EP1183696B1 - Capacitively controlled high-voltage winding - Google Patents
Capacitively controlled high-voltage winding Download PDFInfo
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- EP1183696B1 EP1183696B1 EP00949084A EP00949084A EP1183696B1 EP 1183696 B1 EP1183696 B1 EP 1183696B1 EP 00949084 A EP00949084 A EP 00949084A EP 00949084 A EP00949084 A EP 00949084A EP 1183696 B1 EP1183696 B1 EP 1183696B1
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- conductor
- voltage winding
- control
- control conductor
- main
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
- H01F27/343—Preventing or reducing surge voltages; oscillations
- H01F27/345—Preventing or reducing surge voltages; oscillations using auxiliary conductors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
- H01F27/2871—Pancake coils
Definitions
- the surge voltage resistance of transformer windings for rated voltages from 220 kV is usually achieved in that the winding is composed exclusively of nested coils or in that in the input region of the winding with stepped longitudinal capacitances, the surge voltage is reduced so far that the remaining winding in normal double coil circuit, for example from Drilleitern, executable.
- the invention relates to a capacitive controlled high-voltage winding of disc coils for transformers with high power ratings with a designed as a twisting ladder, the load current leading main conductor and with a spatially parallel control conductor.
- Such a capacitively controlled high voltage winding is known from DE-OS 24 18 230.
- the high voltage winding shown there has a plurality of axially superposed disc coils, which are continuously wound from a trained as a twist conductor main conductor. Spatially parallel to the main conductor, a control conductor is continuously wound over a winding section of at least four disc coils. The control conductor is separated in the middle of this winding section and its beginning and end are electrically connected to each other outside the winding. This connection produced by soldering is practically without problems, because the control conductor is solderable as a solid conductor without difficulty.
- German Auslegeschrift 1 297 217 discloses a further winding arrangement which contains control conductors for the capacitive control of a solid main conductor.
- This winding is composed of continuously wound double coils and the control conductors are designed to achieve graded longitudinal capacitances in the double coils of different lengths.
- the main conductor of the double coils is formed of two electrically parallel connected and spatially parallel and thereby electrically isolated from each other solid conductors, between which the designed as a metal foil control conductor is wrapped.
- the longitudinal capacitance and the impulse voltage distribution in the winding also depends on the winding density.
- the winding density fluctuates undesirably with the quality of manufacture achieved in each case.
- a twisted conductor for coils for transformers which consists of several parallel-guided and mutually insulated flat part conductors.
- the positions of the partial conductors in the cross section of the twisting conductor are cyclically reversed, as seen by crimping, so that each partial conductor cyclically assumes every possible position in the cross section of the twisted conductor over the length of the twisted conductor.
- a step winding for transformers which has a plurality of electrically connected in series partial windings.
- Each of the partial windings is formed in each case from a single conductor, to which a respective control conductor is arranged spatially parallel.
- the control conductors and the individual conductors are electrically isolated from each other.
- a transformer with a winding of a load current leading main conductor which usually consists of a material having high conductivity.
- the main conductor is at least over part of its length spatially parallel an additional conductor of a resistance material arranged.
- the additional conductor serves to dampen vibrations.
- a high-current conductor for the connection lines of windings is known, in addition to a screen conductor is guided spatially parallel.
- the shielding conductor is galvanically connected to the current-carrying conductor via so-called “potential connections", so that the sum current in the shielding conductor is equal to zero.
- the shielding conductor serves to shield the magnetic field of the current conducted in the high-current conductor, so that construction parts exposed to its magnetic field are not subjected to thermal loading inadmissibly by eddy currents induced in them.
- the invention has for its object for high-voltage windings of the former type to create a control conductor arrangement, which has a greater longitudinal capacity and also a comparatively simple and safe production and ensures high reliability of the high voltage winding during their use in a transformer.
- Longitudinal capacity is understood to be the unit of electrical capacity per unit of length between the main winding conductors and the control conductor.
- control conductor is arranged spatially within the main conductor, and the control conductor is upright between the two stacks of the sub-conductor of the main conductor.
- control conductor is located within the main conductor designed as a twisting conductor, it is spatially very close to all sub-conductors from which a twisted conductor is usually formed, so that a large longitudinal capacity is given.
- longitudinal capacity of this high voltage winding is independent of any existing axial cooling channels.
- a high-voltage winding is particularly easy to produce with such a main conductor, because the main conductor and the control conductor can be wound simultaneously.
- high reliability is given by the fact that the control conductor is located within the main conductor, that is shielded by the main conductor to the outside. The maximum voltage stress of the control conductor between two axially adjacent coils is due to this shield always equal to only twice the voltage applied across a pulley.
- control conductor is arranged spatially between two stacks of flat superposed together forming the main conductors individual conductors and stands edgewise between the two stacks of the individual conductors of the main conductor.
- the control conductor arranged in this way abuts against the corresponding side surfaces of the stacks.
- control conductor forms in cross section a rectangle with a length to width ratio of about 15: 1 and the overall cross section of the main conductor with the control conductor enclosed is approximately square.
- control conductor of several spatially parallel, against each other electrically insulated single conductors is formed. This results in low eddy current losses in the control conductor.
- control conductor extends over a portion of the disk coil and that in the main conductor in the remaining part of the disk coil, a filling of insulating material is provided.
- the number of turns provided with a control conductor within a disk coil decreases with increasing distance of the disk coil from the connection of the high-voltage winding.
- the longitudinal capacitance decreases from the terminal into the high-voltage winding, and a distribution of a voltage surge occurring at the terminal to a high number of turns in the high-voltage winding is achieved.
- an intermediate layer is arranged between the two stacks of sub-conductors forming the main conductor in control-disk-free coils, whose cross-section corresponds to the control conductor including its insulation.
- a terminal lug of the control conductor is led out in each case from the outermost turn of a control conductor having a disc coil and the terminal lugs of adjacent disc coils whose radially inner main conductor windings are connected by a coil connection, coupled via a control conductor connection to each other galvanically.
