EP1359112B1 - Method for monitoring the landing doors of an elevator - Google Patents
Method for monitoring the landing doors of an elevator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1359112B1 EP1359112B1 EP20030009423 EP03009423A EP1359112B1 EP 1359112 B1 EP1359112 B1 EP 1359112B1 EP 20030009423 EP20030009423 EP 20030009423 EP 03009423 A EP03009423 A EP 03009423A EP 1359112 B1 EP1359112 B1 EP 1359112B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- shaft
- shaft door
- receiver
- door
- doors
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 39
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B13/00—Doors, gates, or other apparatus controlling access to, or exit from, cages or lift well landings
- B66B13/02—Door or gate operation
- B66B13/14—Control systems or devices
- B66B13/143—Control systems or devices electrical
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for monitoring shaft doors of a lift installation as defined in the patent claims.
- Elevator systems usually have shaft doors, which in the closed state separate the elevator shaft from the adjoining rooms on each floor.
- the load-receiving means (elevator car) is equipped with a door, which is referred to as a car door and moves together with the elevator car from floor to floor.
- the opening and closing of the doors is normally effected during a floor stop of the elevator car by a car door drive controlled by an elevator control.
- the cabin door wings are coupled to the respective corresponding shaft door wings, so that the shaft door leaves join in the movement of the cabin door wings.
- a shaft door may only be open when the elevator car stops on the assigned floor.
- each shaft door latch is associated with a safety contact, which forms part of an electrical safety circuit and interrupts this when not correctly locking the shaft door leaf.
- safety circuits which in the case of tall buildings a Series connection of more than twenty safety contacts are known as one of the main causes of disturbances of the elevator operation.
- the contact resistance of the individual safety contacts increases in a relatively short time, which causes such a high voltage drop in series connection of many contacts that the safety circuit system shuts off the elevator even with correctly closed doors.
- US 5,644,111 discloses a hoistway door monitoring system for a conventional elevator system, which is intended to counteract the problems described above.
- a non-contact sensor in the form of a photoelectric detector with transmitter and receiver is installed on each floor on the shaft wall opposite the hoistway door. Its light beam is directed towards the closed edge area of the closed shaft door leaf and is reflected by the shaft door wing, provided that the shaft door leaf is completely closed and the elevator car is not located between the sensor and the shaft door. If the landing door wing is not completely closed and the elevator car is not in the sensor area, then the light beam exits into the elevator lobby, from where it no longer has sufficient strength is reflected, so that the receiver of the photoelectric detector can register this state.
- a corresponding information is forwarded to the elevator control, which stops the elevator and triggers suitable alarm signals (siren, flashes of light on floor, etc.). If the elevator car is located on the floor with the shaft door not closed, the light beam of the sensor is reflected by the rear cabin wall, so that the sensor rightly does not detect an impermissible state.
- suitable alarm signals siren, flashes of light on floor, etc.
- the present invention has for its object to provide a method for monitoring shaft doors of an elevator system, with which the disadvantages mentioned can be avoided, that is, in which in particular a safety circuit with a plurality of successively connected shaft door safety contacts is avoided, in which the The number of required monitoring sensors is reduced, and its effectiveness can not be influenced by persons or objects present in front of the shaft door or by the light conditions in the elevator lobby.
- the invention is therefore based on the idea to solve the problems that are known in connection with the hitherto conventional plurality of sensors and / or contacts for monitoring shaft doors by a method in which at least during the detection phases by a transmitter of a shaft door monitoring sensor a multilevel beam is emitted in the form of collimated electromagnetic waves detected by a receiver and is affected by a not completely closed shaft door leaf and / or by a non-latching shaft door latch such that a receiver the shaft door monitoring sensor is detected that a shaft door is not complete closed and / or not locked, this information being signaled by the shaft door monitoring sensor to the elevator control.
- Detection phases are those periods of time in which all shaft doors must be closed and locked when the program is executed.
- the monitoring of the locking state of the shaft door latch is preferably carried out in that the beam is interrupted or reflected by the Schachtfriegeln associated aperture, which protrude into the beam path when the respective shaft door latch is not in its locked position.
- the advantages achieved by the invention are essentially to be seen in that with a single shaft door monitoring sensor, the closed position and the locking state of a large number of shaft doors can be monitored without contact. This eliminates a major cause of breakdown while greatly reducing the cost of purchasing, installing, and subsequently maintaining a large number of monitoring sensors and / or monitoring contacts. Moreover, in this method, the beam of the shaft door monitoring sensor can not be influenced in any situation by persons or objects standing in front of the shaft door or by the light conditions in the elevator lobby.
- an elevator car in motion is stopped by the elevator control, and / or it becomes optical and / or audible warnings on at least one of the floors when the hoistway door monitoring sensor signals a not completely closed hoistway door and / or an unlocked hoistway door latch during an operating condition in which all hoistway doors must be fully closed and locked. Stopping the elevator car prevents a person from being injured by the moving elevator car in the area of a shaft door which is unlocked as a result of a malfunction or due to unauthorized opening. With warning signals such as flashlight and / or siren to prevent passengers from approaching an unlocked or unlocked shaft door to ban the risk of falling into the elevator shaft.
- a beam for sensing the closed position of the shaft door wing and the locking position of the shaft door latch is any type of electromagnetic waves, with which a sufficient length over the required length beam can be generated, which are connected by the shaft door wings and / or with the shaft door bolts mechanical components can be influenced so that a receiver can detect this influence.
- electromagnetic waves that can be a danger to living things or destroy materials.
- Laser light beams are thanks to the coherence, ie the in-phase of the electromagnetic beam forming the light beam Waves, even with large beam lengths very well bundled, ie the increase of the beam cross-sectional diameter with increasing beam length is very low.
- beams which are formed by incoherent infrared light it is also possible to use beams which are formed by incoherent infrared light in order to save costs.
- the monitoring length required to monitor all shaft doors can be divided into several sections, each section of at least one beam generated by a separate shaft door monitoring sensor with transmitter and receiver is monitored.
- shaft door monitoring sensors are used which emit light beams in the wavelength ranges of ultraviolet light, visible light or infrared light.
- Such sensors are commercially available and have the advantage that the beam path of the eye is visible or verifiable with simple sensors.
- the beam is emitted by a transmitter, which is preferably arranged in the region of one shaft end (eg in the shaft head) and received and evaluated by a receiver, preferably in the region of the other Shaft end (eg in the pit) is located.
- a transmitter which is preferably arranged in the region of one shaft end (eg in the shaft head) and received and evaluated by a receiver, preferably in the region of the other Shaft end (eg in the pit) is located.
- transmitter / receiver principle arrangement has the shortest possible length of the beam path, which is the application of simpler and cheaper jet systems allows no elaborate alignment of a reflective surface and minimizes sensitivity to contamination.
- the required monitoring length can also be achieved by sequential arrangement of several sections, each with a transmitter / receiver system.
- the beam is emitted from a preferably mounted in the region of one end of the shaft transmitter toward a preferably in the region of the opposite shaft end mounted reflection surface, from where the beam to a receiver present in the region of the transmitter is detected, wherein the receiver is detected, whether the beam reaches the receiver or is interrupted as a result of a not fully closed shaft door panel or not in the locked position located Schachtfriegels.
- reflection principle method transmitter and receiver integrated in a single device, which reduces the manufacturing cost of the shaft door monitoring sensor and greatly simplifies the installation in the bay.
- the required monitoring length can be achieved by sequentially arranging a plurality of monitoring sections, each with a shaft door monitoring sensor according to the reflection principle.
- the shaft door monitoring sensor is designed as a distance measuring device, for example in the form of a laser distance measuring device.
- the beam is at least during the detection phases of a preferably mounted in the region of the shaft end transmitter in Direction emitted to a preferably in the region of the opposite shaft end main reflecting surface, so that the beam from this main reflection surface or from a reflection surface, which is formed by an associated with the associated shaft door or the shaft door latch mechanical component, and which protrudes into the beam in the case of a not completely closed shaft door panel and / or not in the locked position located Schachtfriegels, is reflected to a receiver present in the region of the transmitter.
- the transmitter and the receiver of the beam are designed so that the distance traveled by the beam on its way from the transmitter over one of the reflection surfaces back to the receiver can be determined.
- This embodiment of the method has the advantage that not only can it be ascertained that one of the shaft door leaves is not completely closed and / or one of the shaft door latches is not in the locked position, but that it is also possible to determine where, ie on which, basis of the measured distance Floor, the source of the disturbance is located.
- the division of the required monitoring length into several sections is also possible with this method variant.
- a particularly expedient embodiment of the invention is that the measured distance measured during the detection phase to a momentarily acting reflection surface and / or a determined therefrom identification of the floor and / or displayed. From the storage data or the display, a maintenance expert can immediately recognize on which floor he has to search for a not fully closed shaft door wing or not located in the locked position shaft door latch.
- An advantageous for certain arrangements of the shaft doors development of the inventive method is that for the shaft doors monitoring multiple independent beams can be applied. For example, so that the shaft door leaf and the associated shaft door latch can be monitored independently, or it can be monitored independently of each other several mechanically coupled shaft door leaves and / or the shaft door latch multi-leaf shaft doors. On the one hand, this results in a safety-related desirable redundancy of the shaft door monitoring. On the other hand, it is possible to distinguish between non-closed shaft door wings and unlocked shaft door locks, which makes it possible to respond optimally to different fault messages. For example, upon detection of an unlocked shaft door bolt while the shaft door is still closed, instead of an immediate emergency braking, a drive of the elevator car to the next stop can be continued, whereby a trapping of passengers can be avoided.
- An interesting extension of the inventive method with beam deflection is that the beam of a equipped for distance measurement shaft door monitoring, after he has passed through the shaft door monitoring areas is directed by a further beam deflecting device in the vertical direction to a mounted on the elevator car reflecting surface, from where the beam to Recipient of the Shaft door monitoring sensor is reflected.
- continuous information about the position of the elevator car can be generated within its shaft path, which can serve, for example, in a comparison circuit to increase the safety against malfunctions of a main cabin position detection.
- remote-controlled additional locks acting on the shaft doors can be activated, preferably by the elevator control, if the shaft door monitoring sensor signals a not completely closed shaft door leaf and / or a shaft door latch not in locking position during an operating condition in which all Shaft doors should be closed.
- the security against a person's fall and in particular against the intrusion of an unauthorized person into the elevator shaft can be substantially increased.
- the additional locks are activated before the unlocked shaft door is opened so far that a person can pass through.
