EP1259455B1 - Hoisting gear - Google Patents

Hoisting gear Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1259455B1
EP1259455B1 EP01916995A EP01916995A EP1259455B1 EP 1259455 B1 EP1259455 B1 EP 1259455B1 EP 01916995 A EP01916995 A EP 01916995A EP 01916995 A EP01916995 A EP 01916995A EP 1259455 B1 EP1259455 B1 EP 1259455B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drum
rotary drive
shaft
gearbox
input
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01916995A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1259455A2 (en
Inventor
Peter Heinrichs
Albrecht Heinrichs
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Mhwirth GmbH
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Wirth Maschinen und Bohrgeraete Fabrik GmbH
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
    • E21B19/008—Winding units, specially adapted for drilling operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/02—Driving gear
    • B66D1/14—Power transmissions between power sources and drums or barrels
    • B66D1/22—Planetary or differential gearings, i.e. with planet gears having movable axes of rotation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/54—Safety gear
    • B66D1/58—Safety gear responsive to excess of load
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D5/00—Braking or detent devices characterised by application to lifting or hoisting gear, e.g. for controlling the lowering of loads
    • B66D5/02—Crane, lift hoist, or winch brakes operating on drums, barrels, or ropes
    • B66D5/12—Crane, lift hoist, or winch brakes operating on drums, barrels, or ropes with axial effect
    • B66D5/14—Crane, lift hoist, or winch brakes operating on drums, barrels, or ropes with axial effect embodying discs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a Hebewerk the preamble of the claim 1 corresponding type.
  • Such elevators are used for draining and catching up a load, in particular a drilling device, for example, from a platform in a Borehole or to the seabed. They have a flexible traction device, one end of which is attached to the drilling device. The other end the traction means is attached to a rotatably mounted winding drum, with the traction means can be wound up and unwound.
  • At least one rotary drive device intended is at least one rotary drive device intended.
  • the latter regularly includes a DC motor.
  • This geared lift is - in contrast to the chain hoist - a "Four-quadrant operation" possible without this being the unwanted Force peaks in the traction means leads.
  • the drive motors can be used immediately to brake the drum rotation, by the possibility of direct feed of the recovered by the braking process electrical energy can be achieved a significant energy saving.
  • the mechanical disc brake device comes only considerably less often than the chain hoist used, which on the one hand their wear and wear-related downtime of the elevator, on the other hand, the regularly occurring in mechanical braking devices Noise disturbances are reduced to a minimum.
  • the invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a hoist, with a four-quadrant operation is possible, which is DC-powered and whose length is reduced.
  • the at least one rotary drive device based on the Rotary axis of the drum is arranged next to the same, such that the Drum and the rotary drive device in a projection perpendicular to At least partially cover the axis of rotation of the drum, the reduced Length of the lift considerably.
  • the length of the elevator is thus in the mainly through the drum and in the direction of the drum axis. or downstream units determined.
  • the elevator To increase the transferable to the drum shaft torques and the Achievement of emergency running features, the elevator according to the invention a second rotary drive device with Rotationsantciebsmotor and Manual transmission, up.
  • the drive shaft of the rotary drive motor and the input and Output shaft of the gearbox of the second rotary drive device a common line arranged lying with the axis of rotation of the Output shaft of the gearbox of the first rotary drive assembly coincides.
  • the output shafts are both directly to the input side of the gear unit coupled, which can be structurally implemented by that with the same transmission input are operatively connected.
  • the elevator according to the invention are the drive shaft of the rotary drive motor and the input and Output shafts of the gearbox lying on a common line arranged. A deflection of the drive torques, which increased one Effort and drive losses would mean is thereby avoided.
  • the drum is preferably rotationally fixed with a rotatably mounted Drum shaft connected.
  • the drum shaft is then preferred with the output side of a Gear unit connected, whose input side to the output shaft of Gearbox is coupled.
  • the gear unit is preferably a gear transmission, the Entfemungsüberbrückung between the output shaft of the gearbox and Drum shaft has an intermediate.
  • the mechanically acting braking device is preferably a Disc brake, the electromagnetically acting braking device a Eddy current brake.
  • the manual transmission are preferably with a Safety device equipped, which exceeds a maximum permissible torque at the input shaft, the gearbox automatically in the Gear of the largest ratio of the speed of the input shaft to the speed the output shaft switches.
  • the elevator designated as a whole by 100, comprises a frame 1 rectangular plan, made of welded together double-T steel girders 2 exists. On the upper horizontal surfaces 3 of the carrier 2 are through the components of the elevator described below Screwed fastened.
  • the elevator 100 For retrieving and discharging a drill, the elevator 100 includes a designed as a steel cable flexible traction means 4, which by means of a drum 5 is wound up and unwound.
  • the drum 5 is rotatably mounted on a drum shaft 6 whose axis S runs parallel to the longitudinal sides 7 of the frame 1. She is in camp 8, 9, which are beyond the two end faces 10, 11 of the drum 5 are arranged.
  • the end of the drum shaft shown on the left in the drawing 6 is rotationally fixed to the disc 12 of a disc brake assembly 13 attached, the offset in the direction of rotation of the axis S by 180 ° two Brake calipers 14, 15 includes.
  • the disc brake assembly 13 can the rotational speed of the drum 5 during the unwinding process the flexible traction means 4 braked or completely blocked.
  • drum shaft 6 With the output side 16 of a transmission unit 17 to be described in detail and with an in the direction of the axis S downstream eddy current brake 18 connected.
  • the latter also serves to decelerate the unwinding speed the drum 5. Its use is that of the disc brake assembly preferred because the application of the Bremen energy wear and without noise induced by mechanical interference he follows.
  • drum 5, eddy current brake 18 and between the drum 5 and the eddy current brake 18 lying output side 16 of the gear unit 17 are two rotary drive devices 19, 20 attached to the frame 1.
  • Each of the rotary drive devices 19, 20 comprises a DC electric motor 21, 22, whose output shaft in each case with the input shaft 23, 24 of a gearbox 25, 26 is rotatably connected.
  • the manual transmissions 25, 26 are those for use in Elevators of known type, referred to in this description should not be discussed in detail.
  • the rotary drive devices 19, 20 are arranged spatially such that the output shafts 27, 28 of the manual transmission 25, 26 facing each other and the axes of rotation T, T 'of the output shafts 27, 28 lie on a common line.
  • Both output shafts 27, 28 are connected to the input side 29 of the transmission unit 17 connected and act on a not visible in the drawing gear, which via an intermediate gear 30 to a on the output side 16 of the Gear unit 17 provided, also not shown gear with the drum shaft 6 is connected.
  • the gear assembly 17 is therefore used the transmission of torque between the output shafts 27, 28th the manual transmission 25, 26 and the drum shaft 6.
  • a significant advantage of the coupling of the output shafts 27, 28 of the Manual transmission 25, 26 to the drum shaft 6 via the gear-equipped gear unit 17 is that the elevator according to the invention in the so-called Four quadrant operation can be operated. With four-quadrant operation is meant that both the lifting, as well as the lowering of the flexible Traction means 4 located load the drum 5 with the rotary drive means 19, 20 both accelerated, and can be braked.
  • the elevator according to the invention is also not in the drawing recognizable double filter system equipped with the for the operation of the hydraulically driven components of the elevator, such as the Disc brake assembly 13 and the manual transmission 25, 26 required Hydraulic oil is effectively filtered.
  • the two filters of this double filter system are independently switchable in the hydraulic circuit independently Flow branches installed. This will cause - as soon as with one of the two filters the filter capacity is exhausted - without interruption of the operation can be switched to the other filter.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Cage And Drive Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
  • Gear Transmission (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
  • Massaging Devices (AREA)
  • Advancing Webs (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Noodles (AREA)
  • Blinds (AREA)
  • Window Of Vehicle (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Magnetic Heads (AREA)

