EP1252437A2 - Injection device and method for injecting a fluid - Google Patents

Injection device and method for injecting a fluid

Info

Publication number
EP1252437A2
EP1252437A2 EP01909455A EP01909455A EP1252437A2 EP 1252437 A2 EP1252437 A2 EP 1252437A2 EP 01909455 A EP01909455 A EP 01909455A EP 01909455 A EP01909455 A EP 01909455A EP 1252437 A2 EP1252437 A2 EP 1252437A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
pressure booster
injection
chamber
valve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP01909455A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1252437B1 (en
Inventor
Wolfgang Braun
Bernd Mahr
Martin Kropp
Hans-Christoph Magel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1252437A2 publication Critical patent/EP1252437A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1252437B1 publication Critical patent/EP1252437B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M45/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M57/00—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices
    • F02M57/02—Injectors structurally combined with fuel-injection pumps
    • F02M57/022—Injectors structurally combined with fuel-injection pumps characterised by the pump drive
    • F02M57/025—Injectors structurally combined with fuel-injection pumps characterised by the pump drive hydraulic, e.g. with pressure amplification
    • F02M57/026—Construction details of pressure amplifiers, e.g. fuel passages or check valves arranged in the intensifier piston or head, particular diameter relationships, stop members, arrangement of ports or conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M57/00—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices
    • F02M57/02—Injectors structurally combined with fuel-injection pumps
    • F02M57/022—Injectors structurally combined with fuel-injection pumps characterised by the pump drive
    • F02M57/025—Injectors structurally combined with fuel-injection pumps characterised by the pump drive hydraulic, e.g. with pressure amplification
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/02—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type
    • F02M59/10—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type characterised by the piston-drive
    • F02M59/105—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type characterised by the piston-drive hydraulic drive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F02M63/0225—Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an injection device with an injection nozzle, a pressure booster for increasing a primary pressure, a first valve device for controlling the pressure booster and an actuating element for actuating the first valve device.
  • the invention further relates to a method for injecting fluid, in which a low-pressure injection takes place in a first phase and a high-pressure injection takes place in a second phase.
  • a generic device and a generic method are known.
  • a basic requirement for such a system is to carry out the fuel injection with the greatest possible injection pressure.
  • a high injection pressure has positive effects on the function of an engine; for example, pollutant emissions and fuel consumption are reduced.
  • Such a low-pressure injection can be used, for example, for a pre-injection which, among other things, pollution serves.
  • an advantageous “boot” shape of the injection pressure curve can be achieved.
  • a pressure booster which, by means of a hydraulic transmission, converts a primary pressure, such as that made available by a pressure accumulator, into the desired high injection pressure.
  • a suitable increase in pressure can be set in this way through the suitable choice of the areas to which force is applied and the counterforces of elastic means.
  • Generic pressure intensification is particularly useful in connection with a common rail system.
  • the injection pressure is generated by a high-pressure pump and made available for injection in the "rail" (fuel accumulator).
  • the pressure in the common rail is currently still limited to approximately 1600 bar, so that an increase in pressure is desirable for emission reasons.
  • a pressure booster in combination with a common rail system was able to deliver particularly good results.
  • additional valve devices must be provided for the refilling of the various functional spaces of the pressure amplifier. According to the prior art, the entire high-pressure space in the injector and in Pressure intensifier relaxes, which leads to high relaxation losses.
  • FIG. 5 shows a common rail system in which an injector or an injection nozzle 110 is coupled to a pressure booster 112.
  • the pressure booster 112 is controlled via a 2/2 valve 114, which controls the pressure in the space 134, so that, compared to the control with a 3/2 valve in the pressure booster inlet, there are comparatively low relaxation losses.
  • the hydraulic circuit shown has a bypass path 116 in order to enable injection with rail pressure or injection with increased pressure.
  • the activation or deactivation of the pressure booster 112 takes place by opening or closing the valve 114.
  • rail pressure is always conducted to the injector 110 via the bypass path 116.
  • a jamming of the injector needle or the injector valve would consequently produce a continuous injection, which can ultimately lead to the destruction of the engine. It is therefore desirable to provide a system with intrinsic safety that has a design-determined maximum injection quantity, that is, an injection quantity that cannot be exceeded in the event of a system component being damaged.
  • a valve 118 is connected to a control chamber 122 of the injector 110 for stroke control via an outlet throttle 120.
  • Control chamber 122 is also connected to the fluid inflow via an inlet throttle 124.
  • the fluid is also fed to the pressure chamber 126 of the injection nozzle 110.
  • a check valve 128 is located in the fluid supply line 116, which only permits fluid transport in the direction of the injector 126.
  • the pressure booster 112 has a low-pressure chamber 130, a high-pressure chamber 132 and a differential chamber 134.
  • the differential chamber 134 is connected to the pressure accumulator ("rail") 138 via a throttle 136, while the low-pressure chamber 130 and the high-pressure chamber 132 are connected directly or via the check valve 128 communicate with the accumulator 138.
  • the pressure accumulator 138 has connections to four injectors, to which it makes the rail pressure available.
  • a supply line to the pressure accumulator 138 in which a pressure sensor and a control circuit is provided, comes from a fuel tank 140 via a quantity-controlled high-pressure pump 142.
  • the invention builds on the prior art in that the pressure booster is activated in a first state of the first valve device, in that the pressure booster is deactivated in a second state of the first valve device and that a flow rate limitation to the injection nozzle is provided.
  • the invention enables a pressure booster to be controlled by a valve in a simple manner, with only slight relaxation losses, and this is advantageously combined with a flow rate limitation to the injection nozzle.
  • jamming of the nozzle needle or the control valve of the injection nozzle could lead to continuous injection and ultimately to the destruction of the engine.
  • the pressure booster preferably has a low-pressure space, a high-pressure space and a differential space, wherein the first valve device is connected to the differential space with a first connection, the first valve device is connected to a return connection system with a second connection, and the first valve device is open in the first state, so that the differential space is connected to the return system.
  • the piston of the pressure booster is therefore pressure-balanced, since the rail pressure is established in the differential space. There is no pressure increase. However, if the valve is opened, this measure relieves the differential space. As a result, the pressure intensifier is activated and an injection with increased pressure can take place.
  • the low pressure chamber of the pressure booster is connected to the differential chamber of the pressure booster via a first throttle and a second valve device, the first throttle and the second valve device being arranged in parallel, the second valve device the flow of a fluid from the differential room releases to the low pressure space and the second valve device blocks the flow of a fluid from the low pressure space to the differential space.
  • the second valve device thus enables the differential space to be depressurized when the first valve device is open, so that the pressure booster can be activated.
  • the second valve unit prevents an overpressure from building up in the differential space compared to the low-pressure space.
  • the differential space is filled via the throttle when the pressure booster is reset.
  • the second valve device is preferably a non-return valve. This is suitable for performing the functions of the second valve device described.
  • the low-pressure chamber of the pressure booster is preferably connected to the high-pressure chamber of the pressure booster via a second throttle and a non-return valve, wherein the non-return valve enables the flow of a fluid from the low-pressure chamber to the high-pressure chamber and the non-return valve blocks the flow of a fluid from the high-pressure chamber to the low-pressure chamber.
  • the check valve is useful so that the pressure from the high pressure chamber does not decrease in the direction of the low pressure chamber.
  • the throttle ensures that the connection has a sufficiently small flow cross section so that it cannot serve as a bypass for an injection.
  • the throttle can also be formed by a correspondingly small line or a correspondingly small opening cross section of the check valve. In principle, the connection serves to refill the high pressure chamber of the pressure booster when the pressure booster piston is reset.
  • the differential space of the pressure booster is connected to the high pressure space of the pressure booster via a second throttle and a non-return valve, the non-return valve releasing the flow of a fluid from the differential space to the high pressure space and the non-return valve the flow of a fluid from the high pressure space locks the difference space.
