EP1292960B1 - Method for opening the contact gap of a vacuum interrupter - Google Patents
Method for opening the contact gap of a vacuum interrupter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1292960B1 EP1292960B1 EP01944974A EP01944974A EP1292960B1 EP 1292960 B1 EP1292960 B1 EP 1292960B1 EP 01944974 A EP01944974 A EP 01944974A EP 01944974 A EP01944974 A EP 01944974A EP 1292960 B1 EP1292960 B1 EP 1292960B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- speed
- stroke
- phase
- contact pieces
- switching contact
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
- H01H33/666—Operating arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
- H01H3/60—Mechanical arrangements for preventing or damping vibration or shock
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
- H01H2009/307—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts with slow break, e.g. for AC current waiting for a zero crossing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
- H01H2033/028—Details the cooperating contacts being both actuated simultaneously in opposite directions
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49105—Switch making
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49117—Conductor or circuit manufacturing
- Y10T29/49204—Contact or terminal manufacturing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49117—Conductor or circuit manufacturing
- Y10T29/49204—Contact or terminal manufacturing
- Y10T29/49208—Contact or terminal manufacturing by assembling plural parts
Definitions
- the invention is in the field of electrical switches and is to be used when operating vacuum interrupters that have two switch contact pieces movable relative to each other and where the breaking capacity is influenced improved the timing of the opening of the switching path shall be.
- a drive linkage is provided for moving the movable switching contact piece, which is electrically guided outwards via a power supply bolt, which acts on the movable switching contact piece when switched on via a contact pressure spring and that when switched off - after a certain distance has been covered Acceleration path - the movable switch contact takes suddenly.
- a power supply bolt which acts on the movable switching contact piece when switched on via a contact pressure spring and that when switched off - after a certain distance has been covered Acceleration path - the movable switch contact takes suddenly.
- a contact piece separation speed of 2 m / s is reached after 0.8 ms.
- the separation speed of the movable switching contact piece is essentially constant over the entire contact stroke, apart from the phase of the high initial acceleration and the strong braking when the full contact stroke is reached (DE 38 15 805 C2).
- a high-voltage vacuum switch is also known, in which the contact stroke is divided into three sections (the switching stroke, a first step of the insulating stroke and a second step of the insulating stroke) by means of a special design of the vacuum interrupter.
- the special structural design consists of the assignment of a potential ring to each contact piece and an axially displaceable arrangement of the housing of the vacuum interrupter relative to the fixed switching contact piece.
- a vacuum interrupter for an operating voltage of is designed at least 12 kV and two in one housing relatively movable, via power supply bolts has switch contacts routed electrically to the outside (DE 38 15 805 C2), the invention is based on the object through a targeted intervention in the timing of the Switch-off characteristics continue to increase the breaking capacity improve.
- the invention provides that the contact pieces in a first, the power cut serving phase of the separation movement at a first speed to a contact pitch of about 1/4 to 1/2 one given final distance and that the contact pieces in a second one, used for voltage insulation Phase of the separation movement at a second speed be brought to the specified final distance, the first speed greater than the second speed is.
- the first speed is expediently at least three times the second speed.
- the switch-off process by sequential succession of a first section with a fast switching speed and a second Section with a slow switching speed temporally in the functions "current extinguishing / extinguishing stroke” and "voltage isolating / insulating stroke" divided, the extinguishing stroke so to be selected is that the switching arc at the next zero current crossing safe within a time of 2 to 15 ms extinguished. Then the switching path on the dielectric necessary distance between the switch contact pieces opened.
- the dielectric strengthening the switching path thus runs after the zero current crossing much faster than the increase in recurring Tension.
- the dielectric strength is at The extinguishing stroke is always greater than that of the respective voltage level associated transient return voltage.
- the adjustment of the dielectric field strength of the switching path to the network conditions, especially the lightning impulse withstand voltage, is then carried out by further increasing the contact stroke with greatly reduced speed.
