EP1337453B1 - Endless yarn tensioning strip and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Endless yarn tensioning strip and method for producing the same Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1337453B1
EP1337453B1 EP01993573A EP01993573A EP1337453B1 EP 1337453 B1 EP1337453 B1 EP 1337453B1 EP 01993573 A EP01993573 A EP 01993573A EP 01993573 A EP01993573 A EP 01993573A EP 1337453 B1 EP1337453 B1 EP 1337453B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blank
precipitation hardening
brake band
endless
radial direction
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP01993573A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1337453A1 (en
Inventor
Kurt Arne Gunnar Jacobsson
Per Ohlson
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Iropa AG
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Iropa AG
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/02—Hardening by precipitation
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D47/00—Looms in which bulk supply of weft does not pass through shed, e.g. shuttleless looms, gripper shuttle looms, dummy shuttle looms
    • D03D47/34—Handling the weft between bulk storage and weft-inserting means
    • D03D47/36—Measuring and cutting the weft
    • D03D47/361—Drum-type weft feeding devices
    • D03D47/364—Yarn braking means acting on the drum
    • D03D47/366—Conical
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2404/00—Parts for transporting or guiding the handled material
    • B65H2404/50—Surface of the elements in contact with the forwarded or guided material
    • B65H2404/52—Surface of the elements in contact with the forwarded or guided material other geometrical properties
    • B65H2404/522—Surface of the elements in contact with the forwarded or guided material other geometrical properties details of surface roughness and/or surface treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2601/00—Problem to be solved or advantage achieved
    • B65H2601/10—Ensuring correct operation
    • B65H2601/12—Compensating; Taking-up
    • B65H2601/121—Wear
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/04—Hardening by cooling below 0 degrees Celsius
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips of ferrous alloys
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49995—Shaping one-piece blank by removing material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12361—All metal or with adjacent metals having aperture or cut