  • the components mentioned therefore fulfill the same purpose as in the case of connecting the low-pressure chamber to the high-pressure chamber.
  • the second throttle can also be omitted and the differential space of the pressure booster can be connected to the high pressure space via a check valve, since an undesired leakage flow in the injection Tor produces a pressure difference at the first throttle between the low pressure chamber and the differential chamber.
  • the pressure booster piston preferably has a pressure surface which is connected to the injector feed line even after the flow connection to the injector has been interrupted.
  • the pressure booster piston remains at its end stop under pressure differential control. In this way, the corresponding injector is switched off in the event of damage.
  • the inlet line is closed by a sealing device.
  • the two components of the sealing device then lead to the closing of the feed line when the pressure booster piston has reached its maximum stroke.
  • the filling path is closed by a slide seal.
  • This slide seal can be formed by the pressure booster piston and the guide of the pressure booster piston.
  • the supply line can thus be closed from a certain stroke, which depends on the point at which the fluid inflow starts at the high-pressure chamber of the pressure booster.
  • Elastic means for resetting the pressure booster piston are preferably provided. These can either be in Low pressure room, in the DJ conference room or in the high pressure room or at another suitable location.
  • the elastic means can be implemented, for example, by a spring in the low pressure chamber.
  • the pressure booster acts simultaneously as a flow limiter.
  • a separate flow limiter This can optionally be arranged, for example, in the filling path of the high-pressure chamber or between the pressure booster and the injector.
  • the second valve unit which connects the low-pressure chamber of the pressure booster to the differential chamber parallel to the throttle, can be dispensed with, since an overpressure in the differential chamber is prevented by the separation of the pressure booster pistons.
  • the invention is based on the generic method according to claim 17 in that the high pressure is generated by activating a pressure booster by opening a valve device connected to a differential space of the pressure booster and a return system and by limiting the flow rate of the fluid to an injection nozzle becomes.
  • a control that is to say an activation or deactivation of a pressure booster can thus take place by simply actuating a valve device while avoiding high relaxation losses.
  • the flow rate limitation prevents damage to the engine, which is otherwise due to continuous injection could occur when the nozzle needle or the control valve of the injection nozzle is jammed.
  • the method is particularly advantageous if the maximum injection quantity is limited by the volume of a high-pressure chamber of the pressure booster.
  • the pressure booster will therefore be beneficial! Used simultaneously for its primary purpose - pressure boosting - and, in the sense of intrinsic safety, to limit the flow rate.
  • the injector is stroke-controlled, it even being conceivable that the control valve of the injector is controlled by the same actuating element, preferably a piezo actuator, as the valve device which controls the pressure booster.
  • a piezo actuator preferably a piezo actuator
  • a solenoid valve for example, can also be provided as the actuating element.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that a system with high intrinsic safety can be provided using a control of a pressure booster without large relaxation losses occurring.
  • the pressure booster can thus optionally be activated, and injection course shaping can be carried out.
  • injection course shaping can be carried out.
  • a pre-injection with low pressure and a Main injection take place at high pressure.
  • an advantageous “boot” shape of the injection pressure curve can be achieved.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of an injection device according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of an injection device according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 shows a third embodiment of an injection device according to the invention
  • FIG. 4 shows a fourth embodiment of an injection device according to the invention
  • FIG. 5 shows an injection device to explain the advantages according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of an injection device according to the invention.
  • An accumulator 10 provides primary pressure. This is fed to a pressure booster 12 in its low pressure chamber 14.
  • the pressure booster 12 has a high-pressure chamber 16 and a differential chamber 18 on.
  • the low pressure chamber 14 is connected to the high pressure chamber 16 via a throttle 20 and a check valve 22.
  • the check valve 22 closes in the direction of the low-pressure chamber 14.
  • the low-pressure chamber 14 is also connected to the differential chamber 18 of the pressure booster 12 via a throttle 24 and a check valve 26 connected in parallel therewith.
  • the pressure booster piston 28 is acted upon by a spring 30 for the purpose of resetting.
  • the check valve 26 blocks in the direction of the differential space 18.
  • a valve device 32 is provided, which is connected to the differential space 18 of the pressure booster 12 via a connection.
  • the other connection of the valve device 32 is connected to a return system 34.
  • the injector 40 comprises an injection nozzle 42, the pressure chamber 44 of which is connected to the inlet line 38, which is connected to the high pressure chamber 16 of the pressure booster 12.
  • the injector 40 is stroke-controlled, with a control valve 46 on the one hand with a return system 34 and on the other hand via an outlet throttle 48 with a control chamber 50 of the injection nozzle is connected.
  • the ⁇ control chamber 50 is also connected to the supply line 38 via an inlet throttle 52.
  • FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of an injection device according to the invention.
  • the differential space 18 of the pressure booster 12 is connected to the high pressure space 16 of the pressure booster 12.
  • the refilling of the high-pressure chamber 16 thus takes place via this filling path.
  • This too is provided with a throttle 56 and a non-return valve 58 blocking in the direction of the differential space 18, these components being connected in series.
  • FIG. 3 shows a third embodiment of an injection device according to the invention. This largely corresponds to the first embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 1.
  • the sealing seat or sealing device 36 (FIG. 1) for closing the inlet line 38 is, however, replaced by a slide valve 60 (FIG. 3), which closes the filling path 62 from a certain stroke of the pressure booster piston 28.
  • Figure 4 shows a fourth embodiment of the invention.
  • a separate flow limiter 64 is provided in the connection between the low-pressure chamber 14 and the high-pressure chamber 18.
  • a flow limiter 66 is arranged in the connection between the high pressure space 16 of the pressure booster 12 and the injector 40.
  • a return valve is connected 68 to the Druckverstarker 64 in series back to a Druckuber- transmission from the high pressure chamber 16 into the low pressure chamber 14 to avoid .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an injection device, with an injection nozzle (42), a pressure amplifier (12), for amplifying a primary pressure, a first valve arrangement (32), for operating the pressure amplifier (12) and an actuator for operating the first valve arrangement (32), whereby the pressure amplifier (12) is activated in a first state of the first valve arrangement (32), the pressure amplifier (12) is deactivated in a second state of the first valve arrangement (32) and a flow limiter to the injection nozzle (42) is provided. The invention further relates to a method for favourable application of the above device.

Description

Einspritzeinrichtung und Verfahren zum Einspritzen von FluidInjection device and method for injecting fluid
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Einspritzeinrichtung mit einer Einspritzdüse, einem Druckverstarker zum Verstarken eines primären Druckes, einer ersten Ventileinrichtung zum Ansteuern des Druckverstarkers und einem Stellelement zum Betatigen der ersten Ventileinrichtung. Die Erfindung betrifft ferner ein Verfahren zum Einspritzen von Fluid, bei dem in einer ersten Phase eine Einspritzung mit niedrigem Druck erfolgt und in einer zweiten Phase eine Einspritzung mit hohem Druck erfolgt.The invention relates to an injection device with an injection nozzle, a pressure booster for increasing a primary pressure, a first valve device for controlling the pressure booster and an actuating element for actuating the first valve device. The invention further relates to a method for injecting fluid, in which a low-pressure injection takes place in a first phase and a high-pressure injection takes place in a second phase.