- vacuum interrupters those with radial field contacts or with magnetic field contacts provided and for an operating voltage of 12 up to 36 kV are dimensioned as Proven appropriately, according to which the first speed about 0.5 to 2 m / s and the second speed about 0.1 to 0.3 m / s.
- the extinguishing stroke is about 3 to 5 mm and the total contact stroke is about 8 to 20 mm.
- the extinguishing stroke is approximately 20 mm and the total contact stroke about 40 to 60 mm.
- the two speeds when opening the switching path can be achieved in different ways. For example can attenuators in previously common drive mechanisms be inserted. An embodiment of this shows Figure 2. But you can also use the appropriate drive Design cams so that the movable Switch contact positively controlled by means of a cam becomes. Such a control is in principle the figures 1 and 2 of DE 27 02 962 A1. - A particularly useful one Possibility of generating the two speeds is seen in a further embodiment of the invention in that the two switch contacts move in opposite directions be, the one switch contact piece only during the first phase of the separation movement at the first speed and the other switching contact piece only during the second or also during the first and the second phase of the separation movement is moved at the second speed.
- FIG. 1 shows a diagram, in which the switching stroke is shown over time.
- the switching path is opened in two sections S1, S2, represented as straight lines with different slopes are.
- the straight line S1 shows that the extinguishing stroke Lh is reached after a time t1, for example at a Separation speed of the contact pieces of 1 m / s and one Extinguishing stroke of 5 mm is 5 ms.
- the straight line S2 shows that the final stroke Eh reaches t1 plus t2 after a time which, for example, at a separation speed of 0.2 m / s and a final stroke of 20 mm is approx. 100 ms.
- FIG. 2 is a drive rod 1, which in no closer shown way to the movable contact piece of a vacuum interrupter is coupled, a switch-off spring 2 assigned, which - supported on a circuit board 3 - via a plate 4 acts on the drive rod 1.
- the plate 4 is at the same time Part of a damping arrangement, to which a pot 5 and include an attenuator 6 disposed in the pot.
- the plate 3 initially moves unimpeded into the pot 4 to a depth D1, the corresponds to the extinguishing stroke of the associated vacuum interrupter.
- There the plate 4 meets the compressible one Attenuator 6, which increases the speed at which the Plunge plate 4 further into pot 5 until it is reached position D2, which corresponds to the final stroke of the vacuum interrupter, is reduced accordingly.
Landscapes
- High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung liegt auf dem Gebiet der elektrischen Schalter und ist beim Betrieb von Vakuumschaltröhren anzuwenden, die zwei relativ zueinander bewegbare Schaltkontaktstücke aufweisen und bei denen das Ausschaltvermögen durch Beeinflussung des zeitlichen Ablaufes der Öffnung der Schaltstrecke verbessert werden soll.The invention is in the field of electrical switches and is to be used when operating vacuum interrupters that have two switch contact pieces movable relative to each other and where the breaking capacity is influenced improved the timing of the opening of the switching path shall be.
Bei elektrischen Schaltern, die als eigentliches Schaltelement
eine Vakuumschaltröhre enthalten, ist zur Bewegung des
bewegbaren, über einen Stromzuführungsbolzen elektrisch nach
außen geführten Schaltkontaktstückes ein Antriebsgestänge
vorgesehen, das beim Einschalten über eine Kontaktdruckfeder
auf das bewegbare Schaltkontaktstück einwirkt und das beim
Ausschalten - nach Zurücklegung eines gewissen Beschleunigungsweges
- das bewegliche Schaltkontaktstück schlagartig
mitnimmt. Um bei solchen, mit Radialfeld- oder Axialfeld-Kontaktstücken
versehenen Vakuumschaltröhren die solchen Vakuumschaltröhren
innewohnende hohe Abschaltleistung zu verstetigen,
ist es bekannt, das bewegbare Schaltkontaktstück
direkt nach der Kontakttrennung derart zu beeinflussen, dass
nach spätestens 1,3 ms die Schaltstrecke um mindestens 1 mm
geöffnet ist, also dem bewegbaren Schaltkontaktstück eine hohe
Anfangsbeschleunigung zu geben. Es hat sich bei Radialfeldkontaktstücken
als günstig erwiesen, wenn nach 0,8 ms eine
Kontaktstücktrenngeschwindigkeit von 2 m/s erreicht wird.
