EP1244081B1 - Method of radio communication in an alarm system - Google Patents

Method of radio communication in an alarm system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1244081B1
EP1244081B1 EP02006120A EP02006120A EP1244081B1 EP 1244081 B1 EP1244081 B1 EP 1244081B1 EP 02006120 A EP02006120 A EP 02006120A EP 02006120 A EP02006120 A EP 02006120A EP 1244081 B1 EP1244081 B1 EP 1244081B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
main station
substation
radio transmission
alarm system
frequency
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EP02006120A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1244081A1 (en
Inventor
Klaus Dr. Pieverling
Karlheinz Schreyer
Stefan Wilken
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Siemens Building Technology Fire and Security Products GmbH and Co OHG
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Siemens Gebaeudesicherheit GmbH and Co OHG
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
    • G08B25/009—Signalling of the alarm condition to a substation whose identity is signalled to a central station, e.g. relaying alarm signals in order to extend communication range
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
    • G08B25/01—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium
    • G08B25/10—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium using wireless transmission systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for radio transmission in a hazard detection system with a main station and several slave stations, the main station and the slave station each have a transmitting and receiving device.
  • the hazard detection systems include signaling sensors as secondary stations, the one in the event of a detected danger (fire, burglary) Hazard notification via a radio link to a control center or main station (which also includes repeaters should transmit) in the further to eliminate the danger Measures (alerting the fire department or the police) be initiated.
  • the signal sensors each include a transmitting and receiving device and are intended for use as self-sufficient as possible in inadequate places, i.e. with a Battery.
  • EP 0 911 775 is a hazard detection system and a method for radio transmission in such a system known which is bidirectional and its components are designed to save energy. Disorders in one Such systems can be safely recognized in less than 100 s fading holes lead to unnecessary Fault messages.
  • DE 199 20 128 A1 describes a portable emergency call system with a satellite-based tracking device and thus functional federated, mobile telecommunication facility known in which a central data center for permanent interactive connection with the currently active Blocks of different target objects is set up, the blocks each having a mutual data transfer enabling communication module are an indirect link between a target object associated block with the data center including another building block of another target object as a host function.
  • a partial solution is achieved by increasing the sensitivity Recipient. This reduces the likelihood of interference but never disappears completely. That leaves In large systems in particular, there is always a certain probability of failure.
  • EP 0 811 959 is a wireless alarm system with a main station and several secondary stations.
  • fading holes only impair communication between two transmitting and receiving devices. Is now the communication between a master station and a slave station communications are usually disturbed between the main station and other slave stations as well between individual substations with each other without problems possible. In this case, a slave station can their data to the main station via another slave station send.
  • Such a fading hole is between a main station and a secondary station recognized as part of a routine check, the slave station can then via the other slave station report to the main station that this - the main station not directly reaching - slave station still functional is and communication via the other substation he follows.
  • the direct one To record radio transmission is advantageous according to claim 3 Way ensured that recurring fading holes can then be overcome flexibly.
  • the slave station sends its data for so long over the further secondary station to the main station, as long the direct connection to the main station is disturbed.
  • a detour can not only be done once, but continuously use for communication between main and secondary station.
  • Claim 5 provided in an advantageous manner that the secondary station in this case at a specified time the main station sends a message that the integrity check was faulty, according to which the main station redirection triggers via the other substation.
  • the directional characteristic of at least one the antennas changed.
  • Another easy to implement method according to claim 10 is that at the location of the recipient and or the transmitter is switched to another antenna according to claim 11 by more than half the wavelength of the original antenna staggered, according to claim 12 by a different orientation than the original one Antenna or according to claim 13 by a compared to the first Antenna rotated polarization direction marked is.
  • the frequency change method can additionally according to claim 16 for detour transmission via additional substations, as also according to claim 17 in addition to the detour via further substations and in addition to influencing the Antenna may be provided.
  • FIG. 1 shows how a main station M, for example the center of a hazard detection system, with a total four slave stations S1, S2, S3 and S4 communicated.
  • the secondary stations S1, S2, S3 and S4 can for example Intrusion or fire detection sensors include.
  • the main station M can thus take the detour via the additional slave station S2 with the unreachable one Slave station S1 communicate and exchange data.
  • the substation S1 is therefore not considered to be disturbed in the main station M. characterized.
  • the number of fault messages can thus be reduced reduce significantly.
  • the secondary station S1 next to a first antenna 1 has a further antenna 3, which in designated example spatially offset and perpendicular to the first Antenna 1 is arranged. If now the communication between the first antenna 1 and the antenna 2 of the main station M is disturbed, which in turn is due to the dotted connection is shown, can in the secondary station S1 on the further antenna 3 can be switched, which then the communication with the antenna 2 of the main station M.
  • the further antenna also at the main station M can be arranged and can be controlled accordingly not only the antennas assigned to the respective stations alternately, but also operated simultaneously, whereby the conditions of dispersion change even more flexibly to let.
  • FIG. 3 shows how the secondary station S1 and the Main station M does not communicate with each other via a first frequency F1 can communicate, which in turn by the dotted line is shown while communicating via a second Frequency S2 is easily possible.
  • a frequency change can be provided, for example, when the communication is disturbed with the first frequency S1, but it can also a continuous change in frequency at predetermined time intervals be provided.
  • the detour circuit via another slave station the change the antennas and the frequency change can now do so combined that if one of the ways doesn't work, one of the others is automatically applied.
  • the communication between the main station and the slave station disturbed differently can be.
  • the main station receives in the frame the integrity check at the given time none Signal from the slave, then try the master and slave to communicate with each other on another frequency. If communication via frequency change is unsuccessful, then the main station can communicate through the diversion trigger via the additional slave station.
  • the main station receives the signal received by the slave station for integrity checking and sends your acknowledgment signal, which is not from the secondary station Will be received.
  • the substation try to reach the main station in a different way while the main station assumes communication be properly completed.
  • there is a Extra time slot is provided in which a slave station that has not received an acknowledgment signal and no other communication with the main station, a telegram transmitted to the main station. This receives this Telegram in the time slot provided for this, thus learns that the integrity check was not completed and can initiate additional measures, such as communication via another secondary station.

