EP1300492A1 - Process and installation for the production of a condensed non-woven and device for condensing a non-woven - Google Patents

Process and installation for the production of a condensed non-woven and device for condensing a non-woven Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1300492A1
EP1300492A1 EP02370035A EP02370035A EP1300492A1 EP 1300492 A1 EP1300492 A1 EP 1300492A1 EP 02370035 A EP02370035 A EP 02370035A EP 02370035 A EP02370035 A EP 02370035A EP 1300492 A1 EP1300492 A1 EP 1300492A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nonwoven
cylinder
card
transport surface
transfer member
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Granted
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EP02370035A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1300492B1 (en
Inventor
Michel Collotte
Marc Brabant
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Thibeau SA
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Thibeau SA
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G15/00—Carding machines or accessories; Card clothing; Burr-crushing or removing arrangements associated with carding or other preliminary-treatment machines
    • D01G15/02—Carding machines
    • D01G15/12—Details
    • D01G15/46—Doffing or like arrangements for removing fibres from carding elements; Web-dividing apparatus; Condensers
    • D01G15/465—Doffing arrangements for removing fibres using, or cooperating with, pneumatic means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of production of nonwovens using a carding machine.
  • its main objects are a process and an installation allowing the manufacture of a nonwoven whose fibers have been reoriented and which is commonly known as condensed nonwoven.
  • the invention finds more particularly, but not exclusively, its application to the manufacture of condensed nonwovens based on synthetic fibers (Polypropylene, Polyethylene, etc.), having a high grammage, and typically a grammage greater than 80 g / m 2 .
  • Nonwovens made with a card can be classified into two categories: so-called “parallel” nonwovens (or veils), the fibers of which are essentially oriented parallel to each other to others in the machine direction (carding direction); nonwovens condensed (or scrambled) whose fibers have undergone a reorientation.
  • Parallel nonwovens are in practice nonwovens whose mechanical properties show a very low isotropy, with a very low mechanical resistance of the nonwoven in the transverse direction to machine direction.
  • condensed nonwovens have a mechanically, better isotropy, due to the reorientation of their fibers.
  • these are nonwovens which have a heavier grammage, and which are more resistant mechanically in the transverse direction compared to nonwovens parallel.
  • a condensed nonwoven uses at the output of the card, a comb cylinder juxtaposed to the cylinder principal of the carding machine (still commonly called large drum), and at least one first condensing cylinder juxtaposed with the cylinder comber.
  • the combing cylinder is a cylinder presenting on its periphery a specific gasket whose teeth are oriented in the opposite direction to its direction of rotation, and which has the function of take some of the individual fibers transported by the cylinder principal of the card, and to work these fibers so as to parallelize.
  • the condensing cylinder is also provided on its periphery of a specific lining whose teeth are oriented in the opposite direction to its direction of rotation, and is rotated in the opposite direction to that of the painter, and with a speed significantly lower circumferential.
  • This difference in speeds allows the condenser lining to be loaded with fibers parallel from the comber, said fibers further undergoing a reorientation (or jamming) during their transfer between the two cylinders.
  • This reorientation is explained by the fact that during their transfer the fibers are turned over, being retained at the front by the lining of the condenser cylinder driven at low speed, and being at the opposite rear end driven at higher speed by the trim of the painter cylinder.
  • the condensed nonwoven obtained at the end of the card that is to say obtained at the output of the last condensing cylinder of the card, is then routed by any known means, to a station consolidation which is chosen according to the intended application for the nonwoven (fiber bonding by water jets, calendering, needling, ).
  • a condensed nonwoven is formed by means of two conveyor belts adjacent to the cylinder card doffer, and suction in the transfer area of fibers between the painter cylinder and the conveyor belts.
  • the present invention aims to propose a new method for the production of a condensed nonwoven.
  • this first nonwoven a condensation operation.
  • the speed differential between the transfer cylinder and the second transport surface allows an accumulation of fibers in the transfer zone between these two elements, and thereby a reorientation of the fibers of the first nonwoven.
  • the condensation is not carried out during the formation of the nonwoven, but is carried out at a later stage on a nonwoven already formed and from a card. It was found that this condensation carried out at a later stage on an already formed nonwoven surprisingly provided a rate of condensation higher than that obtained with a traditional solution, without as much to harm the quality of the nonwoven produced.
  • Another subject of the invention is a condensation device of a nonwoven.
  • This device comprises a first and a second transport surfaces, and a rotary transfer member, which operation allows a nonwoven to be transferred from the first to the second transport surface; in operation, the speed linear of the second transport surface is less than the speed circumferential of the transfer member.
  • the invention also relates to an installation for the production of a condensed nonwoven, which installation comprises a card making it possible to produce at least one first nonwoven and aforementioned condensing device.
  • the card and the device condensation are arranged so that said first nonwoven produced by the card is deposited at the card outlet on the first transport surface of the condensing device.
  • FIG. 1 An installation according to a preferred variant embodiment of the invention, which allows the production of a condensed nonwoven, referenced W3 in FIG. 2.
  • This installation includes a card 1 with two upper outputs and lower, and a device 2 which, with reference to FIG. 2, makes it possible to forming the condensed nonwoven (W3) from a first nonwoven web (W1) from the upper outlet of card 1, and from a second web nonwoven (W2) from the lower outlet of card 1.
  • Card 1 is a traditional and perfectly known card in the field of manufacturing nonwovens from fibers synthetic. For the sake of simplification, only the main elements of this card 1, necessary for understanding the invention, have have been represented, the other known elements of the card, and in particular the working rollers on the periphery of the main drum, as well as the input device for feeding the main drum, not been represented.
  • this card 1 comprises a main drum 10. In the upper part and at the periphery of this main drum is mounted an upper comb cylinder 11a, followed two condensing cylinders 12a and 13a and a detaching device 14a. The upper cylinder 11a, the two condenser cylinders 12a and 13a and the detaching device 14a form the upper outlet of the card 1.
  • the painter cylinder upper 11a collects in its lining part of the fibers at the periphery of the main drum 10, and performs an operation of fiber parallelization.
  • the first cylinder condenser 12a is driven at a clearly circumferential speed lower than the circumferential speed of the upper comb cylinder 11a, so that condensation (or interference) occurs parallel fibers from the comb cylinder 11a, during their transfer to the lining of the condenser cylinder 12a.
  • the second condenser cylinder 13a is driven with a circumferential speed lower than that of the first cylinder condenser 12a, which increases the condensation of fibers.
  • this first nonwoven is routed to the periphery of the second condenser cylinder 13a up to a detaching device 14a.
  • This detaching device 14a makes it possible to deposit the first nonwoven from the upper outlet of card 1 on a conveyor belt (B), the upper strand of which forms a transport surface (S1), which is driven at a linear speed predetermined constant (V1).
  • V1 linear speed predetermined constant
  • this detaching device 14a has already been described in the application for European patent EP-A-0704561, publication to which the man of the trade may refer for a detailed understanding of the structure and operation of this detaching device.
  • this detaching device 14a comprises a detaching cylinder 15a which has an isosceles lining on its periphery or equivalent, and which has the function of taking back the first nonwoven condensed on the periphery of the second condenser cylinder 14a.
  • the conveyor belt B is breathable, and the detaching device comprises a suction box 16a or all other equivalent suction means, which in operation allows to press the first nonwoven by suction against the surface of the conveyor belt B, at least in the transition zone between the detaching cylinder 15a and the conveyor belt B.
  • Card 1 has a lower outlet, which is identical from a structural point of view, at the upper exit previously described.
  • This lower outlet consists of a comb cylinder lower 11b, of two successive condenser cylinders 12b and 13b and a detaching device 14b, which allows the nonwoven to be taken up condensed at the periphery condenser cylinder 13b and deposit said nonwoven condensed on a conveyor belt B '.
  • the upper strand of the conveyor belt B ' forms a transport surface S2, and is driven with a predetermined constant linear speed V2.
  • two sails are thus produced in parallel non-woven: the first non-woven web W1 previously described, and a second non-woven veil, which comes from the lower outlet of the card 1 and which is referenced W2 in FIG. 2.
  • the condenser device 2 of the invention comprises, in addition to the two transport surfaces S1 and S2 previously described, a member rotary transfer 20.
  • this transfer member comprises a rotary cylinder 21 smooth.
  • smooth cylinder is meant a cylinder having no lining on its periphery, as opposed to the other cylinders of the card 1, and in particular to the main drum 10, to the cylinders comb 11a, 11b and the condenser cylinders 12a, 13a, 12b, and 13b.
