EP1251011A2 - Method for varying full-tone colour density in offset printing inside a rotation printing machine - Google Patents
Method for varying full-tone colour density in offset printing inside a rotation printing machine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1251011A2 EP1251011A2 EP02008377A EP02008377A EP1251011A2 EP 1251011 A2 EP1251011 A2 EP 1251011A2 EP 02008377 A EP02008377 A EP 02008377A EP 02008377 A EP02008377 A EP 02008377A EP 1251011 A2 EP1251011 A2 EP 1251011A2
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- area
- color
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- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000007645 offset printing Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007774 anilox coating Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005577 local transmission Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000763 evoking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
- B41F33/00—Indicating, counting, warning, control or safety devices
- B41F33/0027—Devices for scanning originals, printing formes or the like for determining or presetting the ink supply
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41C—PROCESSES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR REPRODUCTION OF PRINTING SURFACES
- B41C1/00—Forme preparation
- B41C1/02—Engraving; Heads therefor
- B41C1/04—Engraving; Heads therefor using heads controlled by an electric information signal
- B41C1/05—Heat-generating engraving heads, e.g. laser beam, electron beam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41C—PROCESSES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR REPRODUCTION OF PRINTING SURFACES
- B41C1/00—Forme preparation
- B41C1/10—Forme preparation for lithographic printing; Master sheets for transferring a lithographic image to the forme
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M1/00—Inking and printing with a printer's forme
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M1/00—Inking and printing with a printer's forme
- B41M1/02—Letterpress printing, e.g. book printing
- B41M1/04—Flexographic printing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M1/00—Inking and printing with a printer's forme
- B41M1/06—Lithographic printing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M1/00—Inking and printing with a printer's forme
- B41M1/10—Intaglio printing ; Gravure printing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41N—PRINTING PLATES OR FOILS; MATERIALS FOR SURFACES USED IN PRINTING MACHINES FOR PRINTING, INKING, DAMPING, OR THE LIKE; PREPARING SUCH SURFACES FOR USE AND CONSERVING THEM
- B41N1/00—Printing plates or foils; Materials therefor
- B41N1/12—Printing plates or foils; Materials therefor non-metallic other than stone, e.g. printing plates or foils comprising inorganic materials in an organic matrix
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO PRINTING, LINING MACHINES, TYPEWRITERS, AND TO STAMPS
- B41P2233/00—Arrangements for the operation of printing presses
- B41P2233/50—Marks on printed material
- B41P2233/51—Marks on printed material for colour quality control
Definitions
- controllability of the inking unit with regard to the range of colors has disadvantages both in terms of the standard effort, as well as in terms of the resulting resulting complexity of the inking unit, as well as in terms of the desired Different color samples have no effect on subsequent ones Printed copies.
- inking systems e.g. B. in offset printing the anilox inking unit, that is Short inking unit for printing with low-viscosity printing inks, for example for the Newspaper printing, the ink more directly over an anilox roller and a few Bring the intermediate cylinder onto the printing form and thus considerably reduce it Show complexity with all the resulting benefits.
- inking units only allow a very limited regulation of the Color range.
- Each substrate now needs a specific one for a defined solid color density Color quantity, depending on surface roughness, absorbency, kick-off behavior and others.
- An inking unit that cannot be regulated in terms of ink quantity in connection with A binary printing form can therefore only have certain solid densities, depending on The type of substrate fluctuates, it should not be different depending on the substrate Anilox roller or a color of other pigment concentrations or viscosity be used.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a method for varying the Color density of the full tone when printing within a rotary printing press develop that despite the constant color supply of the inking unit or the color-applying elements a control of the solid color density, or a Adjustment of the halftone values in the print allowed.
- the object is achieved by the measures of claim 1. That included the printing process used itself can preferably be lithographic offset, High pressure, flexographic or electrophotographic or electrographic Be pressure. However, the invention is not limited to these methods.
- the geometric tonal value increase in color transfer from the Note the printing form on the substrate.
- dot gain is based on the concept of area coverage. Area coverage is defined as the share of Area in a specific location that is covered with paint. This is measured either via optical-geometric measurement methods, which the pure measure geometric area coverage or by measuring the Transmission ratios of fully covered area (full tone) and the partially covered area (halftone), which is then the effective or optical Measure area coverage.
- the screen dot size (in a basic screen) is a decisive factor for the print quality. Lighter color nuances are usually represented in printing by rasterizing the three basic colors cyan, magenta and yellow together with black. The dot size is determined in the binary imaging of the printing form in accordance with the tonal values of the respective image information. During screening, bright image areas are broken down into small and dark image areas into larger screen dots (binary, area-variable image information). This applies to both a periodic autotype grid and a stochatic grid.
- the area coverage in% serves as image information.
- the halftone value can be in Percent area coverage are specified, i.e. 0% for white and 100% for Full surface. As is well known, the halftone tone value does not correspond to the print geometrical area coverage on the printing form, since both geometrical and optical effects also lead to a so-called dot gain.
- Tonal value increase in the sense meant here is the increase in Coverage from the printing form to the substrate.
- the dot gain splits into two parts, an optical and a geometric.