- Another embodiment of the method which is particularly interesting in terms of safety can be achieved in elevator systems which are equipped with a shaft door monitoring sensor with distance measurement.
- visual and / or audible warning signals and / or remotely controllable, acting on the shaft door latches on exclusively that floor can be activated at the shaft door during an operating condition in which all shaft doors should be closed and locked, not completely closed shaft door leaf and / or not located in the locked position shaft door latch can be detected.
- Such a system has the advantage that alarms are only perceived on the floor concerned, so that people on the other floors are not unnecessarily disturbed. Additional latches for the landing door wings also act only on the floor concerned, so that maintenance personnel may be able to gain access to the elevator shaft via a separate, not additionally locked shaft door in the case of elevator cars that may have been shut down between two floors.
- FIG. 1 schematically an elevator 1 m an elevator shaft 2 and an elevator car 3 is shown.
- the elevator car is equipped with a car door 4, which has two car door leaves 5, which are moved horizontally for opening and closing by a mounted on the elevator car 3 door drive unit 6.
- the elevator shaft 2 comprises three shaft doors 7, each having two shaft door leaves 8.
- the opening and closing of a hoistway door 7 takes place by horizontal movement of its hoistway door panels 8 when the elevator car is on the corresponding floor, wherein the driving force for this horizontal movement is transmitted from the car door panels 5 to the hoistway door panels 8 by means of a door actuation mechanism.
- the shaft door panels 8 are locked to a fixed part of the shaft doors by means of a shaft door bolt (not shown here).
- the beam 10.3 emitted by the transmitter 10.1 is directed to a receiver 10.2 fixed in the region of the shaft head, which receives the beam 10.3, provided it is not interrupted as a result of a not completely closed shaft door leaf 8 and / or a shaft door bolt not in the locked position.
- Transmitter 10.1 and receiver 10.2 together form a shaft door monitoring sensor 10. The arrangement described here is referred to below as the transmitter / receiver principle.
- the shaft door monitoring sensor of the elevator control signals that one of the landing door wings 8 is not completely closed or one of the shaft door latches is not in the locking position.
- Detection phases are those periods of time in which all shaft doors must be closed and locked when the program is executed.
- the jet 10.3 extends in a vertical plane lying between the shaft doors 7 and the car door 4 defined by the gap between the shaft door sills 14 and the car door sill 15. Since the jet in this embodiment of the method extends in the vertical direction between the shaft doors and the car door, it is advantageous if the radiation emission occurs only during the detection phase, so that passengers are not irritated by the - possibly visible - beam.
- the beam 10.3 is influenced by apertures 12 associated with each shaft door 7, which are thus in communication with the shaft door wings and the shaft door bolts, so that they interrupt the jet 10.3 when the shaft door 7 is not completely closed and / or when a shaft door latch is not in the locking position this in Fig. 2 is shown in detail.
- Fig. 2 represents (enlarged and schematically) the in Fig. 1 marked view A of the upper portion of one of the shaft doors 7 in Fig. 1
- This shaft door has two shaft door leaves 8, which are fastened to a respective door leaf carrier 18.
- These door leaf supports 18 are guided horizontally displaceable by means of guide rollers 19 on a guide rail 20, wherein the guide rail 20 is fastened to a door support 21 connected to the door frame.
- 10.3 is related to Fig. 1 described beam of the shaft door monitoring sensor 10.
- the shaft door latch 22 locks the door leaf support 18 with a locking stop 23 immovably connected to the door support 21 when the landing door leaf 8 is completely closed.
- the shaft door latch 22 is held in an unlocking position, not shown here, by the door operating mechanism acting from the elevator car. Once the car and the shaft doors are closed, this effect is released, and the shaft door latch 22 tilts due to its closing weight 22.1 in its locking position.
- the locking hook 22.2 of the shaft door latch acts on two mounted on the immovable locking stop and one of the blades 12 bearing handlebar lever 24, that these pivot from their - shown on the left - basic position to the right, causing a shift of the aperture 12 to the right - and thus the beam path of the beam 10.3 out - causes.
- a landing door leaf 8 is shown, which is not completely closed (door gap 25), and its shaft door latch 22 is therefore - possibly for another reason - is not in its locked position. Because in this situation the locking hook 22.2 of the shaft door bolt 22 does not act on the diaphragm 12 bearing handlebar lever 24, the aperture remains in its resulting without external influence by itself from the handlebar lever basic position in which it interrupts the beam path of the beam 10.3.
- a side view D of the shaft door arrangement described in accordance Fig. 2 which also shows the position of the beam 10.3, is in Fig. 5 shown.
- Fig. 3 again shows an elevator system 1 with a shaft door monitoring sensor 10, which monitors the position of the shaft door leaf 8 and its shaft door latch with the help of at least one of bundled electromagnetic waves formed beam 10.3 - preferably a laser light beam.
- transmitter 10.1 and receiver 10.2 are arranged in the same shaft end region, preferably in the same housing, and the beam 10.3 emitted by the transmitter 10.1 is directed to a reflection surface 11 mounted in the region of the opposite shaft end, which transmits the beam 10.3 to the transmitter 10.1, unless the beam is interrupted as a result of a not completely closed shaft door leaf 8 and / or a shaft door latch not in the locked position.
- At least one laser light beam 10.3 extends along the shaft wall containing the shaft doors 7, so that it is interrupted by a shaft door 8 that is not completely closed and / or by one of the screens 17 which enter the beam 10.3 protrude if they are not prevented by the respectively associated, located in the locking position shaft door latch. Details on the arrangement of these - only schematically shown - aperture 17 are in the following Fig. 4 explained.
- Fig. 4 shows (enlarges) the in Fig. 3 B is a view of the upper area of one of the Fig. 3
- This shaft door also has two shaft door leaves 8, which are fastened to a respective door leaf carrier 18.
- These door leaf supports 18 are guided horizontally displaceable by means of guide rollers 19 on a guide rail 20, wherein the guide rail 20 is fastened to a door support 21 connected to the door frame.
- To the left and right of the two shaft door leaves 8 is ever a beam 10.3 - preferably a laser light beam - recognizable, as in connection with Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 already mentioned.
- the two beams are emitted and detected by a shaft door monitoring sensor 10 which are installed in the elevator shaft for monitoring each of the left-side or right-side row of landing door panels. It is the one-way beam principle in which the transmitter and receiver are located away from each other, as well as the reflection principle, as related to Fig. 3 described, applicable.
- a shaft door latch 22 is articulated to each of the two door leaf carrier 18. On the right side of Fig. 4 is recognizable as the Shaft door latch 22 locks the door leaf support 18 with a locking stop 23 immovably connected to the door support 21 when the landing door leaf 8 is completely closed.
- the shaft door latch 22 is held in an unlocking position, not shown here, by the door operating mechanism acting from the elevator car. Once the car and the shaft doors are closed, this effect is canceled, and the shaft door latch tilts due to its closing weight 22.1 in its - shown here - on the right - locking position.
- the locking hook 22.2 of the shaft door bolt acts on two mounted on the immovable locking stop 23 and one of the panels 17 bearing handlebar lever 24 that they pivot from their - recognizable on the left side - basic position to the left, causing a shift of the panel 17 to the left - And thus out of the beam path of the beam 10.3 - causes.
- FIG. 4 again shows a shaft door leaf 8, which is not completely closed (door gap 25), and its shaft door latch 22 is therefore - possibly for another reason - is not in its locked position. Since in this situation the locking hook 22.2 of the shaft door bolt 22 does not act on the handlebar lever 24 carrying the panel 17, the panel 17 remains in its basic position resulting from the handlebar lever arrangement without outside influence, in which it interrupts the beam path of the beam 10.3. With a suitably mounted spring, the automatic assumption of the diaphragm basic position, in which the beam 10.3 is interrupted, could still be secured.
- a side view E of the shaft door assembly described above Fig. 4 which also shows the position of the rays 10.3, is in Fig. 6 shown.
- Fig. 4 described method has the advantage that no beam as in the arrangement according to Fig. 1 and 2 within the relatively narrow gap between the shaft door thresholds and the car door sill, but that the space is used laterally next to the shaft doors.
- the emission of the beam need not be interrupted during the door opening phase here.
- this method brings increased security in the shaft door monitoring, since on the one hand not completely closed shaft door panel directly interrupts and on the other hand from the separate monitoring of left-side and right-side shaft door wing results in a certain safety redundancy, even if their movements are not in each Case are mechanically synchronized.
- Fig. 6 shows a side view of the shaft door assembly according to Fig. 4 (View E) in which the closed position of each shaft door leaf 8 is monitored together with the locking state of its shaft door bolt 22 by a beam 10.3.
- the vertical beam 10.3 extends so close behind the closing edge opposite narrow side of the closed shaft door leaf 8 that it is interrupted when not completely closed shaft door leaf 8 by the lower edge 8.1 or the upper edge 8.2 and / or by the retracted from the shaft door latch 22 aperture 17.
- illustrated components of the shaft door correspond, with the exception of the differently arranged aperture 17, in connection with Fig. 4 and 5 explained components.
- Fig. 7 shows the side view of a variant of the shaft door monitoring with improved functionality. Such is achieved by the fact that the closed position of the shaft door 8 arranged one above the other in the elevator shaft and the locking state of the shaft door latch 22 assigned to the shaft door leaves 8 are monitored separately. Such monitoring can be realized, for example, by having each of them in Fig. 4 shown individual rays 10.3 by two parallel, in the direction of the plane of the drawing staggered rays 10.3 ( Fig. 7 ), one of which is the lower edge 8.1 or the upper edge 8.2 of the associated shaft door leaf 8 and the other arranged slightly laterally of the shaft door panel 8 aperture 17 (corresponding to the aperture 17 in Fig. 4 ) supervised.
- the two parallel beams 10.3 are generated by two separate shaft door monitoring sensors, whereby the transmitter / receiver principle or the reflection principle can be used.
- the advantages of the separate monitoring of the closed state and the locked state can be seen in the fact that different responses to a detected error state can be derived therefrom. For example, when a locking error occurs, the moving elevator car can continue to drive to the next floor, while an emergency stop is generated when an open shaft door is detected. For example, if two beams monitoring the interlocks and one beam monitoring the closed position of all left-hand landing door panels could signal correct states, while a non-closed status is reported for the right-hand landing door panels, it could be concluded that there is a detection error in the hoistway door reported as not closed must be present and that the journey can be continued to the destination floor. For a variety of different signal combinations each adapted reactions are programmable.
