EP1350893A1 - Trench cutting wheel and trench cutter comprising at least two trench cutting wheels - Google Patents

Trench cutting wheel and trench cutter comprising at least two trench cutting wheels Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1350893A1
EP1350893A1 EP02290843A EP02290843A EP1350893A1 EP 1350893 A1 EP1350893 A1 EP 1350893A1 EP 02290843 A EP02290843 A EP 02290843A EP 02290843 A EP02290843 A EP 02290843A EP 1350893 A1 EP1350893 A1 EP 1350893A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
core
teeth
tooth
piston
ground
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Granted
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EP02290843A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1350893B1 (en
Inventor
André Julien Lamaire
Lucien Boris Devic-Bassaget
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Spie Fondations
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Spie Fondations
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Application filed by Spie Fondations filed Critical Spie Fondations
Priority to EP20020290843 priority Critical patent/EP1350893B1/en
Priority to DE60206355T priority patent/DE60206355D1/en
Publication of EP1350893A1 publication Critical patent/EP1350893A1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/18—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging wheels turning round an axis, e.g. bucket-type wheels
    • E02F3/20—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging wheels turning round an axis, e.g. bucket-type wheels with tools that only loosen the material, i.e. mill-type wheels
    • E02F3/205—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging wheels turning round an axis, e.g. bucket-type wheels with tools that only loosen the material, i.e. mill-type wheels with a pair of digging wheels, e.g. slotting machines
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/13—Foundation slots or slits; Implements for making these slots or slits

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a trench drilling wheel in the ground, as well as an excavator cutter comprising at least two of these wheels.
  • Excavator wheel includes a soul-shaped frame central on which, on either side of the core, drums are mounted rotary bearing teeth at their periphery to attack the ground. Blade also allows the transfer of hydraulic energy, for example drive motor included in the wheel.
  • a strawberry is made preferably two toothed wheels rotating in opposite directions. In operation, the cutter drills the soil in a drilling fluid, the rubble formed being pumped through a strainer.
  • a non-disaggregated projection forms between the drums, under the part of the central core located opposite the ground. This protruding terrain prevents wheel progression in soil particularly hard or viscous.
  • a first type of solution illustrated by the document EP-0 258 122, provides a special configuration of the part of the core located facing the ground. However, this technique does not allow attacking hard floors and requires frequent replacement of worn parts.
  • the invention aims to solve the aforementioned drawbacks, by proposing a drilling wheel and an excavating cutter for digging trenches in the ground that are both reliable and robust, which can dig trenches in any type of soil, and allows to reach superior yields.
  • the invention plans to overcome mechanical actuation of the teeth pivoting using a fluid hydraulic energy transfer.
  • the invention also relates to an excavating cutter for dig trenches in the ground, including an even number of wheels drilling above presented, the wheels being grouped in pairs and mounted in opposite rotation during normal operation.
  • Figure 1 a wheel 1 for digging cut into the ground by milling. This wheel is intended to equip a machine (not shown) such as a two-wheel excavator cutter mounted in reverse rotation.
  • a machine not shown
  • a two-wheel excavator cutter mounted in reverse rotation.
  • the wheel 1 is shown in the working position in a trench 2 in progress.
  • the wheel includes a frame 3 fixed to the machine, a core 4 having a central opening and a structure with symmetry plane with respect to a median plane P extending perpendicular to the bottom 2a of the trench, as well as two coaxial hubs of axis X substantially perpendicular to the core 4 and formed on either side of it.
  • the core 4 defines an extraction direction E according to which the wheel is introduced into the ground to dig trench 2.
  • the terms “top”, “Bottom”, “upper”, “lower” are defined with respect to this direction.
  • the core includes a high portion 4a facing the frame 3, as well as a lower end portion 4b, facing the bottom 2a of the trench 2.
  • the wheel 1 also includes two drums 6 carried by the hubs 5 and driven by a motor (not shown) included in the central opening of the soul.
  • the drums 6 extend on either side of the core 4 and are mounted in rotation about a common axis substantially coincides with the X axis of the hubs 5.
  • Each drum 6 is provided on its outer surface 7e, with teeth 8 to dig the ground. Teeth extend radially, those at most close to the soul being referenced 9.
  • the teeth 8, 9 are distributed, for example in staggered rows or in propeller, to cover substantially the entire surface 7 of the drum 6 and work the ground evenly.
  • the teeth 9 most close to the core 4 are movable relative to the drum 6.
  • the teeth 9 are movable between a high withdrawal position, in which they are spaced from the median plane P of the soul 4, and a low cutting position, in which they are located at the right of the core end 4b.
  • two teeth pivoting 9 are provided in the nonlimiting exemplary embodiment. These teeth are mounted around a pivot 10, of axis A substantially parallel to the tangent to the surface of the drum 6 at the point of contact in the direction radial.
  • the pivot 10 is mounted in a support 10a secured to the drum.
  • each tooth 9 can pivot between a withdrawal position in which it is spaced from the core 4 at the upper portion 4a of the core opposite the frame 3, and a cutting position in which it is in line with its end portion 4b.
  • the control means include pistons 12 sliding mounted, in a radial direction in the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 4, and connected by a hydraulic line 15, illustrated in Figure 2.
  • a hydraulic accumulator 11 with non-return valve 11a is mounted on the hydraulic circuit to compensate for fluid losses
  • each piston slides along O-rings 12a arranged in a bore through a housing 13 fitted into the wall 14 of the drum 6.
  • the piston 12 slides in the bore 13 of one under the action of the pressure transmitted by the fluid (an oil in the example illustrated) circulating in the hydraulic line 15 passing through the bottom of the bore through an orifice 13a, arranged under the piston.
  • Line 15 is formed between hub 5 and internal surface 7i of the drum 6, and the piston slides between a position protruding and a retracted position.
  • the tooth 9 is formed of a support 18 and a cutting element 9a, the support having a lateral face 17, substantially facing the core, and a rear face 19, facing the drum.
  • tooth 6 in the high position causes, by pressure transmission through line 15, radial ejection of the piston 12 in projecting position ( Figure 4) relative to the outer surface 7e of the drum 6.
  • the ejection of the piston 12 rotates the tooth 9 towards its position of cut in line with the lower end 4b of the core 4.
  • the piston 12 bears against the rear face 19 of the support, by exerting on the support 18 a force F. This force creates a driving torque around the pivot 10, rotating the tooth 9 under the core 4.
  • the pistons 12 are slidably mounted in an axial direction, that is to say in a bore made in a support 20.
  • This support is secured to the external face of the drum 6 parallel to the common axis X.
  • the support 18 has a projection 21 forming a housing on which the piston 12. Under these conditions, tooth 9 rotates around pivot 10 between its withdrawal position ( Figure 5) by the thrust exerted by pressing against the ramp 16, and its cutting position ( Figure 6) by the thrust exerted by the fluid hydraulic, under conditions similar to those mentioned above in reference to Figures 4 and 5.
  • the piston 12 advantageously has at least one head partially spherical 12b opposite tooth 9, to adapt to the inclination of the support of tooth 9 and limit the contact surface.
  • the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments described and represented.
  • the holder and the cutting element of teeth may form a single piece.
  • gaskets may be provided between the rear face of the tooth and the outer surface of the drum.
  • the pistons can be mounted inclined by relative to the axis of the hubs at angles of inclination which can also suitable, the pivoting teeth can be released by means other than a ramp, for example studs, ribs or any adapted outgrowth.
  • any form of ramp other than Vee could agree if appropriate.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