- High-voltage windings designed according to the invention are very advantageous because their longitudinal capacitance is significantly greater as a result of the spatially extremely close coupling of the control conductor to the main conductor than in all of the abovementioned known embodiments. In this case, the required production cost compared to the known solutions is rather lower than higher. In general, the high-voltage winding after its completion by a jig, which exerts an axial clamping force on the winding, held together.
- a high-voltage winding 1 of a transformer with a high nominal power, for example more than 200 MWA and a rated voltage of 220 kV or more, which is directed along an axis 16, has terminals 2 and 3, the terminal 2 forming the high-voltage terminal (see FIG. 1).
- the high-voltage winding 1 is composed of disk coils 4A to 4L (see FIG. 2).
- the disk coils 4A to 4L are wound from a main conductor 5 having a preferably approximately square cross-section, wherein the main conductor 5 in the disk coils 4A, 4C, 4E, 4G, 4I and 4K respectively from outside to inside and in the disk coils 4B, 4D, 4F, 4H, 4J and 4L is wound from inside to outside.
- the disk coils 4A to 4L are electrically connected in series via coil connections 6 located inside the high-voltage winding 1 and via coil connections 7 located on the outer circumference of the high-voltage winding 1 (see FIG. 2).
- the disk coils 4A to 4L may also be in pairs (4a, 4b); (4C, 4D); (4E, 4F); (4G, 4H); (4I, 4J) and (4K, 4L) are each combined in a double coil, and each double coil can be wound from one main conductor.
- the main conductor 5 (see FIG. 3) consists of two mutually parallel stacks 16 and 17 of sub-conductors 8 which adjoin one another with their broad sides and which are isolated from each other but nevertheless electrically connected in parallel.
- the main conductor 5 is guided by entanglements 9, of which only one is shown, alternately one of the sub-conductor 8 from one stack 16 to the other stack 17 and one of the sub-conductor 8 from the other stack 17 to a stack 16 out.
- This exchange takes place cyclically along the main conductor 5, so that each sub-conductor 8 occupies every possible sub-conductor position per longitudinal section of the main conductor 5. This is one so-called Drilleiter formed, which is also called Roebelstab in Stromgeneratorenbau.
- the control conductor 10 has an approximately rectangular cross-section, wherein the rectangle has a length / width ratio of about 15: 1.
- the control conductor 10 may be designed as an insulated solid conductor, in particular as a flat conductor, or similar to the main conductor 5 of a plurality of radially superimposed, insulated against each other individual conductors 15 (see Figure 4).
- the individual conductors 15 are electrically connected in parallel.
- the control conductor 10 stands upright between the two stacks of the individual conductors 8. This creates a close spatial arrangement of the individual conductors 8, in particular with respect to the control conductor 10.
- the parallel and spatially closely spaced individual conductors 8 on the one hand and the control conductor 10 on the other hand form due to their small spatial distance from each other a capacitor with a relatively high capacity.
- a respective control conductor 10A or 10B in the first and second disk coil 4A or 4B extends over all five windings, one control conductor 10C or 10D in each of the third and fourth disk coil 4C or 4D three windings, one control conductor 10E or 10F in the fifth and sixth disk coil 4E or 4F for 2 turns and one control conductor 10G to 10J in the seventh to tenth disk coil 4G to 4J via one turn.
- the then in the high-voltage winding 1 following disc coils 4K and 4L are tax-free and padded only with the liner 12.
- the fillings 11C to 11J are provided instead of a control conductor.
- control conductors 10A-10J are in each case brought out of their respective disk coil 4A-4J via a connection lug 13A-13J, not shown in more detail, and can be electrically contacted.
- the terminal lugs 13A to 13J of the disk coils 4A to 4J which are directly connected to each other via a coil connection 6, so the disk coils (4A, 4B); 4C, 4D); (4E, 4F); (4G, 4H) and (4I, 4J) are outside of the high-voltage winding 1 by a respective control conductor connection 14A to 14E galvanically connected to each other.
- the control conductors 10A and 10B or 10C and 10D or 10E and 10F or 10G and 10H or 10I and 10J are electrically connected in series.
- the longitudinal capacitances of the disk coils 4A to 4 J are correspondingly different.
- the respective longitudinal capacity of the disk coils 4A and 4B is highest and the respective longitudinal capacity of the disk coils 4B to 4J is lowest.
- the longitudinal capacity decreases.
- high-frequency surges with which the terminal 2 is applied, so introduced into the high-voltage winding 1, that the voltage drop is distributed over many turns. Due to the decreasing longitudinal capacitance, an approximately uniform distribution of an impulsive surge on the high-voltage winding 1 is ideally enforced, depending on the frequency of the voltage surge.
- the disk coils 4A - 4L which are not shown in detail, lying in the high-voltage winding 1 below the section A according to FIG. 1, can be designed with a main conductor designed as a twisted conductor without a control conductor and without filling or intermediate layer.
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- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Coils Of Transformers For General Uses (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Für sogenannte Grenzleistungstransformatoren mit Nennspannungen ab etwa 220 kV und Einheitsleistungen ab etwa 200 MVA ist die Verwendung von Drilleiterspulenwicklungen anstelle von Spulenwicklungen aus einer Vielzahl von parallelen Flachdrähten vorteilhaft. Einerseits werden dadurch die durch das Streufeld verursachten Zusatzverluste verringert und andererseits der zur Verfügung stehende Wickelraum durch einen höheren Füllfaktor besser ausgenutzt.For so-called limit power transformers with rated voltages from about 220 kV and unit power from about 200 MVA, the use of Drilleitererspulenwicklungen instead of coil windings of a plurality of parallel flat wires is advantageous. On the one hand, this reduces the additional losses caused by the stray field and, on the other hand, makes better use of the available winding space due to a higher filling factor.