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  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Alarm Systems (AREA)

Abstract

A main station (M) and subsidiary stations (S1-S4) each have transmitter-receiver devices (TRDs). Each subsidiary station attempts to transmit data directly to the main station via a radio link. Any interference in direct radio transmission between the main station and one of the subsidiary stations affects the transmission/reception properties of antennas for the TRDs of the main station or the subsidiary station not reaching the main station.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Funkübertragung in einem Gefahrenmeldesystem mit einer Hauptstation und mehreren Nebenstationen, wobei die Hauptstation und die Nebenstation jeweils eine Sende- und Empfangseinrichtung aufweisen.The invention relates to a method for radio transmission in a hazard detection system with a main station and several slave stations, the main station and the slave station each have a transmitting and receiving device.

Gefahrenmeldesysteme, bei denen Meldungen über Funk übertragen werden, bieten dem Anwender viele Vorteile. Die Gefahrenmeldesysteme umfassen dabei Meldesensoren als Nebenstationen, die im Fall einer detektierten Gefahr (Brand, Einbruch) eine Gefahrenmeldung über eine Funkverbindung an eine Zentrale oder Hauptstation (worunter auch Repeater verstanden werden sollen) übermitteln, in der zur Beseitigung der Gefahr weitere Maßnahmen (Alarmierung der Feuerwehr bzw. der Polizei) eingeleitet werden. Die Meldesensoren umfassen dabei jeweils eine Sende- und Empfangseinrichtung und sollen für einen Einsatz an unzulänglichen Orten möglichst autark, d.h. mit einer Batterie, betrieben werden.Hazard detection systems in which messages are transmitted via radio offer the user many advantages. The hazard detection systems include signaling sensors as secondary stations, the one in the event of a detected danger (fire, burglary) Hazard notification via a radio link to a control center or main station (which also includes repeaters should transmit) in the further to eliminate the danger Measures (alerting the fire department or the police) be initiated. The signal sensors each include a transmitting and receiving device and are intended for use as self-sufficient as possible in inadequate places, i.e. with a Battery.

Aus EP 0 911 775 ist beispielsweise ein Gefahrenmeldesystem und ein Verfahren zur Funkübertragung in einem solchen System bekannt, welches bidirektional aufgebaut ist und dessen Komponenten energiesparend ausgelegt sind. Störungen in einem solchen System können in weniger als 100 s sicher erkannt werden, allerdings führen sog. Fading-Löcher zu unnötigen Störungsmeldungen.EP 0 911 775, for example, is a hazard detection system and a method for radio transmission in such a system known which is bidirectional and its components are designed to save energy. Disorders in one Such systems can be safely recognized in less than 100 s fading holes lead to unnecessary Fault messages.

Für kleine Anlagen sind diese Phänomene fast bedeutungslos. Zum einen gilt für sie eine Vorschrift, die statt 100 s vier Stunden zuläßt. Zum anderen stört es nicht sehr, wenn bei zum Beispiel drei Meldern im System alle drei Jahre eine von selbst vorübergehende Störung, wie sie bei Fading-Löchern auftritt, vorhanden ist. These phenomena are almost meaningless for small plants. On the one hand, one rule applies to them, four instead of 100 s Hours. On the other hand, it doesn't really bother if at Example three detectors in the system one every three years even temporary disruption, as is the case with fading holes occurs, is present.