Eine gattungsgemaße Vorrichtung und ein gattungsgemaßes Ver- fahren sind bekannt. Eine Grundanforderung an ein solches System besteht darin, die Kraftstoffeinspritzung mit einem möglichst großen Einspritzdruck vorzunehmen. Ein hoher Einspritzdruck hat positive Einflüsse auf die Funktion eines Motors; zum Beispiel werden die Schadstoffemissionen und der Kraftstoffverbrauch herabgesetzt. Es kann allerdings zusatzlich erwünscht sein, mit demselben System eine Einspritzung mit niedrigerem Druck vorzunehmen. Eine solche Einspritzung mit niedrigem Druck kann beispielsweise für eine Voreinspritzung verwendet werden, die unter anderem der Gerau- schminderung dient. Durch die Bereitstellung unterschiedlicher Drucke wahrend eines Einspritzzyklus kann beispielsweise eine vorteilhafte "boot"-Form des Einspritzdruckverlaufes erzielt werden.A generic device and a generic method are known. A basic requirement for such a system is to carry out the fuel injection with the greatest possible injection pressure. A high injection pressure has positive effects on the function of an engine; for example, pollutant emissions and fuel consumption are reduced. However, it may also be desirable to use the same system to perform lower pressure injection. Such a low-pressure injection can be used, for example, for a pre-injection which, among other things, pollution serves. By providing different pressures during an injection cycle, for example, an advantageous “boot” shape of the injection pressure curve can be achieved.
Zur Realisierung des hohen Einspritzdruckes ist ein Druckverstarker vorgesehen, welcher durch eine hydraulische Übersetzung einen primären, etwa von einem Druckspeicher zur Verfugung gestellten Druck in den erwünschten hohen Ein- spritzdruck umsetzt. Durch die geeignete Wahl der mit Kraft beaufschlagten Flachen und die Gegenkräfte elastischer Mittel kann auf diese Weise eine geeignete Druckverstarkung eingestellt werden.To achieve the high injection pressure, a pressure booster is provided which, by means of a hydraulic transmission, converts a primary pressure, such as that made available by a pressure accumulator, into the desired high injection pressure. A suitable increase in pressure can be set in this way through the suitable choice of the areas to which force is applied and the counterforces of elastic means.
Eine gattungsgemaße Druckverstarkung ist insbesondere im Zusammenhang mit einem Common-Rail-System nutzlich. Bei der Speichereinspritzung "Common-Rail" sind die primäre Druckerzeugung und die Einspritzung entkoppelt. Der Einspritzdruck wird von einer Hochdruckpumpe erzeugt und im "Rail" (Kraft- stoffSpeicher) für die Einspritzung bereitgestellt. Auf diese Weise laßt sich grundsatzlich ein gunstiger Einspritzverlauf realisieren, da insbesondere Einspritzdruck und Einspritzmenge für jeden Betriebspunkt des Motors unabhängig voneinander festgelegt werden können. Allerdings ist der Druck im Common-Rail zur Zeit noch auf ca. 1600 bar begrenzt, so daß aus Emissionsgrunden eine Erhöhung des Druk- kes erwünscht ist. Ein Druckverstarker in Kombination mit einem Common-Rail-System konnte somit besonders gute Ergebnisse liefern. Allerdings müssen bei druckverstarkten Com- mon-Rail-Systemen für die Wiederbefullung der verschiedenen funktioneilen Räume des Druckverstarkers zusatzliche Ventileinrichtungen vorgesehen werden. Gemäß dem Stand der Technik wird der gesamte Hochdruckraum im Injektor und im Druckverstarker entspannt, was zu hohen Entspannungsverlusten fuhrt.Generic pressure intensification is particularly useful in connection with a common rail system. With the common rail accumulator injection, the primary pressure generation and the injection are decoupled. The injection pressure is generated by a high-pressure pump and made available for injection in the "rail" (fuel accumulator). In this way, it is possible in principle to implement an advantageous injection profile, since in particular the injection pressure and the injection quantity can be determined independently of one another for each operating point of the engine. However, the pressure in the common rail is currently still limited to approximately 1600 bar, so that an increase in pressure is desirable for emission reasons. A pressure booster in combination with a common rail system was able to deliver particularly good results. However, in the case of pressure-reinforced common rail systems, additional valve devices must be provided for the refilling of the various functional spaces of the pressure amplifier. According to the prior art, the entire high-pressure space in the injector and in Pressure intensifier relaxes, which leads to high relaxation losses.
In Figur 5 ist ein Common-Rail-System dargestellt, bei dem ein Injektor bzw. eine Einspritzdüse 110 mit einem Druckverstarker 112 gekoppelt ist. Die Ansteuerung des Druckverstarkers 112 erfolgt über ein 2/2-Ventil 114, das den Druck im Raum 134 steuert, so daß im Vergleich zur Ansteuerung mit einem 3/2-Ventil im Druckverstarkerzulauf vergleichsweise geringe Entspannungsverluste vorliegen. Die dargestellte hydraulische Schaltung weist einen Bypass-Pfad 116 auf, um wahlweise eine Einspritzung mit Rail-Druck oder eine Einspritzung mit verstärktem Druck zu ermöglichen. Die Aktivierung bzw. die Deaktivierung des Druckverstarkers 112 erfolgt durch das Offnen bzw. Schließen des Ventils 114. Allerdings ist bei diesem System zu beachten, daß über den Bypass-Pfad 116 stets Rail-Druck zum Injektor 110 geleitet wird. Ein Klemmen der Einspritzdusennadel oder des Injektorventils wurde folglich eine Dauereinspritzung erzeugen, was schließ- lieh zur Zerstörung des Motors fuhren kann. Es ist daher erwünscht, ein System mit einer Eigensicherheit bereitzustellen, welches eine konstruktiv festgelegte maximale Einspritzmenge aufweist, das heißt eine Einspritzmenge, die im Schadensfall einer Systemkomponente nicht überschritten wer- den kann.FIG. 5 shows a common rail system in which an injector or an injection nozzle 110 is coupled to a pressure booster 112. The pressure booster 112 is controlled via a 2/2 valve 114, which controls the pressure in the space 134, so that, compared to the control with a 3/2 valve in the pressure booster inlet, there are comparatively low relaxation losses. The hydraulic circuit shown has a bypass path 116 in order to enable injection with rail pressure or injection with increased pressure. The activation or deactivation of the pressure booster 112 takes place by opening or closing the valve 114. However, in this system it should be noted that rail pressure is always conducted to the injector 110 via the bypass path 116. A jamming of the injector needle or the injector valve would consequently produce a continuous injection, which can ultimately lead to the destruction of the engine. It is therefore desirable to provide a system with intrinsic safety that has a design-determined maximum injection quantity, that is, an injection quantity that cannot be exceeded in the event of a system component being damaged.
Der Vollständigkeit halber werden noch die anderen Komponenten des in Figur 5 dargestellten Systems beschrieben. Ein Ventil 118 ist zur Hubsteuerung über eine Ablaufdrossel 120 mit einem Steuerraum 122 des Injektors 110 verbunden. DerFor the sake of completeness, the other components of the system shown in FIG. 5 are also described. A valve 118 is connected to a control chamber 122 of the injector 110 for stroke control via an outlet throttle 120. The
Steuerraum 122 steht ferner über eine Zulaufdrossel 124 mit dem Fluidzufluß in Verbindung. Das Fluid wird ferner dem Druckraum 126 der Einspritzdüse 110 zugeleitet. In der Fluidzuleitung 116 befindet sich ein Ruckschlagventil 128, welches einen Fluidtranfjport nur in Richtung der Einspritzdüse 126 zulaßt. Der Druckverstarker 112 hat einen Niederdruckraum 130, einen Hochdruckraum 132 und einen Differenzraum 134. Der Differenzraum 134 ist über eine Drossel 136 mit dem Druckspeicher ("Rail") 138 verbunden, wahrend der Niederdruckraum 130 und der Hochdruckraum 132 direkt bzw. über das Ruckschlagventil 128 mit dem Druckspeicher 138 in Verbindung stehen. Der Druckspeicher 138 hat bei einem Vierzylindermotor Anschlüsse zu vier Injektoren, denen er den Rail-Druck zur Verfugung stellt. Eine Zuleitung zum Druckspeicher 138, in welcher ein Drucksensor und ein Regelkreis vorgesehen ist, kommt von einem Kraftstofftank 140 über eine mengengeregelte Hochdruckpumpe 142.Control chamber 122 is also connected to the fluid inflow via an inlet throttle 124. The fluid is also fed to the pressure chamber 126 of the injection nozzle 110. A check valve 128 is located in the fluid supply line 116, which only permits fluid transport in the direction of the injector 126. The pressure booster 112 has a low-pressure chamber 130, a high-pressure chamber 132 and a differential chamber 134. The differential chamber 134 is connected to the pressure accumulator ("rail") 138 via a throttle 136, while the low-pressure chamber 130 and the high-pressure chamber 132 are connected directly or via the check valve 128 communicate with the accumulator 138. In a four-cylinder engine, the pressure accumulator 138 has connections to four injectors, to which it makes the rail pressure available. A supply line to the pressure accumulator 138, in which a pressure sensor and a control circuit is provided, comes from a fuel tank 140 via a quantity-controlled high-pressure pump 142.
Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention
Die Erfindung baut gemäß Anspruch 1 auf dem Stand der Technik dadurch auf, daß der Druckverstarker in einem ersten Zu- stand der ersten Ventileinrichtung aktiviert ist, daß der Druckverstarker in einem zweiten Zustand der ersten Ventileinrichtung deaktiviert ist und daß eine Durchflußmengenbegrenzung zur Einspritzdüse vorgesehen ist. Durch die Erfindung wird zum einen in einfacher Weise eine Ansteuerung ei- nes Druckverstarkers durch ein Ventil ermöglicht, wobei nur geringe Entspannungsverluste auftreten, und dies wird in vorteilhafter Weise mit einer Durchflußmengenbegrenzung zur Einspritzdüse kombiniert. Somit ist also ausgeschlossen, daß ein Verklemmen der Dusennadel bzw. des Steuerventils der Einspritzdüse zu einer Dauereinspritzung und letztlich zu einer Zerstörung des Motors fuhren konnten.According to claim 1, the invention builds on the prior art in that the pressure booster is activated in a first state of the first valve device, in that the pressure booster is deactivated in a second state of the first valve device and that a flow rate limitation to the injection nozzle is provided. On the one hand, the invention enables a pressure booster to be controlled by a valve in a simple manner, with only slight relaxation losses, and this is advantageously combined with a flow rate limitation to the injection nozzle. Thus, it is excluded that jamming of the nozzle needle or the control valve of the injection nozzle could lead to continuous injection and ultimately to the destruction of the engine.
Vorzugsweise weist der Druckverstarker einen Niederdruckraum, einen Hochdruckraum und einen Differenzraum auf, wobei die erste Ventileinrichtung mit einem ersten Anschluß mit dem Differenzraum verbunden ist, die erste Ventileinrichtung mit einem zweiten Anschluß mit einem RucklaufSystem verbunden ist und die erste Ventileinrichtung in dem ersten Zu- stand geöffnet ist, so daß der Differenzraum mit dem Rucklaufsystem verbunden ist. Im geschlossenen Zustand des Ventils ist der Kolben des Druckverstarkers somit druckausgeglichen, da sich in dem Differenzraum der Rail-Druck einstellt. Es findet keine Druckverstarkung statt. Wird aller- dings das Ventil geöffnet, so entlastet diese Maßnahme den Differenzraum. Folglich wird der Druckverstarker aktiviert, und es kann eine Einspritzung mit erhöhtem Druck erfolgen.The pressure booster preferably has a low-pressure space, a high-pressure space and a differential space, wherein the first valve device is connected to the differential space with a first connection, the first valve device is connected to a return connection system with a second connection, and the first valve device is open in the first state, so that the differential space is connected to the return system. When the valve is closed, the piston of the pressure booster is therefore pressure-balanced, since the rail pressure is established in the differential space. There is no pressure increase. However, if the valve is opened, this measure relieves the differential space. As a result, the pressure intensifier is activated and an injection with increased pressure can take place.
Es ist von Vorteil, wenn der Niederdruckraum des Druckver- starkers mit dem Differenzraum des Druckverstarkers über eine erste Drossel und eine zweite Ventileinrichtung verbunden ist, wobei die erste Drossel und die zweite Ventileinrichtung parallel angeordnet sind, die zweite Ventileinrichtung den Fluß eines Fluids von dem Differenzraum zu dem Nieder- druckraum freigibt und die zweite Ventileinrichtung den Fluß eines Fluids von dem Niederdruckraum zu dem Differenzraum sperrt. Die zweite Ventileinrichtung ermöglicht somit, daß der Differenzraum bei geöffneter erster Ventileinrichtung drucklos wird, so daß eine Aktivierung des Druckverstarkers erfolgen kann. Die zweite Ventileinheit verhindert, daß sich im Differenzraum ein Überdruck gegenüber dem Niederdruckraum aufbauen kann, über die Drossel wird der Differenzraum bei der Ruckstellung des Druckverstarkers befullt.It is advantageous if the low pressure chamber of the pressure booster is connected to the differential chamber of the pressure booster via a first throttle and a second valve device, the first throttle and the second valve device being arranged in parallel, the second valve device the flow of a fluid from the differential room releases to the low pressure space and the second valve device blocks the flow of a fluid from the low pressure space to the differential space. The second valve device thus enables the differential space to be depressurized when the first valve device is open, so that the pressure booster can be activated. The second valve unit prevents an overpressure from building up in the differential space compared to the low-pressure space. The differential space is filled via the throttle when the pressure booster is reset.
Vorzugsweise ist die zweite Ventileinrichtung ein Ruckschlagventil. Ein solches ist geeignet, die beschriebenen Funktionen der zweiten Ventileinrichtung auszufuhren. Vorzugsweise ist der Niederdruckraum des Druckverstarkers mit dem Hochdruckraum des Druckverstarkers über eine zweite Drossel und ein Ruckschlagventil verbunden, wobei das Ruckschlagventil den Fluß eines Fluids von dem Niederdruckraum zu dem Hochdruckraum freigibt und das Ruckschlagventil den Fluß eines Fluids von dem Hochdruckraum zu dem Niederdruckraum sperrt. Das Ruckschlagventil ist nutzlich, damit der Druck aus dem Hochdruckraum sich nicht in Richtung des Niederdruckraumes abbaut. Die Drossel stellt sicher, daß die Verbindung einen hinreichend kleinen Durchflußquerschnitt aufweist, so daß sie nicht als Bypass für eine Einspritzung dienen kann. Durch diese Maßnahme wird bei einem unerwünschten, erhöhten Leckagestrom im Injektor, z.B. durch Nadelklemmen, eine Druckdifferenz zwischen dem Niederdruckraum und dem Hochdruckraum des Druckverstarkers erzeugt, wodurch ein Druckverstarkerkolben seinen Maximalhub einnimmt. Die Drossel kann auch durch eine entsprechend kleine Leitung oder einen entsprechend kleinen Offnungsquerschnitt des Ruckschlagventils gebildet werden. Grundsatzlich dient die Verbindung der Wiederbefullung des Hochdruckraums des Druckverstarkers beim Ruckstellen des Druckverstarkerkolbens .The second valve device is preferably a non-return valve. This is suitable for performing the functions of the second valve device described. The low-pressure chamber of the pressure booster is preferably connected to the high-pressure chamber of the pressure booster via a second throttle and a non-return valve, wherein the non-return valve enables the flow of a fluid from the low-pressure chamber to the high-pressure chamber and the non-return valve blocks the flow of a fluid from the high-pressure chamber to the low-pressure chamber. The check valve is useful so that the pressure from the high pressure chamber does not decrease in the direction of the low pressure chamber. The throttle ensures that the connection has a sufficiently small flow cross section so that it cannot serve as a bypass for an injection. This measure creates a pressure difference between the low-pressure chamber and the high-pressure chamber of the pressure booster in the event of an undesired, increased leakage flow in the injector, for example by needle clamps, as a result of which a pressure booster piston assumes its maximum stroke. The throttle can also be formed by a correspondingly small line or a correspondingly small opening cross section of the check valve. In principle, the connection serves to refill the high pressure chamber of the pressure booster when the pressure booster piston is reset.