- the optical component is caused by light migration in the substrate (light trap) uncovered areas to the covered areas.
- the geometrical The part that just plays a role in the method according to the invention is represented by Squeezing effects in the ink transfer points from the printing form to the substrate or in electrophotography using toner clouds around the actual image areas evoked around. This effect reduces that on the printing form not covered area geometrically from the edges of the covered area.
- Controlling the color given is the basic grid of halftone dots for the area-variable image information, which determines the area coverage, a very fine, preferably compared to the basic grid by at least a factor of two finer micro grid is subordinate to the area coverage of the basic grid the set percentage is reduced.
- the printing form now takes according to the geometrically covered areas from the system providing the color Ink off - in offset these are the inking rollers of the inking unit - through which However, the microgrid does not appear on the printing substrate more.
- the dot gain results from the difference of the known Screen tone value for the printing form illustration and the measured Screen tone value in print.
- the dot gain as a deviation of the Screen tone value in print from the screen tone value of the printing form can be used for Imaging and micro grid backing can be used directly in a so-called Pressure characteristic curve are shown.
- This generation of characteristic curves and their Use in the printing process is from densitometric measuring technology for Printing presses are well known and are not discussed further here.
- Fig. 1 B shows schematically. It is of course possible in Area of the highlights according to FIG. 1 C) to dispense with a micro grid, or to set to 0% tonal value reduction. Also a smooth transition with a high one Reduction with large tonal values and little to no reduction in small tonal values are conceivable.
- the entire point structure must be in its transmission characteristics be characterized and compensated.
- Area lower optical density of a raster point and in particular also the Solid tone density must of course be used when determining a tone value curve be taken into account.
- the effective optical area coverage is then analogous to previous measurement, the ratio of remission of the grid area to Solid area, even if the printing form for both the solid and the halftone dot Can have holes.
- the above procedure is also based on stochastic grids and hybrid Grid transferable.
- the points are then essentially the same size a micro grid is highlighted. This happens in an extended version of the Then the procedure after checking the environment is not, or only to a lesser extent Extent when a point stands alone or a cluster does not have a certain size exceeds.
- the micro grid can also be stochastic both in connection with conventional as well as stochastic Screening.
- the method according to the invention for offset printing is preferably used an anilox inking unit used.
- the printing form preferably a thermal one imageable plate or sleeve without chemical aftertreatment, which is a very high edge sharpness and resolution is allowed in or outside the Printing machine with a resolution of z.
- the laser imagesetter writes with continuous steel.
- the basic grid is not modified for maximum color transfer, or set to 0% area coverage reduction.
- 25% in the covered areas i.e. the Area elements of the binary image information
- the Laser writing beam each two pixels (halftone dots) wide, i.e. e.g. switched on for 10 ⁇ m, then one pixel (halftone dot) i.e. for 5 ⁇ m switched off. In the adjacent writing line, one pixel is then offset, written the same pattern, so that each 5 ⁇ m insulated holes arise.
- Another embodiment can write beams larger than 10 microns use, but is not limited to this. Is in the writing direction of the Laser beam realizes a higher addressability than the spot diameter corresponds, the addressability grid in the scanning direction is narrower than transverse to Scanning direction. It can be used to create rectangular holes that are perpendicular to the Scanning direction lie (see Fig. 3 A)) up to the square hole (see Fig. 3 B) and C)) and rectangular hole in the scanning direction.
- the proportion of 20 ⁇ m points to 10 ⁇ m points can then still be an intermediate gradation can be created.
- Area of the higher Area coverage can be transferred with the same effective area coverage Color amount can be controlled via the average hole size. If the holes in the Medium is larger, more color is transferred than medium-sized ones but more numerous holes, because then the continuous solid areas are smaller.
- this can also be used for correcting tonal value characteristics in conventional inking units which can be regulated in zones or over a wide range.
- the full tone is not interspersed with holes and its effective density is reduced, but only the halftone dots according to a predetermined characteristic.
- it can be used to produce a printing press with a linear transfer characteristic by just compensating for the effective dot gain.
- Another alternative application is a local reduction in the full tone or Screen density, depending on predictable color transfer deviations from the target, e.g. Paint waste or stenciling. This is a compensation of Weaknesses in the paint application system possible, both independent of the subject can also be subject to subject.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Manufacture Or Reproduction Of Printing Formes (AREA)
- Printing Methods (AREA)
- Color Image Communication Systems (AREA)
- Inking, Control Or Cleaning Of Printing Machines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Bei digitalen Druckverfahren, d. h. bei Verfahren zur Herstellung von Druckformen im binären Sinne, bei denen lokal ein Farbangebot entweder angenommen wird oder nicht, wie z. B. beim Flachdruck, d. h. beim Offset-Druck, wird die Farbdichte von ununterbrochenen Farbschichten, Vollton genannt, über das Farbangebot des Farbversorgungssystems an die Druckform gesteuert.In digital printing processes, i.e. H. in processes for the production of printing forms in the binary sense, where a range of colors is either accepted locally or not, such as B. in planographic printing, d. H. in offset printing, the color density of uninterrupted layers of color, called full tone, about the color range of the Ink supply system controlled to the printing form.