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an endless thread brake band according to the preamble of the claim 1 and a method for producing the endless brake band according to claim 2.
  • a thread brake with a truncated cone-shaped, endless brake band this becomes Brake band coaxial with its inner surface against a mostly rounded thread take-off surface for example, a storage body pressed between the inner surface of the brake band and the thread take-off surface, a contact area is created which is called Braking zone is used.
  • the thread is stored in turns on the storage body and is from the windings overhead of the storage body and under the Brake band removed. He passes the contact zone between the brake band and the trigger edge to be braked, or essentially one to get even thread tension.
  • By pulling off the turns a rotational movement of the withdrawn thread, similar to the movement of a Clockwise. During this orbital movement, the brake band is deformed along with it.
  • the thread rubs on the brake band.
  • the storage body and the brake band are in place essentially stationary. That's why the brake band needs flexibility, good Suspension behavior and high wear resistance under the friction load by the respective thread material and also the friction load on the mostly metallic withdrawal surface, with which the brake band forms the braking zone.
  • a truncated cone-shaped endless brake band which consists of a metal or a metal alloy, with beryllium copper as an example is called.
  • Beryllium copper is a material that is exceptional in processing Care is needed.
  • the brake band can be used under certain conditions or wear early and noticeably with certain thread qualities.
  • a brake band which is made of sheet metal in one thickness of 0.1 mm or less and is manufactured by stamping and deep drawing.
  • the brake band is described as flexible.
  • an endless brake band is known, which is either very thin metallic layer is applied to the inside of a Kevlar support cone, or consists of a steel sheet with a thickness of 0.05 to 0.1 mm.
  • the active surface the brake band can be chrome or nickel plated.
  • the brake band In order to function properly, the brake band must be endless, feathery, despite the low level Wall thickness smooth. and be wear-resistant on the active surface.
  • the spring behavior and the wear resistance could be hardened with conventional Steel grades can be achieved.
  • hardened conventional steel is usually not more malleable.
  • the hardening of previously deformed conventional steel has hitherto been the case hardly possible.
  • conventional steel grades harden after forming would also be with such thin wall thicknesses (maximum a few tenths of a millimeter) Form errors of the truncated cone, the necessary flatness of the brake band exclude on the active surface and a homogeneous deformation behavior the brake band can no longer be reached during operation. That’s why such thread brake bands previously made of other metallic materials
  • the invention has for its object a thread brake band of the aforementioned Type and a method for producing such a thread brake band specify with which the requirements for wear resistance, uniform Surface smoothness, uniform suspension and large-scale industrial production are inexpensive to perform.
  • Precipitation hardenable steel is Available inexpensively in the desired thicknesses, easy to machine and easy to harden.
  • the deformability of the precipitation-hardenable stainless steel was used to initially shape the truncated cone Brake band to form on the flat blank, and then the good hardenability with regard to high suspension and good wear resistance on the active surface carried out, which surprisingly shows that the hardening process under Achieve a smooth surface and without the shape of the truncated cone of the thread brake band is feasible despite the thin wall thickness.
  • the flat blank is expediently formed by stamping. Here leaves achieve a high output with sufficient accuracy.
  • the cold soak in the shape of the truncated cone is advantageously carried out by deep drawing in a tool.
  • the curing is carried out in three steps, in one Austenite conditioning step, a subsequent austenite / martensite transformation step and finally a final elimination hardening step.
  • the cold-formed blank is heated to around 955 ° C warmed and then held at this temperature for about ten minutes. After that may the blank cool in air to room temperature. An hour passed is, the cooled cold-formed blank is cooled down to about -73 ° C and for kept at this cooling temperature for eight hours. Then he can get up in the air again Warm room temperature (transformation step). Finally, it will be approx. Heated to 510 ° C, held at this temperature for about 90 minutes and finally in Air cooled to room temperature. This completes the precipitation hardening.
  • the brake band can then further processing steps in the usual manner fed or incorporated into the thread brake.
  • the final pruning can only take place after hardening.
  • a uniform wall thickness is expediently between 0.01 mm to 0.5 mm set.
  • a thickness range from approx. 0.05 mm to approx. 0.3 mm is special for thread brake bands made of this precipitation-hardened steel Cheap.
  • the "left on” is the Manufacturer's anti-corrosion measure understood, e.g. a solution heat treatment with rapid cooling (Mill Annealed, i.e. Solution Heat Treated and Rapid Cooled).
  • An endless brake band B in Fig. 1 has the shape of a truncated cone with a
  • An endless brake band B in Fig. 1 has the shape of a truncated cone with a
  • An endless brake band B in Fig. 1 has the shape of a truncated cone with a smaller diameter di and a large diameter there, a height h in the direction the cone axis X, a bandwidth b in the direction of the generatrix, and one Wall thickness y.
  • the wall thickness y is between about 0.01 mm and 0.5 mm and is in entire brake band B the same.
  • the brake band B consists of a precipitation hardened stainless steel S of the class "Precipitation Hardening Stainless Steel". Good operating behavior is achieved with a wall thickness of 0.08 mm, e.g. with a thread brake band with about 110 mm outside diameter, about 85 mm inside diameter, and a cone angle between approx. 90 ° and 120 °.
  • the inner surface of the brake band B is the active braking surface that is smooth and must be wear-resistant.
  • the band must also be inextensible, but in a radial direction Deformable or springy.
  • a flat sheet M is first turned into an annular flat one Blank Z formed, e.g. by punching out, the inside diameter of which is smaller than the nominal inner diameter di of the brake band and its outer diameter larger is the nominal outside diameter of the brake band B.
  • the flat blank Z is made in a tool W, e.g. by deep drawing, in the shape of the truncated cone or truncated cone-shaped intermediate Z1 brought Since there are inevitable material displacements during deep drawing, the blank Z was dimensioned in the radial direction with oversizes in the deformation step 3 can be used to allow the material to flow. After the deformation, the desired diameters di and there are cut.
  • the blank Z1 is first set to, for example Heated to 955 ° C and held at this temperature for ten minutes. Then can he cool down again in air to room temperature RT.
  • a second austenite / martensite transformation step II which takes place within a Hour after the first step I begins, the blank Z1 is cooled to about -73 ° C. then kept at this temperature for about eight hours before he airborne is able to warm to room temperature again.
  • the blank Z1 is again. heated to about 510 ° C, held at this temperature for 90 minutes before finally it is allowed to cool in air to room temperature RT. Then that's it Brake band B made of precipitation-hardened stainless steel S.
  • Post-processing is not necessary, but can be done on a case-by-case basis.
  • precipitation-hardenable stainless steel of the "Precipitation Hardening Stainless Steel” class contains as main alloy components Chrome and nickel. This steel is in itself intended for manufacture of springs, clips, frame structures in aircraft and pressure tanks. On the wear resistance of this steel does not come about in these areas very much. According to the invention, however, the wear resistance, in particular, is considered to be extreme A welcome side effect of the precipitation-hardenable steel when braking the thread used.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Endlos-Fadenbremsband gemäß Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 sowie ein Verfahren zum Herstellen des Endlos-Bremsbandes gemäß Anspruch 2.The invention relates to an endless thread brake band according to the preamble of the claim 1 and a method for producing the endless brake band according to claim 2.