  • the cylinder 21 is a perforated cylinder, inside from which a suction sector A is mounted.
  • This suction sector A is preferably adjustable, and in operation of the device, this suction sector A, after having been adjusted in position, is fixed.
  • a tube 22 which once adjusted in position is fixed when the cylinder 21 is rotated, and which is provided with a slot longitudinal 23.
  • On the outer face of this tube 22 are fixed two walls 24 delimiting the suction sector A.
  • the interior of the tube 22 is placed under vacuum, being connected by example to a fan, so that we create in sector A a suction allowing the entry of an air flow from the outside towards the inside of the cylinder 21, in a region limited to the sector suction A.
  • the cylinder 21 is mounted so as to be adjacent to the roller downstream end 25, used for driving the strip conveyor B. Also, this cylinder 21 is positioned so that it is placed above and near the surface of transport S2.
  • card 1 produces in parallel two condensed nonwovens W1 and W2 respectively on its upper and lower outputs.
  • the first nonwoven condensed W1 comes from the upper output of card 1, and is deposited on the transport surface S1 upstream of the cylinder transfer 21;
  • the second nonwoven W2 comes from the lower outlet of card 1 and is deposited on the transport surface S2 upstream of the transfer cylinder 21 of card 1.
  • These two nonwovens W1 and W2 are routed in parallel respectively by the surfaces of transport S1 and S2 to the transfer cylinder 21.
  • the cylinder 21 is rotated with a circumferential speed (VT) [linear speed of the external surface of cylinder 21] which is equal to or very slightly greater than the speed linear (V1) of the transport surface S1, so that the cylinder 21 incorporates on its periphery the first condensed nonwoven W1, without destroying the structure of this nonwoven, and subjecting it to a very low stretch, and routes it to the second transport surface S2.
  • VT circumferential speed
  • V1 speed linear
  • the suction sector A of the cylinder 21 is positioned so as to allow this first nonwoven to be maintained under the suction effect against the surface of the cylinder 21, during its transfer between the first transport surface S1 and the second transport surface S2.
  • the linear speed V2 of the second surface transport S2 is significantly lower than the circumferential speed (VT) of cylinder 20 and therefore at the linear speed of the first transport surface S1, so that it mainly occurs condensation (or scrambling) of the fibers of the first nonwoven W1, during its transfer between the cylinder 21 and the conveyor surface S2. More specifically, when the fibers of the nonwoven W1 arrive in the transition zone between the cylinder 21 and the transport surface S2, from made of the lowest speed of this transport surface S2, said fibers are suddenly slowed down and accumulate in this area of transition.
  • VT circumferential speed
  • a condensed nonwoven W3 is thus obtained of greater thickness, formed by superposition of the nonwoven lower W2 with fibers from the nonwoven W1 which have been strongly reoriented.
  • the weight of this W3 nonwoven is greater than the sum of the weights of nonwoven W1 and W2.
  • the condensation device 2 comprises a suction box 26, or equivalent, which in operation allows to create across the transport surface S2, at least in the area of transition between cylinder 21 and transport surface S2, a flow suction, which preferably extends over the entire width of this transport surface S2, which allows the fibers to be plated transported against the conveyor surface S2.
  • the weight of the nonwoven W3 obtained at the output of the device condenser 2 of Figures 1 or 2 depends on the weight of the two nonwovens W1 and W2 from the upper and lower outlets of card 1, but also and above all the speed differential between the transport surface S2 and the circumferential speed of the cylinder 21.
  • figure 1 was used to form a nonwoven composite based on polypropylene fibers, having a average titration of 2.2 dtex and an average length of 38 mm.
  • the circumferential speed of the upper comb cylinder 11a was of the order of 230 m / minute; the circumferential speeds of the two condenser cylinders 12a and 13a were respectively of the order of 120 m / minute and 70 m / minute.
  • the circumferential speed of the detaching cylinder 15a was of the order of 140 m / minute.
  • the linear speed (V1) of the transport surface S1 was of the order of 145 m / minute.
  • the first nonwoven W1 (before being taken up by the cylinder 21) had a weight of the order of 20 g / m 2 .
  • the lower comb cylinder 11b was driven at a circumferential speed of about 125 m / minute.
  • the two condenser cylinders 12b and 13b were driven respectively with circumferential speeds of 65 m / minute and 38 m / minute.
  • the detaching cylinder 14b was driven with a circumferential speed of the order of 48 m / minute.
  • the transport surface S2 was driven with a linear speed V2 of the order of 50 m / minute.
  • the weight of the nonwoven W2 was of the order of 43 g / m 2 .
  • the transfer cylinder 20 was driven with a circumferential speed (VT) of the order of 150 m / minute, or a ratio (VT / V2) of the supply of 3.
  • the weight of the nonwoven W3, at the outlet of the condensing device 2 was of the order of 103 g / m 2 .
  • the circumferential speed of the upper comb cylinder 11a was of the order of 246 m / minute; the circumferential speeds of the two condenser cylinders 12a and 13a were respectively of the order of 128 m / minute and 75 m / minute.
  • the circumferential speed of the detaching cylinder 15a was of the order of 150 m / minute.
  • the linear speed (V1) of the transport surface S1 was of the order of 155 m / minute.
  • the first nonwoven W1 (before being taken up by the cylinder 21) had a weight of the order of 20 g / m 2 .
  • the lower comb cylinder 11b was driven at a circumferential speed of the order of 100 m / minute.
  • the two condenser cylinders 12b and 13b were driven respectively with circumferential speeds of 52 m / minute and 30 m / minute.
  • the detaching cylinder 14b was driven with a circumferential speed of the order of 38 m / minute.
  • the transport surface S2 was driven with a linear speed V2 of the order of 40 m / minute.
  • the weight of the nonwoven W2 was of the order of 50 g / m 2 .
  • the transfer cylinder 20 was driven with a circumferential speed (VT) of the order of 160 m / minute, or a ratio (VT / V2) of the supply of 4.
  • the weight of the nonwoven W3, at the outlet of the condensing device 2 was of the order of 130 g / m 2 .
  • the circumferential speed of the upper comb cylinder 11a was of the order of 161 m / minute; the circumferential speeds of the two condenser cylinders 12a and 13a were respectively of the order of 84 m / minute and 49 m / minute.
  • the circumferential speed of the detaching cylinder 15a was of the order of 98 m / minute.
  • the linear speed (V1) of the transport surface S1 was of the order of 101 m / minute.
  • the first nonwoven W1 (before being taken up by the cylinder 21) had a weight of the order of 20 g / m 2 .
  • the lower comb cylinder 11b was driven at a circumferential speed of the order of 50 m / minute.
  • the two condenser cylinders 12b and 13b were driven respectively with circumferential speeds of 26 m / minute and 15 m / minute.
  • the detaching cylinder 14b was driven with a circumferential speed of the order of 19 m / minute.
  • the transport surface S2 was driven with a linear speed V2 of the order of 20 m / minute.
  • the weight of the nonwoven W2 was of the order of 55 g / m 2 .
  • the transfer cylinder 20 was driven with a circumferential speed (VT) of the order of 105 m / minute, or a ratio (VT / V2) of the offer of 5.25.
  • the weight of the nonwoven W3, at the outlet of the condensation device 2 was of the order of 160 g / m 2 .
  • the invention is not limited to the particular example of embodiment which has just been described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the transport surface S2 is flat, at least in the transition zone between the cylinder 21 and the said transport surface.
  • a transport surface could be used S2 curve.
  • the rotary transfer member 20 is not necessarily a cylinder, but may be replaced by any means fulfilling the same transfer function; it can in particular be a roller driven by a conveyor belt.
  • the organ of transfer 20 is suction. Indeed, by removing the aspiration (sector suction A), or with too low suction, it was found in many cases that faults appeared quickly in the structure of the nonwoven produced. In practice, we will adjust the flow of air sucked in sector A by increasing it until the disappearance of defects in the structure of the nonwoven.
  • the invention is not limited to the formation of a nonwoven from two sails. They can advantageously be used also to make a condensed nonwoven from a single nonwoven W1. In this case, the transport surface S2 does not transport no veil upstream of the transfer cylinder 21.
  • suction box 26 implemented at the transition zone between the transfer member 20 and the surface of transport S2 is optional, in particular in the case of a single nonwoven W1. This suction improves the blocking one by compared to the other of the two nonwoven webs W1 and W2 during their overlay.
  • the invention is not limited to the production of a nonwoven higher weight W3 from a single nonwoven (W1), or several (W1, W2) condensed nonwovens.
  • the veil nonwoven W1 could be a parallel veil coming directly from a comb cylinder, and not having been previously condensed by condensing cylinders. The same is true of the W2 veil.
  • the invention mainly finds its interest in the production of heavy nonwovens (weight greater than 80 g / m 2 ), because it allows high speed ratios between the transport surface (S2) and the transfer organ 20, and thereby obtaining significant condensation rates, without affecting the quality of the nonwoven produced.
  • the ratio (VT / V2), between the circumferential speed (VT) of the rotary transfer member and the linear speed (V2) of the second transport surface (S2 ) is greater than 2, and preferably greater than or equal to 3. This speed ratio is fixed on a case-by-case basis as a function of the desired condensation rate.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Abstract