Die Stoßspannungsfestigkeit von Transformatorwicklungen für Nennspannungen ab 220 kV wird üblicherweise dadurch erreicht, daß die Wicklung ausschließlich aus ineinander gewickelten Spulen aufgebaut ist oder dadurch, daß im Eingangsgebiet der Wicklung mit abgestuften Längskapazitäten die Stoßspannung soweit abgebaut wird, daß die restliche Wicklung in normaler Doppelspulenschaltung, beispielsweise aus Drilleitern, ausführbar ist.The surge voltage resistance of transformer windings for rated voltages from 220 kV is usually achieved in that the winding is composed exclusively of nested coils or in that in the input region of the winding with stepped longitudinal capacitances, the surge voltage is reduced so far that the remaining winding in normal double coil circuit, for example from Drilleitern, executable.
Die Herstellung ineinander gewickelter Spulen erfordert in jedem Fall Lötverbindungen, die bei Verwendung von Drilleitern nur unter größten Schwierigkeiten oder überhaupt nicht realisierbar sind. Bei der Verwendung von Drilleitern ist daher zur Vermeidung von Lötverbindungen eine fortlaufend wickelbare Doppelspulenschaltung anzustreben, in der die kapazitive Steuerung durch einen besonderen Steuerleiter erreichbar ist, dessen Lötverbindungen einfach und wirtschaftlich herstellbar sind.The production of wound coils in each case requires solder joints that are difficult or impossible to implement when using Drilleitern only with great difficulty. When using twisted conductors, a continuously windable double coil circuit is therefore desirable in order to avoid soldering connections, in which the capacitive control can be achieved by a special control conductor whose solder connections are simple and economical to produce.
Die Erfindung betrifft eine kapazitiv gesteuerte Hochspannungswicklung aus Scheibenspulen für Transformatoren mit großen Nennleistungen mit einem als Drilleiter ausgebildeten, den Laststrom führenden Hauptleiter und mit einem dazu räumlich parallelen Steuerleiter.The invention relates to a capacitive controlled high-voltage winding of disc coils for transformers with high power ratings with a designed as a twisting ladder, the load current leading main conductor and with a spatially parallel control conductor.
Eine solche kapazitiv gesteuerte Hochspannungswicklung ist aus der DE-OS 24 18 230 bekannt. Die dort gezeigte Hochspannungswicklung weist mehrere axial übereinander angeordnete Scheibenspulen auf, die fortlaufend aus einem als Drilleiter ausgebildeten Hauptleiter gewickelt sind. Räumlich parallel zum Hauptleiter ist ein Steuerleiter über einen Wicklungsabschnitt von jeweils mindestens vier Scheibenspulen laufend mitgewickelt. Der Steuerleiter ist in der Mitte dieses Wicklungsabschnittes aufgetrennt und dessen Anfang und Ende außerhalb der Wicklung galvanisch miteinander verbunden. Diese durch Löten hergestellte Verbindung ist praktisch problemlos, weil der Steuerleiter als massiver Leiter ohne Schwierigkeit lötbar ist.Such a capacitively controlled high voltage winding is known from DE-OS 24 18 230. The high voltage winding shown there has a plurality of axially superposed disc coils, which are continuously wound from a trained as a twist conductor main conductor. Spatially parallel to the main conductor, a control conductor is continuously wound over a winding section of at least four disc coils. The control conductor is separated in the middle of this winding section and its beginning and end are electrically connected to each other outside the winding. This connection produced by soldering is practically without problems, because the control conductor is solderable as a solid conductor without difficulty.
Durch die deutsche Auslegeschrift 1 297 217 ist eine weitere Wicklungsanordnung bekannt, die Steuerleiter zur kapazitiven Steuerung eines massiven Hauptleiters enthält. Diese Wicklung ist aus fortlaufend gewickelten Doppelspulen zusammengesetzt und die Steuerleiter sind zur Erzielung abgestufter Längskapazitäten in den Doppelspulen unterschiedlich lang ausgeführt. Der Hauptleiter der Doppelspulen ist aus zwei elektrisch parallel geschalteten und räumlich parallel geführten und dabei elektrisch voneinander isolierten Massivleitern gebildet, zwischen denen der als Metallfolie ausgeführte Steuerleiter eingewickelt ist.German Auslegeschrift 1 297 217 discloses a further winding arrangement which contains control conductors for the capacitive control of a solid main conductor. This winding is composed of continuously wound double coils and the control conductors are designed to achieve graded longitudinal capacitances in the double coils of different lengths. The main conductor of the double coils is formed of two electrically parallel connected and spatially parallel and thereby electrically isolated from each other solid conductors, between which the designed as a metal foil control conductor is wrapped.
Sowohl bei der Wicklungsausführung gemäß der deutschen Auslegeschrift 12 97 217 als auch gemäß der DT 24 18 230 A1 ist die Längskapazität und die Stoßspannungsverteilung in der Wicklung auch von der Wickeldichte abhängig. Die Wickeldichte schwankt jedoch in unerwünschter Weise mit der jeweils erreichten Fertigungsqualität.Both in the winding design according to the
Aus der DE-OS 19 43 724 ist ein Drilleiter für Spulen für Transformatoren bekannt, der aus mehreren prallel geführten und gegeneinander isolierten flachen Teilleitern besteht.From DE-OS 19 43 724 a twisted conductor for coils for transformers is known, which consists of several parallel-guided and mutually insulated flat part conductors.
Entlang des Drilleiters sind die Positionen der Teilleiter im Querschnitt des Drilleiters betrachtet durch Kröpfen zyklisch vertauscht, so dass jeder Teilleiter über die Länge des Drilleiters zyklisch jede mögliche Position im Querschnitt des Drilleiters einnimmt.Along the twisting ladder, the positions of the partial conductors in the cross section of the twisting conductor are cyclically reversed, as seen by crimping, so that each partial conductor cyclically assumes every possible position in the cross section of the twisted conductor over the length of the twisted conductor.
