EP1337166A1 - Einrichtung zum schutz von körperteilen vor eindringenden gegenständen sowie schutzoberbekleidung unter verwendung einer solchen schutzeinrichtung - Google Patents
Einrichtung zum schutz von körperteilen vor eindringenden gegenständen sowie schutzoberbekleidung unter verwendung einer solchen schutzeinrichtungInfo
- Publication number
- EP1337166A1 EP1337166A1 EP01981930A EP01981930A EP1337166A1 EP 1337166 A1 EP1337166 A1 EP 1337166A1 EP 01981930 A EP01981930 A EP 01981930A EP 01981930 A EP01981930 A EP 01981930A EP 1337166 A1 EP1337166 A1 EP 1337166A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- protective
- layer
- protection device
- energy
- protective plates
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
- F41H5/02—Plate construction
- F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
- F41H5/0471—Layered armour containing fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers
- F41H5/0478—Fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers in combination with plastics layers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
- A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
- A41D31/24—Resistant to mechanical stress, e.g. pierce-proof
- A41D31/245—Resistant to mechanical stress, e.g. pierce-proof using layered materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
- F41H5/02—Plate construction
- F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
- F41H5/0414—Layered armour containing ceramic material
- F41H5/0428—Ceramic layers in combination with additional layers made of fibres, fabrics or plastics
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
- F41H5/02—Plate construction
- F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
- F41H5/0442—Layered armour containing metal
- F41H5/0457—Metal layers in combination with additional layers made of fibres, fabrics or plastics
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for protecting body parts against penetrating objects, such as e.g. Bullets or fragments, with at least one carrier layer and at least one layer of protective plates arranged next to one another, wherein at least one energy-absorbing layer is arranged in front of a carrier layer as viewed in the direction of impact of the object, and protective outer clothing using such a protective device.
- objects such as e.g. Bullets or fragments
- Bulletproof protective vests should be mentioned in particular as the primary field of application of the protective device according to the invention.
- Usual constructions usually consist of several layers of particularly dense aramid fiber fabric.
- a protective device of the type described is described, for example, in US Pat. No. 4,868,040 A, which comprises a carrier layer and an energy-absorbing layer, protective plates made of ceramic or aluminum being arranged next to one another between the layers. Due to the fact that the protective plates are embedded between the layers, there is insufficient flexibility of the protective device.
- US Pat. No. 5,960,470 A describes a bulletproof protective vest which has a multiplicity of fabric layers which are composed of aramid fibers which are composed of a multiplicity of filaments.
- An improved construction of protective clothing is described in US Pat. No. 6,000,055 A, in which layers of thermoplastic material are arranged between individual fabric or scrim layers.
- Such ballistic protective vests are usually divided into so-called soft ballistic vests and hard ballistic vests depending on the deformability of the protective device.
- Protective devices that are stiff and therefore not deformable fall into the so-called hard ballistic area.
- Such facilities are also relatively heavy.
- Protective devices for the hard ballistics area offer much better protection, especially for harder bullet types with speeds above 500 m / s. So-called.
- Soft ballistic protection devices are flexible and euer also lighter than hard ballistic protection devices. For this, the protective devices for the soft ballistics area only offer protection against bullet types with lower impact speeds. In essence, software
- Ballistic protection vests provide effective protection against handguns, while hard ballistic protection vests also offer protection against long arms.
- the limit for soft floors and specially shaped floors is overlapping here.
- Protective devices for the soft ballistics area are mostly based on a combination of different layers of fabric layers, e.g. Aramid fabrics or polyethylene fibers.
- the protection can be strengthened by specially coated fabrics or steel wire meshes and, in addition to the protection from projectiles, also a certain protection against puncturing with stabbing weapons and needles, e.g. Hypodermic needles.
- US 5 179 244 A describes a protection device against high-speed projectiles, which consists of a plurality of layers of flexible material and a flexible reinforcement plate which is arranged on the inside of the protection device.
- This plate is made of polycarbonate, for example, and absorbs the energy of the penetrating projectile by deformation. This reduces the risk of injury.
- a disadvantage of such protective devices is their stiffness, which only makes limited use possible for protective outerwear.
- the US -5 796 028 A describes a flexible ballistic protection device, which consists of a plurality of layers placed one above the other, such as aramid fabric layers and the like. , having.