Im herkömmlichen Offset-Druck wird bekanntlich das Farbangebot und damit die Dicke der der Druckform angebotenen Farbschicht über sogenannte Farbzonenschrauben geregelt. Die Druckform nimmt dann nur dort, wo sie farbannehmend ist, gemäß der Farbspaltung die Farbe proportional der angebotenen Menge ab. Mehr Farbangebot führt zu einer höheren Farbschichtdicke und damit zu einer höheren Volltondichte.In conventional offset printing, it is known that the range of colors and thus the Thickness of the ink layer offered to the printing form via so-called Color zone screws regulated. The printing form then takes only where it is is color accepting, according to the color splitting the color is proportional to the offered quantity. More colors lead to a higher one Color layer thickness and thus to a higher solid color density.
Die Regelbarkeit des Farbwerks bezüglich Farbangebot hat jedoch Nachteile sowohl hinsichtlich des Regelaufwandes, als auch hinsichtlich der daraus resultierenden Komplexität des Farbwerks, sowie hinsichtlich der erwünschten Rückwirkungsfreiheit verschiedener Farbabnahmen auf nachfolgenden Druckexemplaren.However, the controllability of the inking unit with regard to the range of colors has disadvantages both in terms of the standard effort, as well as in terms of the resulting resulting complexity of the inking unit, as well as in terms of the desired Different color samples have no effect on subsequent ones Printed copies.
Es gibt nun Farbwerke, z. B. im Offset-Druck das Aniloxfarbwerk, also einem Kurzfarbwerk zum Druck mit niederviskosen Druckfarben für beispielsweise den Zeitungsdruck, welche die Farbe direkter über eine Rasterwalze und wenige Zwischenzylinder auf die Druckform bringen und damit eine erheblich verringerte Komplexität mit allen daraus resultierenden Vorteilen aufweisen. Diese Form der Farbwerke erlaubt jedoch nur noch eine sehr eingeschränkte Regelung des Farbangebotes. There are now inking systems, e.g. B. in offset printing the anilox inking unit, that is Short inking unit for printing with low-viscosity printing inks, for example for the Newspaper printing, the ink more directly over an anilox roller and a few Bring the intermediate cylinder onto the printing form and thus considerably reduce it Show complexity with all the resulting benefits. This form of However, inking units only allow a very limited regulation of the Color range.
Jeder Bedruckstoff benötigt nun für eine definierte Volltondichte eine spezifische Farbmenge, je nach Oberflächenrauhigkeit, Saugfähigkeit, Wegschlagverhalten und anderem. Ein nicht farbmengenregelbares Farbwerk im Zusammenhang mit einer binären Druckform kann deshalb nur bestimmte Volltondichten, die je nach Bedruckstoffart schwanken, realisieren, soll nicht je nach Bedruckstoff eine andere Rasterwalze oder eine Farbe anderer Pigmentkonzentrationen oder Viskosität verwendet werden.Each substrate now needs a specific one for a defined solid color density Color quantity, depending on surface roughness, absorbency, kick-off behavior and others. An inking unit that cannot be regulated in terms of ink quantity in connection with A binary printing form can therefore only have certain solid densities, depending on The type of substrate fluctuates, it should not be different depending on the substrate Anilox roller or a color of other pigment concentrations or viscosity be used.
Aufgabe vorliegender Erfindung ist es deshalb, ein Verfahren zum Variieren der Farbdichte des Volltons beim Druck innerhalb einer Rotationsdruckmaschine zu entwickeln, das trotz konstantem Farbangebot des Farbwerks bzw. der farbantragenden Elemente eine Steuerung der Volltondichte, bzw. eine Anpassung der Rastertonwerte im Druck erlaubt.The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a method for varying the Color density of the full tone when printing within a rotary printing press develop that despite the constant color supply of the inking unit or the color-applying elements a control of the solid color density, or a Adjustment of the halftone values in the print allowed.
Die Aufgabe wird durch die Maßnahmen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Das dabei verwendete Druckverfahren selbst kann dabei bevorzugt lithographischer Offset, Hochdruck, Flexodruck oder elektrophotographischer bzw. elektrographischer Druck sein. Die Erfindung ist jedoch nicht auf diese Verfahren beschränkt.The object is achieved by the measures of claim 1. That included the printing process used itself can preferably be lithographic offset, High pressure, flexographic or electrophotographic or electrographic Be pressure. However, the invention is not limited to these methods.
Insbesondere wird die geometrische Tonwertzunahme beim Farbübertrag von der Druckform auf den Bedruckstoff beachtet. Der Begriff Tonwertzunahme basiert auf dem Begriff der Flächendeckung. Flächendeckung ist definiert als der Anteil der Fläche an einem bestimmten Ort, der mit Farbe bedeckt ist. Gemessen wird diese entweder über optisch-geometrische Messmethoden, welche die rein geometrische Flächendeckung messen oder über die Messung der Transmissionsverhältnisse von voll gedeckter Fläche (Vollton) und der teilgedeckent Fläche (Halbton), welche dann die effektive oder optische Flächendeckung messen.In particular, the geometric tonal value increase in color transfer from the Note the printing form on the substrate. The term dot gain is based on the concept of area coverage. Area coverage is defined as the share of Area in a specific location that is covered with paint. This is measured either via optical-geometric measurement methods, which the pure measure geometric area coverage or by measuring the Transmission ratios of fully covered area (full tone) and the partially covered area (halftone), which is then the effective or optical Measure area coverage.
