s to 400 m / s from 100 to 350 m / s, particularly preferably from 200 to 300 m / s.
- the gas stream for conveying the dry ice or the CO 2 pellets can be composed of any suitable gas or gas mixture.
- compressed air is used to supply the blasting system, for example at a pressure of 5 to 20 bar, with a dew point of 5 ° C or drier.
- the dry ice particles or the CO 2 pellets are metered into the air stream, conveyed through the jet nozzle with the aid of the air stream, accelerated to a speed of up to 400 m / s and directed onto the surface to be cleaned.
- the materials or coatings to be treated have at least partially different from that of the object surface Coefficient of thermal expansion.
- coatings with a medium Thickness of over 2 ⁇ m can be irradiated, including centimeter thick layers can be successfully replaced. It has been shown that with very thin layers of a solid, the method according to the invention loses its effectiveness. In such thin layers is also poor heat conduction through the material to be removed on the underlying surface due to the small thickness, so good that, despite poor thermal conductivity, there is only a small temperature difference between material and surface. This also creates only low shear forces. In addition, the thin layer is only mechanically resilient, so that it adapts to the movements of the surface without detaching.
- organic materials or coatings can be irradiated.
- Sulfurcrete Form in parts of the plant such as sulfur condensers from Claus plants Sulfur, salts and catalyst wear from upstream reactors be called "Sulfurcrete”. Sulfurcrete is used, for example, in the Publication: H.G. Paskall, J.A. Sames: “Sulfur Recovery”, Calgary (Canada), 1989, mentioned in the chapter "Sulfur condenser function and problem areas”.
- Sulfurcrete is a solid whose hardness is similar to that of granite. Such toppings were previously with the help of drills or similar mechanical devices away. Damage to the apparatus and object surfaces due to this mechanical Cleaning cannot be completely avoided and lead to a low one Service life of the apparatus, for example the sulfur condensers mentioned. It has been shown that Sulfurcrete coverings using the invention Procedure can be effectively removed. With appropriate attempts Sulfurcrete coverings could be confirmed that blasting with dry ice particles despite their low hardness, the pads are made of harder Allow material to be separated from the surface of the object. Responsible for this unexpected fact is probably the special properties mentioned above of carbon dioxide and the lower thermal conductivity of Sulfurcrete the carrier material, usually steel. Specifically, the thermal conductivities are Steel approx. 46 W / m ° K, from Sulfurcrete approx. 0.5 to 1 W / m ° K.
- the invention has been particularly in the removal of soot or Proven coke-containing materials or coatings on objects.
- cleaning of can, quench coolers and the like Plant parts used in the thermal cracking of hydrocarbons be mentioned. In the following, this should be based on the example of cleaning Quench coolers in cracking furnaces of ethylene plants can be illustrated.
- the coke deposits narrow the free cross section of the gas flow.
- the coke deposits also act as Thermal insulation in the externally heated reaction tubes. This leads to the system parts must be decoked at regular intervals.
- the ovens and coolers must therefore be cooled every three to four months Condition can be cleaned mechanically.
- According to the state of the art Technology uses high pressure water of up to 2500 bar with which the deposits be removed from the pipe walls. This treatment leads to one sufficiently good cleaning, but leaves on the treated surfaces Damage, often shell-shaped washouts. In particular, by Corrosion of areas already attacked on the pipes or system parts is preferred washed out so that incipient damaged areas are further damaged.
- the treated surface is also treated with high pressure water not 100% metallic bright. Some impurities remain, so that Surface appears roughened and new deposits preferentially settle there.
- a major advantage of the method according to the invention is that during the surfaces can be polished, if necessary with the addition of Abrasionsangesmitteln.
- the roughness of the surfaces can be Reduce below 5 microns.
- new deposits on the smooth surface find no starting point and therefore not or only very much attach later. This significantly extends the life of the ovens.