- Bei dieser bekannten Beeinflussung des zeitlichen Ablaufes
der Öffnung der Schaltstrecke ist die Trenngeschwindigkeit
des bewegbaren Schaltkontaktstückes über den gesamten Kontakthub
im wesentlichen konstant, abgesehen von der Phase der
hohen Anfangsbeschleunigung und der starken Abbremsung beim
Erreichen des vollen Kontakthubes (DE 38 15 805 C2).
Es ist weiterhin ein Hochspannungs-Vakuum-Schalter bekannt,
bei dem der Kontakthub mittels einer speziellen konstruktiven
Gestaltung der Vakuumschaltröhre in drei als "Funktionsstufen"
bezeichnete Abschnitte (den Schalthub, eine erste Stufe
des Isolierhubes und eine zweite Stufe des Isolierhubes) unterteilt
ist. Die spezielle konstruktive Gestaltung besteht
in der Zuordnung von jeweils einem Potentialring zu jedem
Kontaktstück und einer axial verschiebbaren Anordnung des Gehäuses
der Vakuumschaltröhre gegenüber dem feststehenden
Schaltkontaktstück. Diese Maßnahmen bewirken, dass sich die
beiden Schaltkontaktstücke in der Aus-Stellung des beweglichen
Schaltkontaktes im Feldschatten des jeweiligen Potentialringes
befinden, wodurch das Isoliervermögen der Vakuumschaltröhre
bei gegebenen Kontaktabstand verbessert wird (DE
195 19 078 A1).In electrical switches, which contain a vacuum interrupter as the actual switching element, a drive linkage is provided for moving the movable switching contact piece, which is electrically guided outwards via a power supply bolt, which acts on the movable switching contact piece when switched on via a contact pressure spring and that when switched off - after a certain distance has been covered Acceleration path - the movable switch contact takes suddenly. In order to stabilize the high breaking capacity inherent in such vacuum interrupters in such vacuum interrupters provided with radial field or axial field contact pieces, it is known to influence the movable switching contact piece directly after the contact separation in such a way that the switching distance by at least 1 mm after 1.3 ms at the latest is open, that is to give the movable switching contact piece a high initial acceleration. With radial field contact pieces, it has proven to be advantageous if a contact piece separation speed of 2 m / s is reached after 0.8 ms. - With this known influence on the timing of the opening of the switching path, the separation speed of the movable switching contact piece is essentially constant over the entire contact stroke, apart from the phase of the high initial acceleration and the strong braking when the full contact stroke is reached (DE 38 15 805 C2).
A high-voltage vacuum switch is also known, in which the contact stroke is divided into three sections (the switching stroke, a first step of the insulating stroke and a second step of the insulating stroke) by means of a special design of the vacuum interrupter. The special structural design consists of the assignment of a potential ring to each contact piece and an axially displaceable arrangement of the housing of the vacuum interrupter relative to the fixed switching contact piece. These measures have the effect that the two switch contact pieces are in the off position of the movable switch contact in the field shadow of the respective potential ring, as a result of which the insulating capacity of the vacuum interrupter is improved for a given contact distance (DE 195 19 078 A1).