- the shaft door monitoring sensor determines the distance traveled by the beam. From the measured distance, the elevator control can determine the floor on which a fault condition exists and store this information for the attention of maintenance personnel, transmit it to a maintenance center, and / or use it to activate an optical or acoustic warning signal in the area of the shaft door concerned.
- the elevator control can determine the floor on which a fault condition exists and store this information for the attention of maintenance personnel, transmit it to a maintenance center, and / or use it to activate an optical or acoustic warning signal in the area of the shaft door concerned.
- it is also possible to start a program in which, after all passengers have left the elevator car, the elevator car is driven in crawl to the faulty floor, where by opening and closing of cabins - And shaft door is trying to fix the locking error.
- FIGS. 8 and 9 schematically show a group of stacked shaft doors 7, the closed state and locking state are monitored by means of a multi-deflected beam 10.3.
- Fig. 9 represents a view F from the right on the said group of shaft doors.
- the beam 10.3 is emitted from a transmitter 10.1 of a shaft door monitoring sensor 10 mounted below a lowermost shaft door of the group, vertically upwards next to the left-side shaft door wings 8.3. After passing through a first vertical section 10.3.1 of its beam path, it is deflected above the uppermost shaft door of the monitored group by a first beam deflection device 32.1 to the right to a second beam deflection device 32.2.
- the beam is again deflected by 90 °, so that this laterally adjacent to the right-side shaft door leaves 8.4 a second vertical section 10.3.2 in Going downwards and pushes on a third beam deflecting 32.3.
- the beam again runs upwards to the beam deflection device 32.2, which moves it by 90 ° to the left (in FIG Fig. 8 ) deflects to the beam deflecting 32.1.
- the beam is deflected one last time by 90 °, after which it travels a fourth vertical section 10.3.4 and finally is detected by a receiver 10.2 of the shaft door monitoring sensor 10.
- the beam can be influenced by not fully closed shaft door leaves or by panels 17, which are not retracted by their associated shaft door latch.
- the left-side shaft door leaves 8.3 can affect the vertical section 10.3.1 and the right-side shaft door leaves 8.4 the vertical section 10.3.2 of the beam 10.3.
- the left-side diaphragms 17.1 can influence the vertical section 10.3.4 and the right-side diaphragms 17.2 the vertical section 10.3.3 of the beam 10.3.
- a beam deflecting 32.1, 32.2, 32.3, 32.4 mirrors and / or suitable optical prisms can be used.
- a shaft door monitoring sensor 10 with distance measurement is used to monitor the shaft doors, it can be detected in the event of a fault in the event of a fault, using the method described, with the shaft door first being detected, if one of the shaft door leaves 8.3, 8.4 is not completely closed, or if only one of the positions of the Aperture 17.1, 17.2 determining shaft door latch is not in its locked position. Thanks to this distinction, the shaft door monitoring device having only a single jet can also be used in the event of a malfunction situation-adapted reactions are triggered.
- the manner in which the impact of the shaft door position and / or shaft door lock position on the beams is realized can be varied almost indefinitely.
- the shaft door lock position can be transmitted directly or via joints and linkages to the position of shutters or reflecting surfaces in the form of flaps, sliders, etc., so that they can influence the beams extending in suitable zones in the vicinity of the shaft doors.
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Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Überwachung von Schachttüren einer Aufzugsanlage wie in den Patentansprüchen definiert.The invention relates to a method for monitoring shaft doors of a lift installation as defined in the patent claims.
Aufzugsanlagen weisen üblicherweise Schachttüren auf, die in geschlossenem Zustand auf jedem Stockwerk den Aufzugschacht von den angrenzenden Räumen abtrennen.
Bei Aufzugsanlagen herkömmlicher Art ist auch das Lastaufnahmemittel (Aufzugskabine) mit einer Türe ausgerüstet, die als Kabinentüre bezeichnet wird und sich zusammen mit der Aufzugskabine von Stockwerk zu Stockwerk bewegt. Das Öffnen und Schliessen der Türen wird normalerweise während eines Stockwerkshalts der Aufzugskabine durch einen von einer Aufzugssteuerung gesteuerten Kabinentürantrieb bewirkt. Dabei werden die Kabinentürflügel mit den jeweils korrespondierenden Schachttürflügeln gekoppelt, so dass die Schachttürflügel die Bewegung der Kabinentürflügel mitmachen.
Für die Sicherheit der Benutzer der Aufzugsanlage und der Passanten im Gebäude ist es von grosser Wichtigkeit, dass eine Schachttüre nur dann offen sein darf, wenn die Aufzugskabine auf dem zugeordneten Stockwerk anhält. Um dies zu gewährleisten, werden, neben anderen Aufzugs-Parametern, die Lagen sowohl der Schachttürflügel wie auch der die Schachttürflügel verriegelnden Schachttürriegel überwacht. Üblicherweise geschieht dies dadurch, dass jedem Schachttürriegel ein Sicherheitskontakt zugeordnet ist, der einen Teil eines elektrischen Sicherheitskreises bildet und diesen bei nicht korrekter Verriegelung der Schachttürflügel unterbricht.
Solche Sicherheitskreise, die im Falle von hohen Gebäuden eine Reihenschaltung von mehr als zwanzig Sicherheitskontakten aufweisen können, sind als eine der Haupt-Ursachen für Störungen des Aufzugsbetriebs bekannt. Infolge von Korrosion und Verschmutzung erhöht sich in relativ kurzer Zeit der Kontaktwiderstand der einzelnen Sicherheitskontakte, was bei Reihenschaltung vieler Kontakte einen derart hohen Spannungsabfall bewirkt, dass das Sicherheitskreis-System den Aufzug auch bei korrekt geschlossenen Türen abschaltet. Ausserdem ist die Suche nach einem einzelnen defekten Sicherheitskontakt oder nach einer nicht korrekt geschlossenen Schachttüre in einem Gebäude mit vielen Stockwerken äusserst zeitraubend.
Zusätzliche Probleme mit der Überwachung der Schachttüren haben sich in den letzten Jahren durch Personen ergeben, die in unerlaubter Weise in den Aufzugsschacht eindringen, sei es um das risikoreiche "Aufzug-Surfen" zu betreiben oder um die Aufzugskabine zwischen zwei Stockwerken zu blockieren und die Aufzugspassagiere zu bedrohen oder zu berauben.Elevator systems usually have shaft doors, which in the closed state separate the elevator shaft from the adjoining rooms on each floor.
In elevator systems of conventional type and the load-receiving means (elevator car) is equipped with a door, which is referred to as a car door and moves together with the elevator car from floor to floor. The opening and closing of the doors is normally effected during a floor stop of the elevator car by a car door drive controlled by an elevator control. In this case, the cabin door wings are coupled to the respective corresponding shaft door wings, so that the shaft door leaves join in the movement of the cabin door wings.
For the safety of the users of the elevator installation and the passers-by in the building, it is of great importance that a shaft door may only be open when the elevator car stops on the assigned floor. To ensure this, besides other elevator parameters, the positions of both the landing door wings and the shaft door locks locking the landing door wings are monitored. Typically, this is done in that each shaft door latch is associated with a safety contact, which forms part of an electrical safety circuit and interrupts this when not correctly locking the shaft door leaf.
Such safety circuits, which in the case of tall buildings a Series connection of more than twenty safety contacts are known as one of the main causes of disturbances of the elevator operation. As a result of corrosion and contamination, the contact resistance of the individual safety contacts increases in a relatively short time, which causes such a high voltage drop in series connection of many contacts that the safety circuit system shuts off the elevator even with correctly closed doors. In addition, finding a single faulty safety contact or an incorrectly closed hoistway door in a multi-storey building is extremely time-consuming.
Additional problems with the monitoring of the landing doors have been found in recent years by persons who enter the elevator shaft in an unauthorized manner, either to operate the risky "elevator surfing" or to block the elevator car between two floors and the elevator passengers to threaten or rob.
Aus
Ein solches Schachttüren-Überwachungssystem löst zwar einige der vorstehend beschriebenen Probleme, weist jedoch gewisse Mängel auf.Although such a shaft door monitoring system solves some of the problems described above, it has certain shortcomings.
Das Problem mit der Störanfälligkeit des Sicherheitskreises ist mit der offenbarten Lösung nicht behoben, da ein solcher offensichtlich unverändert existiert und zusätzlich zu den fotoelektrischen Detektoren überwacht, ob die Schachttüren geschlossen und verriegelt sind. Ausserdem könnte die sichere Funktion der fotoelektrischen Detektoren dadurch beeinträchtigt werden, dass eine vor dem Türspalt einer nicht vollständig geschlossenen Schachttüre stehende Person oder ein Gegenstand den in den Aufzugsvorraum austretenden Lichtstrahl reflektieren und somit das Überwachungssystem unwirksam machen. Auch eine starke Lichtquelle im Aufzugsvorraum könnte bei nicht vollständig geschlossener Schachttüre die sichere Funktion des Sensors beeinträchtigen. Weitere Nachteile ergeben sich daraus, dass auf jedem Stockwerk ein berührungsfreier Sensor vorhanden sein muss. Bei Gebäuden mit einer grossen Anzahl von Stockwerken wird durch die entsprechend grosse Anzahl von Sensoren zwangsläufig eine erhöhte Störungsanfälligkeit bewirkt, und der Aufwand für die periodische Überprüfung der Sensoren wird beträchtlich. Zudem fallen hohe Kosten für die Beschaffung und die Installation dieser Vielzahl von Sensoren an.The problem with the susceptibility of the safety circuit is not solved with the disclosed solution, as such obviously exists unchanged and in addition to the photoelectric detectors monitors whether the shaft doors are closed and locked. In addition, the safe operation of the photoelectric detectors could be impaired by the fact that a standing in front of the door gap of a not completely closed shaft door person or object reflect the emerging in the elevator lobby light beam and thus make the monitoring system ineffective. Even a strong light source in the elevator vestibule could impair the safe function of the sensor if the shaft door is not completely closed. Further disadvantages result from the fact that a non-contact sensor must be present on each floor. In buildings with a large number of floors, an increased susceptibility to interference is inevitably caused by the corresponding large number of sensors, and the effort for the periodic inspection of the sensors is considerably. In addition, high costs for the procurement and installation of this variety of sensors.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zur Überwachung von Schachttüren einer Aufzugsanlage zu schaffen, mit dem die genannten Nachteile vermieden werden können, das heißt, bei dem insbesondere ein Sicherheitskreis mit einer Vielzahl von hintereinandergeschalteten Schachttüren-Sicherheitskontakten vermieden wird, bei dem die Anzahl erforderlicher Überwachungssensoren reduziert ist, und dessen Wirksamkeit nicht durch vor der Schachttüre anwesende Personen oder Gegenstände oder durch die Lichtverhältnisse im Aufzugsvorraum beeinflusst werden kann.The present invention has for its object to provide a method for monitoring shaft doors of an elevator system, with which the disadvantages mentioned can be avoided, that is, in which in particular a safety circuit with a plurality of successively connected shaft door safety contacts is avoided, in which the The number of required monitoring sensors is reduced, and its effectiveness can not be influenced by persons or objects present in front of the shaft door or by the light conditions in the elevator lobby.
