EP1347178A1 - Easily cleanable centrifugal pump - Google Patents

Easily cleanable centrifugal pump Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1347178A1
EP1347178A1 EP03005190A EP03005190A EP1347178A1 EP 1347178 A1 EP1347178 A1 EP 1347178A1 EP 03005190 A EP03005190 A EP 03005190A EP 03005190 A EP03005190 A EP 03005190A EP 1347178 A1 EP1347178 A1 EP 1347178A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotor
pump
centrifugal pump
pump according
impeller
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP03005190A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1347178B1 (en
Inventor
Heinz Rust
Friedemann Seibert
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Hilge GmbH and Co KG
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Philipp Hilge GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1347178A1 publication Critical patent/EP1347178A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/04—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof
    • F04D29/046—Bearings
    • F04D29/048—Bearings magnetic; electromagnetic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D13/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D13/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D13/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
    • F04D13/0606—Canned motor pumps
    • F04D13/0633—Details of the bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D13/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D13/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D13/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
    • F04D13/0606—Canned motor pumps
    • F04D13/064—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D13/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D13/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D13/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
    • F04D13/0646—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven the hollow pump or motor shaft being the conduit for the working fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/60—Mounting; Assembling; Disassembling
    • F04D29/62—Mounting; Assembling; Disassembling of radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/628—Mounting; Assembling; Disassembling of radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for liquid pumps

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a centrifugal pump with a pump housing, which one Comprises pump chamber, which has a suction area and a discharge area, with an impeller, which is rotatably mounted within the pump chamber around an impeller axis, and with a Wheel drive.
  • centrifugal pump which are very easy to clean and which e.g. by briefly pumping a flushing medium a pump medium previously present in the pump can be completely removed in order to Avoid contamination of media that are pumped later, and the rinsing process should also be avoided quick and easy and without disassembly and without using excessive amounts of Detergent should be done.
  • the present invention is based on the object To create a centrifugal pump with the features mentioned above, which is even easier and is easier to clean and which is therefore particularly suitable for sterile applications or in general for applications in which a simplified flushing and cleaning of a pump is desired is.
  • the impeller drive Pump consists of at least one reluctance motor, the electrically contactless rotor in the volume of the pump chamber acted upon by the pump medium, and its stator is arranged on or in a housing section of the pump surrounding the rotor.
  • Such a reluctance motor has been used conventionally for centrifugal pumps Drives the advantage that the rotor does not have to have permanent magnets or any contains electrical windings that require a power supply.
  • the rotors also contain no permanent magnets.
  • the drive rotor has no mechanical or electrical connection to other drive elements no seals are required for corresponding transitions.
  • the rotor can be connected directly to the driven impeller and both parts together can be arranged in the pump room so that easy cleaning and rinsing of these parts is easily possible.
  • the rotor is independent of the magnetic driving forces has a magnetic bearing.
  • Such storage ensures that the rotor in Operation of the pump does not come into contact with the pump housing, so without appropriate Friction even higher speeds are possible.
  • the invention would also be straightforward one or more plain bearings open on both sides can be realized, which are easy to flush and to are clean, since such bearings do not need to have a sealing function.
  • Magnetic storage is only possible or at least considerably facilitated by the fact that the rotor of the reluctance motor contains no permanent magnets for the drive, but only soft magnetic material.
  • the rotor is also coupled directly to the impeller, so that none at all Gear elements are present in which parts of the pump medium could get caught.
  • the rotor is a ring, which with a corresponding Drive shaft is connected, with spaces between radial projections of the Ring are either filled with non-magnetic material or the entire ring is enveloped is so that the gaps are covered.
  • the rotors of reluctance motors typically have radial projections in the manner of the teeth of a gear, which at different times by magnetic induction from a each closest pole shoe are tightened, according to the desired speed of the rotor a quick switchover between several poles of the stator takes place.
  • the surface should be as smooth as possible received, the design is an essentially smooth ring with filled interdental spaces or a continuous wrapping is preferred.
  • support cams provided, which in the case of a Rotor standstill lie on the corresponding housing surfaces and also in the case of a Contact with the housing during the rotation take over the function of sliding elements.
  • these support cams are encircling in a ring Web, and preferably on the outer cylindrical surface of the annular rotor and if necessary also on one or both axial end faces of the rotor.
  • the material of these cams or webs is chosen so that it has the lowest possible sliding friction with the inner surface of the pump chamber housing.
  • One embodiment is particularly preferred the invention, in which two reluctance motors are provided for the drive, one rotor each axially in front of an impeller or a group of impellers connected in series, and a rotor behind the impeller or the group of impellers connected in series is arranged.
  • the rotors are expediently located in the vicinity of the suction area and the discharge area of the pump.
  • the Pump is designed as an axial pump, that is, as a pump in which both the suction area or suction nozzle of the pump as well as the discharge area or discharge nozzle (discharge nozzle) the pump coaxial to the common axis of the rotor or the rotors and the impeller or the impellers are arranged.
  • an embodiment of the invention is preferred in which a plurality of impellers are connected in series Rotate the impeller cells.
  • the stator of the drive according to the invention is expediently located outside the pump chamber arranged, a four-pole winding for driving the rotor is preferred.
  • a two- or multi-pole winding for the radial magnetic bearing of the rotor be provided.
  • Additional windings can be provided for the axial magnetic bearing of the rotor become.
  • These windings are expediently in the rotor or rotor ring directly surrounding wall area of the pump housing arranged. For this e.g. special Recesses can be provided in the wall of the pump housing.
