EP1205704B1 - Process for filling a vehicle tank with gas - Google Patents
Process for filling a vehicle tank with gas Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1205704B1 EP1205704B1 EP20010810985 EP01810985A EP1205704B1 EP 1205704 B1 EP1205704 B1 EP 1205704B1 EP 20010810985 EP20010810985 EP 20010810985 EP 01810985 A EP01810985 A EP 01810985A EP 1205704 B1 EP1205704 B1 EP 1205704B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- fuel tank
- vehicle fuel
- filling
- determined
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 33
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 claims 18
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 70
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
- F17C5/06—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with compressed gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
- F17C13/025—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the pressure as the parameter
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
- F17C13/026—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the temperature as the parameter
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/04—Methods for emptying or filling
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
- F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
- F17C2250/043—Pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
- F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
- F17C2250/0439—Temperature
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
- F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
- F17C2265/065—Fluid distribution for refueling vehicle fuel tanks
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0134—Applications for fluid transport or storage placed above the ground
- F17C2270/0139—Fuel stations
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for filling a vehicle tank with gas according to the preamble of the independent claim.
- Gas-powered automobiles as an alternative to conventional motor vehicles powered by liquid fuels such as gasoline or diesel fuel are becoming increasingly important.
- compressed natural gas is typically used as fuel for gas powered vehicles.
- gaseous hydrogen is another fuel.
- the vehicle tanks are usually filled to high pressures.
- the vehicle tank is filled to a final pressure of about 200 bar based on a reference temperature of 15 ° C.
- gaseous hydrogen even higher ultimate pressures, for example, 600 bar, sought, which is primarily due to the lower energy density of hydrogen (compared to natural gas).
- the outside temperature is taken into account during filling. If one assumes that the final pressure at a reference temperature of 15 ° C for natural gas should be about 200 bar, then at an outside temperature of less than 15 ° C the refueling be terminated at a pressure of less than 200 bar, to ensure that with an increase in the outside temperature in the vehicle tank no unacceptably high pressure. Conversely, at an outside temperature of more than 15 ° C can be refueled up to a final pressure of more than 200 bar.
- the vehicle tanks are thus designed so that even with fluctuations in the outside temperature no unacceptably high pressure in the tank arises, provided that the maximum final pressure at the refueling end Batend a pressure of 200 bar at the reference temperature of 15 ° C.
- the vehicle tank is connected with a pressure-resistant line to a dispenser and filled the pressurized gas by means of the dispenser from a storage unit in the vehicle tank.
- the final pressure allowed for the currently prevailing temperature is calculated.
- a small amount of gas is introduced into the vehicle tank to effect pressure equalization between the vehicle tank and the dispenser.
- the pressure prevailing in the vehicle tank initial pressure is measured after the pressure equalization in the dispenser and then filled a certain mass of gas in the vehicle tank.
- the mass flow of the gas is interrupted and in turn measured the pressure prevailing in the vehicle tank pressure in the dispenser. From these pressure values, a relationship between the mass of the discharged gas and the pressure in the vehicle tank is determined. Based on this relationship, a mass of gas is calculated such that at least one more mass of gas must be supplied to fill the vehicle tank to the final pressure. After the calculated mass of gas has been supplied to the vehicle tank, the mass flow is interrupted again and determines the pressure prevailing in the vehicle tank pressure in the dispenser. The operations of calculating an additional mass of gas, supplying this mass of gas, and interrupting the mass flow for pressure determination become repeated several times until the temperature-corrected final pressure is reached in the vehicle tank.
- the problem solving method for filling a vehicle tank with a gas is characterized by the features of the independent claim.
- the filling process can be carried out without interruption.
- the interruptions of the mass flow as in the EP-A-0-653 585 are proposed in each case to determine the current pressure prevailing in the vehicle tank pressure in the dispensing device are no longer necessary in the inventive method, because the measurement data required for the parameter online during the current filling in the vehicle tank are determined.
- the inventive method is particularly fast and accurate, without concessions to the security are necessary.
- the safety increases even more, because the level is determined based on measured data obtained in the vehicle tank.
- the collection of data in the vehicle tank allows an even more accurate determination of the filling level, so that the permitted limits for the filling can be optimally exploited because they can be fully exploited without the danger of exceeding the safety limits.
- the end value of the parameter, at which the filling is terminated, independent of the temperature, that is, a characteristic is selected, which represents the level of the vehicle tank, regardless of the temperature.
- the characteristic of the density of the gas in the vehicle tank is determined.
- a final value can be specified, namely the maximum permissible density or operating density, which is independent of the prevailing outside temperature during the filling.
- the temperature-independent end value for the parameter has the advantage that it is no longer necessary to calculate a temperature-corrected value for the final pressure of the refueling.
- a further advantageous measure is that the parameter is first determined before the vehicle tank is filled with gas, so that the current level of the vehicle tank is known as the initial value before the start of the filling. This initial value is used during refueling to compare the current fill level determined in the vehicle tank with the data determined in the dispenser. If there are discrepancies in this comparison, this indicates an error and appropriate countermeasures can be taken. As is generally customary, the mass of the released gas is detected by measurement in the dispensing device.
- a control variable corresponding to the parameter is then determined from the emitted gas mass, the control variable is compared with the characteristic variable, and an error message or the cancellation of the filling takes place if the deviation between the parameter and the control variable exceeds a predefinable limit.
- the reliability of gas refueling can be significantly increased, because there are two different determinations of the current level of the vehicle tank.
- the characteristic variable representative of the current filling level is determined with the aid of the sensor device arranged in the vehicle tank, and on the other hand, the control variable corresponding to the characteristic variable is determined in the dispensing device on the basis of the mass of the discharged gas measured there. Due to the respective comparison of these two variables, errors in the filling, for example leaks, can be detected early and reliably.