Bekanntlich ist neben der Volltondichte und damit der Farbschichtdicke die
Rasterpunktgrösse (in einem Grundraster) ein massgebender Faktor für die
Druckqualität. Hellere Farbnuancen werden im Druck üblicherweise durch
Aufrasterung der drei Grundfarben Cyan, Magenta und Gelb zusammen mit
Schwarz dargestellt. Die Rasterpunktgrösse wird bei der binären Bebilderung der
Druckform entsprechend den Tonwerten der jeweiligen Bildinformationen
festgelegt. Bei der Rasterung werden helle Bildstellen in kleine und dunkle
Bildstellen in grössere Rasterpunkte (binäre, flächenvariable Bildinformationen)
zerlegt.
Dies gilt sowohl für ein periodisches autotypisches Raster als auch ein
stochatisches Raster.As is known, in addition to the solid color density and thus the ink layer thickness, the screen dot size (in a basic screen) is a decisive factor for the print quality. Lighter color nuances are usually represented in printing by rasterizing the three basic colors cyan, magenta and yellow together with black. The dot size is determined in the binary imaging of the printing form in accordance with the tonal values of the respective image information. During screening, bright image areas are broken down into small and dark image areas into larger screen dots (binary, area-variable image information).
This applies to both a periodic autotype grid and a stochatic grid.
Zur zahlenmässigen Erfassung und Festlegung der verschiedenen binären Bildinformationen dient die Flächendeckung in %. Der Rastertonwert kann in Prozent Flächendeckung angegeben werden, also 0% für weiss und 100% für Vollfläche. Der Rastertonwert entspricht allerdings bekanntlich im Druck nicht der geometrischen Flächendeckung auf der Druckform, da sowohl geometrische als auch optische Effekte zu einer sogenannten Tonwertzunahme führen.For numerical recording and definition of the different binary The area coverage in% serves as image information. The halftone value can be in Percent area coverage are specified, i.e. 0% for white and 100% for Full surface. As is well known, the halftone tone value does not correspond to the print geometrical area coverage on the printing form, since both geometrical and optical effects also lead to a so-called dot gain.
Tonwertzunahme im hier gemeinten Sinne ist also die Zunahme der Flächendeckung von der Druckform zum Bedruckstoff. Die Tonwertzunahme spaltet sich in zwei Anteile auf, einen optischen und einen geometrischen. Der optische Anteil wird durch Lichtmigration im Bedruckstoff (Lichtfang) von den ungedeckten Flächen zu den gedeckten Flächen hervorgerufen. Der geometrische Anteil, der eben für das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren eine Rolle spielt, wird durch Quetscheffekte in den Farbübertragsstellen von der Druckform zum Bedruckstoff oder in der Elektrophotographie durch Tonerwolken um die eigentlichen Bildstellen herum hervorgerufen. Durch diesen Effekt verringert sich die auf der Druckform nicht gedeckte Fläche geometrisch von den Rändern der gedeckten Fläche her.Tonal value increase in the sense meant here is the increase in Coverage from the printing form to the substrate. The dot gain splits into two parts, an optical and a geometric. The optical component is caused by light migration in the substrate (light trap) uncovered areas to the covered areas. The geometrical The part that just plays a role in the method according to the invention is represented by Squeezing effects in the ink transfer points from the printing form to the substrate or in electrophotography using toner clouds around the actual image areas evoked around. This effect reduces that on the printing form not covered area geometrically from the edges of the covered area.
Um nun bei gleichbleibendem Farbangebot die Menge der auf den Bedruckstoff abgegebenen Farbe zu steuern, wird dem Grundraster von Rasterpunkten für die flächenvariablen Bildinformationen, das die Flächendeckung bestimmt, ein sehr feines, vorzugsweise gegenüber dem Grundraster um mindestens den Faktor zwei feineres Mikroraster unterlagert, das die Flächendeckung des Grundrasters um den eingestellten Prozentsatz verringert. Die Druckform nimmt nun gemäß den geometrisch gedeckten Flächen aus dem die Farbe bereitstellenden System Farbe ab - im Offset sind dies die Auftragswalzen des Farbwerks -, durch die Tonwertzunahme erscheint das Mikroraster auf dem Bedruckstoff jedoch nicht mehr. Die Tonwertzunahme ergibt sich aus der Differenz des bekannten Rastertonwertes für die Druckformbebilderung und dem gemessenen Rastertonwert im Druck. Die Tonwertzunahme als Abweichung des Rastertonwertes im Druck vom Rastertonwert der Druckform kann für die Bebilderung und Mikrorasterunterlegung direkt verwendbar in einer sogenannten Druckkennlinie dargestellt werden. Diese Kennlinienerstellung und deren Verwendung im Druckprozess ist aus der densitometrischen Messtechnik für Druckmaschinen hinlänglich bekannt und hier nicht weiter erörtert.In order to ensure that the amount of ink on the substrate is the same with the same range of colors Controlling the color given is the basic grid of halftone dots for the area-variable image information, which determines the area coverage, a very fine, preferably compared to the basic grid by at least a factor of two finer micro grid is subordinate to the area coverage of the basic grid the set percentage is reduced. The printing form now takes according to the geometrically covered areas from the system providing the color Ink off - in offset these are the inking rollers of the inking unit - through which However, the microgrid does not appear on the printing substrate more. The dot gain results from the difference of the known Screen tone value for the printing form illustration and the measured Screen tone value in print. The dot gain as a deviation of the Screen tone value in print from the screen tone value of the printing form can be used for Imaging and micro grid backing can be used directly in a so-called Pressure characteristic curve are shown. This generation of characteristic curves and their Use in the printing process is from densitometric measuring technology for Printing presses are well known and are not discussed further here.
