EP1225655B1 - Dualband Planarantenne und diese enthaltendes Gerät - Google Patents

Dualband Planarantenne und diese enthaltendes Gerät Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1225655B1
EP1225655B1 EP01403150.4A EP01403150A EP1225655B1 EP 1225655 B1 EP1225655 B1 EP 1225655B1 EP 01403150 A EP01403150 A EP 01403150A EP 1225655 B1 EP1225655 B1 EP 1225655B1
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Prior art keywords
antenna
dot
area
those
zone
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EP01403150.4A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1225655A1 (de
Inventor
Kouam Charles Ngounou
Jean-Philippe Coupez
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Alcatel Lucent SAS
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Alcatel Lucent SAS
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/0421—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with a shorting wall or a shorting pin at one end of the element
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
    • H01Q1/243—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with built-in antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
    • H01Q13/106—Microstrip slot antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
    • H01Q5/314—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors
    • H01Q5/321—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors within a radiating element or between connected radiating elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
    • H01Q5/342—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes
    • H01Q5/357—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes using a single feed point
    • H01Q5/364—Creating multiple current paths
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/0442—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular tuning means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to radio transmission devices, in particular portable radiotelephones, and more particularly to antennas which are produced according to the microstrip technique to be included in such devices.
  • Such an antenna comprises a patch which is typically formed by etching a metal layer. It is called in English by specialists "microstrip patch antenna” for “microstrip pellet antenna”.
  • the microstrip technique is a planar technique that applies both to the realization of lines transmitting signals and to that of antennas coupling between such lines and radiated waves. It uses ribbons and / or conductive pads formed on the upper surface of a thin dielectric substrate. A conductive layer extends over the lower surface of this substrate and constitutes a ground of the line or antenna. Such a pellet is typically wider than such ribbon and its shapes and dimensions are important features of the antenna.
  • the shape of the substrate is typically that of a rectangular flat sheet of constant thickness and the pellet is also typically rectangular. But a variation of the thickness of the substrate can widen the bandwidth of such an antenna and its pellet can take various forms and for example be circular.
  • the electric field lines extend between the ribbon or pellet and the ground layer as they pass through the substrate.
  • Antennas made according to these techniques typically, although not necessarily, resonant structures capable of being the seat of standing waves for coupling with radiated waves in space.
  • each such resonance can be described as being a standing wave formed by the superposition of two progressive waves propagating in two opposite directions on the same path, these two waves resulting from the alternative reflection of the same progressive electromagnetic wave at both ends of this path.
  • the latter wave propagates in an electromagnetic line which would be constituted by the mass, the substrate and the pellet and which would define a linear path devoid of width.
  • this path can be rectilinear or curved. It will be referred to hereinafter as the "resonance path".
  • the frequency of the resonance is inversely proportional to the time taken by the traveling wave considered above to travel this path.
  • a first type of resonance can be called a "half wave".
  • the length of the resonance path is typically substantially equal to half a wavelength, that is to say half the wavelength of the progressive wave considered above.
  • the antenna is then called "half-wave".
  • This type of resonance can be defined in a general manner by the presence of an electrical current node at each of the two ends of such a path, the length of which can therefore also be equal to said half-wavelength multiplied by an integer other than one. This number is typically odd.
  • the coupling with the radiated waves is at least one of the two ends of this path, these ends being located in the regions where the amplitude of the electric field prevailing in the substrate is maximum.
  • a second type of resonance that can be obtained in the context of this same technique can be called "quarter wave". It differs from said half-wave type on the one hand in that the resonance path typically has a length substantially equal to one quarter wave, that is to say one quarter of the wavelength defined above.
  • the resonant structure must include a short circuit at one end of this path, the word short circuit designating a connection connecting the mass and the chip. In addition this short circuit must have an impedance sufficiently small to be able to impose such a resonance.