Erfindungsgemäss wird die Aufgabe durch die im Patentanspruch 1 angegebenen Massnahmen gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung gehen aus den abhängigen Ansprüchen 2 bis 10 hervor.According to the invention the object is achieved by the measures specified in
Die Erfindung beruht demnach auf dem Gedanken, die Probleme, die im Zusammenhang mit der bisher üblichen Vielzahl von Sensoren und/oder Kontakten für die Überwachung von Schachttüren bekannt sind, durch ein Verfahren zu beheben, bei dem während der Detektionsphasen durch einen Sender eines Schachttürüberwachungssensors mindestens ein sich über mehrere Stockwerke erstreckender Strahl in Form von gebündelten elektromagnetischen Wellen emittiert wird, der von einem Empfänger erfasst wird, und der durch einen nicht vollständig geschlossenen Schachttürflügel und/oder durch einen sich nicht in Verriegelungsstellung befindenden Schachttürriegel derart beeinflusst wird, dass von einem Empfänger des Schachttürüberwachungssensors erkannt wird, dass eine Schachttüre nicht vollständig geschlossen und/oder nicht verriegelt ist, wobei diese Information vom Schachttürüberwachungssensor an die Aufzugssteuerung signalisiert wird.The invention is therefore based on the idea to solve the problems that are known in connection with the hitherto conventional plurality of sensors and / or contacts for monitoring shaft doors by a method in which at least during the detection phases by a transmitter of a shaft door monitoring sensor a multilevel beam is emitted in the form of collimated electromagnetic waves detected by a receiver and is affected by a not completely closed shaft door leaf and / or by a non-latching shaft door latch such that a receiver the shaft door monitoring sensor is detected that a shaft door is not complete closed and / or not locked, this information being signaled by the shaft door monitoring sensor to the elevator control.
Als Detektionsphasen sind diejenigen Zeitabschnitte bezeichnet, in denen bei programmgemässem Betriebsablauf alle Schachttüren geschlossen und verriegelt sein müssen.Detection phases are those periods of time in which all shaft doors must be closed and locked when the program is executed.
Die Überwachung des Verriegelungszustands der Schachttürriegel erfolgt vorzugsweise dadurch, dass der Strahl durch den Schachttürriegeln zugeordnete Blenden unterbrochen oder reflektiert wird, die in den Strahlenweg hineinragen, wenn der jeweilige Schachttürriegel sich nicht in seiner Verriegelungsstellung befindet.The monitoring of the locking state of the shaft door latch is preferably carried out in that the beam is interrupted or reflected by the Schachttürriegeln associated aperture, which protrude into the beam path when the respective shaft door latch is not in its locked position.
Die durch die Erfindung erreichten Vorteile sind im Wesentlichen darin zu sehen, dass mit einem einzigen Schachttürüberwachungssensor die Geschlossenstellung und der Verriegelungszustand einer grossen Zahl von Schachttüren berührungslos überwacht werden kann. Dadurch werden eine wesentliche Ursache für Betriebsstörungen beseitigt und gleichzeitig die Kosten für die Beschaffung, die Installation und den späteren Unterhalt einer grossen Zahl von Überwachungssensoren und/oder Überwachungskontakten stark reduziert. Ausserdem ist bei diesem Verfahren der Strahl des Schachttürüberwachungssensors in keiner Situation durch vor der Schachttüre stehende Personen oder Gegenstände oder durch die Lichtverhältnisse im Aufzugsvorraum beeinflussbar.The advantages achieved by the invention are essentially to be seen in that with a single shaft door monitoring sensor, the closed position and the locking state of a large number of shaft doors can be monitored without contact. This eliminates a major cause of breakdown while greatly reducing the cost of purchasing, installing, and subsequently maintaining a large number of monitoring sensors and / or monitoring contacts. Moreover, in this method, the beam of the shaft door monitoring sensor can not be influenced in any situation by persons or objects standing in front of the shaft door or by the light conditions in the elevator lobby.
Gemäss einer zweckmässigen Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens wird durch die Aufzugssteuerung eine sich in Fahrt befindliche Aufzugskabine gestoppt, und/oder es werden optische und/oder akustische Warnsignale auf mindestens einem der Stockwerke aktiviert, wenn der Schachttürüberwachungssensor einen nicht vollständig geschlossenen Schachttürflügel und/oder einen sich nicht in Verriegelungsstellung befindenden Schachttürriegel während eines Betriebszustands signalisiert, in welchem alle Schachttüren vollständig geschlossen und verriegelt sein müssen. Durch ein Stoppen der Aufzugskabine wird verhindert, dass im Bereich einer infolge Fehlfunktion oder durch unbefugtes Öffnen unverschlossenen Schachttüre eine Person durch die fahrende Aufzugskabine verletzt wird. Mit Warnsignalen wie Blitzlicht und/oder Sirene sollen Passagiere daran gehindert werden, sich einer unverschlossenen oder einer unverriegelten Schachttüre zu nähern, um die Gefahr eines Sturzes in den Aufzugsschacht bannen.According to an expedient embodiment of the method according to the invention, an elevator car in motion is stopped by the elevator control, and / or it becomes optical and / or audible warnings on at least one of the floors when the hoistway door monitoring sensor signals a not completely closed hoistway door and / or an unlocked hoistway door latch during an operating condition in which all hoistway doors must be fully closed and locked. Stopping the elevator car prevents a person from being injured by the moving elevator car in the area of a shaft door which is unlocked as a result of a malfunction or due to unauthorized opening. With warning signals such as flashlight and / or siren to prevent passengers from approaching an unlocked or unlocked shaft door to ban the risk of falling into the elevator shaft.
Als Strahl zum Abtasten der Geschlossenstellung der Schachttürflügel und der Verriegelungsstellung der Schachttürriegel eignet sich dabei jede Art von elektromagnetischen Wellen, mit denen ein über die erforderliche Länge ausreichend bündelbarer Strahl erzeugt werden kann, der durch mit den Schachttürflügeln und/oder mit den Schachttürriegeln in Verbindung stehenden mechanische Komponenten so beeinflusst werden kann, dass ein Empfänger diese Beeinflussung detektieren kann. Von einer konkreten Anwendung ausgeschlossen sind selbstverständlich elektromagnetische Wellen, die eine Gefahr für Lebewesen bilden oder Materialien zerstören können.As a beam for sensing the closed position of the shaft door wing and the locking position of the shaft door latch is any type of electromagnetic waves, with which a sufficient length over the required length beam can be generated, which are connected by the shaft door wings and / or with the shaft door bolts mechanical components can be influenced so that a receiver can detect this influence. Excluded from a specific application are of course electromagnetic waves that can be a danger to living things or destroy materials.
Vorzugsweise kommen als Strahl für den Schachttürüberwachungssensor Laserlichtstrahlen oder - für geringere Strahllängen - Infrarotlichtschranken oder Infrarotlichttaster in Betracht. Laserlichtstrahlen sind dank der Kohärenz, d. h. der Gleichphasigkeit der den Lichtstrahl bildenden elektromagnetischen Wellen, auch bei grossen Strahllängen sehr gut bündelbar, d. h. die Zunahme des Strahlquerschnitt-Durchmessers mit zunehmender Strahllänge ist sehr gering. Für Gebäude mit wenigen Stockwerken, d. h. für Schachttürüberwachungssensoren mit relativ kurzer Strahllänge, sind, um Kosten zu sparen, auch Strahlen anwendbar, die durch inkohärentes Infrarotlicht gebildet werden.Preferably come as a beam for the shaft door monitoring sensor laser light beams or - for smaller beam lengths - infrared light barriers or infrared light scanner into consideration. Laser light beams are thanks to the coherence, ie the in-phase of the electromagnetic beam forming the light beam Waves, even with large beam lengths very well bundled, ie the increase of the beam cross-sectional diameter with increasing beam length is very low. For buildings with a few floors, ie for shaft door monitoring sensors with a relatively short beam length, it is also possible to use beams which are formed by incoherent infrared light in order to save costs.
Bei Aufzügen mit einer grossen Anzahl von Stockwerken und demzufolge mit grossen Schachthöhen, kann bei allen im Folgenden beschriebenen Verfahrensvarianten die zur Überwachung aller Schachttüren erforderliche Überwachungslänge in mehrere Abschnitte aufgeteilt werden, wobei jeder Abschnitt von mindestens einem durch einen separaten Schachttürüberwachungssensor mit Sender und Empfänger erzeugten Strahl überwacht wird.In elevators with a large number of floors and consequently with large shaft heights, in all of the method variants described below, the monitoring length required to monitor all shaft doors can be divided into several sections, each section of at least one beam generated by a separate shaft door monitoring sensor with transmitter and receiver is monitored.
Zweckmässigerweise werden Schachttürüberwachungssensoren angewendet, die Lichtstrahlen in den Wellenlängenbereichen von Ultraviolett-Licht, von sichtbarem Licht oder von Infrarot-Licht emittieren. Solche Sensoren sind handelsüblich erhältlich und haben den Vorteil, dass der Strahlverlauf von Auge sichtbar oder mit einfachen Sensoren überprüfbar ist.Conveniently, shaft door monitoring sensors are used which emit light beams in the wavelength ranges of ultraviolet light, visible light or infrared light. Such sensors are commercially available and have the advantage that the beam path of the eye is visible or verifiable with simple sensors.