Ausgehend von einem Verfahren zum Öffnen der Schaltstrecke einer Vakuumschaltröhre, die für eine Betriebsspannung von wenigstens 12 kV ausgelegt ist und die in einem Gehäuse zwei relativ zueinander bewegbare, über Stromzuführungsbolzen elektrisch nach außen geführte Schaltkontaktstücke aufweist (DE 38 15 805 C2), liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zu Grunde, durch einen gezielten Eingriff in den zeitlichen Ablauf der Ausschaltcharakteristik das Ausschaltvermögen weiter zu verbessern.Based on a procedure for opening the switching path a vacuum interrupter for an operating voltage of is designed at least 12 kV and two in one housing relatively movable, via power supply bolts has switch contacts routed electrically to the outside (DE 38 15 805 C2), the invention is based on the object through a targeted intervention in the timing of the Switch-off characteristics continue to increase the breaking capacity improve.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist gemäß der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass die Kontaktstücke in einer ersten, der Stromlöschung dienenden Phase der Trennbewegung mit einer ersten Geschwindigkeit auf einen Kontaktabstand von etwa 1/4 bis 1/2 eines vorgegebenen Endabstandes gebracht werden und dass die Kontaktstücke in einer zweiten, der Spannungsisolierung dienenden Phase der Trennbewegung mit einer zweiten Geschwindigkeit auf den vorgegebenen Endabstand gebracht werden, wobei die erste Geschwindigkeit größer als die zweite Geschwindigkeit ist. Zweckmäßig beträgt die erste Geschwindigkeit wenigstens das Dreifache der zweiten Geschwindigkeit.To achieve this object, the invention provides that the contact pieces in a first, the power cut serving phase of the separation movement at a first speed to a contact pitch of about 1/4 to 1/2 one given final distance and that the contact pieces in a second one, used for voltage insulation Phase of the separation movement at a second speed be brought to the specified final distance, the first speed greater than the second speed is. The first speed is expediently at least three times the second speed.
Bei einer derartigen Vorgehensweise wird der Ausschaltvorgang durch ein zeitliches Aufeinanderfolgen eines ersten Abschnittes mit einer schnellen Schaltgeschwindigkeit und eines zweiten Abschnittes mit einer langsamen Schaltgeschwindigkeit zeitlich in die Funktionen "Stromlöschen/Löschhub" und "Spannungsisolieren/Isolierhub" aufgeteilt, wobei der Löschhub so zu wählen ist, dass der Schaltlichtbogen beim nächsten Strom-Nulldurchgang innerhalb einer Zeit von 2 bis 15 ms sicher löscht. Anschließend wird die Schaltstrecke auf den dielektrisch notwendigen Abstand der Schaltkontaktstücke geöffnet. - Dieser Vorgehensweise liegt die Erkenntnis zu Grunde, dass einerseits das Ausschaltvermögen mit zunehmender Ausschaltgeschwindigkeit steigt und das andererseits - speziell bei Radialfeld-, aber auch bei Axialfeld-Kontakten - das Ausschaltvermögen um so höher ist, je kleiner der Schalthub (Löschhub?) ist; dabei ist dem Schalthub durch die erforderliche dielektrische Festigkeit der Schaltstrecke eine Grenze nach unten gegeben. - Die Erfindung berücksichtigt weiterhin die Erkenntnis, dass beim Schaltvorgang die dielektrische Wiederverfestigung der üblichen Kontaktmaterialien, insbesondere von CuCr, d. h. das Wiedererreichen der im kalten Zustand gegebenen Spannungsfestigkeit, innerhalb weniger µs erfolgt, wobei für Mittelspannungs-Vakuumschaltröhren (≤ 36 kV) schon bei 2 mm Kontakthub (nach Strom-Nulldurchgang) dielektrische Festigkeiten oberhalb maximaler Wiederkehrspannungen (≥ 60 kV) erreicht werden. Die dielektrische Verfestigung der Schaltstrecke verläuft somit nach dem Strom-Nulldurchgang wesentlich schneller als der Anstieg der wiederkehrenden Spannung. Demzufolge ist die dielektrische Festigkeit bei Löschhub immer größer als die der jeweiligen Spannungsebene zugehörige transiente Wiederkehrspannung. - Die Anpassung der dielektrischen Feldfestigkeit der Schaltstrecke an die Netzbedingungen, insbesondere an die Blitzstoß-Spannungsfestigkeit, erfolgt anschließend