EP1287977B1 - Process and apparatus for minimizing the spread of maximum pressing forces in a powder press - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for minimizing the spread of maximum pressing forces in a powder press Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1287977B1
EP1287977B1 EP02017261A EP02017261A EP1287977B1 EP 1287977 B1 EP1287977 B1 EP 1287977B1 EP 02017261 A EP02017261 A EP 02017261A EP 02017261 A EP02017261 A EP 02017261A EP 1287977 B1 EP1287977 B1 EP 1287977B1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
filling
specified
filling shoe
powder
standard deviation
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP02017261A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1287977A3 (en
EP1287977A2 (en
Inventor
Jürgen Hinzpeter
Ulrich Zeuschner
Ingo Schmidt
Thomas Pannewitz
Udo Baltruschat
Thorsten Ehrich
Ulf Hauschild
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Fette GmbH
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Fette GmbH
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Publication of EP1287977A3 publication Critical patent/EP1287977A3/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/004—Filling molds with powder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/005—Control arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/02—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space
    • B30B11/022—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space whereby the material is subjected to vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/16—Control arrangements for fluid-driven presses
    • B30B15/22—Control arrangements for fluid-driven presses controlling the degree of pressure applied by the ram during the pressing stroke
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/30—Feeding material to presses
    • B30B15/302—Feeding material in particulate or plastic state to moulding presses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for minimizing the dispersion of the maximum pressing forces during the pressing of powder by means of a powder press according to claim 1.
  • Accurate metering is accomplished by subsequently raising the lower punch by a predetermined amount, whereafter stripping over the die plate surface of excess powder is removed. Subsequently, the powder is pressed together with the help of the upper punch, wherein the lower punch can be adjusted accordingly.
  • the powder material is as homogeneous as possible in its density. It is off DE 199 03 417 A1 also known to improve the homogeneity in that the filling shoe is operated in a predetermined manner, for example, during the forward and return stroke with different Speeds. It is also known not only to move the filling shoe linearly in one direction back and forth over the die bore, but to superimpose at least one sideward movement of this movement. Finally, it is known from this prior art to vibrate filling shoe and die plate with the aid of a suitable vibrator device of predetermined frequency and amplitude in order to improve the homogeneity of the powder in the die bore. Alternatively, lower and upper punches can be shaken, in particular during the filling process and at the beginning of the pressing process.
  • the compacts In the production of compacts according to the described method is also essential that the compacts have approximately the same density. For this purpose, it is necessary that the maximum pressing pressure achieved in the final position, for example, of the upper punch, remains as constant as possible. However, the pressing pressure is dependent on different circumstances. Naturally, a change in the filling quantity results in a different maximum pressing pressure. A different pressing pressure also occurs when the distribution of the powder is not homogeneous.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method and apparatus for minimizing the dispersion of the maximum compressive forces during the compression of powder in powder presses, which can be carried out completely automatically.
  • the frequency distribution of the press force values is determined from time to time and from this the standard deviation.
  • the standard deviation is known to lie between the inflection points of the Gaussian distribution curve. If the determined standard deviation deviates from a predefined minimum deviation, a change of at least one parameter of the pressing process is changed according to the invention.
  • the jogging parameters can be changed, the path of the filling shoe, the speed of the filling shoe or the time course of the speed during the forward and backward stroke, etc.
  • individual or combinations of parameters can be changed.
  • the standard deviation is always determined anew and it can be determined whether it is smaller, it is possible in this way to obtain a minimization of the standard deviation.
  • the operation of the powder press or the pressing process can be fully automated and minimizing the standard deviation can be achieved within a very short time.
  • it is also possible to achieve a minimization of the standard deviation in the case of other changes in the pressing process for example in the case of another powder material, or in the case of a change in the maximum pressing force or the like.
  • An accompanying drawing sheet shows a Gaussian distribution curve for the maximum pressing force of a powder press.
  • X is the mean given the maximum pressing force, with s the standard deviation at the inflection point of the distribution curve and with R the span. It is understood that s is minimal in order to obtain reproducibly uniform compacts. On the other hand, it is not possible to let the standard deviation go to zero.
  • the device provides a controller for controlling the powder press, which also controls means for shaking the different components involved in the pressing process and for controlling the drive for the filling shoe and its path during movement on the die plate.
  • a store is provided in which the respective measured maximum press force values, the respective parameters for the actuation of the filling shoe and / or the frequencies and amplitudes for the vibrator are stored.
  • a computer stage is provided in which the frequency distribution of the maximum press force values read from the memory and the standard deviation are determined.
  • a program stage in which a scheme for different parameter values for the operation of the filling shoe and / or the frequencies of the vibrator are stored and a predetermined sequence of these data or the combination of these data such that the program level in the sequence the predetermined changes until the standard deviation reaches a predetermined value or a minimum.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Control Of Presses (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