- WO 97/38848 AI which consists of several layers', one layer containing fibers made of thermoplastic material, which undergoes a phase change in the heat development caused by the entry of a projectile, whereby the energy originating from the projectile is transmitted through the material is picked up.
- Another layer contains a multitude of embedded bodies, which, due to their geometric shape, cause a deflection of the penetrating object.
- US 5 824 940 A shows a ballistic protection device which contains ceramic material in the form of ⁇ ron with ceramic structures sewn to a carrier layer. The security before puncture injuries is reduced by the gaps between the ceramic plates. In addition, such arrangements are relatively inflexible and relatively complex to manufacture.
- a multilayer protective device is described according to WO 99/37969 AI, which consists of a large number of layers of araid fabric and hard material layers, into which silicon carbide particles have been introduced, which brake the penetrating object by friction ,
- a further embodiment of a protective vest is described in the European patent application EP 0 499 812 AI, which, in addition to a woven or non-woven layer for absorbing the genetic energy of a projectile, contains a layer with a large number of protective bodies on glass or ceramic, which on the outside have a another layer is bridged and covered.
- the protective bodies are, for example, spherical and, according to one example, can be made of aluminum and have a diameter of 9.5 mm.
- FIG. 1 Another embodiment of a protective vest with platelets layered one on top of the other is known, for example, from US Pat. No. 6,035,438 A, the metal plates being enclosed and glued between two fabric layers, for example made of aramid fibers or polyethylene fibers.
- the plates can be made of metal or ceramic and, in addition to protection from bullets, also offer protection from frontal stitches.
- a disadvantage of this embodiment is the relatively complex manufacture and thus the high price associated with it.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a protective device of the type specified above, by means of which a good protective effect against penetrating objects, such as projectiles, can be achieved.
- the present protective device is intended to provide protection for special types of projectiles, such as, for example, conical pointed projectiles, and also to offer protection against stab wounds caused by stabbing weapons and needles.
- optimal flexibility should be guaranteed so that the protective device can be used for full body protection.
- the manufacture of the Protective device should be as simple as possible and the disadvantages of known protective devices should be avoided or at least reduced.
- the object of the invention is achieved in that at least one energy-absorbing layer consists of a three-dimensional matrix based on polynorbones and that the protective plates are connected to the carrier material via the at least one energy-absorbing layer, so that a protective layer which can be bent in one direction is produced.
- a combination of materials offers, on the one hand, optimal protection in the ballistics area and optimal protection against puncture injuries, while there is a high degree of flexibility and thus a high level of comfort.
- the matrix based on polynorbones is characterized by its high energy absorption capacity and corresponding elasticity. Polynorbonen has particularly good properties with regard to energy absorption and, due to its special molecular structure, is highly fillable with a wide variety of fillers, e.g.
- the base layer prevents the object from penetrating by distributing the energy emanating from it as widely as possible. There must be no elasticity which would cause the energy to be absorbed.
- the combination of layers of protective plates arranged next to one another in the support layer and the at least one energy-absorbing layer increases the energy level from which the object penetrates into the material, and thus the protective effect.
- the only one-sided connection of the protective plates to the support layer via the energy-absorbing layer creates a protective layer which can be bent in one direction and which can be adapted accordingly to the respective body parts. As a result, a high degree of flexibility can be achieved despite a very close arrangement of the protective plates next to one another.
- a clamping effect is automatically created, which also contributes to increased safety.
- the protective plates have a substantially rectangular base area and are correspondingly thin, a relatively thin protective device can be created which is better on the body. can be worn by.
- the size of the individual protective plates is selected in accordance with the body area to be protected and can be, for example, for ballistic vests in the order of 50x40 mm with a thickness of 1.5 mm.
- the protective plates are a maximum of 0.2 mm apart.
- the individual protective plates can be arranged to overlap.
- the individual protective plates can be used in various ways, e.g. Glue, be joined together.
- the protective plates can consist of aluminum alloys, preferably of titanium-aluminum alloys or of steel, ceramic, polycarbonate.
- the thickness of the protective plates is chosen according to the materials or requirements selected.
- an energy-absorbing layer can consist of foamed elastomers, preferably of nitrile PVC foam or foamed polyolefins. Such materials show good shock-absorbing properties at low manufacturing and processing costs.