Aus DE 199 20 128 A1 ist ein tragbares Notrufsystem mit einer satellitengestützten Ortungseinrichtung und einer damit funktionell zusammengeschlossenen, mobilen Telekommunikationseinrichtung bekannt, bei welchem ein zentrales Rechenzentrum zur permanenten interaktiven Verbindung mit den jeweils aktiven Bausteinen unterschiedlicher Zielobjekte eingerichtet ist, wobei die Bausteine jeweils mit einem eine gegenseitige Datenübertagung ermöglichenden Kommunikationsmodul versehen sind, um eine mittelbare Verbindung zwischen einem dem Zielobjekt zugeordneten Baustein mit dem Rechenzentrum unter Einbeziehung eines weiteren Bausteins eines anderen Zielobjekts als Host-Funktion herzustellen.DE 199 20 128 A1 describes a portable emergency call system with a satellite-based tracking device and thus functional federated, mobile telecommunication facility known in which a central data center for permanent interactive connection with the currently active Blocks of different target objects is set up, the blocks each having a mutual data transfer enabling communication module are an indirect link between a target object associated block with the data center including another building block of another target object as a host function.

Eine Teillösung wird erzielt durch eine Steigerung der Empfindlichkeit des Empfängers. Damit sinkt die Störungswahrscheinlichkeit ab, verschwindet aber nie ganz. Somit verbleibt gerade bei großen Anlagen immer eine bestimmte Störungswahrscheinlichkeit.A partial solution is achieved by increasing the sensitivity Recipient. This reduces the likelihood of interference but never disappears completely. That leaves In large systems in particular, there is always a certain probability of failure.

Eine weitere Lösung des Problems besteht darin, die Empfangsstationen zu verdoppeln oder zu verdreifachen. Diese, als Empfänger- oder Raumdiversity bezeichnete Variante ist ohne Zweifel wirkungsvoll. Sie zieht jedoch einen erheblichen Aufwand nach sich und kommt deshalb nur in Frage, wenn die Geräte- und Montagekosten von untergeordneter Bedeutung sind.Another solution to the problem is the receiving stations to double or triple. This, as Variant designated receiver or room diversity is without Doubt effective. However, it takes a lot of effort and therefore only comes into question if the device and assembly costs are of minor importance.

Aus DE 195 39 312 A1 ist ein Verfahren zur Erhöhung der Übertragungssicherheit bei Funkalarmanlagen bekannt, welches vorsieht, daß in fest vorgegebenen Zeitabständen spezielle Datentelegramme als Statusmeldung von Außeneinheiten an Zentraleinheiten gesendet werden sowie daß ein Mehrwegeempfang durch eine räumlich versetzte Positionierung der Antennen einer Einheit beseitigt wird.DE 195 39 312 A1 describes a method for increasing transmission security known with radio alarm systems, which provides that special data telegrams at fixed time intervals as status message from outdoor units to central units be sent as well as that a multipath reception by a spatially offset positioning of the antennas Unity is eliminated.

Aus EP 0 811 959 ist eine drahtlose Alarmanlage mit einer Hauptstation und mehreren Nebenstationen bekannt.From EP 0 811 959 is a wireless alarm system with a main station and several secondary stations.

Es ist daher die Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Verfahren zur Funkübertragung in Gefahrenmeldesystemen anzugeben, welches kostengünstig arbeitet und dennoch die Störungsquote wegen des Auftretens von Fading-Löchern reduziert.It is therefore the object of the invention to provide a method for Radio transmission in hazard detection systems indicate which works inexpensively and still because of the failure rate the occurrence of fading holes is reduced.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1.The object is achieved according to the invention by a method with the features of claim 1.

In der Regel beeinträchtigen Fading-Löcher nur die Kommunikation zwischen zwei Sende- und Empfangseinrichtungen. Ist nun die Kommunikation zwischen einer Hauptstation und einer Nebenstation gestört, so sind in der Regel die Kommunikationen zwischen der Hauptstation und anderen Nebenstationen wie auch zwischen einzelnen Nebenstationen untereinander dennoch problemlos möglich. In diesem Fall kann eine Nebenstation daher ihre Daten über eine weitere Nebenstation an die Hauptstation senden.As a rule, fading holes only impair communication between two transmitting and receiving devices. Is now the communication between a master station and a slave station communications are usually disturbed between the main station and other slave stations as well between individual substations with each other without problems possible. In this case, a slave station can their data to the main station via another slave station send.