Process for minimizing the scattering of maximum pressing forces during pressing of a metal powder using a powder press comprises: (a) acquiring the distribution of the maximum pressing force values in intervals; (b) comparing the standard deviation for the maximum pressing forces with a prescribed value; and (c) changing the vibration parameter, filling time and course of the filling device according to a prescribed program until the standard deviation reaches a prescribed value and/or a minimum. An Independent claim is also included for a device for controlling the powder press.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Minimierung der Streuung der maximalen Presskräfte beim Verpressen von Pulver mit Hilfe einer Pulverpresse nach dem Patentanspruch 1.The invention relates to a method for minimizing the dispersion of the maximum pressing forces during the pressing of powder by means of a powder press according to claim 1.

Es ist etwa aus DE 199 03 417 A1 bekannt, Metallpulver und auch Pulver aus anderem Material zu Presslingen zu verpressen, um den Pressling anschließend zu sintern. Besonders Werkzeuge aus Hartmetall werden im Sinterverfahren hergestellt, z.B. Wendeschneidplatten zum Fräsen. Pulverpressen arbeiten entweder als Exzenterpressen oder als hydraulische Pressen. Hydraulische Pressen sind bevorzugt, da die hydraulischen Pressenzylinder besser im Hinblick auf den Druck und den Weg gesteuert werden können. Bei einer hydraulischen Presse ist jeweils ein oberer und ein unterer Pressenzylinder mit dem Ober- und Unterstempel verbunden, die einer Matrizenbohrung zugeordnet sind. Das Pulver wird bei in die Matrizenbohrung eingefahrenem Unterstempel mit Hilfe eines Füllschuhs eingefüllt. Eine genaue Dosierung erfolgt dadurch, dass der Unterstempel anschließend um einen vorgegebenen Betrag hochgefahren wird, wonach anschließend ein Abstreifen über die Matrizenplattenoberfläche überstehendes Pulver entfernt wird. Anschließend wird mit Hilfe des Oberstempels das Pulver zusammengepresst, wobei der Unterstempel entsprechend verstellt werden kann.It's about out DE 199 03 417 A1 Known to press metal powder and also powders of other material into compacts to then sinter the compact. Carbide tools, in particular, are produced using the sintering process, eg indexable inserts for milling. Powder presses work either as eccentric presses or as hydraulic presses. Hydraulic presses are preferred because the hydraulic press cylinders can be better controlled in terms of pressure and travel. In a hydraulic press in each case an upper and a lower press cylinder is connected to the upper and lower punches, which are assigned to a die bore. The powder is filled with retracted into the die bore lower punch using a filling shoe. Accurate metering is accomplished by subsequently raising the lower punch by a predetermined amount, whereafter stripping over the die plate surface of excess powder is removed. Subsequently, the powder is pressed together with the help of the upper punch, wherein the lower punch can be adjusted accordingly.