Für den Fall des Volltons sieht dies wie in Figur 1 A) aus, wo die Auswirkungen des Vollerwerdens auf das Druckergebnis schematisch dargestellt sind. Hier hat das Grundraster eine Mikrorasterunterlegung von 50 %, d. h. es wird auch nur ungefähr 50 % der Farbmenge eines vollgedeckten Volltons abgenommen. Auf dem Bedruckstoff erscheint nun durch die geometrische Tonwertzunahme dieses Mikroraster nicht mehr und ein Vollton mit wesentlich reduzierter Dichte ist das Resultat.In the case of the full tone, this looks like in Figure 1 A), where the effects of becoming full on the print result are shown schematically. Here has the basic grid has a micro grid backing of 50%, d. H. it will only approximately 50% of the amount of color of a full solid has been removed. On the substrate now appears due to the geometric dot gain Micraster no longer and a full tone with significantly reduced density is that Result.
Diese Vorgehensweise kann auch im Bereich der Rastertöne (Halbtöne) fortgesetzt werden, wie Fig. 1 B) schematisch zeigt. Es ist natürlich möglich im Bereich der Hochlichter gemäß Fig. 1 C) auf eine Mikroraster zu verzichten, bzw. auf 0% Tonwertreduzierung zu stellen. Auch ein weicher Übergang mit hoher Reduzerierung bei großen Tonwerten und geringer bis keiner Reduzierung bei kleinen Tonwerten ist denkbar.This procedure can also be used in the area of halftones continue, as Fig. 1 B) shows schematically. It is of course possible in Area of the highlights according to FIG. 1 C) to dispense with a micro grid, or to set to 0% tonal value reduction. Also a smooth transition with a high one Reduction with large tonal values and little to no reduction in small tonal values are conceivable.
Eine diesen Effekt unterstützende Tatsache ist weiterhin, dass die übertragenen Farbschichtdicken mit dem Durchmesser des farbübertragenden Flächenelements proportional abnehmen. Dieser Effekt beginnt ab etwa 30 µm Durchmesser des druckenden Elements aufzutreten. Damit überträgt eine vollgedeckte Fläche mehr Farbe pro Flächeneinheit als sehr kleine Rasterpunkte der gleichen geometrischen Fläche.Another fact that supports this effect is that the transmitted Ink layer thicknesses with the diameter of the ink-transferring surface element decrease proportionally. This effect starts from about 30 µm in diameter printing element. This means that a fully covered area transmits more Color per unit area as very small halftone dots of the same geometric Area.
Natürlich muss der gesamte Punktaufbau in seinen Übertragungskennlinien charakterisiert und kompensiert werden. Die im Verhältnis zur vollgedeckten Fläche geringere optische Dichte eines Rasterpunktes und insbesondere auch der Volltondichte muss selbstverständlich beim Bestimmen einer Tonwertkurve berücksichtigt werden. Die effektive optische Flächendeckung ist dann, analog zur bisherigen Messung, das Verhältnis von Remission der Rasterfläche zur Volltonfläche, auch wenn die Druckform sowohl beim Vollton als beim Rasterpunkt Löcher aufweisen kann.Of course, the entire point structure must be in its transmission characteristics be characterized and compensated. In relation to the fully covered Area lower optical density of a raster point and in particular also the Solid tone density must of course be used when determining a tone value curve be taken into account. The effective optical area coverage is then analogous to previous measurement, the ratio of remission of the grid area to Solid area, even if the printing form for both the solid and the halftone dot Can have holes.
Die genannte Vorgehensweise ist auch auf stochastische Raster und hybride Raster übertragbar. Hier wird den dann im wesentlichen gleich großen Punkten ein Mikroraster unterlegt. Dies geschieht in einer erweiterten Version des Verfahrens nach Prüfung der Umgebung dann nicht, bzw. nur in geringerem Ausmaß, wenn ein Punkt allein steht oder ein Cluster eine bestimmte Größe nicht übersteigt. Auch das Mikroraster kann stochastisch angelegt sein, und zwar sowohl im Zusammenhang mit konventioneller als auch mit stochastischer Rasterung.The above procedure is also based on stochastic grids and hybrid Grid transferable. Here the points are then essentially the same size a micro grid is highlighted. This happens in an extended version of the Then the procedure after checking the environment is not, or only to a lesser extent Extent when a point stands alone or a cluster does not have a certain size exceeds. The micro grid can also be stochastic both in connection with conventional as well as stochastic Screening.