The excavator consists of a core (4) with upper (4a) and lower (4b) projections and two hubs (5) for rotary drums (6) with radial teeth (8, 9). The rows of teeth (9) adjacent to the core are movable between retracted and deployed positions by means of a hydraulic circuit and pistons that cause the teeth to turn on pivots. The circuit is designed so that the teeth in the retracted position provide the energy for holding the diametrically opposite teeth in the deployed position. A hydraulic accumulator and non-return valve compensate for fluid losses and wear.

Description

L'invention se rapporte à une roue de forage de tranchées dans le sol, ainsi qu'une fraise excavatrice comprenant au moins deux de ces roues.The invention relates to a trench drilling wheel in the ground, as well as an excavator cutter comprising at least two of these wheels.

Une roue excavatrice comprend un bâti en forme d'âme centrale sur lequel, de part et d'autre de l'âme, sont montés des tambours rotatifs portant des dents à leur périphérie pour attaquer le terrain. L'âme centrale permet également le transfert d'énergie hydraulique, par exemple au moteur d'entraínement inclus dans la roue. Une fraise est constituée préférentiellement de deux roues dentées tournant en sens inverse. En fonctionnement, la fraise fore le sol dans un fluide de forage, les gravats formés étant pompés par l'intermédiaire d'une crépine.Excavator wheel includes a soul-shaped frame central on which, on either side of the core, drums are mounted rotary bearing teeth at their periphery to attack the ground. Blade also allows the transfer of hydraulic energy, for example drive motor included in the wheel. A strawberry is made preferably two toothed wheels rotating in opposite directions. In operation, the cutter drills the soil in a drilling fluid, the rubble formed being pumped through a strainer.

En fonctionnement, un saillant non désagrégé se forme entre les tambours, sous la partie de l'âme centrale située en regard du sol. Ce saillant de terrain empêche la progression de la roue, dans les sols particulièrement durs ou visqueux.In operation, a non-disaggregated projection forms between the drums, under the part of the central core located opposite the ground. This protruding terrain prevents wheel progression in soil particularly hard or viscous.

Afin d'empêcher la formation de ce saillant, diverses solutions ont été proposées pour réaliser l'attaque du sol sous l'âme centrale.In order to prevent the formation of this salient, various solutions have been proposed to attack the ground under the central core.