Für die Qualität des Presslings ist entscheidend, dass das Pulvermaterial in seiner Dichte möglichst homogen ist. Es ist aus DE 199 03 417 A1 ebenfalls bekannt, die Homogenität dadurch zu verbessern, dass der Füllschuh in vorgegebener Weise betätigt wird, beispielsweise beim Vor- und Rückhub mit unterschiedlichen Geschwindigkeiten. Ferner ist daraus bekannt, den Füllschuh nicht nur linear in einer Richtung hin und her über die Matrizenbohrung zu bewegen, sondern dieser Bewegung mindestens eine Seitwärtsbewegung zu überlagern. Schließlich ist aus diesem Stand der Technik bekannt, Füllschuh und Matrizenplatte mit Hilfe einer geeigneten Rüttelvorrichtung mit vorgegebener Frequenz und Amplitude in Schwingungen zu versetzen, um die Homogenität des Pulvers in der Matrizenbohrung zu verbessern. Alternativ können Unter- und Oberstempel gerüttelt werden, insbesondere während des Einfüllvorgangs und zu Beginn des Pressvorgangs.For the quality of the compact it is crucial that the powder material is as homogeneous as possible in its density. It is off DE 199 03 417 A1 also known to improve the homogeneity in that the filling shoe is operated in a predetermined manner, for example, during the forward and return stroke with different Speeds. It is also known not only to move the filling shoe linearly in one direction back and forth over the die bore, but to superimpose at least one sideward movement of this movement. Finally, it is known from this prior art to vibrate filling shoe and die plate with the aid of a suitable vibrator device of predetermined frequency and amplitude in order to improve the homogeneity of the powder in the die bore. Alternatively, lower and upper punches can be shaken, in particular during the filling process and at the beginning of the pressing process.

Bei Presslingen, die in Achsrichtung eine unterschiedliche Breitenausdehnung aufweisen, muss dafür gesorgt werden, dass die Stempel nicht gegen eine Kante fahren und dadurch beschädigt werden. Auch die Matrizenbohrung wird naturgemäß dadurch beschädigt. Daher ist auch bekannt, den Stempeln Wegmessgeber zuzuordnen, die sicherstellen, dass die Stempel auf vorgegebene Positionen gefahren werden können.In the case of compacts having a different width dimension in the axial direction, it must be ensured that the punches do not run against an edge and are thereby damaged. The die hole is naturally damaged by it. It is therefore also known to assign position encoders to the punches, which ensure that the punches can be moved to predetermined positions.

Bei der Herstellung von Presslingen nach dem beschriebenen Verfahren ist ferner wesentlich, dass die Presslinge annähernd gleiche Dichte aufweisen. Hierzu ist erforderlich, dass der maximale Pressdruck, der in der Endposition zum Beispiel des Oberstempels erzielt wird, möglichst gleich bleibt. Der Pressdruck ist jedoch von unterschiedlichen Gegebenheiten abhängig. Bei Änderungen in der Befüllmenge stellt sich naturgemäß ein unterschiedlicher maximaler Pressdruck ein. Ein unterschiedlicher Pressdruck stellt sich auch ein, wenn die Verteilung des Pulvers nicht homogen ist.In the production of compacts according to the described method is also essential that the compacts have approximately the same density. For this purpose, it is necessary that the maximum pressing pressure achieved in the final position, for example, of the upper punch, remains as constant as possible. However, the pressing pressure is dependent on different circumstances. Naturally, a change in the filling quantity results in a different maximum pressing pressure. A different pressing pressure also occurs when the distribution of the powder is not homogeneous.