Aus der DE-PS 23 23 304 ist eine Stufenwicklung für Transformatoren bekannt, die mehrere elektrisch in Reihe geschaltete Teilwicklungen aufweist. Jede der Teilwicklungen ist aus jeweils einem Einzelleiter gebildet, zu dem ein jeweiliger Steuerleiter räumlich parallel angeordnet ist. Die Steuerleiter und die Einzelleiter sind elektrisch voneinander isoliert.From DE-PS 23 23 304 a step winding for transformers is known which has a plurality of electrically connected in series partial windings. Each of the partial windings is formed in each case from a single conductor, to which a respective control conductor is arranged spatially parallel. The control conductors and the individual conductors are electrically isolated from each other.
Aus der DE-PS 39 07 287 C2 ist ein Transformator mit einer Wicklung aus einem den Laststrom führenden Hauptleiter bekannt, der üblicherweise aus einem Werkstoff mit hoher Leitfähigkeit besteht. Dem Hauptleiter ist zumindest über einen Teil seiner Länge räumlich parallel ein Zusatzleiter aus einem Widerstandsstoff angeordnet. Der Zusatzleiter dient zur Bedämpfung von Schwingungen.From DE-PS 39 07 287 C2, a transformer with a winding of a load current leading main conductor is known, which usually consists of a material having high conductivity. The main conductor is at least over part of its length spatially parallel an additional conductor of a resistance material arranged. The additional conductor serves to dampen vibrations.
Aus der DE-PS 36 29 310 ist ein Hochstromleiter für die Anschlussleitungen von Wicklungen bekannt, neben dem ein Schirmleiter räumlich parallel geführt ist. Der Schirmleiter ist über so bezeichnete "Potentialverbindungen" mit dem stromführenden Leiter galvanisch derart verbunden, dass der Summenstrom im Schirmleiter gleich Null ist. Der Schirmleiter dient der Abschirmung des Magnetfeldes des durch den im Hochstromleiter geführten Strom, so dass seinem magnetischen Feld ausgesetzte Konstruktionsteile thermisch nicht unzulässig durch in diesen induzierte Wirbelströmen belastet werden.From DE-PS 36 29 310, a high-current conductor for the connection lines of windings is known, in addition to a screen conductor is guided spatially parallel. The shielding conductor is galvanically connected to the current-carrying conductor via so-called "potential connections", so that the sum current in the shielding conductor is equal to zero. The shielding conductor serves to shield the magnetic field of the current conducted in the high-current conductor, so that construction parts exposed to its magnetic field are not subjected to thermal loading inadmissibly by eddy currents induced in them.
Aus der GB 1,158,325 ist in eine kapazitiv gesteuerte Hochspannungswicklung aus Scheibenspulen bekannt; diese ist mit einem als Drillleiter ausgeführten Hauptleiter für den Laststrom ausgeführt, der mit zwei nebeneinander angeordneten Stapeln von flach aufeinanderliegenden Teilleitern gebildet ist. Weiterhin ist ein außerhalb des Hauptleiters liegender aber zu diesem räumlich paralleler Steuerleiter vorgesehen, der als Flachleiter ausgebildet ist. Der Steuerleiter ist von dem Hauptleiter galvanisch getrennt. Die Teilleiter weisen alle nahezu quadratischen Querschnitt auf; sie sind mit einer äußeren diese gemeinsam umgebenden Teilleiterisolierung nach außen elektrisch isoliert. Der Flachleiter liegt außen an dem Hauptleiter an und kann mit diesem zu einem Verbundleiter verbunden sein.From GB 1,158,325 is known in a capacitive controlled high voltage winding of disc coils; this is carried out with a designed as a drill ladder main conductor for the load current, arranged with two side by side Stacking of flat superposed sub-conductors is formed. Furthermore, an outboard of the main conductor but is provided to this spatially parallel control conductor, which is designed as a flat conductor. The control conductor is galvanically isolated from the main conductor. The sub-conductors all have almost square cross-section; they are electrically insulated to the outside with an externally surrounding subconductor insulation. The flat conductor is on the outside of the main conductor and can be connected to this to a composite conductor.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde für Hochspannungswicklungen der erstgenannten Art eine Steuerleiteranordnung zu schaffen, die eine größere Längskapazität aufweist und dabei ebenso eine vergleichsweise einfache und sichere Herstelllung sowie eine hohe Betriebssicherheit der Hochspannungswicklung während ihres Einsatzes in einem Transformator gewährleistet.The invention has for its object for high-voltage windings of the former type to create a control conductor arrangement, which has a greater longitudinal capacity and also a comparatively simple and safe production and ensures high reliability of the high voltage winding during their use in a transformer.
Unter Längskapazität wird die auf eine Längeneinheit bezogene elektrische Kapazität zwischen dem wicklungsbildenden Hauptleitern und dem Steuerleiter verstanden.Longitudinal capacity is understood to be the unit of electrical capacity per unit of length between the main winding conductors and the control conductor.
Diese Aufgabe wird bei einer Hochspannungswicklung der erstgenannten Art dadurch gelöst, daß erfindungsgemäß der Steuerleiter räumlich innerhalb des Hauptleiters angeordnet ist, und der Steuerleiter hochkant zwischen den zwei Stapeln der Teilleiter des Hauptleiters steht.This object is achieved in a high-voltage winding of the former type in that according to the invention, the control conductor is arranged spatially within the main conductor, and the control conductor is upright between the two stacks of the sub-conductor of the main conductor.