- a carrier layer advantageously consists of fiber or fabric reinforced plastic. These fabrics or felts made of all kinds of fibers with the highest possible strength give the protective device the necessary dimensional stability and cause the energy penetrating objects to be distributed. Aramid fabrics are preferably used as fabrics, which expediently have the highest possible number of wefts for optimum strength. In addition, steel mesh can be used for the carrier layer.
- a further improvement in the protective effect can be achieved in that, viewed in the direction of impact of the object, a plurality of carrier layers, energy-absorbing layers and layers of protective plates which are movably connected to one another are arranged alternately.
- At least one energy-distributing layer and at least one foam layer are arranged behind the last carrier layer.
- a plastic with a hardness of at least 60 Shore A is preferably used as the energy-distributing layer.
- a plastic film made of low density polyethylene is suitable for use as an energy-distributing layer.
- Layer thicknesses of the order of 0.5 mm are common.
- Plastic films made of high density polyethylene (HDPE) are also possible.
- Nitrile PVC foams which have a particularly high energy-absorbing effect are particularly suitable as materials for at least one foam layer.
- energy-absorbing, expanded elastomers are suitable for at least one foam layer.
- foam materials such as polyolefin foams, which have a lower energy-absorbing effect, are also conceivable.
- Combinations of higher energy absorbing foam layers with lower energy absorbing foam layers also show a high re. reduction of the residual energy of the penetrating object and thus excellent protective properties.
- the layers forming the protective device are preferably surrounded by a covering, for example made of textile material.
- the covering can be connected, for example sewn, glued or the like. , become. Detachable connections in the form of Velcro fasteners are also conceivable.
- the protective device in the form of a protective vest such coverings can be formed as part of the protective vest, and the corresponding protective devices can be inserted into insertion pockets of the protective vest and the pockets can then be sewn, welded or releasably closed.
- the object according to the invention is also achieved by protective outer clothing, in particular a protective vest with a protective device described above. Outerwear designed in this way is characterized by a high level of protection against both bullets and pointed objects and, at the same time, high wearing comfort.
- the protective plates are designed in an appropriate size and shape so that the greatest possible wearing comfort can be achieved.
- certain zones, such as the abdomen require greater flexibility of the protective device, while other zones, such as the chest or back, require less flexibility.
- the protective device according to the invention is preferably provided depending on the application for .zusharmlichen protection in addition 'to the ballistic protection, the erfindungsge AEE protective device is viewed in direction of impact of the object upstream of the actual ballistic protection.
- FIG. 1 shows a cross section through a protective device according to a first embodiment
- FIG. 2 is a plan view of the protective device according to FIG. 1,
- Fig. 3 shows a further 'embodiment of a protective device in cross section
- FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the protective device which is expanded compared to FIG.
- the protective plates 4 can have a rectangular basic shape in various sizes. If the space between two protective plates 4 is chosen to be small, for example less than 0.2 mm, a protective device that is flexible in one direction is achieved due to the connection on one side only with the carrier layer 1, as is easily indicated in FIG. 1.
- the protective plates can for example have a size of 50x40 mm with a thickness of 1.5 mm and are made of solid wrought aluminum alloy.
- Alloys such as titanium-aluminum alloys, have particularly high strength values with a low weight.
- the risk of the material fraying when an object penetrates and the subsequent backing layer being cut in is reduced, which increases the risk of injury. This danger exists, for example, when using steel for protective plates, while titanium-aluminum alloys do not show this fraying through penetrating objects.
- a connection matrix is used as the energy-absorbing layer 2, preferably in an energy-absorbing elastomer, the protective plates 4 can be connected to the at least one carrier layer 1. Due to the very small clearance between the protection plate 4 upon penetration of an object in this space is caused a clamping effect can be guided by the the 'protection plates 4 independently from each other.
- the size of the protective plates 4 is adjusted according to the body region to be protected.
- a curvature of the protective plates 4 themselves is also possible for various applications.
- FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of the invention in cross section, two protective layers corresponding to FIG. 1 being arranged one above the other.
- protective plates 4 are arranged on a first carrier layer 1 via an energy-absorbing protective layer 2, and a further carrier layer 1 'and a further layer 3' of protective plates 4 ', which are fastened to the carrier layer 1' via an energy-absorbing layer 2 ', are arranged above them. More than two such layer combinations can also be arranged one above the other. It is essential here that the protective plates 4, 4 'of different layers 3, 3' are mutually displaced, so that the spaces between the protective plates 4 are covered by the protective plates 4 'arranged above them and thus offer absolute protection against puncturing against pointed objects.