- the sensor device arranged in the vehicle tank comprises a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor with which the temperature and the pressure of the gas in the tank are measured. From this, the density of the gas is then determined as the parameter.
- the inventive method is suitable for a variety of gas filling plants and in particular for those with which compressed natural gas or gaseous hydrogen is filled in a tank.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of the essential parts of a gas filling plant for carrying out an embodiment of the inventive method, which is generally designated by the reference numeral 1.
- a gas-powered motor vehicle 30 which has a vehicle tank 31, which is designed as a pressure vessel.
- the vehicle tank 31 serves as a storage container for a gaseous fuel, for example compressed natural gas or gaseous hydrogen, which is required for the operation of the motor vehicle 30. It is understood that the vehicle tank 31 is designed so that it easily withstands the ultimate pressure and the usual safety reserves. With the final pressure while the pressure is meant, to which the vehicle tank 31 is filled in the refueling.
- the final pressure In the case of natural gas, for example, it is customary to choose the final pressure so that it corresponds to a pressure of about 200 bar at a reference temperature of 15 ° C. In the case of hydrogen, the final pressure is normally chosen higher, for example 600 bar based on the reference temperature 15 ° C.
- the vehicle tank 31 is connected via a pressure-resistant connection line 36 with a filler neck 37 accessible from the outside, which is arranged here on the outside of the motor vehicle 30.
- a sensor device which in the exemplary embodiment described here comprises a pressure sensor 32 and a temperature sensor 33 with which the current pressure and the current temperature in the vehicle tank 31 can be detected metrologically.
- the sensors 32, 33 are connected via lines 35 to an electronics module 34 provided outside the vehicle tank 31, but in the motor vehicle 30.
- the electronic module 34 receives the measured values acquired by the sensors 32, 33 and processes them. Furthermore, the electronic module 34 serves to transmit data to the gas refueling installation 1.
- the volume of the vehicle tank 31 is stored, which is a constant size.
- the volume can be over one Signal line are transmitted to the electronic module 34.
- the gas refueling system 1 shown only with its essential parts comprises a dispenser 2 and a stationary storage unit 3, in which the gas for refueling, so for example natural gas or gaseous hydrogen, is stored. Furthermore, a compression device, not shown, is provided which refills the storage unit 3 with gas again if necessary.
- the storage unit comprises a plurality of storage tanks, here three storage tanks, each of which is connected via a separate pressure-resistant connection line 4a, 4b and 4c to the dispenser 2.
- the dispensing device 2 comprises a switching device 5, to which the three connecting lines 4a, 4b and 4c are connected. From the switching device 5, a pressure-resistant line 7 extends through a valve, which is preferably designed as a solenoid valve 6, and via a solenoid valve 6 downstream mass flow meter 8 to the output 9 of the dispenser 2. At the output 9, a pressure-resistant line 10 is connected is provided at its other end with a coupling 11 which is connectable to the filler neck 37 of the motor vehicle 30.
- the dispensing device further comprises a communication module 13, an evaluation and control unit 12 and an operating module 14.
- the gas refueling system can be set by appropriate inputs in operation or operated.
- the operating module 14 further comprises a display unit on which z. B. the mass of the gas tanked or the price of the gas are displayed.
- the communication module 13 receives data from the electronics module 34 of the motor vehicle 30 and forwards them via a signal line to the evaluation and control unit 12.
- the evaluation and control unit 12 is further connected via signal lines to the mass flow meter 8 and to the solenoid valve 6.
- the solenoid valve 6 is an electromagnetically actuated valve, which is controlled by signals coming from the evaluation and control unit 12. By means of the solenoid valve 6, the flow connection for the gas between the switching device 5 and the output 9 can be opened or closed, so that by actuation of the solenoid valve 6 of the filling process can be started or ended.
- the mass flow meter 8 is preferably a measuring device based on the Coriolis principle. Such Coriolis mass flow meters per se are well known. With them, the mass of the gas is measured, which is discharged during refueling.
- the switching device 5 serves in each case to connect one of the connecting lines 4a or 4b or 4c to the line 7. If, for example, the connection line 4a is connected to the line 7 and the pressure in the storage tank 4a belonging to the storage tank of the storage unit 3 drops so far during refueling that the mass flow of the gas becomes too low, then with the changeover device 5 to another storage tank be switched by the line 7 is connected to the connecting line 4b or 4c.
- the communication module 13 receives data, for example measured values or the volume of the vehicle tank 31, from the electronic module 34 of the motor vehicle 30.
- the communication module 13 is signal-connected to the electronic module 34. This can be done for example via a signal line 23. It is also possible to integrate the signal line 23 in the pressure-resistant line 10, for example, to arrange the signal line 23 on the outside of the line 10. Furthermore, it is possible to configure the signal connection between the electronic module 34 and the communication module 13 wirelessly, for example by means of radio or optical methods such as infrared signals.
- the inventive method is based on using the sensor device which is arranged in the vehicle tank 31 to determine the current value of a parameter during filling, which is representative of the current level of the vehicle tank 31, that is, the current level of the vehicle tank 31st is determined by measurements in the vehicle tank 31 itself.
- the density ⁇ of the gas in the vehicle tank 31 is used as a characteristic.
- This parameter which is also referred to as the operating density, has the advantage that a maximum permissible final value can be specified for it, which is independent of the respective prevailing temperature.
- the temperature-dependent final pressure for filling z. B. calculated from the isochoric behavior of the gas.