Gemäss einer besonders einfachen Ausführung des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens wird der Strahl von einem Sender emittiert, der vorzugsweise im Bereich des einen Schacht-Endes (z. B. im Schachtkopf) angeordnet ist und von einem Empfänger empfangen und ausgewertet, der sich vorzugsweise im Bereich des anderen Schacht-Endes (z. B. in der Schachtgrube) befindet. Eine solche, im Folgenden als Sender/Empfänger-Prinzip bezeichnete Anordnung weist die kürzestmögliche Länge des Strahlwegs auf, was die Anwendung von einfacheren und preisgünstigeren Strahlsystemen erlaubt, kein aufwändiges Ausrichten einer Reflexionsfläche erfordert und die Empfindlichkeit bezüglich Verschmutzung minimiert. Wie vorstehend bereits erwähnt, kann die erforderliche Überwachungslänge auch durch Hintereinanderanordnung mehrerer Abschnitte mit je einem Sender/Empfänger-System erreicht werden.According to a particularly simple embodiment of the method according to the invention, the beam is emitted by a transmitter, which is preferably arranged in the region of one shaft end (eg in the shaft head) and received and evaluated by a receiver, preferably in the region of the other Shaft end (eg in the pit) is located. Such, hereinafter referred to as transmitter / receiver principle arrangement has the shortest possible length of the beam path, which is the application of simpler and cheaper jet systems allows no elaborate alignment of a reflective surface and minimizes sensitivity to contamination. As already mentioned above, the required monitoring length can also be achieved by sequential arrangement of several sections, each with a transmitter / receiver system.
Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird der Strahl von einem vorzugsweise im Bereich des einen Schacht-Endes angebrachten Sender in Richtung auf eine vorzugsweise im Bereich des. gegenüberliegenden Schacht-Endes angebrachten Reflexionsfläche emittiert, von wo der Strahl zu einem im Bereich des Senders vorhandenen Empfänger reflektiert wird, wobei vom Empfänger detektiert wird, ob der Strahl den Empfänger erreicht oder infolge eines nicht vollständig geschlossenen Schachttürflügels oder eines sich nicht in Verriegelungsstellung befindenden Schachttürriegels unterbrochen ist. Vorteilhafterweise werden bei diesem, im Folgenden als Reflexionsprinzip bezeichneten Verfahren Sender und Empfänger in einem einzigen Gerät integriert, was die Herstellkosten für den Schachttürüberwachungssensor reduziert und die Installation im Schacht wesentlich vereinfacht. Auch bei dieser Verfahrensvariante kann die erforderliche Überwachungslänge durch Hintereinanderanordnung mehrerer Überwachungsabschnitte mit je einem Schachttürüberwachungssensor nach dem Reflexionsprinzip erreicht werden.According to a further embodiment of the invention, the beam is emitted from a preferably mounted in the region of one end of the shaft transmitter toward a preferably in the region of the opposite shaft end mounted reflection surface, from where the beam to a receiver present in the region of the transmitter is detected, wherein the receiver is detected, whether the beam reaches the receiver or is interrupted as a result of a not fully closed shaft door panel or not in the locked position located Schachttürriegels. Advantageously, in this, hereinafter referred to as reflection principle method transmitter and receiver integrated in a single device, which reduces the manufacturing cost of the shaft door monitoring sensor and greatly simplifies the installation in the bay. In this variant of the method, the required monitoring length can be achieved by sequentially arranging a plurality of monitoring sections, each with a shaft door monitoring sensor according to the reflection principle.
Eine besonders vorteilhafte Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens besteht darin, dass der Schachttürüberwachungssensor als Distanzmessgerät ausgebildet ist, beispielsweise in Form eines Laser-Distanzmessgeräts. Dabei wird der Strahl mindestens während der Detektionsphasen von einem vorzugsweise im Bereich des einen Schacht-Endes angebrachten Sender in Richtung auf eine vorzugsweise im Bereich des gegenüberliegenden Schacht-Endes angebrachten Haupt-Reflexionsfläche emittiert, so dass der Strahl von dieser Haupt-Reflexionsfläche oder von einer Reflexionsfläche, die durch eine mit dem zugehörigen Schachttürflügel oder dem Schachttürriegel in Verbindung stehenden mechanischen Komponente gebildet wird, und die im Falle eines nicht vollständig geschlossenen Schachttürflügels und/oder eines sich nicht in Verriegelungsstellung befindenden Schachttürriegels in den Strahl hineinragt, zu einem im Bereich des Senders vorhandenen Empfänger reflektiert wird. Sender und der Empfänger des Strahls werden so ausgebildet, dass die vom Strahl auf seinem Weg vom Sender über eine der Reflexionsflächen zurück zum Empfänger zurückgelegte Distanz ermittelt werden kann. Diese Ausführung des Verfahrens hat den Vorteil, dass nicht nur festgestellt werden kann, ob einer der Schachttürflügel nicht vollständig geschlossen und/oder einer der Schachttürriegel sich nicht in Verriegelungsstellung befindet, sondern dass anhand der gemessenen Distanz auch ermittelt werden kann, wo, d. h. auf welchem Stockwerk, sich die Störungsquelle befindet. Die Aufteilung der erforderlichen Überwachungslänge in mehrere Abschnitte ist auch bei dieser Verfahrensvariante möglich.A particularly advantageous development of the method according to the invention consists in that the shaft door monitoring sensor is designed as a distance measuring device, for example in the form of a laser distance measuring device. In this case, the beam is at least during the detection phases of a preferably mounted in the region of the shaft end transmitter in Direction emitted to a preferably in the region of the opposite shaft end main reflecting surface, so that the beam from this main reflection surface or from a reflection surface, which is formed by an associated with the associated shaft door or the shaft door latch mechanical component, and which protrudes into the beam in the case of a not completely closed shaft door panel and / or not in the locked position located Schachttürriegels, is reflected to a receiver present in the region of the transmitter. The transmitter and the receiver of the beam are designed so that the distance traveled by the beam on its way from the transmitter over one of the reflection surfaces back to the receiver can be determined. This embodiment of the method has the advantage that not only can it be ascertained that one of the shaft door leaves is not completely closed and / or one of the shaft door latches is not in the locked position, but that it is also possible to determine where, ie on which, basis of the measured distance Floor, the source of the disturbance is located. The division of the required monitoring length into several sections is also possible with this method variant.
Eine besonders zweckmässige Ausgestaltung der Erfindung besteht darin, dass die während der Detektionsphase gemessene Distanz zu einer momentan wirkenden Reflexionsfläche und/oder eine daraus ermittelte Identifikation des Stockwerks gespeichert und/oder angezeigt werden können. Aus den Speicherdaten oder der Anzeige kann ein Wartungsfachmann sofort erkennen, auf welchem Stockwerk er einen nicht vollständig geschlossenen Schachttürflügel oder einen sich nicht in Verriegelungsstellung befindenden Schachttürriegel zu suchen hat.A particularly expedient embodiment of the invention is that the measured distance measured during the detection phase to a momentarily acting reflection surface and / or a determined therefrom identification of the floor and / or displayed. From the storage data or the display, a maintenance expert can immediately recognize on which floor he has to search for a not fully closed shaft door wing or not located in the locked position shaft door latch.
Mit Vorteil erfolgt die Distanzmessung nach einer der folgenden, bei Verwendung elektromagnetischer Wellen anwendbaren, Distanzmessmethoden:
- Messung der Laufzeit einzelner Impulse der den Strahl bildenden elektromagnetischen Welle. Dieses als "Time of Flight Measurement (TOF)" bekannte Verfahren beruht darauf, dass von einem Sender einzelne elektromagnetische Impulse emittiert werden, die - in der vorliegenden Anwendung nach Reflexion an einer reflektierenden Fläche - von einem Empfänger detektiert werden. Die "Flugzeit" der einzelnen Impulse wird mittels einer elektronischen Schaltung erfasst, woraus sich, unter Berücksichtigung der bekannten Ausbreitungsgeschwindigkeit von elektromagnetischen Wellen, die vom Impuls zurückgelegte Distanz errechnen lässt. Die Anwendung dieses Prinzips erfolgt vorzugsweise mit Laserlichtstrahlen oder - für geringere Distanzen - mit gebündeltem, inkohärentem Infrarotlicht. TOF-Lasergeräte eignen sich für den Einsatz in höchsten Gebäuden, liefern Messwerte mit hoher Auflösung, sind vielfach erprobt und handelsüblich erhältlich.
- Messung der Phasenverschiebung (Phase Shift Measurement) zwischen Emission und Empfang einer den Strahl bildenden, kontinuierlich emittierten elektromagnetischen Welle. Vorzugsweise werden bei diesem Messprinzip kohärentes Licht abstrahlende Laser als Strahlerzeuger verwendet. Die Erfassung der vom Strahl zwischen Sender und Empfänger - hier via Reflexionsfläche - zurückgelegten Distanz beruht auf der Messung der Verschiebung der Phasenlage der abgestrahlten sinusförmigen Welle auf ihrem Weg vom Sender (Emitter) zum Empfänger (Detektor). Die Wellenlänge muss dabei mindestens der zu messenden Distanz entsprechen. Bei relativ grossen Distanzen wird dabei die Messauflösung gegebenenfalls zu gering. In diesem Fall werden mehrere Wellen unterschiedlicher Wellenlänge abgestrahlt, wobei diejenige mit der grossen Wellenlänge einen relativ ungenauen Absolutwert ergibt und diejenige(n) mit der(den) kleineren Wellenlänge(n) eine höhere Auflösung ermöglicht (ermöglichen).
- Measurement of the transit time of individual pulses of the electromagnetic wave forming the beam. This method, known as Time of Flight Measurement (TOF), is based on emitting a single electromagnetic pulse from a transmitter which, in the present application after reflection on a reflecting surface, is detected by a receiver. The "time of flight" of the individual pulses is detected by means of an electronic circuit, from which, taking into account the known propagation velocity of electromagnetic waves, the distance traveled by the pulse can be calculated. The application of this principle is preferably carried out with laser light beams or - for shorter distances - with bundled, incoherent infrared light. TOF lasers are suitable for use in tallest buildings, provide high-resolution readings, are field-tested, and commercially available.
- Measurement of phase shift measurement between emission and reception of a continuously emitted electromagnetic wave forming the beam. Preferably, coherent light-emitting lasers are used as beam generators in this measuring principle. The detection of the distance traveled by the beam between transmitter and receiver - here via reflection surface - is based on the measurement of the shift of the phase position of the radiated sinusoidal wave on its way from the transmitter (emitter) to the receiver (detector). The wavelength must correspond at least to the distance to be measured. At relatively large distances, the measurement resolution may be too low. In In this case, a plurality of waves of different wavelengths are radiated, the one having the large wavelength giving a relatively inaccurate absolute value and the one having the smaller wavelength (s) enabling a higher resolution.