  • This type of resonance can be defined in a general manner by the presence of an electric field node fixed by such a short circuit in the vicinity of an edge of the chip and by an electrical current node located at the other end of the resonance path. The length of the latter can also be equal to an integer number of half-wavelengths adding to said quarter wavelength.
  • the coupling with the spatially radiated waves is at an edge of the pellet in a region where the magnitude of the electric field across the substrate is sufficiently large.
  • Resonances of other more or less complex types can be established in antennas of this kind, each resonance being characterized by a distribution of electric and magnetic fields oscillating in a zone of space including the antenna and the immediate vicinity of this one. They depend in particular on the configuration of the pellets, the latter may in particular have slots, possibly radiative. They also depend on the possible presence and localization of short-circuits as well as electrical models representative of these short-circuits when they are imperfect short circuits, that is to say when they are not assimilated, even approximately, to perfect short circuits whose impedances would be zero.
  • the present invention finds application in various types of devices such as portable radiotelephones, base stations for the latter, automobiles and aircraft or air missiles.
  • portable radiotelephone the continuous nature of the lower ground layer of a microstrip antenna limits the radiation power that is intercepted by the user's body of the device when the device operates program.
  • the antenna may be shaped to this profile so as not to reveal additional aerodynamic drag annoying.
  • a second known antenna is described in the patent document US-A 4,692,769 (Gegan ).
  • the pellet of this antenna has the shape of a circular disc 10 allowing this antenna to present two half-wave resonances.
  • the coupling system is in the form of a line 16 constituting a quarter-wave transformer and connected at an inner point to the area of the wafer so as to give the real part of the input impedance of the antenna of substantially equal values for these two resonances.
  • Line 16 is made according to the microstrip technique.
  • Two slots are formed in the conductive layer of this pastille and enter the area thereof from its periphery to delimit between them the ribbon of a terminal segment of this line. One of these two slots is continued by an extension which constitutes an impedance matching slot 28.
  • a third known dual-frequency antenna differs from the previous ones by the use of a quarter-wave resonance. It is described in an article: IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL DIGEST SYMPOSIUM, NEWPORT BEACH, JUNE 18-23, 1995, pages 2124-2127 Boag et al "Dual Band Cavity-Backed Quarter-Wave Patch Antenna
  • a first resonance frequency is defined by the dimensions and characteristics of the substrate and the pellet of this antenna.A resonance of substantially the same type is obtained at a second frequency on the same resonance path thanks to the use of an adaptation system.
  • a flat reactive element may, however, have another form for coupling according to this invention. It may for example be constituted by an interdigitated capacitance integrated in the layout of the separating slot by adequate cutting of the edges opposite the two areas of the pellet.
  • this antenna further includes a short circuit electrically connecting the first conductive pad to the ground in the vicinity of the origin of the separating slot.
  • the area of the capacitor is between 1% and 25% of that of the pellet.
  • the origin of the separating slot is preferably close to the short-circuit so as to give the two resonances two respective resonance paths extending both from this short circuit, one of these two paths s' extending only in the first range and the other extending in this first range and in the second range.
  • the antenna further comprises a coupling system.
  • This system is in the form of a microstrip line.
  • This line comprises on the one hand a main conductor consisting of a coupling strip C1 extending on the upper surface of the substrate.
  • This ribbon is connected to the chip 6 at a connection point 18 which may for example be located on the first lateral edge 14. The distance from the rear edge 10 at this point constitutes a connection dimension L4.
  • This line comprises, on the other hand, a ground conductor constituted by layer 4.
  • the substrate 2 is not represented under the ribbon C1 and that this line is represented with a very small length.
  • connection assembly which connects the resonant structure of the antenna to a signal processing member T, for example to excite one or more resonances of the antenna from this organ in the case where it is a transmitting antenna.
  • connection assembly typically includes a connecting line which is external to the antenna.
  • This line may in particular be of the coaxial type, of the microstrip type or of the coplanar type.