In einer Fadenbremse mit kegelstumpfförmigern, endlosern Bremsband wird das Bremsband koaxial mit seiner Innenfläche gegen eine meist gerundete Fadenabzugsfläche beispielsweise eines Speicherkörpers angedrückt Zwischen der Innenfläche des Bremsbandes und der Fadenabzugsfläche entsteht ein Kontaktbereich, der als Bremszone genutzt wird. Der Faden ist in Windungen auf dem Speicherkörper bevorratet und wird aus den Windungen überkopf des Speicherkörpers und unter dem Bremsband abgezogen. Dabei passiert er die Berühnmgszone zwischen dem Bremsband und dem Abzugsrand, um gebremst zu werden, bzw. eine im Wesentlichen gleichmäßige Fadenspannung zu erhalten. Durch das Abziehen der Windungen entsteht eine Rotationsbewegung des abgezogenen Fadens, ähnlich der Bewegung eines Uhrzeigers. Bei dieser Umlaufbewegung wird das Bremsband mitwandernd verformt. Der Faden reibt am Bremsband. Der Speicherkörper und das Bremsband stehen im Wesentlichen stationär. Deshalb benötigt das Bremsband Flexibilität, gutes Federungsverhalten und hohe Verschleißfestigkeit unter der Reibbelastung durch das jeweilige Fadenmaterial und auch der Reibbelastung an der meist metallischen Abzugsfläche, mit der zusammen das Bremsband die Bremszone bildet.In a thread brake with a truncated cone-shaped, endless brake band, this becomes Brake band coaxial with its inner surface against a mostly rounded thread take-off surface for example, a storage body pressed between the inner surface of the brake band and the thread take-off surface, a contact area is created which is called Braking zone is used. The thread is stored in turns on the storage body and is from the windings overhead of the storage body and under the Brake band removed. He passes the contact zone between the brake band and the trigger edge to be braked, or essentially one to get even thread tension. By pulling off the turns a rotational movement of the withdrawn thread, similar to the movement of a Clockwise. During this orbital movement, the brake band is deformed along with it. The thread rubs on the brake band. The storage body and the brake band are in place essentially stationary. That's why the brake band needs flexibility, good Suspension behavior and high wear resistance under the friction load by the respective thread material and also the friction load on the mostly metallic withdrawal surface, with which the brake band forms the braking zone.

Aus WO 98/23520 ist ein kegelstumpfförmiges Endlos-Bremsband bekannt, das aus einem Metall oder einer Metalliegierung besteht, wobei als Beispiel Beryllium-Kupfer genannt ist. Beryllium-Kupfer ist ein Werkstoff, der bei der Bearbeitung außerordentlicher Sorgfalt bedarf. Das Bremsband kann unter bestimmten Einsatzbedingungen oder bei bestimmten Fadenqualitäten frühzeitig spürbar und ungleichmäßig verschleißen. From WO 98/23520 a truncated cone-shaped endless brake band is known which consists of a metal or a metal alloy, with beryllium copper as an example is called. Beryllium copper is a material that is exceptional in processing Care is needed. The brake band can be used under certain conditions or wear early and noticeably with certain thread qualities.

Aus US 5 546 994 ist ein Bremsband bekannt, das aus Metallblech in einer Stärke von 0,1 mm oder weniger besteht und durch Stanzen und Tiefziehen hergestellt wird. Das Bremsband wird als flexibel beschrieben.From US 5 546 994 a brake band is known which is made of sheet metal in one thickness of 0.1 mm or less and is manufactured by stamping and deep drawing. The brake band is described as flexible.

Aus US 5 678 779 ist ein Endlos-Bremsband aus einer Metallegierung bekannt.From US 5 678 779 an endless brake band made of a metal alloy is known.

Aus US 5 409 043 ist ein Endlos-Bremsband bekannt, das entweder als sehr dünne metallische Schicht auf die Innenseite eines Kevlar-Trägerkonus aufgebracht ist, oder aus einem Stahlblech in einer Stärke von 0,05 bis 0,1- mm besteht. Die aktive Oberfläche des Bremsbandes kann verchromt oder vernickelt sein.From US 5 409 043 an endless brake band is known, which is either very thin metallic layer is applied to the inside of a Kevlar support cone, or consists of a steel sheet with a thickness of 0.05 to 0.1 mm. The active surface the brake band can be chrome or nickel plated.

Für eine einwandfreie Funktion muss das Bremsband endlos, fedemd, trotz der geringen Wandstärke glatt. und an der aktiven Oberfläche verschleißfest sein. Das Federverhalten und die Verschleißfestigkeit könnten mit gehärtetem konventionellen Stahlsorten erzielt werden. Gehärteter konventioneller Stahl ist aber in der Regel nicht mehr formbar. Umgekehrt ist das Härten zuvor verformten konventionellen Stahls bisher kaum möglich. Bei einer Härtung von konventionellen Stahlsorten nach dem Formen wäre ferner bei so dünnen Wandstärken (maximal wenige Zehntel Millimeter) mit Formfehlem des Kegelstumpfes zu rechnen, die die notwendige Ebenheit des Bremsbandes an der aktiven Oberfläche ausschließen und ein homogenes Verformungsverhalten des Bremsbandes im Betrieb nicht mehr erreichen lassen. Deshalb wurden solche Faden-Bremsbänder bisher aus anderen metallischen Werkstoffen hergestelltIn order to function properly, the brake band must be endless, feathery, despite the low level Wall thickness smooth. and be wear-resistant on the active surface. The spring behavior and the wear resistance could be hardened with conventional Steel grades can be achieved. However, hardened conventional steel is usually not more malleable. Conversely, the hardening of previously deformed conventional steel has hitherto been the case hardly possible. When conventional steel grades harden after forming would also be with such thin wall thicknesses (maximum a few tenths of a millimeter) Form errors of the truncated cone, the necessary flatness of the brake band exclude on the active surface and a homogeneous deformation behavior the brake band can no longer be reached during operation. That’s why such thread brake bands previously made of other metallic materials

