EP1320430A1 - Method for shaping structures comprised of aluminum alloys - Google Patents
Method for shaping structures comprised of aluminum alloysInfo
- Publication number
- EP1320430A1 EP1320430A1 EP01965216A EP01965216A EP1320430A1 EP 1320430 A1 EP1320430 A1 EP 1320430A1 EP 01965216 A EP01965216 A EP 01965216A EP 01965216 A EP01965216 A EP 01965216A EP 1320430 A1 EP1320430 A1 EP 1320430A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- component
- holding device
- contour
- alloys
- reshaped
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/021—Deforming sheet bodies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/053—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure characterised by the material of the blanks
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for forming structures from aluminum alloys, in particular from naturally hard AlMg, naturally hard AlMgSc, and / or hardenable AlMgLi alloys.
- the disadvantage here is that internal stresses arise from the molding process in the material, which are caused by the superimposition of operating loads to cause the structure to fail being able to lead. Furthermore, forming into a structure with a spherical curvature, ie with curvatures along different spatial directions, is difficult and requires appropriately designed machines and dimensionally stable tools. In addition, the structure to be reshaped is usually damaged by attaching clamping jaws on the outer edges, so that these areas have to be removed, for example, by contour milling. This not only leads to a loss of material, but also requires a further processing step, which leads to unnecessary effort and the associated loss of time.
- Lüder lines Surface phenomena, which are also referred to as Lüder lines, and can have a disruptive effect on the material properties.
- the group of AlMg alloys has a planar anisotropy with an r -value minimum in the L direction (rolling direction). This means that the material flow during stretch drawing largely takes place from the sheet thickness and therefore the structure to be formed tends to thin out locally and to premature failure earlier. Furthermore, the reduction in the sheet metal thickness due to the stretching means that it is only possible to achieve a final thickness that conforms to the drawing with uniform degrees of expansion and is therefore difficult to achieve in the case of components with large differences in development.
- a hardening process is also used for forming, which is carried out, for example, under the action of pressure and temperature in an autoclave or oven, and at the same time a hardening effect occurs.
- This so-called “age forming” process is used for hardenable Al alloys of the 2xxx, 6xxx, 7xxx and 8xxx series.
- the structure to be formed is resiliently shaped under the action of pressure or force.
- the structure to be formed is thus first shaped beyond the desired final shape.
- a component to be formed from the alloys according to the invention is elastically shaped under the action of an external force and thereby assumes its desired final shape, and in that the elastically shaped component is then heated to a temperature higher than the temperature required for creep deformation and stress relaxation of the alloy is heated so that the component is formed as far as possible while maintaining its final shape.
- the component is reshaped under the influence of heat without any significant springback and thereby almost maintains the final shape impressed by the elastic shaping.
- the component basically has the same curvature as before the heat treatment.
- the elastic shaping of the component before the heat treatment, the component already taking its desired final shape can be carried out in accordance with a first embodiment in such a way that an external force acts on the component after the component to be shaped has been inserted into a holding device, whereupon the component under elastic Forming hugs the contour of the holding device.
- the external force can be transmitted via a mechanical pressure or stamp device, which presses the component towards the holding device.
- the elastic shaping can take place by the action of an external pressure which is generated, for example, in an evacuated space.
- Component inserted holding device acts an external force such that the component bends elastically in the direction of the holding device, so that a cavity is formed between the component and the holding device. This cavity is then sealed with a sealing material and then evacuated. Due to the resulting negative pressure, the component conforms to the contour of the elastic
- Holding device completely and takes the desired final shape.
- the component is then shaped under the action of heat at temperatures which are above the temperature required for the creep deformation and stress relaxation of the alloy.
- the advantage lies not only in the fact that the contour of the holding device corresponds to the desired final shape of the component to be reshaped, but also in the fact that the shaping is of a purely elastic nature due to the action of the external forces. This means, that the component returns to its original shape when no external forces act on the component. Corrections or reinserting are possible without any problems.