  • the radial play of the rotor is at most 1 up to 2 mm and the axial play maximum 0.5 to 1 mm. It should be borne in mind that due to the expediently rigid and rotationally fixed connection of the rotor or the rotor hub to the drive shaft the impellers each radial and axial movement of the rotor in the same way the or the impellers is transmitted so that the impellers in their impeller cells, that is compared to the partitions provided in the pump room, which separate the individual pump cells or define impeller cells, must have a corresponding radial and axial play. Out for this reason it is of course preferred for a high efficiency of the pump if that radial and axial play is kept as small as possible, but without running the risk that it frequent or even regular contact of the rotor with the surrounding wall areas of the pump housing comes.
  • the windings for the magnetic bearing should of course be independent of the stator windings the reluctance motor can be switched, so that the magnetic bearing both slow running as well as when the rotor is stopped.
  • any seals that are between individual components of the pump housing or e.g. also between a hub of the rotor and the corresponding drive shaft for the impellers should, if possible, be open to the pump room and easily accessible, i.e. neither in front of the gaskets between the gaskets and surrounding wall areas narrow, narrow seal gaps remain, into which the pump medium penetrate and which would then be difficult to clean.
  • the seals to the pump room should be largely open and the seal receptacles on the inside walls of the pumps be designed so that the transition from the sealing surface to the adjacent housing surface always relatively abrupt and at an angle of more than 30 °, so that on this Way narrow and narrow sealing gaps can be avoided.
  • the rotor is advantageously as a spoke wheel with a hub and an annular rim as well typically three to a maximum of six spokes formed, which hub and rim or rim ring connect with each other, the actual rotor being made of soft magnetic material with tooth-like radial projections exists on the ring or rim area of such Spoked wheel limited.
  • the spokes should have a cross section that allows the passage of the Pump medium as little as possible, because the spokes in the suction area and / or in Discharge area of the pump medium.
  • the single figure shows an axial longitudinal section through a preferred embodiment of the invention Centrifugal pump.
  • the centrifugal pump designated overall by 10, consists of a multi-part pump housing, which consists in detail of a suction cover 1, a pressure cover 2, a first motor housing 3, a second motor housing 3 'and pump cell housings 13 is formed. Especially on the motor housing sections 3 and 3 'additional cooling fins can 25 may be provided.
  • the individual housing sections are sealed by sealing rings 6 and 7, respectively connected with each other.
  • the pump housing described above thus defines a pump chamber 20, which is a suction area 26 and a discharge area or pressure area 27, the actual pumping effect is generated by three series-connected impeller cells, which are separated by partitions 36 or 35 and housing sections 13 are defined.
  • the intake port 16 and the pressure port 17 are arranged coaxially to the common axis 18 of the impellers 4 and the rotors 5.
  • the first Impeller cell has an inlet opening 29 which surrounds the drive shaft 19 in a ring shape, butting it Pump medium radially outwards, from where it is conducted via guide plates 21 into the next impeller cell which also has a central, annular inlet opening.
  • the pump medium After passing through a third impeller cell, the pump medium arrives as shown Arrows into the discharge or pressure area 27 and from there through the pressure port 17 outside or in a pressure line. As you can see, the pump medium flows through both in Suction area 26 and in the pressure area 27 the spoke wheels of the two rotors 5 and 5 '.
  • the spokes 14 of the spoke wheels have a circular shape Cross-section, but you might as well have an elongated or oval or flat cross-section have and be propeller-like against the axis 18.
  • the rotors 5 are only very here represented schematically.
  • the flat, recessed bars 23, 24 represent soft magnetic Elements or recesses between them.
  • the in the surrounding pump housing 3 Shown flat, bar-shaped elements 12, 22 represent the space for stator windings or for magnetic bearing windings.
  • the radially outer peripheral surface of a rotor 5 is a slightly protruding, rotating Web 9 formed, which could also be divided into two or more narrower webs and which serves as an emergency camp, in the event that there is a contact of the rotor 5 with the inner wall of the surrounding housing 3 comes.
  • a similar web 9 is also on the axial outside of the rotors 5 and 5 'are provided, which also lie opposite corresponding inner surfaces of the pump housing, however, under normal operating conditions in a small but essentially constant distance on the order of 0.5 mm to these surfaces.
  • the radial play of the webs or cams 9 on the rotors 5 and 5 ' is a maximum of 1 to 2 mm.
  • the impellers or impeller blades 4, which are fixed, also have a corresponding radial play are mounted on a shaft 19, which in turn is rigidly and rigidly connected to the hub 15 of the rotor 5 is.
  • the rotor 5 and the impellers 4 therefore rotate about a common axis 18
  • Pump cells are formed by partitions 35, 36, which in between one of the impeller blades Include 4 swept volumes.
  • the medium is through the impeller blades 4th radially outwards into the pressure area 39 of the impeller cell in question and is from there via baffles 21 again the next annular suction opening of a next impeller cell fed, etc., until the pump medium finally from the last impeller cell into the pressure chamber 27 is ejected.
  • Both the pump medium entering the intake area 20 through the intake port 16 and also the pump medium emerging in the pressure region 27 and the corresponding pressure connection 17 must pass between the spokes 14 of the rotors 5 and 5 ', respectively.
  • the cross-section of the spokes is shown here as a circular cross-section, but this can Cross-section also be oval or oblong-flat and are generally designed so that it flows through Pump medium opposes as little resistance as possible or the pump flow still supported.
  • Each rotor 5, 5 'expediently has only three or four corresponding spokes.
  • These seals 8 are, as is the case with the seals 6 and 7 recognizes sealing rings with a significant part of their peripheral surface to the inside The pumping chamber should be exposed and thus be well washed over by the pumping medium.
  • the pump is designed so that it consists of as many identical parts as possible.
  • the suction cover 1 and the pressure cover 2 identical components, which are only mirror images are arranged to each other.
  • the pump housing sections 3, 3 ' which are also the stator area of the reluctance motors are identical and are only mirror images of each other arranged. The same also applies to the rotors 5 including the associated spokes 14 and Hubs 22.
  • the individual pump cell housings or pressure covers 13 are different Pump cells are of identical design, that is to say they each have a cylindrical housing section 13 and a radially inwardly extending partition 35 on the suction cover the next following impeller cell. There are corresponding ones on the pressure side of each of the impeller cells Baffles 21 provided on the partition 35. As you can see, are shown in the Embodiment two identical impeller cells with corresponding identical housing sections 13 arranged one behind the other. A third cell only consists of an impeller 4.
  • the housing sections 3, 3 ' which form the stators for the reluctance motors, also have still cooling fins 25 on.
  • the axial arrangement of the suction port 16 and the pressure port 17 leads to the impellers do not experience an effective load in a radial direction, so that it becomes easier for the rotors 5, 5 'to be magnetically supported in the radial direction.
  • the axial magnetic bearing is independent of the radial bearing.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)