Un premier type de solution, illustré par le document EP-0 258 122, prévoit une configuration spéciale de la partie de l'âme située en regard du sol. Cependant, cette technique ne permet pas d'attaquer les sols durs et nécessite le remplacement fréquent des parties usées.A first type of solution, illustrated by the document EP-0 258 122, provides a special configuration of the part of the core located facing the ground. However, this technique does not allow attacking hard floors and requires frequent replacement of worn parts.

D'autres solutions décrites par exemple dans le document EP-0 253 726, prévoient d'incliner les axes des tambours. Ce type de solution fragilise l'âme centrale qui est profilée pour s'adapter à la rotation des tambours inclinés, et l'efficacité du fraisage est fortement réduite.Other solutions described for example in document EP-0 253 726, plan to tilt the axes of the drums. This type of solution weakens the central core which is profiled to adapt to the rotation of inclined drums, and the efficiency of milling is greatly reduced.

Des évolutions ont conduit à la réalisation de dents pivotantes entre les tambours de fraisage. Mais cette solution entraíne la présence de gravats dans la roue par l'ouverture du moyeu de guidage des dents. La roue est alors endommagée et reste difficile à lubrifier par l'intérieur. De plus, le pivotement de la dent peut être entravé.Developments have led to the production of pivoting teeth between the milling drums. But this solution leads to the presence of rubble in the wheel through the opening of the tooth guide hub. Wheel is then damaged and remains difficult to lubricate from the inside. In addition, the swiveling of the tooth can be hindered.

L'invention vise à résoudre les inconvénients précités, en proposant une roue de forage et une fraise excavatrice pour creuser des tranchées dans le sol qui soit à la fois fiable et robuste, qui puisse creuser des tranchées dans n'importe quel type de sol, et permette d'atteindre des rendements supérieurs.The invention aims to solve the aforementioned drawbacks, by proposing a drilling wheel and an excavating cutter for digging trenches in the ground that are both reliable and robust, which can dig trenches in any type of soil, and allows to reach superior yields.

Pour ce faire, l'invention prévoit de s'affranchir de l'actionnement mécanique du pivotement des dents en utilisant un fluide hydraulique de transfert d'énergie.To do this, the invention plans to overcome mechanical actuation of the teeth pivoting using a fluid hydraulic energy transfer.

Plus précisément, un premier objet de l'invention concerne une roue de forage de tranchées dans le sol, comprenant :

  • une âme présentant une symétrie par rapport à un plan médian, cette âme se prolongeant par deux portions opposées, une portion en regard du bâti et une portion en extrémité, destinée à faire face au sol, et par deux moyeux coaxiaux à axe commun sensiblement perpendiculaire à l'âme, disposés de part et d'autre de l'âme ;
  • deux tambours montés sur les moyeux en rotation autour de l'axe commun, chaque tambour étant muni à sa périphérie de dents s'étendant radialement pour creuser le sol, des dents les plus proches de l'âme étant mobiles entre une position de retrait, dans laquelle elles sont maintenues espacées du plan médian au niveau de la portion d'âme en regard du bâti, et une position de coupe dans laquelle elles sont sensiblement au droit de la portion d'âme située en extrémité ;
et dans laquelle au moins deux des dents mobiles, diamétralement opposées, sont montées pivotantes entre lesdites positions sous l'action de moyens de commande comprenant un circuit hydraulique de transmission d'énergie à des dents pivotantes, de sorte que la dent maintenue en position de retrait transmette, à travers le circuit hydraulique, l'énergie pour maintenir la dent en position de coupe. More specifically, a first object of the invention relates to a wheel for drilling trenches in the ground, comprising:
  • a core having a symmetry with respect to a median plane, this core extending by two opposite portions, a portion facing the frame and an end portion, intended to face the ground, and by two coaxial hubs with a substantially perpendicular common axis to the soul, arranged on either side of the soul;
  • two drums mounted on the hubs rotating around the common axis, each drum being provided at its periphery with teeth extending radially to dig the ground, teeth closest to the core being movable between a withdrawal position, in which they are kept spaced from the median plane at the level of the core portion opposite the frame, and a cutting position in which they are substantially in line with the core portion located at the end;
and in which at least two of the diametrically opposed movable teeth are pivotally mounted between said positions under the action of control means comprising a hydraulic circuit for transmitting energy to pivoting teeth, so that the tooth maintained in the position of removal transmits, through the hydraulic circuit, the energy to keep the tooth in the cutting position.

L'utilisation d'un circuit hydraulique accroít la robustesse et les capacités de forage de la roue, et permet d'atteindre des rendements supérieurs à ceux habituellement obtenus.The use of a hydraulic circuit increases robustness and wheel drilling capabilities, and achieves yields higher than those usually obtained.