durch weitere Erhöhung des Kontakthubes mit stark reduzierter Geschwindigkeit.With such a procedure, the switch-off process by sequential succession of a first section with a fast switching speed and a second Section with a slow switching speed temporally in the functions "current extinguishing / extinguishing stroke" and "voltage isolating / insulating stroke" divided, the extinguishing stroke so to be selected is that the switching arc at the next zero current crossing safe within a time of 2 to 15 ms extinguished. Then the switching path on the dielectric necessary distance between the switch contact pieces opened. - This approach is based on the knowledge that on the one hand the breaking capacity with increasing breaking speed on the other hand - especially with radial field contacts, but also with axial field contacts - the breaking capacity the smaller the switching stroke, the higher (Clear stroke?); is the switching stroke by the required dielectric strength of the switching path a limit given down. - The invention also takes into account the knowledge that the dielectric Reconsolidation of the usual contact materials, in particular from CuCr, d. H. regaining the cold given dielectric strength, takes place within a few µs, whereby for medium voltage vacuum interrupters (≤ 36 kV) dielectric with a contact stroke of just 2 mm (after zero current crossing) Strengths above maximum return stresses (≥ 60 kV) can be achieved. The dielectric strengthening the switching path thus runs after the zero current crossing much faster than the increase in recurring Tension. As a result, the dielectric strength is at The extinguishing stroke is always greater than that of the respective voltage level associated transient return voltage. - The adjustment of the dielectric field strength of the switching path to the network conditions, especially the lightning impulse withstand voltage, is then carried out by further increasing the contact stroke with greatly reduced speed.
Die zeitliche Aufteilung des Schaltvorganges in einen Löschhub und einen Isolierhub mit unterschiedlicher Hubgeschwindigkeit und in der Regel auch unterschiedlicher Hublänge ist für Vakuumschaltröhren im Mittelspannungsbereich und im Hochspannungsbereich (</> 56 kV) verschieden zu wählen. Für Vakuumschaltröhren, die mit Radialfeldkontakten oder mit Magnetfeldkontakten versehen und für eine Betriebsspannung von 12 bis 36 kV ausgelegt sind, hat sich eine Dimensionierung als zweckmäßig erwiesen, gemäß der die erste Geschwindigkeit etwa 0,5 bis 2 m/s und die zweite Geschwindigkeit etwa 0,1 bis 0,3 m/s beträgt. Dabei beträgt der Löschhub etwa 3 bis 5 mm und der gesamte Kontakthub etwa 8 bis 20 mm.The time division of the switching process into one extinguishing stroke and an insulating stroke with different stroke speeds and usually also has different stroke lengths for vacuum interrupters in the medium voltage and high voltage range (</> 56 kV) to choose different. For vacuum interrupters, those with radial field contacts or with magnetic field contacts provided and for an operating voltage of 12 up to 36 kV are dimensioned as Proven appropriately, according to which the first speed about 0.5 to 2 m / s and the second speed about 0.1 to 0.3 m / s. The extinguishing stroke is about 3 to 5 mm and the total contact stroke is about 8 to 20 mm.
Für Vakuumschaltröhren, die mit Axialmagnetfeld-Kontakten bestückt und für eine Betriebsspannung von mehr als 52 kV, beispielsweise 72 kV, ausgelegt sind, hat sich eine Dimensionierung als zweckmäßig erwiesen, gemäß der die erste Geschwindigkeit etwa 1 bis 3 m/s und die zweite Geschwindigkeit etwa 0,1 bis 0,3 m/s beträgt. Dabei beträgt der Löschhub etwa 20 mm und der gesamte Kontakthub etwa 40 bis 60 mm. For vacuum interrupters equipped with axial magnetic field contacts and for an operating voltage of more than 52 kV, for example 72 kV, are dimensioned proven to be appropriate according to the first speed about 1 to 3 m / s and the second speed about 0.1 to 0.3 m / s. The extinguishing stroke is approximately 20 mm and the total contact stroke about 40 to 60 mm.