Dabei wird ein solches Fading-Loch zwischen einer Hauptstation und einer Nebenstation im Rahmen einer Routineprüfung erkannt, die Nebenstation kann dann über die weitere Nebenstation an die Hauptstation melden, daß diese - die Hauptstation nicht direkt erreichende - Nebenstation nach wie vor funktionsfähig ist und eine Kommunikation über die weitere Nebenstation erfolgt.Such a fading hole is between a main station and a secondary station recognized as part of a routine check, the slave station can then via the other slave station report to the main station that this - the main station not directly reaching - slave station still functional is and communication via the other substation he follows.

Gemäß Anspruch 2 wird eine solche, nicht direkt, aber über Umwege erreichbare Nebenstation als nicht gestört geführt, so daß sich die Anzahl der Störungsmeldungen entscheidend reduzieren läßt.According to claim 2, such, not directly, but over Detourable secondary station managed as not disturbed, see above that the number of fault reports is significantly reduced leaves.

Versuchen die Hauptstation und die nicht erreichbare Nebenstation in vorgegebenen Zeitabständen wieder, die direkte Funkübertragung aufzunehmen, so ist gemäß Anspruch 3 in vorteilhafter Weise sichergestellt, daß erneut auftretende Fading-Löcher dann flexible überwunden werden können.Try the main station and the unreachable slave station at predetermined intervals, the direct one To record radio transmission, is advantageous according to claim 3 Way ensured that recurring fading holes can then be overcome flexibly.

Nach Anspruch 4 sendet die Nebenstation ihre Daten so lange über die weitere Nebenstation an die Hauptstation, so lange die direkte Verbindung zur Hauptstation gestört ist. Dadurch läßt sich ein solcher Umweg nicht nur einmalig, sondern ständig zur Kommunikation zwischen Haupt- und Nebenstation verwenden.According to claim 4, the slave station sends its data for so long over the further secondary station to the main station, as long the direct connection to the main station is disturbed. Thereby such a detour can not only be done once, but continuously use for communication between main and secondary station.

Bei einer gestörten Übertragung zwischen Haupt- und Nebenstation erhält die Nebenstation bei einer Integritäts-Überprüfung kein Quittungssignal. Sollte die Hauptstation das Quittungssignal aber dennoch ausgesendet haben, ist in der Hauptstation der Fehler nicht erkannt worden. Daher ist gemäß Anspruch 5 in vorteilhafter Weise vorgesehen, dass die Nebenstation in diesem Fall zu einem festgesetzten Zeitpunkt an die Hauptstation eine Meldung sendet, dass die Integritäts-Überprüfung fehlerhaft war, wonach die Hauptstation die Umleitung über die weitere Nebenstation auslöst.In the event of a faulty transmission between the main and secondary station receives the slave station during an integrity check no acknowledgment signal. Should the main station do that Acknowledgment signal but have sent out is in the Main station of the error was not recognized. Therefore, according to Claim 5 provided in an advantageous manner that the secondary station in this case at a specified time the main station sends a message that the integrity check was faulty, according to which the main station redirection triggers via the other substation.

Sollte die Kommunikation zwischen der Haupt- und der Nebenstation nicht über einen Umweg über eine weitere Nebenstation erreicht werden können, so ist gemäß Anspruch 6 in vorteilhafter Weise vorgesehen, daß die Sende- und/oder Empfangsantennen der Haupt- und/oder der nicht erreichbaren Nebenstation beeinflußt werden, da sich dadurch die Ausbreitungsverhältnisse zwischen Haupt- und nicht erreichbarer Nebenstation verändern und somit ein Fading-Loch überwunden werden kann. Vor allem in Gebäude, wo es keine Sichtverbindungen zwischen Haupt- und Nebenstation gibt, gewinnen Reflexionen einen entscheidenden Einfluß. Diese immer mehrfach auftretenden Reflexionen führen dazu, daß sich deren Signale am Ort der Empfangsantenne so interferieren, daß sich diese auslöschen. Ändern sich nun am Sender oder am Empfänger die Phasenverhältnisse, so ändern sich die Ausbreitungswege, d.h. die Länge der einzelnen Umwege durch Reflexionen. Daraus resultieren dann andere Empfangspegel.Should the communication between the main and the secondary station not via a detour via another secondary station can be achieved, it is advantageous according to claim 6 Way provided that the transmitting and / or receiving antennas the main and / or the unreachable slave station be influenced, as this affects the spreading conditions between main and unreachable slave station change and thus a fading hole can be overcome. Especially in buildings where there is no line of sight between Main and sub station there, reflections gain a decisive one Influence. These reflections, which always appear repeatedly cause their signals to be at the location of the receiving antenna interfere so that they cancel each other out. To change the phase relationships on the transmitter or receiver so the paths of propagation change, i.e. the length the individual detours through reflections. Result from it then other reception levels.

In der vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 7 wird dazu die Richtcharakteristik von mindestens einer der Antennen verändert. In the advantageous embodiment of the method according to claim 7, the directional characteristic of at least one the antennas changed.

