EP1211460A2 - Flame monitoring circuit - Google Patents

Flame monitoring circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1211460A2
EP1211460A2 EP01127983A EP01127983A EP1211460A2 EP 1211460 A2 EP1211460 A2 EP 1211460A2 EP 01127983 A EP01127983 A EP 01127983A EP 01127983 A EP01127983 A EP 01127983A EP 1211460 A2 EP1211460 A2 EP 1211460A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transistor
flame
voltage source
burner
ionization electrode
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP01127983A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1211460B1 (en
EP1211460A3 (en
Inventor
Jochen Grabe
Carsten Wölfl
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Vaillant GmbH
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Vaillant GmbH
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Priority to AT01127983T priority Critical patent/ATE338250T1/en
Publication of EP1211460A2 publication Critical patent/EP1211460A2/en
Publication of EP1211460A3 publication Critical patent/EP1211460A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1211460B1 publication Critical patent/EP1211460B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/12—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods
    • F23N5/123—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods using electronic means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a flame monitor circuit according to the preamble of independent claim.
  • the aim of the invention is to avoid this disadvantage and a flame guard circuit to propose the type mentioned above, which is characterized by a simple structure distinguished and in which only a positive supply voltage compared to the burner mass is required for the evaluation circuit.
  • the proposed measures achieve in a simple manner that the over Ionization electrode flowing ionization current from the transistor of the evaluation circuit can be detected.
  • an AC voltage source U_Ioni is connected via a resistor R155 and a capacitor C150 connected in series therewith to an ionization electrode ioni, which is arranged near the flame zone of a burner (not shown).
  • the flame is represented by an equivalent circuit diagram which comprises a high-resistance resistor R flame and a diode D flame connected in series therewith, this series circuit being connected to the ground of the burner.
  • the ionization electrode ioni is further connected to an evaluation circuit.
  • This includes a voltage divider circuit consisting of one with the ionization electrode loni connected series connection of resistors R153 and R154 on the one hand and one Resistor R163, which is connected to a positive pole of a DC voltage source Ub is.
  • a capacitor C154 is connected in parallel to the resistor R163, on which also which is connected to the base of a pnp transistor T152, whose emitter is connected to the positive pole of the DC voltage source Ub is connected.
  • the collector of the Transistor T152 is connected to the burner ground via a resistor R164 the negative pole GND of the DC voltage source Ub is connected.
  • a signal device is also connected to the collector of transistor T152 also with the positive pole of the DC voltage source Ub and its negative pole GND is connected.
  • This signaling device comprises a capacitor C152 connected in series with a diode D150 and another capacitor C151 is connected, the latter with a Base terminal of a transistor T150, a collector terminal of a transistor T151 and via a resistor R152 with the positive pole of the DC voltage source Ub connected is.
  • the diode D150 is further connected to the base terminal of the transistor T151 and connected to the burner ground via a resistor R159.
  • the capacitor C152 and the diode D150 are also connected via a resistor R158 connected to the burner mass.
  • the emitter of transistor T151 is connected to the burner ground via a resistor R161, or the negative pole GND of the DC voltage source Ub, the emitter of transistor T150 through this resistor and one connected in series with it Resistor R162 is also connected to the burner ground.
  • the collector of transistor T150 is directly connected to the positive pole of the DC voltage source Ub.
  • Resistors R157 and R160 _Flame 1 and _Flame2 indicators connected.
  • the flame in the sense of an electronic equivalent circuit forms a high-resistance diode path to the resistor R flame in series with the diode D flame, the voltage across the ionisation electrode loni voltage U_Ioni is through resistors R153, R154 and R163 is divided down and in combination filtered with the capacitor C154 low pass.
  • the AC voltage thus applied to the base of T152 is not sufficient to drive transistor T152.
  • the transistor T152 is permanently blocked. This also blocks transistor T151 and transistor T150 is turned on.
  • the potential on the _Flamme1 displays and the optional second _Flamme2 display is a high potential, which means that no flame is detected.
  • transistor T150 blocks permanently and on the _Flamme1 and _Flamme2 displays is a, essentially from the voltage divider, through the resistors R152 and R161 is formed, resulting in the low level. If the flame is low, it will Potential at the base of the transistor T152 is so small that it is driven permanently, transistor T151 also becomes permanent via resistor R165 and diode D150 controlled and the transistor T150 blocks. In this case there is also a low level the _Flamme1 and _Flamme2 displays, which in turn means that a flame has been detected equivalent.
  • a Hysteresis behavior can be set.
  • Via resistors R164, R165, R158 and R159 in connection with the capacitors C152 and C151 the sensitivity of the Evaluation circuit or the signal device can be set.
  • the circuit is designed so that component errors always, even in connection with a independent second error, either lead to a static output signal, or the Do not influence the function of the circuit or only in terms of sensitivity. This enables the use e.g. in automatic burner controls according to EN 298.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)

