EP1290780A2 - Method for boosting the output voltage of a variable frequency drive - Google Patents
Method for boosting the output voltage of a variable frequency driveInfo
- Publication number
- EP1290780A2 EP1290780A2 EP01935337A EP01935337A EP1290780A2 EP 1290780 A2 EP1290780 A2 EP 1290780A2 EP 01935337 A EP01935337 A EP 01935337A EP 01935337 A EP01935337 A EP 01935337A EP 1290780 A2 EP1290780 A2 EP 1290780A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- inverter
- output
- filter
- output voltage
- voltage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B47/00—Pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for raising fluids from great depths, e.g. well pumps
- F04B47/06—Pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for raising fluids from great depths, e.g. well pumps having motor-pump units situated at great depth
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
- E21B43/121—Lifting well fluids
- E21B43/128—Adaptation of pump systems with down-hole electric drives
Definitions
- the present invention is directed, in general, to power systems for subterranean bore hole equipment and, more specifically, to boosting the output of variable frequency drives employed to power electrical submersible pumps within well bores.
- Electrical power is frequently transmitted to subterranean locations within boreholes to power downhole equipment, such as electrical submersible pumps (ESPs) .
- ESPs electrical submersible pumps
- Normally three phase electrical power is transmitted from the surface over cables running between the well casing and the production tubing.
- step-up transformers at the output of the drive are utilized to boost the voltage of. power transmitted downhole. Step-up transformers add to the expense of the system, however, and add additional sources of failure or disturbance to the electrical system.
- a sine wave filter including an ' inductor for each phase (three inductors) and three delta- or Y-connected capacitors.
- the sine wave filter is coupled within a three phase power system at the surface, between the output of a variable frequency drive and a three phase power cable transmitting power to a borehole location to boost the output voltage of the drive.
- the sine wave filter is designed to have a resonant frequency higher than the maximum operational frequency of the drive, and a Q such that, at the maximum operational frequency of the drive, the filter provides a voltage gain equal to the ratio of the desired voltage to the drive's maximum output power at the maximum operational frequency.
- the sine wave filter also smooths the voltage waveform of a pulse width modulated variable frequency drive.
- FIGURE 1 depicts a three phase electrical power system employed to power downhole equipment according to one embodiment of the present invention
- FIGURES 2A-2B illustrate in greater detail circuit diagrams for sine wave filters employed within a three phase electrical power system for downhole equipment according to one embodiment of the present invention
- FIGURE 3 depicts a plot of gain versus frequency for a sine wave filter employed within a three phase electrical power system according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGURES 1 through 3 discussed below, and the various embodiment used to describe the principles of the present invention in this patent document are by way of illustration only and should not be construed in any way to limit the scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art will understand that the principles of the present invention may be implemented in any suitably arranged device.
- FIGURE 1 depicts a three phase electrical power system employed to power downhole equipment according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- the electrical power system 102 located at the surface of a borehole is coupled to a motor and pump 104 adapted for use within a borehole and disposed within the borehole by connection to tubing lowered within the well casing.
- Motor and pump assembly 104 includes an electrical submersible pump (ESP) in the exemplary embodiment, which may be of the type disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,845,709, coupled to an induction motor.
- the induction motor drives the ESP and is powered by three phase power transmitted over three phase transmission cable 106 electrically coupling motor and pump assembly 104 to a surface power system including generator 108 and drive 110.
- ESP electrical submersible pump
- Three phase transmission cable 106 include separate conductors for each electrical power phase and transmits power from the surface power system including generator 108, which produces three phase power, coupled to variable frequency drive (VFD) 110, designed to provide the appropriate voltage waveform at a selected frequency within a defined operating frequency range for powering motor and pump assembly 104.
- VFD variable frequency drive
- variable frequency drive 110 is a pulse width modulated (PWM) drive operationally regulated by a controller 112.
- Controller 112 for drive 110 changes the output frequency of drive llo by altering the width of pulses forming the output voltage in accordance with the known art.
