EP1195516B1 - Soupape d'injection de combustible - Google Patents

Soupape d'injection de combustible Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1195516B1
EP1195516B1 EP20010123836 EP01123836A EP1195516B1 EP 1195516 B1 EP1195516 B1 EP 1195516B1 EP 20010123836 EP20010123836 EP 20010123836 EP 01123836 A EP01123836 A EP 01123836A EP 1195516 B1 EP1195516 B1 EP 1195516B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
fuel
fuel injection
injection valve
rows
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP20010123836
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1195516A2 (fr
EP1195516A3 (fr
Inventor
Guenter Dantes
Detlef Nowak
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1195516A2 publication Critical patent/EP1195516A2/fr
Publication of EP1195516A3 publication Critical patent/EP1195516A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1195516B1 publication Critical patent/EP1195516B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/188—Spherical or partly spherical shaped valve member ends
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M45/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship
    • F02M45/12—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship providing a continuous cyclic delivery with variable pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0664—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
    • F02M51/0671—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/162—Means to impart a whirling motion to fuel upstream or near discharging orifices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injection valve according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • a fuel injection valve which has a plurality of fuel channels in a flow path of the fuel from a fuel inlet to a spray orifice whose cross section determines the amount of fuel sprayed off per unit of time at a given fuel pressure.
  • a part of the fuel channels is aligned so that the fuel jets emerging from them are sprayed directly through the injection orifice.
  • a disadvantage of the fuel injection valve known from the above document is in particular that the fuel channels start in a plane perpendicular to the flow direction of the fuel, the openings are thus arranged on a circular line around a valve needle guide connected to the valve seat carrier. As a result, the quantity of fuel flowing through the fuel injection valve can not be metered precisely enough when the valve closing body is lifted off the sealing seat. In particular the ratio of maximum sprayed amount of fuel to minimally saucespritzter amount of fuel relatively small.
  • the number of wells is not sufficient to produce a sufficiently homogeneous fuel cloud that meets the stoichiometric requirements for complete combustion. This is additionally reinforced by the large diameter of the fuel channels.
  • US-A-5823161 discloses a fuel injector for an internal combustion engine which includes a high pressure fuel pump that pumps fuel from a low pressure chamber via a supply line to a high pressure plenum communicating via high pressure lines to the individual injectors incorporated into the high pressure fuel pump Protrude combustion chamber.
  • these injection valves are designed as injection valves with an outwardly opening valve element, via the controllable opening movement in the direction of the combustion chamber, a variable injection cross section can be set to the injection valve.
  • a valve needle guide two rows of injection openings are provided axially one above the other. The rows of injection openings are arranged such that the first lower row near the combustion chamber is opened first while the second upper row opens only after another valve needle lift.
  • EP-A-0789142 discloses a mechanism for a variable number of injection ports of a fuel injector having a plurality of injection ports whose diameter is smaller than that of the conventional injection ports in a cylindrical portion formed at a lower end part of the injection nozzle. On the other hand, these injection ports are again formed such that their total opening area becomes larger than that of the conventional injection ports. Since the injection openings are configured to be all closed on an outer circumferential surface of the needle valve when the valve needle is engaged with the seat, little or no dripping occurs.
  • the fuel injection valve according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that any characteristic can be generated by the arrangement of the fuel channels or their number, so that the Zumeß the fuel injection valve is improved in relation to the opening and closing times.
  • the hollow cylindrical shape of the valve needle guide is easy to prepare and can either be made in one piece with the valve seat carrier or attached thereto.
  • valve closing body in the valve needle guide has in addition to the improvement and control of Zumeßeigenschaften a stabilizing effect on the stroke of the valve needle, since lateral offsets are excluded.
  • the valve closing body can be placed very precisely on the sealing seat after the closing process.
  • the gaps in the rows of fuel channels provide for a freely selectable injection dynamics and a shapable jet pattern, which can be influenced by the targeted introduction of fuel channels at individual points of the valve needle guide.
  • the fuel By arranging the fuel channels with a tangential component relative to the center axis of the fuel injection valve, the fuel receives a twist, which ensures a good treatment of the mixture cloud.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 is embodied in the form of a fuel injection valve for fuel injection systems of mixture-compression spark-ignition internal combustion engines.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 is suitable in particular for the direct injection of fuel into a combustion chamber, not shown, of an internal combustion engine.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 consists of a nozzle body 2, in which a valve needle 3 is arranged.