- a maximum allowable final value for the density of the gas can be specified, and the filling can then - regardless of the prevailing outside temperature - continue until this final value for the density in the vehicle tank 31 is reached.
- ⁇ T m T / V
- m T denotes the mass of the gas in the vehicle tank 31
- V the volume of the vehicle tank 31, which is a constant size.
- the pressure-resistant line 10 of the dispensing device 2 is connected by means of the coupling 11 to the filler neck 37 of the motor vehicle 30. Furthermore, if appropriate, the signal line 23 is connected, on the one hand, to the electronic module 34 and, on the other hand, to the communication module 13.
- the pressure sensor 32 or the temperature sensor 33 initially measures the initial pressure p 0 or the initial temperature T 0 , which prevail in the vehicle tank 31 before the start of filling (step 101 in FIG Fig. 2 ). From p 0 , T 0 and the corresponding value for the real gas factor z, the density ⁇ 0 is then determined in step 102 as the initial value.
- ⁇ 0 indicates the actual density of the gas in the vehicle tank 31 before the start of the filling.
- the electronic module 34 transmits the Value of ⁇ 0 and the volume V of the vehicle tank 31 to be filled to the communication module 13 of the dispenser 2.
- the initial value m 0 thus indicates the mass of the gas which is present in the vehicle tank 31 before the start of the filling.
- step 103 now begins the process of filling.
- the evaluation and control unit 12 opens the solenoid valve 6 and the gas can flow from the storage unit 3 through the mass flow meter 8, the pressure-resistant line 10 and the connecting line 36 into the vehicle tank 31.
- the pressure sensor 32 and the temperature sensor 33 continuously or at short intervals measure the respective current pressure p T or the respective current temperature T T in the vehicle tank 31 (step 104). From these two values, in step 105, the current value ⁇ T for the density of the gas in the vehicle tank 31 is determined according to the relationship given above and transmitted to the dispensing device 2.
- the mass m G of the released gas is constantly measured by means of the mass flow meter 8 (step 106). This is done, for example, at a rate of about one hundred pulses (measurements) per kilogram of gas delivered.
- step 108 the control variable ⁇ m is then compared with the density ⁇ T determined in the vehicle tank 31. If the deviation between the control variable ⁇ m and the density ⁇ T determined in the vehicle tank exceeds a specifiable limit value D, the filling is ended (step 110) and / or an error warning is given. Otherwise, it is checked in step 109 whether the density p of the gas in the vehicle tank 31 has reached a predefinable end value ⁇ E. Since it is already ensured on reaching step 109 that ⁇ T and ⁇ m differ by no more than D, it does not matter in principle whether ⁇ T or ⁇ m are used for the comparison with the final value ⁇ E.
- the mean or a weighted average of ⁇ T and ⁇ m may also be used for the comparison with ⁇ E. If the density p has reached the end value ⁇ E , the filling is ended in step 110, otherwise the filling is continued.
- An advantage of the method described is that the maximum permissible density or operating density ⁇ E for a given gas is independent of the outside temperature at which the refueling takes place.
- a further advantage, in particular with regard to the safety, is that the density of the gas in the vehicle tank is determined in two different ways.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Befüllen eines Fahrzeugtanks mit Gas gemäss dem Oberbegriff des unabhängigen Patentanspruchs.The invention relates to a method for filling a vehicle tank with gas according to the preamble of the independent claim.
Ein derartiges Verfahren ist aus dem Dokument
Gasbetriebene Kraftfahrzeuge als Alternative zu konventionellen Kraftfahrzeugen, welche mit flüssigen Brennstoffen wie Benzin oder Dieselkraftstoff betrieben werden, gewinnen zunehmend an Bedeutung. Heutzutage wird als Brennstoff für gasbetriebene Fahrzeuge typischerweise komprimiertes Erdgas verwendet. Modernere Entwicklungen gehen jedoch auch dahin, gasförmigen Wasserstoff als Brennstoff zu verwenden.Gas-powered automobiles as an alternative to conventional motor vehicles powered by liquid fuels such as gasoline or diesel fuel are becoming increasingly important. Nowadays compressed natural gas is typically used as fuel for gas powered vehicles. However, more modern developments are also using gaseous hydrogen as fuel.
Um den gasbetriebenen Fahrzeugen eine befriedigende Reichweite zu ermöglichen und gleichzeitig die Abmessungen des Fahrzeugtanks in vernünftigen Grenzen zu halten, werden die Fahrzeugtanks üblicherweise auf hohe Drücke befüllt. Im Falle von Erdgas wird beispielsweise der Fahrzeugtank auf einen Enddruck von etwa 200 bar bezogen auf eine Referenztemperatur von 15°C befüllt. Im Falle von gasförmigem Wasserstoff werden noch höhere Enddrücke, beispielsweise 600 bar, angestrebt, was in erster Linie an der geringeren Energiedichte von Wasserstoff (verglichen mit Erdgas) liegt.In order to allow the gas-powered vehicles a satisfactory range while keeping the dimensions of the vehicle tank within reasonable limits, the vehicle tanks are usually filled to high pressures. In the case of natural gas, for example, the vehicle tank is filled to a final pressure of about 200 bar based on a reference temperature of 15 ° C. In the case of gaseous hydrogen even higher ultimate pressures, for example, 600 bar, sought, which is primarily due to the lower energy density of hydrogen (compared to natural gas).