A primary non-woven web (W1) from a carding machine is transported by a primary belt conveyor (S1) to a rotary cylinder (21). The primary non-woven web is switched to a secondary belt conveyor (S2) by the rotary cylinder. Linear speed of the secondary conveyor is slower than circumferential speed of the rotary cylinder. <??>Independent claims are also included for the following: <??>(1) a condensing device for non-woven web; and <??>(2) a production installation for producing condensed non-woven web.

Description

La présente invention concerne le domaine de la production de non-tissés au moyen d'une carde. Dans ce domaine, elle a pour principaux objets un procédé et une installation permettant la fabrication d'un non-tissé dont les fibres ont été réorientées et qui est communément désigné non-tissé condensé. L'invention trouve plus particulièrement, mais non exclusivement, son application à la fabrication de non-tissés condensés à base de fibres synthétiques (Polypropylène, Polyéthylène, etc.), présentant un grammage élevé, et typiquement un grammage supérieur à 80g/m2.The present invention relates to the field of production of nonwovens using a carding machine. In this field, its main objects are a process and an installation allowing the manufacture of a nonwoven whose fibers have been reoriented and which is commonly known as condensed nonwoven. The invention finds more particularly, but not exclusively, its application to the manufacture of condensed nonwovens based on synthetic fibers (Polypropylene, Polyethylene, etc.), having a high grammage, and typically a grammage greater than 80 g / m 2 .

Les non-tissés fabriqués au moyen d'une carde peuvent être classés en deux catégories : les non-tissés (ou voiles) dits « parallèles », dont les fibres sont essentiellement orientées parallèlement les unes aux autres dans le sens machine (sens de cardage) ; les non-tissés condensés (ou brouillés) dont les fibres ont subi une réorientation.Nonwovens made with a card can be classified into two categories: so-called “parallel” nonwovens (or veils), the fibers of which are essentially oriented parallel to each other to others in the machine direction (carding direction); nonwovens condensed (or scrambled) whose fibers have undergone a reorientation.

Les non-tissés parallèles sont en pratique des non-tissés dont les propriétés mécaniques présentent une très faible isotropie, avec une résistance mécanique très faible du non-tissé dans le sens transverse au sens machine. Les non-tissés condensés présentent en revanche, d'un point de vue mécanique, une meilleure isotropie, du fait de la réorientation de leurs fibres. En pratique, il s'agit de non-tissés qui présentent un grammage plus important, et qui sont plus résistants mécaniquement dans le sens transverse comparativement aux non-tissés parallèles.Parallel nonwovens are in practice nonwovens whose mechanical properties show a very low isotropy, with a very low mechanical resistance of the nonwoven in the transverse direction to machine direction. On the other hand, condensed nonwovens have a mechanically, better isotropy, due to the reorientation of their fibers. In practice, these are nonwovens which have a heavier grammage, and which are more resistant mechanically in the transverse direction compared to nonwovens parallel.

Traditionnellement, pour fabriquer un non-tissé condensé, on utilise en sortie de carde, un cylindre peigneur juxtaposé au cylindre principal de la carde (encore communément appelé grand tambour), et au moins un premier cylindre condenseur juxtaposé au cylindre peigneur. Le cylindre peigneur est un cylindre présentant sur sa périphérie une garniture spécifique dont les dents sont orientées dans le sens opposé à son sens de rotation, et qui a pour fonction de prélever une partie des fibres individuelles transportées par le cylindre principal de la carde, et de travailler ces fibres en sorte de les paralléliser. Le cylindre condenseur est également muni sur sa périphérie d'une garniture spécifique dont les dents sont orientées dans le sens opposé à son sens de rotation, et est entraíné en rotation dans le sens opposé à celui du peigneur, et avec une vitesse circonférentielle nettement plus faible. Cette différence de vitesses permet un chargement de la garniture du condenseur avec les fibres parallèles issues du peigneur, lesdites fibres subissant en outre une réorientation (ou brouillage) lors de leur transfert entre les deux cylindres. Cette réorientation s'explique par le fait que lors de leur transfert les fibres sont retournées, en étant retenues en partie avant par la garniture du cylindre condenseur entraínée à faible vitesse, et en étant à l'opposée en partie arrière entraínées à vitesse plus élevée par la garniture du cylindre peigneur. Pour augmenter le grammage du non-tissé condensé, on peut prévoir un deuxième cylindre condenseur juxtaposé au premier cylindre condenseur, et entraíné avec une vitesse plus faible.Traditionally, to make a condensed nonwoven, uses at the output of the card, a comb cylinder juxtaposed to the cylinder principal of the carding machine (still commonly called large drum), and at least one first condensing cylinder juxtaposed with the cylinder comber. The combing cylinder is a cylinder presenting on its periphery a specific gasket whose teeth are oriented in the opposite direction to its direction of rotation, and which has the function of take some of the individual fibers transported by the cylinder principal of the card, and to work these fibers so as to parallelize. The condensing cylinder is also provided on its periphery of a specific lining whose teeth are oriented in the opposite direction to its direction of rotation, and is rotated in the opposite direction to that of the painter, and with a speed significantly lower circumferential. This difference in speeds allows the condenser lining to be loaded with fibers parallel from the comber, said fibers further undergoing a reorientation (or jamming) during their transfer between the two cylinders. This reorientation is explained by the fact that during their transfer the fibers are turned over, being retained at the front by the lining of the condenser cylinder driven at low speed, and being at the opposite rear end driven at higher speed by the trim of the painter cylinder. To increase the grammage condensed nonwoven, we can provide a second cylinder condenser juxtaposed with the first condenser cylinder, and driven with a lower speed.

Le non-tissé condensé obtenu en sortie de carde, c'est-à-dire obtenu en sortie du dernier cylindre condenseur de la carde, est ensuite acheminé par tout moyen connu, jusqu'à une station de consolidation qui est choisie en fonction de l'application visée pour le non-tissé (liage des fibres par jets d'eau, calandrage, aiguilletage, ...).The condensed nonwoven obtained at the end of the card, that is to say obtained at the output of the last condensing cylinder of the card, is then routed by any known means, to a station consolidation which is chosen according to the intended application for the nonwoven (fiber bonding by water jets, calendering, needling, ...).

La différence de vitesses entre le cylindre condenseur et le cylindre précédent conditionne directement le poids du non-tissé obtenu. Cependant, on constate en pratique que ce différentiel de vitesses ne peut pas être trop important, car au delà d'une certaine limite on crée dans le non-tissé des ondulations lors de son passage d'une garniture de cylindre à l'autre, ce qui détériore la qualité du non-tissé condensé produit en sortie de carde. Cette limitation se traduit par une limitation sur le grammage du non-tissé produit. Typiquement, en optimisant les cylindres peigneurs et condenseurs de la carde, on arrive à obtenir des non-tissés condensés à base de fibres synthétiques, de type polypropylène, présentant au maximum un grammage compris 60g/m2 et 80g/m2.The speed difference between the condensing cylinder and the preceding cylinder directly conditions the weight of the nonwoven obtained. However, it can be seen in practice that this speed differential cannot be too great, because beyond a certain limit, undulations are created in the nonwoven during its passage from one cylinder lining to the other, which deteriorates the quality of the condensed nonwoven produced at the card outlet. This limitation results in a limitation on the grammage of the nonwoven produced. Typically, by optimizing the combing cylinders and condensers of the carding machine, we manage to obtain condensed nonwovens based on synthetic fibers, of polypropylene type, having a maximum grammage of 60g / m 2 and 80g / m 2 .

On a par ailleurs déjà proposé d'autre solutions techniques pour produire un non-tissé condensé, en remplaçant en sortie de carde le cylindre condenseur traditionnel précédemment décrit, par un organe condenseur ne comportant pas de garniture sur sa périphérie. Ce type de solution technique est décrit par exemple dans la demande de brevet GB-A-962162 ou dans le brevet US-A-3787930.We have also already proposed other technical solutions for produce a condensed nonwoven, by replacing the card traditional condenser cylinder previously described, by a member condenser with no lining on its periphery. This guy of technical solution is described for example in the request for GB-A-962162 or in US-A-3787930.

Dans la demande de brevet GB-A-962162, il est plus particulièrement proposé de mettre en oeuvre un tambour condenseur lisse et aspirant, qui reprend les fibres directement depuis la périphérie du tambour de carde (sans cylindre peigneur intermédiaire). La reprise des fibres depuis la périphérie du tambour de carde est réalisée grâce à l'aspiration du tambour condenseur. Dans une variante préférée de réalisation, pour assister au détachage des fibres retenues à la périphérie du tambour de carde, on prévoit un flux d'air supplémentaire sous la forme d'un jet d'air soufflé en direction des pointes de la garniture du tambour de la carde.In patent application GB-A-962162, it is more particularly proposed to use a condenser drum smooth and suction, which takes up the fibers directly from the periphery of the card drum (without comb cylinder intermediate). The recovery of fibers from the periphery of the drum carding is achieved by the suction of the condenser drum. In a preferred variant embodiment, to assist in the spotting of the fibers retained at the periphery of the card drum, a flow is provided additional air in the form of a jet of air blown towards tips of the card drum cover.

Dans le brevet US-A-3787930, on forme un non-tissé condensé au moyen de deux bande transporteuses adjacentes au cylindre peigneur de la carde, et d'une aspiration dans la zone de transfert des fibres entre le cylindre peigneur et les bandes transporteuses.In US-A-3787930, a condensed nonwoven is formed by means of two conveyor belts adjacent to the cylinder card doffer, and suction in the transfer area of fibers between the painter cylinder and the conveyor belts.