Vorzugsweise wird das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren für den Offset-Druck mit einem Aniloxfarbwerk verwendet. Die Druckform, bevorzugt eine thermisch bebilderbare Platte oder Hülse ohne chemische Nachbehandlung, die eine sehr hohe Kantenschärfe und Auflösung erlaubt, wird in oder außerhalb der Druckmaschine mit einer Auflösung von z. B. 2000 Linien pro cm mittels eines Laserbelichters bebildert (siehe beispielsweise die DE 196 24 441 C1 oder die EP 0 363 842 B1). Der Laserbelichter schreibt mit kontinuierlichen Stahlen.The method according to the invention for offset printing is preferably used an anilox inking unit used. The printing form, preferably a thermal one imageable plate or sleeve without chemical aftertreatment, which is a very high edge sharpness and resolution is allowed in or outside the Printing machine with a resolution of z. B. 2000 lines per cm using a Illustrated laser imagesetter (see for example DE 196 24 441 C1 or EP 0 363 842 B1). The laser imagesetter writes with continuous steel.
Für maximalen Farbmengenübertrag wird das Grundraster nicht modifiziert, bzw. auf 0% Flächendeckungsreduzierung gesetzt. Zur Verringerung der übertragenen Farbmenge um z. B. 25 % werden in den gedeckten Flächen, d.h. den Flächenelementen der binären Bildinformationen, Löcher einbelichtet, d,h. ein feines Lochmuster erzeugt, so dass etwa 25 % der Fläche des zu Grunde liegenden Punktes ungedeckt bleiben (siehe Fig. 2 A)). In diesem Beispiel wird der Schreibstrahl des Lasers jeweils zwei Pixel (Rasterpunkte) weit, d.h. beispielsweise für 10 µm angeschaltet, dann ein Pixel (Rasterpunkt) weit d.h. für 5 µm abgeschaltet. In der benachbarten Schreibzeile wird dann, um 1 Pixel versetzt, das gleiche Muster geschrieben, so dass jeweils 5 µm große isolierte Löcher entstehen. Für eine Verringerung der Farbmenge um 50 % werden je zwei Pixel an- und zwei Pixel ausgeschaltet und dies in der benachbarten Zeile um zwei Pixel versetzt, so dass 5 µm x 10 µm große Löcher entstehen (siehe Fig. 2 B)). Dies ist dann in etwa die Grenze der Anwendbarkeit des hier beschriebenen Verfahrens, da bei noch größeren Farbmengenreduzierungen die Löcher die gedeckten Flächen überwiegen.The basic grid is not modified for maximum color transfer, or set to 0% area coverage reduction. To reduce the transmitted Color amount by z. B. 25% in the covered areas, i.e. the Area elements of the binary image information, holes imprinted, i.e. on creates a fine hole pattern, so that about 25% of the area of the base lying point remain uncovered (see Fig. 2 A)). In this example the Laser writing beam each two pixels (halftone dots) wide, i.e. e.g. switched on for 10 µm, then one pixel (halftone dot) i.e. for 5 µm switched off. In the adjacent writing line, one pixel is then offset, written the same pattern, so that each 5 µm insulated holes arise. To reduce the amount of color by 50%, two pixels are used on and two pixels off and this in the adjacent line by two Pixels offset so that 5 µm x 10 µm holes are created (see Fig. 2 B)). This then roughly limits the applicability of what is described here Process, since the holes in the case of even larger paint quantity reductions covered areas predominate.
Eine weitere Ausführungsart kann auch größere Schreibstrahlen als 10 µm nutzen, ist aber nicht auf diese beschränkt. Wird in der Schreibrichtung des Laserstrahls eine höhere Adressierbarkeit realisiert als es dem Punktdurchmesser entspricht, so ist das Adressierbarkeitsraster in Scannrichtung enger als quer zur Scannrichtung. Damit können rechteckige Löcher erzeugt werden, die quer zur Scannrichtung liegen (siehe Fig. 3 A)) bis hin zum quadratischen Loch (siehe Fig. 3 B) und C)) und rechteckigem Loch in Scannrichtung.Another embodiment can write beams larger than 10 microns use, but is not limited to this. Is in the writing direction of the Laser beam realizes a higher addressability than the spot diameter corresponds, the addressability grid in the scanning direction is narrower than transverse to Scanning direction. It can be used to create rectangular holes that are perpendicular to the Scanning direction lie (see Fig. 3 A)) up to the square hole (see Fig. 3 B) and C)) and rectangular hole in the scanning direction.
Wenn hier von "rechteckig" gesprochen wird, ist dies eine idealisierte Aussage, da praktisch jeder Scannstrahl rund oder abgerundet ist und so eine mehr oder weniger große meist zur Lochmitte hin nach innen gerichtete Verformung der Lochränder erzeugt.If one speaks of "rectangular" here, this is an idealized statement because practically every scan beam is round or rounded and so one more or less large mostly inward deformation of the hole center Hole edges created.