  • FIG 1 it has been symbolically represented in the form of two conducting wires C2 and C3 respectively connecting the mass 4 and the ribbon C1 to the two terminals of the signal processing unit T. But it must be understood that this line would in practice be made of preferably in the form of a microstrip line or a coaxial line.
  • the signal processing unit T is adapted to operate at predetermined working frequencies which are at least close to useful frequencies of the antenna, ie which are included in passbands centered on such useful frequencies, these frequencies being those of at least some of the resonance modes of the antenna. It can be composite and then include an element permanently assigned to each of these working frequencies. It can also include a tunable element on the various working frequencies.
  • a separating slot 17 enters the area of the pellet 6 from an origin 40 separating two segments 10 and 11 from the rear edge thereof. It extends to a bottom 15 located at a distance from the lateral edges 14 and 16 and the front edge 12. It partially separates from one another a first and a second beaches 31 and 33 which are connected beyond this bottom by a passage 32. It comprises for example three rectilinear segments of neighboring lengths a first segment extending from the origin 40 towards the front edge 12, approaching the second lateral edge 16, a second segment extending parallel to this front edge towards this lateral edge, and a third segment s' extending parallel to this first segment to the bottom 15. The distances from this bottom to these two edges are respectively less than half the length and width of the pellet. A width of this slot is defined at each point of its length. It is for example, although not necessarily, uniform.
  • This slot reveals two resonance modes respectively constituting a primary resonance having a frequency of primary resonance and secondary resonance having a secondary resonant frequency.
  • the primary resonance extends over the whole of the pellet 6. It is approximately of the quarter-wave type, its resonance path extending from the short-circuit S to the segment 11 of the trailing edge. Its coupling with radiated waves is mainly from this segment and from the adjacent portion of the second lateral edge 16.
  • the secondary resonance extends over the single range 31. It is also approximately of the quarter-wave type, its resonance path extending from the short circuit S to the front edge 12. Its coupling with radiated waves is mainly from this edge and from the adjacent part of the first lateral edge 14.
  • the first region 31 may have an outgrowth 34 extending in the plane of the pellet 6, projecting from the first lateral edge 14, in the vicinity of the front edge 12. It has indeed been found that such an outgrowth could facilitate adjusting the resonant frequencies of the antenna.
  • the area of this capacitor is for example rectangular and close to 5% of that of this pellet. It preferably extends in contact with or in the immediate vicinity of the periphery of this pellet.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Transmitters (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Planarantenne, wobei diese Antenne wechselseitig übereinandergelagerte Schichten einschließt, die jeweils bilden:
    - eine leitende Masse (4),
    - ein auf dieser Masse gebildetes dielektrisches Substrat (2), und
    - ein auf dieser Masse gebildetes Plättchen (6), wobei dieses Plättchen eine Fläche und eine Peripherie (10, 12, 14, 16) hat, wobei dieses Plättchen einen trennenden Spalt (17), dessen Ursprung (40) sich auf dieser Peripherie befindet, und einen sich in dieser Fläche befindlichen Boden (15) aufweist, wobei dieser Boden einen Durchgang (32) zwischen sich und dieser Peripherie lässt, wobei dieser Spalt ab diesem Ursprung (40) in diese Fläche eindringt und mit dieser Peripherie zusammenwirkt, um in dieser Fläche einen ersten Bereich (31) und einen zweiten Bereich (33) auszubilden, wobei diese beiden Bereiche leitend sind und elektrisch wechselseitig mittels dieses Spalts getrennt sind und mittels dieses Durchgangs verbunden sind, wobei diese Bereiche jeweilige Flächen haben,
    wobei diese Antenne dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass sie ferner ein flaches reaktives Element (CR) einschließt, das die zwei besagten leitenden Bereiche (31, 33) wechselseitig koppelt.