Für eine sichere Gasbetankung wird bei der Befüllung unter anderem die Aussentemperatur berücksichtigt. Geht man nämlich davon aus, dass der Enddruck bei einer Referenztemperatur von 15°C für Erdgas ungefähr 200 bar betragen soll, so muss bei einer Aussentemperatur von weniger als 15°C die Betankung bei einem Druck von weniger als 200 bar beendet werden, um zu gewährleisten, dass bei einem Ansteigen der Aussentemperatur in dem Fahrzeugtank kein unzulässig hoher Druck entsteht. Umgekehrt kann bei einer Aussentemperatur von mehr als 15°C bis zu einem Enddruck von mehr als 200 bar betankt werden. Die Fahrzeugtanks sind also derart ausgelegt, dass auch bei Schwankungen der Aussentemperatur kein unzulässig hoher Druck im Tank entsteht, vorausgesetzt der maximale Enddruck bei der Betankung endspricht einem Druck von 200 bar bei der Referenztemperatur von 15°CFor safe gas refueling, the outside temperature is taken into account during filling. If one assumes that the final pressure at a reference temperature of 15 ° C for natural gas should be about 200 bar, then at an outside temperature of less than 15 ° C the refueling be terminated at a pressure of less than 200 bar, to ensure that with an increase in the outside temperature in the vehicle tank no unacceptably high pressure. Conversely, at an outside temperature of more than 15 ° C can be refueled up to a final pressure of more than 200 bar. The vehicle tanks are thus designed so that even with fluctuations in the outside temperature no unacceptably high pressure in the tank arises, provided that the maximum final pressure at the refueling endsprechend a pressure of 200 bar at the reference temperature of 15 ° C.
Aus der
Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik, ist es eine Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein anderes Verfahren zum Befüllen eines Fahrzeugtanks mit einem Gas vorzuschlagen, welches eine noch schnellere und genauere Betankung ermöglicht, ohne dass dafür Zugeständnisse an die Sicherheit vonnöten sind. Das Verfahren soll auch für sehr hohe Enddrücke anwendbar sein, wie sie bei der Betankung mit gasförmigem Wasserstoff angestrebt werden.Based on this prior art, it is an object of the invention to propose another method for filling a vehicle tank with a gas, which allows an even faster and more accurate refueling, without concessions to the safety are needed. The method should also be applicable to very high ultimate pressures, as they are aimed at filling with gaseous hydrogen.
Das diese Aufgabe lösende Verfahren zum Befüllen eines Fahrzeugtanks mit einem Gas ist durch die Merkmale des unabhängigen Anspruchs gekennzeichnet.The problem solving method for filling a vehicle tank with a gas is characterized by the features of the independent claim.
Erfindungsgemäss wird also ein Verfahren zum Befüllen eines Fahrzeugtanks mit einem Gas vorgeschlagen, bei welchem der Fahrzeugtank mit einer druckfesten Leitung an eine Abgabevorrichtung angeschlossen wird und das unter Druck stehende Gas mittels der Abgabevorrichtung aus einer Speichereinheit in den Fahrzeugtank gefüllt wird. Das Verfahren umfasst die folgenden Schritte:
- mit Hilfe einer Sensoreinrichtung, welche in dem Fahrzeugtank angeordnet ist, wird während der Befüllung der momentane Wert einer Kenngrösse bestimmt, welche repräsentativ für den momentanen Füllstand des Fahrzeugtanks ist,
- die Befüllung wird beendet, wenn die Kenngrösse einen vorgebbaren Endwert erreicht hat.
- with the aid of a sensor device, which is arranged in the vehicle tank, the momentary value of a parameter is determined during the filling, which is representative of the current fill level of the vehicle tank,
- the filling is terminated when the parameter has reached a definable final value.
Da die Kenngrösse, welche repräsentativ für den momentanen Füllstand des Tanks ist, mit Hilfe einer Sensoranordnung bestimmt wird, die im Fahrzeugtank selbst angeordnet ist, kann der Befüllungsvorgang ohne Unterbrechung durchgeführt werden. Die Unterbrechungen des Massestroms wie sie in der
Vorzugsweise ist der Endwert der Kenngrösse, bei dessen Erreichen die Befüllung beendet wird, unabhängig von der Temperatur, das heisst es wird eine Kenngrösse gewählt, die den Füllstand des Fahrzeugtanks unabhängig von der Temperatur repräsentiert. Besonders bevorzugt wird als Kenngrösse die Dichte des Gases im Fahrzeugtank bestimmt. Für die Dichte des Gases im Fahrzeugtank kann ein Endwert angegeben werden, nämlich die maximal erlaubte Dichte oder Betriebsdichte, der unabhängig von der jeweils herrschenden Aussentemperatur bei der Befüllung ist. Der temperaturunabhängige Endwert für die Kenngrösse hat den Vorteil, dass es nicht mehr notwendig ist, einen temperaturkorrigierten Wert für den Enddruck der Betankung zu berechnen.Preferably, the end value of the parameter, at which the filling is terminated, independent of the temperature, that is, a characteristic is selected, which represents the level of the vehicle tank, regardless of the temperature. Particularly preferably, the characteristic of the density of the gas in the vehicle tank is determined. For the density of the gas in the vehicle tank, a final value can be specified, namely the maximum permissible density or operating density, which is independent of the prevailing outside temperature during the filling. The temperature-independent end value for the parameter has the advantage that it is no longer necessary to calculate a temperature-corrected value for the final pressure of the refueling.