- the elastic shaping of the component by the action of external forces can thus be repeated at any time.
- the heating or cooling rate and the maximum temperature can be adapted to the alloy used or to the desired physical properties within the ranges mentioned.
- the component can be reshaped after the method has been carried out, which is not possible or only possible to a limited extent with the known methods.
- the component 1 is first inserted into the holding device 2 in its unshaped state.
- a cavity 3 is formed between component 1 and holding device 2.
- a force F then acts on the unshaped component 1 from above, that is to say from the holding device 2 on the opposite side of the component 1.
- This force F can be transmitted to component 1, for example, via a stamp or pressure arrangement 4, which is only shown schematically in FIG. 1.
- Other suitable means of exerting this external force are also possible. This can be, for example, the action of an external pressure P within an evacuated space in which the holding device and the component are located.
- a combination of the forces F and P is also possible.
- the cavity 3 between component 1 and holding device 2 is evacuated.
- through holes 6 are arranged in the holding device 2, via which the cavity 3 is connected to a vacuum pump (not shown).
- the evacuation creates a negative pressure p in the cavity, as a result of which the component 1 is pulled further in the direction of the holding device 2 until it lies completely against the contour 2a of the holding device 2, as is shown in FIG. 3.
- the representation of the printing or stamp arrangement has been omitted in FIG. 3.
- the arrangement is in a closed housing 7, which can be an oven, an autoclave or the like.
- the holding device can with sufficient accuracy
- the components to be formed are not only two-dimensional sheets made from the above-mentioned aluminum alloys, but also three-dimensional forms which can be formed into a desired double-curved or spherical shape. This eliminates the time-consuming production of curved parts before the welding process. This was previously necessary because sheets and stringers in the near-net-shape state e.g. were connected by laser welding.
- the method according to the invention also has the advantage that it almost completely compensates for such unevenness, without the need for complicated post-treatment methods or straightening processes.
- there is only a slight loss of material in the method according to the invention since the edge regions on the longitudinal edges at which the stretching force is introduced in the conventional molding method do not have to be separated.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10047491A DE10047491B4 (en) | 2000-09-26 | 2000-09-26 | Method for forming structures from aluminum alloys |
DE10047491 | 2000-09-26 | ||
PCT/EP2001/009821 WO2002026414A1 (en) | 2000-09-26 | 2001-08-25 | Method for shaping structures comprised of aluminum alloys |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1320430A1 true EP1320430A1 (en) | 2003-06-25 |
EP1320430B1 EP1320430B1 (en) | 2004-10-13 |
Family
ID=7657566
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP01965216A Expired - Lifetime EP1320430B1 (en) | 2000-09-26 | 2001-08-25 | Method for shaping structures comprised of aluminum alloys |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7217331B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1320430B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4776866B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1230265C (en) |
CA (1) | CA2423566C (en) |
DE (2) | DE10047491B4 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2228944T3 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2271891C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002026414A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10324366A1 (en) * | 2003-05-27 | 2004-12-16 | Feldbinder & Beckmann Fahrzeugbau Gmbh & Co Kg | Method and device for producing a molded part, and molded part, in particular a container base |
DE102005001829B4 (en) * | 2005-01-14 | 2009-05-07 | Audi Ag | Method for forming a circuit board |