  2. Antenne nach Anspruch 1, wobei diese Antenne dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass das flache reaktive Element ein Kondensator (CR) ist, der eine zu jeder der besagten Flächen des ersten und des zweiten Bereichs untere Fläche hat, wobei diese Fläche unter der besagten Fläche des Plättchens (6) ist und sich kontinuierlich über den besagten ersten Bereich (31), über den besagten trennenden Spalt (17) beabstandet von dem besagten Boden (15) und über den besagten zweiten Bereich (33) erstreckt, wobei dieser Kondensator von besagten wechselseitig übereinanderliegenden Schichten gebildet ist, die mit dem Plättchen (6) zusammenwirken und jeweils bilden:
    - eine auf diesem Plättchen gebildete dielektrische Schicht (CD), und
    - einen auf dieser dielektrischen Schicht gebildeten leitenden Mantel (CA).
  3. Antenne nach Anspruch 2, wobei diese Antenne dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass die besagte Fläche des Kondensators (CR) zwischen 1 % und 25 % inklusive der besagten Fläche des Plättchens (6) ist.
  4. Antenne nach den Ansprüchen 2 oder 3, wobei die dielektrische Schicht (CD) eine relative Permittivität von 2,2 und eine Dicke von 0,1 mm hat.
  5. Antenne nach Anspruch 1, wobei diese Antenne dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass sich das flache reaktive Element (CR) im Kontakt oder in unmittelbarer Nachbarschaft der Peripherie des Plättchens (6) erstreckt.
  6. Antenne nach Anspruch 5, wobei diese Antenne dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass sie ferner einen Kurzschluss (S) einschließt, welcher den besagten ersten leitenden Bereich (31) mit der besagten Masse (4) in der Nachbarschaft des besagten Ursprungs (40) des trennenden Spalts (17) elektrisch verbindet.
  7. Antenne nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, wobei das Substrat (2) einen Schaumstoff umfasst, der eine relative Permittivität von 1,07 und einen dielektrischen Verlustfaktor von 0,0002 hat, wobei die Dicke des Substrats 7 mm beträgt.
  8. Antenne nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, wobei der Spalt (17) ein erstes Segment, das sich vom Ursprung (40) in Richtung eines vorderen Rands (12) erstreckt und sich einem seitlichen Rand (16) annähert, ein zweites Segment, das sich parallel zum vorderen Rand (12) in Richtung des seitlichen Rands (13) erstreckt, und ein drittes Segment, das sich parallel zum ersten Segment bis zum Boden (15) erstreckt, umfasst.
  9. Antenne nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, wobei das Plättchen eine Platte mit einer Länge (L1) von gleich 35 mm und einer Breite (W1) von gleich 24 mm ist.
  10. Dualband-Übertragungsvorrichtung, wobei diese Vorrichtung aufweist:
    - ein Signalverarbeitungsorgan (T), das ausgebildet ist, um in zwei Arbeitsbändern, die sich jeweils um zwei vorbestimmte zentrale Frequenzen erstrecken, um in jedem dieser zwei Bänder ein elektrisches Signal zu senden und/oder zu empfangen, frequenzabgestimmt zu sein,
    - eine Antennenverbindungseinheit, welche elektrische Leiter (C1, 4, C2, C3) einschließt, welche dieses Verarbeitungsorgan (T) mit einer Antenne (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9 verbindet, um das elektrische Signal mit Wellen zu koppeln, die sich um jede der zwei besagten zentralen Frequenzen ausbreiten, wobei einige dieser Leiter (C1, 4) direkt mit dieser Antenne (1) verbunden sind,
    - die Antenne (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, wobei das reaktive Element (CR) außerhalb der besagten Antennenverbindungseinheit ist, wobei die Antenne (1) zwei Resonanzen umfasst, die durch die Fläche, die sie jeweils auf dem Plättchen (6) der Antenne (1) belegen, differieren, wobei diese zwei Resonanzen jeweils in den zwei besagen Arbeitsbändern zentriert sind.