Eine aus US 2 218 976 A bekannte. flexible Gam-Führungshütse besteht aus Stahl, wobei zur Verbesserung der Verschleißfestigkeit nur ein freier Endabschnitt der Gam-Führungshülse durch eine Wärmebehandlung mit anschließendem Abschrecken gehärtet istOne known from US 2 218 976 A. flexible Gam guide hat is made of steel, only a free end portion of the Gam guide sleeve to improve wear resistance hardened by heat treatment followed by quenching is

Der Artikel von W.T. LANKFORD. JR. & AL.: "The Making, Shaping and Treating of Steel" 1985, HERBICK & HELD, PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA XP002193211. S. 1335, 1339, 1344, 1345 erörtert die Zusammensetzungen von Stählen mit hohem Cr-Ni-Anteil der Klasse "Precipitation Hardening Stainless Steel" und Verfahrensschritte, die beim Ausscheidungshärten dieser Stahlklassen durchgeführt werden. The article by W.T. Lankford. JR. & AL .: "The Making, Shaping and Treating of Steel "1985, HERBICK & HELD, PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA XP002193211. S. 1335, 1339, 1344, 1345 discusses the compositions of high Cr-Ni steels the class "Precipitation Hardening Stainless Steel" and process steps, which are carried out during the precipitation hardening of these steel classes.

Der Abschnitt ". Beüz, K.H. Grote, Dubbel: "Taschenbuch für den Maschinenbau", 19. Auflage, Springer Verlag, Berlin, 1997, ISBN 3-540-62467-8, E37-E39, beschreibt Siahlhärtungsverfahren für verschiedene Stahlklassen, die Folgen der Härtungsverfahren und einige Einsatzfälle für die gehärteten Stähle.The section ". Beüz, K.H. Grote, Dubbel:" Taschenbuch für den Maschinenbau ", 19. Edition, Springer Verlag, Berlin, 1997, ISBN 3-540-62467-8, E37-E39 Si hardening process for different steel classes, the consequences of the hardening process and some applications for the hardened steels.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Faden-Bremsband der eingangs genannten Art sowie ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines solchen Faden-Bremsbandes anzugeben, mit denen die Anforderungen an Verschleißfestigkeit, gleichmäßige Oberflächenglätte, uniforme Federung und industrieller Großserienproduktion auf kostengünstige Weise zu erfüllen sind.The invention has for its object a thread brake band of the aforementioned Type and a method for producing such a thread brake band specify with which the requirements for wear resistance, uniform Surface smoothness, uniform suspension and large-scale industrial production are inexpensive to perform.

Die gestellte Aufgabe wird mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 und verfahrensgemäß mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 2 gelöst.The object is achieved with the features of claim 1 and according to the method solved with the features of claim 2.

Ausscheidungs-gehärteter rostfreier Stahl mit Chrom und Nickel als Hauptlegierungs bestandteile der Klasse ""Precipitation Hardening Stainless Steel", wie er normalerweise im Flugzeugbau verwendet wird. erfüllt unerwartet genau die Anforderungen, die für ein Bremsband einer Fadenbremse auftreten. D.h., der Stahl lässt sich vor dem Härten bequem verformen, um die Kegelstumpfform des Bremsbandes aus einem flachen Zuschnitt ohne Formfehler formen zu können, und lässt sich dann so härten, dass er die erforderliche Federung, die glatte Oberfläche und vor allem die Verschteißfestigkeit an der aktiven Oberfläche erbringt. Ausscheidungs-härtbarer Stahl ist in den gewünschten Dicken kostengünstig erhältlich, einfach mechanisch zu bearbeiten und bequem zu härten. Verfahrensgemäß wird die Verformbarkeit des ausscheidungs-härtbaren rostfreien Stahls genutzt, um zunächst die Kegelstumpfform des Bremsbandes auf dem flachen Zuschnitt zu bilden, und wird dann die gute Härtbarkeit im Hinblick auf hohe Federung und gute Verschleißfestigkeit an der aktiven Oberfläche durchgeführt, wobei sich erstaunlicherweise zeigt, dass der Härteprozess unter Erzielen einer glatten Oberfläche und ohne Formfehler des Kegelstumpfes des Faden-Bremsbandes trotz der dünnen Wandstärke durchführbar ist.Precipitation-hardened stainless steel with chrome and nickel as the main alloy components of the class "" Precipitation Hardening Stainless Steel ", as is normally used in aircraft construction becomes. unexpectedly exactly meets the requirements for a brake band of a thread brake occur. This means that the steel can be easily deformed before hardening the truncated cone shape of the brake band from a flat To be able to shape the cut without any form errors, and then it can be hardened that it has the necessary suspension, the smooth surface and above all the wear resistance on the active surface. Precipitation hardenable steel is Available inexpensively in the desired thicknesses, easy to machine and easy to harden. According to the process, the deformability of the precipitation-hardenable stainless steel was used to initially shape the truncated cone Brake band to form on the flat blank, and then the good hardenability with regard to high suspension and good wear resistance on the active surface carried out, which surprisingly shows that the hardening process under Achieve a smooth surface and without the shape of the truncated cone of the thread brake band is feasible despite the thin wall thickness.