Abstract

The burner monitoring circuit has a changeover voltage (Uion) connected ionization electrode (Iioni) mounted adjacent to the burner flame. It has an evaluation monitor connected to a compensating voltage source (Ub) with a ionization electrode current flow controlled transistor (T152). The negative pole of the compensating source (Ub) is connected to the burner mass. The positive pole is connected to a deep pass filter (C154) to the ionisation electrode.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Flammenwächterschaltung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des unabhängigen Anspruches.The invention relates to a flame monitor circuit according to the preamble of independent claim.

Bei Flammenüberwachungsschaltungen der eingangs erwähnten Art, die den lonisationseffekt der Flamme ausnutzen, wird meist eine gegenüber dem Bezugspotential das durch die Brennermasse gebildet ist, negative Spannungsversorgung benötigt. Diese muß im Netzteil durch entsprechenden Mehraufwand erzeugt werden.In flame monitoring circuits of the type mentioned at the outset, which have the ionization effect exploiting the flame is usually one compared to the reference potential by the Burner mass is formed, negative voltage supply required. This must be in the power supply generated by corresponding additional effort.

Ziel der Erfindung ist es, diesen Nachteil zu vermeiden und eine Flammenwächterschaltung der eingangs erwähnten Art vorzuschlagen, die sich durch einen einfachen Aufbau auszeichnet und bei der lediglich eine gegenüber der Brennermasse positive Versorgungsspannung für die Auswerteschaltung erforderlich ist.The aim of the invention is to avoid this disadvantage and a flame guard circuit to propose the type mentioned above, which is characterized by a simple structure distinguished and in which only a positive supply voltage compared to the burner mass is required for the evaluation circuit.

Erfindungsgemäß wird dies bei einer Flammenüberwachungsschaltung der eingangs erwähnten Art durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des unabhängigen Anspruches erreicht. According to the invention, this becomes the case with a flame monitoring circuit mentioned type by the characterizing features of the independent claim reached.

Durch die vorgeschlagenen Maßnahmen wird auf einfache Weise erreicht, daß der über die lonisationselektrode fließende lonisationsstrom von dem Transistor der Auswerteschaltung erfaßt werden kann.The proposed measures achieve in a simple manner that the over Ionization electrode flowing ionization current from the transistor of the evaluation circuit can be detected.

Durch die Merkmale des abhängigen Anspruches ergibt sich eine in konstruktiver Hinsicht besonders einfache Lösung.The features of the dependent claim result in a constructive aspect particularly simple solution.

Die Erfindung wird nun anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert, die ein Schaltbild einer erfindungsgemäßen Flammenwächterschaltung zeigt.The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing, which is a circuit diagram of a shows flame guard circuit according to the invention.

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Flammenwächterschaltung ist eine Wechselspannungsquelle U_Ioni über einen Widerstand R155 und einen zu diesem in Reihe geschalteten Kondensator C150 mit einer lonisationselektrode loni verbunden, die nahe der Flammenzone eines nicht dargestellten Brenners angeordnet ist. Dabei ist die Flamme durch ein Ersatzschaltbild dargestellt, das einen hochohmigen Widerstand RFlamme und eine zu diesem in Reihe geschalteten Diode DFlamme umfaßt, wobei diese Reihenschaltung mit der Masse des Brenners verbunden ist.In the flame monitor circuit according to the invention, an AC voltage source U_Ioni is connected via a resistor R155 and a capacitor C150 connected in series therewith to an ionization electrode ioni, which is arranged near the flame zone of a burner (not shown). The flame is represented by an equivalent circuit diagram which comprises a high-resistance resistor R flame and a diode D flame connected in series therewith, this series circuit being connected to the ground of the burner.