Eine weitere vorteilhafte Massnahme besteht darin, dass zunächst die Kenngrösse bestimmt wird, bevor der Fahrzeugtank mit Gas befüllt wird, sodass der aktuelle Füllstand des Fahrzeugtanks vor dem Beginn der Befüllung als Anfangswert bekannt ist. Dieser Anfangswert dient dazu, während der Betankung den messtechnisch im Fahrzeugtank ermittelten aktuellen Füllstand mit den in der Abgabevorrichtung bestimmten Daten zu vergleichen. Kommt es bei diesem Vergleich zu Diskrepanzen, so deutet dies auf einen Fehler hin und es können entsprechende Gegenmassnahmen getroffen werden. Wie allgemein üblich, wird in der Abgabevorrichtung die Masse des abgegebenen Gases messtechnisch erfasst. Aus der abgegebenen Gasmasse wird dann unter Berücksichtigung des Anfangswerts eine der Kenngrösse entsprechende Kontrollgrösse bestimmt, die Kontrollgrösse wird jeweils mit der Kenngrösse verglichen, und es erfolgt eine Fehlermeldung oder das Abbrechen der Befüllung, wenn die Abweichung zwischen der Kenngrösse und der Kontrollgrösse einen vorgebbaren Grenzwert überschreitet.A further advantageous measure is that the parameter is first determined before the vehicle tank is filled with gas, so that the current level of the vehicle tank is known as the initial value before the start of the filling. This initial value is used during refueling to compare the current fill level determined in the vehicle tank with the data determined in the dispenser. If there are discrepancies in this comparison, this indicates an error and appropriate countermeasures can be taken. As is generally customary, the mass of the released gas is detected by measurement in the dispensing device. Taking into account the initial value, a control variable corresponding to the parameter is then determined from the emitted gas mass, the control variable is compared with the characteristic variable, and an error message or the cancellation of the filling takes place if the deviation between the parameter and the control variable exceeds a predefinable limit.
Durch diese Massnahme lässt sich die Betriebssicherheit bei der Gasbetankung deutlich erhöhen, denn es erfolgen jeweils zwei unterschiedliche Bestimmungen des aktuellen Füllstands des Fahrzeugtanks. Zum einen wird mit Hilfe der im Fahrzeugtank angeordneten Sensoreinrichtung die für den aktuellen Füllstand repräsentative Kenngrösse ermittelt und zum anderen wird in der Abgabevorrichtung anhand der dort messtechnisch erfassten Masse des abgegebenen Gases die der Kenngrösse entsprechende Kontrollgrösse bestimmt. Durch den jeweiligen Vergleich dieser beiden Grössen lassen sich Fehler bei der Befüllung, beispielsweise Leckagen, frühzeitig und zuverlässig erkennen.By this measure, the reliability of gas refueling can be significantly increased, because there are two different determinations of the current level of the vehicle tank. On the one hand, the characteristic variable representative of the current filling level is determined with the aid of the sensor device arranged in the vehicle tank, and on the other hand, the control variable corresponding to the characteristic variable is determined in the dispensing device on the basis of the mass of the discharged gas measured there. Due to the respective comparison of these two variables, errors in the filling, for example leaks, can be detected early and reliably.
Gemäss einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform umfasst die im Fahrzeugtank angeordnete Sensoreinrichtung einen Temperatursensor und einen Drucksensor, mit welchen die Temperatur und der Druck des Gases im Tank gemessen wird. Daraus wird dann jeweils die Dichte des Gases als Kenngrösse bestimmt.According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the sensor device arranged in the vehicle tank comprises a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor with which the temperature and the pressure of the gas in the tank are measured. From this, the density of the gas is then determined as the parameter.
Das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren eignet sich für eine Vielzahl von Gasbetankungsanlagen und insbesondere für solche, mit denen komprimiertes Erdgas oder gasförmiger Wasserstoff in einen Tank gefüllt wird.The inventive method is suitable for a variety of gas filling plants and in particular for those with which compressed natural gas or gaseous hydrogen is filled in a tank.
Weitere vorteilhafte Massnahmen und bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den abhängigen Ansprüchen.Further advantageous measures and preferred embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.
Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels und anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. In der schematischen, nicht massstäblichen Zeichnung zeigen:
- Fig. 1:
- die wesentlichen Teile einer Gasbetankungsanlage zur Durchführung eines Ausführungsbeispiels des erfindungsgemässen Verfahren sowie einen zu befüllenden Fahrzeugtank in schematischer Darstellung, und
- Fig. 2:
- ein Flussdiagramm zur Veranschaulichung des Ausführungsbeispiels des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens.
- Fig. 1:
- the essential parts of a gas refueling system for carrying out an embodiment of the inventive method and a vehicle tank to be filled in a schematic representation, and
- Fig. 2:
- a flowchart illustrating the embodiment of the inventive method.