  • the valve needle 3 is operatively connected to a valve closing body 4, which cooperates with a valve seat body 6 arranged on a valve seat body 5 to form a sealing seat.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 in the exemplary embodiment is an inwardly opening fuel injection valve 1 which has an injection opening 7.
  • the nozzle body 2 is sealed by a seal 8 against the outer pole 9 of a magnetic coil 10.
  • the magnetic coil 10 is encapsulated in a coil housing 11 and wound on a bobbin 12, which rests against an inner pole 13 of the magnetic coil 10.
  • the inner pole 13 and the outer pole 9 are through a gap 26th separated from each other and are based on a connecting member 29.
  • the magnetic coil 10 is energized via a line 19 from a via an electrical plug contact 17 can be supplied with electric current.
  • the plug contact 17 is surrounded by a plastic casing 18, which may be molded on the inner pole 13.
  • valve needle 3 is guided in a valve needle guide 14, which is designed disk-shaped.
  • armature 20 On the other side of the dial 15 is an armature 20. This is frictionally connected via a first flange 21 with the valve needle 3 in connection, which is connected by a weld 22 with the first flange 21.
  • a return spring 23 On the first flange 21, a return spring 23 is supported, which is brought in the present design of the fuel injection valve 1 by a sleeve 24 to bias.
  • the armature 20 and the valve seat body 5 are fuel passages 30a to 30c, which conduct the fuel, which is supplied via a central fuel supply 16 and filtered by a filter element 25, to the ejection opening 7.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 is sealed by a seal 28 against a fuel line, not shown.
  • the armature 20 In the idle state of the fuel injection valve 1, the armature 20 is acted upon by the return spring 23 counter to its stroke direction so that the valve closing body 4 is held on the valve seat 6 in sealing engagement. Upon excitation of the solenoid coil 10, this builds up a magnetic field, which moves the armature 20 against the spring force of the return spring 23 in the stroke direction, the stroke being predetermined by a working gap 27 located in the rest position between the inner pole 12 and the armature 20.
  • the armature 20 takes the flange 21, which is welded to the valve needle 3, also in the stroke direction with.
  • the valve closing body 4, which is in operative connection with the valve needle 3, lifts off from the valve seat surface 6 and the fuel guided via the fuel channels 30a to 30c to the injection opening 7 is hosed down.
  • the armature 20 drops after sufficient degradation of the magnetic field by the pressure of the return spring 23 from the inner pole 13, whereby the standing with the valve needle 3 in operative connection flange 21 moves against the stroke direction.
  • the valve needle 3 is thereby moved in the same direction, whereby the valve closing body 4 touches on the valve seat surface 6 and the fuel injection valve 1 is closed.
  • FIG. 2 shows an excerpted sectional view of the detail of the fuel injection valve 1, indicated by II in FIG. 1.
  • valve needle guide 31 which is formed on an inlet-side end face 32 of the valve seat body 5.
  • the valve needle guide 31 may be integrally formed with the valve seat body 5 or be connected to the valve seat body 5, for example, by welding, soldering or similar methods.
  • the valve needle guide 31 is formed as a hollow cylinder.
  • the valve needle 3 has a spherical valve closing body 4.
  • the valve closing body 4 forms with the formed on the valve seat body 5 valve seat surface 6 a Sealing seat.
  • the valve closing body 4 is guided by the valve needle guide 31, wherein the valve closing body 4 rests with a guide line 33 on an inner wall 38 of the valve needle guide 31.
  • a plurality of rows 34 of fuel channels 35 are arranged in the valve needle guide 31, which extend from a radially outer side 36 of the valve needle guide 31 to a radially inner side 39.
  • the fuel channels 35 may either be perpendicular to a central axis 37 of the fuel injection valve 1 or inclined at an angle ⁇ relative to the central axis 37 perpendicular orientation in the outflow direction. The latter is hydrodynamically cheaper.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic section along the line III - III in FIG. 2 through the valve needle guide 31 in the region of the fuel channels 35.
  • the fuel channels 35 of the adjacent rows 34 are arranged circumferentially staggered with respect to one another in order to produce the most homogeneous possible mixture cloud.
  • the fuel channels 35 may also be arranged without circumferential offset.
  • the fuel channels 35 should have a very small diameter, for example less than 100 ⁇ m, in particular less than or equal to 70 ⁇ m.
  • the production of such small-caliber holes can be done for example by means of laser processing.
  • the fuel channels 35 for generating a twist have a tangential component relative to the central axis 37 of the fuel injection valve 1, the cross section of the fuel channels 35 in Fig. 3 appears oval.
  • the orientation of the tangential components of the fuel channels 35 can be in the same direction relative to the remaining rows 34 in each row 34.
  • the present embodiment of a non-inventive fuel injection valve 1 thus combines the spin conditioning with a refinement of the metered amount of fuel.