Abstract

Centrifugal pump comprises a pump housing having a pump chamber (20) with a suction region (26) and a pushing region (27), a running wheel (4) which rotates about a running wheel axis (18) within the pump chamber, and a running wheel drive consisting of a reluctance motor. The motor has an electrical contact-less rotor (5) magnetically arranged within the pump chamber and a stator arranged on or in the housing section (3) of the pump surrounding the rotor. Preferred Features: The rotor is magnetically arranged in the radial as well as in the axial direction in the pump chamber. The running wheel is coupled directly with the rotor.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Kreiselpumpe mit einem Pumpengehäuse, welches einen Pumpraum umfaßt, der einen Ansaugbereich und einen Ausstoßbereich aufweist, mit einem Laufrad, welches innerhalb des Pumpraumes um eine Laufradachse drehbar gelagert ist, und mit einem Laufradantrieb.The present invention relates to a centrifugal pump with a pump housing, which one Comprises pump chamber, which has a suction area and a discharge area, with an impeller, which is rotatably mounted within the pump chamber around an impeller axis, and with a Wheel drive.

Entsprechende Kreiselpumpen sind in zahlreichen Varianten schon seit langem bekannt. Diese Pumpen finden häufig Verwendung für das Pumpen von Flüssigkeiten in der chemischen Industrie und auch in der Lebensmittelindustrie. Bei diesen Anwendungen kommt es häufig darauf an, eine Kontamination des Pumpmediums zu vermeiden. Eine solche Kontamination kann entweder dadurch auftreten, daß mit der Pumpe wechselweise unterschiedliche Medien gepumpt werden, so daß beim Pumpen eines neuen Mediums noch Reste von dem alten Medium in der Pumpe vorhanden waren, obwohl möglicherweise zwischenzeitlich ein Spülmedium gepumpt wurde, oder aber dadurch, daß ein Pumpvorgang für längere Zeit unterbrochen wurde und das in der Pumpe bzw. den Zuleitungen noch verbliebene Medium einem Alterungsprozeß unterliegt, beispielsweise durch Kontakt mit Luftsauerstoff oder einfach aufgrund einer inhärenten Unbeständigkeit. Dies gilt beispielsweise im Falle von Lebensmitteln, die in frischem Zustand nur eine geringe Keimzahl enthalten, bei denen sich jedoch die Keimzahl drastisch erhöhen kann, wenn das Medium für längere Zeit bei einer Temperatur oberhalb von 0°C sich selbst überlassen wird.Corresponding centrifugal pumps have long been known in numerous variants. This Pumps are often used for pumping liquids in the chemical industry and also in the food industry. In these applications, it often comes down to one Avoid contamination of the pump medium. Such contamination can result from either occur that different media are pumped alternately, so that when pumping a new medium, residues of the old medium are still present in the pump were, although a flushing medium may have been pumped in the meantime, or else in that a pumping process was interrupted for a long time and that in the pump or Any remaining medium is subject to an aging process, for example through contact with atmospheric oxygen or simply because of an inherent instability. This applies, for example in the case of foods that contain only a small number of bacteria when fresh, which, however, can increase the number of bacteria drastically if the medium is used for a long time Temperature above 0 ° C is left to itself.

Auch wenn eine Kontamination nicht in allen Fällen gefährlich ist oder zu einer nennenswerten Verschlechterung der gepumpten Medien führt, ist es dennoch wünschenswert, eine Kreiselpumpe zu haben, die sehr leicht zu reinigen ist und bei welcher z.B. durch kurzzeitiges Pumpen eines Spülmediums ein zuvor in der Pumpe vorhandenes Pumpmedium vollständig entfernt werden kann, um Kontaminationen von später gepumpten Medien zu vermeiden, wobei auch der Spülvorgang möglichst schnell und einfach und ohne Demontage und ohne Verwendung übermäßiger Mengen von Spülmittel erfolgen soll.Even if contamination is not always dangerous or leads to a significant deterioration pumped media, it is still desirable to use a centrifugal pump which are very easy to clean and which e.g. by briefly pumping a flushing medium a pump medium previously present in the pump can be completely removed in order to Avoid contamination of media that are pumped later, and the rinsing process should also be avoided quick and easy and without disassembly and without using excessive amounts of Detergent should be done.

Herkömmliche Kreiselpumpen können diese Anforderungen nur unter erheblichem technischem Aufwand erfüllen. Lösungsansätze zur Ausgestaltung von Pumpen, die eine einfache und schnelle Reinigung ermöglichen und die deshalb z.B. auch als sogenannte "Sterilpumpen" geeignet sind und somit die im Lebensmittel- und Medizinbereich geforderten Sterilitätsbedingungen erfüllen, sind bekannt aus den deutschen Patentanmeldungen Nr. 100 33 402.4 und 102 00 579.6. Conventional centrifugal pumps can only meet these requirements with considerable technical effort Meet effort. Approaches to design pumps that are simple and quick Enable cleaning and therefore e.g. are also suitable as so-called "sterile pumps" and are therefore known to meet the sterility conditions required in the food and medical fields from German patent applications No. 100 33 402.4 and 102 00 579.6.

Auch wenn bei diesen bekannten Pumpen bereits versucht wurde, den konstruktiven Aufwand so gering wie möglich zu halten und dabei Toträume zu vermeiden und so die Sterilitätsbedingungen zu erfüllen, haben auch diese Pumpen grundsätzlich das Problem, daß die Antriebswelle für eines oder mehrere Laufräder der Pumpe in irgendeiner Weise abgedichtet mit einem Motorantrieb verbunden werden muß. Zwar kann man entsprechende Dichtungen z.B. als Gleitdichtungen ausbilden, was wegen der gegeneinander bewegten Flächen einer Gleitdichtung dazu führt, daß zwischen die Dichtflächen eintretendes Pumpmedium auch sehr schnell und sehr leicht ausgetauscht wird, jedoch ist die Herstellung und Wartung entsprechender Dichtungen relativ aufwendig und sie haben überdies nur eine begrenzte Lebensdauer.Even if attempts have already been made with these known pumps, the design effort is so to be kept as low as possible while avoiding dead spaces and thus the sterility conditions meet, these pumps basically have the problem that the drive shaft for one or several impellers of the pump sealed in any way connected to a motor drive must become. Appropriate seals e.g. train as sliding seals what because of the mutually moving surfaces of a sliding seal leads to the fact that between the Pump medium entering sealing surfaces is also exchanged very quickly and very easily, however the manufacture and maintenance of appropriate seals is relatively expensive and they also have only a limited lifespan.

Gegenüber diesem Stand der Technik liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Kreiselpumpe mit den eingangs genannten Merkmalen zu schaffen, welche noch einfacher und leichter zu reinigen ist und welche daher insbesondere für Sterilanwendungen geeignet ist oder allgemein für Anwendungen, bei welchen ein vereinfachtes Spülen und Reinigen einer Pumpe erwünscht ist.Compared to this prior art, the present invention is based on the object To create a centrifugal pump with the features mentioned above, which is even easier and is easier to clean and which is therefore particularly suitable for sterile applications or in general for applications in which a simplified flushing and cleaning of a pump is desired is.

Gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung wird diese Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß der Laufradantrieb der Pumpe aus mindestens einem Reluktanzmotor besteht, dessen elektrisch kontaktloser Rotor in dem vom Pumpmedium beaufschlagten Volumen des Pumpraumes aufgenommen ist, und dessen Stator an oder in einem den Rotor umgebenden Gehäuseabschnitt der Pumpe angeordnet ist.According to the present invention, this object is achieved in that the impeller drive Pump consists of at least one reluctance motor, the electrically contactless rotor in the volume of the pump chamber acted upon by the pump medium, and its stator is arranged on or in a housing section of the pump surrounding the rotor.

Ein solcher Reluktanzmotor hat gegenüber herkömmlicherweise für Kreiselpumpen verwendeten Antrieben den Vorteil, daß der Rotor weder Permanentmagnete aufweisen muß noch irgendwelche elektrischen Wicklungen enthält, die eine Stromversorgung benötigen. Weiterhin enthalten die Rotoren keinerlei Permanentmagnete.Such a reluctance motor has been used conventionally for centrifugal pumps Drives the advantage that the rotor does not have to have permanent magnets or any contains electrical windings that require a power supply. The rotors also contain no permanent magnets.

Damit erhält man einen Rotor, der z.B. direkt mit einem Laufrad verbunden werden kann und der gemeinsam mit dem Laufrad in dem Pumpraum rotieren kann. Dabei wird unter "Pumpraum" einer Kreiselpumpe der gesamte zwischen einer Einlaßöffnung und einer Auslaßöffnung vorhandene und von dem zu pumpenden Medium beaufschlagte Raum verstanden. Dieser Raum ist insofern begrifflich zu unterscheiden von dem Raum einer Pumpzelle, die innerhalb eines Pumpraumes das Volumen begrenzt, welches ganz oder weitgehend von einem rotierenden Laufrad beaufschlagt wird.This gives you a rotor that e.g. can be directly connected to an impeller and the can rotate together with the impeller in the pump room. Here is one under "pump room" Centrifugal pump the entire existing between an inlet opening and an outlet opening and understood by the space to be pumped medium. In this respect, this space is conceptual to be distinguished from the space of a pumping cell, the volume within a pumping room limited, which is wholly or largely acted upon by a rotating impeller.