Der flache Zuschnitt wird zweckmäßigerweise durch Stanzen geformt. Hierbei lässt sich ein hoher Ausstoß mit ausreichender Genauigkeit erzielen. Das Kaltverfonnen in die Gestalt des Kegelstumpfmantels erfolgt zweckmäßigerweise durch Tiefziehen in einem Werkzeug. Die Härtung wird in drei Schritten durchgeführt, und zwar in einem Austenit-Konditionierschritt, einem anschließenden Austenit/Martensit-Transformierungsschritt und schließlich einem abschließenden Ausscheidungs-Härteschritt.The flat blank is expediently formed by stamping. Here leaves achieve a high output with sufficient accuracy. The cold soak in the shape of the truncated cone is advantageously carried out by deep drawing in a tool. The curing is carried out in three steps, in one Austenite conditioning step, a subsequent austenite / martensite transformation step and finally a final elimination hardening step.

Bei dem Austenit-Konditionierschritt wird der kaltverformte Zuschnitt auf rund 955°C erwärmt und dann ca. zehn Minuten auf dieser Temperatur gehalten. Danach darf sich der Zuschnitt in Luft auf Raumtemperatur abkühlen. Ehe eine Stunde verstrichen ist, wird der abgekühlte kaltverformte Zuschnitt bis auf etwa -73°C abgekühlt und für acht Stunden auf dieser Kühltemperatur gehalten. Dann darf er sich in Luft wieder auf Raumtemperatur erwärmen (Transformierungs-Schritt). Abschließend wird er auf ca. 510°C erwärmt, für ca. 90 Minuten auf dieser Temperatur gehalten und schließlich in Luft auf Raumtemperatur abgekühlt. Damit ist die Ausscheidungs-Härtung abgeschlossen. Das Bremsband kann dann in üblicher Weise weiteren Verarbeitungsschritten zugeführt bzw. in die Fadenbremse eingegliedert werden.In the austenite conditioning step, the cold-formed blank is heated to around 955 ° C warmed and then held at this temperature for about ten minutes. After that may the blank cool in air to room temperature. An hour passed is, the cooled cold-formed blank is cooled down to about -73 ° C and for kept at this cooling temperature for eight hours. Then he can get up in the air again Warm room temperature (transformation step). Finally, it will be approx. Heated to 510 ° C, held at this temperature for about 90 minutes and finally in Air cooled to room temperature. This completes the precipitation hardening. The brake band can then further processing steps in the usual manner fed or incorporated into the thread brake.

Im Hinblick auf exakte Maßhaltigkeit und homogene Eigenschaften des Bremsbandes ist es zweckmäßig, den Zuschnitt als flachen Kreisring mit Übermaß in Radialrichtung zu stanzen, und erst nach der Kaltverformung und vor der Härtung auf die Sollmasse zu schneiden. Das Überschussmaterial in radialer Richtung kann zuvor bei dem Reck-Prozess, der mit dem Kaltverformen einhergeht, Materialverlagerungen kompensieren. Durch das anschließende Beschneiden liegen dann bis zu den endgültigen Schneidrändem gleiche Verhältnisse im Faden-Bremsband vor.With regard to exact dimensional accuracy and homogeneous properties of the brake band it is advisable to cut the blank as a flat circular ring with an oversize in the radial direction to punch, and only after cold forming and before hardening to the target mass to cut. The excess material in the radial direction can previously in the stretching process, which is associated with cold forming, compensate for material shift. The subsequent trimming then leads to the final one Cutting edges before the same conditions in the thread brake band.

Alternativ kann die endgültige Beschneidung auch erst nach dem Härten erfolgen.Alternatively, the final pruning can only take place after hardening.

Beim Kaltvertormen wird zweckmäßigerweise eine gleichmäßige Wandstärke zwischen 0,01 mm bis 0,5 mm eingestellt. Ein Dickenbereich von ca. 0,05 mm bis ca. 0,3 mm ist für Fadenbremsbänder aus diesem ausscheidungs-gehärteten Stahl besonders günstig.When cold-forming, a uniform wall thickness is expediently between 0.01 mm to 0.5 mm set. A thickness range from approx. 0.05 mm to approx. 0.3 mm is special for thread brake bands made of this precipitation-hardened steel Cheap.