Dadurch, daß der Steuerleiter innerhalb des als Drilleiter ausgeführten Hauptleiters liegt, liegt er räumlich sehr nahe zu allen Teilleitern, aus denen ein Drilleiter üblicherweise gebildet ist, so daß eine große Längskapazität gegeben ist. Außerdem ist die Längskapazität dieser Hochspannungswicklung unabhängig von möglicherweise vorhandenen axialen Kühlkanälen. Eine Hochspannungswicklung ist mit einem solchen Hauptleiter besonders einfach herstellbar, weil der Hauptleiter und der Steuerleiter gleichzeitig gewickelt werden können. Zudem ist eine hohe Betriebssicherheit dadurch gegeben, daß der Steuerleiter innerhalb des Hauptleiters liegt, also durch den Hauptleiter nach außen abgeschirmt ist. Die maximale Spannungsbeanspruchung des Steuerleiters zwischen zwei axial benachbarten Spulen ist aufgrund dieser Abschirmung immer nur gleich dem Zweifachen der über einer Scheibenspule anliegenden Spannung.The fact that the control conductor is located within the main conductor designed as a twisting conductor, it is spatially very close to all sub-conductors from which a twisted conductor is usually formed, so that a large longitudinal capacity is given. In addition, the longitudinal capacity of this high voltage winding is independent of any existing axial cooling channels. A high-voltage winding is particularly easy to produce with such a main conductor, because the main conductor and the control conductor can be wound simultaneously. In addition, high reliability is given by the fact that the control conductor is located within the main conductor, that is shielded by the main conductor to the outside. The maximum voltage stress of the control conductor between two axially adjacent coils is due to this shield always equal to only twice the voltage applied across a pulley.
Nach der Erfindung ist der Steuerleiter räumlich zwischen zwei Stapeln von flach aufeinander liegenden gemeinsam den Hauptleiter bildenden Einzelleitern angeordnet und steht hochkant zwischen den zwei Stapeln der Einzelleiter des Hauptleiters. Der so angeordnete Steuerleiter liegt an den entsprechenden Seitenflächen der Stapel an.According to the invention, the control conductor is arranged spatially between two stacks of flat superposed together forming the main conductors individual conductors and stands edgewise between the two stacks of the individual conductors of the main conductor. The control conductor arranged in this way abuts against the corresponding side surfaces of the stacks.
Diese Seitenflächen sind im Vergleich zu der Außenoberfläche eines Drilleiters sehr eben, so dass ein sehr geringer Abstand zwischen den Seitenflächen und dem Steuerleiter und damit eine sehr große Längskapazität gegeben ist.These side surfaces are very flat compared to the outer surface of a twisting conductor, so that a very small distance between the side surfaces and the control conductor and thus a very large longitudinal capacity is given.
Gemäß vorteilhaften Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung bildet der Steuerleiter im Querschnitt ein Rechteck mit einem Verhältnis von Länge zu Breite von etwa 15 : 1 und ist der Gesamtquerschnitt des Hauptleiters mit eingeschlossenem Steuerleiter etwa quadratisch.According to advantageous embodiments of the invention, the control conductor forms in cross section a rectangle with a length to width ratio of about 15: 1 and the overall cross section of the main conductor with the control conductor enclosed is approximately square.
Vorzugsweise ist der Steuerleiter aus mehreren räumlich parallel liegenden, gegeneinander elektrisch isolierten Einzelleitern gebildet. Dadurch ergeben sich geringe Wirbelstromverluste im Steuerleiter.Preferably, the control conductor of several spatially parallel, against each other electrically insulated single conductors is formed. This results in low eddy current losses in the control conductor.
Andere Ausgestaltungen bestehen darin, daß sich der Steuerleiter über einen Teil der Scheibenspule erstreckt und dass im Hauptleiter im verbleibenden Teil der Scheibenspule eine Auffüllung aus Isolierstoff vorgesehen ist.Other embodiments are that the control conductor extends over a portion of the disk coil and that in the main conductor in the remaining part of the disk coil, a filling of insulating material is provided.
Vorzugsweise nimmt die Anzahl der mit einem Steuerleiter versehenen Windungen innerhalb einer Scheibenspule mit zunehmendem Abstand der Scheibenspule vom Anschluss der Hochspannungswicklung ab. Dadurch nimmt die Längskapazität vom Anschluss aus in die Hochspannungswicklung hinein gehend ab, und es ist eine Verteilung eines an dem Anschluss auftretenden Spannungsstosses auf eine hohe Zahl an Windungen in der Hochspannungswicklung erreicht.Preferably, the number of turns provided with a control conductor within a disk coil decreases with increasing distance of the disk coil from the connection of the high-voltage winding. As a result, the longitudinal capacitance decreases from the terminal into the high-voltage winding, and a distribution of a voltage surge occurring at the terminal to a high number of turns in the high-voltage winding is achieved.
Bevorzugterweise ist zwischen den zwei Stapeln von dem Hauptleiter bildenden Teilleitern in steuerleiterfreien Scheibenspulen eine Zwischenlage angeordnet, deren Querschnitt dem Steuerleiter einschließlich dessen Isolierung entspricht.Preferably, an intermediate layer is arranged between the two stacks of sub-conductors forming the main conductor in control-disk-free coils, whose cross-section corresponds to the control conductor including its insulation.
Nach weiteren Ausbildungen der Erfindung ist jeweils aus der äußersten Windung einer einen Steuerleiter aufweisenden Scheibenspule eine Anschlußfahne des Steuerleiters hinausgeführt und sind jeweils die Anschlußfahnen von benachbarten Scheibenspulen, deren radial innen liegende Hauptleiterwindungen durch eine Spulenverbindung verbunden sind, über eine Steuerleiterverbindung galvanisch miteinander gekoppelt.According to further embodiments of the invention, a terminal lug of the control conductor is led out in each case from the outermost turn of a control conductor having a disc coil and the terminal lugs of adjacent disc coils whose radially inner main conductor windings are connected by a coil connection, coupled via a control conductor connection to each other galvanically.