Selon des modes de réalisation particuliers

  • le circuit de transmission d'énergie hydraulique est réalisé par une conduite de fluide autonome, formée autour du moyeu et agissant sur chaque dent pivotante par un piston monté sur le tambour en contact mécanique avec la dent, le piston coulissant entre une position saillante dans laquelle il exerce une pression sur la dent pour la faire pivoter et la maintenir en position de coupe, et une position escamotée dans laquelle il est comprimé par la dent en position de retrait, le fluide de la conduite hydraulique transmettant la pression d'un piston à l'autre ;
  • les pistons sont montés parallèlement au plan de l'âme ou parallèlement à l'axe commun des moyeux ;
  • un accumulateur hydraulique à clapet anti-retour est monté sur le circuit hydraulique afin de compenser les pertes de fluide et rattraper les jeux d'usure ;
  • le retrait des dents pivotantes est réalisé par une rampe de dégagement formée sur la portion de l'âme située en regard du bâti supérieur, la rampe présentant de préférence un profil en forme de V.
According to particular embodiments
  • the hydraulic power transmission circuit is produced by an autonomous fluid line, formed around the hub and acting on each pivoting tooth by a piston mounted on the drum in mechanical contact with the tooth, the piston sliding between a projecting position in which it exerts pressure on the tooth to rotate it and keep it in the cutting position, and a retracted position in which it is compressed by the tooth in the withdrawing position, the fluid in the hydraulic line transmitting the pressure from a piston to the other ;
  • the pistons are mounted parallel to the plane of the core or parallel to the common axis of the hubs;
  • a hydraulic accumulator with non-return valve is mounted on the hydraulic circuit in order to compensate for fluid losses and to compensate for wear play;
  • the pivoting teeth are removed by a release ramp formed on the portion of the core located opposite the upper frame, the ramp preferably having a V-shaped profile.

L'invention a également pour objet une fraise excavatrice pour creuser des tranchées dans le sol, comprenant un nombre pair de roues de forage ci-dessus présentées, les roues étant groupées par deux et montées en rotation opposée en fonctionnement normal.The invention also relates to an excavating cutter for dig trenches in the ground, including an even number of wheels drilling above presented, the wheels being grouped in pairs and mounted in opposite rotation during normal operation.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaítront à la lecture de la description qui suit, relative à des modes de réalisation, en référence aux figures annexées qui représentent respectivement :

  • la figure 1, une vue en coupe transversale d'une roue pour creuser des tranchées dans le sol selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 2, est une vue en coupe partielle de la roue selon la ligne II-II de la figure 1 ;
  • la figure 3, une vue agrandie selon le cercle III-III de la figure 1, d'une dent mobile en position de retrait en liaison avec un piston monté parallèlement au plan de l'âme ;
  • la figure 4, une vue en coupe selon le cercle IV-IV de la figure 1 d'une dent mobile en position de coupe en liaison avec un piston monté parallèlement au plan de l'âme ;
  • la figure 5, une vue en coupe d'une variante de réalisation selon la figure 3 dans laquelle le piston est monté perpendiculairement au plan de l'âme ; et
  • la figure 6, une vue en coupe d'une variante de réalisation selon la figure 4 dans laquelle le piston est monté perpendiculairement au plan de l'âme.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the description which follows, relating to embodiments, with reference to the appended figures which represent respectively:
  • Figure 1, a cross-sectional view of a wheel for digging trenches in the ground according to the invention;
  • Figure 2 is a partial sectional view of the wheel along line II-II of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3, an enlarged view along the circle III-III of Figure 1, of a movable tooth in the retracted position in connection with a piston mounted parallel to the plane of the core;
  • Figure 4, a sectional view along the circle IV-IV of Figure 1 of a movable tooth in the cutting position in connection with a piston mounted parallel to the plane of the core;
  • Figure 5, a sectional view of an alternative embodiment according to Figure 3 in which the piston is mounted perpendicular to the plane of the core; and
  • Figure 6, a sectional view of an alternative embodiment according to Figure 4 in which the piston is mounted perpendicular to the plane of the core.

Sur la figure 1 est représenté une roue 1 pour creuser des tranchées dans le sol par fraisage. Cette roue est destinée à équiper un engin (non représenté) tel qu'une fraise excavatrice à deux roues montées en rotation inversée.In Figure 1 is shown a wheel 1 for digging cut into the ground by milling. This wheel is intended to equip a machine (not shown) such as a two-wheel excavator cutter mounted in reverse rotation.

La roue 1 est représentée en position de travail dans une tranchée 2 en cours de réalisation. La roue comprend un bâti 3 fixé à l'engin, une âme 4 présentant une ouverture centrale et une structure à symétrie plane par rapport à un plan médian P s'étendant perpendiculaire au fond 2a de la tranchée, ainsi que deux moyeux 5 coaxiaux d'axe X sensiblement perpendiculaire à l'âme 4 et formés de part et d'autre de celle-ci.The wheel 1 is shown in the working position in a trench 2 in progress. The wheel includes a frame 3 fixed to the machine, a core 4 having a central opening and a structure with symmetry plane with respect to a median plane P extending perpendicular to the bottom 2a of the trench, as well as two coaxial hubs of axis X substantially perpendicular to the core 4 and formed on either side of it.