Eine für gewisse Anordnungen der Schachttüren vorteilhafte Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens besteht darin, dass für die Schachttüren-Überwachung mehrere unabhängige Strahlen angewendet werden können.
Beispielsweise können damit der Schachttürflügel und der zugehörige Schachttürriegel unabhängig voneinander überwacht werden, oder es können mehrere untereinander mechanisch gekoppelte Schachttürflügel und/oder die Schachttürriegel mehrflügeliger Schachttüren unabhängig voneinander überwacht werden. Damit ergibt sich einerseits eine sicherheitstechnisch wünschbare Redundanz der Schachttüren-Überwachung. Andererseits kann zwischen nicht geschlossenen Schachttürflügeln und nicht verriegelten Schachttürriegeln unterschieden werden, was ermöglicht, optimal auf unterschiedliche Störungsmeldungen zu reagieren. Beispielsweise kann bei Detektion eines nicht verriegelten Schachttürriegels bei noch geschlossener Schachttüre, anstelle einer sofortigen Notbremsung, eine Fahrt der Aufzugskabine bis zum nächsten Halt fortgesetzt werden, wodurch eine Einschliessung von Passagieren vermieden werden kann.An advantageous for certain arrangements of the shaft doors development of the inventive method is that for the shaft doors monitoring multiple independent beams can be applied.
For example, so that the shaft door leaf and the associated shaft door latch can be monitored independently, or it can be monitored independently of each other several mechanically coupled shaft door leaves and / or the shaft door latch multi-leaf shaft doors. On the one hand, this results in a safety-related desirable redundancy of the shaft door monitoring. On the other hand, it is possible to distinguish between non-closed shaft door wings and unlocked shaft door locks, which makes it possible to respond optimally to different fault messages. For example, upon detection of an unlocked shaft door bolt while the shaft door is still closed, instead of an immediate emergency braking, a drive of the elevator car to the next stop can be continued, whereby a trapping of passengers can be avoided.
Eine zweckmässige Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann darin bestehen, dass der von einem Sender emittierte Strahl auf seinem Weg zum Empfänger mindestens einmal mittels Spiegel(n) oder optischem Prisma (optischen Prismen) so umgelenkt wird, dass er mindestens zwei bezogen auf den Schachtquerschnitt versetzte vertikale Strahlwege durchläuft. Damit können beispielsweise folgende Vorteile erreicht werden:
- Mit einem einzigen Strahl, d. h. mit einem einzigen Schachttürüberwachungssensor, können jeweils zwei oder mehrere seitlich versetzt angeordnete Schachttürflügel von mehreren übereinander angeordneten Schachttüren überwacht werden.
- Mit einem einzigen Strahl können die Schachttürflügel mehrerer übereinander angeordneter Schachttüren und zu diesen im Schachtquerschnitt versetzt angeordnete, abhängig vom Verriegelungszustand zugehöriger Schachttürriegel positionierte Blenden überwacht werden.
- Mit einem einzigen Strahl eines Schachttürüberwachungssensors mit Distanzmessung können mit mindestens einem vertikalen Abschnitt des Strahlenwegs zuerst alle Schachttürflügel und, mit mindestens einem durch Umlenkung erzeugten, seitlich versetzten, weiteren Abschnitt des Strahlenwegs, alle abhängig vom Verriegelungszustand zugehöriger Schachttürriegel positionierten Blenden überwacht werden. Wird der Strahl durch einen nicht vollständig geschlossenen Schachttürflügel und/oder durch eine der Blenden reflektiert, so kann aufgrund der detektierten Distanz zum Störobjekt erkannt werden, ob wenigstens alle Schachttürflügel geschlossen sind, was bereits beschriebene, differenzierte Steuerungsreaktionen auf die signalisierte Störung ermöglicht.
- With a single beam, ie with a single shaft door monitoring sensor, two or more laterally staggered shaft door wings can be monitored by several stacked shaft doors.
- With a single beam, the shaft door panels of a plurality of stacked shaft doors and to these in the shaft cross-section offset arranged, depending on the locking state associated shaft door bolt positioned panels are monitored.
- With a single beam of a shaft door monitoring sensor with distance measurement, at least one vertical section of the beam path can be monitored first all shaft door leaves and with at least one deflected laterally offset further section of the beam path all the shutters positioned depending on the lock state of associated shaft door bolts. If the beam is reflected by a not completely closed shaft door leaf and / or by one of the diaphragms, it can be detected on the basis of the detected distance to the interfering object, if at least all shaft door leaves are closed, which allows already described, differentiated control reactions to the signaled interference.
Eine interessante Erweiterung des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens mit Strahlumlenkung besteht darin, dass der Strahl eines für Distanzmessung ausgerüsteten Schachttürüberwachungssensors, nachdem er die Schachttürüberwachungsbereiche durchlaufen hat, durch eine weitere Strahlumlenkungseinrichtung in vertikaler Richtung auf eine an der Aufzugskabine angebrachte Reflexionsfläche gelenkt wird, von wo aus der Strahl zum Empfänger des Schachttürüberwachungssensors reflektiert wird. Auf diese Weise kann zusätzlich eine kontinuierliche Information über die Position der Aufzugskabine innerhalb ihres Schachtwegs generiert werden, die beispielsweise in einer Vergleichsschaltung zur Erhöhung der Sicherheit gegenüber Fehlfunktionen einer Haupt-Kabinenpositionserfassung dienen kann.An interesting extension of the inventive method with beam deflection is that the beam of a equipped for distance measurement shaft door monitoring, after he has passed through the shaft door monitoring areas is directed by a further beam deflecting device in the vertical direction to a mounted on the elevator car reflecting surface, from where the beam to Recipient of the Shaft door monitoring sensor is reflected. In this way, in addition, continuous information about the position of the elevator car can be generated within its shaft path, which can serve, for example, in a comparison circuit to increase the safety against malfunctions of a main cabin position detection.
Gemäss einer weiteren Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens können - vorzugsweise durch die Aufzugssteuerung - ferngesteuerte, auf die Schachttüren wirkende Zusatzverriegelungen aktiviert werden, wenn der Schachttürüberwachungssensor einen nicht vollständig geschlossenen Schachttürflügel und/oder einen sich nicht in Verriegelungsstellung befindenden Schachttürriegel während eines Betriebszustands signalisiert, in welchem alle Schachttüren geschlossen sein sollten. Mit einer solchen Einrichtung kann die Sicherheit gegen Absturz einer Person und insbesondere gegen Eindringen einer unbefugten Person in den Aufzugsschacht wesentlich erhöht werden. Sobald eine der Schachttüren als nicht vollständig geschlossen detektiert wird, erfolgt eine Aktivierung der Zusatzverriegelungen, bevor die entriegelte Schachttüre soweit geöffnet ist, dass eine Person durchtreten kann.According to a further embodiment of the method according to the invention, remote-controlled additional locks acting on the shaft doors can be activated, preferably by the elevator control, if the shaft door monitoring sensor signals a not completely closed shaft door leaf and / or a shaft door latch not in locking position during an operating condition in which all Shaft doors should be closed. With such a device, the security against a person's fall and in particular against the intrusion of an unauthorized person into the elevator shaft can be substantially increased. As soon as one of the shaft doors is detected as not fully closed, the additional locks are activated before the unlocked shaft door is opened so far that a person can pass through.
Eine weitere, sicherheitstechnisch besonders interessante Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens kann bei Aufzugsanlagen erreicht werden, die mit einem Schachttürüberwachungssensor mit Distanzmessung ausgerüstet sind. Dabei können optische und/oder akustische Warnsignale und/oder fernsteuerbare, auf die Schachttürflügel wirkende Zusatzverriegelungen auf ausschliesslich demjenigen Stockwerk aktiviert werden, bei dessen Schachttüre während eines Betriebszustands, in dem alle Schachttüren geschlossen und verriegelt sein sollten, ein nicht vollständig geschlossener Schachttürflügel und/oder ein sich nicht in Verriegelungsstellung befindender Schachttürriegel detektiert werden. Ein solches System hat den Vorteil, dass Alarmeinrichtungen nur auf dem betroffenen Stockwerk wahrgenommen werden, so dass Personen auf den anderen Stockwerken nicht unnötig beunruhigt werden. Zusatzverriegelungen für die Schachttürflügel wirken ebenfalls nur auf dem betroffenen Stockwerk, so dass sich bei eventuell zwischen zwei Stockwerken stillgesetzter Aufzugskabine das Wartungspersonal problemlos über eine andere, nicht zusätzlich verriegelte Schachttüre Zugang zum Aufzugsschacht verschaffen kann.Another embodiment of the method which is particularly interesting in terms of safety can be achieved in elevator systems which are equipped with a shaft door monitoring sensor with distance measurement. In this case, visual and / or audible warning signals and / or remotely controllable, acting on the shaft door latches on exclusively that floor can be activated at the shaft door during an operating condition in which all shaft doors should be closed and locked, not completely closed shaft door leaf and / or not located in the locked position shaft door latch can be detected. Such a system has the advantage that alarms are only perceived on the floor concerned, so that people on the other floors are not unnecessarily disturbed. Additional latches for the landing door wings also act only on the floor concerned, so that maintenance personnel may be able to gain access to the elevator shaft via a separate, not additionally locked shaft door in the case of elevator cars that may have been shut down between two floors.
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden anhand der beigefügten Zeichnungen erläutert.Embodiments of the invention will be explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- einen Vertikalschnitt durch einen Aufzugschacht mit einer Aufzugskabine und mehreren Schachttüren, wobei die Schachttüren mittels eines von einem Sender zu einem Empfänger emittierten Strahls überwacht werden,
- Fig. 2
- eine vom Schachtinneren her gesehene zweiflügelige Schachttüre mit zwei Verriegelungseinrichtungen und einem Überwachungsstrahl,
- Fig. 3
- einen Vertikalschnitt durch einen Aufzugschacht mit einer Aufzugskabine und mehreren Schachttüren, wobei die Schachttüren mittels eines Strahls überwacht werden, der von einem Sender zu einer Reflexionsfläche emittiert und von dieser zu einem Empfänger reflektiert wird,
- Fig. 4
- eine vom Schachtinneren her gesehene zweiflügelige Schachttüre mit zwei Verriegelungseinrichtungen und zwei Überwachungsstrahlen.