Erfindungsgemäß ausgebildete Hochspannungswicklungen sind sehr vorteilhaft, weil ihre Längskapazität infolge der räumlich extrem engen Kopplung des Steuerleiters mit dem Hauptleiter deutlich größer ist, als bei allen obengenannten bekannten Ausführungen. Dabei ist der erforderliche Fertigungsaufwand gegenüber den bekannten Lösungen eher geringer als höher. In der Regel ist die Hochspannungswicklung nach deren Fertigstellung durch eine Einspannvorrichtung, die auf die Wicklung eine axiale Einspannkraft ausübt, zusammengehalten. Ist der innerhalb des Hauptleiters ein als Flachleiter ausgebildeter Steuerleiter vorgesehen und ist der Hauptleiter so gewickelt, dass der Flachleiter in einer radialen Ebene liegt, dann ergibt sich insbesondere der Vorteil, dass der Abstand zwischen dem Steuerleiter und den diesen flankierenden Teilleitern des Hauptleiters zeitlich sehr konstant ist, das die Einspannkraft zeitlich nur geringfügig schwankt. Die Längskapazität der Hochspannungswicklung ist dadurch nahezu konstant.High-voltage windings designed according to the invention are very advantageous because their longitudinal capacitance is significantly greater as a result of the spatially extremely close coupling of the control conductor to the main conductor than in all of the abovementioned known embodiments. In this case, the required production cost compared to the known solutions is rather lower than higher. In general, the high-voltage winding after its completion by a jig, which exerts an axial clamping force on the winding, held together. If a control conductor designed as a flat conductor is provided inside the main conductor and if the main conductor is wound in such a way that the flat conductor lies in a radial plane, then the advantage arises in particular that the distance between the control conductor and the sub-conductors of the main conductor flanking it is very constant over time is that the clamping force varies only slightly in time. The longitudinal capacitance of the high-voltage winding is thus almost constant.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird anhand einer Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen
- FIG 1
- eine Hochspannungswicklung im Schnitt,
- FIG 2
- eine Einzelheit bei A in FIG 1 in größerem Maßstab,
- FIG 3
- einen Querschnitt durch einen Hauptleiter mit integriertem Steuerleiter,
- FIG 4
- einen Querschnitt durch einen Hauptleiter mit einem mit mehreren Einzelleitern gebildeten Steuerleiter.
- FIG. 1
- a high-voltage winding in the cut,
- FIG. 2
- a detail at A in FIG 1 on a larger scale,
- FIG. 3
- a cross section through a main conductor with integrated control conductor,
- FIG. 4
- a cross section through a main conductor with a control conductor formed with a plurality of individual conductors.
Einander entsprechende Bauteile sind in allen FIG mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen.Corresponding components are provided in all FIG with the same reference numerals.
Eine entlang einer Achse 16 gerichtete Hochspannungswicklung 1 eines Transformators mit hoher Nennleistung, beispielsweise mehr als 200 MWA und einer Nennspannung von 220 kV oder mehr, weist Anschlüsse 2 und 3 auf, wobei der Anschluss 2 den Hochspannungsanschluss bildet (siehe Figur 1).A high-voltage winding 1 of a transformer with a high nominal power, for example more than 200 MWA and a rated voltage of 220 kV or more, which is directed along an
Die Hochspannungswicklung 1 ist aus Scheibenspulen 4A bis 4L zusammengesetzt (siehe Figur 2). Die Scheibenspulen 4A bis 4L sind aus einem Hauptleiter 5 mit vorzugsweise annähernd quadratischem Querschnitt gewickelt, wobei der Hauptleiter 5 in den Scheibenspulen 4A, 4C, 4E, 4G, 4I und 4K jeweils von außen nach innen und in den Scheibenspulen 4B, 4D, 4F, 4H, 4J und 4L von innen nach außen gewickelt ist. Die Scheibenspulen 4A bis 4L sind über innerhalb der Hochspannungswicklung 1 liegende Spulenverbindungen 6 und über am äußeren Umfang der Hochspannungswicklung 1 liegende Spulenverbindungen 7 elektrisch in Reihe geschaltet (siehe Figur 2). Die Scheibenspulen 4A bis 4L können auch in Paaren (4a,4B); (4C,4D); (4E,4F); (4G,4H); (4I, 4J) bzw. (4K,4L) jeweils in einer Doppelspule zusammengefasst sein, und jede Doppelspule kann aus jeweils einem Hauptleiter gewickelt sein.The high-voltage winding 1 is composed of disk coils 4A to 4L (see FIG. 2). The disk coils 4A to 4L are wound from a
Der Hauptleiter 5 (siehe Figur 3) besteht aus zwei parallel zueinander liegenden Stapeln 16 und 17 von mit ihren Breitseiten aneinander liegenden Teilleitern 8, die gegeneinander zwar isoliert aber trotzdem elektrisch parallel geschaltet sind. Entlang des Hauptleiters 5 wird durch Verschränkungen 9, von denen nur eine dargestellt ist, abwechselnd einer der Teilleiter 8 von einem Stapel 16 zum anderen Stapel 17 geführt und einer der Teilleiter 8 vom anderen Stapel 17 zum einen Stapel 16 geführt. Dieser Austausch erfolgt zyklisch entlang des Hauptleiters 5, so daß jeder Teilleiter 8 pro Längenabschnitt des Hauptleiters 5 jede mögliche Teilleiterposition einnimmt. Dadurch ist ein sogenannter Drilleiter gebildet, der im Stromgeneratorenbau auch Roebelstab genannt ist.The main conductor 5 (see FIG. 3) consists of two mutually
