Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
  • C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
  • B01D21/0012—Settling tanks making use of filters, e.g. by floating layers of particulate material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
  • C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
  • C02F1/68—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water
  • C02F1/685—Devices for dosing the additives
  • C02F1/686—Devices for dosing liquid additives

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a physicochemical and bacteriological purification device for water.
• the current devices indeed include several elements which carry out sequentially the operations of homogenization of the effluents, of degreasing, of coagulation, of flocculation. These devices are expensive and use large floor areas.
• the object of the invention is to provide an effluent treatment device which has a reduced bulk, an economical acquisition and operating cost while having a high degree of purification.
• the effluent purification device comprises:
• a vertical supply conduit bringing the effluent with added reagents from said enclosure to the lower part of a flocculation tank placed inside the clarification tank, in which forms a bed of sludge which the effluent crosses from bottom to top and in contact with which it clarifies.
• the aggregation of pollutants, organic and mineral present in the effluent, on the flocs constituting the sludge bed is maximum.
• the arrival of the effluent in a pulsed manner makes it possible to set the flocs in motion and increases their aggregation capacities. This device therefore allows very efficient flocculation in a reduced time.
• the device according to the invention allows a reduction in BOD of more than 70%, as well as excellent filtration of metals.
• BOD or biological oxygen demand which is the oxygen consumption of the microorganisms present in the effluent to assimilate the organic substances of this effluent.
• the flocculation tank comprises a frustoconical upper part extended by a cylindrical lower part, into which the supply duct opens. Due to this particularly advantageous configuration of the flocculation tank, the effluent containing reagents is introduced into an area whose volume is relatively small, namely the cylindrical part of the flocculation tank. In this limited volume, the flocculation is particularly intense. Furthermore, thanks to the inclined surface of the frusto-conical part, the sludge formed by the accumulation of flocs can pour out of the flocculation tank under the effect of an increase in the load.
• Flocculation takes place dynamically and is self-regulated. Indeed, whatever the load to which the device is subjected, flocculation is always carried out optimally on the one hand by ensuring an intense flocculation at the level of the cylindrical part and on the other hand by pouring out of the tank of flocculating excess mud.
• the supply conduit comprises a first tube, one of the ends of which opens into the enclosure and the other end of which is provided with radial homogenization openings situated above from the surface of the frustoconical tank and a second tube, of diameter greater than the diameter of the first tube, the upper end of which covers the circumferential homogenization openings of the first tube and the lower end of which opens into the lower part of the frustoconical tank.
• the configuration of the supply conduit makes it possible to produce a homogeneous mixture of the effluent and the reagents before being introduced into the lower part of the flocculation tank.
• the lower part of the clarification tank has a frustoconical part which receives the sludge projecting from the flocculation tank and a pump discharges the sludge collected in the frustoconical part of the clarification tank.
• the sludge which opens out from the flocculation tank is collected on a surface delimited from the base of the clarification tank.
• This sludge can be easily removed by a pump. Load variations can therefore be absorbed without difficulty, the regulation of the sludge bed is carried out independently.
• calibrated openings are provided on the upper part of the clarification tank in order to allow the clarified effluent to pour into a storage tank surrounding the clarification tank.
• the storage tank surrounds the clarification tank, which makes it possible to obtain a particularly compact device whose occupation on the ground is clearly lower than the devices of the prior art.
• the lower end of the supply duct has a divergent frustoconical section in order to improve the dispersion of the effluent in the sludge bed.
• a filtering material is placed between the clarification tank and the storage tank, which the clarified effluent passes through before being stored in the lower part of the storage tank.
• the dosing pumps inject reagents respectively into the lower part of the enclosure of the mixture, upstream of a static mixer placed on an effluent supply pipe and into the bottom of the cylindrical part of the trough flocculation.
• the reagents are therefore introduced at the points of the device in which they have an optimal action.
• the effluent clarification device comprises: a filtration tank containing a filtering material, disposed between the enclosure and the flocculation tank,
• the upper edge of the frustoconical part of the flocculation tank is joined to the internal face of the tank.