Damit bei Lagerhaltung, Transport oder dgl. keine die Bearbeitung des Stahles störende Korrosion eintritt, und ggfs. zur besseren Bearbeitbarkeit sollte der Zuschnitt aus einem angelassenen Blech gestanzt werden. Unter "angelassen" wird dabei die herstellerseitige Korrosionsschutzmaßnahme verstanden, so z.B. eine Lösungswärmebehandlung mit rascher Abkühlung (Mill Annealed, d.h. Solution Heat Treated and Rapid Cooled).So that there is no disruption to the processing of the steel during storage, transport or the like Corrosion occurs and, if necessary, the blank should be machined are punched out of a tempered sheet. The "left on" is the Manufacturer's anti-corrosion measure understood, e.g. a solution heat treatment with rapid cooling (Mill Annealed, i.e. Solution Heat Treated and Rapid Cooled).

Anhand der Zeichnung wird die Erfindung erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Perspektivansicht eines Endlos-Bremsbandes für eine Fadenbremse,
Fig. 2
als Vertikalschnitt den Schritt des Anfertigens eines flachen Zuschnitts,
Fig. 3
schematisch die Kaltverformung des flachen Zuschnitts der Fig. 2 in eine Kegelstumpfgestalt mit anschließendem Zuschneiden der endgültigen Dimensionen, und
Fig. 4
einen Vertikalschnitt durch das Bremsband mit Hinweisen auf die durchzuführenden Vergütungs- oder Härtungsschritte.
The invention is explained on the basis of the drawing. Show it:
Fig. 1
1 shows a perspective view of an endless brake band for a thread brake,
Fig. 2
as a vertical section the step of making a flat blank,
Fig. 3
schematically the cold deformation of the flat blank of FIG. 2 in a truncated cone shape with subsequent cutting of the final dimensions, and
Fig. 4
a vertical section through the brake band with references to the tempering or hardening steps to be carried out.

Ein Endlos-Bremsband B in Fig. 1 hat die Form eines Kegelstumpfmantels mit einem Ein Endlos-Bremsband B in Fig. 1 hat die Form eines Kegelstumpfmantels mit einem kleineren Durchmesser di und einem großen Durchmesser da, einer Höhe h in Richtung der Kegelachse X, einer Bandweite b in Richtung der Erzeugenden, und einer Wandstärke y. Die Wandstärke y liegt zwischen etwa 0,01 mm und 0,5 mm und ist im gesamten Bremsband B gleich. Das Bremsband B besteht aus einem ausscheidungsgehärteten rostfreien Stahl S der Klasse "Precipitation Hardening Stainless Steel". Ein gutes Betriebsverhalten wird mit einer Wandstärke von 0.08 mm erzielt, z.B. bei einem Fadenbremsband mit etwa 110 mm Außendurchmesser, etwa 85 mm Innendurchmesser, und einem Kegelspitzwinket zwischen ca. 90° und 120°.An endless brake band B in Fig. 1 has the shape of a truncated cone with a An endless brake band B in Fig. 1 has the shape of a truncated cone with a smaller diameter di and a large diameter there, a height h in the direction the cone axis X, a bandwidth b in the direction of the generatrix, and one Wall thickness y. The wall thickness y is between about 0.01 mm and 0.5 mm and is in entire brake band B the same. The brake band B consists of a precipitation hardened stainless steel S of the class "Precipitation Hardening Stainless Steel". Good operating behavior is achieved with a wall thickness of 0.08 mm, e.g. with a thread brake band with about 110 mm outside diameter, about 85 mm inside diameter, and a cone angle between approx. 90 ° and 120 °.

Die innere Oberfläche des Bremsbandes B ist die aktive Bremsfläche, die glatt und verschleißfest sein muss. Ferner muss das Band undehnbar sein, jedoch in radialer Richtung verformbar bzw. gut federnd.The inner surface of the brake band B is the active braking surface that is smooth and must be wear-resistant. The band must also be inextensible, but in a radial direction Deformable or springy.

Bei der Herstellung des Bremsbandes B von Fig. 1 wird wie folgt vorgegangen.1 is carried out as follows.

Gemäß Fig. 2 wird zunächst aus einem ebenen Blech M ein kreisringförmiger flacher Zuschnitt Z gebildet, z.B. durch Ausstanzen, dessen Innendurchmesser kleiner ist als der Soll-Innendurchmesser di des Bremsbandes und dessen Außendurchmesser größer ist als der Soll-Außendurchmesser da des Bremsbandes B.According to FIG. 2, a flat sheet M is first turned into an annular flat one Blank Z formed, e.g. by punching out, the inside diameter of which is smaller than the nominal inner diameter di of the brake band and its outer diameter larger is the nominal outside diameter of the brake band B.