Die beiden Geschwindigkeiten beim Öffnen der Schaltstrecke können auf unterschiedliche Weise erreicht werden. Beispielsweise können in bisher übliche Antriebsmechanismen Dämpfungsglieder eingefügt werden. Ein Ausführungsbeispiel hierfür zeigt Figur 2. Man kann aber auch den Antrieb mittels entsprechender Kurvenscheiben so gestalten, dass der bewegbare Schaltkontakt mittels einer Kurvenscheibe zwangsgesteuert wird. Eine solche Steuerung ist prinzipiell den Figuren 1 und 2 der DE 27 02 962 A1 zu entnehmen. - Eine besonders zweckmäßige Möglichkeit für die Erzeugung der beiden Geschwindigkeiten wird in weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung darin gesehen, dass die beiden Schaltkontaktstücke gegenläufig bewegt werden, wobei das eine Schaltkontaktstück nur während der ersten Phase der Trennbewegung mit der ersten Geschwindigkeit und das andere Schaltkontaktstück nur während der zweiten oder auch während der ersten und der zweiten Phase der Trennbewegung mit der zweiten Geschwindigkeit bewegt wird. Bei Vakuumschaltröhren für Mittelspannung braucht so das schneller bewegte Kontaktstück nur einen Hub von 2 bis 5 mm zurückzulegen, während das langsamer bewegte Kontaktstück nur den weiteren Hub von etwa 6 bis 15 oder den gesamten Hub von 8 bis 20 mm zurücklegt. Bei Vakuumschaltröhren für Hochspannungszwecke braucht das schneller bewegte Kontaktstück nur den Löschhub von etwa 10 bis 20 mm und das langsamer bewegte Kontaktstück den weiteren Hub von 20 bis 40 mm zurückzulegen, so dass sich ein Gesamthub von 40 bis 60 mm ergibt. - Eine Vakuumschaltröhre mit zwei gegenläufig bewegbaren Kontaktstücken ist an sich aus der US 4,901,251 A1 bekannt.The two speeds when opening the switching path can be achieved in different ways. For example can attenuators in previously common drive mechanisms be inserted. An embodiment of this shows Figure 2. But you can also use the appropriate drive Design cams so that the movable Switch contact positively controlled by means of a cam becomes. Such a control is in principle the figures 1 and 2 of DE 27 02 962 A1. - A particularly useful one Possibility of generating the two speeds is seen in a further embodiment of the invention in that the two switch contacts move in opposite directions be, the one switch contact piece only during the first phase of the separation movement at the first speed and the other switching contact piece only during the second or also during the first and the second phase of the separation movement is moved at the second speed. With vacuum interrupters for medium voltage this takes faster move the contact piece only a stroke of 2 to 5 mm, while the slower moving contact piece only the other Stroke from about 6 to 15 or the entire stroke from 8 to 20 mm covered. For vacuum interrupters for high voltage purposes the faster moving contact piece only needs that Extinguishing stroke of about 10 to 20 mm and the slower moving contact piece cover the further stroke of 20 to 40 mm, see above that there is a total stroke of 40 to 60 mm. - A vacuum interrupter with two oppositely movable contact pieces is known per se from US 4,901,251 A1.
Zur Erläuterung des neuen Verfahrens zeigt Figur 1 ein Diagramm, in dem der Schalthub über der Zeit dargestellt ist. To explain the new method, FIG. 1 shows a diagram, in which the switching stroke is shown over time.
Die Öffnung der Schaltstrecke erfolgt in zwei Abschnitten S1, S2, die als Geraden mit unterschiedlicher Steigung dargestellt sind. Die Gerade S1 verdeutlicht, dass der Löschhub Lh nach einer Zeit t1 erreicht wird, die beispielsweise bei einer Trenngeschwindigkeit der Kontaktstücke von 1 m/s und einem Löschhub von 5 mm 5 ms beträgt. - Die Gerade S2 verdeutlicht, dass der Endhub Eh nach einer Zeit t1 plus t2 erreicht wird, die beispielsweise bei einer Trenngeschwindigkeit von 0,2 m/s und einem Endhub von 20 mm ca. 100 ms beträgt.The switching path is opened in two sections S1, S2, represented as straight lines with different slopes are. The straight line S1 shows that the extinguishing stroke Lh is reached after a time t1, for example at a Separation speed of the contact pieces of 1 m / s and one Extinguishing stroke of 5 mm is 5 ms. - The straight line S2 shows that the final stroke Eh reaches t1 plus t2 after a time which, for example, at a separation speed of 0.2 m / s and a final stroke of 20 mm is approx. 100 ms.