Abstract

The lifting gear includes a rotatably mounted drum (5) for winding up tension means (4), which is driven in rotation by at least one rotary driving device (19) comprising a rotary driving motor (21) acting on the drum (5) through at least one change-speed gearbox (25). The at least one rotary driving device (19) is-in relation to the axis of rotation (S) of the drum (5)-arranged alongside the drum (5) in such a way that the drum (5) and the rotary driving device (19) at least partially overlap in a projection perpendicular to the axis of rotation (S) of the drum (5).

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Hebewerk der dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 entsprechenden Art.The invention relates to a Hebewerk the preamble of the claim 1 corresponding type.

Derartige Hebewerke dienen dem Ablassen und Aufholen einer Last, insbesondere einer Bohreinrichtung, beispielsweise von einer Plattform in ein Bohrloch oder auf den Meeresgrund. Sie weisen ein flexibles Zugmittel auf, dessen eines Ende an der Bohreinrichtung befestigt ist. Das andere Ende des Zugmittels ist an einer drehbar gelagerten Wickeltrommel befestigt, mit der das Zugmittel auf- und abgewickelt werden kann.Such elevators are used for draining and catching up a load, in particular a drilling device, for example, from a platform in a Borehole or to the seabed. They have a flexible traction device, one end of which is attached to the drilling device. The other end the traction means is attached to a rotatably mounted winding drum, with the traction means can be wound up and unwound.

Zum Drehantrieb der Trommel ist zumindest eine Drehantriebseinrichtung vorgesehen. Letztere umfaßt regelmäßig einen Gleichstrommotor. Um die Trommel über einen relativ weiten Drehzahlbereich mit nahezu konstanter hoher Leistung antreiben zu können, ist dem Gleichstrom-Elektromotor ein Schaltgetriebe nachgeschaltet, dessen Eingangswelle mit dem Gleichstrom-Elektromotor und dessen Ausgangswelle mit der Trommel gekoppelt ist.For the rotary drive of the drum is at least one rotary drive device intended. The latter regularly includes a DC motor. To the Drum over a relatively wide speed range with almost constant High power to drive, is the DC electric motor Manual transmission downstream, whose input shaft with the DC electric motor and whose output shaft is coupled to the drum.