Gemäß Fig. 3 wird der flache Zuschnitt Z in einem Werkzeug W, z.B. durch Tiefziehen, in die Form des Kegelstumpfes bzw. kegelstumpfförmigen Zwischenproduktes Z1 gebracht Da beim Tiefziehen unvermeidliche Materialverlagerungen auftreten, wurde der Zuschnitt Z in radialer Richtung mit Übermaßen dimensioniert, die im Verformungsschritt in Fig. 3 genutzt werden, um das Fließen des Materials zuzulassen. Nach der Verformung erfolgt ein Zuschneiden auf die Soll-Durchmesser di und da.3, the flat blank Z is made in a tool W, e.g. by deep drawing, in the shape of the truncated cone or truncated cone-shaped intermediate Z1 brought Since there are inevitable material displacements during deep drawing, the blank Z was dimensioned in the radial direction with oversizes in the deformation step 3 can be used to allow the material to flow. After the deformation, the desired diameters di and there are cut.

Der nun bereits die endgültigen Dimensionen aufweisende Zuschnitt Z1 wird nun wie folgt bearbeitet . The blank Z1, which already has the final dimensions, is now like follows processed.

In einem Austenit-Konditionier-Schritt I wird der Zuschnitt Z1 zunächst auf beispielsweise 955°C erhitzt und für zehn Minuten auf dieser Temperatur gehalten. Dann kann er sich in Luft wieder auf Raumtemperatur RT abkühlen.In an austenite conditioning step I, the blank Z1 is first set to, for example Heated to 955 ° C and held at this temperature for ten minutes. Then can he cool down again in air to room temperature RT.

In einem zweiten Austenit/Martensit-Transformierungs-Schritt II, der innerhalb einer Stunde nach dem ersten Schritt I beginnt, wird der Zuschnitt Z1 auf ca. -73°C abgekühlt, dann für ca. acht Stunden auf dieser Temperatur gehalten, ehe er sich in Luft wieder auf Raumtemperatur RT zu erwärmen vermag.In a second austenite / martensite transformation step II, which takes place within a Hour after the first step I begins, the blank Z1 is cooled to about -73 ° C. then kept at this temperature for about eight hours before he airborne is able to warm to room temperature again.

In einem anschließenden Ausscheidungs-Härteschritt III wird der Zuschnitt Z1 erneut. erwärmt, und zwar auf ca. 510°C, für 90 Minuten auf dieser Temperatur gehalten, ehe er sich schließlich in Luft bis auf Raumtemperatur RT abkühlen darf. Dann liegt das Bremsband B aus dem ausscheidungs-gehärteten rostfreien Stahl S vor.In a subsequent precipitation hardening step III, the blank Z1 is again. heated to about 510 ° C, held at this temperature for 90 minutes before finally it is allowed to cool in air to room temperature RT. Then that's it Brake band B made of precipitation-hardened stainless steel S.

Eine Nachbearbeitung ist nicht erforderlich, kann jedoch fallweise vorgenommen werden.Post-processing is not necessary, but can be done on a case-by-case basis.

Neben anderen Zusätzen enthält ausscheidungs-härtbarer rostfreier Stahl der Klasse "Precipitation Hardening Stainless Steel" als Hauptlegierungsbestandteile Chrom und Nickel. Dieser Stahl ist an sich bestimmt zum Herstellen von Federn, Clips, Rahmenstrukturen in Luftfahrzeugen und Drucktanks. Auf die Verschleißfestigkeit dieses Stahls kommt es in diesen Einsatzgebieten nicht so sehr an. Erfindungsgemäß wird hingegen vor allem die Verschleißfestigkeit als äußerst willkommener Nebeneffekt des ausscheidungs-härtbaren Stahls bei der Fadenbremsung genutzt.Among other additives, precipitation-hardenable stainless steel of the "Precipitation Hardening Stainless Steel" class contains as main alloy components Chrome and nickel. This steel is in itself intended for manufacture of springs, clips, frame structures in aircraft and pressure tanks. On the wear resistance of this steel does not come about in these areas very much. According to the invention, however, the wear resistance, in particular, is considered to be extreme A welcome side effect of the precipitation-hardenable steel when braking the thread used.

Claims (8)