- Fig. 5, 6, 7
- Seitenansichten der in
Fig. 2 undFig. 4 dargestellten Schachttüren mit der Lage der Überwachungsstrahlen - Fig. 8
- eine Ansicht vom Schachtinneren auf eine Gruppe von Schachttüren, deren Geschlossenzustand und deren Verriegelung mittels eines umgelenkten Strahls überwacht werden
- Fig. 9
- eine Seitenansicht auf die Gruppe von Schachttüren gemäss
Fig. 8
- Fig. 1
- a vertical section through an elevator shaft with an elevator car and a plurality of shaft doors, wherein the shaft doors are monitored by means of a beam emitted from a transmitter to a receiver beam,
- Fig. 2
- a two-leaf shaft door seen from inside the shaft with two locking devices and a monitoring beam,
- Fig. 3
- a vertical section through an elevator shaft with an elevator car and several shaft doors, the shaft doors are monitored by means of a beam emitted from a transmitter to a reflection surface and reflected by this to a receiver,
- Fig. 4
- a seen from the shaft interior two-winged Shaft door with two locking devices and two monitoring beams.
- Fig. 5, 6, 7
- Side views of in
Fig. 2 andFig. 4 Shaft doors shown with the location of the monitoring beams - Fig. 8
- a view from the shaft interior to a group of shaft doors whose closed state and their locking are monitored by means of a deflected beam
- Fig. 9
- a side view of the group of shaft doors according
Fig. 8
In
Im geschlossenen Zustand sind die Schachttürflügel 8 mittels eines - hier nicht gezeigten - Schachttürriegels mit einem feststehenden Teil der Schachttüren verriegelt.
Mit 10.1 ist ein im Bereich der Schachtgrube nahe bei der die Schachttüren enthaltenden Schachtwand installierter Sender bezeichnet. Dieser emittiert - mindestens während einer Detektionsphase - einen Strahl 10.3 in Form von gebündelten elektromagnetischen Wellen, vorzugsweise einen Laserlichtstrahl. Der vom Sender 10.1 emittierte Strahl 10.3 ist auf einen im Bereich des Schachtkopfs fixierten Empfänger 10.2 gerichtet, der den Strahl 10.3 empfängt, sofern dieser nicht infolge eines nicht vollständig geschlossenen Schachttürflügels 8 und/oder eines sich nicht in Verriegelungsstellung befindenden Schachttürriegels unterbrochen wird. Sender 10.1 und Empfänger 10.2 bilden zusammen einen Schachttürüberwachungssensor 10. Die hier beschriebene Anordnung ist im Folgenden als Sender/Empfänger-Prinzip bezeichnet. Wird der Strahl 10.3 während der Detektionsphase unterbrochen, so signalisiert der Schachttürüberwachungssensor der Aufzugssteuerung, dass einer der Schachttürflügel 8 nicht vollständig geschlossen ist oder einer der Schachttürriegel sich nicht in Verriegelungsstellung befindet. Als Detektionsphasen sind diejenigen Zeitabschnitte bezeichnet, in denen bei programmgemässem Betriebsablauf alle Schachttüren geschlossen und verriegelt sein müssen.In
When closed, the
10.1 designates a shaft installed in the vicinity of the shaft pit close to the shaft wall containing the shaft doors. This emits - at least during a detection phase - A beam 10.3 in the form of bundled electromagnetic waves, preferably a laser light beam. The beam 10.3 emitted by the transmitter 10.1 is directed to a receiver 10.2 fixed in the region of the shaft head, which receives the beam 10.3, provided it is not interrupted as a result of a not completely closed
In der dargestellten Version erstreckt sich der Strahl 10.3 in einer vertikalen, zwischen den Schachttüren 7 und der Kabinentüre 4 liegenden Ebene, die durch den Spalt zwischen den Schachttürschwellen 14 und der Kabinentürschwelle 15 definiert ist. Da sich der Strahl bei dieser Ausführung des Verfahrens in vertikaler Richtung zwischen den Schachttüren und der Kabinentüre erstreckt, ist es von Vorteil, wenn die Strahlenemission nur während der Detektionsphase erfolgt, damit Passagiere nicht durch den - eventuell sichtbaren - Strahl irritiert werden. Beeinflusst wird der Strahl 10.3 durch jeder Schachttüre 7 zugeordnete Blenden 12, die so mit den Schachttürflügeln und den Schachttürriegeln in Verbindung stehen, dass sie bei nicht vollständig geschlossener Schachttüre 7 und/oder bei einem sich nicht in Verriegelungsstellung befindendem Schachttürriegel den Strahl 10.3 unterbrechen, wie dies in
Mit 10.3 ist der im Zusammenhang mit
Auf der rechten Seite von
With 10.3 is related to
On the right side of
Auf der linken Seite von
Das vorstehend beschriebene Verfahren ermöglicht also die Überwachung des Geschlossenzustands und des Verriegelungszustands einer Vielzahl von zentrisch oder seitlich schliessenden ein-, zwei- oder mehrflügeligen Schachttüren mit Hilfe eines einzigen Strahls.
Eine Seitenansicht D der beschriebenen Schachttüranordnung gemäss
A side view D of the shaft door arrangement described in accordance
Die vorstehend beschriebene Anordnung von Sender, Empfänger und Reflexionsfläche wird im Folgenden als Reflexionsprinzip bezeichnet. Emittierter und reflektierter Strahl liegen dabei eng beieinander, so dass die Sensoreigenschaften von Schachttürüberwachungssensoren nach dem Reflexionsprinzip weitgehend denjenigen von Schachttürüberwachungssensoren nach dem Sender/Empfänger-Prinzip entsprechen. In den anschliessenden Darstellungen wird daher nicht mehr zwischen den beiden Prinzipien unterschieden und jeweils nur ein Strahl gezeichnet.The arrangement of transmitter, receiver and reflection surface described above is referred to below as the reflection principle. Emitted and reflected beam are close to each other, so that the sensor properties of shaft door monitoring sensors according to the reflection principle largely those of shaft door monitoring sensors according to the transmitter / receiver principle correspond. In the subsequent illustrations, therefore, no distinction is made between the two principles and only one ray is drawn at a time.
In der in Bild 3 gezeigten Anordnungsversion des Schachttürüberwachungssensors 10 erstreckt sich mindestens ein Laserlichtstrahl 10.3 so entlang der die Schachttüren 7 enthaltenden Schachtwand, dass er durch einen nicht vollständig geschlossenen Schachttürflügel 8 und/oder durch eine der Blenden 17 unterbrochen wird, welche in den Strahl 10.3 hineinragen, wenn sie nicht durch den jeweils zugehörigen, sich in Verriegelungsstellung befindenden Schachttürriegel daran gehindert werden. Details zur Anordnung dieser - hier nur schematisch dargestellten - Blenden 17 sind in der folgenden
Links und rechts der beiden Schachttürflügel 8 ist je ein Strahl 10.3 - vorzugsweise ein Laserlichtstrahl - erkennbar, wie im Zusammenhang mit
Auch hier ist an jedem der beiden Türflügelträger 18 jeweils ein Schachttürriegel 22 gelenkig montiert.
Auf der rechten Seite von
To the left and right of the two shaft door leaves 8 is ever a beam 10.3 - preferably a laser light beam - recognizable, as in connection with
Here, too, a
On the right side of
Die linke Seite von
Das vorstehend im Zusammenhang mit
Zu erkennen sind in
- die
die Schachttüren 7enthaltende Schachtwand 30mit der Türöffnung 31, - der an der Schachtwand fixierte Türsupport 21 mit der an ihm befestigten Führungsschiene 20
der den Schachttürflügel 8tragende Türflügelträger 18, der mittels der an ihm angebrachten Führungsrollen 19 ander Führungsschiene 20 geführt istder am Türflügelträger 18 gelenkig gelagerte Schachttürriegel 22,der den Türflügelträger 18mit dem Verriegelungsanschlag 23 verriegelt- die
durch den Schachttürriegel 22bewegten Lenkerhebel 24, die, in Abhängigkeit von der Stellung des Schachttürriegels 22, dieBlende 12 in den Strahlweg des zentralen Strahls 10.3 hinein oder aus diesem heraus bewegen.
To recognize are in
- the
shaft door 30 containing theshaft wall 30 with thedoor opening 31, - the fixed to the shaft
wall door support 21 with the attached thereto guide rail 20th - the
door leaf carrier 18 carrying theshaft door leaf 8, which is guided on theguide rail 20 by means of theguide rollers 19 attached to it - the hinged on the
door leaf carrier 18shaft door latch 22, which locks thedoor leaf carrier 18 with the lockingstop 23 - the handlebar levers 24 moved by the
hoistway door latch 22 which, depending on the position of thehoistway door bolt 22, move theorifice 12 into or out of the beam path of the central jet 10.3.
Eine andere Realisierungsmöglichkeit der genannten separaten Überwachung ergibt sich, indem der Verriegelungszustand der Schachttürriegel 22, wie in
Die Vorteile der getrennten Überwachung von Geschlossenzustand und Verriegelungszustand sind darin zu sehen, dass sich daraus unterschiedliche Reaktionen auf einen detektierten Fehlerzustand ableiten lassen. Beispielsweise kann die fahrende Aufzugskabine beim Auftreten eines Verriegelungsfehlers noch bis zum nächsten Stockwerk weiterfahren, während bei Detektion einer offenen Schachttüre ein Notstopp generiert wird. Beispielsweise könnte aber auch, wenn zwei die Verriegelungen überwachende Strahlen und ein die Geschlossenstellung aller linksseitigen Schachttürflügel überwachender Strahl korrekte Zustände signalisieren, während für die rechtsseitigen Schachttürflügel ein nicht geschlossener Zustand gemeldet wird, darauf geschlossen werden, dass bei der als nicht geschlossen gemeldeten Schachttüre ein Detektionsfehler vorliegen muss, und dass die Fahrt bis zum Ziel-Stockwerk fortgesetzt werden kann. Für eine Vielzahl von unterschiedlichen Signal-Kombinationen sind jeweils angepasste Reaktionen programmierbar.The advantages of the separate monitoring of the closed state and the locked state can be seen in the fact that different responses to a detected error state can be derived therefrom. For example, when a locking error occurs, the moving elevator car can continue to drive to the next floor, while an emergency stop is generated when an open shaft door is detected. For example, if two beams monitoring the interlocks and one beam monitoring the closed position of all left-hand landing door panels could signal correct states, while a non-closed status is reported for the right-hand landing door panels, it could be concluded that there is a detection error in the hoistway door reported as not closed must be present and that the journey can be continued to the destination floor. For a variety of different signal combinations each adapted reactions are programmable.
