EP1193791A1 - Mobilfunksystem und Antennenanordnung mit vorgegebenen Richtcharakteristiken - Google Patents

Mobilfunksystem und Antennenanordnung mit vorgegebenen Richtcharakteristiken Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1193791A1
EP1193791A1 EP00308197A EP00308197A EP1193791A1 EP 1193791 A1 EP1193791 A1 EP 1193791A1 EP 00308197 A EP00308197 A EP 00308197A EP 00308197 A EP00308197 A EP 00308197A EP 1193791 A1 EP1193791 A1 EP 1193791A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
transmitting
mobile radio
radio system
beamformer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00308197A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
George Dr. Fischer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nokia of America Corp
Original Assignee
Lucent Technologies Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lucent Technologies Inc filed Critical Lucent Technologies Inc
Priority to EP00308197A priority Critical patent/EP1193791A1/de
Publication of EP1193791A1 publication Critical patent/EP1193791A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q25/00—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
    • H01Q25/002—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns providing at least two patterns of different beamwidth; Variable beamwidth antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q25/00—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a mobile radio system having at least one base station, which has a plurality of first transmitting/receiving devices, according to the precharacterizing clause of Claim 1, and to an antenna assembly, associated with the base station, according to the precharacterizing clause of Claim 11.
  • the traffic capacity in a mobile radio network is rather small owing to the relatively few available frequency bands.
  • GSM Global System for Mobile communications
  • only 125 frequency channels, each having eight timeslots are provided in a bandwidth of 25MHz, so that a maximum of 992 subscriber channels can be provided.
  • One possibility for increasing the traffic capacity is to use the available frequency channels more than once on a geographic basis.
  • the demand for "spatial frequency reuse" has, in the end, led to the development of cellular mobile radio networks.
  • One important characteristic of cellular mobile radio networks is the signal-to-interference ratio - also referred to as the carrier-to-interference ratio (C/I), which defines the frequency repetition interval for a permanently predetermined cell size.
  • C/I carrier-to-interference ratio
  • the intensity of the interference is in this case governed essentially by co-channel interference as a function of the frequency repetition interval.
  • Base station antennas having a directional characteristic may be used in order to reduce the intensity of the interference, and thus the frequency repetition interval. In this way, one cell can be subdivided into sectors, for example 120° sectors, with different channel groups, by which means the traffic capacity can be increased.
  • a base station antenna Apart from an increased traffic capacity, it is furthermore desirable to reduce the power transmitted by a base station antenna.
  • This aim can be achieved by using adaptive antennas with individual antenna elements.
  • the individual antenna elements can in this case be actuated independently of one another in terms of power and phase, in such a way that a beam can be specifically directed at a specific mobile station without also being detected by mobile stations in adjacent areas.
  • the circuitry complexity to achieve this is extremely high and thus expensive since, normally, a plurality of frequency channels would have to be handled in one base station, -which would have to be supplied to the adaptive antenna via expensive, linearized multicarrier amplifiers.
  • the invention is thus based on the object of providing a mobile radio system and an antenna assembly which allow a plurality of directional beams without any major circuitry complexity and thus economically, and in which case, furthermore, conventional diversity receivers can be used.
  • a mobile radio system having at least one base station which has a plurality of first transmitting/receiving devices, and an antenna device associated with it. Furthermore, an RF beamformer is implemented, which has a plurality of first ports, which are associated with the first transmitting/receiving devices, and has a plurality of second ports, which are associated with the antenna device. The RF beamformer interacts with the antenna device in order to permanently assign an individual antenna directional characteristic to each first port. In this way, the overall area to be illuminated by the antenna device can be subdivided into a plurality of area segments or subsectors.
  • the area to be illuminated corresponds, for example, to a 120° sector, which is subdivided into four area segments of 30° each.
  • four first transmitting/receiving devices are provided, which are each associated with one first port of the RF beamformer.
  • a directional beam which illuminates one of the four area segments is associated with each first transmitting/receiving device.
  • the antenna device may represent an antenna array having a plurality of antenna columns, which each comprise a plurality of antenna elements. Each antenna column is connected to a separate second port of the RF beamformer, and each first port is connected to at least one first transmitting/receiving device.
  • An mxn-Butler matrix having m first ports and n second ports may be used as the RF beamformer.
  • the circuitry within the Butler matrix is chosen in such a way that, as already stated, each first port is assigned an individual antenna directional characteristic.
  • a switching matrix which can be actuated and is connected between the RF beamformer and the first transmitting/receiving device.
  • the switching matrix is used to pass a received signal from one of the area segments specifically to one or more predetermined first transmitting/receiving devices. Thanks to the switching matrix, the complexity for the wiring of the transmitting/receiving devices can also be reduced.
  • control and monitoring of the transmitting/receiving devices as well as the switching matrix are carried out by a control device.
  • a broadcast transmission control channel also called a BCCH channel (Broadcast Channel)
  • BCCH channel Broadcast Channel
  • two second transmitting/receiving devices are provided in each case, which are each connected to one antenna, with the antennas being polarized orthogonally with respect to one another.
  • the switching matrix is likewise connected to the second transmitting/receiving device in order to pass on the received signal, which is received from the entire area to be illuminated, specifically to at least one-first transmitting/receiving device.