- Other suitable existing power electronics inverters may be employed for drive 110.
- drive 110 may have a maximum output voltage (anywhere within the operating frequency range) which is lower than a voltage required for powering motor and pump assembly 104 disposed within the borehole.
- Drive 110 may be a low voltage drive having a maximum output voltage of only 480 volts (V), for example, while motor and pump assembly 104 may include a medium voltage motor requiring 1,000 V to 4,000 V at the surface. (Surface voltages are referenced since the cable 106, which may be thousands of feet long, will cause significant attenuation between the surface voltage and the voltage at the motor downhole.)
- drive 110 may have a maximum output voltage of 4,160 V, while a surface voltage of 5,000 V is requires to power motor and pump assembly 104.
- a sine wave filter 114 is coupled within the three phase power system 102 between the output of drive 110 and three phase cable 106 carrying power into the borehole.
- the sine wave filter 114 is preferably located at the surface, alternatively the sine wave filter may located downhole proximate to the motor, in which case the parameters of interest are the received input voltage at the input of the sine wave filter 114 received from the surface and the required motor voltage.
- FIGURES 2A and 2B illustrate in greater detail circuit diagrams for sine wave filters employed within a three phase electrical power system for downhole equipment according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- Sine wave filter 114a depicted in FIGURE 2A includes three inductors L A , L B , and L c each serially connected within a phase A, B and C, respectively, of the three phase power system between the output of the variable frequency drive and the three phase power cable 106 transmitting the power downhole.
- Sine wave filter 114a also includes three delta- connected capacitors C AB , C BC , and C AC between phases A and B, between phases B and C, and between phases A and C, respectively, of the three phase power system.
- Sine wave filter 114a depicted in FIGURE 2B also includes three inductors L A , L B , and L c each serially connected within a phase A, B and C, respectively, of the three phase power system, but contains three Y-connected capacitors C A , C B , and C c connected within phases A, B and C of the three phase power system, between the respectively phase and a common or neutral point.- In either implementation (114a in FIGURE 2A or 114b in
- inductors L A , L B , and L c each have the same inductance L, and either capacitors C AB , C BC , and C AC or capacitors C ⁇ _, C B , and C c each have the same capacitance C (although the capacitance C of, for example, C A is not necessarily the same as capacitance C of C AB ) .
- the inductance L and capacitance C are selected to provide a filter voltage gain for three phase power at a maximum operational frequency of the variable frequency drive which is preferably equal to the ratio of the desired voltage for powering downhole equipment, to the maximum output voltage of the drive.
- FIGURE 3 depicts a plot of gain versus frequency for a sine wave filter employed within a three phase electrical power system according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- the sine wave filter 114a or 114b is tuned to have a resonant frequency f o which is offset from (higher than) the maximum operational frequency f ma ⁇ of the variable frequency drive.
- the resonant frequency of the filter may be determined from:
- the sine wave filter is also designed to have a quality factor Q, when excited by three phase power, which is greater than one.
- the quality factor Q may be determined from:
- the sine wave filter quality Q represents the gain of the filter at resonance, and thus the sine wave filter is capable of boosting the output voltage of the variable frequency drive by a factor equal to—or nearly equal to—the filter Q at the resonant frequency.
- the sine wave filter is designed to have a resonant frequency offset from (and preferably higher than) maximum operating frequency of the variable frequency drive, on a portion of the frequency-dependent gain curve for the filter which is sufficiently gradual to permit voltage regulation (i.e., preferably within the range of voltage variances supported by the drive) .
- the sine wave filter may be tuned to have a resonant frequency within the range of 90 Hz to 200 Hz, or more likely within the range of 90 Hz to 120 Hz.
- the filter is preferably always tuned for a resonant frequency higher than the drive' s maximum operating frequency due to the need for a positive volts-per-Hertz ratio.