Bei einer ersten Ausführungsform derartiger, bekannter Hebewerke wird das anliegende Drehmoment mittels einer Gliederkette auf die Trommel übertragen. Zwar weisen diese sogenannten Kettenhebewerke relativ kompakte Außenabmessungen auf, nachteilig ist jedoch, daß der stets vorhandene Kettendurchhang im Unterschlag des Kettentriebes beim sogenannten "Vierquadrantenbetrieb", bei dem sowohl beim Heben der Last als auch beim Senken der Last sowohl beschleunigt als auch gebremst werden kann, auf den überschlag wechseln und dadurch ein stoßartiger Betrieb mit erheblichen, auf das Zugmittel wirkenden Kraftspitzen entstehen würde. Hierin besteht eine erhebliche Gefahr, da durch diese Kraftspitzen die Zugfestigkeit des Zugmittels überschritten werden kann, was zum Abriß des Zugmittels mit den damit verbundenen verheerenden Folgen führen würde.In a first embodiment of such known hoists, the applied torque by means of a link chain on the drum. Although these so-called Kettenhebewerke relatively compact Outside dimensions, it is disadvantageous that the ever-present Chain slack in the underpass of the chain drive in the so-called "four-quadrant operation", in which both the lifting of the load and the Lowering the load both accelerated and can be braked on change the flashover and thereby a jerky operation with significant would occur on the traction means acting force peaks. There is a significant risk, as by these force peaks the tensile strength of the traction device can be exceeded, resulting in the demolition of the traction means would lead to the devastating consequences.

Es ist daher von der Firma Wirth Maschinen- und Bohrgeräte-Fabrik GmbH, Erkelenz ein Hebewerk bekannt, welches zwei Antriebseinheiten, bestehend aus einem Gleichstrom-Elektromotor mit nachgeschaltetem Schaltgetriebe, umfaßt, bei welchem die Getriebeausgangswellen jeweils ein Zahnradritzel tragen, welches mit einem rotationsfest auf der Trommelwelle gelagerten Zahnrad in Eingriff stehen. Die beiden Drehantriebseinrichtungen sind nebeneinander in Verlängerung der Trommelachse auf einer der Stirnseiten der Trommel angeordnet, derart, daß der Eingriff der Zahnradritzel in das auf der Trommelwelle befindliche Zahnrad um 180° bezüglich der Trommelachse versetzt stattfindet. Jenseits der anderen Stirnseite der Trommel sind in Richtung der Trommelachse gesehen hintereinander eine Scheibenbremse und eine Wirbelstrombremse vorgesehen, die mit der Trommelwelle drehfest verbunden sind.It is therefore from the company Wirth Maschinen- und Bohrgeräte-Fabrik GmbH, Erkelenz a lift known, which consists of two drive units from a DC electric motor with downstream manual transmission, comprises, wherein the transmission output shafts each a gear pinion wear, which with a rotationally fixed on the drum shaft stored Gear engaged. The two rotary drive devices are next to each other in extension of the drum axis on one of the front sides of the Drum arranged such that the engagement of the gear pinion in the on the Drum shaft located gear by 180 ° with respect to the drum axis staggered takes place. Beyond the other end of the drum are in Direction of the drum axis seen consecutively a disc brake and an eddy current brake which rotates with the drum shaft are connected.

Mit diesem Getriebehebewerk ist - im Gegensatz zum Kettenhebewerk - ein "Vierquadrantenbetrieb" möglich, ohne daß dies zu den unerwünschten Kraftspitzen in dem Zugmittel führt. Durch die Möglichkeit, die Antriebsmotoren sogleich zum Abbremsen der Trommelrotation zu benützen, kann durch die Möglichkeit der direkten Einspeisung der durch den Bremsvorgang gewonnen elektrischen Energie eine erhebliche Energieeinsparung erzielt werden. Ferner kommt die mechanische Scheibenbremseinrichtung nur noch erheblich seltener als bei dem Kettenhebewerk zum Einsatz, wodurch einerseits deren Verschleiß und verschleißbedingte Ausfallzeiten des Hebewerks, andererseits die bei mechanischen Bremseinrichtungen regelmäßig auftretenden Lärmbelästigungen auf ein Minimum verringert werden.This geared lift is - in contrast to the chain hoist - a "Four-quadrant operation" possible without this being the unwanted Force peaks in the traction means leads. By the possibility of the drive motors can be used immediately to brake the drum rotation, by the possibility of direct feed of the recovered by the braking process electrical energy can be achieved a significant energy saving. Furthermore, the mechanical disc brake device comes only considerably less often than the chain hoist used, which on the one hand their wear and wear-related downtime of the elevator, on the other hand, the regularly occurring in mechanical braking devices Noise disturbances are reduced to a minimum.

Zwar hat sich dieses Getriebehebewerk in den letzten Jahren vielfach bewährt, nachteilig ist jedoch sein erheblicher Platzbedarf, der es insbesondere für den Austausch von kompakteren Kettenhebewerken ungeeignet macht.Although this gearbox lift has proven itself many times in recent years, disadvantageous, however, is its considerable space requirements, in particular makes it unsuitable for the replacement of more compact chain hoists.