Es ist ferner bekannt, zwischen Pressenzylinder und Stempel eine Kraftmessdose anzuordnen, mit der die jeweilige maximale Presskaft aufgezeichnet werden kann. Im Betrieb muss dann dafür gesorgt werden, dass bei einer zu großen Abweichung der maximalen Presskraft von einem vorgegebenen Wert durch Änderung bestimmter Parameter eine Annäherung an die gewünschte Presskraft erhalten wird.It is also known to arrange a load cell between press cylinder and punch, with which the respective maximum Presskaft can be recorded. During operation, care must then be taken that, if the maximum pressing force is too great, a predetermined value is obtained by changing certain parameters to approximate the desired pressing force.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Minimierung der Streuung der maximalen Presskräfte beim Verpressen von Pulver in Pulverpressen anzugeben, das vollständig automatisch durchgeführt werden kann.The invention has for its object to provide a method and apparatus for minimizing the dispersion of the maximum compressive forces during the compression of powder in powder presses, which can be carried out completely automatically.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale der Patentansprüche 1 und 2 gelöst.This object is solved by the features of claims 1 and 2.

Naturgemäß ergibt sich für die Werte der maximalen Presskraft bei der Produktion eine Streuung. Erfindungsgemäß wird von Zeit zu Zeit die Häufigkeitsverteilung der Presskraftwerte ermittelt und daraus die Standardabweichung. Die Standardabweichung liegt bekanntlich zwischen den Wendepunkten der Gauß'schen Verteilungskurve. Weicht die ermittelte Standardabweichung von einer vorgegebenen minimalen Abweichung ab, wird erfindungsgemäß eine Änderung mindestens eines Parameters des Pressprozesses geändert. So können zum Beispiel die Rüttelparameter geändert werden, der Wegverlauf des Füllschuhs, die Geschwindigkeit des Füllschuhs bzw. der zeitliche Verlauf der Geschwindigkeit während des Vor- und Rückhubes usw. Nach einem vorgegebenen Programm können einzelne oder Kombinationen von Parametern geändert werden. Da stets von neuem die Standardabweichung ermittelt wird und festgestellt werden kann, ob diese kleiner wird, ist es auf diese Weise möglich, eine Minimierung der Standardabweichung zu erhalten. Auf diese Weise kann der Betrieb der Pulverpresse bzw. der Pressprozess völlig automatisiert und eine Minimierung der Standardabweichung innerhalb kürzester Zeit erreicht werden. So ist es auch möglich, bei sonstigen Änderungen des Pressprozesses, beispielsweise bei einem anderen Pulvermaterial, bei einer Änderung der maximalen Presskraft oder dergleichen ebenfalls eine Minimierung der Standardabweichung zu erzielen.Naturally, the values of the maximum pressing force in the production result in scattering. According to the invention, the frequency distribution of the press force values is determined from time to time and from this the standard deviation. The standard deviation is known to lie between the inflection points of the Gaussian distribution curve. If the determined standard deviation deviates from a predefined minimum deviation, a change of at least one parameter of the pressing process is changed according to the invention. Thus, for example, the jogging parameters can be changed, the path of the filling shoe, the speed of the filling shoe or the time course of the speed during the forward and backward stroke, etc. According to a predetermined program, individual or combinations of parameters can be changed. Since the standard deviation is always determined anew and it can be determined whether it is smaller, it is possible in this way to obtain a minimization of the standard deviation. In this way, the operation of the powder press or the pressing process can be fully automated and minimizing the standard deviation can be achieved within a very short time. Thus, it is also possible to achieve a minimization of the standard deviation in the case of other changes in the pressing process, for example in the case of another powder material, or in the case of a change in the maximum pressing force or the like.