D'une part, à la connaissance de la demanderesse, les solutions décrites dans les publications précitées GB-A-962162 et US-A-3787930 n'ont jamais été exploitées industriellement. D'autre part, sachant que dans ces solutions, de manière comparable à la solution traditionnelle avec cylindre condenseur équipé d'une garniture périphérique, on réalise une condensation du non-tissé lors de sa formation, à partir de fibres reprises depuis un cylindres amont également pourvu d'une garniture périphérique, on peut supposer que l'on rencontre avec ces solutions les mêmes limitations que pour la solution traditionnelle, en termes de différentielles de vitesses et par la-même en terme de poids du non-tissé condensé produit.On the one hand, to the knowledge of the plaintiff, the solutions described in the aforementioned publications GB-A-962162 and US-A-3787930 have never been exploited industrially. On the other hand, knowing that in these solutions, in a way comparable to the traditional solution with condensing cylinder fitted with a peripheral lining, realizes a condensation of the nonwoven during its formation, from fibers taken from an upstream cylinder also provided with a peripheral lining, we can assume that we meet with these solutions the same limitations as for the traditional solution, in in terms of speed differentials and by the same in terms of weight of the condensed nonwoven produced.

La présente invention vise à proposer un nouveau procédé pour la production d'un non-tissé condensé.The present invention aims to propose a new method for the production of a condensed nonwoven.

Selon ce procédé, on fabrique, de manière connue en soi, au moins un premier non-tissé au moyen d'une carde.According to this process, in a manner known per se, minus a first nonwoven by means of a card.

De manière caractéristique selon l'invention, on fait subir à ce premier non-tissé une opération de condensation. A cet effet, on achemine ledit premier non-tissé issu de la carde, au moyen d'une première surface de transport, jusqu'à un organe de transfert rotatif ; on transfert ledit premier non-tissé sur une deuxième surface de transport au moyen dudit organe de transfert, la deuxième surface de transport étant entraínée à une vitesse linéaire inférieure à la vitesse circonférentielle de l'organe de transfert. Le différentiel de vitesses entre le cylindre de transfert et la deuxième surface de transport permet une accumulation des fibres dans la zone de transfert entre ces deux éléments, et par là-même une réorientation des fibres du premier non-tissé. On forme ainsi, à partir de ce premier non-tissé un non-tissé condensé, présentant un grammage supérieur au grammage du premier non-tissé issu de la carde.Characteristically according to the invention, this first nonwoven a condensation operation. To this end, we conveys said first nonwoven from the card, by means of a first transport surface, to a rotary transfer member; said first nonwoven is transferred to a second surface of transport by means of said transfer member, the second surface of transport being driven at a linear speed lower than the speed circumferential of the transfer member. The speed differential between the transfer cylinder and the second transport surface allows an accumulation of fibers in the transfer zone between these two elements, and thereby a reorientation of the fibers of the first nonwoven. We thus form, from this first nonwoven a condensed nonwoven, having a grammage greater than the grammage of the first nonwoven from the card.

Dans le procédé de l'invention, et contrairement aux solutions précitées de l'art antérieur, la condensation n'est pas réalisée lors de la formation du non-tissé, mais est réalisée à un stade ultérieur sur un non-tissé déjà formé et issu d'une carde. Il a été constaté que cette condensation réalisée à un stade ultérieur sur un non-tissé déjà formé permettait de manière surprenante d'obtenir un taux de condensation plus élevé que celui obtenu avec une solution traditionnelle, sans pour autant nuire à la qualité du non-tissé produit.In the process of the invention, and unlike the solutions above from the prior art, the condensation is not carried out during the formation of the nonwoven, but is carried out at a later stage on a nonwoven already formed and from a card. It was found that this condensation carried out at a later stage on an already formed nonwoven surprisingly provided a rate of condensation higher than that obtained with a traditional solution, without as much to harm the quality of the nonwoven produced.

L'invention a pour autre objet un dispositif de condensation d'un non-tissé. Ce dispositif comprend une première et une deuxième surfaces de transport, et un organe de transfert rotatif, qui en fonctionnement permet de transférer un non-tissé de la première vers la deuxième surface de transport ; en fonctionnement, la vitesse linéaire de la deuxième surface de transport est inférieure à la vitesse circonférentielle de l'organe de transfert.Another subject of the invention is a condensation device of a nonwoven. This device comprises a first and a second transport surfaces, and a rotary transfer member, which operation allows a nonwoven to be transferred from the first to the second transport surface; in operation, the speed linear of the second transport surface is less than the speed circumferential of the transfer member.

L'invention a également pour objet une installation pour la production d'un non-tissé condensé, laquelle installation comporte une carde permettant de produire au moins un premier non-tissé et un dispositif de condensation précité. La carde et le dispositif de condensation sont agencés de telle sorte que ledit premier non-tissé produit par la carde est déposé en sortie de carde sur la première surface de transport du dispositif de condensation.The invention also relates to an installation for the production of a condensed nonwoven, which installation comprises a card making it possible to produce at least one first nonwoven and aforementioned condensing device. The card and the device condensation are arranged so that said first nonwoven produced by the card is deposited at the card outlet on the first transport surface of the condensing device.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaítront plus clairement à la lecture de la description ci-après d'une variante préférée de réalisation d'une installation de l'invention, laquelle description est donnée à titre d'exemple non limitatif, et en référence aux dessins annexés sur lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une représentation schématique d'une installation de production de non-tissé comportant une carde à deux sorties et un dispositif de condensation d'un non-tissé conforme à l'invention,
  • et la figure 2 est une vue plus détaillée du dispositif de condensation de la figure 1.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear more clearly on reading the description below of a preferred embodiment of an installation of the invention, which description is given by way of nonlimiting example, and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a nonwoven production installation comprising a card with two outlets and a device for condensing a nonwoven according to the invention,
  • and FIG. 2 is a more detailed view of the condensing device of FIG. 1.

On a représenté sur la figure 1 une installation conforme à une variante préférée de réalisation de l'invention, qui permet la production d'un non-tissé condensé, référencé W3 sur la figure 2. Cette installation comprend une carde 1 à deux sorties supérieure et inférieure, et un dispositif 2 qui, en référence à la figure 2, permet de former le non-tissé condensé (W3) à partir d'un premier voile non-tissé (W1) issu de la sortie supérieure de la carde 1, et d'un deuxième voile non-tissé (W2) issu de la sortie inférieure de la carde 1.There is shown in Figure 1 an installation according to a preferred variant embodiment of the invention, which allows the production of a condensed nonwoven, referenced W3 in FIG. 2. This installation includes a card 1 with two upper outputs and lower, and a device 2 which, with reference to FIG. 2, makes it possible to forming the condensed nonwoven (W3) from a first nonwoven web (W1) from the upper outlet of card 1, and from a second web nonwoven (W2) from the lower outlet of card 1.

La carde 1 est une carde traditionnelle et parfaitement connue dans le domaine de la fabrication de non-tissés à partir de fibres synthétiques. Par souci de simplification, seuls les éléments principaux de cette carde 1, nécessaires à la compréhension de l'invention, ont été représentés, les autres éléments connus de la carde, et notamment les rouleaux travailleurs à la périphérie du tambour principal, ainsi que le dispositif d'entrée pour l'alimentation du tambour principal, n'ont pas été représentés. De manière usuelle, cette carde 1 comporte un tambour principal 10. En partie supérieure et à la périphérie de ce tambour principal est monté un cylindre peigneur supérieur 11a, suivi de deux cylindres condenseurs 12a et 13a et d'un dispositif détacheur 14a. Le cylindre supérieur 11a, les deux cylindres condenseurs 12a et 13a et le dispositif détacheur 14a forment la sortie supérieure de la carde 1.Card 1 is a traditional and perfectly known card in the field of manufacturing nonwovens from fibers synthetic. For the sake of simplification, only the main elements of this card 1, necessary for understanding the invention, have have been represented, the other known elements of the card, and in particular the working rollers on the periphery of the main drum, as well as the input device for feeding the main drum, not been represented. Usually, this card 1 comprises a main drum 10. In the upper part and at the periphery of this main drum is mounted an upper comb cylinder 11a, followed two condensing cylinders 12a and 13a and a detaching device 14a. The upper cylinder 11a, the two condenser cylinders 12a and 13a and the detaching device 14a form the upper outlet of the card 1.