• the filtration tank has, on its underside, openings protected by strainers allowing the filtered water to flow.
• the filtering mass makes it possible to reduce the residual pollutants at the outlet of the clarification tank.
• a pump sucks the clarified effluent into the storage tank and introduces it into at least one annular chamber, disposed on the external face of the storage tank, containing a fixing granulate bacteriological elements.
• the clarified effluent is set in motion in an * annular chamber which contains an aggregate which fixes the bacteriological elements.
• the vortex flow undergone by the effluent in the annular chamber allows a remarkable contact between the granulate and the effluent and consequently an excellent and rapid fixation of bacteria. BOD reduction reaches more than 95%.
• annular chambers each communicating with the one adjacent to it, by a conduit.
• Each of the annular chambers contains an aggregate having a property of fixing specific bacteria so that the successive passage through the four chambers achieves a remarkable biological treatment of the effluent.
• a recovery pump sucks the clarified effluent from the upper annular chamber and reinjects it towards the lower chambers.
• This recovery pump maintains a regular annular speed of the effluent in which the aggregate is in suspension.
• the storage tank, the clarification tank, the flocculation tank and the annular chambers are made of plastic.
• FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the device according to the invention
• Figure 2 shows the effluent purification device according to the invention integrated in a treatment installation.
• Figure 3 shows an alternative embodiment of the invention intended to provide drinking water in isolated sites.
• the effluent purification device comprises a cylindrical storage tank 1.
• a cylindrical clarification tank 2 is arranged concentrically inside the tank 1.
• the clarification tank 2 has, in its upper part, circular openings 3 calibrated regularly distributed and has, in its lower part, a frustoconical section 4.
• the concentric tanks 1 and 2 are joined by an annular platform 5 on which rests a filter material 8.
• the annular platform 5 is pierced with openings 6 regularly distributed.
• the openings 6 are each surmounted by a strainer 7.
• a flocculation tank 12 is placed inside the tank 2.
• the tank 12 consists of a frustoconical upper part 13, of section decreasing downwards, extended by a cylindrical lower part 14.
• the flocculation tank 12 is provided, on its underside, with feet 15 which rest on the bottom of the tank 2.
• An extraction duct 17 opens out between the feet 15 of the flocculation tank 12, the extraction being provided by a pump 18.
• An enclosure 20 is arranged on the upper face of the tank 2.
• the enclosure 20 is supplied with effluent to be treated by a pump 21
• a supply conduit 10 brings the effluent to be treated into the enclosure 20, the movement to be carried out being carried out by a pump 21.
• the supply conduit enters the enclosure 20 tangentially, so that the effluent is introduced tangentially into the enclosure with an anti-vortex effect.
• a static mixture 11 is placed on the supply duct upstream of the enclosure 20.
• a vertical supply pipe 25 extends from the enclosure 20 to the cylindrical part 14 of the flocculation tank 12.
• the supply pipe 25 comprises a first tube 26 opening into a second tube 27 of diameter greater than the diameter of the tube 26.
• the tube 26 opens, at its upper end, into the enclosure 20, and its lower end is provided with radial openings 28.
• a semi-spherical element 29 closes the lower end of the tube 26.
• the tube 27 covers the openings 28 of the tube 26 and extends to the cylindrical part of the flocculation tank 12.
• the tank 1 receives, on its outer face, four annular chambers 31, 32, 33, 34 superimposed.
• Each room communicates with the room which is adjacent to it by a conduit 35.
• a pump 36 is provided which sucks in from the bottom of the tank 1 through a conduit 37 and discharges into the lower annular chamber 31.
• a recovery pump 39 sucks in from the upper annular chamber 34 and discharges into the two intermediate chambers 32 and 33.
• An air circuit 38 introduces compressed air into each of the annular chambers 31, 32, 33 and 34 thus than in each of the strainers 7.