Der Fahrzeugtank 31 ist über eine druckfeste Verbindungsleitung 36 mit einem von aussen zugänglichen Einfüllstutzen 37 verbunden, der hier an der Aussenseite des Kraftfahrzeugs 30 angeordnet ist.The
Im Fahrzeugtank 31 ist eine Sensoreinrichtung vorgesehen, welche bei dem hier beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiel einen Drucksensor 32 und einen Temperatursensor 33 umfasst, mit denen der aktuelle Druck und die aktuelle Temperatur im Fahrzeugtank 31 messtechnisch erfassbar sind. Die Sensoren 32,33 sind über Leitungen 35 mit einem ausserhalb des Fahrzeugtanks 31, aber im Kraftfahrzeug 30 vorgesehenen Elektronikmodul 34 verbunden. Das Elektronikmodul 34 empfängt die von den Sensoren 32,33 erfassten Messwerte und verarbeitet diese. Ferner dient das Elektronikmodul 34 der Übermittlung von Daten an die Gasbetankungsanlage 1.In the
In einem Speicher 38 ist das Volumen des Fahrzeugtanks 31 abgespeichert, welches eine konstante Grösse ist. Das Volumen kann über eine Signalleitung an das Elektronikmodul 34 übermittelt werden. Natürlich ist es auch möglich, das Volumen des Fahrzeugtanks 31 direkt in dem Elektronikmodul 34 abzuspeichern.In a
Die nur mit ihren wesentlichen Teilen dargestellte Gasbetankungsanlage 1 umfasst eine Abgabevorrichtung 2 und eine stationäre Speichereinheit 3, in der das Gas für die Betankung, also beispielsweise Erdgas oder gasförmiger Wasserstoff, gespeichert ist. Ferner ist eine nicht näher dargestellte Kompressionseinrichtung vorgesehen, welche die Speichereinheit 3 bei Bedarf wieder mit Gas auffüllt. Üblicherweise umfasst die Speichereinheit mehrere Speichertanks, hier drei Speichertanks, von denen jeder über eine separate druckfeste Verbindungsleitung 4a, 4b bzw. 4c mit der Abgabevorrichtung 2 verbunden ist.The gas refueling system 1 shown only with its essential parts comprises a dispenser 2 and a
Die Abgabevorrichtung 2 umfasst eine Umschalteinrichtung 5, an welche die drei Verbindungsleitungen 4a,4b und 4c angeschlossen sind. Von der Umschalteinrichtung 5 erstreckt sich eine druckfeste Leitung 7 über ein Ventil, das vorzugsweise als Magnetventil 6 ausgestaltet ist, und über einen dem Magnetventil 6 nachgeschalteten Massendurchflussmesser 8 zum Ausgang 9 der Abgabevorrichtung 2. An den Ausgang 9 ist eine druckfeste Leitung 10 angeschlossen, die an ihrem anderen Ende mit einer Kupplung 11 versehen ist, welche mit dem Einfüllstutzen 37 des Kraftfahrzeugs 30 verbindbar ist.The dispensing device 2 comprises a
Die Abgabevorrichtung umfasst ferner ein Kommunikationsmodul 13, eine Auswerte- und Regeleinheit 12 sowie ein Bedienmodul 14. Über das Bedienmodul 14 kann die Gasbetankungsanlage durch entsprechende Eingaben in Betrieb gesetzt bzw. bedient werden. Das Bedienmodul 14 umfasst ferner eine Anzeigeeinheit, auf welcher z. B. die Masse des getankten Gases oder der Preis für das Gas angezeigt werden.The dispensing device further comprises a
Das Kommunikationsmodul 13 empfängt Daten von dem Elektronikmodul 34 des Kraftfahrzeugs 30 und leitet diese über eine Signalleitung an die Auswerte- und Regeleinheit 12 weiter. Die Auswerte- und Regeleinheit 12 ist ferner über Signalleitungen mit dem Massendurchflussmesser 8 verbunden sowie mit dem Magnetventil 6.The
Das Magnetventil 6 ist ein elektromagnetisch betätigtes Ventil, welches durch Signale, die von der Auswerte- und Regeleinheit 12 kommen, angesteuert wird. Mittels des Magnetventils 6 kann die Strömungsverbindung für das Gas zwischen der Umschalteinrichtung 5 und dem Ausgang 9 geöffnet bzw. geschlossen werden, sodass durch Betätigung des Magnetventils 6 der Befüllungsvorgang begonnen bzw. beendet werden kann.The solenoid valve 6 is an electromagnetically actuated valve, which is controlled by signals coming from the evaluation and control unit 12. By means of the solenoid valve 6, the flow connection for the gas between the switching
Der Massendurchflussmesser 8 ist vorzugsweise ein Messgerät, das auf dem Coriolis-Prinzip basiert. Solche Coriolis-Massendurchflussmesser an sich sind hinreichend bekannt. Mit ihnen wird die Masse des Gases gemessen, welches bei der Betankung abgegeben wird.The mass flow meter 8 is preferably a measuring device based on the Coriolis principle. Such Coriolis mass flow meters per se are well known. With them, the mass of the gas is measured, which is discharged during refueling.
Die Umschalteinrichtung 5 dient dazu, jeweils eine der Verbindungsleitungen 4a oder 4b oder 4c mit der Leitung 7 zu verbinden. Ist beispielsweise die Verbindungsleitung 4a mit der Leitung 7 verbunden und sinkt während der Betankung der Druck in dem zur Verbindungsleitung 4a gehörenden Speichertank der Speichereinheit 3 so weit ab, dass der Massestrom des Gases zu gering wird, so kann mit der Umschalteinrichtung 5 auf einen anderen Speichertank umgeschaltet werden, indem die Leitung 7 mit der Verbindungsleitung 4b oder 4c verbunden wird.The
Bezüglich weiterer Details und Ausführungsformen sei hier auf die bereits zitierte
Das Kommunikationsmodul 13 empfängt Daten, beispielsweise Messwerte oder das Volumen des Fahrzeugtanks 31 von dem Elektronikmodul 34 des Kraftfahrzeugs 30. Dazu ist das Kommunikationsmodul 13 mit dem Elektronikmodul 34 signalverbunden. Dies kann beispielsweise über eine Signalleitung 23 erfolgen. Es ist auch möglich, die Signalleitung 23 in die druckfeste Leitung 10 zu integrieren, beispielsweise die Signalleitung 23 an der Aussenseite der Leitung 10 anzuordnen. Ferner ist es möglich, die Signalverbindung zwischen dem Elektronikmodul 34 und dem Kommunikationsmodul 13 kabellos auszugestalten, beispielsweise mittels Funk oder optischer Methoden wie Infrarotsignale.The