Dies kann in einfacher Weise durch Zu- oder Abschalten einzelnen Antennenteile gemäß Anspruch 8, oder durch Variation der Abgleichelemente der Antenne gemäß Anspruch 9 geschehen.This can be done easily by switching individual on or off Antenna parts according to claim 8, or by variation the adjustment elements of the antenna according to claim 9 happen.

Ein weiteres einfach zu realisierendes Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 10 besteht darin, daß am Ort des Empfängers und oder des Senders auf eine weitere Antenne umgeschaltet wird, die gemäß Anspruch 11 um mehr als die Hälfte der Wellenlänge von der ursprünglichen Antenne versetzt angeordnet, gemäß Anspruch 12 durch eine andere Ausrichtung als die ursprüngliche Antenne oder gemäß Anspruch 13 durch eine gegenüber der ersten Antenne gedrehte Polarisationsrichtung gekennzeichnet ist.Another easy to implement method according to claim 10 is that at the location of the recipient and or the transmitter is switched to another antenna according to claim 11 by more than half the wavelength of the original antenna staggered, according to claim 12 by a different orientation than the original one Antenna or according to claim 13 by a compared to the first Antenna rotated polarization direction marked is.

Besonders gravierend sind die Veränderungen der Ausbreitungsverhältnisse, wenn die weitere Antenne gemäß Anspruch 14 im wesentlichen senkrecht zur ursprünglichen Antenne ausgerichtet ist.The changes in the spreading conditions are particularly serious, if the further antenna according to claim 14 in aligned substantially perpendicular to the original antenna is.

Da eine Frequenzänderung häufig die effektivste Methode ist, eine Verbindung zwischen Haupt- und Nebenstation herzustellen, ist es gemäß Anspruch 15 in vorteilhafter Weise vorgesehen, zunächst die Frequenz der Übertragung zwischen Hauptund Nebenstation zu verändern und erst bei einem Fehlschlagen dieser Methode die Umleitung über eine weitere Nebenstation einzusetzen.Since frequency change is often the most effective method establish a connection between the main and secondary station, it is advantageously provided according to claim 15, first the frequency of the transmission between main and Change substation and only if it fails this method, the diversion via another secondary station use.

Eine zusätzliche Veränderung der Ausbreitungsverhältnisse zwischen Sender und Empfänger läßt sich gemäß Verfahren gemäß der vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 16 dadurch erzielen, daß die Frequenz der Übertragung geändert wird. Dadurch verändern sich die Wege der Wellen etwas und diese werden anders interferiert. Eine Variation innerhalb des 2 MHz breiten SRD-Bandes (868 MHz bis 870 MHz) reicht aus, um die Phase um mehr als 10° auf dem Übertragungsweg zu schieben. An additional change in the spreading conditions between sender and receiver can be according to the procedure the advantageous embodiment of the method according to claim 16 achieve by changing the frequency of transmission becomes. As a result, the paths of the waves change somewhat and these are interfered differently. A variation within the 2 MHz wide SRD band (868 MHz to 870 MHz) is sufficient to move the phase by more than 10 ° to push.

Das Frequenzänderungsverfahren kann gemäß Anspruch 16 zusätzlich zur Umwegübertragung über weitere Nebenstationen, als auch gemäß Anspruch 17 zusätzlich zur Umwegübertragung über weitere Nebenstationen und zusätzlich zur Beeinflussung der Antenne vorgesehen sein.The frequency change method can additionally according to claim 16 for detour transmission via additional substations, as also according to claim 17 in addition to the detour via further substations and in addition to influencing the Antenna may be provided.

Um von vornherein den Einfluß der Frequenzveränderung zu nutzen, ist es ebenfalls sinnvoll, die Frequenz der Übertragung in vorgegebenen Zeitabständen zu verändern gemäß Anspruch 18, ohne vorher auf das Auftreten von Fading-Löchern zu warten.In order to use the influence of the frequency change from the start, it also makes sense to change the frequency of the transmission to change at predetermined time intervals according to claim 18, without waiting for fading holes to appear.

Anhand der in den Figuren dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele wird die Erfindung näher erläutert. Dabei zeigt

  • Figur 1 eine schematische Darstellung der Kommunikation zwischen einer Hauptstation und mehreren Nebenstationen,
  • Figur 2 schematisch die Kommunikation zwischen einer Hauptstation und einer Nebenstation mit mehreren Antennen und
  • Figur 3 die Kommunikation zwischen einer Hauptstation und einer Nebenstation durch die Nutzung mehrerer Frequenzen.
    • The invention is explained in more detail on the basis of the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the figures. It shows
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the communication between a main station and a plurality of secondary stations,
  • Figure 2 shows schematically the communication between a main station and a slave station with several antennas and
  • Figure 3 shows the communication between a main station and a slave station by using several frequencies.