Auf einem anliegenden Zeichnungsblatt ist eine Gauß'sche Verteilungskurve für die maximale Presskraft einer Pulverpresse wiedergegeben. Mit X ist der Mittelwert der maximalen Presskraft angegeben, mit s die Standardabweichung im Wendepunkt der Verteilungskurve und mit R die Spannweite. Es versteht sich, dass s minimal ist, um reproduzierbar gleichmäßige Presslinge zu erhalten. Andererseits ist es nicht möglich, die Standardabweichung gegen Null gehen zu lassen.An accompanying drawing sheet shows a Gaussian distribution curve for the maximum pressing force of a powder press. With X is the mean given the maximum pressing force, with s the standard deviation at the inflection point of the distribution curve and with R the span. It is understood that s is minimal in order to obtain reproducibly uniform compacts. On the other hand, it is not possible to let the standard deviation go to zero.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung sieht eine Steuerung vor zur Steuerung der Pulverpresse, die auch Mittel ansteuert zum Rütteln der unterschiedlichen am Pressprozess beteiligten Bauteile sowie zur Steuerung des Antriebs für den Füllschuh und dessen Weg bei der Bewegung auf der Matrizenplatte. Erfindungsgemäß ist ein Speicher vorgesehen, in dem die jeweiligen gemessenen maximalen Presskraftwerte, die jeweiligen Parameter für die Betätigung des Füllschuhs und/oder die Frequenzen und Amplituden für die Rüttelvorrichtung gespeichert sind. Ferner ist eine Rechnerstufe vorgesehen, in der die Häufigkeitsverteilung der aus dem Speicher ausgelesenen maximalen Presskraftwerte und die Standardabweichung ermittelt werden. Schließlich ist eine Programmstufe vorgesehen, in der ein Schema für unterschiedliche Parameterwerte für die Betätigung des Füllschuhs und/oder die Frequenzen der Rüttelvorrichtung gespeichert sind sowie eine vorgegebene Folge dieser Daten bzw. der Kombination dieser Daten derart, dass die Programmstufe in der Folge die vorgegebenen Änderungen vornimmt, bis die Standardabweichung einen vorgegebenen Wert erreicht bzw. ein Minimum.The device according to the invention provides a controller for controlling the powder press, which also controls means for shaking the different components involved in the pressing process and for controlling the drive for the filling shoe and its path during movement on the die plate. According to the invention, a store is provided in which the respective measured maximum press force values, the respective parameters for the actuation of the filling shoe and / or the frequencies and amplitudes for the vibrator are stored. Furthermore, a computer stage is provided in which the frequency distribution of the maximum press force values read from the memory and the standard deviation are determined. Finally, a program stage is provided in which a scheme for different parameter values for the operation of the filling shoe and / or the frequencies of the vibrator are stored and a predetermined sequence of these data or the combination of these data such that the program level in the sequence the predetermined changes until the standard deviation reaches a predetermined value or a minimum.

Es versteht sich, dass Änderungen bestimmter Daten einen größeren Einfluss auf die Änderung der maximalen Presskraft haben als andere. Daher wird bei einem "Durchspielen" der unterschiedlichen Daten zur Beeinflussung der Standardabweichung darauf Rücksicht genommen und zum Beispiel erst diejenigen Werte einer Änderung unterzogen, die den meisten Einfluss auf die maximale Presskraft haben.It is understood that changes in certain data have a greater impact on changing the maximum pressing force than others. Therefore, a "play through" of the different data to influence the standard deviation is taken into account and, for example, only those values undergo a change that have the most influence on the maximum pressing force.

Bei der Beschreibung der Erfindung wurden nur einige Parameter für den Füllschuh und für die Rüttelvorrichtung erwähnt. Es sind noch andere Parameter denkbar, die auf den Füllprozess bzw. den Pressenvorgang Einfluss nehmen und die willkürlich veränderbar sind. Diese sollen durch die beschriebene Erfindung gleichermaßen erfasst sein.In describing the invention, only a few parameters have been mentioned for the filling shoe and for the vibrating device. There are still other parameters conceivable that affect the filling process or the pressing process and are arbitrarily changeable. These should be equally covered by the described invention.