De manière usuelle, en fonctionnement, le cylindre peigneur supérieur 11a récupère dans sa garniture une partie des fibres à la périphérie du tambour principal 10, et effectue une opération de parallélisation des fibres. En fonctionnement, le premier cylindre condenseur 12a est entraíné à une vitesse circonférentielle nettement inférieure à la vitesse circonférentielle du cylindre peigneur supérieur 11a, de telle sorte qu'il se produit une condensation (ou brouillage) des fibres parallèles issues du cylindre peigneur 11a, lors de leur transfert dans la garniture du cylindre condenseur 12a. En fonctionnement, le deuxième cylindre condenseur 13a est entraíné avec une vitesse circonférentielle inférieure à celle du premier cylindre condenseur 12a, ce qui permet d'augmenter la condensation des fibres. On forme ainsi à la périphérie du deuxième cylindre 13a un premier non-tissé condensé (non représenté sur la figure 1) ayant un poids initial donné, qui dépend des vitesses respectives des cylindres 11a, 12a, et 13a.Usually, in operation, the painter cylinder upper 11a collects in its lining part of the fibers at the periphery of the main drum 10, and performs an operation of fiber parallelization. In operation, the first cylinder condenser 12a is driven at a clearly circumferential speed lower than the circumferential speed of the upper comb cylinder 11a, so that condensation (or interference) occurs parallel fibers from the comb cylinder 11a, during their transfer to the lining of the condenser cylinder 12a. In operation, the second condenser cylinder 13a is driven with a circumferential speed lower than that of the first cylinder condenser 12a, which increases the condensation of fibers. There is thus formed at the periphery of the second cylinder 13a a first condensed nonwoven (not shown in Figure 1) having a given initial weight, which depends on the respective cylinder speeds 11a, 12a, and 13a.

En fonctionnement de l'installation, ce premier non-tissé est acheminé à la périphérie du deuxième cylindre condenseur 13a jusqu'à un dispositif détacheur 14a. Ce dispositif détacheur 14a permet de déposer le premier non-tissé issu de la sortie supérieure de la carde 1 sur une bande transporteuse (B), dont le brin supérieur forme une surface de transport (S1), et qui est entraínée à une vitesse linéaire constante prédéterminée (V1). En référence à la figure 2, le premier non-tissé, issu de la sortie supérieure de la carde 1 et transporté à la vitesse (V1) par la surface de transport S1, est référence W1.In operation of the installation, this first nonwoven is routed to the periphery of the second condenser cylinder 13a up to a detaching device 14a. This detaching device 14a makes it possible to deposit the first nonwoven from the upper outlet of card 1 on a conveyor belt (B), the upper strand of which forms a transport surface (S1), which is driven at a linear speed predetermined constant (V1). Referring to Figure 2, the first nonwoven, from the upper outlet of card 1 and transported to the speed (V1) by the transport surface S1, is reference W1.

Le dispositif détacheur 14a a déjà été décrit dans la demande de brevet européen EP-A-0704561, publication à laquelle l'homme du métier pourra se référer pour une compréhension détaillée de la structure et du fonctionnement de ce dispositif détacheur. En substance, ce dispositif détacheur 14a comprend un cylindre détacheur 15a qui présente sur sa périphérie une garniture isocèle ou équivalente, et qui a pour fonction de reprendre le premier non-tissé condensé à la périphérie du deuxième cylindre condenseur 14a. Pour assister au détachage du premier non-tissé depuis la périphérie du cylindre détacheur 15a, la bande transporteuse B est perméable à l'air, et le dispositif détacheur comprend une boíte d'aspiration 16a ou tout autre moyen d'aspiration équivalent, qui en fonctionnement permet de plaquer par aspiration le premier non-tissé contre la surface de la bande transporteuse B, au moins dans la zone de transition entre le cylindre détacheur 15a et la bande transporteuse B.The detaching device 14a has already been described in the application for European patent EP-A-0704561, publication to which the man of the trade may refer for a detailed understanding of the structure and operation of this detaching device. In substance, this detaching device 14a comprises a detaching cylinder 15a which has an isosceles lining on its periphery or equivalent, and which has the function of taking back the first nonwoven condensed on the periphery of the second condenser cylinder 14a. For witness the stain removal of the first nonwoven from the periphery of the detaching cylinder 15a, the conveyor belt B is breathable, and the detaching device comprises a suction box 16a or all other equivalent suction means, which in operation allows to press the first nonwoven by suction against the surface of the conveyor belt B, at least in the transition zone between the detaching cylinder 15a and the conveyor belt B.

La carde 1 comporte une sortie inférieure, qui est identique d'un point de vue structurel, à la sortie supérieure précédemment décrite. Cette sortie inférieure est constituée d'un cylindre peigneur inférieur 11b, de deux cylindres condenseurs successifs 12b et 13b et d'un dispositif détacheur 14b, qui permet de reprendre le non-tissé condensé à la périphérie cylindre condenseur 13b et de déposer ledit non-tissé condensé sur une bande transporteuse B'. Le brin supérieur de la bande transporteuse B' forme une surface de transport S2, et est entraíné avec une vitesse linéaire V2 constante prédéterminée. En fonctionnement de la carde 1, on produit ainsi en parallèle deux voiles non-tissé : le premier voile non-tissé W1 précédemment décrit, et un deuxième voile non-tissé, qui est issu de la sortie inférieure de la carde 1 et qui est référencé W2 sur la figure 2.Card 1 has a lower outlet, which is identical from a structural point of view, at the upper exit previously described. This lower outlet consists of a comb cylinder lower 11b, of two successive condenser cylinders 12b and 13b and a detaching device 14b, which allows the nonwoven to be taken up condensed at the periphery condenser cylinder 13b and deposit said nonwoven condensed on a conveyor belt B '. The upper strand of the conveyor belt B 'forms a transport surface S2, and is driven with a predetermined constant linear speed V2. In operation of card 1, two sails are thus produced in parallel non-woven: the first non-woven web W1 previously described, and a second non-woven veil, which comes from the lower outlet of the card 1 and which is referenced W2 in FIG. 2.

Le dispositif condenseur 2 de l'invention comprend, outre les deux surfaces de transport S1 et S2 précédemment décrites, un organe de transfert rotatif 20. Dans la variante de réalisation illustrée sur les figures, cet organe de transfert comprend un cylindre rotatif 21 lisse. Par cylindre lisse, on désigne un cylindre ne comportant aucune garniture sur sa périphérie, par opposition aux autres cylindres de la carde 1, et notamment au tambour principal 10, aux cylindres peigneur 11a, 11b et aux cylindres condenseurs 12a, 13a, 12b, et 13b.The condenser device 2 of the invention comprises, in addition to the two transport surfaces S1 and S2 previously described, a member rotary transfer 20. In the alternative embodiment illustrated in the Figures, this transfer member comprises a rotary cylinder 21 smooth. By smooth cylinder is meant a cylinder having no lining on its periphery, as opposed to the other cylinders of the card 1, and in particular to the main drum 10, to the cylinders comb 11a, 11b and the condenser cylinders 12a, 13a, 12b, and 13b.

Egalement, selon une caractéristique préférentielle, on utilise un organe de transfert aspirant. A cet effet, dans la variante des figures 1 et 2, le cylindre 21 est un cylindre perforé, à l'intérieur duquel est monté un secteur d'aspiration A. Ce secteur d'aspiration A est de préférence réglable, et en fonctionnement du dispositif, ce secteur d'aspiration A , après voir été réglé en position, est fixe. Plus particulièrement, en référence à la figure 2, à l'intérieur du cylindre 21 perforé est monté coaxialement avec l'axe de rotation dudit cylindre, un tube 22, qui une fois réglé en position est fixe lorsque le cylindre 21 est entraíné en rotation, et qui est pourvu d'une fente longitudinale 23. Sur la face extérieure de ce tube 22 sont fixées deux parois 24 délimitant le secteur d'aspiration A. En fonctionnement, l'intérieur du tube 22 est mis en dépression, en étant raccordé par exemple à un ventilateur, de telle sorte qu'on crée dans le secteur A une aspiration permettant l'entrée d'un flux d'air depuis l'extérieur vers l'intérieur du cylindre 21, dans une région limitée au secteur d'aspiration A.Also, according to a preferred characteristic, we use an aspirating transfer member. To this end, in the variant of Figures 1 and 2, the cylinder 21 is a perforated cylinder, inside from which a suction sector A is mounted. This suction sector A is preferably adjustable, and in operation of the device, this suction sector A, after having been adjusted in position, is fixed. More particularly, with reference to FIG. 2, inside the cylinder 21 perforated is mounted coaxially with the axis of rotation of said cylinder, a tube 22, which once adjusted in position is fixed when the cylinder 21 is rotated, and which is provided with a slot longitudinal 23. On the outer face of this tube 22 are fixed two walls 24 delimiting the suction sector A. In operation, the interior of the tube 22 is placed under vacuum, being connected by example to a fan, so that we create in sector A a suction allowing the entry of an air flow from the outside towards the inside of the cylinder 21, in a region limited to the sector suction A.

Le cylindre 21 est monté en sorte d'être adjacent au rouleau d'extrémité aval 25, utilisé pour l'entraínement de la bande transporteuse B. Egalement, ce cylindre 21 est positionné de telle sorte qu'il se trouve placé au-dessus et à proximité de la surface de transport S2.The cylinder 21 is mounted so as to be adjacent to the roller downstream end 25, used for driving the strip conveyor B. Also, this cylinder 21 is positioned so that it is placed above and near the surface of transport S2.