    • In Figur 1 ist dargestellt, wie eine Hauptstation M, beispielsweise die Zentrale eines Gefahrenmeldesystems, mit insgesamt vier Nebenstationen S1, S2, S3 und S4 kommuniziert. Die Nebenstationen S1, S2, S3 und S4 können dabei beispielsweise Intrusions- oder Brandmeldesensoren umfassen. Die Hauptstation M und die Nebenstationen S bis S4 weisen dabei jeweils nicht dargestellte Sende- und Empfangseinrichtungen auf, die eine drahtlose Kommunikation zunächst zwischen Hauptstation M und den Nebenstationen S1 bis S4 gewährleisten. Ist nun die Kommunikation zwischen einer Hauptstation M und der Nebenstation S1 gestört, was schematisch in Figur 1 durch eine gepunktete Verbindung zwischen der Nebenstation S1 und der Hauptstation M dargestellt ist, so kommuniziert die Nebenstation S1 ihre Daten an die weitere Nebenstation S2 und diese übermittelt die Daten der Nebenstation S1 dann an die Hauptstation M. Die Hauptstation M kann somit über den Umweg über die weitere Nebenstation S2 mit der nicht erreichbaren Nebenstation S1 kommunizieren und Daten austauschen. Die Nebenstation S1 ist daher in der Hauptstation M nicht als gestört gekennzeichnet. Somit läßt sich die Anzahl der Störungsmeldungen entscheidend reduzieren.FIG. 1 shows how a main station M, for example the center of a hazard detection system, with a total four slave stations S1, S2, S3 and S4 communicated. The secondary stations S1, S2, S3 and S4 can for example Intrusion or fire detection sensors include. The Main station M and the secondary stations S to S4 point transmitting and receiving devices, each not shown on that wireless communication initially between Ensure main station M and the secondary stations S1 to S4. Is the communication between a main station M and the secondary station S1, which is shown schematically in FIG. 1 through a dotted connection between the secondary station S1 and the main station M is shown, the communicates Secondary station S1 to the other secondary station S2 and this then transmits the data of the secondary station S1 to the Main station M. The main station M can thus take the detour via the additional slave station S2 with the unreachable one Slave station S1 communicate and exchange data. The substation S1 is therefore not considered to be disturbed in the main station M. characterized. The number of fault messages can thus be reduced reduce significantly.

    In Figur 2 ist dargestellt, daß die Nebenstation S1 neben einer ersten Antenne 1 eine weitere Antenne 3 aufweist, die im bezeichneten Beispiel räumlich versetzt und senkrecht zur ersten Antenne 1 angeordnet ist. Falls nun die Kommunikation zwischen der ersten Antenne 1 und der Antenne 2 der Hauptstation M gestört ist, was wiederum durch die gepunktete Verbindung dargestellt ist, so kann in der Nebenstation S1 auf die weitere Antenne 3 umgeschaltet werden, die dann die Kommunikation mit der Antenne 2 der Hauptstation M ermöglicht. Natürlich kann die weitere Antenne auch an der Hauptstation M angeordnet sein und durch eine entsprechende Steuerung können die den jeweiligen Stationen zugeordneten Antennen nicht nur wechselweise, sondern auch gleichzeitig betrieben werden, wodurch sich die Ausbreitungsbedingungen noch flexibler verändern lassen.In Figure 2 it is shown that the secondary station S1 next to a first antenna 1 has a further antenna 3, which in designated example spatially offset and perpendicular to the first Antenna 1 is arranged. If now the communication between the first antenna 1 and the antenna 2 of the main station M is disturbed, which in turn is due to the dotted connection is shown, can in the secondary station S1 on the further antenna 3 can be switched, which then the communication with the antenna 2 of the main station M. Naturally can the further antenna also at the main station M can be arranged and can be controlled accordingly not only the antennas assigned to the respective stations alternately, but also operated simultaneously, whereby the conditions of dispersion change even more flexibly to let.

    In Figur 3 ist dargestellt, wie die Nebenstation S1 und die Hauptstation M über eine erste Frequenz F1 nicht miteinander kommunizieren können, was wiederum durch die gepunktete Linie dargestellt ist, während die Kommunikation über eine zweite Frequenz S2 problemlos möglich ist. Ein solcher Frequenzwechsel kann beispielsweise vorgesehen sein, wenn die Kommunikation mit der ersten Frequenz S1 gestört ist, aber es kann auch eine in vorgegebenen Zeitabständen kontinuierliche Frequenzänderung vorgesehen sein.FIG. 3 shows how the secondary station S1 and the Main station M does not communicate with each other via a first frequency F1 can communicate, which in turn by the dotted line is shown while communicating via a second Frequency S2 is easily possible. Such a frequency change can be provided, for example, when the communication is disturbed with the first frequency S1, but it can also a continuous change in frequency at predetermined time intervals be provided.