Besonders effiziente Reaktionen auf Fehlersignale lassen sich ableiten, wenn, wie im Folgenden beschrieben, zusätzlich die Lage der die Fehlersignale verursachenden Komponenten detektierbar ist. Aus den bisherigen Beschreibungen und den
Wie in
As in
Als Strahlumlenkeinrichtung 32.1, 32.2, 32.3, 32.4 können Spiegel und/oder geeignete optische Prismen verwendet werden.As a beam deflecting 32.1, 32.2, 32.3, 32.4 mirrors and / or suitable optical prisms can be used.
Wird zur Überwachung der Schachttüren ein Schachttürüberwachungssensor 10 mit Distanzmessung verwendet, so kann mit dem beschriebenen Verfahren mit dem zuerst die Schachttürflügel erfassenden Strahlverlauf im Störfall erkannt werden, ob einer der Schachttürflügel 8.3, 8.4 nicht vollständig geschlossen ist, oder ob nur einer der die Stellung der Blenden 17.1, 17.2 bestimmenden Schachttürriegel sich nicht in seiner Verriegelungsstellung befindet. Dank dieser Unterscheidung können auch bei dieser nur einem einzigen Strahl aufweisenden Schachttürüberwachungseinrichtung im Störfall die bereits erwähnten situationsangepassten Reaktionen ausgelöst werden.If a shaft
Selbstverständlich lassen sich alle vorstehend beschriebenen Verfahren sinngemäss auch auf Schachttüren mit nur einem oder mit mehr als zwei Schachttürflügeln anwenden.Of course, all the methods described above can also apply mutatis mutandis to shaft doors with only one or more than two shaft door leaves.
Die Art und Weise, wie die Einwirkung der Schachttürstellung und/oder der Schachttürriegelstellung auf die Strahlen realisiert wird, lässt sich beinahe unbegrenzt variieren.
Beispielsweise kann die Schachttürriegelstellung direkt oder über Gelenke und Gestänge auf die Position von Blenden oder Reflexionsflächen in Form von Klappen, Schiebern, etc. übertragen werden, damit diese die sich in geeigneten Zonen in Nähe der Schachttüren erstreckenden Strahlen beeinflussen können.The manner in which the impact of the shaft door position and / or shaft door lock position on the beams is realized can be varied almost indefinitely.
For example, the shaft door lock position can be transmitted directly or via joints and linkages to the position of shutters or reflecting surfaces in the form of flaps, sliders, etc., so that they can influence the beams extending in suitable zones in the vicinity of the shaft doors.
Claims (13)
- Method of monitoring shaft doors (7) of a lift installation with a lift shaft (2) and a lift cage (3) vertically movable along one shaft wall (30), wherein the shaft wall (30) has several shaft doors (7) each with at least one horizontally displaceable shaft door panel (8), wherein when the lift cage (3) stops at a storey at least one shaft door panel (8) of the shaft door (7) respectively opposite the lift cage is opened and closed by a corresponding cage door panel (5), wherein the lift installation (1) comprises a lift control by which the movements of the lift cage (3), the cage door panel (5) and thus the respectively corresponding shaft door panel (8) are controlled, and wherein a closed setting of the shaft door panel (8) is monitored by at least one contactlessly-acting shaft door monitoring sensor emitting electromagnetic waves, characterised in that at least during specific detection phases a beam (10.3) in the form of electromagnetic waves and extending freely in space over several storeys is emitted by an emitter (10.1), which is mounted in the lift shaft, of the shaft door monitoring sensor (10) and is detected by a receiver (10.2) of the shaft door monitoring sensor (10), wherein the beam (10.3) is arranged so that when one of the shaft door panels (8) is not completely closed and/or a shaft door lock (22) is not disposed in locking state the beam is influenced in such a manner that it is recognised by the receiver (10.2) of the shaft door monitoring sensor (10) that one of the shaft doors (7) is not completely closed and/or not locked, wherein this information is signalled by the shaft door monitoring sensor (10) to the lift control.
- Method according to claim 1, characterised in that a lift cage (3) disposed in motion is stopped, and/or optical and/or acoustic alarm signals can be activated on at least one of the storeys, by the lift control when the shaft door monitoring sensor (10) during its operational state, in which all shaft doors (7) should be completely closed and locked, signals a shaft door panel (8) which is not completely locked and/or a shaft door lock (22) which is not disposed in locking setting.
- Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that a focussed beam of incoherent light waves or a laser light beam of coherent light waves is used as the beam (10.3).
- Method according to claim 3, characterised in that light from the wavelength ranges of ultraviolet light, visible light or infrared light is used for the emitted light beam.
- Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that at least during the detection phases the beam (10.3) is emitted by an emitter (10.1) in the direction of a receiver (10.2) mounted at the distance of several storeys therefrom and that it is detected by the receiver (10.2) whether the beam (10.3) reaches the receiver (10.2) or is interrupted as a consequence of a shaft door panel (8) which is not completely closed or a shaft door lock (22) which is not disposed in locking setting.
- Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that at least during the detection phases the beam (10.3) is emitted by an emitter (10.1) in the direction of a reflection surface (11) which is mounted at the distance of several storeys therefrom and which is oriented so that an arriving beam (10.3) is reflected to a receiver (10.2) installed in the region of the emitter (10.1), wherein it is detected by the receiver (10.2) whether the emitted beam (10.3) reaches the receiver (10.2) or is interrupted as a consequence of a shaft door panel (8) which is not completely closed or a shaft door lock (22) which is not disposed in locking state.
- Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that at least during the detection phase the beam (10.3) is emitted by an emitter (10.1) in the direction of a main reflection surface (13) which is mounted at a distance of several storeys therefrom, that the beam is reflected by this main reflection surface (13) or by a reflection surface (8.1, 8.2, 17), which projects into the beam in the case of a shaft door panel (8) which is not completely closed and/or a shaft door lock (22) which is not disposed in locking setting, to a receiver (10.2) present in the region of the emitter (10.1), and that the shaft door monitoring sensor (10) with emitter (10.1) and receiver (10.2) is so constructed that the distance covered by the beam (10.3) on its path from the emitter (10.1) by way of one of the reflection surfaces (13, 8.1, 8.2, 17) back to the receiver (10.2) can be ascertained and signalled to the lift control.
- Method according to claim 7, characterised in that as soon and so long as the ascertained distance covered by the beam (10.3) is shorter than the path from the emitter (10.1) to the main reflection surface (13) and back to the receiver (10.2) a shaft door panel (8) which is not completely closed and/or a shaft door lock (22) which is not disposed in locking setting is or are signalled by the shaft door monitoring sensor (10) or by a downstream evaluating device to the lift control, wherein when such a situation occurs during an operational state in which all shaft doors (7) should be closed and locked the distance to the instantaneously acting reflection surface and/or an identification, which is ascertained therefrom, of the storey from which the beam (10.3) is reflected is or are stored and/or indicated.
- Method according to claim 7 or 8, characterised in that the distance covered by the reflective beam (10.3) is ascertained with use of one of the following methods:- measurement of the transit time of individual pulses of the electromagnetic wave forming the beam (10.3) (Time of Flight Measurement)- measurement of the shift, which occurs between emission and reception, of the phase position of the coherently emitted electromagnetic waves forming the beam (10.3) (Phase Shift Measurement).
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a plurality of independent beams (10.3) is used for monitoring the shaft doors (7), wherein- shaft door panels (8) and shaft door locks (22) are monitored independently of one another or- the shaft door panels (8) and/or the shaft door locks (22) of multi-panel shaft doors are monitored independently of one another.
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a beam (10.3) emitted by an emitter (10.1) is so deflected in the lift shaft en route to a receiver (10.2) with the help of at least one beam deflecting device (33) fixed in the lift shaft (2) that a vertical distance corresponding with the heights of several storeys is transmitted by the beam (10.3) several times to different positions of the horizontal shaft cross-section, wherein the beam can be influenced by shaft door panels (8) which are not completely closed and/or by screens (12; 17) which are positioned in dependence on the locking state of the shaft door locks (22), the regions of which panels or screens detected by the beam being arranged at the said different positions.
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that if, during an operational state in which all shaft doors (7) should be closed, an incompletely closed shaft door panel (8) is signalled, remotely controllable auxiliary locks acting on the shaft door panels (8) can be activated.
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that in lift installations, which are equipped with a shaft door monitoring sensor (10) with distance recognition, optical and/or acoustic alarm signals and/or remotely controllable auxiliary locks acting on the shaft door panels can be activated exclusively at that storey in respect of the shaft doors (7) of which, during an operational state in which all shaft doors should be closed and locked, a shaft door panel (8) which is not completely closed and/or a shaft door lock (22) which is not disposed in locking setting is or are detected.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP20030009423 EP1359112B1 (en) | 2002-05-03 | 2003-04-25 | Method for monitoring the landing doors of an elevator |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP02405360 | 2002-05-03 | ||
EP02405360 | 2002-05-03 | ||
EP20030009423 EP1359112B1 (en) | 2002-05-03 | 2003-04-25 | Method for monitoring the landing doors of an elevator |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1359112A1 EP1359112A1 (en) | 2003-11-05 |
EP1359112B1 true EP1359112B1 (en) | 2008-03-26 |
Family
ID=29217242
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP20030009423 Expired - Lifetime EP1359112B1 (en) | 2002-05-03 | 2003-04-25 | Method for monitoring the landing doors of an elevator |
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EP (1) | EP1359112B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2015139747A1 (en) * | 2014-03-19 | 2015-09-24 | Otis Elevator Company | Method and device for monitoring the movement of at least one door, in particular an elevator door |
DE102019212726A1 (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2021-03-04 | Thyssenkrupp Elevator Innovation And Operations Ag | Elevator system that converts a car into a safety operating state depending on a closed state signal and a position of the car |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA2132152C (en) * | 1993-10-06 | 2005-02-15 | Peter Spiess | Door safety circuit for the monitoring of storey doors in lift installations |
US5644111A (en) * | 1995-05-08 | 1997-07-01 | New York City Housing Authority | Elevator hatch door monitoring system |
FR2775272A1 (en) * | 1998-02-25 | 1999-08-27 | Otis Elevator Co | Optical security system for lifts which does not need potentially dangerous electric circuits or space for cable troughs. The system has a long life and is light and compact. |
-
2003
- 2003-04-25 EP EP20030009423 patent/EP1359112B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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EP1359112A1 (en) | 2003-11-05 |
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