Zwischen den beiden Stapeln 16 und 17 aus Einzelleitern 8 ist eine Distanz in der Größenordnung der Stärke eines Einzelleiters 8 vorgesehen. Diese Distanz wird gemäß FIG 3 durch einen isolierten Steuerleiter 10 ausgefüllt. Der Steuerleiter 10 hat einen annähernd rechteckigen Querschnitt, wobei das Rechteck ein Längen-/Breitenverhältnis von etwa 15 : 1 aufweist. Der Steuerleiter 10 kann als isolierter Massivleiter, insbesondere als Flachleiter, oder ähnlich wie der Hauptleiter 5 aus mehreren radial übereinander liegenden, gegeneinander isolierten Einzelleitern 15 ausgeführt sein (siehe Figur 4). Die Einzelleiter 15 sind elektrisch parallel geschaltet.Between the two
Der Steuerleiter 10 steht hochkant zwischen den beiden Stapeln aus den Einzelleitern 8. Dadurch ist eine enge räumliche Anordnung der Einzelleiter 8 insbesondere gegenüber dem Steuerleiter 10 geschaffen.The
Die parallel und räumlich eng zueinander liegenden Einzelleiter 8 einerseits und der Steuerleiter 10 andererseits bilden infolge ihres geringen räumlichen Abstands voneinander einen Kondensator mit relativ hoher Kapazität.The parallel and spatially closely spaced individual conductors 8 on the one hand and the
Beim Ausführungsbeispiel (siehe Figur 2) erstreckt sich je ein Steuerleiter 10A bzw. 10B in der ersten und zweiten Scheibenspule 4A bzw. 4B über alle fünf Windungen, je ein Steuerleiter 10C bzw. 10D in der dritten und vierten Scheibenspule 4C bzw. 4D über je drei Windungen, je ein Steuerleiter 10E bzw. 10F in der fünften und sechsten Scheibenspule 4E bzw. 4F über je 2 Windungen und je ein Steuerleiter 10G bis 10J in der siebten bis zehnten Scheibenspule 4G bis 4J über je eine Windung. Die in der Hochspannungswicklung 1 dann folgenden Scheibenspulen 4K und 4L sind steuerleiterfrei und lediglich mit der Zwischenlage 12 ausgepolstert. In den steuerleiterfreien Windungen der Scheibenspulen 4A bis 4J sind anstelle eines Steuerleiters die Auffüllungen 11C bis 11J vorgesehen.In the exemplary embodiment (see FIG. 2), a respective control conductor 10A or 10B in the first and second disk coil 4A or 4B extends over all five windings, one
Die Steuerleiter 10A - 10J sind jeweils über eine nicht näher dargestellte Anschlussfahne 13A - 13J aus ihrer jeweiligen Scheibenspule 4A - 4J herausgeführt und elektrisch kontaktierbar.The control conductors 10A-10J are in each case brought out of their respective disk coil 4A-4J via a connection lug 13A-13J, not shown in more detail, and can be electrically contacted.
Die Anschlussfahnen 13A bis 13J der Scheibenspulen 4A bis 4J, die über eine Spulenverbindung 6 unmittelbar miteinander verbunden sind, also die Scheibenspulen (4A,4B); 4C, 4D); (4E, 4F); (4G,4H) bzw. (4I, 4J), sind außerhalb der Hochspannungswicklung 1 durch jeweils eine Steuerleiterverbindung 14A bis 14E galvanisch miteinander verbunden. Dadurch sind also die Steuerleiter 10A und 10B bzw. 10C und 10D bzw. 10E und 10F bzw. 10G und 10H bzw. 10I und 10J elektrisch in Reihe geschaltet.The terminal lugs 13A to 13J of the disk coils 4A to 4J, which are directly connected to each other via a
Dadurch, dass sich die Steuerleiter 10A bis 10J, wie oben beschrieben, über unterschiedliche Windungszahlen erstrecken, sind die Längskapazitäten der Scheibenspulen 4A bis 4 J entsprechend unterschiedlich. Dabei ist die jeweilige Längskapazität der Scheibenspulen 4A und 4B ist am höchsten und die jeweilige Längskapazität der Scheibenspulen 4B bis 4J ist am niedrigsten. Mit anderen Worten: Vom Anschluss 2 aus entlang des Hauptleiters 5 in die Hochspannungswicklung 1 gehend, sinkt die Längskapazität ab. Dadurch werden insbesondere hochfrequente Spannungsstöße, mit denen der Anschluss 2 beaufschlagt wird, so in die Hochspannungswicklung 1 eingeleitet, daß der Spannungsabfall auf viele Windungen verteilt ist. Durch die absinkende Längskapazität wird im Idealfall - abhängig vor allem von der Frequenz des Spannungsstoßes - eine annähernd gleichmäßige Verteilung eines auftreffenden Spannungsstoßes auf die Hochspannungswicklung 1 erzwungen ist.Characterized in that the control conductors 10A to 10J, as described above, extend over different numbers of turns, the longitudinal capacitances of the disk coils 4A to 4 J are correspondingly different. In this case, the respective longitudinal capacity of the disk coils 4A and 4B is highest and the respective longitudinal capacity of the disk coils 4B to 4J is lowest. In other words, going from the
Je nach den Voraussetzungen, also der Windungszahl je Scheibenspule 4A bis 4L und vor allem der Beschaffenheit sowie dem Aufbau eines mit der Hochspannungswicklung verbundenen Netzes, können auch andere Abstufungen vorteilhaft sein und ggfs. ausgeführt werden.Depending on the requirements, ie the number of turns per disc coil 4A to 4L and above all the nature and structure of a network connected to the high-voltage winding, other gradations may also be advantageous and, if necessary, executed.
Die nicht näher dargestellten Scheibenspulen 4A - 4L, die in der Hochspannungswicklung 1 unterhalb des Abschnitts A gemäß Figur 1 liegen, können mit einem als Drilleiter ausgeführten Hauptleiter ohne einen Steuerleiter und ohne Auffüllung oder Zwischenlage ausgebildet sein.The disk coils 4A - 4L, which are not shown in detail, lying in the high-voltage winding 1 below the section A according to FIG. 1, can be designed with a main conductor designed as a twisted conductor without a control conductor and without filling or intermediate layer.