    Die Umwegschaltung über eine weitere Nebenstation, die Änderung der Antennen sowie die Frequenzänderung können nun so kombiniert werden, daß, falls einer der Wege nicht funktioniert, automatisch einer der anderen angewendet wird. Bei bidirektionalen Systemen ist es empfehlenswert, zunächst einen Frequenzwechsel vorzunehmen. Nutzt dieser Frequenzwechsel nichts, dann sollte der Umweg über die weitere Nebenstation gewählt werden, um die Ausbreitungsverhältnisse der anderen Kommunikationen zwischen der Hauptstation M und den weiteren Nebenstationen S2, S3 und S4 nicht zu beeinflussen.The detour circuit via another slave station, the change the antennas and the frequency change can now do so combined that if one of the ways doesn't work, one of the others is automatically applied. With bidirectional Systems, it is recommended to start with one Frequency change. Use this frequency change nothing, then the detour should go to the other substation be chosen to the spreading ratios of others Communications between the main station M and the others Slave stations S2, S3 and S4 not to be influenced.

    Zusätzlich ist zu beachten, dass die Kommunikation zwischen der Hauptstation und der Nebenstation unterschiedlich gestört sein kann. Empfängt die Hauptstation beispielsweise im Rahmen der Integritäts-Überprüfung zum vorgegebenen Zeitpunkt kein Signal von der Nebenstation, dann versuchen Haupt- und Nebenstation auf einer anderen Frequenz miteinander zu kommunizieren. Gelingt eine Kommunikation über Frequenzwechsel nicht, dann kann die Hauptstation die Kommunikation über die Umleitung über die weitere Nebenstation auslösen.It should also be noted that the communication between the main station and the slave station disturbed differently can be. For example, the main station receives in the frame the integrity check at the given time none Signal from the slave, then try the master and slave to communicate with each other on another frequency. If communication via frequency change is unsuccessful, then the main station can communicate through the diversion trigger via the additional slave station.

    Schwieriger ist der Fall, dass die Hauptstation das Signal von der Nebenstation zur Integritäts-Überprüfung empfängt und ihr Quittungssignal aussendet, welches nicht von der Nebenstation empfangen wird. In diesem Fall wird die Nebenstation versuchen, die Hauptstation auf einem anderen Weg zu erreichen, während die Hauptstation davon ausgeht, die Kommunikatio sei ordnungsgemäß abgeschlossen. Für diesen Fall ist ein Extra-Zeitschlitz vorgesehen, in dem eine Nebenstation, die kein Quittungssignal empfangen hat und auch sonst keine Kommunikation mit der Hauptstation aufbauen konnte, ein Telegramm an die Hauptstation übermittelt. Diese empfängt dieses Telegramm im dafür vorgesehenen Zeitschlitz, erfährt somit, dass die Integritäts-Überprüfung nicht abgeschlossen war und kann zusätzliche Maßnahmen einleiten, beispielsweise die Kommunikation über eine weitere Nebenstation.More difficult is the case where the main station receives the signal received by the slave station for integrity checking and sends your acknowledgment signal, which is not from the secondary station Will be received. In this case the substation try to reach the main station in a different way while the main station assumes communication be properly completed. In this case there is a Extra time slot is provided in which a slave station that has not received an acknowledgment signal and no other communication with the main station, a telegram transmitted to the main station. This receives this Telegram in the time slot provided for this, thus learns that the integrity check was not completed and can initiate additional measures, such as communication via another secondary station.

    Claims (18)