Claims (2)

  1. Process for minimizing the spread of maximum pressing forces during the pressing of powder, in particular metal powder, with the help of a powder press, which has a matrix plate, an upper stamp and at least one lower stamp, which are assigned to a matrix bore hole and each of which can be actuated by a hydraulic press cylinder and a filling shoe that can be moved along a specified path for the filling of the matrix bore hole with the powder, in which the maximum pressing force at least of the upper stamp is measured when a specified position is reached, the filling shoe, the matrix plate, upper and/or lower stamp are agitated at a specified frequency and amplitude during the filling and/or at the beginning of the pressing process and for which the filling time or the temporal movement progression of the filling shoe is also specified, characterized in that the frequency distribution of the maximum pressing force values is determined in intervals and from it the standard deviation for the maximum pressing force, if applicable the standard deviation is compared with a specified value, the agitation parameters, the filling time, the temporal movement progression and/or the path progression of the filling shoe are changed in accordance with a specified program until the standard deviation has reached the specified value or a minimum.
  2. Apparatus for controlling a powder press, which has a matrix plate, an upper and at least one lower stamp, which are assigned to a matrix bore hole and each of which can be actuated by a hydraulic pressing cylinder and a filling shoe, which is moved by means of a filling shoe drive along a specified changeable path on a matrix plate for the filling of the matrix bore hole with powder, which also has a force measuring device, which at least measures the force on the upper stamp, a path measuring device for at least the upper stamp, an agitation device with changeable frequency and amplitude for the filling shoe, the matrix plate, the lower stamp and/or the upper stamp, wherein the control apparatus contains a program, which specifies the path of the filling shoe, the temporal progression of the movement of the filling shoe and/or the agitation frequency, characterized in that a memory is provided, in which the respective maximum pressing force values, the respective parameters for the actuation of the filling shoe and/or the frequency and amplitude for the agitation device are saved, also a calculation stage is provided, in which frequency distribution of the maximum pressing force values and the standard deviation read from the memory are determined and if applicable compared with a specified value, a program stage is also provided, in which a schema for different parameters for the actuation of the filling shoe and/or the frequency and amplitude of the agitation device are saved, and a specified order of combinations of saved data such that the program stage performs the specified changes until the standard deviation has reached a specified value or a minimum.
EP02017261A 2001-08-31 2002-08-01 Process and apparatus for minimizing the spread of maximum pressing forces in a powder press Expired - Lifetime EP1287977B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE10142623A DE10142623C2 (en) 2001-08-31 2001-08-31 Method and device for minimizing the spread of the maximum pressing forces in a powder press
DE10142623 2001-08-31

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EP1287977A2 EP1287977A2 (en) 2003-03-05
EP1287977A3 EP1287977A3 (en) 2004-01-28
EP1287977B1 true EP1287977B1 (en) 2008-03-12

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US (1) US7147820B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1287977B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE388809T1 (en)
DE (2) DE10142623C2 (en)
ES (1) ES2304236T3 (en)

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JP6402615B2 (en) * 2013-12-24 2018-10-10 信越化学工業株式会社 Manufacturing method and forming apparatus of rare earth sintered magnet
JP6281482B2 (en) * 2013-12-24 2018-02-21 信越化学工業株式会社 Manufacturing method and forming apparatus of rare earth sintered magnet

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DE19903417B4 (en) * 1999-01-29 2007-03-29 Wilhelm Fette Gmbh Method for filling a hydraulic press with powders
US6432158B1 (en) * 1999-10-25 2002-08-13 Sumitomo Special Metals Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for producing compact of rare earth alloy powder and rare earth magnet
DE19955196A1 (en) * 1999-11-16 2001-05-23 Korsch Pressen Ag Method to maintain breaking resistance of e.g. washing powder tablets etc. with constant automatic adaptation of dosing resp. compacting rollers to compensate for charging variations
KR20010086905A (en) * 2000-03-04 2001-09-15 김영정 Biaxial press molding system

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DE10142623C2 (en) 2003-11-06
DE10142623A1 (en) 2003-04-03
DE50211876D1 (en) 2008-04-24
ATE388809T1 (en) 2008-03-15
EP1287977A3 (en) 2004-01-28
US7147820B2 (en) 2006-12-12
EP1287977A2 (en) 2003-03-05
ES2304236T3 (en) 2008-10-01
US20030047089A1 (en) 2003-03-13

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