Die lonisationselektrode loni ist weiter mit einer Auswerteschaltung verbunden. Diese umfaßt eine Spannungsteilerschaltung bestehend aus einer mit der lonisationselektrode loni verbundenen Reihenschaltung der Widerstände R153 und R154 einerseits und eines Widerstandes R163, der mit einem positiven Pol einer Gleichspannungsquelle Ub verbunden ist. Dabei ist zum Widerstand R163 ein Kondensator C154 parallel geschaltet, an dem auch die die Basis eines pnp-Transistors T152 angeschlossen ist, dessen Emitter mit dem positiven Pol der Gleichspannungsquelle Ub angeschlossen ist. Der Kollektor des Transistors T152 ist über einen Widerstand R164 mit der Brennermasse verbunden, die mit dem negativen Pol GND der Gleichspannungsquelle Ub verbunden ist. The ionization electrode ioni is further connected to an evaluation circuit. This includes a voltage divider circuit consisting of one with the ionization electrode loni connected series connection of resistors R153 and R154 on the one hand and one Resistor R163, which is connected to a positive pole of a DC voltage source Ub is. A capacitor C154 is connected in parallel to the resistor R163, on which also which is connected to the base of a pnp transistor T152, whose emitter is connected to the positive pole of the DC voltage source Ub is connected. The collector of the Transistor T152 is connected to the burner ground via a resistor R164 the negative pole GND of the DC voltage source Ub is connected.

An dem Kollektor des Transistors T152 ist weiter eine Signaleinrichtung angeschlossen, die ebenfalls mit dem positiven Pol der Gleichspannungsquelle Ub und deren negativen Pol GND angeschlossen ist.A signal device is also connected to the collector of transistor T152 also with the positive pole of the DC voltage source Ub and its negative pole GND is connected.

Diese Signaleinrichtung umfaßt einen Kondensator C152, der in Reihe mit einer Diode D150 und einem weiteren Kondensator C151 geschaltet ist, wobei letzterer mit einem Basisanschluß eines Transistors T150, einem Kollektoranschluß eines Transistors T151 und über einen Widerstand R152 mit dem positiven Pol der Gleichspannungsquelle Ub verbunden ist. Die Diode D150 ist dabei weiter mit dem Basisanschluß des Transistors T151 und über einen Widerstand R159 mit der Brennermasse verbunden.This signaling device comprises a capacitor C152 connected in series with a diode D150 and another capacitor C151 is connected, the latter with a Base terminal of a transistor T150, a collector terminal of a transistor T151 and via a resistor R152 with the positive pole of the DC voltage source Ub connected is. The diode D150 is further connected to the base terminal of the transistor T151 and connected to the burner ground via a resistor R159.

Der Kondensator C152 und die Diode D150 sind über einen Widerstand R158 ebenfalls mit der Brennermasse verbunden.The capacitor C152 and the diode D150 are also connected via a resistor R158 connected to the burner mass.

Der Emitter des Transistors T151 ist über einen Widerstand R161 mit der Brennermasse, bzw. dem negativen Pol GND der Gleichspannnungsquelle Ub verbunden, wobei der Emitter des Transistors T150 über diesen Widerstand und einen zu diesem in Reihe geschalteten Widerstand R162 ebenfalls an der Brennermasse liegt. Der Kollektor des Transistors T150 ist direkt mit dem positiven Pol der Gleichspanungsquelle Ub verbunden.The emitter of transistor T151 is connected to the burner ground via a resistor R161, or the negative pole GND of the DC voltage source Ub, the emitter of transistor T150 through this resistor and one connected in series with it Resistor R162 is also connected to the burner ground. The collector of transistor T150 is directly connected to the positive pole of the DC voltage source Ub.

Zwischen dem Emitter des Transistors T150 und dem Widerstand R162 sind über Widerstände R157 und R160 Anzeigen _Flamme 1 und _Flamme2 angeschlossen.Between the emitter of transistor T150 and resistor R162 are over Resistors R157 and R160 _Flame 1 and _Flame2 indicators connected.

Die Funktion der Auswerteschaltung samt der Signaleinrichtung wird im folgenden erläutert.The function of the evaluation circuit including the signaling device is explained below.