Lorsque l'installation de la figure 1 fonctionne, la carde 1 produit en parallèle deux non-tissés condensés W1 et W2 respectivement sur ses sorties supérieure et inférieure. Le premier non-tissé condensé W1 est issu de la sortie supérieure de la carde 1, et est déposé sur la surface de transport S1 en amont du cylindre de transfert 21 ; le second non-tissé W2 est issu de la sortie inférieure de la carde 1 et est déposé sur la surface de transport S2 en amont du cylindre de transfert 21 de la carde 1. Ces deux non-tisses W1 et W2 sont acheminés en parallèle respectivement par les surfaces de transport S1 et S2 jusqu'au cylindre de transfert 21.When the installation of figure 1 works, card 1 produces in parallel two condensed nonwovens W1 and W2 respectively on its upper and lower outputs. The first nonwoven condensed W1 comes from the upper output of card 1, and is deposited on the transport surface S1 upstream of the cylinder transfer 21; the second nonwoven W2 comes from the lower outlet of card 1 and is deposited on the transport surface S2 upstream of the transfer cylinder 21 of card 1. These two nonwovens W1 and W2 are routed in parallel respectively by the surfaces of transport S1 and S2 to the transfer cylinder 21.

En fonctionnement, le cylindre 21 est entraíné en rotation avec une vitesse circonférentielle (VT) [vitesse linéaire de la surface externe du cylindre 21] qui est égale ou très légèrement supérieure à la vitesse linéaire (V1) de la surface de transport S1, de telle sorte que le cylindre 21 reprend sur sa périphérie le premier non-tissé condensé W1, sans détruire la structure de ce non-tissé, et en lui faisant subir un très faible étirage, et l'achemine jusqu'à la seconde surface de transport S2. Le secteur d'aspiration A du cylindre 21 est positionné en sorte de permettre un maintien, sous l'effet d'aspiration, de ce premier non-tissé contre la surface du cylindre 21, pendant son transfert entre la première surface de transport S1 et la deuxième surface de transport S2.In operation, the cylinder 21 is rotated with a circumferential speed (VT) [linear speed of the external surface of cylinder 21] which is equal to or very slightly greater than the speed linear (V1) of the transport surface S1, so that the cylinder 21 incorporates on its periphery the first condensed nonwoven W1, without destroying the structure of this nonwoven, and subjecting it to a very low stretch, and routes it to the second transport surface S2. The suction sector A of the cylinder 21 is positioned so as to allow this first nonwoven to be maintained under the suction effect against the surface of the cylinder 21, during its transfer between the first transport surface S1 and the second transport surface S2.

De manière essentielle selon l'invention, pour obtenir l'effet de condensation recherché, la vitesse linéaire V2 de la deuxième surface de transport S2 est nettement inférieure à la vitesse circonférentielle (VT) du cylindre 20 et par là-même à la vitesse linéaire de la première surface de transport S1, de telle sorte qu'il se produit principalement une condensation (ou brouillage) des fibres du premier non-tissé W1, lors de son transfert entre le cylindre 21 et la surface transporteuse S2. Plus précisément, lorsque les fibres du non-tissé W1 arrivent dans la zone de transition entre le cylindre 21 et la surface de transport S2, du fait de la plus faible vitesse de cette surface- de transport S2, lesdites fibres sont brusquement ralenties et s'accumulent dans cette zone de transition. En sortie de cette zone de transition entre le cylindre 21 et la surface de transport S2, on obtient ainsi un non-tissé condensé W3 de plus grande épaisseur, formé par superposition du non-tissé inférieur W2 avec des fibres provenant du non-tissé W1 et qui ont été fortement réorientées. Le poids de ce non-tissé W3 est supérieur à la somme des poids des non-tissé W1 et W2.Essentially according to the invention, to obtain the effect of condensation sought, the linear speed V2 of the second surface transport S2 is significantly lower than the circumferential speed (VT) of cylinder 20 and therefore at the linear speed of the first transport surface S1, so that it mainly occurs condensation (or scrambling) of the fibers of the first nonwoven W1, during its transfer between the cylinder 21 and the conveyor surface S2. More specifically, when the fibers of the nonwoven W1 arrive in the transition zone between the cylinder 21 and the transport surface S2, from made of the lowest speed of this transport surface S2, said fibers are suddenly slowed down and accumulate in this area of transition. At the exit of this transition zone between the cylinder 21 and the transport surface S2, a condensed nonwoven W3 is thus obtained of greater thickness, formed by superposition of the nonwoven lower W2 with fibers from the nonwoven W1 which have been strongly reoriented. The weight of this W3 nonwoven is greater than the sum of the weights of nonwoven W1 and W2.

De préférence, le dispositif de condensation 2 comprend une boíte d'aspiration 26, ou équivalent, qui en fonctionnement permet de créer à travers la surface de transport S2, au moins dans la zone de transition entre le cylindre 21 et la surface de transport S2, un flux d'aspiration, qui s'étend de préférence sur toute la largeur de cette surface de transport S2, et qui permet de plaquer les fibres transportées contre la surface transporteuse S2.Preferably, the condensation device 2 comprises a suction box 26, or equivalent, which in operation allows to create across the transport surface S2, at least in the area of transition between cylinder 21 and transport surface S2, a flow suction, which preferably extends over the entire width of this transport surface S2, which allows the fibers to be plated transported against the conveyor surface S2.

Le poids du non-tissé W3 obtenu en sortie du dispositif condenseur 2 des figures 1 ou 2, dépend bien entendu du poids des deux non-tissés W1 et W2 issus des sorties supérieure et inférieure de la carde 1, mais également et surtout du différentiel de vitesse entre la surface de transport S2 et la vitesse circonférentielle du cylindre 21.The weight of the nonwoven W3 obtained at the output of the device condenser 2 of Figures 1 or 2, of course depends on the weight of the two nonwovens W1 and W2 from the upper and lower outlets of card 1, but also and above all the speed differential between the transport surface S2 and the circumferential speed of the cylinder 21.

Dans les trois exemples de réalisation ci-après, donnés à titre indicatif, l'installation de la figure 1 était utilisée pour former un non-tissé composite à base de fibres en polypropylène, présentant un titrage moyen de 2,2 dtex et une longueur moyenne de 38 mm.In the three embodiments below, given as indicative, the installation of figure 1 was used to form a nonwoven composite based on polypropylene fibers, having a average titration of 2.2 dtex and an average length of 38 mm.

Premier exemple de réalisation : First example of realization :

La vitesse circonférentielle du cylindre peigneur supérieur 11a était de l'ordre de 230 m/minute ; les vitesses circonférentielles des deux cylindres condenseurs 12a et 13a étaient respectivement de l'ordre de 120 m/minute et 70 m/minute. La vitesse circonférentielle du cylindre détacheur 15a était de l'ordre de 140 m/minute. La vitesse linéaire (V1) de la surface de transport S1 était de l'ordre de 145 m/minute. Le premier non-tissé W1 (avant reprise par le cylindre 21) présentait un poids de l'ordre de 20 g/m2.The circumferential speed of the upper comb cylinder 11a was of the order of 230 m / minute; the circumferential speeds of the two condenser cylinders 12a and 13a were respectively of the order of 120 m / minute and 70 m / minute. The circumferential speed of the detaching cylinder 15a was of the order of 140 m / minute. The linear speed (V1) of the transport surface S1 was of the order of 145 m / minute. The first nonwoven W1 (before being taken up by the cylinder 21) had a weight of the order of 20 g / m 2 .

Le cylindre peigneur inférieur 11b était entraíné à une vitesse circonférentielle de l'ordre de 125 m/minute. Les deux cylindres condenseurs 12b et 13b étaient entraínés respectivement avec des vitesses circonférentielles de 65 m/minute et 38 m/minute. Le cylindre détacheur 14b était entraíné avec une vitesse circonférentielle de l'ordre de 48 m/minute. La surface de transport S2 était entraínée avec une vitesse linéaire V2 de l'ordre de 50 m/minute. Le poids du non-tissé W2 était de l'ordre de 43 g/m2.The lower comb cylinder 11b was driven at a circumferential speed of about 125 m / minute. The two condenser cylinders 12b and 13b were driven respectively with circumferential speeds of 65 m / minute and 38 m / minute. The detaching cylinder 14b was driven with a circumferential speed of the order of 48 m / minute. The transport surface S2 was driven with a linear speed V2 of the order of 50 m / minute. The weight of the nonwoven W2 was of the order of 43 g / m 2 .

Le cylindre de transfert 20 était entraíné avec une vitesse circonférentielle (VT) de l'ordre de 150 m/minute, soit un ratio (VT/V2) de l'offre de 3. Le poids du non-tissé W3, en sortie du dispositif de condensation 2, était de l'ordre de 103 g/m2.The transfer cylinder 20 was driven with a circumferential speed (VT) of the order of 150 m / minute, or a ratio (VT / V2) of the supply of 3. The weight of the nonwoven W3, at the outlet of the condensing device 2, was of the order of 103 g / m 2 .