Es ist bekannt, daß Wechselstromdrehantriebselektromotoren ein hohes Drehmoment über einen weit größeren Drehzahlbereich aufweisen als Gleichstrommotoren. Es ist daher bekannt geworden, Getriebehebewerke der oben beschriebenen Art im Austausch von den Gleichstrom-Elektromotor/Schaltgetriebeeinheiten mit Wechselstrom-Elektromotoren ohne Schaltgetrieben auszustatten, da sich hierdurch die Baulänge des Hebewerkes reduziert. Ein wesentlicher Nachteil besteht jedoch darin, daß insbesondere dann, wenn das Getriebehebewerk im Austausch eines gteichstrombetriebenen Kettenhebewerkes eingesetzt werden soll, die gesamte elektrische Betriebseinrichtung von Gleichstrom auf Wechselstrom umgestellt, werden muß, was einen regelmäßig wirtschaftlich nicht vertretbaren Aufwand bedeutet.It is known that AC rotary electric motors are high Torque over a much wider speed range than DC motors. It has therefore become known Getriebehebewerke the described above in exchange of the DC electric motor / manual transmission units with AC electric motors without Equip manual transmissions, as this is the overall length of the elevator reduced. A major disadvantage, however, is that in particular then when the gearbox lift in exchange of a power-driven Kettenhebewerkes to be used, the entire electrical Operating equipment has to be converted from direct current to alternating current, which means a regularly economically unreasonable effort.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Hebewerk zu schaffen, mit dem ein Vierquadrantenbetrieb möglich ist, das gleichstrombetrieben wird und dessen Baulänge reduziert ist.The invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a hoist, with a four-quadrant operation is possible, which is DC-powered and whose length is reduced.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die in Anspruch 1 wiedergegebene Erfindung gelöst.This object is achieved by the reproduced in claim 1 invention.

Dadurch, daß die zumindest eine Drehantriebseinrichtung bezogen auf die Drehachse der Trommel neben derselben angeordnet ist, derart, daß sich die Trommel und die Drehantriebseinrichtung in einer Projektion senkrecht zur Drehachse der Trommel zumindest teilweise überdecken, reduziert sich die Baulänge des Hebewerks erheblich. Die Länge des Hebewerks ist somit im wesentlichen durch die Trommel und die in Richtung der Trommelachse vor- bzw. nachgeschalteten Aggregate bestimmt.Characterized in that the at least one rotary drive device based on the Rotary axis of the drum is arranged next to the same, such that the Drum and the rotary drive device in a projection perpendicular to At least partially cover the axis of rotation of the drum, the reduced Length of the lift considerably. The length of the elevator is thus in the mainly through the drum and in the direction of the drum axis. or downstream units determined.

Zur Erhöhung der auf die Trommelwelle übertragbaren Drehmomente und zur Erzielung von Notlaufeigenschaften weist das erfindungsgemäße Hebewerk eine zweite Drehantriebseinrichtung mit Rotationsantciebsmotor und Schaltgetriebe, auf. To increase the transferable to the drum shaft torques and the Achievement of emergency running features, the elevator according to the invention a second rotary drive device with Rotationsantciebsmotor and Manual transmission, up.

Dabei ist die Antriebswelle des Rotations-Antriebsmotors und die Eingang- und Ausgangswelle des Schaltgetriebes der zweiten Drehantriebseinrichtung auf einer gemeinsamen Geraden liegend angeordnet, die mit der Drehachse der Ausgangswelle des Schaltgetriebes der ersten Drehantriebsanordnung zusammenfällt.Here, the drive shaft of the rotary drive motor and the input and Output shaft of the gearbox of the second rotary drive device a common line arranged lying with the axis of rotation of the Output shaft of the gearbox of the first rotary drive assembly coincides.

Die Ausgangswellen sind beide direkt mit der Eingangsseite der Getriebeeinheit gekoppelt, was konstruktiv dadurch umgesetzt werden kann, daß sie mit demselben Getriebeeingangsrad wirkverbunden sind.The output shafts are both directly to the input side of the gear unit coupled, which can be structurally implemented by that with the same transmission input are operatively connected.

Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Hebewerks sind die Antriebswelle des Rotations-Antriebsmotors und die Eingangs- und Ausgangswellen des Schaltgetriebes auf einer gemeinsamen Geraden liegend angeordnet. Eine Umlenküng der Antriebsdrehmomente, die einen erhöhten Aufwand und auch Antriebsverluste bedeuten würde, wird hierdurch vermieden.In a preferred embodiment of the elevator according to the invention are the drive shaft of the rotary drive motor and the input and Output shafts of the gearbox lying on a common line arranged. A deflection of the drive torques, which increased one Effort and drive losses would mean is thereby avoided.

Die Trommel ist vorzugsweise rotationsfest mit einer drehbar gelagerten Trommelwelle verbunden.The drum is preferably rotationally fixed with a rotatably mounted Drum shaft connected.

Die Trommelwelle ist dann bevorzugt mit der Ausgangsseite einer Getriebeeinheit verbunden, deren Eingangsseite an die Ausgangswelle des Schaltgetriebes angekoppelt ist.The drum shaft is then preferred with the output side of a Gear unit connected, whose input side to the output shaft of Gearbox is coupled.

Die Getriebeeinheit ist vorzugsweise ein Zahnradgetriebe, das zur Entfemungsüberbrückung zwischen Ausgangswelle des Schaltgetriebes und Trommelwelle ein Zwischenrad aufweist.The gear unit is preferably a gear transmission, the Entfemungsüberbrückung between the output shaft of the gearbox and Drum shaft has an intermediate.

Ist die Trommelwelle einenends an eine mechanisch wirkende, anderenends an eine elektrisch wirkende Bremseinrichtung angekoppelt, so kann im Bedarfsfalle durch gleichzeitige Betätigung der beiden Bremseinrichtungen ein hohes Bremsmoment auf die Trommel ausgeübt werden, ohne daß es zu nur einseitigen Torsionskräften der Trommelwelle kommt, wie dies der Fall wäre, wenn nur ein Ende der Trommelwelle mit Bremseinrichtungen gekoppelt wäre.Is the drum shaft at one end to a mechanically acting, the other end an electrically acting braking device coupled, so if necessary by simultaneous operation of the two braking devices a high Braking torque can be exerted on the drum without it to only one-sided torsional forces of the drum shaft comes, as would be the case if only one end of the drum shaft were coupled to brake devices.