Ebenfalls kann vorgesehen sein, daß der Differenzraum des Druckverstarkers mit dem Hochdruckraum des Druckverstarkers über eine zweite Drossel und ein Ruckschlagventil verbunden ist, wobei das Ruckschlagventil den Fluß eines Fluids von dem Differenzraum zu dem Hochdruckraum freigibt und das Ruckschlagventil den Fluß eines Fluids von dem Hochdruckraum zu dem Differenzraum sperrt. Die genannten Komponenten er- füllen somit denselben Zweck wie im Falle der Verbindung des Niederdruckraums mit dem Hochdruckraum. Dabei kann die zweite Drossel auch entfallen und der Differenzraum des Druckverstarkers mit dem Hochdruckraum über ein Ruckschlagventil verbunden sein, da ein unerwünschter Leckagestrom im Injek- tor an der ersten Drossel zwischen Niederdruckraum und Differenzraum eine Druckdifferenz erzeugt.It can also be provided that the differential space of the pressure booster is connected to the high pressure space of the pressure booster via a second throttle and a non-return valve, the non-return valve releasing the flow of a fluid from the differential space to the high pressure space and the non-return valve the flow of a fluid from the high pressure space locks the difference space. The components mentioned therefore fulfill the same purpose as in the case of connecting the low-pressure chamber to the high-pressure chamber. The second throttle can also be omitted and the differential space of the pressure booster can be connected to the high pressure space via a check valve, since an undesired leakage flow in the injection Tor produces a pressure difference at the first throttle between the low pressure chamber and the differential chamber.
Besondere Vorzuge der Erfindung zeigen sich, wenn der Druck- verstarker ab dem Erreichen eines bestimmten Hubs eine Stromungsverbindung vom Druckspeicher zur Einspritzdüse unterbricht. Hierdurch wird verhindert, daß, etwa bei einem Verklemmen der Einspritzdüse oder einem Verklemmen des Steuerventils der Einspritzdüse, eine Dauereinspritzung und somit eine Zerstörung des Motors stattfindet. Vorzugsweise weist der Druckverstarkerkolben eine Druckflache auf, die auch nach Unterbrechung der Stromungsverbindung zum Injektor mit der Injektorzuleitung in Verbindung steht. Somit bleibt der Druckverstarkerkolben druckdifferenzgesteuert an seinem Endanschlag. Auf diese Weise wird der entsprechende Injektor im Schadensfall abgeschaltet.Particular advantages of the invention become apparent when the pressure booster interrupts a flow connection from the pressure accumulator to the injection nozzle when a certain stroke is reached. This prevents, for example in the event of jamming of the injection nozzle or jamming of the control valve of the injection nozzle, continuous injection and thus destruction of the engine. The pressure booster piston preferably has a pressure surface which is connected to the injector feed line even after the flow connection to the injector has been interrupted. Thus, the pressure booster piston remains at its end stop under pressure differential control. In this way, the corresponding injector is switched off in the event of damage.
Es ist vorteilhaft, wenn ein Verschließen der Zulaufleitung durch eine Dichtvorrichtung vorgesehen ist. Die beiden Kom- ponenten der Dichtvorrichtung fuhren dann zum Verschließen der Zulaufleitung, wenn der Druckverstarkerkolben seinen maximalen Hub eingenommen hat.It is advantageous if the inlet line is closed by a sealing device. The two components of the sealing device then lead to the closing of the feed line when the pressure booster piston has reached its maximum stroke.
Es kann aber auch vorteilhaft sein, wenn ein Verschließen des Befullungspfades durch eine Schieberdichtung vorgesehen ist. Diese Schieberdichtung kann vom Druckverstarkerkolben und der Fuhrung des Druckverstarkerkolbens gebildet werden. Ein Verschließen der Zulaufleitung kann somit ab einem bestimmten Hub erfolgen, welcher davon abhangt, an welcher Stelle der Fluidzufluß am Hochdruckraum des Druckverstarkers ansetzt .However, it can also be advantageous if the filling path is closed by a slide seal. This slide seal can be formed by the pressure booster piston and the guide of the pressure booster piston. The supply line can thus be closed from a certain stroke, which depends on the point at which the fluid inflow starts at the high-pressure chamber of the pressure booster.
Vorzugsweise sind elastische Mittel zum Ruckstellen des Druckverstarkerkolbens vorgesehen. Diese können wahlweise im Niederdruckraum, im DJ fferenzraum oder im Hochdruckraum oder an einer sonstigen geeigneten Stelle angeordnet sein. Die elastischen Mittel können beispielsweise durch eine Feder im Niederdruckraum verwirklicht sein.Elastic means for resetting the pressure booster piston are preferably provided. These can either be in Low pressure room, in the DJ conference room or in the high pressure room or at another suitable location. The elastic means can be implemented, for example, by a spring in the low pressure chamber.
Weiterhin kann es vorteilhaft sein, daß mindestens ein separater Durchflußbegrenzer vorgesehen ist. Gemäß bevorzugter Ausfuhrungs formen der Erfindung wirkt der Druckverstarker zwar gleichzeitig als Durchflußbegrenzer. Es kann allerdings unter Umstanden sinnvoll sein, einen separaten Durchflußbegrenzer zu verwenden. Dieser kann wahlweise etwa im Beful- lungspfad des Hochdruckraums oder zwischen Druckverstarker und Injektor angeordnet sein.Furthermore, it can be advantageous that at least one separate flow limiter is provided. According to preferred embodiments of the invention, the pressure booster acts simultaneously as a flow limiter. However, it may make sense to use a separate flow limiter. This can optionally be arranged, for example, in the filling path of the high-pressure chamber or between the pressure booster and the injector.
Es kann auch vorteilhaft sein, einen zweiteiligen Druckverstarkerkolben vorzusehen. Dabei kann die zweite Ventileinheit, welche parallel zur Drossel den Niederdruckraum des Druckverstarkers mit dem Differenzraum verbindet, entfallen, da durch die Trennung der Druckverstarkerkolben ein Uber- druck im Differenzraum unterbunden wird.It can also be advantageous to provide a two-part pressure booster piston. The second valve unit, which connects the low-pressure chamber of the pressure booster to the differential chamber parallel to the throttle, can be dispensed with, since an overpressure in the differential chamber is prevented by the separation of the pressure booster pistons.
Die Erfindung baut nach Anspruch 17 auf dem gattungsgemaßen Verfahren dadurch auf, daß der hohe Druck unter Aktivierung eines Druckverstarkers erzeugt wird, indem eine mit einem Differenzraum des Druckverstarkers und einem Rucklaufsystem in Verbindung stehende Ventileinrichtung geöffnet wird und daß die Durchflußmenge des Fluids zu einer Einspritzdüse begrenzt wird. Es kann somit durch eine einfache Betätigung einer Ventileinrichtung unter Vermeidung hoher Entspannungs- Verluste eine Ansteuerung, das heißt eine Aktivierung bzw. eine Deaktivierung eines Druckverstarkers erfolgen. Die Durchflußmengenbegrenzung vermeidet eine Beschädigung des Motors, welche ansonsten aufgrund einer Dauereinspritzung beim Verklemmen der Dusennadel oder des Steuerventils der Einspritzdüse erfolgen konnte.The invention is based on the generic method according to claim 17 in that the high pressure is generated by activating a pressure booster by opening a valve device connected to a differential space of the pressure booster and a return system and by limiting the flow rate of the fluid to an injection nozzle becomes. A control, that is to say an activation or deactivation of a pressure booster can thus take place by simply actuating a valve device while avoiding high relaxation losses. The flow rate limitation prevents damage to the engine, which is otherwise due to continuous injection could occur when the nozzle needle or the control valve of the injection nozzle is jammed.