Eine alternative Ausführung dieser Methodik ist gegeben durch die genannte Tatsache, dass die übertragenen Farbschichten mit dem Durchmesser des farbübertragenden Elements abnehmen. Dieser Effekt beginnt ab etwa 30 µm Durchmesser des druckenden Elements aufzutreten. Eine Farbmengenregelung im Sinne der Erfindung funktioniert dann ebenfalls mit stochastischen Rastern von sehr kleiner Basisgröße, z. B. 5 µm x 5 µm und einer zweifachen Regelung der effektiven optischen Dichte, zum einen über die effektive Flächendeckung, wie dies bei stochastischen Rastern bislang geschieht und zum anderen über die Farbmengenübertragung über den abnehmenden farbschichtigen Übertrag bei kleinen Druckpunkten. Konkret bedeutet dies, dass ein 50 %iges Raster aus z. B. 20-µm-Punkten mehr Farbe überträgt als ein 50%-iges Raster aus z. B. 10-µm-Punkten. Über den Anteil von 20-µm-Punkten zu 10-µm-Punkten kann dann noch eine Zwischenabstufung geschaffen werden. Im Bereich der höheren Flächendeckung kann bei gleicher effektiver Flächendeckung die übertragene Farbmenge über die mittlere Lochgröße gesteuert werden. Wenn die Löcher im Mittel größer sind, wird mehr Farbe übertragen als bei im Mittel kleineren dafür aber zahlreicheren Löchern, da dann die zusammenhängenden Volltonflächen kleiner sind.An alternative implementation of this methodology is given by the above Fact that the transferred layers of paint with the diameter of the remove the ink-transferring element. This effect starts from around 30 µm Diameter of the printing element to occur. A color quantity control in the sense of the invention then also works with stochastic grids from very small base size, e.g. B. 5 microns x 5 microns and a double regulation of effective optical density, on the one hand via the effective area coverage, such as So far this has been done with stochastic grids and secondly via the Color quantity transfer via the decreasing layered transfer small pressure points. Specifically, this means that a 50% grid of z. B. 20 µm dots more color is transferred than a 50% grid from z. B. 10 µm dots. The proportion of 20 µm points to 10 µm points can then still be an intermediate gradation can be created. In the area of the higher Area coverage can be transferred with the same effective area coverage Color amount can be controlled via the average hole size. If the holes in the Medium is larger, more color is transferred than medium-sized ones but more numerous holes, because then the continuous solid areas are smaller.
In einer alternativen Anwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens kann dieses
auch zur Korrektur von Tonwertkennlinien in herkömmlichen und zonenweise oder
gesamtbreit mengenregelbaren Farbwerken eingesetzt werden.
In diesem Fall wird nicht der Vollton mit Löchern durchsetzt und in seiner
effektiven Dichte reduziert, sondern nur die Rasterpunkte nach einer
vorgegebenen Kennlinie. Beispielsweise kann damit eine Druckmaschine mit einer
linearen Übertragungscharakteristik erzeugt werden, indem die effektive
Tonwertzunahme gerade kompensiert wird.In an alternative application of the method according to the invention, this can also be used for correcting tonal value characteristics in conventional inking units which can be regulated in zones or over a wide range.
In this case, the full tone is not interspersed with holes and its effective density is reduced, but only the halftone dots according to a predetermined characteristic. For example, it can be used to produce a printing press with a linear transfer characteristic by just compensating for the effective dot gain.
Eine weitere alternative Anwendung ist eine lokale Reduzierung der Vollton oder Rastertondichte, abhängig von vorhersagbaren Farbübertragungsabweichungen vom Soll, z.B. Farbabfall oder Schablonieren. Damit ist eine Kompensation von Schwächen des Farbantragssystems möglich, die sowohl sujetunabhängig als auch sujetabhängig sein können.Another alternative application is a local reduction in the full tone or Screen density, depending on predictable color transfer deviations from the target, e.g. Paint waste or stenciling. This is a compensation of Weaknesses in the paint application system possible, both independent of the subject can also be subject to subject.