  • FIGS. 5 to 7 show, in the same sectional plane as FIG. 3, exemplary embodiments of the fuel injection valve 1 according to the invention with different arrangements of the fuel channels 35 in each case in conjunction with the characteristic curve generated by the corresponding arrangement of fuel channels 35.
  • the characteristics represent the relationship between the dynamic flow rate through the fuel injector 1 during the opening operation in response to Ventilnadelhub.
  • the flow increases with the stroke of the valve needle 3 is relatively uniform, and then go into a constant saturation value, which represents the static flow through the fuel injection valve 1 in the open state.
  • the embodiment shown in Fig. 4A has a similar arrangement of the fuel channels 35 as that shown in Fig. 3, but the fuel channels 35 are not circumferentially offset from each other, but arranged in a grid-like structure directly below each other.
  • the characteristic curves of the exemplary embodiments illustrated in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4A correspond to the characteristic curve shown schematically in FIG. 4B.
  • the characteristic changes as shown in Fig. 5A
  • the characteristic is deformed in an S-shape as shown in Fig. 5B.
  • a smaller quantity of fuel initially flows through the fuel injection valve 1 until the valve closing body 4 also releases the complete rows 34 and, after a steeper increase than in FIG. 4B, the saturation value is reached.
  • Fig. 6A dispenses with further fuel channels 35, so that the gaps 40 are circumferentially longer, and also the number of rows 34 is reduced. Due to the now very isolated fuel channels 35 flows at the beginning of the opening process only a very small amount of fuel, which then increases when releasing the remaining rows 34 very quickly to the saturation value and almost reaches a stepped course, as shown in Fig. 6B.
  • FIG. 7A leads to a rapid increase in the fuel flow, since the closer to the sealing seat rows 34 of fuel channels 35 are still fully occupied, while the remaining rows 34 only isolated fuel channels 35 or 40 large gaps or have Fuel channels 35 are completely missing.
  • the associated characteristic curve is shown in FIG. 7B.
  • the characteristics shown in Figs. 6B and 7B have the advantage that the desired amount of fuel can be metered in a short period of time and the flow is rapidly saturated, whereby the opening and closing times of the fuel injection valve 1 can be favorably influenced.
  • the invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment and z. B. also applicable to fuel injectors 1 with piezoelectric and magnetostrictive actuators or any arrangements of fuel channels 35.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Injecteur de carburant (1), en particulier pour l'injection directe de carburant dans une chambre de combustion d'un moteur à combustion interne, comprenant un actionneur (10) pour commander une aiguille de soupape (3), l'aiguille de soupape (3) présente, à une extrémité côté injection un obturateur de soupape (4) qui forme un siège étanche en coopération avec une portée de siège de soupape (6) formée sur un corps de siège de soupape (5), et des canaux de carburant (35) disposés dans un guide de aiguille de soupape (31) assemblé à ou formé d'une pièce avec le corps de siège de soupape (5), les canaux de carburant (35) étant disposés en plusieurs rangées (34) dans la périphérie du guide de aiguille de soupape (31) et leur position relative étant choisie de manière à établir ainsi une courbe caractéristique qui représente un flux dynamique de carburant (qdyn) à travers l'injecteur de carburant (1) en fonction d'une course (h) de l'aiguille de soupape,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    au moins une des rangées est entièrement occupée par des canaux de carburant (35) et au moins une des rangées (34) présente des absences de canaux (40) entre les canaux de carburant (35).
  2. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le guide d'aiguille de soupape (31) est formé sur une face frontale côté arrivée (32) du corps de siège de soupape (5).
  3. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le guide d'aiguille de soupape (31) s'étend en un cylindre creux à partir de la face frontale (32) du corps de siège de soupape (5).
  4. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 3,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'obturateur de soupape (4) est configuré pour s'appliquer sur une paroi intérieure (38) du guide d'aiguille de soupape (31) dans la zone d'une ligne de guidage (33).
  5. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les canaux de carburant (35) présentent une composante tangentielle par rapport à un axe central (37) de l'injecteur de carburant (1).
  6. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 5,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les composantes tangentielles des rangées (34) sont orientées dans le même sens.
  7. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les rangées (34) qui présentent des absences (40) sont disposées plus près du siège étanche que les rangées qui n'en présentent pas.
  8. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les rangées (34) qui présentent des absences (40) sont plus éloignées du siège étanche que les rangées qui n'en présentent pas.
  9. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les absences (40) sont décalées l'une par rapport à l'autre sur la périphérie.
  10. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les absences de différentes rangées (34) sont différentes en nombre et/ou en dimension circonférentielle.
EP20010123836 2000-10-06 2001-10-05 Soupape d'injection de combustible Expired - Lifetime EP1195516B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10049519 2000-10-06
DE2000149519 DE10049519B4 (de) 2000-10-06 2000-10-06 Brennstoffeinspritzventil