Dadurch, daß der Antriebsrotor keinerlei mechanische oder elektrische Verbindung zu anderen Antriebselementen benötigt, benötigt man auch keinerlei Dichtungen für entsprechende Übergänge. Der Rotor kann direkt mit dem angetriebenen Laufrad verbunden werden und beide Teile gemeinsam können in dem Pumpenraum so angeordnet werden, daß ein einfaches Reinigen und Spülen dieser Teile problemlos möglich ist. Because the drive rotor has no mechanical or electrical connection to other drive elements no seals are required for corresponding transitions. The rotor can be connected directly to the driven impeller and both parts together can be arranged in the pump room so that easy cleaning and rinsing of these parts is easily possible.

Dabei ist es besonders zweckmäßig, wenn der Rotor unabhängig von den magnetischen Antriebskräften eine magnetische Lagerung aufweist. Eine solche Lagerung stellt sicher, daß der Rotor im Betrieb der Pumpe nicht mit dem Pumpengehäuse in Berührung tritt, so daß ohne entsprechende Reibung auch höhere Drehzahlen möglich sind. Die Erfindung wäre jedoch auch ohne weiteres mit einem oder mehreren beidseitig offenen Gleitlagern realisierbar, die leicht zu durchspülen und zu reinigen sind, da derartige Lager keine Abdichtfunktion zu haben brauchen. Die magnetische Lagerung wird erst dadurch möglich oder zumindest beträchtlich erleichtert, daß der Rotor des Reluktanzmotors für den Antrieb keine Permanentmagnete enthält, sondern nur weichmagnetisches Material.It is particularly useful if the rotor is independent of the magnetic driving forces has a magnetic bearing. Such storage ensures that the rotor in Operation of the pump does not come into contact with the pump housing, so without appropriate Friction even higher speeds are possible. However, the invention would also be straightforward one or more plain bearings open on both sides can be realized, which are easy to flush and to are clean, since such bearings do not need to have a sealing function. Magnetic storage is only possible or at least considerably facilitated by the fact that the rotor of the reluctance motor contains no permanent magnets for the drive, but only soft magnetic material.

Zweckmäßigerweise ist außerdem der Rotor direkt mit dem Laufrad gekoppelt, so daß auch keinerlei Getriebeelemente vorhanden sind, in welchen sich Teile des Pumpmediums verfangen könnten.Advantageously, the rotor is also coupled directly to the impeller, so that none at all Gear elements are present in which parts of the pump medium could get caught.

In der bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist der Rotor ein Ring, welcher mit einer entsprechenden Antriebswelle verbunden ist, wobei Zwischenräume zwischen radialen Vorsprüngen des Ringes entweder mit nicht magnetischem Material ausgefüllt sind oder aber der Ring insgesamt umhüllt ist, so daß die Zwischenräume abgedeckt sind.In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the rotor is a ring, which with a corresponding Drive shaft is connected, with spaces between radial projections of the Ring are either filled with non-magnetic material or the entire ring is enveloped is so that the gaps are covered.

Die Rotoren von Reluktanzmotoren weisen typischerweise radiale Vorsprünge nach Art der Zähne eines Zahnrades auf, die zu unterschiedlichen Zeitpunkten durch magnetische Induktion von einem jeweils nächstliegenden Polschuh angezogen werden, wobei entsprechend der gewünschten Drehzahl des Rotors eine schnelle Umschaltung zwischen mehreren Polen des Stators stattfindet. Um trotz der hierfür erforderlichen radialen Vorsprünge des Rotors eine möglichst glatte Oberfläche zu erhalten, ist die Ausgestaltung als im wesentlichen glatter Ring mit ausgefüllten Zahnzwischenräumen bzw. einer durchgehenden Umhüllung bevorzugt.The rotors of reluctance motors typically have radial projections in the manner of the teeth of a gear, which at different times by magnetic induction from a each closest pole shoe are tightened, according to the desired speed of the rotor a quick switchover between several poles of the stator takes place. Around despite the radial projections of the rotor required for this, the surface should be as smooth as possible received, the design is an essentially smooth ring with filled interdental spaces or a continuous wrapping is preferred.

Weiterhin sind entlang der Umfangsoberfläche des Rotors, und zwar entlang derjenigen Flächen, die einer inneren Gehäuseoberfläche gegenüberliegen, Auflagenocken vorgesehen, die im Falle eines Rotorstillstandes auf entsprechenden Gehäuseoberflächen aufliegen und die auch im Falle einer Berührung mit dem Gehäuse während der Rotation die Funktion von Gleitelementen übernehmen. In der bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind diese Auflagenocken ringförmig umlaufende Stege, und zwar vorzugsweise an der äußeren Zylindermantelfläche des ringförmigen Rotors und gegebenenfalls auch an einer oder beiden axialen Stirnflächen des Rotors. Zweckmäßigerweise wird das Material dieser Auflaufnocken bzw. -stege so gewählt, daß es eine möglichst geringe Gleitreibung mit der inneren Oberfläche des Pumpraumgehäuses hat. Besonders bevorzugt ist eine Ausführungsform der Erfindung, bei welcher zwei Reluktanzmotoren für den Antrieb vorgesehen sind, wobei jeweils ein Rotor axial vor einem Laufrad oder einer Gruppe hintereinandergeschalteter Laufräder, und ein Rotor hinter dem Laufrad bzw. der Gruppe von hintereinandergeschalteten Laufrädern angeordnet ist. Zweckmäßigerweise befinden sich die Rotoren in der Nähe des Ansaugbereiches und des Ausstoßbereiches der Pumpe. Um möglichst ausgeglichene radiale Kräfte zu haben, so daß die Rotoren und Laufräder im wesentlichen in dem Pumpengehäuse zentriert bleiben und nach Möglichkeit nicht mit dem Pumpengehäuse in Berührung treten, ist es zweckmäßig, wenn die Pumpe als Axialpumpe ausgebildet ist, das heißt als eine Pumpe, bei welcher sowohl der Ansaugbereich bzw. Ansaugstutzen der Pumpe als auch der Ausstoßbereich oder Ausstoßstutzen (Druckstutzen) der Pumpe koaxial zu der gemeinsamen Achse des Rotors bzw. der Rotoren und des Laufrades bzw. der Laufräder angeordnet sind.Furthermore, along the circumferential surface of the rotor, namely along those surfaces that an inner housing surface opposite, support cams provided, which in the case of a Rotor standstill lie on the corresponding housing surfaces and also in the case of a Contact with the housing during the rotation take over the function of sliding elements. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, these support cams are encircling in a ring Web, and preferably on the outer cylindrical surface of the annular rotor and if necessary also on one or both axial end faces of the rotor. Conveniently, the material of these cams or webs is chosen so that it has the lowest possible sliding friction with the inner surface of the pump chamber housing. One embodiment is particularly preferred the invention, in which two reluctance motors are provided for the drive, one rotor each axially in front of an impeller or a group of impellers connected in series, and a rotor behind the impeller or the group of impellers connected in series is arranged. The rotors are expediently located in the vicinity of the suction area and the discharge area of the pump. In order to have as balanced radial forces as possible, so that the rotors and impellers remain substantially centered in the pump housing and if possible do not come into contact with the pump housing, it is advisable if the Pump is designed as an axial pump, that is, as a pump in which both the suction area or suction nozzle of the pump as well as the discharge area or discharge nozzle (discharge nozzle) the pump coaxial to the common axis of the rotor or the rotors and the impeller or the impellers are arranged.