WO2008053273A1 (en) | 2006-10-30 | 2008-05-08 | Arcelormittal France | Coated steel strips, methods of making the same, methods of using the same, stamping blanks prepared from the same, stamped products prepared from the same, and articles of manufacture which contain such a stamped product |
DE102011006032A1 (en) | 2011-03-24 | 2012-09-27 | Airbus Operations Gmbh | Process for producing a structural component and structural component |
US9773077B2 (en) * | 2012-04-09 | 2017-09-26 | Arcelormittal Investigacion Y Desarrollo, S.L. | System and method for prediction of snap-through buckling of formed steel sheet panels |
EP2727665B1 (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2018-06-06 | Airbus Defence and Space GmbH | Method for making a moulded part and use of the method for making a moulded part |
WO2016057688A1 (en) * | 2014-10-07 | 2016-04-14 | The Penn State Research Foundation | Method for reducing springback using electrically-assisted manufacturing |
CN104438481B (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2016-04-06 | 中南大学 | A kind of preparation method of deep camber aluminium alloy integral panel component |
DE102016207172B3 (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2017-08-24 | Premium Aerotec Gmbh | Device and arrangement for forming a curved sheet-like component, and method for producing the device |
CN106862377B (en) * | 2017-03-14 | 2018-12-28 | 中南大学 | A kind of manufacturing process of aluminium alloy plate |
CN106978578B (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2019-01-25 | 中南大学 | A kind of aluminium alloy plate creep age forming method |
DE102017114663A1 (en) | 2017-06-30 | 2019-01-03 | Airbus Operations Gmbh | Method for forming a component |
US20200222967A1 (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2020-07-16 | Embraer S.A. | Methods for producing creep age formed aircraft components |
CN112207522A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-01-12 | 许晨玲 | Flatness control method for large aluminum alloy integral wall plate |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4188811A (en) * | 1978-07-26 | 1980-02-19 | Chem-Tronics, Inc. | Metal forming methods |
US5168169A (en) * | 1991-06-10 | 1992-12-01 | Avco Corporation | Method of tool development |
CA2069189C (en) * | 1991-08-12 | 1998-04-14 | Aerostructures Corporation | Method of developing complex tool shapes |
DE4334940C2 (en) | 1992-10-15 | 1996-10-31 | Max Co Ltd | Impact screw device |
FR2696957B1 (en) * | 1992-10-21 | 1994-11-25 | Snecma | Method for forming parts of titanium-based alloys. |
US5597529A (en) * | 1994-05-25 | 1997-01-28 | Ashurst Technology Corporation (Ireland Limited) | Aluminum-scandium alloys |
DE19504649C1 (en) * | 1995-02-13 | 1996-08-22 | Daimler Benz Ag | Drawing method for stretch-forming of metal panels |
CN1489637A (en) * | 2000-12-21 | 2004-04-14 | �Ƹ��� | Aluminum alloy products and artificial aging method |
-
2000
- 2000-09-26 DE DE10047491A patent/DE10047491B4/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2001
- 2001-08-25 WO PCT/EP2001/009821 patent/WO2002026414A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2001-08-25 CN CNB018155340A patent/CN1230265C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-08-25 JP JP2002530234A patent/JP4776866B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-08-25 RU RU2003112217/02A patent/RU2271891C2/en active
- 2001-08-25 DE DE2001504142 patent/DE50104142D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-08-25 ES ES01965216T patent/ES2228944T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-08-25 US US10/381,476 patent/US7217331B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-08-25 CA CA002423566A patent/CA2423566C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-08-25 EP EP01965216A patent/EP1320430B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO0226414A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE10047491A1 (en) | 2002-04-18 |
DE50104142D1 (en) | 2004-11-18 |
WO2002026414A1 (en) | 2002-04-04 |
JP2004509765A (en) | 2004-04-02 |
CN1230265C (en) | 2005-12-07 |
CA2423566C (en) | 2010-01-05 |
US20040050134A1 (en) | 2004-03-18 |
CN1455711A (en) | 2003-11-12 |
ES2228944T3 (en) | 2005-04-16 |
DE10047491B4 (en) | 2007-04-12 |
EP1320430B1 (en) | 2004-10-13 |
CA2423566A1 (en) | 2003-03-25 |
RU2271891C2 (en) | 2006-03-20 |
JP4776866B2 (en) | 2011-09-21 |
US7217331B2 (en) | 2007-05-15 |
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