• the annular chambers are each equipped with a manhole 41 which allows access to the interior thereof.
• the upper annular chamber 34 extends to the top of the storage tank 1 and is provided with an opening 43 opening onto the outside.
• the effluent to be treated undergoes first a physico-chemical treatment then a bacteriological treatment.
• a reagent is introduced into the effluent upstream of the static mixer, the latter ensuring a very rapid mixing of effluent and reagent.
• the suction of the effluent by the pump 21 is carried out intermittently, for example 15 to 30 seconds of suction then rest time of 15 to 60 seconds, so that the effluent is introduced into the enclosure 20 in a pulsed manner.
• the pump 22 injects the effluent with a coagulating or flocculating reagent.
• These reagents can be ferric chloride, aluminum sulphate or polymers and depend on the type of effluent to be treated.
• the action of pumps 22 and 23 corresponds to an effluent pulsation period.
• the openings 28 made in the upper tube 26 of the conduit make it possible to homogenize the effluent / reagent solution.
• the effluent is brought into contact with a bed of sludge made up of flocs.
• the flocs are suspended by the pulsations which animate the effluent.
• organic or mineral pollutants aggregate on these flocs and as it passes through the sludge blanket, the effluent clarifies.
• the introduction of flocculating reagent by the pump 24 makes it possible to intensify the flocculation.
• the excess sludge pours out of the flocculation tank and collects in the center of the frustoconical part 4 of the clarification tank 2. They are extracted by the pump 18.
• the clarified effluent being of a lower density than the flocs forming the sludge bed, it pours out of the clarification tank through the openings 3 formed therein.
• the clarified effluent pours into the lower part of the storage tank 1 which surrounds the clarification tank, passing through the filtering mass 8.
• This filtering mass can consist of quartz, pozzolan, activated carbon, diatom or pumice grains and makes it possible to reduce the residual charge of the effluent at the outlet of clarification.
• the filter mass can be washed by the counter-current introduction of a mixture of water and air through the nozzles 9.
• the introduction of this mixture is carried out, simultaneously and at equal volume, upon extraction excess sludge by the pump 18 so as not to disturb the clarification dynamics.
• the effluent has undergone physicochemical treatment and is therefore clear. It is stored in the lower part of the storage tank.
• the effluent is then sucked by the pump 36 and is discharged, after having been added with air, into the annular chamber 31 tangentially, so as to create a vortex flow inside this chamber.
• the chamber 31 contains an aggregate which fixes the bacteria present in the effluent. Inside the annular chamber, the granulate is suspended and undergoes agitation under the effect of the vortex flow. This suspension and this agitation of the aggregate allow a remarkable fixation of the bacteriological pollutants present in the effluent.
• the pump 39 sucks the effluent towards the annular chambers 32, 33 and 34 which communicate via the conduits 35. It maintains, in the latter, a constant speed by reinjecting the effluent sucked into the upper chamber 34 in the intermediate chambers 32 and 33.
• Each of the chambers 31, 32 and 33 contains a specific granulate (activated carbon, sand or calibrated polystyrene beads) having an action on a specific bacterium, so that when the effluent is extracted from the annular chamber 34 by opening 43 it underwent a complete bacteriological treatment.
• the effluent can undergo a subsequent treatment, for example the addition of disinfectant product represented by the reference 45 in FIG. 2.
• FIG. 3 represents an embodiment of the invention intended to provide drinking water in isolated sites.
• the device according to the invention is powered by a hand pump 50.
• the tank 2 is divided by two horizontal walls 51 and 52 which define an upper part 47, an intermediate part 48 and a lower part 49.
• the upper part has an enclosure 20 into which a conduit 25 opens through an opening in the wall 52.
• the supply duct 25 connects the enclosure 20 to the flocculation tank 12 which is located in the lower part of the tank 2.
• the lower end of the duct 25 has a divergent frustoconical section 57.
• the flocculation tank 12 rests on the bottom of the tank 2 and its frustoconical upper part 13 adjoins the internal wall of the tank 2.
