EP1365199B1 - Evaporator with mist eliminator - Google Patents

Evaporator with mist eliminator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1365199B1
EP1365199B1 EP03252790.5A EP03252790A EP1365199B1 EP 1365199 B1 EP1365199 B1 EP 1365199B1 EP 03252790 A EP03252790 A EP 03252790A EP 1365199 B1 EP1365199 B1 EP 1365199B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
refrigerant
heat exchanger
evaporator
baffle
tubes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
EP03252790.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1365199A1 (en
Inventor
Neelkanth S. Gupte
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Carrier Corp
Original Assignee
Carrier Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Carrier Corp filed Critical Carrier Corp
Publication of EP1365199A1 publication Critical patent/EP1365199A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1365199B1 publication Critical patent/EP1365199B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0017—Flooded core heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
    • F25B39/02—Evaporators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/02—Details of evaporators
    • F25B2339/024—Evaporators with refrigerant in a vessel in which is situated a heat exchanger
    • F25B2339/0242—Evaporators with refrigerant in a vessel in which is situated a heat exchanger having tubular elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/28—Means for preventing liquid refrigerant entering into the compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B40/00—Subcoolers, desuperheaters or superheaters

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to air conditioning systems and, more particularly, to a method according to the preamble of claim 7 and apparatus according to the preamble of claim 1 for reducing liquid carry over from an evaporator.
  • GB 560 060 discloses such an apparatus.
  • liquid refrigerant may be passed on to the compressor as liquid carry over, which affects both the performance and the life of the compressor.
  • flooded evaporators There are generally two types of evaporator applications in which liquid carry over is a particular problem: flooded evaporators and falling film evaporators.
  • flooded evaporator wherein liquid refrigerant is introduced in the lower part of the evaporator shell, liquid droplets tend to be entrained in the refrigerant vapor flow leaving at the top of the heat exchanger tube bank.
  • falling film evaporator arrangement wherein two phase refrigerant is introduced at the top of the tube bank, there tends to be a significant amount of liquid refrigerant that is entrained into the compressor suction.
  • illustrative arrangements and embodiments of the present invention may be applicable to increase the system efficiency such that other applications become feasible.
  • direct expansion evaporators rather than flooded evaporators, are used because flooded evaporators do not provide sufficient suction super heat for use with such compressors.
  • the use of flooded evaporators would be preferred if this problem can be overcome.
  • Another object of the present invention in a preferred embodiment at least is the provision in an evaporator for effectively using the space within the evaporator shell.
  • Still another object of the present invention in a preferred embodiment at least is the provision for an evaporator that is efficient and effective in use.
  • the present invention provides an air conditioning system as claimed in claim 1, and a method as claimed in claim 7.
  • a baffle is located above the tube banks for interrupting the upward flow of liquid refrigerant droplets that would otherwise tend to flow to the compressor along with the refrigerant vapor. Heat is added to the baffle to cause an evaporation of the liquid droplets such that the resulting vapor passes to the compressor.
  • the baffle structure comprises a heat exchanger having a fluid flowing therethrough, with a temperature of the fluid being warmer than the refrigerant such that sufficient heat is transferred to the refrigerant droplets to bring about the desired vaporization.
  • the fluid passing through the baffle heat exchanger can be warm water diverted from that entering the first pass of the cooler or it may be liquid refrigerant leaving the condenser before entering the expansion device.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown generally a flooded evaporator 11 having a liquid refrigerant inlet 12 at its lower end, a plurality of serially connected tubes 13 and a compressor suction inlet 14 at it upper end.
  • the refrigerant tubes 13 carry a liquid to be cooled, with the liquid entering at the lower passes and working its way serially upwardly to the upper passes as it is cooled by the liquid refrigerant in which the tubes are immersed.
  • the level of liquid refrigerant remains just above the upper tube row as shown at 16, and above that, there is an open space 17 in which the evaporated refrigerant vapor can pass to the compressor suction 14.