Die mechanisch wirkende Bremseinrichtung ist vorzugsweise eine Scheibenbremse, die elektromagnetisch wirkende Bremseinrichtung eine Wirbelstrombremse.The mechanically acting braking device is preferably a Disc brake, the electromagnetically acting braking device a Eddy current brake.

Ist die zweite Drehantriebseinrichtung - bezogen auf die Richtung der Drehachse der elektromagnetisch wirkenden Bremseinrichtung - neben dieser Bremseinrichtung angeordnet, so erhöht sich die Baulänge dieses mit zwei Drehantriebseinrichtungen ausgestatteten Hebewerks nicht oder nur unwesentlich.Is the second rotary drive device - based on the direction of Rotary axis of the electromagnetically acting braking device - in addition to this Brake device arranged so increases the overall length of this with two Rotary drive equipment equipped with rotary drive equipment is not or only immaterial.

Um Überlastungen der Antriebsmotoren der Drehantriebseinrichtungen zu vermeiden, sind die Schaltgetriebe vorzugsweise mit einer Sicherheitseinrichtung ausgerüstet, die bei Überschreitung eines maximal zulässigen Drehmoments an der Eingangswelle das Getriebe selbsttätig in den Gang des größten Verhältnisses der Drehzahl der Eingangswelle zur Drehzahl der Ausgangswelle umschaltet.To overload the drive motors of the rotary drive devices too Avoid, the manual transmission are preferably with a Safety device equipped, which exceeds a maximum permissible torque at the input shaft, the gearbox automatically in the Gear of the largest ratio of the speed of the input shaft to the speed the output shaft switches.

In der Zeichnung ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung dargestellt. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Hebewerks in einer Seitenansicht. (Ansicht A in Fig. 2);
  • Fig. 2 dasselbe Hebewerk wie n Fig. 1 in einer Ansicht von oben (Ansicht B in Fig. 1) sowie
  • Fig. 3 dasselbe Hebewerk in einer perspektivischen Ansicht.
    • In the drawing, an embodiment of the invention is shown. Show it:
  • Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of a lift according to the invention in a side view. (View A in Fig. 2);
  • Fig. 2 the same elevator as n Fig. 1 in a view from above (view B in Fig. 1) and
  • Fig. 3 the same elevator in a perspective view.

    • Das als Ganzes mit 100 bezeichnete Hebewerk umfaßt einen Rahmen 1 rechteckigen Grundrisses, der aus miteinander verschweißten Doppel-T-Stahlträgem 2 besteht. Auf den oberen Horizontalflächen 3 der Träger 2 sind die im folgenden noch beschriebenen Komponenten des Hebewerks durch Verschrauben befestigt.The elevator, designated as a whole by 100, comprises a frame 1 rectangular plan, made of welded together double-T steel girders 2 exists. On the upper horizontal surfaces 3 of the carrier 2 are through the components of the elevator described below Screwed fastened.

    Zum Aufholen und Ablassen eines Bohrgeräts umfaßt das Hebewerk 100 ein als Stahlseil ausgebildetes flexibles Zugmittel 4, welches mittels einer Trommel 5 auf- und abwickelbar ist.For retrieving and discharging a drill, the elevator 100 includes a designed as a steel cable flexible traction means 4, which by means of a drum 5 is wound up and unwound.

    Die Trommel 5 ist drehfest auf einer Trommelwelle 6 befestigt, deren Achse S parallel zu den Längsseiten 7 des Rahmens 1 verläuft. Sie ist in Lagerböcken 8, 9 gelagert, die jenseits der beiden Stirnseiten 10, 11 der Trommel 5 angeordnet sind. Das in der Zeichnung links dargestellte Ende der Trommelwelle 6 ist drehfest mit der Scheibe 12 einer Scheibenbremsanordnung 13 befestigt, die in Drehrichtung der Achse S um 180° versetzt zwei Bremszangen 14, 15 umfaßt. Mittels der Scheibenbremsanordnung 13 kann die Drehgeschwindigkeit der Trommel 5 während des Abwickelvorganges des flexiblen Zugmittels 4 abgebremst oder auch vollständig blockiert werden. Jenseits der anderen Stirnseite 11 ist die Trommelwelle 6 mit der Ausgangsseite 16 einer noch im einzelnen zu beschreibenden Getriebeeinheit 17 und mit einer in Richtung der Achse S nachgeschalteten Wirbelstrombremse 18 verbunden. Letztere dient ebenfalls der Abbremsung der Abwickelgeschwindigkeit der Trommel 5. Ihr Einsatz wird demjenigen der Scheibenbremsanordnung bevorzugt, da das Aufbringen der Bremenergie verschleißfrei und ohne durch mechanischen Eingriff hervorgerufene Lärmbelästigung erfolgt.The drum 5 is rotatably mounted on a drum shaft 6 whose axis S runs parallel to the longitudinal sides 7 of the frame 1. She is in camp 8, 9, which are beyond the two end faces 10, 11 of the drum 5 are arranged. The end of the drum shaft shown on the left in the drawing 6 is rotationally fixed to the disc 12 of a disc brake assembly 13 attached, the offset in the direction of rotation of the axis S by 180 ° two Brake calipers 14, 15 includes. By means of the disc brake assembly 13 can the rotational speed of the drum 5 during the unwinding process the flexible traction means 4 braked or completely blocked. Beyond the other end face 11 is the drum shaft 6 with the output side 16 of a transmission unit 17 to be described in detail and with an in the direction of the axis S downstream eddy current brake 18 connected. The latter also serves to decelerate the unwinding speed the drum 5. Its use is that of the disc brake assembly preferred because the application of the Bremen energy wear and without noise induced by mechanical interference he follows.