Weiterhin ist eine Ausführungsform der Erfindung bevorzugt, bei welcher mehrere Laufräder in hintereinandergeschalteten Laufradzellen umlaufen.Furthermore, an embodiment of the invention is preferred in which a plurality of impellers are connected in series Rotate the impeller cells.

Der Stator des erfindungsgemäßen Antriebs wird zweckmäßigerweise außerhalb des Pumpraumes angeordnet, wobei eine Vierpolwicklung für den Antrieb des Rotors bevorzugt ist. Zusätzlich kann auch noch eine zwei- oder mehrpolige Wicklung für die radiale magnetische Lagerung des Rotors vorgesehen sein. Weitere Wicklungen können für die axiale magnetische Lagerung des Rotors vorgesehen werden. Diese Wicklungen sind zweckmäßigerweise in dem den Rotor bzw. Rotorring unmittelbar umgebenden Wandbereich des Pumpengehäuses angeordnet. Hierfür können z.B. besondere Aussparungen in der Wand des Pumpengehäuses vorgesehen sein.The stator of the drive according to the invention is expediently located outside the pump chamber arranged, a four-pole winding for driving the rotor is preferred. In addition can also a two- or multi-pole winding for the radial magnetic bearing of the rotor be provided. Additional windings can be provided for the axial magnetic bearing of the rotor become. These windings are expediently in the rotor or rotor ring directly surrounding wall area of the pump housing arranged. For this e.g. special Recesses can be provided in the wall of the pump housing.

In der bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung beträgt das radiale Spiel des Rotors maximal 1 bis 2 mm und das axiale Spiel maximal 0,5 bis 1 mm. Dabei ist zu bedenken, daß aufgrund der zweckmäßigerweise starren und drehfesten Verbindung des Rotors bzw. der Rotornabe mit der Antriebswelle der Laufräder jede radiale und axiale Bewegung des Rotors in gleicher Weise auch auf das bzw. die Laufräder übertragen wird, so daß auch die Laufräder in ihren Laufradzellen, das heißt gegenüber den im Pumpenraum vorgesehenen Trennwänden, welche die einzelnen Pumpzellen bzw. Laufradzellen definieren, ein entsprechendes radiales und axiales Spiel haben müssen. Aus diesem Grunde ist es für eine hohe Effizienz der Pumpe selbstverständlich bevorzugt, wenn das radiale und axiale Spiel möglichst klein gehalten wird, ohne dabei jedoch Gefahr zu laufen, daß es zu häufigen oder gar regelmäßigen Berührungen des Rotors mit den umgebenden Wandbereichen des Pumpengehäuses kommt.In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the radial play of the rotor is at most 1 up to 2 mm and the axial play maximum 0.5 to 1 mm. It should be borne in mind that due to the expediently rigid and rotationally fixed connection of the rotor or the rotor hub to the drive shaft the impellers each radial and axial movement of the rotor in the same way the or the impellers is transmitted so that the impellers in their impeller cells, that is compared to the partitions provided in the pump room, which separate the individual pump cells or define impeller cells, must have a corresponding radial and axial play. Out for this reason it is of course preferred for a high efficiency of the pump if that radial and axial play is kept as small as possible, but without running the risk that it frequent or even regular contact of the rotor with the surrounding wall areas of the pump housing comes.

Die Wicklungen für die magnetische Lagerung sollten selbstverständlich unabhängig von den Statorwicklungen des Reluktanzmotors schaltbar sein, so daß die magnetische Lagerung sowohl bei langsamem Lauf als auch bei Stillstand des Rotors gewährleistet werden kann.The windings for the magnetic bearing should of course be independent of the stator windings the reluctance motor can be switched, so that the magnetic bearing both slow running as well as when the rotor is stopped.

Jegliche Dichtungen, die zwischen einzelnen Bauteilen des Pumpengehäuses oder z.B. auch zwischen einer Nabe des Rotors und der entsprechenden Antriebswelle für die Laufräder vorgesehen sind, sollten nach Möglichkeit zum Pumpraum hin offen und gut zugänglich sein, das heißt weder vor den Dichtungen noch zwischen den Dichtungen und umgebenden Wandbereichen sollten irgendwelchen schmalen, engen Dichtungsspalte verbleiben, in welche das Pumpmedium eindringen könnte und die dann schlecht zu reinigen wären. Stattdessen sollen die Dichtungen zum Pumpraum hin weitgehend offen liegen und die Dichtungsaufnahmen an den Innenwänden der Pumpen sollten so ausgestaltet sein, daß der Übergang von Dichtungsoberfläche zu benachbarter Gehäuseoberfläche immer relativ abrupt und unter einem Winkel von möglichst mehr als 30° erfolgt, so daß auf diese Weise schmale und enge Dichtspalte vermieden werden.Any seals that are between individual components of the pump housing or e.g. also between a hub of the rotor and the corresponding drive shaft for the impellers should, if possible, be open to the pump room and easily accessible, i.e. neither in front of the gaskets between the gaskets and surrounding wall areas narrow, narrow seal gaps remain, into which the pump medium penetrate and which would then be difficult to clean. Instead, the seals to the pump room should be largely open and the seal receptacles on the inside walls of the pumps be designed so that the transition from the sealing surface to the adjacent housing surface always relatively abrupt and at an angle of more than 30 °, so that on this Way narrow and narrow sealing gaps can be avoided.

Wegen weiteren Einzelheiten zur Anordnung und Ausgestaltung der Dichtungen wird auf die oben zitierte DE 102 00 579.6 verwiesen.For further details on the arrangement and design of the seals, see above cited DE 102 00 579.6.

Der Rotor ist zweckmäßigerweise als Speichenrad mit einer Nabe und einer ringförmigen Felge sowie typischerweise drei bis maximal sechs Speichen ausgebildet, welche Nabe und Felge bzw. Felgenring miteinander verbinden, wobei der eigentliche Rotor, der aus weichmagnetischem Material mit zahnartigen radialen Vorsprüngen besteht, sich auf den Ring- bzw. Felgenbereich eines solchen Speichenrades beschränkt. Die Speichen sollten einen Querschnitt haben, der den Durchtritt des Pumpmediums so wenig wie möglich behindert, da sich die Speichen im Ansaugbereich und/oder im Ausstoßbereich des Pumpmediums befinden.The rotor is advantageously as a spoke wheel with a hub and an annular rim as well typically three to a maximum of six spokes formed, which hub and rim or rim ring connect with each other, the actual rotor being made of soft magnetic material with tooth-like radial projections exists on the ring or rim area of such Spoked wheel limited. The spokes should have a cross section that allows the passage of the Pump medium as little as possible, because the spokes in the suction area and / or in Discharge area of the pump medium.

Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Anwendungsmöglichkeiten der vorliegenden Erfindung werden deutlich anhand der folgenden Beschreibung einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform und der dazugehörigen Figur.Further advantages, features and possible uses of the present invention will become apparent clear from the following description of a preferred embodiment and the associated Figure.

Die einzige Figur zeigt einen axialen Längsschnitt durch eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Kreiselpumpe. Die insgesamt mit 10 bezeichnete Kreiselpumpe besteht aus einem mehrteiligen Pumpengehäuse, welches im einzelnen aus einem Saugdeckel 1, einem Druckdeckel 2, einem ersten Motorgehäuse 3, einem zweiten Motorgehäuse 3' sowie aus Pumpzellengehäusen 13 gebildet wird. Vor allem an den Motorgehäuseabschnitten 3 und 3' können zusätzlich Kühlrippen 25 vorgesehen sein. Die einzelnen Gehäuseabschnitte sind über Dichtringe 6 bzw. 7 abgedichtet miteinander verbunden.The single figure shows an axial longitudinal section through a preferred embodiment of the invention Centrifugal pump. The centrifugal pump, designated overall by 10, consists of a multi-part pump housing, which consists in detail of a suction cover 1, a pressure cover 2, a first motor housing 3, a second motor housing 3 'and pump cell housings 13 is formed. Especially on the motor housing sections 3 and 3 'additional cooling fins can 25 may be provided. The individual housing sections are sealed by sealing rings 6 and 7, respectively connected with each other.

Das vorstehend beschriebene Pumpengehäuse definiert so einen Pumpraum 20, der einen Ansaugbereich 26 und einen Ausstoßbereich bzw. Druckbereich 27 umfaßt, wobei der eigentliche Pumpeffekt durch drei hintereinandergeschaltete Laufradzellen erzeugt wird, die durch Trennwände 36 bzw. 35 und Gehäuseabschnitte 13 definiert werden. Der Ansaugstutzen 16 und der Druckstutzen 17 sind koaxial zu der gemeinsamen Achse 18 der Laufräder 4 und der Rotoren 5 angeordnet. Die erste Laufradzelle weist eine die Antriebswelle 19 ringförmig umgebende Einlaßöffnung 29 auf, stößt das Pumpmedium radial nach außen aus, von wo es über Leitbleche 21 in die nächste Laufradzelle geleitet wird, welche ebenfalls eine zentrale, ringförmige Einlaßöffnung aufweist. The pump housing described above thus defines a pump chamber 20, which is a suction area 26 and a discharge area or pressure area 27, the actual pumping effect is generated by three series-connected impeller cells, which are separated by partitions 36 or 35 and housing sections 13 are defined. The intake port 16 and the pressure port 17 are arranged coaxially to the common axis 18 of the impellers 4 and the rotors 5. The first Impeller cell has an inlet opening 29 which surrounds the drive shaft 19 in a ring shape, butting it Pump medium radially outwards, from where it is conducted via guide plates 21 into the next impeller cell which also has a central, annular inlet opening.

Nach Durchlaufen einer dritten Laufradzelle gelangt das Pumpmedium entsprechend den dargestellten Pfeilen in den Ausstoß- bzw. Druckbereich 27 und von dort durch den Druckstutzen 17 nach außen bzw. in eine Druckleitung. Wie man erkennt, durchströmt das Pumpmedium dabei sowohl im Ansaugbereich 26 als auch im Druckbereich 27 die Speichenräder der beiden Rotoren 5 bzw. 5'. In der dargestellten Ausführungsform haben die Speichen 14 der Speichenräder einen kreisförmigen Querschnitt, sie könnten jedoch ebensogut einen länglichen bzw. ovalen oder flachen Querschnitt haben und gegenüber der Achse 18 propellerartig angestellt sein. Die Rotoren 5 sind hier nur sehr schematisch wiedergegeben. Die flachen, ausgesparten Balken 23, 24 repräsentieren weichmagnetische Elemente bzw. Aussparungen zwischen diesen. Die in dem umgebenden Pumpengehäuse 3 dargestellten, flachen, balkenförmigen Elemente 12, 22 repräsentieren den Raum für Statorwicklungen bzw. für Magnetlagerungswicklungen.After passing through a third impeller cell, the pump medium arrives as shown Arrows into the discharge or pressure area 27 and from there through the pressure port 17 outside or in a pressure line. As you can see, the pump medium flows through both in Suction area 26 and in the pressure area 27 the spoke wheels of the two rotors 5 and 5 '. In In the illustrated embodiment, the spokes 14 of the spoke wheels have a circular shape Cross-section, but you might as well have an elongated or oval or flat cross-section have and be propeller-like against the axis 18. The rotors 5 are only very here represented schematically. The flat, recessed bars 23, 24 represent soft magnetic Elements or recesses between them. The in the surrounding pump housing 3 Shown flat, bar-shaped elements 12, 22 represent the space for stator windings or for magnetic bearing windings.

Die radial äußere Umfangsfläche eines Rotors 5 wird durch einen etwas hervorstehenden, umlaufenden Steg 9 gebildet, der auch in zwei oder mehrere schmalere Stege aufgeteilt sein könnte und der als Notlager dient, für den Fall, daß es zu einer Berührung des Rotors 5 mit der Innenwand des umgebenden Gehäuses 3 kommt. Ein ähnlicher Steg 9 ist auch auf der axialen Außenseite der Rotoren 5 bzw. 5' vorgesehen, die ebenfalls entsprechenden Innenflächen des Pumpgehäuses gegenüberliegen, jedoch unter normalen Betriebsbedingungen in einem kleinen, aber im wesentlichen konstanten Abstand in der Größenordnung von 0,5 mm zu diesen Flächen gehalten werden.The radially outer peripheral surface of a rotor 5 is a slightly protruding, rotating Web 9 formed, which could also be divided into two or more narrower webs and which serves as an emergency camp, in the event that there is a contact of the rotor 5 with the inner wall of the surrounding housing 3 comes. A similar web 9 is also on the axial outside of the rotors 5 and 5 'are provided, which also lie opposite corresponding inner surfaces of the pump housing, however, under normal operating conditions in a small but essentially constant distance on the order of 0.5 mm to these surfaces.

Das radiale Spiel der Stege bzw. Nocken 9 an den Rotoren 5 bzw. 5' beträgt maximal 1 bis 2 mm. Ein entsprechendes radiales Spiel haben damit auch die Laufräder bzw. Laufradschaufeln 4, die fest auf einer Welle 19 montiert sind, die ihrerseits fest und starr mit der Nabe 15 des Rotors 5 verbunden ist. Der Rotor 5 und die Laufräder 4 drehen sich daher um eine gemeinsame Achse 18. Die Pumpzellen werden gebildet durch Trennwände 35, 36, welche dazwischen ein von den Laufradschaufeln 4 überstrichenes Volumen einschließen. Zentral um die Welle 19 herum weist die erste Laufradzelle eine ringförmige Ansaugöffnung 29 auf. Das Medium wird durch die Laufradschaufeln 4 radial nach außen in den Druckbereich 39 der betreffenden Laufradzelle geführt und wird von dort über Leitbleche 21 wieder der nächstfolgenden, ringförmigen Ansaugöffnung einer nächsten Laufradzelle zugeführt, etc., bis das Pumpmedium schließlich aus der letzten Laufradzelle in den Druckraum 27 ausgestoßen wird.The radial play of the webs or cams 9 on the rotors 5 and 5 'is a maximum of 1 to 2 mm. The impellers or impeller blades 4, which are fixed, also have a corresponding radial play are mounted on a shaft 19, which in turn is rigidly and rigidly connected to the hub 15 of the rotor 5 is. The rotor 5 and the impellers 4 therefore rotate about a common axis 18 Pump cells are formed by partitions 35, 36, which in between one of the impeller blades Include 4 swept volumes. The first points centrally around the shaft 19 Impeller cell an annular suction opening 29. The medium is through the impeller blades 4th radially outwards into the pressure area 39 of the impeller cell in question and is from there via baffles 21 again the next annular suction opening of a next impeller cell fed, etc., until the pump medium finally from the last impeller cell into the pressure chamber 27 is ejected.