Claims (9)
- Capacitively controlled high-voltage winding composed of disc coils (4), in particular for high-rating transformers, having a main conductor (5) for the load current, which main conductor (5) is in the form of a transposed conductor and is formed by two stacks (16,17) which are arranged alongside one another, of conductor elements (8) resting flat on one another, and having a control conductor (10), which is galvanic-isolated from the main conductor (5), is physically parallel to it and is in the form of a flat conductor,
characterized in that the control conductor (10) is arranged physically within the main conductor (5) between the two stacks (16,17), and the control conductor (10) is on edge between the two stacks (16,17) of the conductor elements (8) of the main conductor (5). - High-voltage winding according to Claim 1,
characterized in that the control conductor (10) has a rectangular cross section, with a length-to-width ratio of about 15 : 1. - High-voltage winding according to one of Claims 1 or 2,
characterized in that the control conductor (10) is formed from a plurality of individual conductors (15) which are physically parallel and are electrically isolated from one another. - High-voltage winding according to one of Claims 1 to 3,
characterized in that the overall cross section of the main conductor (5) with the enclosed control conductor (10) is approximately square. - High-voltage winding according to one of Claims 1 to 4,
characterized in that the control conductor (10A) extends over a part of the disc coil (4A), and in that a filling (11) composed of insulating material is provided in the main conductor (5) in the remaining part of the disc coil (4A). - High-voltage winding according to Claim 5,
characterized in that the number of turns which are provided with a control conductor (10A-10J) within a disc coil (4A to 4J) decreases with increasing distance of the disc coil (4A to 4J) from the connection (2) of the high-voltage winding (1). - High-voltage winding according to one of Claims 1 to 6,
characterized in that an intermediate layer (12) is arranged between the two stacks (16,17) of conductor elements (8) which form the main conductor (5) in disc coils (4K,4L) which have no control conductor, and the cross section of this intermediate layer (12) corresponds to the control conductor (10), including its insulation. - High-voltage winding according to one of Claims 1 to 7,
characterized in that a connecting lug (13A) of the control conductor (10A) is passed out from the outermost turn of a disc coil (4A) which has a control conductor (10A). - High-voltage winding according to one of Claims 1 to 8,
characterized in that the connecting lugs (13A, 13B) of adjacent disc coils (4A,4B) whose radially inner main conductor turns are connected by means of a coil connection (6) are each DC-coupled to one another via a control conductor connection (14A).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19926540A DE19926540C1 (en) | 1999-06-10 | 1999-06-10 | Capacitatively controlled high voltage winding |
| DE19926540 | 1999-06-10 | ||
| PCT/DE2000/001920 WO2000077800A1 (en) | 1999-06-10 | 2000-06-09 | Capacitively controlled high-voltage winding |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1183696A1 EP1183696A1 (en) | 2002-03-06 |
| EP1183696B1 true EP1183696B1 (en) | 2007-01-03 |
Family
ID=7910840
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP00949084A Expired - Lifetime EP1183696B1 (en) | 1999-06-10 | 2000-06-09 | Capacitively controlled high-voltage winding |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1183696B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1165057C (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE350756T1 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR0011458B1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19926540C1 (en) |
| PT (1) | PT1183696E (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2000077800A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102004013416A1 (en) * | 2004-03-18 | 2005-10-06 | Nexans | Main conductor for a capacitively controlled high voltage winding |
| EP2045898A1 (en) * | 2007-10-04 | 2009-04-08 | Essex Europe SAS | Electric CTC |
| CN106205839A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-07 | 株洲市科达电机技术有限公司 | High frequency lead and preparation method thereof |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1001512A (en) * | 1960-11-24 | 1965-08-18 | English Electric Co Ltd | Improvements in or relating to electric transformers |
| GB1158325A (en) * | 1965-11-09 | 1969-07-16 | English Electric Co Ltd | Improvements in or relating to Windings for Inductive Apparatus. |
| DE1943724A1 (en) * | 1969-01-20 | 1970-07-30 | Transform Roentgen Matern Veb | Drill ladder |
| DE2323304C3 (en) * | 1973-05-09 | 1978-09-07 | Transformatoren Union Ag, 7000 Stuttgart | Step winding for transformers |
| DE2418230C3 (en) * | 1974-04-13 | 1979-09-13 | Transformatoren Union Ag, 7000 Stuttgart | Capacitively controlled high-voltage winding made of disc coils for transformers with high outputs |
| US4489298A (en) * | 1982-03-04 | 1984-12-18 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Insulating structure for magnetic coils |
| DE3629310A1 (en) * | 1986-08-28 | 1988-03-10 | Transformatoren Union Ag | High-current conductor for special transformers |
| DE3907287A1 (en) * | 1989-03-07 | 1990-09-13 | Siemens Ag | Transformer having windings composed of main conductors and additional conductors |
| WO1993006608A1 (en) * | 1991-09-26 | 1993-04-01 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Process for manufacturing coil windings |
-
1999
- 1999-06-10 DE DE19926540A patent/DE19926540C1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-06-09 AT AT00949084T patent/ATE350756T1/en active
- 2000-06-09 PT PT00949084T patent/PT1183696E/en unknown
- 2000-06-09 BR BRPI0011458-8A patent/BR0011458B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-06-09 WO PCT/DE2000/001920 patent/WO2000077800A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2000-06-09 CN CNB008086532A patent/CN1165057C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-06-09 EP EP00949084A patent/EP1183696B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-06-09 DE DE50013938T patent/DE50013938D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR0011458B1 (en) | 2014-12-16 |
| CN1354883A (en) | 2002-06-19 |
| BR0011458A (en) | 2002-03-19 |
| ATE350756T1 (en) | 2007-01-15 |
| DE19926540C1 (en) | 2001-01-11 |
| PT1183696E (en) | 2007-02-28 |
| DE50013938D1 (en) | 2007-02-15 |
| CN1165057C (en) | 2004-09-01 |
| WO2000077800A1 (en) | 2000-12-21 |
| EP1183696A1 (en) | 2002-03-06 |
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