Das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren basiert darauf, mit Hilfe der Sensoreinrichtung, welche in dem Fahrzeugtank 31 angeordnet ist, während der Befüllung den momentanen Wert einer Kenngrösse zu bestimmen, welche repräsentativ für den momentanen Füllstand des Fahrzeugtanks 31 ist, das heisst, der aktuelle Füllstand des Fahrzeugtanks 31 wird durch Messungen im Fahrzeugtank 31 selbst ermittelt.The inventive method is based on using the sensor device which is arranged in the
Im Folgenden wird nun ein Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens unter Bezugnahme auf das in
Bei der Befüllung wird ständig die momentan im Fahrzeugtank herrschende Dichte des Gases ermittelt. Im Hinblick auf die Betriebssicherheit ist es besonders vorteilhaft, diese Dichte jeweils auf zwei unterschiedliche Weisen zu bestimmen, nämlich einerseits mit Hilfe der Messwerte der im Fahrzeugtank 31 angeordneten Sensoren 32,33 und andererseits mit Hilfe der von der Abgabevorrichtung 2 abgegebenen Gasmasse, welche mittels des Massendurchflussmessers 8 in der Abgabevorrichtung 2 gemessen wird. Weichen diese beiden Werte für die Dichte stärker als ein vorgebbarer Grenzwert voneinander ab, so deutet dies auf einen Fehler hin. Beispielsweise kann eine Leckage aufgetreten sein oder einer der Sensoren 32,33 arbeitet nicht ordnungsgemäss. Mittels dieser jeweils zweifachen Bestimmung der Dichte können somit auch gefährliche Zustände, wie beispielsweise eine Überfüllung des Fahrzeugtanks 31 vermieden werden.When filling the currently prevailing in the vehicle tank density of the gas is constantly determined. With regard to operational safety, it is particularly advantageous to determine this density in two different ways, namely, on the one hand with the aid of the measured values of the
Für die Dichte ρT des Gases im Fahrzeugtank 31 gilt:
Andererseits ergibt sich aus der Gasgleichung
Für die Betankung des Kraftfahrzeugs 30 wird die druckfeste Leitung 10 der Abgabevorrichtung 2 mittels der Kupplung 11 an den Einfüllstutzen 37 des Kraftfahrzeugs 30 angeschlossen. Ferner wird gegebenenfalls die Signalleitung 23 einerseits mit dem Elektronikmodul 34 und andererseits mit dem Kommunikationsmodul 13 verbunden. Bevor der Fahrzeugtank 31 mit Gas befüllt wird, erfolgt zunächst mittels des Drucksensors 32 bzw. des Temperatursensors 33 eine Messung des Anfangsdrucks p0 bzw. der Anfangstemperatur T0, die vor dem Beginn der Befüllung im Fahrzeugtank 31 herrschen (Schritt 101 in
In der Abgabevorrichtung 2, vorzugsweise in der Auswerte- und Regeleinheit 12, wird aus dem Volumen V des Fahrzeugtanks 31 und dem Anfangswert ρ0 die Anfangsmasse m0 des Gases im Fahrzeugtank 31 gemäss der Beziehung
Im Schritt 103 (
Während des Befüllungsvorgangs wird in der Abgabevorrichtung 2 ständig mittels des Massendurchflussmessers 8 die Masse mG des abgegebenen Gases messtechnisch erfasst (Schritt 106). Dies erfolgt beispielsweise mit einer Rate von etwa hundert Pulsen (Messungen) pro Kilogramm abgegebenen Gases. Die Auswerte- und Regeleinheit 12 der Abgabevorrichtung 2 ermittelt im Schritt 107 mit Hilfe des Volumens V des Fahrzeugtanks 31, der Anfangsmasse m0 des Gases im Fahrzeugtank und dem jeweils aktuellen Wert der Masse mG des abgegebenen Gases einen Vergleichswert ρm als Kontrollgrösse für die Dichte des Gases im Fahrzeugtank gemäss der Beziehung
Im Schritt 108 wird dann die Kontrollgrösse ρm mit der im Fahrzeugtank 31 bestimmten Dichte ρT verglichen. Falls die Abweichung zwischen der Kontrollgrösse ρm und der im Fahrzeugtank bestimmten Dichte ρT einen vorgebbaren Grenzwert D überschreitet, wird die Befüllung beendet (Schritt 110) und/oder eine Fehlerwarnung gegeben. Anderenfalls wird im Schritt 109 überprüft, ob die Dichte p des Gases im Fahrzeugtank 31 einen vorgebbaren Endwert ρE erreicht hat. Da bei Erreichen des Schritts 109 bereits sichergestellt ist, dass sich ρT und ρm höchstens um D unterscheiden, ist es prinzipiell egal, ob ρT oder ρm für den Vergleich mit dem Endwert ρE herangezogen werden. Natürlich kann auch der Mittelwert oder ein gewichteter Mittelwert von ρT und ρm für den Vergleich mit ρE verwendet werden. Hat die Dichte p den Endwert ρE erreicht, so wird die Befüllung im Schritt 110 beendet, anderenfalls wird die Befüllung fortgesetzt.In
Ein Vorteil des beschriebenen Verfahrens liegt darin, dass die maximal zulässige Dichte oder Betriebsdichte ρE für ein gegebenes Gas unabhängig von der Aussentemperatur ist, bei welcher die Betankung stattfindet.An advantage of the method described is that the maximum permissible density or operating density ρ E for a given gas is independent of the outside temperature at which the refueling takes place.
Ein weiterer Vorteil ist es, insbesondere im Hinblick auf die Sicherheit, dass die Dichte des Gases im Fahrzeugtank auf zwei unterschiedliche Arten ermittelt wird.A further advantage, in particular with regard to the safety, is that the density of the gas in the vehicle tank is determined in two different ways.