  • the liquid refrigerant level 16 there are liquid refrigerant droplets 18 that tend to be entrained in the rising refrigerant vapor and if not interrupted will be allowed to flow into the compressor suction 14.
  • an active eliminator 19 is provided in the open space 17.
  • the purpose of the active eliminator 19 is to interrupt the upward flow of the liquid refrigerant droplets 18 and to heat those droplets to vaporization such that the vapor can then pass to the compressor suction 14. In this way, the carry over of liquid droplets to the compressor suction 14 is prevented.
  • an active eliminator as comprising a plurality of heat exchanger tubes 21 arranged in staggered relationship in first 22 and second 23 rows.
  • the tubes 21 are coupled to carry a medium flow which is at a temperature sufficiently high so as to boil off the liquid refrigerant droplets that attach to the eliminator 19.
  • the active eliminator 19 may take any number of forms
  • the staggered tube bank as shown may be comprised of low cost finned tubes in either a single or multiple rows. It could also take the form of a plate fin coil or a parallel flow heat exchanger core such is used in automotive air conditioning systems.
  • FIG. 3 An alternative active eliminator is shown in Figure 3 as comprising a single row of heat exchanger tubes 21 with a plurality of deflector louvers 24 therebelow for the purpose of directing entrained liquid onto the active eliminator tubes 21.
  • This louvered arrangement prevents the upward flow of liquid droplets from passing between the heat exchanger tubes 21 of a single row heat exchanger.
  • the medium that passes through the active eliminator 19 may originate from various sources. For example, it may be relatively warmer water diverted from that entering the first pass of the chiller as shown in Figure 4 wherein a first pass is shown at 26 and a last pass is shown at 27, with the several passes therebetween not being called out by number. As will be seen at line 28 carries water from the first pass 26 directly to the active eliminator 19 where it passes through the tubes 21 and then is returned by line 29 to an intermediate pass 30 of the tube bank.
  • the medium within the active eliminator 19 is the condensate from the condenser 20 (see dotted line) which again, is at a higher temperature than the refrigerant in the evaporator and will be sufficiently hot as to enable the boiling off of the liquid refrigerant droplets. After passing through the tubes 21 the cooler liquid passes to the expansion device 25 as shown by the dotted line.
  • a plurality of water carrying tubes 32 are arranged in staggered relationship in a plurality of rows in an identical manner as for the flooded evaporator as described hereinabove.
  • a distributor 33 that is mounted above the tube rows for the purpose of distributing two phase refrigerant over the tube bank in a conventional manner.
  • the water therein causes the refrigerant to evaporate and cool the water in the process.
  • the refrigerant vapor then rises to the compressor suction 34 in the same manner as for the flooded evaporator described hereinabove.
  • the compressor suction 34 In the process there is a certain amount of liquid droplets 36 that are entrained in the raising vapor and which will enter the compressor suction 34 unless other provisions are made.
  • an active eliminator 37 is mounted above the distributor 33 such that it will interrupt the upward flow of the liquid droplets entrained in the vapor.
  • the structure, purpose, and manner of performance of the active eliminator 37 is substantially identical to that of the active eliminator 19 as described hereinabove.
  • the active eliminator 19 is again a heat exchanger with a high temperature medium flowing therein. As shown in Figure 7 , the medium is preferably hot condensate 39 flowing into the active eliminator 19, passing through the tubes 21 and then along line 41 to an expansion valve 42 for entry into the refrigerant inlet 43.
  • the active eliminator acts like a suction heat exchanger and ensures suction superheat that would not be present in a comparable DX unit.
  • the hot water from the first pass can be used for purposes of providing heat to the active eliminator 19 as shown and described in Figure 4 above.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
EP03252790.5A 2002-05-06 2003-05-02 Evaporator with mist eliminator Expired - Fee Related EP1365199B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/139,572 US6532763B1 (en) 2002-05-06 2002-05-06 Evaporator with mist eliminator
US139572 2002-05-06

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1365199A1 EP1365199A1 (en) 2003-11-26
EP1365199B1 true EP1365199B1 (en) 2017-07-05

Family

ID=22487310

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03252790.5A Expired - Fee Related EP1365199B1 (en) 2002-05-06 2003-05-02 Evaporator with mist eliminator

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US6532763B1 (zh)
EP (1) EP1365199B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1303381C (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11585577B2 (en) 2020-04-09 2023-02-21 Carrier Corporation Heat exchanger