Ist keine Flamme vorhanden, wobei die Flamme im Sinne eines elektronischen Ersatzschaltbildes eine hochohmige Diodenstrecke mit dem Widerstand RFlamme in Reihe zur Diode DFlamme bildet, wird die an der lonisationselektrode loni anliegende Spannung U_Ioni über die Widerstände R153, R154 und R163 heruntergeteilt und in Kombination mit dem Kondensator C154 Tiefpass gefiltert. Die somit an der Basis von T152 anliegende Wechselspannung reicht nicht aus um den Transistor T152 anzusteuern. Der Transistor T152 ist dauerhaft gesperrt. Damit sperrt auch der Transistor T151 und der Transistor T150 ist durchgeschaltet. Das Potential an den Anzeigen _Flamme1 und der optionalen zweiten Anzeige _Flamme2 ist ein High-Potential, das bedeutet, daß keine Flamme erkannt wird.There is no flame, the flame in the sense of an electronic equivalent circuit forms a high-resistance diode path to the resistor R flame in series with the diode D flame, the voltage across the ionisation electrode loni voltage U_Ioni is through resistors R153, R154 and R163 is divided down and in combination filtered with the capacitor C154 low pass. The AC voltage thus applied to the base of T152 is not sufficient to drive transistor T152. The transistor T152 is permanently blocked. This also blocks transistor T151 and transistor T150 is turned on. The potential on the _Flamme1 displays and the optional second _Flamme2 display is a high potential, which means that no flame is detected.

Bei vorhandener Flamme fließt bei der positiven Halbwelle von U_loni ein Strom von der lonisationselektrode loni zur Brennermasse, bzw. dem negativen Pol GND der Gleichspannungsquelle Ub. Dadurch sinkt das Potential an der Basis des Transistors T152 und während der negativen Halbwelle fängt dessen Emitter-Kollektorstrecke an zu leiten, was dazu führt, dass am Kollektor des Transistors T152 Spannungsimpulse erzeugt werden, die über den Kondensator C152 und Diode D150 auf die Basis des Transistors T151 übertragen werden und dieser leitend wird. Da sich der Kondensator C151 durch die Basis-Emitterstrecke des Transistors T151 umlädt, bleibt letzterer für einige Zeit leitend. Der Transistor T150 sperrt hierdurch dauerhaft und an den Anzeigen _Flamme1 und _Flamme2 liegt ein, sich im wesentlichen aus dem Spannungsteiler, der durch die Widerstände R152 und R161 gebildet ist, ergebender, Low-Pegel an. Wird bei niederohmiger Flamme das Potential an der Basis des Transistors T152 so klein, daß dieser dauerhaft angesteuert wird, wird über den Widerstand R165 und die Diode D150 der Transistor T151 ebenfalls dauerhaft angesteuert und der Transistor T150 sperrt. In diesem Fall liegt ebenfalls ein Low-Pegel an den Anzeigen _Flamme1 und _Flamme2 an, was wiederum einer erkannten Flamme entspricht.If there is a flame, a current flows from the at the positive half wave of U_loni ionization electrode loni to the burner ground, or the negative pole GND of the DC voltage source Ub. This lowers the potential at the base of transistor T152 and during the negative half wave, its emitter-collector path begins to conduct, which causes voltage pulses to be generated at the collector of transistor T152, via capacitor C152 and diode D150 to the base of transistor T151 transferred and this becomes conductive. As the capacitor C151 extends through the base-emitter path of the transistor T151 recharges, the latter remains conductive for some time. The As a result, transistor T150 blocks permanently and on the _Flamme1 and _Flamme2 displays is a, essentially from the voltage divider, through the resistors R152 and R161 is formed, resulting in the low level. If the flame is low, it will Potential at the base of the transistor T152 is so small that it is driven permanently, transistor T151 also becomes permanent via resistor R165 and diode D150 controlled and the transistor T150 blocks. In this case there is also a low level the _Flamme1 and _Flamme2 displays, which in turn means that a flame has been detected equivalent.

Durch geeignete Dimensionierung der Widerstände R161, R162, R152 kann ein Hystereseverhalten eingestellt werden. Über die Widerstände R164, R165, R158 und R159 in Verbindung mit den Kondensatoren C152 und C151 kann die Empfindlichkeit der Auswerteschaltung bzw. der Signaleinrichtung eingestellt werden.By suitable dimensioning of the resistors R161, R162, R152 a Hysteresis behavior can be set. Via resistors R164, R165, R158 and R159 in connection with the capacitors C152 and C151 the sensitivity of the Evaluation circuit or the signal device can be set.