Das Verfahren ist besonders vorteilhaft, wenn die maximale Einspritzmenge von dem Volumen eines Hochdruckraums des Druckverstarkers begrenzt wird. Der Druckverstarker wird also in vorteilhafte! Weise gleichzeitig zu seinem primären Zweck - der Druckverstarkung - genutzt als auch, im Sinne der Eigensicherheit, zur Durchflußmengenbegrenzung.The method is particularly advantageous if the maximum injection quantity is limited by the volume of a high-pressure chamber of the pressure booster. The pressure booster will therefore be beneficial! Used simultaneously for its primary purpose - pressure boosting - and, in the sense of intrinsic safety, to limit the flow rate.
Es kann allerdings gelegentlich auch von Vorteil sein, wenn die maximale Einspritzmenge von einem separaten Durchflußmengenbegrenzer begrenzt wird. Diese Losung, welche auch in Kombination mit einer Durchflußbegrenzung des Druckverstar- kers vorgesehen sein kann, ist grundsatzlich komplizierter. Eine separate Durchflußbegrenzung kann allerdings im Hinblick auf die Auslegung des Druckverstarkers vorteilhaft sein.However, it can sometimes be advantageous if the maximum injection quantity is limited by a separate flow limiter. This solution, which can also be provided in combination with a flow limitation of the pressure booster, is fundamentally more complicated. A separate flow limitation can, however, be advantageous with regard to the design of the pressure booster.
Es ist vorteilhaft, wenn der Injektor hubgesteuert ist, wobei sogar denkbar ist, daß das Steuerventil des Injektors von demselben Stellelement, vorzugsweise einem Piezoaktor, angesteuert wird, wie die Ventileinrichtung, welche den Druckverstarker ansteuert. Als Stellelement kann neben einem Piezoaktor beispielsweise auch ein Magnetventil vorgesehen sein.It is advantageous if the injector is stroke-controlled, it even being conceivable that the control valve of the injector is controlled by the same actuating element, preferably a piezo actuator, as the valve device which controls the pressure booster. In addition to a piezo actuator, a solenoid valve, for example, can also be provided as the actuating element.
Der Erfindung liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, daß ein System mit einer hohen Eigensicherheit unter Verwendung einer An- Steuerung eines Druckverstarkers bereitgestellt werden kann, ohne daß große Entspannungsverluste auftreten. Der Druckver¬ starker kann somit wahlweise aktiviert werden, und es kann eine Einspritzverlaufsformung vorgenommen werden. Beispielsweise kann eine Voreinspritzung mit geringem Druck und eine Haupteinspritzung mit hohem Druck stattfinden. Es kann somit zum Beispiel eine vorteilhafte "boot"-Form des Einspritzdruckverlaufes erreicht werden.The invention is based on the knowledge that a system with high intrinsic safety can be provided using a control of a pressure booster without large relaxation losses occurring. The pressure booster can thus optionally be activated, and injection course shaping can be carried out. For example, a pre-injection with low pressure and a Main injection take place at high pressure. For example, an advantageous “boot” shape of the injection pressure curve can be achieved.
Zeichnungdrawing
Die Erfindung wird nun mit Bezug auf die Zeichnung anhand spezieller Ausfuhrungsformen beispielhaft erläutert.The invention will now be explained by way of example with reference to the drawing using special embodiments.
Figur 1 zeigt eine erste Ausfuhrungsform einer erfindungsge- maßen Einspritzeinrichtung;FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of an injection device according to the invention;
Figur 2 zeigt eine zweite Ausfuhrungsform einer erfindungs- gemäßen Einspritzeinrichtung;FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of an injection device according to the invention;
Figur 3 zeigt eine dritte Ausfuhrungsform einer erfindungs- gemaßen Einspritzeinrichtung;FIG. 3 shows a third embodiment of an injection device according to the invention;
Figur 4 zeigt eine vierte Ausfuhrungsform einer erfindungs- gemaßen Einspritzeinrichtung;FIG. 4 shows a fourth embodiment of an injection device according to the invention;
Figur 5 zeigt eine Einspritzeinrichtung zur Erläuterung der erfindungsgemaßen Vorteile.FIG. 5 shows an injection device to explain the advantages according to the invention.
Beschreibung der AusfuhrungsbeispieleDescription of the exemplary embodiments
In Figur 1 ist eine erste Ausfuhrungsform einer erfindungs- gemäßen Einspritzeinrichtung dargestellt. Ein Druckspeicher 10 stellt einen primären Druck zur Verfugung. Dieser wird einem Druckverstarker 12 in seinen Niederdruckraum 14 zugeleitet. Neben dem Niederdruckraum 14 weist der Druckverstarker 12 einen Hochdruckraum 16 und einen Differenzraum 18 auf. Der Niederdruckraum 14 ist über eine Drossel 20 und ein Ruckschlagventil 22 mit dem Hochdruckraum 16 verbunden. Das Ruckschlagventil 22 sperrt in Richtung auf den Niederdruckraum 14. Der Niederdruckraum 14 ist ferner über eine Drossel 24 und ein damit parallel geschaltetes Ruckschlagventil 26 mit dem Differenzraum 18 des Druckverstarkers 12 verbunden. Der Druckverstarkerkolben 28 ist durch eine Feder 30 zum Zwecke der Ruckstellung mit Kraft beaufschlagt. Das Ruckschlagventil 26 sperrt in Richtung auf den Differenzraum 18.FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of an injection device according to the invention. An accumulator 10 provides primary pressure. This is fed to a pressure booster 12 in its low pressure chamber 14. In addition to the low-pressure chamber 14, the pressure booster 12 has a high-pressure chamber 16 and a differential chamber 18 on. The low pressure chamber 14 is connected to the high pressure chamber 16 via a throttle 20 and a check valve 22. The check valve 22 closes in the direction of the low-pressure chamber 14. The low-pressure chamber 14 is also connected to the differential chamber 18 of the pressure booster 12 via a throttle 24 and a check valve 26 connected in parallel therewith. The pressure booster piston 28 is acted upon by a spring 30 for the purpose of resetting. The check valve 26 blocks in the direction of the differential space 18.
Zur Ansteuerung des Druckverstarkers 12 ist eine Ventileinrichtung 32 vorgesehen, welche über einen Anschluß mit dem Differenzraum 18 des Druckverstarkers 12 in Verbindung steht. Der andere Anschluß der Ventileinrichtung 32 ist mit einem RucklaufSystem 34 verbunden. Bei geschlossener Ventileinrichtung 32 ist der Druckverstarkerkolben 28 druckausgeglichen, da sich im Differenzraum 18 über die Drossel 24 der im Niederdruckraum 14 herrschende Rail-Druck einstellt. Der Druckverstarker ist deaktiviert, das heißt es findet keine Druckverstarkung statt. Folglich ist eine Einspritzung mit Rail-Druck möglich. Dabei bewegt sich der Druckverstarkerkolben 28 entsprechend der eingespritzten Menge ohne Druckverstarkung nach unten. Der Druckverstarker 12 arbeitet dabei also wie ein Durchflußmengenbegrenzer. Insbesondere hat der Druckverstarkerkolben 28 an seinem Ende einen Ventilsitz 36, so daß er beim Erreichen seines Maximalhubs die Zulaufleitung 38 zum Injektor 40 verschließt.To control the pressure booster 12, a valve device 32 is provided, which is connected to the differential space 18 of the pressure booster 12 via a connection. The other connection of the valve device 32 is connected to a return system 34. When the valve device 32 is closed, the pressure booster piston 28 is pressure-balanced, since the rail pressure prevailing in the low-pressure chamber 14 is established in the differential chamber 18 via the throttle 24. The pressure booster is deactivated, i.e. there is no pressure booster. As a result, injection with rail pressure is possible. The pressure booster piston 28 moves downward according to the injected quantity without pressure boosting. The pressure booster 12 thus works like a flow limiter. In particular, the pressure booster piston 28 has a valve seat 36 at its end, so that it closes the inlet line 38 to the injector 40 when it reaches its maximum stroke.