  11. Übertragungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 10,
    wobei die besagte Antenne ferner einen in dem besagten ersten Bereich auf der besagten Peripherie des Plättchens (6) gebildeten Kurzschluss (S) einschließt, wobei es dieser Kurzschluss und der besagte trennende Spalt (17) zwei Resonanzen erlauben, sich in dieser Antenne auszubilden, wobei mindestens eine dieser zwei Resonanzen vom Typ Viertelwelle mit einem von diesem Kurzschluss zumindest virtuell fixierten elektrischen Feldknoten ist, wobei eine dieser zwei Resonanzen eine Primärresonanz darstellt und eine Primärfrequenz (F1) etwa gleich einer der besagten zentralen Frequenzen hat, wobei die andere dieser zwei Resonanzen eine Sekundärresonanz mit einer Sekundärfrequenz (F2) etwa gleich der anderen dieser zwei zentralen Frequenzen darstellt, wobei die Verbindungseinheit die Antenne (1) mit dem Signalverarbeitungsorgan (T) um jede der zwei besagten zentralen Frequenzen koppelt,
    wobei die Übertragungsvorrichtung dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass das reaktive Element (CR) ein flaches Element ist, das sich etwa in der Ebene des Plättchens (6) erstreckt.
  12. Übertragungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 11, wobei diese Vorrichtung dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass das flache reaktive Element ein Kondensator (CR) ist, wobei dieser Kondensator eine zu jeder der besagten Flächen des ersten und des zweiten Bereichs untere Fläche hat, wobei diese Fläche unter der besagten Fläche des Plättchens (6) ist und sich kontinuierlich über den besagten ersten Bereich (31), über den besagten trennenden Spalt (17) beabstandet von dem besagten Boden (15) und über den besagten zweiten Bereich (33) erstreckt, wobei dieser Kondensator von besagten wechselseitig übereinanderliegenden Schichten gebildet ist, die mit dem Plättchen (6) zusammenarbeiten und jeweils bilden:
    - eine auf diesem Plättchen gebildete dielektrische Schicht (CD), und
    - einen auf dieser dielektrischen Schicht gebildeten leitenden Mantel (CA).
  13. Übertragungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 11, wobei die in der Antennenverbindungseinheit eingeschlossenen und direkt mit der Antenne verbundenen besagten Leiter (C1, 4) lediglich sind:
    - ein in einer selben leitenden Schicht wie das Plättchen (6) gebildeter Streifen (C1) und
    - eine in einer selben leitenden Schicht (4) wie die Masse der Antenne gebildete Masse, um mit diesem Streifen eine Linie vom Typ Mikrostreifen zu bilden.
  14. Übertragungsvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 13, wobei die primäre Resonanzfrequenz (F1) gleich 965 MHz ist und die sekundäre Resonanzfrequenz (F2) gleich 1805 MHz. ist.
EP01403150.4A 2001-01-05 2001-12-06 Dualband Planarantenne und diese enthaltendes Gerät Expired - Lifetime EP1225655B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0100139 2001-01-05
FR0100139A FR2819346B1 (fr) 2001-01-05 2001-01-05 Antenne planaire et dispositif de transmission bi-bande incluant cette antenne

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP1225655A1 EP1225655A1 (de) 2002-07-24
EP1225655B1 true EP1225655B1 (de) 2016-03-30

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US (1) US6606062B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1225655B1 (de)
JP (1) JP4249411B2 (de)
CN (1) CN100433451C (de)
FR (1) FR2819346B1 (de)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2819346B1 (fr) 2004-06-18
US20020196191A1 (en) 2002-12-26
EP1225655A1 (de) 2002-07-24
CN1363968A (zh) 2002-08-14
FR2819346A1 (fr) 2002-07-12
CN100433451C (zh) 2008-11-12
JP2002271132A (ja) 2002-09-20
JP4249411B2 (ja) 2009-04-02
US6606062B2 (en) 2003-08-12

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