L'âme 4 définit une direction d'extraction E selon laquelle la roue est introduite dans le sol pour creuser la tranchée 2. Les termes « haut », « bas », « supérieur », « inférieur » sont définis par rapport à cette direction.The core 4 defines an extraction direction E according to which the wheel is introduced into the ground to dig trench 2. The terms "top", "Bottom", "upper", "lower" are defined with respect to this direction.

L'âme comprend une portion haute 4a tournée vers le bâti 3, ainsi qu'une portion basse d'extrémité 4b, tournée vers le fond 2a de la tranchée 2. The core includes a high portion 4a facing the frame 3, as well as a lower end portion 4b, facing the bottom 2a of the trench 2.

La roue 1 comprend également deux tambours 6 portés par les moyeux 5 et entraínés par un moteur (non représenté) inclus dans l'ouverture centrale de l'âme. Les tambours 6 s'étendent de part et d'autre de l'âme 4 et sont montés en rotation autour d'un axe commun sensiblement confondu avec l'axe X des moyeux 5.The wheel 1 also includes two drums 6 carried by the hubs 5 and driven by a motor (not shown) included in the central opening of the soul. The drums 6 extend on either side of the core 4 and are mounted in rotation about a common axis substantially coincides with the X axis of the hubs 5.

Chaque tambour 6 est muni sur sa surface externe 7e, de dents 8 pour creuser le sol. Les dents s'étendent radialement, celles au plus près de l'âme étant référencées 9.Each drum 6 is provided on its outer surface 7e, with teeth 8 to dig the ground. Teeth extend radially, those at most close to the soul being referenced 9.

Les dents 8, 9 sont réparties, par exemple en quinconce ou en hélice, pour couvrir sensiblement toute la surface 7 du tambour 6 et travailler le sol de manière uniforme.The teeth 8, 9 are distributed, for example in staggered rows or in propeller, to cover substantially the entire surface 7 of the drum 6 and work the ground evenly.

Afin de travailler le sol sous l'âme 4 et d'empêcher ainsi la formation d'un saillant au droit de sa partie basse 4b, les dents 9 les plus proches de l'âme 4 sont mobiles par rapport au tambour 6.In order to work the soil under the web 4 and thus prevent the formation of a protrusion at the level of its lower part 4b, the teeth 9 most close to the core 4 are movable relative to the drum 6.

Les dents 9 sont mobiles entre une position haute de retrait, dans laquelle elles sont espacées du plan médian P de l'âme 4, et une position basse de coupe, dans laquelle elles sont situées au droit de l'extrémité d'âme 4b.The teeth 9 are movable between a high withdrawal position, in which they are spaced from the median plane P of the soul 4, and a low cutting position, in which they are located at the right of the core end 4b.

Comme illustré sur la coupe de la figure 2, deux dents pivotantes 9 sont prévues dans l'exemple non limitatif de réalisation. Ces dents sont montées autour d'un pivot 10, d'axe A sensiblement parallèle à la tangente à la surface du tambour 6 au point de contact selon la direction radiale. Le pivot 10 est monté dans un support 10a solidarisé au tambour.As illustrated in the section of Figure 2, two teeth pivoting 9 are provided in the nonlimiting exemplary embodiment. These teeth are mounted around a pivot 10, of axis A substantially parallel to the tangent to the surface of the drum 6 at the point of contact in the direction radial. The pivot 10 is mounted in a support 10a secured to the drum.

Sous l'action de moyens de commande, chaque dent 9 peut pivoter entre une position de retrait dans laquelle elle est espacée de l'âme 4 au niveau de la portion supérieure 4a de l'âme en regard du bâti 3, et une position de coupe dans laquelle elle est au droit de sa portion d'extrémité 4b.Under the action of control means, each tooth 9 can pivot between a withdrawal position in which it is spaced from the core 4 at the upper portion 4a of the core opposite the frame 3, and a cutting position in which it is in line with its end portion 4b.

Les moyens de commande comprennent des pistons 12 montés coulissant, selon une direction radiale dans le mode de réalisation illustré aux figures 1 à 4, et reliés par une conduite hydraulique 15, illustrée en figure 2. Un accumulateur hydraulique 11 à clapet anti-retour 11a est monté sur le circuit hydraulique afin de compenser les pertes de fluideThe control means include pistons 12 sliding mounted, in a radial direction in the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 4, and connected by a hydraulic line 15, illustrated in Figure 2. A hydraulic accumulator 11 with non-return valve 11a is mounted on the hydraulic circuit to compensate for fluid losses

Comme cela apparaít en référence aux figures 3 et 4, chaque piston coulisse le long de joints toriques 12a disposés dans un alésage traversant d'un logement 13 emmanché dans la paroi 14 du tambour 6.As it appears with reference to Figures 3 and 4, each piston slides along O-rings 12a arranged in a bore through a housing 13 fitted into the wall 14 of the drum 6.

