EP1192398A1 - Isolierplatte, insbesondere für den niedertemperaturbereich - Google Patents
Isolierplatte, insbesondere für den niedertemperaturbereichInfo
- Publication number
- EP1192398A1 EP1192398A1 EP00938801A EP00938801A EP1192398A1 EP 1192398 A1 EP1192398 A1 EP 1192398A1 EP 00938801 A EP00938801 A EP 00938801A EP 00938801 A EP00938801 A EP 00938801A EP 1192398 A1 EP1192398 A1 EP 1192398A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- insulating plate
- plate according
- desiccant
- insulating
- water vapor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D23/00—General constructional features
- F25D23/06—Walls
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D2201/00—Insulation
- F25D2201/10—Insulation with respect to heat
- F25D2201/14—Insulation with respect to heat using subatmospheric pressure
Definitions
- the invention relates to an insulating plate, in particular for the low temperature range, which is resistant to existing and / or later occurring water vapor and / or other gases.
- Such insulating plates are used in cooling systems, refrigerators or refrigeration devices.
- polyurethane or polystyrene foams are used, which have a thermal conductivity of approx. 0.03 W / mK at normal pressure.
- microporous insulation materials have a thermal conductivity of approximately 0.02 W / mK, since the minimum pore size achieved in the nano range considerably reduces the path length of the air molecules and thus the heat conduction. This effect can be further improved if such insulation materials are evacuated to, for example, 10 mbar or below.
- the microporous powder as packing material is packed in an airtight envelope as possible, so that the water vapor transport rate (WVTR) and the oxygen permeability or
- OTR transport rate
- the service life of insulating plates depends on the fact that water vapor and gases are prevented from penetrating through the covering into the insulating plate.
- the penetration of water vapor, air humidity or gases into the insulating plate reduces the vacuum and thus the insulating ability.
- plastic films, metal-coated plastic films or metal foils are used as wrapping. From the point of view of barrier against the ingress of water vapor, metal foils, especially aluminum foils, would be preferable to other materials. However, metals have a very high thermal conductivity, so that the insulating effect of the insulating plate is reduced by the covering.
- Aluminum has e.g. B. an approx. 20,000 to 100,000 times higher thermal conductivity than the filling materials commonly used in insulating panels. Compared to plastic materials, aluminum foils are around a factor of 1,000 higher.
- plastic foils must be used to maintain the good insulating ability of the insulating plate, but they have the disadvantage of higher permeability to water vapor and gases compared to metal foils. For this reason, metal-coated plastic films are mostly used for the wrapping of insulating panels. However, their thermal conductivity is still significantly higher than that of pure plastic films. Metal-coated plastic films also pose another problem for disposal after their use. In order to dispose of them as single types guarantee, metal and plastic must be separated.
- getters Another approach to solving the problem of water vapor and gas penetration is sought by introducing a getter.
- the disadvantage of this solution is that the commercially available getters are very expensive, since zirconium-vanadium-iron alloys or zirconium-aluminum alloys are generally used as getter materials.
- these getters have the disadvantage that they are located in an extra container that has to be integrated into the insulating plate. In order to achieve an area-covering effect, at least several of these getters must be introduced into the insulating plate.
- the introduction of getters also involves manufacturing problems, since not only do the filling materials have to be mixed, pressed and encased, but also the tablet or capsule-shaped getters have to be introduced in separate steps. In particular with very thin insulating plates, there is also the additional problem that the dimensions are very small and the integration of the getters into these thin insulating plates is difficult.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to provide an insulating plate for the low temperature range which has a permanent resistance to the ingress of water vapor and / or gases.
- the desiccant used is in powder form, which is mixed with the microporous filler materials (fine-particle metal oxides, optionally with fibrous materials and opacifiers), pressed and coated. This will not additional manufacturing step is required, as is the case for the introduction of commercially available getters.
- the main advantage of a desiccant for use in insulating panels is its long-term effect.
- the desiccant contained in the insulating plates will have its effect as long as there is still unused material in the filling material. Only then would the natural water vapor absorption capacity of the filler, e.g. B. silicon aerogels claimed.
- the desiccant is finely divided in the insulating plates and is not locally concentrated as is the case with a getter. As a result, water vapor penetrating evenly over the entire insulating plate is achieved.
- a plastic film can be used with its thermal conductivity, which is approximately 100 times higher than that of metal films.
- a higher water vapor and gas permeability compared to metal foils there is no danger that the vacuum will decrease over time, since penetrating gases and / or water are intercepted. So the lower thermal conductivity compared to metal foils and thus the better insulating ability of the plastic film can be exploited without fear that the insulating ability of the insulating plate will decrease over time due to penetrating gases and / or water vapor.
- Suitable drying agents for an insulating plate according to the invention are all drying agents which are solid and powdery, in particular in the low temperature range, and which form a permanent chemical connection with water vapor. Desiccants that can not only absorb water vapor but also gases are also suitable.
- Calcium oxide (CaO) is used as a particularly preferred drying agent. Calcium oxide (quicklime or quicklime) forms calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH) 2 ) with water. This is an inert solid which, due to adsorption processes, can bind more water than would be expected according to the stochiometric conditions. Calcium oxide is readily available, not expensive and does not pose any problems when disposing of the insulating plate, just like calcium hydroxide.