Sowohl das durch den Ansaugstutzen 16 in den Ansaugbereich 20 eintretende Pumpmedium als auch das im Druckbereich 27 und den entsprechenden Druckstutzen 17 austretende Pumpmedium müssen jeweils zwischen den Speichen 14 der Rotoren 5 bzw. 5' hindurchtreten.Both the pump medium entering the intake area 20 through the intake port 16 and also the pump medium emerging in the pressure region 27 and the corresponding pressure connection 17 must pass between the spokes 14 of the rotors 5 and 5 ', respectively.

Der Querschnitt der Speichen ist hier als kreisrunder Querschnitt dargestellt, jedoch kann dieser Querschnitt auch oval oder länglich-flach sein und generell so ausgestaltet werden, daß er dem hindurchströmenden Pumpmedium möglichst wenig Widerstand entgegensetzt oder die Pumpströmung noch unterstützt. Zweckmäßigerweise hat jeder Rotor 5, 5' nur drei oder vier entsprechende Speichen.The cross-section of the spokes is shown here as a circular cross-section, but this can Cross-section also be oval or oblong-flat and are generally designed so that it flows through Pump medium opposes as little resistance as possible or the pump flow still supported. Each rotor 5, 5 'expediently has only three or four corresponding spokes.

Die Laufräder 4 und die Rotoren 5, 5' sind über die Welle 19 fest miteinander verbunden, wobei einzelne Wellenabschnitte jeweils über Dichtungen 8 mit den Naben 15 der Rotoren 5, 5' bzw. den Naben der Laufräder 4 verbunden sind. Diese Dichtungen 8 sind, ebenso wie man es bei den Dichtungen 6 und 7 erkennt, Dichtringe, die mit einem erheblichen Teil ihrer Umfangsfläche zum inneren Pumpraum hin offenliegen und somit gut von dem Pumpmedium überspült werden.The impellers 4 and the rotors 5, 5 'are firmly connected to one another via the shaft 19, individual ones Shaft sections each via seals 8 with the hubs 15 of the rotors 5, 5 'or the hubs the impellers 4 are connected. These seals 8 are, as is the case with the seals 6 and 7 recognizes sealing rings with a significant part of their peripheral surface to the inside The pumping chamber should be exposed and thus be well washed over by the pumping medium.

Die Pumpe ist so aufgebaut, daß sie aus möglichst vielen gleichartigen Teilen besteht. Beispielsweise sind der Saugdeckel 1 und der Druckdeckel 2 identische Bauteile, die lediglich spiegelbildlich zueinander angeordnet sind. Auch die Pumpgehäuseabschnitte 3, 3', die gleichzeitig den Statorbereich der Reluktanzmotoren bilden, sind identisch aufgebaut und lediglich spiegelbildlich zueinander angeordnet. Das gleiche gilt auch für die Rotoren 5 einschließlich der zugehörigen Speichen 14 und Naben 22. Schließlich sind auch die einzelnen Pumpzellengehäuse bzw. Druckdeckel 13 der verschiedenen Pumpzellen identisch ausgebildet, das heißt sie weisen jeweils einen zylindrischen Gehäuseabschnitt 13 und eine sich radial nach innen erstreckende Trennwand 35 auf, die den Saugdeckel der nächstfolgenden Laufradzelle bildet. Auf der Druckseite jeder der Laufradzellen sind entsprechende Leitbleche 21 an der Trennwand 35 vorgesehen. Wie man erkennt, sind bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel zwei identische Laufradzellen mit entsprechenden identischen Gehäuseabschnitten 13 hintereinander angeordnet. Eine dritte Zelle besteht nur noch aus einem Laufrad 4.The pump is designed so that it consists of as many identical parts as possible. For example are the suction cover 1 and the pressure cover 2 identical components, which are only mirror images are arranged to each other. Also the pump housing sections 3, 3 ', which are also the stator area of the reluctance motors are identical and are only mirror images of each other arranged. The same also applies to the rotors 5 including the associated spokes 14 and Hubs 22. Finally, the individual pump cell housings or pressure covers 13 are different Pump cells are of identical design, that is to say they each have a cylindrical housing section 13 and a radially inwardly extending partition 35 on the suction cover the next following impeller cell. There are corresponding ones on the pressure side of each of the impeller cells Baffles 21 provided on the partition 35. As you can see, are shown in the Embodiment two identical impeller cells with corresponding identical housing sections 13 arranged one behind the other. A third cell only consists of an impeller 4.

Die Gehäuseabschnitte 3, 3', welche die Statoren zu den Reluktanzmotoren bilden, weisen außerdem noch Kühlrippen 25 auf.The housing sections 3, 3 ', which form the stators for the reluctance motors, also have still cooling fins 25 on.

Die axiale Anordnung des Saugstutzens 16 und des Druckstutzens 17 führt dazu, daß die Laufräder keine effektive Belastung in einer radialen Richtung erfahren, so daß es einfacher wird, die Rotoren 5, 5' in radialer Richtung magnetisch zu lagern.The axial arrangement of the suction port 16 and the pressure port 17 leads to the impellers do not experience an effective load in a radial direction, so that it becomes easier for the rotors 5, 5 'to be magnetically supported in the radial direction.

Die axiale magnetische Lagerung ist von der radialen Lagerung unabhängig.The axial magnetic bearing is independent of the radial bearing.

Wie man sieht, benötigt die Welle keinerlei Verbindung mehr zu einem außerhalb der Pumpe liegenden Antrieb und es sind keinerlei Gleitdichtungen oder andere Dichtungstypen vorgesehen, an denen sich ein Teil des Pumpmediums festsetzen könnte. Unabhängig hiervon könnten statt einer magnetischen Lagerung auch ein oder zwei stationäre Gleitdichtlager für die Welle 19 vorgesehen werden.As you can see, the shaft no longer needs any connection to one outside the pump Drive and no sliding seals or other seal types are provided some of the pumping medium could get stuck. Regardless of this, instead of one magnetic storage also provided one or two stationary sliding seal bearings for the shaft 19 become.