- the filter is preferably designed to provide a maximum gain G max at the maximum operating frequency f ma ⁇ of the drive.
- the maximum gain G max is preferably equal to the ratio of the desired or required (surface) voltage to the maximum output voltage of the drive.
- the sine wave filter would be designed to have a gain at the maximum operational frequency of the drive (e.g., 80 Hz) equal to 5,000/4,160, or about 1.2.
- the sine wave filter 114 will also have a minimum gain G m i n at the minimum operational frequency f m i n of the drive. It would be desirable, but is not necessary, for the minimum gain G m ⁇ n to be greater than one.
- the inductances and capacitances required to obtain a desired resonant frequency fo, and/or maximum gain G max at the maximum operating frequency f max of a particular generator/drive configuration, for the sine wave filter 114 may be determined utilizing existing electrical simulation programs. Referring back to FIGURE 1, when excited by the output of drive 110 (utilizing power received from generator 108) filter 114 will (at least partially) resonate at the output frequency of drive 110, thus increasing the output voltage of filter 114 over the output voltage of drive 114 by a factor equal to the gain G of the filter 114 at the output frequency of drive 110. By tuning filter 114 to a resonant frequency above the maximum output frequency f max of drive 110, the voltage boost provided by filter 114 will follow the output frequency of drive 110.
- Controller 112 may thus monitor and regulate the output voltage of filter 114, altering the output voltage of filter 114 by controlling the output voltage and/or the output frequency of drive 110.
- sine wave filter 114 has the additional benefit of smoothing the voltage output of drive 110 into a very sinusoidal signal.
- smoothing of the power signal prevent problems from resonant frequencies and reflected waves, in addition to boosting the output voltage of • the drive 110.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
- Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US20379200P | 2000-05-12 | 2000-05-12 | |
US203792P | 2000-05-12 | ||
US20481800P | 2000-05-17 | 2000-05-17 | |
US204818P | 2000-05-17 | ||
PCT/US2001/015249 WO2001089068A2 (en) | 2000-05-12 | 2001-05-11 | Method for boosting the output voltage of a variable frequency drive |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1290780A2 true EP1290780A2 (en) | 2003-03-12 |
EP1290780B1 EP1290780B1 (en) | 2009-09-09 |
Family
ID=26898909
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP01935337A Expired - Lifetime EP1290780B1 (en) | 2000-05-12 | 2001-05-11 | Method for boosting the output voltage of a variable frequency drive |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1290780B1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2001261440A1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2408795C (en) |
DE (1) | DE60139865D1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2001089068A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20160036450A1 (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2016-02-04 | Innovus Power, Inc. | Method of optimizing dispatch of variable speed engine-generator sets |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4541041A (en) * | 1983-08-22 | 1985-09-10 | General Electric Company | Full load to no-load control for a voltage fed resonant inverter |
US4928771A (en) * | 1989-07-25 | 1990-05-29 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Cable suspended pumping system |
US4969076A (en) * | 1989-08-14 | 1990-11-06 | General Electric Company | Load compensating gain control for a series resonant inverter |
US5208738A (en) * | 1990-12-13 | 1993-05-04 | Northern Telecom Limited | Constant frequency resonant DC/DC converter |
-
2001
- 2001-05-11 WO PCT/US2001/015249 patent/WO2001089068A2/en active Application Filing
- 2001-05-11 EP EP01935337A patent/EP1290780B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-05-11 AU AU2001261440A patent/AU2001261440A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-05-11 DE DE60139865T patent/DE60139865D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-05-11 CA CA002408795A patent/CA2408795C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO0189068A3 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2001261440A1 (en) | 2001-11-26 |
DE60139865D1 (en) | 2009-10-22 |
EP1290780B1 (en) | 2009-09-09 |
CA2408795C (en) | 2005-11-22 |
WO2001089068A2 (en) | 2001-11-22 |
WO2001089068A3 (en) | 2002-03-14 |
CA2408795A1 (en) | 2001-11-22 |
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