  1. Endless braking strip (B) for a yarn brake, the braking strip having the shape of a frustocone coat produced by cold deformation of a flat blank (Z) made from thin metal sheet (M), characterised in that the braking strip (B) consists of precipitation hardened stainless steel (S) of the class "Precipitation Hardening Stainless Steel" containing chromium and nickel as main alloy ingredients.
  2. Method for manufacturing an endless braking strip for a yam brake according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following sequential method steps,
    cutting the endless flat blank (Z) from the sheet metal (M),
    cold forming of the blank (Z) into the shape of a frustocone,
    precipitation hardening of the frustoconical blank (Z1).
  3. Method as in claim 2, characterised by
    stamping the blank (Z),
    deep drawing the stamped blank (Z) into the frustoconical shape, and
    precipitation hardening of the deep drawn blank (Z1) by an austenite conditioning step (I), a subsequent austenite-martensite-transforming step (II) and a final precipitation hardening step (III).
  4. Method as in claim 2, characterised by heating the deep drawn blank (Z1) to slightly below 1000° C, preferably to 955°C, and maintaining this temperature for about ten minutes, and cooling down in ambient air to ambient temperature (RT) during the austenite conditioning step (I),
    cooling the blank (Z1) subsequently within one hour to about -73°C, maintaining this cooling temperature over about eight hours during the austenite-martensite-transforming step (II),
    heating the blank (Z1) in ambient air to ambient temperature,
    and heating the blank to somewhat above 500°C, preferably to 510°C, maintaining this temperature of the blank over about ninety minutes, and cooling down in ambient air to ambient temperature (RT) during the precipitation hardening step (III).
  5. Method as in claim 2, characterised by
    stamping the blank (Z) as a flat annulus with oversize in radial direction and cutting the blank in radial direction to the target dimension (di, da) first after the deep drawing and prior to the precipitation hardening process.
  6. Method as in claim 2, characterised by stamping the blank (Z) as a flat annulus with oversize in radial direction and cutting the blank in radial direction to the target dimension (di, da) first after the precipitation hardening step.
  7. Method as in claim 2, characterised by deep drawing the blank to a uniform wall thickness within a range (y) between 0.01 mm and 0.5 mm, preferably between 0.05 mm and 0.3 mm.
  8. Method as in at least one of claims 2 to 7, characterised by annealing the sheet metal (M) prior to stamping the blank (Z).
EP01993573A 2000-11-08 2001-11-07 Endless yarn tensioning strip and method for producing the same Expired - Lifetime EP1337453B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10055275 2000-11-08
DE10055275A DE10055275A1 (en) 2000-11-08 2000-11-08 Mill annealed process to manufacture stainless steel yarn brake as a truncated cone
PCT/EP2001/012881 WO2002038477A1 (en) 2000-11-08 2001-11-07 Endless yarn tensioning strip and method for producing the same

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1337453A1 EP1337453A1 (en) 2003-08-27
EP1337453B1 true EP1337453B1 (en) 2004-06-09

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EP01993573A Expired - Lifetime EP1337453B1 (en) 2000-11-08 2001-11-07 Endless yarn tensioning strip and method for producing the same

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US (1) US20040026562A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1337453B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1255312C (en)
AU (1) AU2002217004A1 (en)
DE (2) DE10055275A1 (en)
TR (1) TR200401641T4 (en)
WO (1) WO2002038477A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10056485B4 (en) * 2000-11-15 2013-11-28 Iropa Ag Yarn braking ring
EP1536898B1 (en) 2002-09-13 2006-05-31 DaimlerChrysler AG Method for the production of a press-hardened part
CN100431778C (en) * 2006-08-21 2008-11-12 玉环海荣金属制品有限公司 Method for making stainless steel ware
CN100441704C (en) * 2006-12-29 2008-12-10 长安汽车（集团）有限责任公司 Continuous intensification method of 0Cr17Ni7A1 material after timing heat treatment
CN113088669B (en) * 2021-04-01 2022-12-27 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 Method for improving surface hardness of semi-austenite precipitation hardening stainless steel precision strip steel

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US2218976A (en) * 1937-11-05 1940-10-22 Hosiery Patents Inc Knitting machine
EP0534263B1 (en) * 1991-09-20 1997-12-17 L.G.L. ELECTRONICS S.p.A. Self-adjusting thread braking device for weft feeder units
IT1256329B (en) * 1992-11-23 1995-11-30 WIRE FEEDING DEVICE
SE508684C2 (en) * 1993-10-07 1998-10-26 Sandvik Ab Precision-hardened iron alloy with quasi-crystalline structure particles
US5533330A (en) * 1993-12-27 1996-07-09 United Technologies Corporation Ignitor plug guide for a gas turbine engine combustor
US5546994A (en) * 1994-10-14 1996-08-20 Sobrevin Societe De Brevets Industriels-Etablissement Thread storage drum with frustoconical brake strip
US5855844A (en) * 1995-09-25 1999-01-05 Crs Holdings, Inc. High-strength, notch-ductile precipitation-hardening stainless steel alloy and method of making
DK173348B1 (en) * 1996-06-07 2000-08-07 Man B & W Diesel As Exhaust valve for an internal combustion engine
DE19649220A1 (en) * 1996-11-27 1998-05-28 Iro Ab Thread delivery device with a thread brake
US6017274A (en) * 1997-09-02 2000-01-25 Automotive Racing Products, Inc. Method of forming a fastener
IT1320321B1 (en) * 2000-04-28 2003-11-26 Lgl Electronics Spa ANTIBALLOON OR SIMILAR DEVICE TYPICALLY BUT NOT EXCLUSIVELY FOR WEFT FEEDERS IN WEAVING FRAMES, PARTICULARLY

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CN1473131A (en) 2004-02-04
DE50102555D1 (en) 2004-07-15
DE10055275A1 (en) 2002-05-23
US20040026562A1 (en) 2004-02-12
AU2002217004A1 (en) 2002-05-21
WO2002038477A1 (en) 2002-05-16
WO2002038477A9 (en) 2002-09-19
EP1337453A1 (en) 2003-08-27
CN1255312C (en) 2006-05-10
TR200401641T4 (en) 2004-08-23

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