- In practice can be a quarter to half of the mechanical cleaning required are eliminated, which means the availability of the furnaces and thus the amount of ethylene produced is increased by about 2 percent per year.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Cleaning In General (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
Description
- Know How, "Strahlreinigen nach Maß mit Cryoclean®", Dr. H.-J. Diehl, Linde AG, Werksgruppe Technische Gase, 2/96, 1996, Seiten 1 bis 5,
Claims (10)
- Verfahren zur Strahlbehandlung von Objekten mit Strahlmitteln, wobei die Strahlmittel mit Hilfe eines Gasstromes auf das zu bearbeitende Objekt gestrahlt werden, wobei als Strahlmittel zumindest Trockeneis eingesetzt wird und ein Objekt bestrahlt wird, welches ein mit Materialien oder Beschichtungen behaftetes Trägermaterial umfasst, wobei die Materialien oder Beschichtungen eine größere Härte als Trockeneis und eine geringere Wärmeleitfähigkeit als das Trägermaterial aufweisen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass schwefel- oder ruß- oder kokshaltige Materialien oder Beschichtungen in Apparaten oder Anlagenteilen, insbesondere Rohren, Spaltrohren oder Quenchkühlem, zur thermischen Spaltung von Kohlenwasserstoffen, insbesondere Ethylen, oder in Anlagenteilen von Claus-Anlagen bestrahlt werden.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Strahlbehandlung mit CO2-Pellets durchgeführt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wärmeleitfähigkeit der Materialien oder Beschichtungen einen Wert kleiner als 20 W/m°K, vorzugsweise kleiner als 15 W/m°K, besonders bevorzugt kleiner als 10 W/m°K, weiter insbesondere bevorzugt kleiner als 9 W/m°K, aufweist.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wärmeleitfähigkeit des Trägermaterials des Objektes einen Wert größer als 30 W/m°K, vorzugsweise größer als 35 W/m°K, besonders bevorzugt größer als 45 W/m°K, aufweist.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten des Trägergasstromes im Arbeitsbereich an der Düse von 50 m/s bis 400 m/s, vorzugsweise von 100 bis 350 m/s, besonders bevorzugt von 200 bis 300 m/s, betragen.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zu behandelnden Materialien oder Beschichtungen einen von dem der Objektoberfläche unterschiedlichen Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizienten aufweisen.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Beschichtungen mit einer mittleren Dicke von über 2 µm bestrahlt werden.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zusätzlich bei Normalbedingungen in festem Aggregatzustand vorliegende Strahlmittel verwendet werden.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass organische Materialien oder Beschichtungen bestrahlt werden.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Druck des Gasstromes 10 bis 100 bar, vorzugsweise 10 bis 20 bar beträgt.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10111235A DE10111235A1 (de) | 2001-03-08 | 2001-03-08 | Verfahren zur Strahlbehandlung mit Strahlmitteln |
DE10111235 | 2001-03-08 | ||
PCT/EP2002/002338 WO2002072312A1 (de) | 2001-03-08 | 2002-03-04 | Verfahren zur strahlbehandlung mit strahlmitteln |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1368158A1 EP1368158A1 (de) | 2003-12-10 |
EP1368158B1 true EP1368158B1 (de) | 2004-09-08 |
Family
ID=7676769
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP02735115A Expired - Lifetime EP1368158B1 (de) | 2001-03-08 | 2002-03-04 | Verfahren zur strahlbehandlung mit strahlmitteln |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1368158B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE275462T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE10111235A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2002072312A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE502004002009D1 (de) * | 2004-05-06 | 2006-12-28 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zum Einstellen der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit einer durch Druck in ihrer elektrischen Leitfähigkeit veränderbaren Beschichtung eines Maschinenbauteils durch Trockeneisstrahlen |
DE102010005762A1 (de) | 2010-01-25 | 2011-07-28 | Oerlikon Trading Ag, Trübbach | Reinigungsverfahren für Beschichtungsanlagen |
TWI539039B (zh) * | 2012-01-26 | 2016-06-21 | 希利柯爾材料股份有限公司 | 矽的純化方法 |
DE102012103539A1 (de) * | 2012-04-23 | 2013-10-24 | Koch Industrieanlagen Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur Reinigung der Türen von Verkokungsanlagen |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2627121B1 (fr) * | 1988-02-12 | 1994-07-01 | Carboxyque Francaise | Procede, installation et buse de projection pour le traitement de pieges par soufflage de grenaille |
DE4420579A1 (de) * | 1994-06-03 | 1995-12-07 | Meyer & John Gmbh & Co | Verfahren zum Reinigen von Rohrleitungen |
AT411233B (de) * | 1999-05-07 | 2003-11-25 | Berndorf Band Ges M B H | Vorrichtung mit zumindest einem endlosen band aus stahl und verfahren zum thermischen beaufschlagen von plastischen massen |
-
2001
- 2001-03-08 DE DE10111235A patent/DE10111235A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2002
- 2002-03-04 WO PCT/EP2002/002338 patent/WO2002072312A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-03-04 EP EP02735115A patent/EP1368158B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-03-04 DE DE50200964T patent/DE50200964D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-03-04 AT AT02735115T patent/ATE275462T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE10111235A1 (de) | 2002-09-19 |
WO2002072312A1 (de) | 2002-09-19 |
EP1368158A1 (de) | 2003-12-10 |
ATE275462T1 (de) | 2004-09-15 |
DE50200964D1 (de) | 2004-10-14 |
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