- connection between the layers with one another can be made, for example, by gluing or, for example, by connecting elements.
- the carrier layers 1, 1 ', the energy-absorbing layers 2, 2' and the layers 3, 3 ' are preferably arranged in an envelope 8.
- This covering 8 can be formed by textile material, which, depending on the application, can be designed, for example, in the form of a pocket and sewn, glued, welded or by means of a Velcro fastener or the like after the protective device has been inserted. is releasably closed.
- FIG. 4 shows an expanded version compared to the embodiment according to FIG. 3.
- Embodiment of the protective device in which, viewed in the direction of impact of the penetrating object, at least one energy-distributing layer 6 and at least one foam layer 7 are arranged behind the layers 3 and 3 'made of movably connected protective plates 4 and 4' and the energy-absorbing layer 2 and the carrier layer 1 ,
- a plastic with a hardness of at least 60 Shore A, for example an LDPE (Low Density Polyethylene) film is advantageously used for the energy-distributing layer 6.
- Suitable materials for the foam layers 7 are nitrile PVC foams, which have a high energy-absorbing effect. Depending on the application, several such.
- Foam layers 7 may be provided on the side of the protective device facing the body.
- the material layer 5 consisting of the at least one energy-distributing layer 6 and the at least one foam layer 7 serves to reduce the penetration depth of projectiles or the like in the direction of the body by absorbing the energy emanating from the penetrating object in the foam layers 7.
- the layers forming the protective device can be surrounded by a covering, for example made of textile material, and can be stabilized in position by gluing or sewing. This is particularly useful when using protective vests.
- Example 1 The present invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments:
- Example 1 The present invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments:
- Backing layer 1 aramid fabric
- the material used for the energy-absorbing layer 2 Astrosorb ® based on polynorbones has the following properties:
- Such a combination of materials consisting of carrier layer 1, energy-absorbing layer 2 and layer 3 of movably connected protective plates 4, is preferably used in duplicate and in conjunction with 28 further layers of aramid fabric for protection against projectiles on the one hand and puncture injuries on the other hand.
- Example 1 If a structure of a protective device described in Example 1 is fired at, i.e. Two protective layers arranged one above the other, each consisting of a carrier layer 1, an energy-absorbing layer 2 and a protective plate layer 3 together with 28 layers of aramid fabric with a Magnum 44 partial shell with 240 grain and 500 / m / s speed, trauma occurs, i.e. a curvature of the protective device in the direction of the body of 140 mm, which would be fatal.
- Two protective layers arranged one above the other each consisting of a carrier layer 1, an energy-absorbing layer 2 and a protective plate layer 3 together with 28 layers of aramid fabric with a Magnum 44 partial shell with 240 grain and 500 / m / s speed
- An energy-distributing layer '6 0.5 mm low density polyethylene (LDPE)
- Foam layer 7 Consisting of 3 x 3 mm energy-absorbing, expanded Elastomer Memory ® , the trauma was reduced to 28 mm. This would also be acceptable according to the latest guidelines NU (National Institute of Justice).
- the Memory ® foam (based on nitrile PVC foam) has the following properties:
- any other plastic with a hardness of more than 60 Shore A can also be used.
- LDPE low density polyethylene
- a further increase in the protective effect can be achieved by Increasing the number of protective layers can be achieved, whereby the comfort decreases.
- the protective device described above is advantageously arranged in a covering 8, which consists, for example, of textile fabric and, after the protective device has been pushed in, is closed, for example glued, sewn, welded or releasably closed by means of a Velcro fastener.