Le piston 12 coulisse dans l'alésage 13 d'un sous l'action de la pression transmise par le fluide (une huile dans l'exemple illustré) circulant dans la conduite hydraulique 15 traversant le fond de l'alésage par un orifice 13a, disposé sous le piston. La conduite 15 est formée entre le moyeu 5 et la surface interne 7i du tambour 6, et le piston coulisse entre une position saillante et une position escamotée.The piston 12 slides in the bore 13 of one under the action of the pressure transmitted by the fluid (an oil in the example illustrated) circulating in the hydraulic line 15 passing through the bottom of the bore through an orifice 13a, arranged under the piston. Line 15 is formed between hub 5 and internal surface 7i of the drum 6, and the piston slides between a position protruding and a retracted position.

Plus précisément, la dent 9 est formée d'un support 18 et d'un élément de coupe 9a, le support possédant une face latérale 17, sensiblement en regard de l'âme, et une face arrière 19, en regard du tambour.More specifically, the tooth 9 is formed of a support 18 and a cutting element 9a, the support having a lateral face 17, substantially facing the core, and a rear face 19, facing the drum.

Dans sa position escamotée (figure 3), le piston 12 est poussé par une rampe 16 profilée en Vé et formée sur la portion de l'âme 4a située en regard du bâti 3. Une face latérale 17 du support 18 de la dent 9 prend appui contre la rampe 16. La dent 9 est alors pivotée en position de retrait.In its retracted position (Figure 3), the piston 12 is pushed by a ramp 16 profiled in Vé and formed on the portion of the core 4a located in look of the frame 3. A lateral face 17 of the support 18 of the tooth 9 is supported against the ramp 16. The tooth 9 is then pivoted in the retracted position.

L'escamotage de la dent 6 en position haute provoque, par transmission de pression à travers la conduite 15, l'éjection radiale du piston 12 en position saillante (figure 4) par rapport à la surface externe 7e du tambour 6. L'éjection du piston 12 fait pivoter la dent 9 vers sa position de coupe au droit de l'extrémité basse 4b de l'âme 4.The retraction of tooth 6 in the high position causes, by pressure transmission through line 15, radial ejection of the piston 12 in projecting position (Figure 4) relative to the outer surface 7e of the drum 6. The ejection of the piston 12 rotates the tooth 9 towards its position of cut in line with the lower end 4b of the core 4.

Le piston 12 prend appui contre la face arrière 19 du support, en exerçant sur le support 18 une force F. Cette force crée un couple moteur autour du pivot 10, faisant pivoter la dent 9 sous l'âme 4.The piston 12 bears against the rear face 19 of the support, by exerting on the support 18 a force F. This force creates a driving torque around the pivot 10, rotating the tooth 9 under the core 4.

Dans un autre mode de réalisation, illustré par les figures 5 et 6, les pistons 12 sont montés coulissant selon une direction axiale, c'est-à-dire dans un alésage pratiqué dans un support 20. Ce support est solidarisé à la face externe du tambour 6 parallèlement à l'axe commun X. Le support 18 présente une avancée 21 formant un logement sur lequel s'appuie le piston 12. Dans ces conditions, la dent 9 tourne autour du pivot 10 entre sa position de retrait (figure 5) par la poussée exercée en appui contre la rampe 16, et sa position de coupe (figure 6) par la poussée exercée par le fluide hydraulique, dans des conditions similaires à celles évoquées ci-dessus en référence aux figures 4 et 5.In another embodiment, illustrated by FIGS. 5 and 6, the pistons 12 are slidably mounted in an axial direction, that is to say in a bore made in a support 20. This support is secured to the external face of the drum 6 parallel to the common axis X. The support 18 has a projection 21 forming a housing on which the piston 12. Under these conditions, tooth 9 rotates around pivot 10 between its withdrawal position (Figure 5) by the thrust exerted by pressing against the ramp 16, and its cutting position (Figure 6) by the thrust exerted by the fluid hydraulic, under conditions similar to those mentioned above in reference to Figures 4 and 5.

Le piston 12 possède avantageusement une tête au moins partiellement sphérique 12b en regard de la dent 9, pour s'adapter à l'inclinaison du support de la dent 9 et en limiter la surface de contact.The piston 12 advantageously has at least one head partially spherical 12b opposite tooth 9, to adapt to the inclination of the support of tooth 9 and limit the contact surface.

L'invention n'est pas limitée aux exemples de réalisation décrits et représentés. Par exemple, le support et l'élément de coupe des dents peuvent ne former qu'un monobloc.The invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments described and represented. For example, the holder and the cutting element of teeth may form a single piece.

Afin d'éviter l'introduction de gravats dans le tambour, des joints d'étanchéité peuvent être prévus entre la face arrière des supports de dent et la surface externe du tambour.In order to avoid the introduction of rubble into the drum, gaskets may be provided between the rear face of the tooth and the outer surface of the drum.