    1. Method for radio transmission in an alarm system having a main station (M) and two or more substations (S1, S2, S3, S4), with the main station (M) and the substations (S1, S2, S3, S4) each having a transmitting and receiving device, in which
      each substation (S1, S2, S3, S4) attempts to send data by radio directly to the main station (M),
      if direct radio transmission between the main station (M) and one of the substations (S1) is subject to interference or is faulty, this substation (S1) - which does not reach the main station (M) directly - sends its data to a further substation (S2),
      and this further substation (S2) transmits this data to the main station (M),
      with the main station (M) and the substations (S1, S2, S3, S4) attempting to communicate with one another at predetermined time intervals from one another in the course of an integrity check,
      in order that the substation (S1) which does not reach the main station (M) directly and for which the integrity check has not worked, signals to the main station (M) via the other substations (S2) that it is serviceable and has to communicate via the other substation (S2).
    2. Method for radio transmission in an alarm system according to Claim 1,
      characterized in that
      the main station (M) treats the substation (S1) which does not reach the main station (M) directly as not being faulty.
    3. Method for radio transmission in an alarm system according to one of Claims 1 or 2,
      characterized in that
      the main station (M) and the substation (S1) which does not reach the main station (M) directly attempt to resume direct radio transmission at predetermined time intervals.
    4. Method for radio transmission in an alarm system according to Claim 3,
      characterized in that
      the substation (S1) which does not reach the main station (M) sends its data via the other substation (S2) to the main station (M) for as long as the direct link to the main station (M) is subject to interference or is faulty.
    5. Method for radio transmission in an alarm system according to one of Claims 1 to 4,
      characterized in that
      each substation (S1, S2, S3, S4) sends an integrity checking message to the main station (M) at a predetermined time, and waits for a predetermined time for reception of an acknowledgement signal from the main station (M),
      in that, if the relevant substation (S1) - which does not reach the main station (M) directly - does not receive the acknowledgement signal at a subsequent defined time, it sends a fault message to the main station (M),
      in that, after receiving the fault message, the main station (M) starts to communicate with the substation (S1) which does not reach the main station (M) directly via the further substation (S2).
    6. Method for radio transmission in an alarm system according to one of Claims 1 to 5,
      characterized in that
      transmission and/or reception characteristics of antennas (1, 2, 3) of the transmitting and receiving devices of the main station (M) and/or of the substation (S1) which does not reach the main station (M) directly are influenced if there is no radio transmission via the other substation (S2) to the main station (M).
    7. Method for radio transmission in an alarm system according to Claim 6,
      characterized in that
      the directional characteristic of at least one of the antennas (1, 2, 3) is varied.
    8. Method for radio transmission in an alarm system according to Claim 7,
      characterized in that
      the directional characteristic is varied by connecting or disconnecting individual antenna parts (1, 2, 3).
    9. Method for radio transmission in an alarm system according to Claim 7,
      characterized in that
      the directional characteristic is varied by varying the tuning elements of the antenna (1, 2, 3).
    10. Method for radio transmission in an alarm system according to Claim 6,
      characterized in that
      a further antenna (3) is switched at the location of the receiver and/or of the transmitter.
    11. Method for radio transmission in an alarm system according to Claim 10,
      characterized in that
      the further antenna (3) is arranged physically offset by more than half the wavelength from the original antenna (1).
    12. Method for radio transmission in an alarm system according to Claim 10,
      characterized in that
      the further antenna (3) points in a different direction to the original antenna (1).
    13. Method for radio transmission in an alarm system according to Claim 10,
      characterized in that
      the further antenna (3) has a polarization direction which is rotated with respect to that of the first antenna (1).
    14. Method for radio transmission in an alarm system according to one of Claims 10 to 13,
      characterized in that
      the further antenna (3) is aligned essentially at right angles to the original antenna (1).
    15. Method for radio transmission in an alarm system according to one of Claims 1 to 5,
      characterized in that
      an attempt is first of all made to set up the transmission between the substation (S1) and the main station (M) by changing the frequency over a predetermined number of frequency channels, before the diversion via the further substation (S2) is initiated.
    16. Method for radio transmission in an alarm system according to one of Claims 6 to 14,
      characterized in that
      the frequency of the transmission is changed from a first frequency (f1) to a second frequency (f2) if no transmission via the further substation (S1) takes place using the first frequency (f1).
    17. Method for radio transmission in an alarm system according to one of Claims 6 to 16,
      characterized in that
      the frequency of the transmission is changed from a first frequency (f1) to a second frequency (f2) if neither transmission via the further substation (S1) nor transmission by influencing the antenna (1, 2, 3) is achieved using the first frequency (f1).
    18. Method for radio transmission in an alarm system according to one of Claims 1 to 17,
      characterized in that
      the frequency for transmission is changed from a first frequency (f1) to a second frequency (f2) at predetermined time intervals.
    EP02006120A 2001-03-23 2002-03-18 Method of radio communication in an alarm system Expired - Lifetime EP1244081B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    DE10114313 2001-03-23
    DE10114313A DE10114313C2 (en) 2001-03-23 2001-03-23 Procedure for radio transmission in a hazard detection system

    Publications (2)

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    EP1244081A1 EP1244081A1 (en) 2002-09-25
    EP1244081B1 true EP1244081B1 (en) 2003-12-17

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    EP (1) EP1244081B1 (en)
    AT (1) ATE256906T1 (en)
    DE (2) DE10114313C2 (en)
    ES (1) ES2213128T3 (en)

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    Publication number Publication date
    DE50200142D1 (en) 2004-01-29
    EP1244081A1 (en) 2002-09-25
    DE10114313A1 (en) 2003-05-15
    ATE256906T1 (en) 2004-01-15
    ES2213128T3 (en) 2004-08-16
    DE10114313C2 (en) 2003-12-04

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