- the present protective device is characterized by a particularly low weight compared to known protectors.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
- Details Of Garments (AREA)
- Outer Garments And Coats (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT01981930T ATE270827T1 (de) | 2000-11-27 | 2001-10-24 | Einrichtung zum schutz von körperteilen vor eindringenden gegenständen sowie schutzoberbekleidung unter verwendung einer solchen schutzeinrichtung |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT19882000 | 2000-11-27 | ||
AT0198800A AT410142B (de) | 2000-11-27 | 2000-11-27 | Einrichtung zum schutz von körperteilen vor eindringenden gegenständen |
PCT/AT2001/000345 WO2002041719A1 (de) | 2000-11-27 | 2001-10-24 | Einrichtung zum schutz von körperteilen vor eindringenden gegenständen sowie schutzoberbekleidung unter verwendung einer solchen schutzeinrichtung |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1337166A1 true EP1337166A1 (de) | 2003-08-27 |
EP1337166B1 EP1337166B1 (de) | 2004-07-14 |
Family
ID=3689542
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP01981930A Expired - Lifetime EP1337166B1 (de) | 2000-11-27 | 2001-10-24 | Einrichtung zum schutz von körperteilen vor eindringenden gegenständen sowie schutzoberbekleidung unter verwendung einer solchen schutzeinrichtung |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1337166B1 (de) |
AT (2) | AT410142B (de) |
AU (1) | AU2002213632A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE50102874D1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2002041719A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7562612B2 (en) | 2001-07-25 | 2009-07-21 | Aceram Materials & Technologies, Inc. | Ceramic components, ceramic component systems, and ceramic armour systems |
DE10313231B4 (de) * | 2003-03-19 | 2007-10-31 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Hochfeste Flächengebilde für endballistischen Schutz und Verschleißschutz |
CA2483231C (en) | 2004-09-30 | 2011-11-29 | Aceram Technologies Inc. | Ceramic armor system with diamond coating |
DE102005018480B4 (de) * | 2005-03-31 | 2008-05-08 | Klaus Bachmann | Verbundwerkstoff für Schutzbekleidung |
DE102005053594A1 (de) * | 2005-11-10 | 2007-05-16 | Parthy Kai | Selbstklebendes Schutzband |
US8402876B2 (en) * | 2009-10-27 | 2013-03-26 | Edan Administration Services (Ireland) Limited | Ballistic lightweight ceramic armor with cross-pellets |
US9322621B2 (en) * | 2009-10-27 | 2016-04-26 | Edan Administration Services (Ireland) Limited | Armor system |
EP2898286B1 (de) | 2012-09-23 | 2018-01-10 | Edan Administration Services (Ireland) Limited | Panzerungssystem |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3813281A (en) * | 1973-01-30 | 1974-05-28 | Gulf & Western Ind Prod Co | Composite flexible armor |
US3867239A (en) * | 1973-06-11 | 1975-02-18 | Us Army | Body armor construction |
US4868040A (en) * | 1988-10-20 | 1989-09-19 | Canadian Patents & Development Limited | Antiballistic composite armor |
WO1992020520A1 (en) * | 1991-05-24 | 1992-11-26 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Flexible composites having rigid isolated panels and articles fabricated from same |
EP0564249A1 (de) * | 1992-03-30 | 1993-10-06 | Sports Protection Limited | Stossbeständiges und stossabsorbierendes Laminat |
GB9208229D0 (en) * | 1992-04-14 | 1992-05-27 | Patchett Kim | Sheet material |
US5736474A (en) * | 1993-03-25 | 1998-04-07 | Thomas; Howard L. | Multi-structure ballistic material |
US5824940A (en) * | 1997-01-27 | 1998-10-20 | Alfred University | Ceramic bullet-proof fabric |
DE19802242C2 (de) * | 1998-01-22 | 1999-11-11 | Akzo Nobel Nv | Stich- und Kugelschutzkleidung |
US6035438A (en) * | 1999-04-30 | 2000-03-14 | Neal; Murray L. | Method and apparatus for defeating ballistic projectiles |
AT408918B (de) * | 2000-03-14 | 2002-04-25 | Astron Elastomerprodukte Ges M | Mehrschichtmaterial zum schutz von körperteilen |
-
2000
- 2000-11-27 AT AT0198800A patent/AT410142B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2001
- 2001-10-24 WO PCT/AT2001/000345 patent/WO2002041719A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 2001-10-24 AU AU2002213632A patent/AU2002213632A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-10-24 AT AT01981930T patent/ATE270827T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-10-24 EP EP01981930A patent/EP1337166B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-10-24 DE DE50102874T patent/DE50102874D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO0241719A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2002041719A1 (de) | 2002-05-30 |
AT410142B (de) | 2003-02-25 |
AU2002213632A1 (en) | 2002-06-03 |
ATE270827T1 (de) | 2004-07-15 |
DE50102874D1 (de) | 2004-08-19 |
EP1337166B1 (de) | 2004-07-14 |
ATA19882000A (de) | 2002-06-15 |
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