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US6868695B1 (en) * 2004-04-13 2005-03-22 American Standard International Inc. Flow distributor and baffle system for a falling film evaporator
JP2008516187A (ja) * 2004-10-13 2008-05-15 ヨーク・インターナショナル・コーポレーション 落下フィルム蒸発器
WO2008080085A2 (en) * 2006-12-21 2008-07-03 Johnson Controls Technology Company Falling film evaporator with a hood and a flow distributor
US7707850B2 (en) * 2007-06-07 2010-05-04 Johnson Controls Technology Company Drainage mechanism for a flooded evaporator
CN101907375A (zh) 2008-01-11 2010-12-08 江森自控科技公司 热交换器
US20110056664A1 (en) * 2009-09-08 2011-03-10 Johnson Controls Technology Company Vapor compression system
CA3046529C (en) 2010-06-24 2023-01-31 University Of Saskatchewan Liquid-to-air membrane energy exchanger
US10209013B2 (en) * 2010-09-03 2019-02-19 Johnson Controls Technology Company Vapor compression system
CN102959346B (zh) * 2010-11-16 2015-11-25 扎黑德·胡赛恩·阿优伯 薄膜蒸发器
US8915092B2 (en) 2011-01-19 2014-12-23 Venmar Ces, Inc. Heat pump system having a pre-processing module
US9810439B2 (en) 2011-09-02 2017-11-07 Nortek Air Solutions Canada, Inc. Energy exchange system for conditioning air in an enclosed structure
DE102012011328A1 (de) * 2012-06-06 2013-12-12 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Wärmeübertrager
US9816760B2 (en) 2012-08-24 2017-11-14 Nortek Air Solutions Canada, Inc. Liquid panel assembly
US9772124B2 (en) 2013-03-13 2017-09-26 Nortek Air Solutions Canada, Inc. Heat pump defrosting system and method
US9109808B2 (en) 2013-03-13 2015-08-18 Venmar Ces, Inc. Variable desiccant control energy exchange system and method
US10352628B2 (en) 2013-03-14 2019-07-16 Nortek Air Solutions Canada, Inc. Membrane-integrated energy exchange assembly
US11408681B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2022-08-09 Nortek Air Solations Canada, Iac. Evaporative cooling system with liquid-to-air membrane energy exchanger
US10584884B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2020-03-10 Nortek Air Solutions Canada, Inc. Control system and method for a liquid desiccant air delivery system
US20160108762A1 (en) * 2013-05-01 2016-04-21 United Technologies Corporation Falling film evaporator for power generation systems
WO2015188266A1 (en) 2014-06-10 2015-12-17 Vmac Global Technology Inc. Methods and apparatus for simultaneously cooling and separating a mixture of hot gas and liquid
CN104056459B (zh) * 2014-06-20 2016-02-24 上海劝友节能科技有限公司 高效球形传热蒸发器
US10712024B2 (en) 2014-08-19 2020-07-14 Nortek Air Solutions Canada, Inc. Liquid to air membrane energy exchangers
ES2883599T3 (es) * 2014-10-09 2021-12-09 Carrier Corp Intercambiador de calor de succión de líquido interno
US11092349B2 (en) 2015-05-15 2021-08-17 Nortek Air Solutions Canada, Inc. Systems and methods for providing cooling to a heat load
SG10201913923WA (en) 2015-05-15 2020-03-30 Nortek Air Solutions Canada Inc Using liquid to air membrane energy exchanger for liquid cooling
CN108027221B (zh) 2015-06-26 2021-03-09 北狄空气应对加拿大公司 三流体液-气膜能量交换器
SG10201913897RA (en) 2016-03-08 2020-03-30 Nortek Air Solutions Canada Inc Systems and methods for providing cooling to a heat load
CN108662812B (zh) 2017-03-31 2022-02-18 开利公司 流平衡器和具有该流平衡器的蒸发器
US11892193B2 (en) 2017-04-18 2024-02-06 Nortek Air Solutions Canada, Inc. Desiccant enhanced evaporative cooling systems and methods
CN110044103A (zh) * 2018-01-15 2019-07-23 杭州赛富特设备有限公司 一种降膜式壳管蒸发器及空调***
WO2021145371A1 (ja) * 2020-01-14 2021-07-22 ダイキン工業株式会社 シェルアンドプレート式熱交換器
US20230392837A1 (en) * 2022-06-03 2023-12-07 Trane International Inc. Evaporator charge management and method for controlling the same

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Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11585577B2 (en) 2020-04-09 2023-02-21 Carrier Corporation Heat exchanger

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1303381C (zh) 2007-03-07
US6532763B1 (en) 2003-03-18
CN1456855A (zh) 2003-11-19
EP1365199A1 (en) 2003-11-26

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