    Neben der Anordnung aus Scheibenbremsanordnung 13, Trommel 5, Wirbelstrombremse 18 und zwischen der Trommel 5 und der Wirbelstrombremse 18 liegender Ausgangsseite 16 der Getriebeeinheit 17 sind zwei Drehantriebseinrichtungen 19, 20 an dem Rahmen 1 befestigt. Jede der Drehantriebseinrichtungen 19, 20 umfaßt einen Gleichstromelektromotor 21, 22, dessen Ausgangswelle jeweils mit der Eingangswelle 23, 24 eines Schaltgetriebes 25, 26 drehfest verbunden ist.In addition to the arrangement of disc brake assembly 13, drum 5, eddy current brake 18 and between the drum 5 and the eddy current brake 18 lying output side 16 of the gear unit 17 are two rotary drive devices 19, 20 attached to the frame 1. Each of the rotary drive devices 19, 20 comprises a DC electric motor 21, 22, whose output shaft in each case with the input shaft 23, 24 of a gearbox 25, 26 is rotatably connected.

    Bei den Schaltgetrieben 25, 26 handelt es sich um solche für den Einsatz in Hebewerken bekannter Bauart, auf die im Rahmen dieser Beschreibung nicht näher eingegangen werden soll. Die Drehantriebseinrichtungen 19, 20 sind derart räumlich angeordnet, daß die Ausgangswellen 27, 28 der Schaltgetriebe 25, 26 einander zugewandt sind und die Drehachsen T, T' der Ausgangswellen 27, 28 auf einer gemeinsamen Geraden liegen. Beide Ausgangswellen 27, 28 sind mit der Eingangsseite 29 der Getriebeeinheit 17 verbunden und wirken auf ein in der Zeichnung nicht erkennbares Zahnrad, welches über ein Zwischenzahnrad 30 auf ein an der Ausgangsseite 16 der Getriebeeinheit 17 vorgesehenes, ebenfalls nicht dargestelltes Zahnrad mit der Trommelwelle 6 verbunden ist. Die Getriebeanordnung 17 dient daher der Übertragung von Drehmomenten zwischen den Ausgangswellen 27, 28 der Schaltgetriebe 25, 26 und der Trommelwelle 6. Im Falle des Aufwickelns des flexiblen Zugmittels 4 auf die Trommel 5 treiben die Drehantriebseinrichtungen 19, 20 die Trommelwelle 6 an, das im Falle des Abwickelns flexiblen Zugmittels 4 von der Trommel 5 erforderliche Abbremsen der Trommel 5 kann ebenfalls durch die Gleichstrommotoren 21, 22 erfolgen, die dann als Generatoren wirken. Da hierdurch die kinetische Energie der rotierenden Trommel in elektrische Energie umgewandelt wird, läßt sich - falls gewünscht - durch Rückeinspeisung auf diese Weise Energie einsparen.The manual transmissions 25, 26 are those for use in Elevators of known type, referred to in this description should not be discussed in detail. The rotary drive devices 19, 20 are arranged spatially such that the output shafts 27, 28 of the manual transmission 25, 26 facing each other and the axes of rotation T, T 'of the output shafts 27, 28 lie on a common line. Both output shafts 27, 28 are connected to the input side 29 of the transmission unit 17 connected and act on a not visible in the drawing gear, which via an intermediate gear 30 to a on the output side 16 of the Gear unit 17 provided, also not shown gear with the drum shaft 6 is connected. The gear assembly 17 is therefore used the transmission of torque between the output shafts 27, 28th the manual transmission 25, 26 and the drum shaft 6. In the case of winding of the flexible traction means 4 on the drum 5 drive the rotary drive means 19, 20, the drum shaft 6, which in the case of unwinding flexible Zugmittels 4 required by the drum 5 braking the drum 5 can also be done by the DC motors 21, 22, which then as Generators work. As a result, the kinetic energy of the rotating Drum is converted into electrical energy, can be - if desired - Save energy by feeding it back in this way.

    Ein wesentlicher Vorteil der Ankopplung der Ausgangswellen 27, 28 der Schaltgetriebe 25, 26 an die Trommelwelle 6 über die zahnradbestückte Getriebeeinheit 17 ist, daß das erfindungsgemäße Hebewerk im sogenannten Vierquadrantenbetrieb betrieben werden kann. Mit Vierquadrantenbetrieb ist gemeint, daß sowohl beim Heben, als auch beim Senken der an dem flexiblen Zugmittel 4 befindlichen Last die Trommel 5 mit den Drehantriebseinrichtungen 19, 20 sowohl beschleunigt, als auch gebremst werden kann. A significant advantage of the coupling of the output shafts 27, 28 of the Manual transmission 25, 26 to the drum shaft 6 via the gear-equipped gear unit 17 is that the elevator according to the invention in the so-called Four quadrant operation can be operated. With four-quadrant operation is meant that both the lifting, as well as the lowering of the flexible Traction means 4 located load the drum 5 with the rotary drive means 19, 20 both accelerated, and can be braked.