Claims (16)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10119368A DE10119368B4 (en) | 2001-04-20 | 2001-04-20 | Method for varying the color density of the solid when printing within a rotary printing machine |
DE10119368 | 2001-04-20 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1251011A2 true EP1251011A2 (en) | 2002-10-23 |
EP1251011A3 EP1251011A3 (en) | 2003-12-10 |
EP1251011B1 EP1251011B1 (en) | 2006-06-07 |
Family
ID=7682089
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP02008377A Revoked EP1251011B1 (en) | 2001-04-20 | 2002-04-12 | Method for varying full-tone colour density in offset printing inside a rotation printing machine |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6701847B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1251011B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2382338C (en) |
DE (2) | DE10119368B4 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109890623A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2019-06-14 | 艾司科软件有限公司 | Method for the smoother tone response in elasticity printing |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1944160A1 (en) * | 2007-01-12 | 2008-07-16 | Renolit AG | Multilayer film, especially for the production of office articles, use of the film and process for manufacturing the film |
EP2112818B1 (en) | 2008-04-22 | 2015-06-10 | Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Aktiengesellschaft | Method for reducing the area coverage of a printing plate |
DE102009015580A1 (en) | 2008-04-22 | 2009-10-29 | Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag | Printing plate producing method for printing press i.e. sheetfed offset press, involves providing data files, and determining number of elements, where values of elements are changed by evaluating regions within data fields |
DE102009034078A1 (en) | 2008-08-08 | 2010-02-11 | Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag | Printing plate producing method for printing press i.e. sheetfed offset press, involves providing data files, and determining number of elements, where values of elements are changed by evaluating regions within data fields |
US8399177B2 (en) | 2008-12-08 | 2013-03-19 | Eastman Kodak Company | Enhanced relief printing plate |
WO2013188379A1 (en) | 2012-06-11 | 2013-12-19 | Unipixel Displays, Inc. | Methods of manufacture and use of customized flexomaster patterns for flexographic printing |
US20140020587A1 (en) * | 2012-07-19 | 2014-01-23 | Kurt M. Sanger | Embedding data with offset printing |
GB201604532D0 (en) | 2016-03-17 | 2016-05-04 | Reproflex3 Ltd | Improvements in printing plate surface patterning |
EP3461116B1 (en) * | 2017-09-23 | 2024-04-17 | Heidelberg Polska Sp. z o.o. | A method and system for am screening and protecting printouts |
Citations (2)
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EP0363842B1 (en) | 1988-10-08 | 1993-12-08 | M.A.N.-ROLAND Druckmaschinen Aktiengesellschaft | Process for the production of printing plates |
DE19624441C1 (en) | 1996-06-19 | 1997-12-04 | Roland Man Druckmasch | Method and device for gravure printing using an erasable gravure form |
Family Cites Families (10)
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FR2660245B1 (en) * | 1990-04-03 | 1996-08-09 | Nouel Jean Marie | PLATES OR PRINTS FOR PRINTING, PROCESS FOR THEIR PREPARATION, FILMS OR CHARACTERS USEFUL FOR THEIR PREPARATION, THEIR USE IN PRINTING. |
US5121689A (en) * | 1991-03-27 | 1992-06-16 | Rockwell International Corporation | Ultrasonic ink metering for variable input control in keyless lithographic printing |
US5396839A (en) * | 1992-09-23 | 1995-03-14 | Col1Or | Apparatus and method for printing color images |
FR2722584B1 (en) * | 1994-07-13 | 1996-10-31 | Nouel Jean Marie | USE OF FREQUENCY MODULATED SCREENING TO LIGHTEN PRINTER SURFACES IN OFFSET |
US6060208A (en) * | 1996-12-16 | 2000-05-09 | Creo Products Inc. | Method for matching optical density in color proofing |
DE19822662C2 (en) * | 1998-05-20 | 2003-12-24 | Roland Man Druckmasch | Process for color reproduction on an image data oriented printing machine |
US6522421B2 (en) * | 1998-10-28 | 2003-02-18 | Nexpress Solutions Llc | Method and apparatus for automatically communicating returning status and information from a printer using electronic mail (email). |
US6213018B1 (en) * | 1999-05-14 | 2001-04-10 | Pcc Artwork Systems | Flexographic printing plate having improved solids rendition |
US6731405B2 (en) * | 1999-05-14 | 2004-05-04 | Artwork Systems | Printing plates containing ink cells in both solid and halftone areas |
US6198886B1 (en) * | 1999-08-12 | 2001-03-06 | Xerox Corporation | Method and apparatus comprising process control for scavengeless development in a xerographic printer |
-
2001
- 2001-04-20 DE DE10119368A patent/DE10119368B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2002
- 2002-04-12 EP EP02008377A patent/EP1251011B1/en not_active Revoked
- 2002-04-12 DE DE50207059T patent/DE50207059D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-04-15 US US10/122,540 patent/US6701847B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-04-18 CA CA002382338A patent/CA2382338C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0363842B1 (en) | 1988-10-08 | 1993-12-08 | M.A.N.-ROLAND Druckmaschinen Aktiengesellschaft | Process for the production of printing plates |
DE19624441C1 (en) | 1996-06-19 | 1997-12-04 | Roland Man Druckmasch | Method and device for gravure printing using an erasable gravure form |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109890623A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2019-06-14 | 艾司科软件有限公司 | Method for the smoother tone response in elasticity printing |
CN109890623B (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2021-10-08 | 艾司科软件有限公司 | Elastic sheet, method of creating the same, and imaging system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE50207059D1 (en) | 2006-07-20 |
EP1251011A3 (en) | 2003-12-10 |
EP1251011B1 (en) | 2006-06-07 |
DE10119368A1 (en) | 2002-11-21 |
CA2382338C (en) | 2007-06-19 |
US20020152911A1 (en) | 2002-10-24 |
US6701847B2 (en) | 2004-03-09 |
DE10119368B4 (en) | 2004-09-09 |
CA2382338A1 (en) | 2002-10-20 |
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