Par ailleurs, les pistons peuvent être montés inclinés par rapport à l'axe des moyeux selon des angles d'inclinaison qui peuvent également convenir, les dents pivotantes peuvent être dégagées par des moyens autres qu'une rampe, par exemple des plots, des nervures ou toute excroissance adaptée. De plus, toute forme de rampe autre qu'en Vé pourrait convenir si adaptée.Furthermore, the pistons can be mounted inclined by relative to the axis of the hubs at angles of inclination which can also suitable, the pivoting teeth can be released by means other than a ramp, for example studs, ribs or any adapted outgrowth. In addition, any form of ramp other than Vee could agree if appropriate.

Claims (8)

Roue de forage de tranchées (2) dans le sol, comprenant une âme (4) présentant une symétrie par rapport à un plan médian (P), cette âme (4) se prolongeant par deux portions opposées, une portion (4a) en regard du bâti (3) et une portion en extrémité (4b) destinée à faire face au sol, et par deux moyeux coaxiaux (5) à axe commun (X), sensiblement perpendiculaire à l'âme (4), disposés de part et d'autre de l'âme, et deux tambours (6) montés sur les moyeux en rotation autour de l'axe commun, chaque tambour étant muni à sa périphérie de dents (8,9) s'étendant radialement pour creuser le sol, des dents (9) les plus proches de l'âme étant mobiles entre une position de retrait, dans laquelle elles sont maintenues espacées du plan médian (P) au niveau de la portion d'âme (4a) en regard du bâti, et une position de coupe dans laquelle elles sont sensiblement au droit de la portion d'âme (4b) située en extrémité, la roue de forage (1) étant caractérisée en ce qu'au moins deux des dents mobiles (9), diamétralement opposées, sont montées pivotantes entre lesdites positions sous l'action de moyens de commande comprenant un circuit hydraulique (12,15) de transmission d'énergie aux dents pivotantes, de sorte que la dent maintenue en position de retrait transmette, à travers le circuit hydraulique, l'énergie pour maintenir la dent en position de coupe.Trench drilling wheel (2) in the ground, comprising a core (4) having a symmetry with respect to a median plane (P), this core (4) being extended by two opposite portions, a portion (4a) facing of the frame (3) and an end portion (4b) intended to face the ground, and by two coaxial hubs (5) with common axis (X), substantially perpendicular to the core (4), arranged on both sides other of the core, and two drums (6) mounted on the hubs in rotation about the common axis, each drum being provided at its periphery with teeth (8,9) extending radially to dig the ground, teeth (9) closest to the core being movable between a withdrawal position, in which they are kept spaced from the median plane (P) at the level of the core portion (4a) facing the frame, and a position cutting in which they are substantially in line with the core portion (4b) situated at the end, the drilling wheel (1) being characterized in that that at least two of the diametrically opposed movable teeth (9) are pivotally mounted between said positions under the action of control means comprising a hydraulic circuit (12,15) for transmitting energy to the pivoting teeth, so that the tooth held in the withdrawal position transmits, through the hydraulic circuit, the energy to keep the tooth in the cutting position. Roue de forage selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle le circuit de transmission d'énergie hydraulique est réalisé par une conduite (15) de fluide autonome, formée autour du moyeu (5) et agissant sur chaque dent pivotante (9) par un piston (12) monté sur le tambour (6) en contact mécanique avec la dent, le piston (12) coulissant entre une position saillante dans laquelle il exerce une pression sur la dent (9) pour la faire pivoter et la maintenir en position de coupe, et une position escamotée dans laquelle il est comprimé par la dent (9) en position de retrait, le fluide de la conduite hydraulique transmettant la pression d'un piston à l'autre. A drilling wheel according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic power transmission circuit is realized by a pipe (15) of autonomous fluid, formed around the hub (5) and acting on each tooth pivoting (9) by a piston (12) mounted on the drum (6) in contact mechanical with the tooth, the piston (12) sliding between a projecting position in which it exerts pressure on the tooth (9) to rotate it and the maintain in cutting position, and a retracted position in which it is compressed by the tooth (9) in the withdrawn position, the fluid in the pipe hydraulic transmitting pressure from one piston to another. Roue de forage selon la revendication 2, dans laquelle les pistons sont montés parallèlement au plan (P) de l'âme (4) parallèlement à l'axe commun (X) des moyeux (5).A drilling wheel according to claim 2, wherein the pistons are mounted parallel to the plane (P) of the core (4) parallel to the common axis (X) of the hubs (5). Roue de forage selon la revendication 2, dans laquelle les pistons sont montés parallèlement à l'axe commun (X) des moyeux (5).A drilling wheel according to claim 2, wherein the pistons are mounted parallel to the common axis (X) of the hubs (5). Roue de forage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle un accumulateur hydraulique (11) à clapet anti-retour (11a) est monté sur le circuit hydraulique afin de compenser les pertes de fluide et rattraper les jeux d'usure.Drilling wheel according to any one of the claims previous, in which a hydraulic accumulator (11) with non-return valve (11a) is mounted on the hydraulic circuit to compensate for losses fluid and make up for wear. Roue de forage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le retrait des dents pivotantes est réalisé par une rampe de dégagement (16) formée sur la portion de l'âme (4a) située en regard du bâti supérieur.Drilling wheel according to any one of the claims previous, in which the removal of the pivoting teeth is achieved by a release ramp (16) formed on the portion of the core (4a) located at look of the upper frame. Roue de forage selon la revendication précédente, dans laquelle la rampe présente un profil en forme de Vé.Drilling wheel according to the preceding claim, in which the ramp has a V-shaped profile. Fraise excavatrice pour creuser des tranchées dans le sol, comprenant un nombre pair de roues de forage (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, les roues étant groupées par deux et montées en rotation opposée en fonctionnement normal.Excavator cutter for digging trenches in the ground, comprising an even number of drill wheels (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, the wheels being grouped in pairs and mounted in opposite rotation during normal operation.
EP20020290843 2002-04-05 2002-04-05 Trench cutting wheel and trench cutter comprising at least two trench cutting wheels Revoked EP1350893B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20020290843 EP1350893B1 (en) 2002-04-05 2002-04-05 Trench cutting wheel and trench cutter comprising at least two trench cutting wheels
DE60206355T DE60206355D1 (en) 2002-04-05 2002-04-05 Milling wheel and trench cutter comprising at least two cutting wheels