Prinzipiell ist es möglich, dass z. B. einer der beiden Sensoren 32,33, die im Fahrzeugtank angeordnet sind, bereits beim Beginn der Betankung fehlerbehaftet ist. Dies führt dann unter anderem auch dazu, dass die Anfangsmasse m0 des Gases verkehrt berechnet wird und folglich auch die in der Abgabevorrichtung ermittelte Kontrollgrösse ρm fehlerhaft ist. Da aber die mittels der Sensoren 32,33 erfassten Anfangswerte p0 für den Druck und T0 für die Temperatur im Fahrzeugtank 31 nur über als Anfangsbedingung in die jeweilige Bestimmung der Kontrollgrösse ρm eingehen, werden die Werte für die im Tank ermittelte Dichte ρT einerseits und die Werte für die Kontrollgrösse ρm mit fortschreitender Befüllung immer mehr divergieren, sodass auch solche Fehler erkannt werden, bevor es zu einer gefährlichen Überfüllung des Fahrzeugtanks 31 kommt.In principle, it is possible that z. B. one of the two
Es versteht sich, dass die jeweilige Berechnung der Dichte ρT nicht im Kraftfahrzeug durchgeführt werden muss. Es ist auch möglich, dass das Elektronikmodul 34 die Messwerte bzw. Daten des Temperatursensors 33 und des Drucksensors 32, also z. B. p0, T0, pT, TT, an die Abgabevorrichtung 2 übermittelt und dort dann jeweils die Bestimmung von ρ0 und ρT erfolgt.It is understood that the respective calculation of the density ρ T does not have to be carried out in the motor vehicle. It is also possible that the
Claims (9)
- A method for filling a vehicle fuel tank with a gas wherein the vehicle fuel tank (31) is connected to a delivery device (2) by a pressure-tight line (10) and the gas stored under pressure is filled into the vehicle fuel tank (31) from a storage unit (3) by means of the delivery device (2), having the following steps:- the instantaneous value of a parameter (ρT), which is representative of the instantaneous state of filling of the vehicle fuel tank (31), is determined during filling with the aid of a sensor device (32, 33) arranged in the vehicle fuel tank (31);- the filling is ended when the parameter (ρT) has reached a pre-settable end value (ρE), characterised in that the mass (mG) of the gas supplied is detected by measurement in the delivery device (2), a control value (ρm) corresponding to the parameter (ρT) is determined therefrom, the control value (ρm) is compared in each case with the parameter (ρT), and an error message is output or filling aborted when then deviation between the parameter (ρT) and the control value (ρm) exceeds a pre-settable limit value (D).
- A method in accordance with claim 1 wherein the end value (ρE) of the parameter is independent of the temperature.
- A method in accordance with claim 1 or claim 2 wherein the parameter is determined first, before the vehicle fuel tank (31) is filled with gas, so that the instantaneous state of filling of the vehicle fuel tank is known as a starting value (ρ0) before filling begins.
- A method in accordance with any one of the preceding claims wherein the density (ρT) of the gas in the vehicle fuel tank (31) is determined as the parameter.
- A method in accordance with any one of the preceding claims wherein the sensor apparatus arranged in the vehicle fuel tank comprises a temperature sensor (33) and a pressure sensor (32) with which the temperature and the pressure of the gas in the fuel tank is measured and the density (ρT) of the gas is determined therefrom as the characteristic parameter.
- A method in accordance with claim 4 or claim 5 wherein:- the density (po) is first determined, before the vehicle fuel tank (31) is filled with gas, so that the instantaneous density of the gas in the vehicle fuel tank is known as a starting value before filling begins;- the volume (V) of the vehicle fuel tank (31) to be filled is transmitted to the delivery device (2);- the starting mass (m0) of the gas in the vehicle tank prior to the start of filling is determined from the volume (V) and the starting density (po).
- A method in accordance with claim 6 wherein a comparison value for the density of the gas in the vehicle fuel tank is determined as a control parameter (ρm) in the delivery device (2) with the aid of the volume (V) of the vehicle fuel tank (31), with the aid of the starting mass (m0) of the gas in the vehicle fuel tank and with the aid of the mass (mG) determined by measurement of the gas supplied, and is compared in each case with the density (ρT) determined in the vehicle fuel tank (31).
- A method in accordance with claim 7 wherein filling is ended when the density reaches a pre-settable end value (ρE) or when the deviation between the control value (ρm) and the density (ρT) determined in the vehicle fuel tank exceeds a pre-settable limit value (D).
- A gas refuelling plant operated in accordance with a method in accordance with one of the preceding claims.
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US5479966A (en) * | 1993-07-26 | 1996-01-02 | Consolidated Natural Gas Service Company, Inc. | Quick fill fuel charge process |
ATE159803T1 (en) * | 1993-11-08 | 1997-11-15 | Burckhardt Ag Maschf | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR QUICKLY FILLING A PRESSURE VESSEL WITH A GASEOUS MEDIUM |
US5628349A (en) * | 1995-01-25 | 1997-05-13 | Pinnacle Cng Systems, Llc | System and method for dispensing pressurized gas |
US5810058A (en) * | 1996-03-20 | 1998-09-22 | Gas Research Institute | Automated process and system for dispensing compressed natural gas |
US5868176A (en) * | 1997-05-27 | 1999-02-09 | Gas Research Institute | System for controlling the fill of compressed natural gas cylinders |
-
2001
- 2001-10-09 EP EP20010810985 patent/EP1205704B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102012203218A1 (en) * | 2012-03-01 | 2013-09-05 | Thyssenkrupp Marine Systems Gmbh | Process for filling a metal hydride reservoir with hydrogen |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1205704A1 (en) | 2002-05-15 |
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