  • the received signal from the entire area to be illuminated and the received signal from an area segment are polarized orthogonally with respect to one another. This allows so-called polarization diversity reception.
  • each transmitting/receiving device is connected to a transmitting/receiving duplexer.
  • control device If a predetermined traffic load level is reached or exceeded in one area segment, the control device is able to switch the traffic being handled via the corresponding first transmitting/receiving device to the second transmitting/receiving device.
  • the antenna device and the RF beamformer are accommodated in a housing, uncalibrated cables may be used. In consequence, the wiring between the base station and the antenna device can be considerably simplified, and costs can thus be saved.
  • an antenna assembly for use in a mobile radio system.
  • the antenna assembly has an RF beamformer which is equipped with a plurality of first ports, which can be associated with first transmitting/receiving devices, and with a plurality of second ports, which are associated with an antenna device.
  • the RF beamformer interacts with the antenna device in such a way that an individual antenna directional characteristic is permanently assigned to each first port.
  • the figure shows a base station 10 which is connected via uncalibrated cables 80 to an antenna assembly 20.
  • the base station 10 and the antenna assembly 20 are a component of a mobile radio system, for example the GSM system.
  • the antenna assembly has an RF beamformer 22, which is in the form of a 4x4 Butler matrix, for example.
  • the Butler matrix 22 is connected firstly to four antenna columns 24 of an antenna array 23, with each antenna column 24 having a plurality of antenna elements 25.
  • the Butler matrix 22 has four ports 1, 2, 3, 4, which are each connected to a transmitting/receiving duplexer 30 1 , 30 2 , 30 3 or 30 4 , respectively.
  • Each transmitting/receiving duplexer is connected to a separate transmitting/receiving device, referred to for short as a transceiver in the following text, and these have the reference symbols 40 1 , 40 2 , 40 3 and 40 4 , respectively.
  • both the transmitting device and the receiving device of each transceiver are connected to the associated port 1, 2, 3 or 4, respectively.
  • the Butler matrix 22 is connected in such a way that an individual directional characteristic is assigned to each port 1, 2, 3 and 4 via the antenna columns 24 of the antenna array 23.
  • the antenna array 23 is intended to illuminate an area of 120° divided into four subsectors of 30° each.
  • the Butler matrix 22 in conjunction with the antenna array 23 produces four differently aligned beams at an angle of 30° in each case, to be precise depending on which of the ports 1, 2, 3, 4 a transmission power is applied to.
  • further transceivers 40 s may be connected to the respective port via a transmission combination circuit 50. Only the one transmission combination circuit 50 and the further transceiver 40 s are shown, merely in order to simplify the illustration. It should be noted at this point that the antenna columns 24 have an inclined linear polarization.
  • One essential aspect of the invention is to permanently assign an individual antenna directional characteristic to each transceiver 40 1 , 40 2 , 40 3 and 40 4 , so that each transceiver can produce a directional beam with the aid of the Butler matrix 22 and the antenna array 23. In this way, it is possible to handle communication between one mobile station and one of the four transceivers in the base station 10 specifically.
  • two further antennas 25 and 26 with mutually orthogonal polarizations are provided, which can illuminate the entire area.
  • the two antennas 25 and 26 are respectively connected via a transmitting/receiving duplexer 32 1 and 32 2 to a transceiver 42 1 or 42 2 , respectively.
  • a switching matrix 60 which can be actuated by a control device 100, is provided in order to allow, for example, a mobile station to move from one area sector to another area sector, or to allow diversity reception for the transceivers 40 1 to 40 4 .
  • the switching matrix 60 is, for example, connected on the input side to the transmitting/receiving duplexers 30 1 to 30 4 and 32 1 .
  • the antenna columns 24 and the antenna 25 are polarized orthogonally with respect to one another so that polarization diversity reception is possible in the transceivers 40 1 to 40 4.
  • the switching matrix 60 can in each case be connected to a second receiving input of the transceivers 40 1 to 40 4 . To simplify the illustration, the individual connections which lead from the switching matrix 60 to the transceivers are not shown.
  • the switching matrix 60 can be connected, for example, in such a way that not only the port 1 but, selectively, the port 2, 4 or the signal received via the antenna 25 can be applied to the transceiver 40 1 .
  • the port 1, the port 3 or the received signal from the antenna 25 can selectively be applied to the transceiver 40 2 with the aid of the switching matrix 60.
  • the port 3, the port 1 or the signal received via the antenna 25 is applied selectively to the transceiver 40 3 with the aid of the controllable switching matrix 60.
  • the transceiver 40 4 and further additional transceivers, which are not shown can be connected to one another via a second switching matrix, which is not shown.
  • the appropriate transceiver 40 1 to 40 4 is connected on the input side firstly to the port associated with it and secondly to the signal received from the antenna 25, via the switching matrix 60.
  • a signal is received from the area segment associated with the respective transceiver together with the signal received from the entire area to be illuminated.
  • the received signal from the corresponding area segment can be supplied via the port 2 to the transceiver 40 2 , and the received signal from the corresponding area segment can be supplied via the port 3, by means of the switching matrix 60, to the transceiver 40 2 .
  • the control device 100 finds that, for example, the area segment associated with the port 3, and thus the transceiver 40 3 , is overloaded due to an excessively high volume of traffic, the control device 100 can ensure that the traffic handled via the transceiver 40 3 is transferred to the transceiver 42 2 .
  • the traffic channels can be handed over to the two transceivers 42 1 and 42 2 since, fundamentally, each transceiver has an associated traffic channel, and thus eight timeslots. Since, however, only three timeslots are required for transmission of BCCH channels, thirteen further timeslots are available overall for transmission of data via the transceivers 42 1 and 42 2 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
EP00308197A 2000-09-20 2000-09-20 Mobilfunksystem und Antennenanordnung mit vorgegebenen Richtcharakteristiken Withdrawn EP1193791A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP00308197A EP1193791A1 (de) 2000-09-20 2000-09-20 Mobilfunksystem und Antennenanordnung mit vorgegebenen Richtcharakteristiken