Der Injektor 40 umfaßt eine Einspritzdüse 42, deren Druck- räum 44 mit der Zulaufleitung 38, die am Hochdruckraum 16 des Druckverstarkers 12 angeschlossen ist, verbunden ist. Der Injektor 40 ist hubgesteuert, wobei ein Steuerventil 46 einerseits mit einem RucklaufSystem 34 und andererseits über eine Ablaufdrossel 48 mit einem Steuerraum 50 der Einspritz- duse verbunden ist. Deτ Steuerraum 50 steht ferner über eine Zulaufdrossel 52 mit der Zuleitung 38 in Verbindung.The injector 40 comprises an injection nozzle 42, the pressure chamber 44 of which is connected to the inlet line 38, which is connected to the high pressure chamber 16 of the pressure booster 12. The injector 40 is stroke-controlled, with a control valve 46 on the one hand with a return system 34 and on the other hand via an outlet throttle 48 with a control chamber 50 of the injection nozzle is connected. The τ control chamber 50 is also connected to the supply line 38 via an inlet throttle 52.
Figur 2 zeigt eine zweite Ausfuhrungsform einer erfindungs- gemäßen Einspritzeinrichtung. Hier ist im Unterschied zur ersten Ausfuhrungsform gemäß Figur 1 der Differenzraum 18 des Druckverstarkers 12 mit dem Hochdruckraum 16 des Druckverstarkers 12 verbunden. Die Wiederbefullung des Hochdruckraums 16 erfolgt somit über diesen Befullungspfad. Auch die- ser ist mit einer Drossel 56 und einem in Richtung auf den Differenzraum 18 sperrenden Ruckschlagventil 58 versehen, wobei diese Komponenten hintereinander geschaltet sind.FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of an injection device according to the invention. In contrast to the first embodiment according to FIG. 1, the differential space 18 of the pressure booster 12 is connected to the high pressure space 16 of the pressure booster 12. The refilling of the high-pressure chamber 16 thus takes place via this filling path. This too is provided with a throttle 56 and a non-return valve 58 blocking in the direction of the differential space 18, these components being connected in series.
In Figur 3 ist eine dritte Ausfuhrungs form einer erfindungs- gemäßen Einspritzeinrichtung dargestellt. Diese entspricht weitgehend der in Figur 1 dargestellten ersten Ausfuhrungsform der Erfindung. Der Dichtsitz oder Dichtvorrichtung 36 (Figur 1) zum Verschließen der Zulaufleitung 38 ist allerdings durch ein Schieberventil 60 (Figur 3) ersetzt, welches den Befullungspfad 62 ab einem bestimmten Hub des Druckverstarkerkolbens 28 verschließt.FIG. 3 shows a third embodiment of an injection device according to the invention. This largely corresponds to the first embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 1. The sealing seat or sealing device 36 (FIG. 1) for closing the inlet line 38 is, however, replaced by a slide valve 60 (FIG. 3), which closes the filling path 62 from a certain stroke of the pressure booster piston 28.
Figur 4 zeigt eine vierte Ausfuhrungsform der Erfindung. In der Verbindung des Niederdruckraums 14 mit dem Hochdruckraum 18 ist ein separater Durchflußbegrenzer 64 vorgesehen. Alternativ (oder zusatzlich) ist ein Durchflußbegrenzer 66 in der Verbindung zwischen dem Hochdruckraum 16 des Druckverstarkers 12 und dem Injektor 40 angeordnet. Im Falle der An¬ ordnung des Durchflußbegrenzers in der Verbindung zwischen dem Niederdruckraum 14 und dem Hochdruckraum 16 des Druckverstarkers 12 ist wieder ein Ruckschlagventil 68 mit dem Druckverstarker 64 in Reihe geschaltet, um eine Druckuber- tragung von dem Hochdruckraum 16 in den Niederdruckraum 14 zu vermeiden. Die vorhergehende Beschreibung der Ausfuhrungsbeispiele gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung dient nur zu illustrativen Zwecken und nicht zum Zwecke der Beschrankung der Erfindung. Im Rahmen der Erfindung sind verschiedene Änderungen und Modifikationen möglich, ohne den Umfang der Erfindung sowie ihre Äquivalente zu verlassen. Figure 4 shows a fourth embodiment of the invention. A separate flow limiter 64 is provided in the connection between the low-pressure chamber 14 and the high-pressure chamber 18. Alternatively (or additionally), a flow limiter 66 is arranged in the connection between the high pressure space 16 of the pressure booster 12 and the injector 40. In the case of the on ¬ of the flow restrictor order in the communication between the low pressure chamber 14 and the high pressure chamber 16 of the Druckverstarkers 12, a return valve is connected 68 to the Druckverstarker 64 in series back to a Druckuber- transmission from the high pressure chamber 16 into the low pressure chamber 14 to avoid , The preceding description of the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention serves only for illustrative purposes and not for the purpose of restricting the invention. Various changes and modifications are possible within the scope of the invention without leaving the scope of the invention and its equivalents.

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1. Einspritzeinrichtung mit einer Einspritzdüse (42), einem Druckverstarker (12) zum Verstarken eines primären Druckes, einer ersten Ventileinrichtung (32) zum Ansteuern des Druck- Verstärkers (12) und einem Stellelement zum Betatigen der ersten Ventileinrichtung (32), dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Druckverstarker (12) in einem ersten Zustand der ersten Ventileinrichtung (32) aktiviert ist, daß der Druckverstarker (12) in einem zweiten Zustand der ersten Ventileinrich- tung (32) deaktiviert ist und daß eine Durchflußmengenbegrenzung zur Einspritzdüse (42) vorgesehen ist.1. Injection device with an injection nozzle (42), a pressure booster (12) for increasing a primary pressure, a first valve device (32) for controlling the pressure booster (12) and an actuating element for actuating the first valve device (32), characterized that the pressure booster (12) is activated in a first state of the first valve device (32), that the pressure booster (12) is deactivated in a second state of the first valve device (32) and that a flow rate limitation to the injection nozzle (42) is provided is.
2. Einspritzeinrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Druckverstarker (12) einen Niederdruckraum (14), einen Hochdruckraum (16) und einen Differenzraum (18) aufweist, daß die erste Ventileinrichtung (32) mit einem ersten Anschluß mit dem Differenzraum (18) verbunden ist, daß die erste Ventileinrichtung (32) mit einem zweiten Anschluß mit einem RucklaufSystem (34) verbunden ist und daß die er- ste Ventileinrichtung (32) in dem ersten Zustand geöffnet ist, so daß der Differenzraum (18) mit dem Rucklaufsystem (34) verbunden ist. 2. Injection device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure booster (12) has a low pressure chamber (14), a high pressure chamber (16) and a differential chamber (18), that the first valve device (32) with a first connection to the differential chamber ( 18) that the first valve device (32) is connected to a return connection (34) by a second connection and that the first valve device (32) is open in the first state, so that the differential space (18) is connected to the Return system (34) is connected.
3. Einspritzeinrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Niederdruckraum (14) des Druckverstarkers (12) mit dem Differenzraum (18) des Druckverstarkers (12) über eine erste Drossel (24) und eine zweite Ventilein- richtung (26) verbunden ist, wobei die erste Drossel (24) und die zweite Ventileinrichtung (26) parallel angeordnet sind, die zweite Ventileinrichtung (26) den Fluß eines Fluids von dem Differenzraum (18) zu dem Niederdruckraum (24) freigibt und die zweite Ventileinrichtung (26) den Fluß eines Fluids von dem Niederdruckraum (14) zu dem Differenzraum (18) sperrt.3. Injection device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the low pressure chamber (14) of the pressure booster (12) with the differential chamber (18) of the pressure booster (12) via a first throttle (24) and a second valve device (26) is connected, wherein the first throttle (24) and the second valve device (26) are arranged in parallel, the second valve device (26) enables the flow of a fluid from the differential chamber (18) to the low pressure chamber (24) and the second valve device (26 ) blocks the flow of a fluid from the low pressure space (14) to the differential space (18).
4. Einspritzeinrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zweite Ventileinrich- tung ein Ruckschlagventil (26) ist.4. Injection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second valve device is a check valve (26).
5. Einspritzeinrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Druckverstarker (12) ab dem Erreichen eines bestimmten Hubs eine Zulaufleitung (38) zu der Einspritzdüse (42) verschließt.5. Injection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pressure booster (12) closes an inlet line (38) to the injection nozzle (42) from reaching a certain stroke.
6. Einspritzeinrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zum Verschließen der Zulaufleitung (38) ein Dichtsitz (36) vorgesehen ist.6. Injection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a sealing seat (36) is provided for closing the inlet line (38).
7. Einspritzeinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zum Verschließen eines Beful- lungspfades (62) eine Schieberdichtung (60) vorgesehen ist.7. Injection device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a slide seal (60) is provided for closing a filling path (62).
8. Einspritzeinrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Niederdruckraum (14) des Druckverstarkers (12) mit dem Hochdruckraum (16) des Druckverstarkers (12) über eine zweite Drossel (20) und ein Ruckschlagventil (22) verbunden ist, wobei das Ruckschlag- ventil (22) den Fluß eines Fluids von dem Niederdruckraum (14) zu dem Hochdruckraum freigibt und das Ruckschlagventil (22) den Fluß eines Fluids von dem Hochdruckraum (16) zu dem Niederdruckraum (14) sperrt.8. Injection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the low pressure chamber (14) of the pressure booster (12) is connected to the high pressure chamber (16) of the pressure booster (12) via a second throttle (20) and a check valve (22), the kickback valve (22) releases the flow of a fluid from the low pressure chamber (14) to the high pressure chamber and the check valve (22) blocks the flow of a fluid from the high pressure chamber (16) to the low pressure chamber (14).
9. Einspritzeinrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Differenzraum (18) des Druckverstarkers (12) mit dem Hochdruckraum (16) des Druckverstarkers (12) über ein Ruckschlagventil (58) verbunden ist, wobei das Ruckschlagventil (58) den Fluß eines Fluids von dem Differenzraum (18) zu dem Hochdruckraum (16) freigibt und das Ruckschlagventil (58) den Fluß eines Fluids von dem Hochdruckraum (16) zu dem Differenzraum (18) sperrt.9. Injection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the differential space (18) of the pressure booster (12) with the high pressure space (16) of the pressure booster (12) is connected via a check valve (58), the check valve (58) Flow of a fluid from the differential space (18) to the high pressure space (16) releases and the check valve (58) blocks the flow of a fluid from the high pressure space (16) to the differential space (18).
10. Einspritzeinrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Differenzraum (18) des Druckverstarkers (12) mit dem Hochdruckraum (16) des Druckverstarkers (12) zusatzlich über eine zweite Drossel (56) verbunden ist.10. Injection device according to claim 9, characterized in that the differential space (18) of the pressure booster (12) with the high pressure space (16) of the pressure booster (12) is additionally connected via a second throttle (56).
11. Einspritzeinrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß elastische Mittel (30) zum Ruckstellen eines Druckverstarkerkolbens (28) vorgesehen sind.11. Injection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that elastic means (30) for resetting a pressure booster piston (28) are provided.
12. Einspritzeinrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein zweiteiliger Druckverstarkerkolben vorgesehen ist.12. Injection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a two-part pressure booster piston is provided.
13. Einspritzeinrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden An- spruche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens ein Druckverstarkerkolben eine Stromungsverbindung zu einem Injektor (40) steuert. 13. Injection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one pressure booster piston controls a flow connection to an injector (40).
14. Einspritzeinrichtung nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Druckverstarkerkolben in seiner Endstellung eine Stromungsverbindung zum Injektor (40) unterbricht.14. Injection device according to claim 13, characterized in that the pressure booster piston interrupts a flow connection to the injector (40) in its end position.
15. Einspritzeinrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens ein separater Durchflußmengenbegrenzer (64, 66) vorgesehen ist.15. Injection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one separate flow limiter (64, 66) is provided.
16. Einspritzeinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Durchflußmengenbegrenzung durch den Druckverstarker (12) erfolgt.16. Injection device according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the flow rate is limited by the pressure booster (12).
17. Verfahren zum Einspritzen von Fluid, bei dem in einer ersten Phase eine Einspritzung mit niedrigem Druck erfolgt und in einer zweiten Phase eine Einspritzung mit hohem Druck erfolgt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der hohe Druck unter Aktivierung eines Druckverstarkers (12) erzeugt wird, indem eine mit einem Differenzraum (18) des Druckverstarkers (12) und einem RucklaufSystem (34) in Verbindung stehende Venti- leinrichtung (32) geöffnet wird, und daß die Durchflußmenge eines Fluids zu einer Einspritzdüse (42) begrenzt wird.17. A method for injecting fluid, in which a low-pressure injection takes place in a first phase and a high-pressure injection takes place in a second phase, characterized in that the high pressure is generated by activating a pressure booster (12) by a valve device (32) which is connected to a differential chamber (18) of the pressure booster (12) and a return system (34) is opened, and that the flow rate of a fluid to an injection nozzle (42) is limited.
18. Verfahren nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die maximale Einspritzmenge vom Volumen eines Hochdruckraums (16) des Druckverstarkers (12) begrenzt wird.18. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that the maximum injection quantity is limited by the volume of a high pressure chamber (16) of the pressure booster (12).
19. Verfahren nach Anspruch 13 oder 15, dadurch gekennzeich¬ net, daß die maximale Einspritzmenge von einem separaten Durchflußbegrenzer (64, 66) begrenzt wird. 19. The method of claim 13 or 15, characterized in ¬ net, that the maximum injection quantity by a separate flow restrictor (64, 66) is limited.
EP01909455A 2000-01-20 2001-01-12 Injection device and method for injecting a fluid Expired - Lifetime EP1252437B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10002273 2000-01-20
DE10002273A DE10002273A1 (en) 2000-01-20 2000-01-20 Injection device and method for injecting fluid
PCT/DE2001/000098 WO2001052916A2 (en) 2000-01-20 2001-01-12 Injection device and method for injecting a fluid

Publications (2)

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EP1252437A2 true EP1252437A2 (en) 2002-10-30
EP1252437B1 EP1252437B1 (en) 2004-09-22

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US (1) US20030127539A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1252437B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2003520317A (en)
KR (1) KR20020074481A (en)
AT (1) ATE277279T1 (en)
DE (2) DE10002273A1 (en)
TW (1) TW558607B (en)
WO (1) WO2001052916A2 (en)

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DE10002273A1 (en) 2001-08-02
TW558607B (en) 2003-10-21
WO2001052916A3 (en) 2002-02-14
KR20020074481A (en) 2002-09-30
ATE277279T1 (en) 2004-10-15
US20030127539A1 (en) 2003-07-10
JP2003520317A (en) 2003-07-02
EP1252437B1 (en) 2004-09-22
WO2001052916A2 (en) 2001-07-26
DE50103747D1 (en) 2004-10-28

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