    Die Schaltgetriebe 25, 26 sind mit einer in der Zeichnung nicht erkennbaren Sicherheitskupplung ausgestattet, die bei Überlastung des jeweils antreibenden Gleichstrommotors 21, 22 automatisch die kleinste Übersetzung zwischen den Eingangswellen 23, 24 und den Ausgangswellen 27, 28 wählen, um das von den Elektromotoren 21, 22 in diesem Betriebszustand aufzubringende Drehmoment zu minimieren. Die Sicherheitskupplung ist derart konzipiert, daß in diesem "ersten" Gang eine federkraftinduzierte Beaufschlagung ein Lösen der Kupplung unabhängig von vorhandenem Hydraulikdruck, über den die Kupplung betätigt wird, verhindert und somit eine Drehmomentübertragung von den Eingangswellen 23, 24 auf die Ausgangswellen 27, 28 sichergestellt wird. Ferner ist bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Hebewerk vorzugsweise eine in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellte Nachlaßvorrichtung integriert, die geeignet ist, auch während des Bohrbetriebes das Bohrgerät zu senken und zu heben und welche die Andruckkraft des Bohrgerätes auf die Bohrlochsohle auf einen gewünschten Wert einstellt. Hierzu kann die Nachlaßvorrichtung in den folgenden drei verschiedenen Arten betrieben werden:

  • a) "constant load", d.h. die Nachlaßvorrichtung erfaßt die Kraft, mit der das Bohrgerät an der Bohrlochsohle anliegt und regelt diese auf einen vorbestimmten Wert;
  • b) "constant speed", d.h. der Nachlaß des Bohrgerätes erfolgt mit konstanter Geschwindigkeit sowie
  • c) "constant mud pressure", d.h. die Nachlaßgeschwindigkeit wird so geregelt, daß der Druck der Spülflüssigkeit für einen durch die Spülflüssigkeit angetriebenen Antriebsmotor des Bohrgerätes während des Abtragvorgangs konstant ist.
    • The manual transmission 25, 26 are equipped with a safety coupling, not recognizable in the drawing, automatically select the overload of each driving DC motor 21, 22, the smallest translation between the input shafts 23, 24 and the output shafts 27, 28 to that of the electric motors 21st To minimize 22 torque to be applied in this operating state. The safety clutch is designed so that in this "first" gear, a spring-force induced actuation prevents disengagement of the clutch regardless of existing hydraulic pressure via which the clutch is actuated and thus ensures torque transmission from the input shafts 23, 24 to the output shafts 27, 28 becomes. Furthermore, in the lifting device according to the invention preferably a decay device not shown in the drawing is integrated, which is adapted to lower and raise the drill during drilling operation and which adjusts the pressure force of the drill to the bottom hole to a desired value. For this purpose, the Nachlaßvorrichtung can be operated in the following three different ways:
  • a) "constant load", ie the deceleration device detects the force with which the drill rests against the bottom of the borehole and regulates it to a predetermined value;
  • b) "constant speed", ie the legacy of the drill is at constant speed and
  • c) "constant mud pressure", ie the deceleration rate is controlled so that the pressure of the rinsing liquid is constant for a driven by the rinsing liquid drive motor of the drill during the Abtragvorgangs.

    • Das erfindungsgemäße Hebewerk ist ferner mit einer in der Zeichnung nicht erkennbaren Doppelfilteranlage ausgerüstet, mit der das für den Betrieb der hydraulisch angetriebenen Bauteile des Hebewerks, beispielsweise der Scheibenbremsanordnung 13 und der Schaltgetriebe 25, 26 erforderliche Hydrauliköl wirksam gefiltert wird. Die beiden Filter dieser Doppelfilteranlage sind in unabhängig voneinander wechselweise in den Hydraulikkreislauf einschaltbare Durchflußzweige eingebaut. Hierdurch wird bewirkt, daß - sobald bei einem der beiden Filter die Filterkapazität erschöpft ist - ohne Unterbrechung des Betriebes auf den anderen Filter umgeschaltet werden kann. The elevator according to the invention is also not in the drawing recognizable double filter system equipped with the for the operation of the hydraulically driven components of the elevator, such as the Disc brake assembly 13 and the manual transmission 25, 26 required Hydraulic oil is effectively filtered. The two filters of this double filter system are independently switchable in the hydraulic circuit independently Flow branches installed. This will cause - as soon as with one of the two filters the filter capacity is exhausted - without interruption of the operation can be switched to the other filter.

    BEZUGSZEICHENLISTELIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

    11
    Rahmenframe
    22
    Trägercarrier
    33
    Horizontalflächehorizontal surface
    44
    flexibles Zugmittelflexible traction means
    55
    Trommeldrum
    66
    Trommelwelledrum shaft
    77
    Längsseitelong side
    88th
    Lagerbockbearing block
    99
    Lagerbockbearing block
    1010
    Stirnseitefront
    1111
    Stirnseitefront
    1212
    Scheibedisc
    1313
    ScheibenbremsanordnungDisc brake assembly
    1414
    Bremszangecaliper
    1515
    Bremszangecaliper
    1616
    Ausgangsseiteoutput side
    1717
    Getriebeeinheitgear unit
    1818
    WirbelstrombremseEddy current brake
    1919
    DrehantriebseinrichtungRotary drive device
    2020
    DrehantriebseinrichtungRotary drive device
    2121
    GleichstrommotorDC motor
    2222
    GleichstrommotorDC motor
    2323
    Eingangswelleinput shaft
    2424
    Eingangswelleinput shaft
    2525
    Schaltgetriebemanual transmission
    2626
    Schaltgetriebemanual transmission
    2727
    Ausgangswelleoutput shaft
    2828
    Ausgangswelleoutput shaft
    2929
    Eingangsseiteinput side
    3030
    Zwischenradidler
    100100
    Hebewerkhoist
    SS
    Achseaxis
    T, TT, T
    Drehachsenrotational axes
    GG
    GeradeJust

    Claims (7)

    1. Drawworks for lowering and withdrawing a load, in particular a drilling device,
      having a flexible draw means (4) which is fastened to the load,
      having a drum (5), mounted so as to be rotatable about a rotation axis (S), for winding up the draw means (4), and
      having at least one first rotary drive device (19) which comprises at least one rotary motor (21) which acts on the drum (5) via a gearbox (25) and with which the drum (5) can be rotationally driven alternatively in the lowering or filling direction of the draw element (4), the first rotary drive device (19), relative to the rotation axis (S) of the drum (5), being arranged next to the drum (5) in such a way that the drum (5) and the rotary drive device (19), in a projection perpendicular to the rotation axis (S) of the drum (5), at least partly overlap, the drum (5) being connected in a rotationally fixed manner to a rotatably mounted drum shaft (6), the drum shaft (5) being connected to the output side (16) of a transmission unit (17), the input side (29) of which is coupled to the output shaft (27) of the gearbox (25),
      characterized in that
      a second rotary drive device (20) having a rotary drive motor (22) and gearbox (26) is provided, the drive shaft of the rotary drive motor (22) and the input and output shafts (24, 28) of the gearbox (26) being arranged so as to lie with the second rotary drive device (20) on a common straight line (G), and the first and second rotary drive devices (19, 20) being arranged in such a way that the output shafts (27, 28) of the gearboxes (25, 26) face one another and have a common rotation axis, the output shafts (27, 28) being coupled to the input side (29) of the transmission unit (17).
    2. Drawworks according to Claim 1, characterized in that the drive shaft of the rotary drive motor (21) and the input and output shafts (23, 27) of the gearbox (25) are arranged so as to lie on a common straight line (G).
    3. Drawworks according to Claim 1, characterized in that the transmission unit (17) is a gear train which has an intermediate gearwheel (30) for bridging the distance between the output shaft (27) of the gearbox (25) and the drum shaft (6).
    4. Drawworks according to Claim 1, characterized in that the drum shaft (6) is coupled at one end to a mechanically acting brake device and at the other end to an electromagnetically acting brake device.
    5. Drawworks according to Claim 4, characterized in that the mechanically acting brake device is a disc brake arrangement (13) and the electromagnetically acting brake device is an eddy-current brake (18).
    6. Drawworks according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the second rotary drive device (20), relative to the direction of the rotation axis (S) of the electromagnetically acting brake device, is arranged next to this brake device.
    7. Drawworks according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the gearbox or gearboxes (24, 26) is/are equipped with a safety device which, if a maximum admissible torque at the input shaft is exceeded, switches over the gearbox automatically into the gear of the highest ratio of the speed of the input shaft to the speed of the output shaft.
    EP01916995A 2000-02-28 2001-02-14 Hoisting gear Expired - Lifetime EP1259455B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (3)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    DE20003513U DE20003513U1 (en) 2000-02-28 2000-02-28 Elevator
    DE20003513U 2000-02-28
    PCT/EP2001/001613 WO2001064573A2 (en) 2000-02-28 2001-02-14 Hoisting gear

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP1259455A2 EP1259455A2 (en) 2002-11-27
    EP1259455B1 true EP1259455B1 (en) 2005-03-16

    Family

    ID=7937932

    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP01916995A Expired - Lifetime EP1259455B1 (en) 2000-02-28 2001-02-14 Hoisting gear

    Country Status (9)

    Country Link
    US (1) US6793203B2 (en)
    EP (1) EP1259455B1 (en)
    CN (1) CN1222465C (en)
    AT (1) ATE290994T1 (en)
    DE (2) DE20003513U1 (en)
    NO (1) NO321816B1 (en)
    PT (1) PT1259455E (en)
    RU (1) RU2254287C2 (en)
    WO (1) WO2001064573A2 (en)

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    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    RU2254287C2 (en) 2005-06-20
    CN1222465C (en) 2005-10-12
    NO321816B1 (en) 2006-07-10
    US6793203B2 (en) 2004-09-21
    NO20024083L (en) 2002-10-22
    RU2002125883A (en) 2004-02-10
    CN1406203A (en) 2003-03-26
    PT1259455E (en) 2005-08-31
    US20030111653A1 (en) 2003-06-19
    DE50105617D1 (en) 2005-04-21
    EP1259455A2 (en) 2002-11-27
    NO20024083D0 (en) 2002-08-27
    DE20003513U1 (en) 2001-07-26
    WO2001064573A3 (en) 2002-07-18
    ATE290994T1 (en) 2005-04-15
    WO2001064573A2 (en) 2001-09-07

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