Claims (17)

Kreiselpumpe (10) mit einem Pumpengehäuse, welches einen Pumpraum (20) umfaßt, der einen Ansaugbereich (26) und einen Ausstoßbereich (27) aufweist, mit mindestens einem Laufrad (4), welches innerhalb des Pumpraumes (20) um eine Laufradachse (18) drehbar gelagert ist, und mit einem Laufradantrieb, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Laufradantrieb aus einem Reluktanzmotor (3, 5) besteht, dessen elektrisch kontaktloser Rotor (5) im Inneren des Pumpraumes (20) magnetisch gelagert ist und dessen Stator an oder in dem den Rotor umgebenden Gehäuseabschnitt (3) der Pumpe (10) angeordnet ist.Centrifugal pump (10) with a pump housing, which comprises a pump chamber (20), which has a suction region (26) and a discharge region (27), with at least one impeller (4), which within the pump chamber (20) about an impeller axis (18 ) is rotatably mounted, and with an impeller drive, characterized in that the impeller drive consists of a reluctance motor (3, 5), the electrically contactless rotor (5) of which is magnetically mounted inside the pump chamber (20) and whose stator is on or in the the rotor surrounding housing section (3) of the pump (10) is arranged. Kreiselpumpe nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Rotor (5) sowohl in radialer als auch in axialer Richtung in dem Pumpraum berührungsfrei magnetisch gelagert ist.Centrifugal pump according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotor (5) is magnetically supported in the pump chamber both in the radial and in the axial direction. Kreiselpumpe nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das mindestens eine Laufrad (4) direkt mit dem Rotor (5) gekoppelt ist.Centrifugal pump according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the at least one impeller (4) is directly coupled to the rotor (5). Kreiselpumpe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Rotor im wesentlichen aus einem glatten und mit einer zentralen Antriebswelle verbundenen Ring besteht, wobei Zwischenräume zwischen radialen Rotorvorsprüngen durch nicht magnetisches Material ausgefüllt oder durch eine Rotorumhüllung abgedeckt sind.Centrifugal pump according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the rotor consists essentially of a smooth ring connected to a central drive shaft, gaps between radial rotor projections being filled with non-magnetic material or covered by a rotor casing. Kreiselpumpe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Rotor auf seinen den Innenwänden des Pumpengehäuses zugewandten Flächen geringfügig über die Rotoroberfläche vorstehende Gleitnocken aufweist.Centrifugal pump according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the rotor on its surfaces facing the inner walls of the pump housing has sliding cams which project slightly above the rotor surface. Kreiselpumpe nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Gleitnocken als ringförmig umlaufende Stege entlang der äußeren Umfangsoberfläche und/oder entlang einer axialen Stirnfläche des Rotors vorgesehen sind.Centrifugal pump according to claim 5, characterized in that the slide cams are provided as annular circumferential webs along the outer circumferential surface and / or along an axial end face of the rotor. Kreiselpumpe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Rotor als Speichenrad ausgebildet ist.Centrifugal pump according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the rotor is designed as a spoke wheel. Kreiselpumpe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwei axial beabstandete Reluktanzmotoren mit je zwei Rotoren vorgesehen sind, die axial jeweils vor und hinter einem Laufrad oder einer Laufradgruppe angeordnet sind.Centrifugal pump according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that two axially spaced reluctance motors are provided, each with two rotors, which are arranged axially in front of and behind an impeller or an impeller group. Kreiselpumpe nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß je ein Rotor im Ansaugbereich und im Auslaßbereich des Pumpenraumes vorgesehen ist. Centrifugal pump according to claim 8, characterized in that a rotor is provided in the suction area and in the outlet area of the pump chamber. Kreiselpumpe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mehrere Laufräder in axial hintereinandergeschalteten Pumpzellen innerhalb des Pumpraumes angeordnet sind.Centrifugal pump according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that a plurality of impellers are arranged in pump cells connected axially one behind the other within the pump chamber. Kreiselpumpe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Reluktanzmotor ein Vierpolmotor ist und von den Polwicklungen unabhängige Wicklungen für eine magnetische Lagerung aufweist.Centrifugal pump according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the reluctance motor is a four-pole motor and has windings for magnetic bearing which are independent of the pole windings. Kreiselpumpe nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wicklungen in dem den bzw. die Rotoren unmittelbar umgebenden Wandbereichen des Pumpengehäuses vorgesehen sind.Centrifugal pump according to Claim 11, characterized in that the windings are provided in the wall regions of the pump housing which immediately surround the rotor or rotors. Kreiselpumpe nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wicklungen in Aussparungen in der Wand des Pumpengehäuses vorgesehen sind.Centrifugal pump according to claim 12, characterized in that the windings are provided in recesses in the wall of the pump housing. Kreiselpumpe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rotoroberfläche oder zumindest die auf der Rotoroberfläche vorgesehenen Gleitnocken aus einem Material bestehen, welches mit der Innenwand des Pumpengehäuses eine geringe Gleitreibung aufweist.Centrifugal pump according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the rotor surface or at least the sliding cams provided on the rotor surface consist of a material which has a low sliding friction with the inner wall of the pump housing. Kreiselpumpe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Rotor in dem Pumpengehäuse ein maximales radiales Spiel von 1 bis 2 mm und ein maximales axiales Spiel von 0,5 bis 1 mm aufweist.Centrifugal pump according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the rotor in the pump housing has a maximum radial play of 1 to 2 mm and a maximum axial play of 0.5 to 1 mm. Kreiselpumpe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Pumpe zum Pumpenraum hin offene und gut zugängliche Dichtungen ohne enge Dichtspalte aufweist.Centrifugal pump according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the pump has open and easily accessible seals without tight sealing gaps towards the pump chamber. Kreiselpumpe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie als Axialpumpe mit einem koaxial angeordneten Pumpeneinlaß und einem ebenfalls koaxial angeordneten Pumpenauslaß ausgebildet ist.Centrifugal pump according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that it is designed as an axial pump with a coaxially arranged pump inlet and a likewise coaxially arranged pump outlet.
EP03005190A 2002-03-21 2003-03-08 Easily cleanable centrifugal pump Expired - Lifetime EP1347178B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10212693 2002-03-21
DE10212693A DE10212693A1 (en) 2002-03-21 2002-03-21 Centrifugal pump easy to clean

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EP1347178A1 true EP1347178A1 (en) 2003-09-24
EP1347178B1 EP1347178B1 (en) 2005-05-11

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AT (1) ATE295479T1 (en)
DE (2) DE10212693A1 (en)
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DE102008038787A1 (en) * 2008-08-13 2010-02-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Fluid energy machine
US8696331B2 (en) 2008-05-06 2014-04-15 Fmc Technologies, Inc. Pump with magnetic bearings

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EP1114648A2 (en) * 1996-06-26 2001-07-11 University Of Pittsburgh Fluid pump
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WO2009137318A1 (en) * 2008-05-06 2009-11-12 Fmc Technologies, Inc. Pump with magnetic bearings
AU2009244607B2 (en) * 2008-05-06 2013-10-17 Fmc Technologies, Inc. Pump with magnetic bearings
US8696331B2 (en) 2008-05-06 2014-04-15 Fmc Technologies, Inc. Pump with magnetic bearings
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DE102008038787A1 (en) * 2008-08-13 2010-02-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Fluid energy machine

Also Published As

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DK1347178T3 (en) 2005-06-06
EP1347178B1 (en) 2005-05-11
DE10212693A1 (en) 2003-10-02
ATE295479T1 (en) 2005-05-15
DE50300523D1 (en) 2005-06-16

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