Gemäß Figur 2 ist einer Antriebsstange 1, die in nicht näher
dargestellter Weise an das bewegbare Kontaktstück einer Vakuumschaltröhre
angekoppelt ist, eine Ausschaltfeder 2 zugeordnet,
die - abgestützt an einer Platine 3 - über eine Platte 4
auf die Antriebsstange 1 einwirkt. Die Platte 4 ist zugleich
Teil einer Dämpfungsanordnung, zu der weiterhin ein Topf 5
und ein in dem Topf angeordnetes Dämpfungsglied 6 gehören.
Bei einer Ausschaltbewegung bewegt sich die Platte 3 zunächst
ungehindert in den Topf 4 hinein bis zu einer Tiefe D1, die
dem Löschhub der zugehörigen Vakuumschaltröhre entspricht.
Dort trifft die Platte 4 auf das kompressibel ausgebildete
Dämpfungsglied 6, wodurch die Geschwindigkeit, mit der die
Platte 4 weiter in den Topf 5 eintaucht, bis zum Erreichen
der Stellung D2, die dem Endhub der Vakuumschaltröhre entspricht,
entsprechend vermindert ist.According to Figure 2 is a drive rod 1, which in no closer
shown way to the movable contact piece of a vacuum interrupter
is coupled, a switch-off
Claims (6)
- Method for opening the contact gap in a vacuum interrupter, which is designed for an operating voltage of at least 12 kV and which has two switching contact pieces in a housing, which switching contact pieces can move relative to one another and are electrically connected to the exterior via current supply bolts,
characterized in that, in a first phase (S1) of the disconnection movement which is used for current quenching, the contact pieces are moved at a first speed to a contact separation (Lh) of about 1/4 to 1/2 of a predetermined final separation,
and in that, in a second phase (S2) of the disconnection movement which is used for voltage isolation, the contact pieces are moved at a second speed to a predetermined final separation (Eh), with the first speed being greater than the second speed. - Method according to Claim 1,
characterized in that the first speed is at least three times the second speed. - Method according to Claim 2 for vacuum interrupters which are provided with radial field contacts and are designed for an operating voltage of 12 to 36 kV,
characterized in that the first speed is about 0.5 to 2 m/s, and the second speed is about 0.1 to 0.3 m/s. - Method according to Claim 2 for vacuum interrupters which are fitted with axial magnetic field contacts and are designed for an operating voltage of more than 52 kV,
characterized in that the first speed is about 1 to 3 m/s and the second speed is about 0.1 to 0.3 m/s. - Method according to one of Claims 1 to 4,
characterized in that the disconnection movement is carried out by moving one of the two switching contact pieces, with damping forces (5) acting on the drive system for the movement of the switching contact piece in order to produce the second phase of the disconnection movement. - Method according to Claim 4,
characterized in that the two switching contact pieces are moved in opposite senses, with the first switching contact piece being moved at the first speed only during the first phase of the disconnection movement, and the other switching contact piece being moved at the second speed during the first and the second phase of the disconnection movement.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10030187 | 2000-06-20 | ||
| DE10030187A DE10030187A1 (en) | 2000-06-20 | 2000-06-20 | Method for opening the switching path of a vacuum interrupter |
| PCT/DE2001/002126 WO2001099133A1 (en) | 2000-06-20 | 2001-06-06 | Method for opening the contact gap of a vacuum interrupter |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1292960A1 EP1292960A1 (en) | 2003-03-19 |
| EP1292960B1 true EP1292960B1 (en) | 2003-12-03 |
Family
ID=7646267
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP01944974A Revoked EP1292960B1 (en) | 2000-06-20 | 2001-06-06 | Method for opening the contact gap of a vacuum interrupter |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7334319B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1292960B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2003536222A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1227689C (en) |