- desiccants that can be used in the insulating plate according to the invention are e.g. B. phosphorus pentoxide (P 2 ° 5 ). Calcium hydride (CaH), aluminum oxide (A1 2 0 3 ) or potassium carbonate (K 2 C0 3 ).
- composition of the insulating plate can vary depending on the desired application.
- the desiccant content is preferably 2-5% by weight.
- a particularly preferred composition is described below by way of example:
- Preferably used finely divided metal oxides are pyrogenic silicas, including arcing silicas, low alkali precipitated silicas, silicon oxide aerogels, similarly produced aluminum oxides and mixtures thereof. Silicon oxide aerogels are particularly preferred.
- opacifiers are titanium dioxide, ilmenite, zirconium dioxide and zirconium silicate and mixtures thereof. Prefers titanium dioxide is used.
- fiber materials are ceramic fibers, glass wool and rock wool, glass fibers being preferred.
- finely ground calcium oxide (CaO) is added, since this "quicklime" known from the building materials industry is available very inexpensively.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Drying Of Gases (AREA)
- Polymers With Sulfur, Phosphorus Or Metals In The Main Chain (AREA)
- Insulating Bodies (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19928011A DE19928011A1 (de) | 1999-06-19 | 1999-06-19 | Isolierplatte, insbesondere für den Niedertemperaturbereich |
DE19928011 | 1999-06-19 | ||
PCT/EP2000/005637 WO2000079194A1 (de) | 1999-06-19 | 2000-06-19 | Isolierplatte, insbesondere für den niedertemperaturbereich |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1192398A1 true EP1192398A1 (de) | 2002-04-03 |
EP1192398B1 EP1192398B1 (de) | 2004-03-31 |
Family
ID=7911769
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00938801A Expired - Lifetime EP1192398B1 (de) | 1999-06-19 | 2000-06-19 | Isolierplatte, insbesondere für den niedertemperaturbereich |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1192398B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE263348T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19928011A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2000079194A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10308581A1 (de) * | 2003-02-27 | 2004-09-16 | Wacker-Chemie Gmbh | Wärmedämmung für Unterwasser-Bauteile für die Öl- und Gasförderung |
DE102007050403A1 (de) * | 2007-10-22 | 2009-04-23 | BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH | Kältegerät |
DE102011121090A1 (de) * | 2011-12-14 | 2013-06-20 | Saint-Gobain Isover G+H Ag | Wärmedämmelement aus Mineralwolle, insbesondere Stein-oder Glaswolle |
CN111326297B (zh) * | 2020-03-05 | 2021-07-20 | 捷而科电材(上海)有限公司 | 一种电气绝缘板及其加工工艺 |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3993811A (en) * | 1974-08-15 | 1976-11-23 | The Dow Chemical Company | Thermal insulating panel for use in an insulative container and method of making said panel |
DE3418637A1 (de) * | 1984-05-18 | 1985-11-21 | Wacker-Chemie GmbH, 8000 München | Waermedaemmformkoerper mit umhuellung |
DE4019870A1 (de) * | 1990-06-22 | 1992-01-09 | Degussa | Vakuumisolationspanel mit asymmetrischem aufbau |
US5500305A (en) * | 1990-09-24 | 1996-03-19 | Aladdin Industries, Inc. | Vacuum insulated panel and method of making a vacuum insulated panel |
DE4106727C2 (de) * | 1991-03-02 | 1995-11-16 | Porotherm Daemmstoffe Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von umhüllten mikroporösen Wärmedämmformkörpern |
DE4310613A1 (de) * | 1993-03-31 | 1994-10-06 | Wacker Chemie Gmbh | Mikroporöser Wärmedämmformkörper |
US5466504A (en) * | 1994-05-02 | 1995-11-14 | Owens-Corning Fiberglas Technology, Inc. | Fibrous glass insulation assembly |
CN1071012C (zh) * | 1995-03-07 | 2001-09-12 | 松下冷机株式会社 | 真空热绝缘材料和使用这种材料的热绝缘箱 |
DE19635971C2 (de) * | 1996-09-05 | 2003-08-21 | Porextherm Daemmstoffe Gmbh | Wärmedämmformkörper und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
DE19801324A1 (de) * | 1998-01-16 | 1999-07-22 | Basf Ag | Sorptionsmittel für Vakuumisolationseinheiten |
DE19859084C1 (de) * | 1998-12-19 | 2000-05-11 | Redco Nv | Mikroporöser Wärmedämmkörper |
-
1999
- 1999-06-19 DE DE19928011A patent/DE19928011A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2000
- 2000-06-19 WO PCT/EP2000/005637 patent/WO2000079194A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 2000-06-19 AT AT00938801T patent/ATE263348T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-06-19 EP EP00938801A patent/EP1192398B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-06-19 DE DE50005917T patent/DE50005917D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO0079194A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE50005917D1 (de) | 2004-05-06 |
WO2000079194A1 (de) | 2000-12-28 |
ATE263348T1 (de) | 2004-04-15 |
EP1192398B1 (de) | 2004-03-31 |
DE19928011A1 (de) | 2000-12-21 |
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