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1195516A2 EP1195516A2 (fr) 2002-04-10
EP1195516A3 EP1195516A3 (fr) 2004-01-02
EP1195516B1 true EP1195516B1 (fr) 2006-06-07

Family

ID=7658891

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20010123836 Expired - Lifetime EP1195516B1 (fr) 2000-10-06 2001-10-05 Soupape d'injection de combustible

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1195516B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2002155834A (fr)
DE (2) DE10049519B4 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2650266B2 (ja) * 1987-08-12 1997-09-03 キヤノン株式会社 スチル・ビデオ再生装置
JP4529617B2 (ja) * 2004-09-24 2010-08-25 アイシン・エィ・ダブリュ株式会社 バルブ装置
DE102004060531B4 (de) * 2004-12-16 2020-04-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Justieren von hydraulischen Ventilen
DE102013204152A1 (de) 2013-03-11 2014-09-11 Robert Bosch Gmbh Ventil zum Steuern eines Fluids mit erhöhter Dichtheit

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19504849A1 (de) * 1995-02-15 1996-08-22 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung für Brennkraftmaschinen
DE69626097T2 (de) * 1995-08-29 2003-10-30 Hirohisa, Tanaka Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung der speichergattung
DE19625059A1 (de) * 1996-06-22 1998-01-02 Bosch Gmbh Robert Einspritzventil, insbesondere zum direkten Einspritzen von Kraftstoff in einen Brennraum eines Verbrennungsmotors
US6125818A (en) * 1997-03-19 2000-10-03 Hiatchi, Ltd. Fuel injector and internal combustion engine having the same
JPH10281039A (ja) * 1997-04-02 1998-10-20 Hitachi Ltd 燃料噴射装置とその制御方法
US6572028B1 (en) * 2000-01-19 2003-06-03 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Combined needle guide, filter, and flow director for gasoline fuel injectors
DE10049518B4 (de) * 2000-10-06 2005-11-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brennstoffeinspritzventil

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2002155834A (ja) 2002-05-31
DE50110018D1 (de) 2006-07-20
DE10049519A1 (de) 2002-04-18
EP1195516A2 (fr) 2002-04-10
DE10049519B4 (de) 2006-01-12
EP1195516A3 (fr) 2004-01-02

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