Deuxième exemple de réalisation : Second example of realization :

La vitesse circonférentielle du cylindre peigneur supérieur 11a était de l'ordre de 246 m/minute ; les vitesses circonférentielles des deux cylindres condenseurs 12a et 13a étaient respectivement de l'ordre de 128 m/minute et 75 m/minute. La vitesse circonférentielle du cylindre détacheur 15a était de l'ordre de 150 m/minute. La vitesse linéaire (V1) de la surface de transport S1 était de l'ordre de 155 m/minute. Le premier non-tissé W1 (avant reprise par le cylindre 21) présentait un poids de l'ordre de 20 g/m2. The circumferential speed of the upper comb cylinder 11a was of the order of 246 m / minute; the circumferential speeds of the two condenser cylinders 12a and 13a were respectively of the order of 128 m / minute and 75 m / minute. The circumferential speed of the detaching cylinder 15a was of the order of 150 m / minute. The linear speed (V1) of the transport surface S1 was of the order of 155 m / minute. The first nonwoven W1 (before being taken up by the cylinder 21) had a weight of the order of 20 g / m 2 .

Le cylindre peigneur inférieur 11b était entraíné à une vitesse circonférentielle de l'ordre de 100 m/minute. Les deux cylindres condenseurs 12b et 13b étaient entraínés respectivement avec des vitesses circonférentielles de 52 m/minute et 30 m/minute. Le cylindre détacheur 14b était entraíné avec une vitesse circonférentielle de l'ordre de 38 m/minute. La surface de transport S2 était entraínée avec une vitesse linéaire V2 de l'ordre de 40 m/minute. Le poids du non-tissé W2 était de l'ordre de 50 g/m2.The lower comb cylinder 11b was driven at a circumferential speed of the order of 100 m / minute. The two condenser cylinders 12b and 13b were driven respectively with circumferential speeds of 52 m / minute and 30 m / minute. The detaching cylinder 14b was driven with a circumferential speed of the order of 38 m / minute. The transport surface S2 was driven with a linear speed V2 of the order of 40 m / minute. The weight of the nonwoven W2 was of the order of 50 g / m 2 .

Le cylindre de transfert 20 était entraíné avec une vitesse circonférentielle (VT) de l'ordre de 160 m/minute, soit un ratio (VT/V2) de l'offre de 4. Le poids du non-tissé W3, en sortie du dispositif de condensation 2, était de l'ordre de 130 g/m2.The transfer cylinder 20 was driven with a circumferential speed (VT) of the order of 160 m / minute, or a ratio (VT / V2) of the supply of 4. The weight of the nonwoven W3, at the outlet of the condensing device 2, was of the order of 130 g / m 2 .

Troisième exemple de réalisation : Third example of realization :

La vitesse circonférentielle du cylindre peigneur supérieur 11a était de l'ordre de 161 m/minute ; les vitesses circonférentielles des deux cylindres condenseurs 12a et 13a étaient respectivement de l'ordre de 84 m/minute et 49 m/minute. La vitesse circonférentielle du cylindre détacheur 15a était de l'ordre de 98 m/minute. La vitesse linéaire (V1) de la surface de transport S1 était de l'ordre de 101 m/minute. Le premier non-tissé W1 (avant reprise par le cylindre 21) présentait un poids de l'ordre de 20 g/m2.The circumferential speed of the upper comb cylinder 11a was of the order of 161 m / minute; the circumferential speeds of the two condenser cylinders 12a and 13a were respectively of the order of 84 m / minute and 49 m / minute. The circumferential speed of the detaching cylinder 15a was of the order of 98 m / minute. The linear speed (V1) of the transport surface S1 was of the order of 101 m / minute. The first nonwoven W1 (before being taken up by the cylinder 21) had a weight of the order of 20 g / m 2 .

Le cylindre peigneur inférieur 11b était entraíné à une vitesse circonférentielle de l'ordre de 50 m/minute. Les deux cylindres condenseurs 12b et 13b étaient entraínés respectivement avec des vitesses circonférentielles de 26 m/minute et 15 m/minute. Le cylindre détacheur 14b était entraíné avec une vitesse circonférentielle de l'ordre de 19 m/minute. La surface de transport S2 était entraínée avec une vitesse linéaire V2 de l'ordre de 20 m/minute. Le poids du non-tissé W2 était de l'ordre de 55 g/m2.The lower comb cylinder 11b was driven at a circumferential speed of the order of 50 m / minute. The two condenser cylinders 12b and 13b were driven respectively with circumferential speeds of 26 m / minute and 15 m / minute. The detaching cylinder 14b was driven with a circumferential speed of the order of 19 m / minute. The transport surface S2 was driven with a linear speed V2 of the order of 20 m / minute. The weight of the nonwoven W2 was of the order of 55 g / m 2 .

Le cylindre de transfert 20 était entraíné avec une vitesse circonférentielle (VT) de l'ordre de 105 m/minute, soit un ratio (VT/V2) de l'offre de 5,25. Le poids du non-tissé W3, en sortie du dispositif de condensation 2, était de l'ordre de 160 g/m2.The transfer cylinder 20 was driven with a circumferential speed (VT) of the order of 105 m / minute, or a ratio (VT / V2) of the offer of 5.25. The weight of the nonwoven W3, at the outlet of the condensation device 2, was of the order of 160 g / m 2 .

L'invention n'est pas limitée à l'exemple particulier de réalisation qui vient d'être décrit en référence aux figures 1 et 2. En particulier, on pourra remplacer la bande transporteuse B par toute surface de transport, et par exemple par un cylindre ou une succession de cylindres. Il est préférable que la surface de transport S2 soit plane, au moins dans la zone de transition entre le cylindre 21 et ladite surface de transport. Néanmoins dans une autre variante de réalisation de l'invention, on pourrait utiliser une surface de transport S2 courbe. L'organe de transfert rotatif 20 n'est pas nécessairement un cylindre, mais peut être remplacé par tout moyen remplissant la même fonction de transfert ; il peut s'agir notamment d'un rouleau entraíné par une courroie de transport.The invention is not limited to the particular example of embodiment which has just been described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. In particular, we can replace the conveyor belt B by any transport surface, for example by a cylinder or a succession of cylinders. It is preferable that the transport surface S2 is flat, at least in the transition zone between the cylinder 21 and the said transport surface. However in another variant of embodiment of the invention, a transport surface could be used S2 curve. The rotary transfer member 20 is not necessarily a cylinder, but may be replaced by any means fulfilling the same transfer function; it can in particular be a roller driven by a conveyor belt.

Des essais ont montré qu'il était préférable que l'organe de transfert 20 soit aspirant. En effet, en supprimant l'aspiration (secteur d'aspiration A), ou avec une aspiration trop faible, il a été constaté dans de nombreux cas que des défauts apparaissaient rapidement dans la structure du non-tissé produit. En pratique, on règlera le débit d'air aspiré dans le secteur A en l'augmentant jusqu'à disparition des défauts dans la structure du non-tissé.Tests have shown that it is preferable that the organ of transfer 20 is suction. Indeed, by removing the aspiration (sector suction A), or with too low suction, it was found in many cases that faults appeared quickly in the structure of the nonwoven produced. In practice, we will adjust the flow of air sucked in sector A by increasing it until the disappearance of defects in the structure of the nonwoven.

L'invention n'est pas limitée à la formation d'un non-tissé à partir de deux voiles. Elles peut avantageusement être utilisée également pour réaliser un non-tissé condensé à partir d'un unique non-tissé W1. Dans ce cas, la surface de transport S2 ne transporte aucun voile en amont du cylindre de transfert 21.The invention is not limited to the formation of a nonwoven from two sails. They can advantageously be used also to make a condensed nonwoven from a single nonwoven W1. In this case, the transport surface S2 does not transport no veil upstream of the transfer cylinder 21.

L'aspiration ( boíte d'aspiration 26) mise en oeuvre au niveau de la zone de transition entre l'organe de transfert 20 et la surface de transport S2 est facultative, en particulier dans le cas d'un unique non-tissé W1. Cette aspiration permet d'améliorer le blocage l'un par rapport à l'autre des deux voiles non-tissés W1 et W2 lors de leur superposition.The suction (suction box 26) implemented at the transition zone between the transfer member 20 and the surface of transport S2 is optional, in particular in the case of a single nonwoven W1. This suction improves the blocking one by compared to the other of the two nonwoven webs W1 and W2 during their overlay.

L'invention n'est pas limitée à la production d'un non-tissé condensé W3 de poids plus élevé à partir d'un unique non-tissé (W1), ou de plusieurs (W1, W2) non-tissés condensés. En particulier, le voile non-tissé W1 pourrait être un voile parallèle issu directement d'un cylindre peigneur, et n'ayant pas été préalablement condensé par des cylindres condenseurs. Il en est de même du voile W2.The invention is not limited to the production of a nonwoven higher weight W3 from a single nonwoven (W1), or several (W1, W2) condensed nonwovens. In particular, the veil nonwoven W1 could be a parallel veil coming directly from a comb cylinder, and not having been previously condensed by condensing cylinders. The same is true of the W2 veil.