Die Schaltung ist so ausgelegt, dass Bauteilfehler immer, auch in Verbindung mit einem unabhängigen Zweitfehler, entweder zu einem statischen Ausgangsignal führen, oder die Funktion der Schaltung nicht oder nur im Hinblick auf die Empfindlichkeit beeinflussen. Dieses ermöglicht den Einsatz z.B. in Gasfeuerungsautomaten nach EN 298.The circuit is designed so that component errors always, even in connection with a independent second error, either lead to a static output signal, or the Do not influence the function of the circuit or only in terms of sensitivity. This enables the use e.g. in automatic burner controls according to EN 298.

Claims (2)

Flammenwächterschaltung mit einer an eine Wechselspannung (U_Ioni) angeschlossene lonisationselektrode (loni), die nahe einem Flammenbereich eines Brenners angeordnet ist, und einer Auswerteschaltung, die an einer Gleichspannungsquelle (Ub) liegt und einen vom über die lonisationselektrode (loni) fließenden Strom gesteuerten Transistor (T152) aufweist, der eine Signaleinrichtung steuert, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der negative Pol (GND) der Gleichspannungsquelle (Ub) an der Masse des Brenners liegt und der positive Pol der Gleichspannungsquelle (Ub) über ein Tiefpassfilter (C154, R153, R154) mit der lonisationselektrode (loni) verbunden und die Basis des Transistors (T152) mit dem Kondensator (C154) des Tiefpassfilters verbunden ist.Flame guard circuit with an ionization electrode (loni) connected to an alternating voltage (U_Ioni), which is arranged near a flame area of a burner, and an evaluation circuit, which is connected to a DC voltage source (Ub) and a transistor controlled by the current flowing via the ionization electrode (loni) ( T152) which controls a signaling device, characterized in that the negative pole (GND) of the DC voltage source (Ub) is connected to the ground of the burner and the positive pole of the DC voltage source (Ub) via a low-pass filter (C154, R153, R154) the ionization electrode (loni) and the base of the transistor (T152) is connected to the capacitor (C154) of the low-pass filter. Flammenüberwachungsschaltung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Transistor (T152) als pnp-Transistor ausgebildet ist und ein Widerstand (R163) parallel zu dem an den positiven Pol der Gleichspannungsquelle (Ub) angeschlossenen Kondensator (C154) geschaltet ist, wobei der Emitter des Transistors (T152) ebenfalls mit dem positiven Pol der Gleichspannungsquelle (Ub) verbunden ist.Flame monitoring circuit according to Claim 1, characterized in that the transistor (T152) is designed as a pnp transistor and a resistor (R163) is connected in parallel with the capacitor (C154) connected to the positive pole of the DC voltage source (Ub), the emitter of the Transistor (T152) is also connected to the positive pole of the DC voltage source (Ub).
EP01127983A 2000-12-01 2001-11-24 Flame monitoring circuit Expired - Lifetime EP1211460B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT01127983T ATE338250T1 (en) 2000-12-01 2001-11-24 FLAME SWITCH CIRCUIT

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10061252 2000-12-01
DE10061252 2000-12-01
AT8622001 2001-06-05
AT8622001 2001-06-05

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1211460A2 true EP1211460A2 (en) 2002-06-05
EP1211460A3 EP1211460A3 (en) 2004-04-14
EP1211460B1 EP1211460B1 (en) 2006-08-30

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ID=25608447

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01127983A Expired - Lifetime EP1211460B1 (en) 2000-12-01 2001-11-24 Flame monitoring circuit

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1211460B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE338250T1 (en)
DE (2) DE50110866D1 (en)
DK (1) DK1211460T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2270940T3 (en)

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH10212983A (en) 1997-01-29 1998-08-11 Toyota Motor Corp Power output device

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1277402A (en) * 1968-08-27 1972-06-14 United Gas Industries Ltd Flame detection system
NL8401173A (en) * 1984-04-12 1985-11-01 Philips Nv FLAME PROTECTION CIRCUIT.
GB8906235D0 (en) * 1989-03-17 1989-05-04 Cambridge Instr Ltd Flame detection apparatus and method
US5472336A (en) * 1993-05-28 1995-12-05 Honeywell Inc. Flame rectification sensor employing pulsed excitation

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH10212983A (en) 1997-01-29 1998-08-11 Toyota Motor Corp Power output device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE50110866D1 (en) 2006-10-12
DE10159032A1 (en) 2002-09-12
ATE338250T1 (en) 2006-09-15
ES2270940T3 (en) 2007-04-16
EP1211460B1 (en) 2006-08-30
DK1211460T3 (en) 2007-01-08
EP1211460A3 (en) 2004-04-14

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