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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EP20020290843 EP1350893B1 (en) 2002-04-05 2002-04-05 Trench cutting wheel and trench cutter comprising at least two trench cutting wheels

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1548192A1 (en) * 2003-12-23 2005-06-29 BAUER Maschinen GmbH Tiltable tooth.
EP3128126A1 (en) * 2015-08-06 2017-02-08 Caterpillar Global Mining Europe GmbH Cutting drum with pivot cutter unit
EP4375423A1 (en) * 2022-11-28 2024-05-29 Liebherr-Werk Nenzing GmbH Slotted wall milling cutter

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US4391472A (en) * 1980-10-17 1983-07-05 The Cincinnati Mine Machinery Company Core eliminator for mining, road working or earth moving machinery
US4718731A (en) * 1985-06-03 1988-01-12 Karl Bauer Spezialtiefbau Gmbh & Co. Kg Milling fixture for a slotted wall milling cutter
EP0253726A1 (en) * 1986-07-15 1988-01-20 SOLETANCHE Société Anonyme dite: Motoric device for digging trenches in the soil with the aid of rotary cutters
US4793732A (en) * 1988-01-21 1988-12-27 Jordon Robert L Pavement slot cutter
US4800967A (en) * 1986-08-07 1989-01-31 Soletanche Drilling machine for digging trenches in the ground
US4834197A (en) * 1987-05-13 1989-05-30 Bauer Spezialtiefbau Gmbh Trench cutter
FR2805552A1 (en) * 2000-02-29 2001-08-31 Spie Fond S Trench cutting implement has rotating drums with fixed teeth and moving teeth on support actuated by radial pistons and cam surfaces

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US4391472A (en) * 1980-10-17 1983-07-05 The Cincinnati Mine Machinery Company Core eliminator for mining, road working or earth moving machinery
US4718731A (en) * 1985-06-03 1988-01-12 Karl Bauer Spezialtiefbau Gmbh & Co. Kg Milling fixture for a slotted wall milling cutter
EP0253726A1 (en) * 1986-07-15 1988-01-20 SOLETANCHE Société Anonyme dite: Motoric device for digging trenches in the soil with the aid of rotary cutters
US4800967A (en) * 1986-08-07 1989-01-31 Soletanche Drilling machine for digging trenches in the ground
US4834197A (en) * 1987-05-13 1989-05-30 Bauer Spezialtiefbau Gmbh Trench cutter
US4793732A (en) * 1988-01-21 1988-12-27 Jordon Robert L Pavement slot cutter
FR2805552A1 (en) * 2000-02-29 2001-08-31 Spie Fond S Trench cutting implement has rotating drums with fixed teeth and moving teeth on support actuated by radial pistons and cam surfaces

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1548192A1 (en) * 2003-12-23 2005-06-29 BAUER Maschinen GmbH Tiltable tooth.
US7278228B2 (en) 2003-12-23 2007-10-09 Bauer Maschinen Gmbh Hinged tooth
CN100385079C (en) * 2003-12-23 2008-04-30 包尔机械有限公司 Hinged cutting tooth
EP3128126A1 (en) * 2015-08-06 2017-02-08 Caterpillar Global Mining Europe GmbH Cutting drum with pivot cutter unit
WO2017021007A1 (en) * 2015-08-06 2017-02-09 Caterpillar Global Mining Europe Gmbh Cutting drum with pivot cutter unit
EP4375423A1 (en) * 2022-11-28 2024-05-29 Liebherr-Werk Nenzing GmbH Slotted wall milling cutter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
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DE60206355D1 (en) 2006-02-09

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