L'invention trouve principalement son intérêt dans la production de non-tissés lourds (poids supérieur à 80g/m2), car elle autorise des ratios de vitesse élevés entre la surface de transport (S2) et l'orga de transfert 20, et par là-même l'obtention de taux de condensation importants, sans nuire à la qualité du non-tissé produit. En particulier, et de manière non limitative de l'invention, le ratio (VT/V2), entre la vitesse circonférentielle (VT) de l'organe de transfert rotatif et la vitesse linéaire (V2) de la deuxième surface de transport (S2), est supérieur à 2, et de préférence supérieur ou égal à 3. Ce ratio de vitesses est fixé au cas par cas en fonction du taux de condensation recherché.The invention mainly finds its interest in the production of heavy nonwovens (weight greater than 80 g / m 2 ), because it allows high speed ratios between the transport surface (S2) and the transfer organ 20, and thereby obtaining significant condensation rates, without affecting the quality of the nonwoven produced. In particular, and without limitation of the invention, the ratio (VT / V2), between the circumferential speed (VT) of the rotary transfer member and the linear speed (V2) of the second transport surface (S2 ), is greater than 2, and preferably greater than or equal to 3. This speed ratio is fixed on a case-by-case basis as a function of the desired condensation rate.

Claims (11)

Procédé de fabrication d'un non-tissé condensé (W3) selon lequel on fabrique au moins un premier non-tissé (W1) au moyen d'une carde (1), caractérisé en ce qu'on achemine ledit premier non-tissé (W1) issu de la carde, au moyen d'une première surface de transport (S1), jusqu'à un organe de transfert rotatif (20), on transfert ledit premier non-tissé (W1) sur une deuxième surface de transport (S2) au moyen dudit organe de transfert (20), la deuxième surface de transport (S2) étant entraínée à une vitesse linéaire (V2) inférieure à la vitesse circonférentielle (VT) de l'organe de transfert (20).Method of manufacturing a condensed nonwoven (W3) according to which at least a first nonwoven (W1) is manufactured by means of a card (1), characterized in that said first nonwoven ( W1) coming from the card, by means of a first transport surface (S1), to a rotary transfer member (20), said first nonwoven (W1) is transferred to a second transport surface (S2 ) by means of said transfer member (20), the second transport surface (S2) being driven at a linear speed (V2) lower than the circumferential speed (VT) of the transfer member (20). Procédé selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que dans la zone de transfert entre les deux surfaces de transport (S1) et (S2), on maintient par aspiration le premier non-tissé (W1) contre la surface de l'organe de transfert (20).Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that in the transfer zone between the two transport surfaces (S1) and (S2), the first nonwoven (W1) is held by suction against the surface of the transfer member ( 20). Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2 caractérisé en ce que le ratio (VT/V2), entre la vitesse circonférentielle (VT) de l'organe de transfert rotatif et la vitesse linéaire (V2) de la deuxième surface de transport (S2) est supérieur à 2, et de préférence supérieur ou égal à 3.Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the ratio (VT / V2), between the circumferential speed (VT) of the rotary transfer member and the linear speed (V2) of the second transport surface (S2) is greater than 2, and preferably greater than or equal to 3. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3 caractérisé en ce qu'on crée une aspiration à travers la deuxième surface de transport (S2) au moins dans la zone de transition entre l'organe de transfert (20) et ladite deuxième surface de transport (S2).Method according to one of claims 1 to 3 characterized in that a suction is created through the second transport surface (S2) at least in the transition zone between the transfer member (20) and said second surface transport (S2). Dispositif pour la condensation d'un non-tissé (W1) caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une première (S1) et une deuxième (S2) surfaces de transport, et un organe de transfert rotatif (20), qui en fonctionnement permet de transférer un non-tissé (W1) de la première (S1) vers la deuxième (S2) surface de transport, et en ce qu'en fonctionnement, la vitesse linéaire (V2) de la deuxième surface de transport (S2) est inférieure à la vitesse circonférentielle (VT) de l'organe de transfert (20).Device for the condensation of a nonwoven (W1) characterized in that it comprises a first (S1) and a second (S2) transport surfaces, and a rotary transfer member (20), which in operation makes it possible to transferring a nonwoven (W1) from the first (S1) to the second (S2) transport surface, and in that in operation, the linear speed (V2) of the second transport surface (S2) is less than the circumferential speed (VT) of the transfer member (20). Dispositif selon la revendication 5 caractérisé en ce que le ratio (VTN2), entre la vitesse circonférentielle (VT) de l'organe de transfert (20) rotatif et la vitesse linéaire (V2) de la deuxième surface de transport (S2), est réglé en sorte d'être est supérieur à 2, et de préférence supérieur ou égal à 3.Device according to Claim 5, characterized in that the ratio (VTN2), between the circumferential speed (VT) of the rotary transfer member (20) and the linear speed (V2) of the second transport surface (S2), is set to be greater than 2, and preferably greater than or equal to 3. Dispositif selon la revendication 5 ou 6 caractérisé en ce que l'organe de transfert (20) est pourvu de moyens d'aspiration (22,24) permettant de plaquer par aspiration le non-tissé (W1) contre la surface de l'organe de transfert.Device according to claim 5 or 6 characterized in that the transfer member (20) is provided with suction means (22,24) enabling the nonwoven (W1) to be pressed against the surface of the member by suction transfer. Dispositif selon la revendication 7 caractérisé en ce que l'organe de transfert (20) comporte un cylindre (21) perforé.Device according to claim 7 characterized in that the transfer member (20) comprises a perforated cylinder (21). Dispositif selon l'une des revendication 5 à 8 caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des moyen d'aspiration (26) permettant de créer une aspiration à travers la deuxième surface de transport (S2), au moins dans la zone de transition entre l'organe de transfert (20) et ladite deuxième surface de transport (S2).Device according to one of Claims 5 to 8, characterized in that it comprises suction means (26) making it possible to create a suction through the second transport surface (S2), at least in the transition zone between the transfer member (20) and said second transport surface (S2). Installation pour la production d'un non-tissé condensé (W3) caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte une carde (1) permettant de produire au moins un premier non-tissé (W1), et un dispositif de condensation (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendication 5 à 9, et en ce que la carde (1) et le dispositif de condensation (2) sont agencés de telle sorte que ledit premier non-tissé (W1) produit par la carde est déposé en sortie de carde sur la première surface de transport (S1) du dispositif de condensation (2).Installation for the production of a condensed nonwoven (W3) characterized in that it comprises a card (1) making it possible to produce at least one first nonwoven (W1), and a condensing device (2) according to the 'any one of claims 5 to 9, and in that the card (1) and the condensing device (2) are arranged such that said first nonwoven (W1) produced by the card is deposited at the card outlet on the first transport surface (S1) of the condensing device (2). Installation selon la revendication 10 caractérisée en ce que la carde (1) comporte au moins une deuxième sortie pour la production d'un deuxième non-tissé (W2), et en ce que la carde (1) et le dispositif de condensation (2) sont agencés de telle sorte que ledit deuxième non-tissé (W2) produit par la carde est déposé en sortie de carde sur la deuxième surface de transport (S2) du dispositif de condensation (2), en amont de l'organe de transfert (20) dudit dispositif de condensation (2).Installation according to claim 10 characterized in that the card (1) has at least one second outlet for the production of a second nonwoven (W2), and in that the card (1) and the condensing device (2 ) are arranged so that said second nonwoven (W2) produced by the card is deposited at the card outlet on the second transport surface (S2) of the condensing device (2), upstream of the transfer member (20) of said condensing device (2).
EP02370035A 2001-10-03 2002-09-09 Process and installation for the production of a condensed non-woven and device for condensing a non-woven Expired - Lifetime EP1300492B1 (en)

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FR0112716 2001-10-03
FR0112716A FR2830263B1 (en) 2001-10-03 2001-10-03 METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A CONDENSED NONWOVEN, AND DEVICE FOR CONDENSING A NONWOVEN

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AT (1) ATE295436T1 (en)
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EP2927352A1 (en) * 2014-03-07 2015-10-07 ANDRITZ Perfojet SAS Carding system and method for starting such a system
CN104894697B (en) * 2014-03-07 2019-04-09 安德里兹波杰特有限公司 Carding machine device and the method for starting the device
TWI671445B (en) * 2014-03-07 2019-09-11 法商安德里茲帕弗傑特股份有限公司 Carding device and method of starting the same
FR3059344A1 (en) * 2016-11-25 2018-06-01 Andritz Asselin Thibeau DEVICE FOR STRETCHING A SAIL PROVIDED BETWEEN A CARD DEVICE AND A CALIPER
FR3059343A1 (en) * 2016-11-25 2018-06-01 Andritz Asselin Thibeau INSTALLATION FOR FORMING A FIBER TABLE COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE SAILING DEVICE, IN PARTICULAR A CARD, AND A CALIPER
WO2018095766A3 (en) * 2016-11-25 2018-07-26 Andritz Asselin Thibeau Device for drafting a web, disposed between a carding device and a cross-lapper
WO2020144084A1 (en) 2019-01-08 2020-07-16 Andritz Perfojet Sas Unit and method for producing non-wovens

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US6732412B2 (en) 2004-05-11
DE60204095D1 (en) 2005-06-16
ATE295436T1 (en) 2005-05-15
FR2830263B1 (en) 2004-08-06
ES2240675T3 (en) 2005-10-16
IL152031A0 (en) 2003-05-29
DE60204095T2 (en) 2006-01-26
US20030061686A1 (en) 2003-04-03
FR2830263A1 (en) 2003-04-04
EP1300492B1 (en) 2005-05-11

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