• the frustoconical part 13 of the flocculation tank is pierced with discharge openings 55.
• the wall 51 is pierced with a circular opening to which is connected a discharge pipe 56 concentric with the supply pipe 25.
• the discharge conduit 56 has radial discharge openings 59 at its upper end and ends in a filtration tank 60 filled with a filtering material such as sand.
• a pipe 66 makes it possible to fill the tank 60 with filtering material.
• the bottom of the filtration tank 60 is provided with openings 61 protected by strainers 62.
• Each strainer 62 is provided with a cleaning nozzle 65 connected to the pump 50.
• Each of the upper, intermediate and lower parts of the tank 2 is provided with a drain valve 61, 62, 63.
• the hand pump 50 thanks to a manual three-way valve
• This pump can suck a fluid coming from a drilling 68 or coming from the intermediate part of the tank 2.
• This pump delivers, by means of a three-way manual valve 68, into the upper part of the tank 2 or into a conduit 70 which supplies the cleaning nozzles 65.
• valves 67 and 68 are oriented so as to suck non-potable water from a borehole 68 and to discharge this water into the upper part of the tank 2.
• a flocculating or coagulating reagent is introduced into the enclosure 20 by a pump, not shown.
• the water is brought into contact with a bed of sludge made up of flocs.
• the divergent frustoconical section of the supply duct 25 allows excellent dispersion of the water in the sludge blanket. The water therefore clarifies on contact with the fluidized sludge bed.
• the excess sludge is discharged from the flocculation tank 12 through the openings 55 and is discharged into the bottom of the tank 2. This sludge can be extracted by the valve 63.
• the clarified water escapes from the lower part 49 through the evacuation duct 56 and pours out via the openings 59 in the filtration tank 60.
• the tank being filled with a filter material such as sand, the clarified water undergoes a filtration operation.
• the water leaves the tank 60 through the openings 61 protected by the strainer 62 and is stored in the intermediate part 48. The water can be drawn off through the valve 62 to be consumed.
• the water can also undergo a second clarification cycle by orienting the valves 67 and 68 so that the pump 50 sucks, at the level of the intermediate part 48, water having undergone a first clarification cycle and discharges this water. at the level of the upper part 47 to undergo a new clarification cycle.
• the valves 67 and 68 can, moreover, be oriented so that water is sucked in at the intermediate portion 49 and is discharged through the conduit 70 into the cleaning nozzles 65.
• the cleaning nozzles 65 open into the strainers 62 and the water sent against the current cleans the filtering medium. During this operation, the valve 63 is open.
• the invention thus provides a particularly compact effluent purification device and an economical acquisition cost while having excellent physicochemical and bacteriological purification capacities.
• this purification device can be implemented in the form of a module integrating the control electronics of the various pumps and resting on a transportable platform.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
• Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

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• 2000
  • 2000-06-15 FR FR0007642A patent/FR2810310B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2001
  • 2001-06-12 EP EP01945403A patent/EP1292542A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 2001-06-12 BR BR0111568-5A patent/BR0111568A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2001-06-12 WO PCT/FR2001/001817 patent/WO2001096246A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2001-06-12 CN CN01812942A patent/CN1443139A/zh active Pending
  • 2001-06-12 CA CA002412487A patent/CA2412487A1/fr not_active Abandoned
  • 2001-06-12 AU AU2001267632A patent/AU2001267632A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2001-06-12 US US10/311,572 patent/US20040025961A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2001-06-12 AP APAP/P/2002/002686A patent/AP2002002686A0/en unknown
  • 2001-06-12 JP JP2002510393A patent/JP2004503368A/ja active Pending
  • 2001-06-12 EA EA200300022A patent/EA004018B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2001-06-12 KR KR1020027017191A patent/KR20030009539A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
• 2002
  • 2002-12-16 MA MA26956A patent/MA26049A1/fr unknown
  • 2002-12-17 ZA ZA200210208A patent/ZA200210208B/en unknown

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