| DE (2) | DE10030187A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2001099133A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3503150A1 (en) | 2017-12-21 | 2019-06-26 | ABB Schweiz AG | Method for operating the drive of a vacuum interrupter, and vacuum interrupter itself |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10104392C2 (en) * | 2001-01-19 | 2003-07-03 | Siemens Ag | Vacuum switch and system and method for its control |
| EP2551872A1 (en) * | 2011-07-29 | 2013-01-30 | ABB Technology AG | Actuator for a circuit breaker |
| DE102017214238A1 (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2019-02-21 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Short-circuit current limiter and method for operating a short-circuit current limiter |
| CN111029182A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-17 | 国网山西省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Method for improving opening speed of breaker model |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2534933A (en) * | 1948-11-06 | 1950-12-19 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Circuit interrupter with speed control of contact |
| US3586803A (en) * | 1969-12-29 | 1971-06-22 | Gen Electric | Vacuum-type circuit interrupter with contact material containing a minor percentage of beryllium |
| DE2700761A1 (en) * | 1976-01-13 | 1977-07-14 | Gen Electric | PROCESS FOR INCREASING THE VOLTAGE STRENGTH PROPERTY OF VACUUM BREAKERS |
| DE2702962B2 (en) * | 1977-01-25 | 1979-12-13 | Elektrotechnische Werke Fritz Driescher & Soehne, Gmbh & Co, 8052 Moosburg | Vacuum switchgear |
| US4901251A (en) * | 1986-04-03 | 1990-02-13 | Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. | Apparatus and methodology for automated filling of complex polygons |
| DE3815805A1 (en) * | 1988-05-09 | 1989-11-23 | Calor Emag Elektrizitaets Ag | Vacuum switch |
| ZA911157B (en) * | 1990-02-23 | 1992-02-26 | Acec Transport Sa | Hyper-rapid circuit breaker |
| DE4006452A1 (en) * | 1990-03-01 | 1991-09-05 | Driescher Eltech Werk | Vacuum switch-gear mechanism for 12KV and 24KV operation - uses single interchangeable link to provide requisite motion and spring compression |
| DE19519078A1 (en) * | 1995-05-18 | 1996-11-21 | Mueller Ottmar Prof Dr Ing Hab | High voltage vacuum switch |
-
2000
- 2000-06-20 DE DE10030187A patent/DE10030187A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2001
- 2001-06-06 JP JP2002503892A patent/JP2003536222A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-06-06 US US10/311,960 patent/US7334319B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-06-06 CN CNB018115624A patent/CN1227689C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-06-06 WO PCT/DE2001/002126 patent/WO2001099133A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2001-06-06 DE DE50101092T patent/DE50101092D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-06-06 EP EP01944974A patent/EP1292960B1/en not_active Revoked
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3503150A1 (en) | 2017-12-21 | 2019-06-26 | ABB Schweiz AG | Method for operating the drive of a vacuum interrupter, and vacuum interrupter itself |
| WO2019121432A1 (en) | 2017-12-21 | 2019-06-27 | Abb Schweiz Ag | Method for operating the drive of a vacuum interrupter, and vacuum interrupter itself |
| RU2750175C1 (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2021-06-23 | Абб Швайц Аг | Method for controlling vacuum interrupter drive and vacuum interrupter |
| US11152173B2 (en) | 2017-12-21 | 2021-10-19 | Abb Schweiz Ag | Method for operating the drive of a vacuum interrupter, and vacuum interrupter itself |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1437757A (en) | 2003-08-20 |
| DE50101092D1 (en) | 2004-01-15 |
| US20040124178A1 (en) | 2004-07-01 |
| WO2001099133A1 (en) | 2001-12-27 |
| JP2003536222A (en) | 2003-12-02 |
| EP1292960A1 (en) | 2003-03-19 |
| DE10030187A1 (en) | 2002-01-03 |
| CN1227689C (en) | 2005-11-16 |
| US7334319B2 (en) | 2008-02-26 |
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