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP00308197A EP1193791A1 (de) 2000-09-20 2000-09-20 Mobilfunksystem und Antennenanordnung mit vorgegebenen Richtcharakteristiken

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1193791A1 true EP1193791A1 (de) 2002-04-03

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EP00308197A Withdrawn EP1193791A1 (de) 2000-09-20 2000-09-20 Mobilfunksystem und Antennenanordnung mit vorgegebenen Richtcharakteristiken

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EP (1) EP1193791A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7466273B2 (en) 2004-03-31 2008-12-16 Ace Technology Multiband antenna using whip having independent power feeding in wireless telecommunication terminal

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0639035A1 (de) * 1993-08-12 1995-02-15 Nortel Networks Corporation Antennenanordnung für Basisstation
WO1998050981A1 (en) * 1997-05-07 1998-11-12 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Radio antenna system
DE19820460A1 (de) * 1998-05-07 1999-12-09 Siemens Ag Mobilfunk-Basisstation mit adaptiver Antenne

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0639035A1 (de) * 1993-08-12 1995-02-15 Nortel Networks Corporation Antennenanordnung für Basisstation
WO1998050981A1 (en) * 1997-05-07 1998-11-12 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Radio antenna system
DE19820460A1 (de) * 1998-05-07 1999-12-09 Siemens Ag Mobilfunk-Basisstation mit adaptiver Antenne

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7466273B2 (en) 2004-03-31 2008-12-16 Ace Technology Multiband antenna using whip having independent power feeding in wireless telecommunication terminal

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