EP1183419B1 - Method and apparatus for preparing paper pulp from used paper - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for preparing paper pulp from used paper Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1183419B1
EP1183419B1 EP00935750A EP00935750A EP1183419B1 EP 1183419 B1 EP1183419 B1 EP 1183419B1 EP 00935750 A EP00935750 A EP 00935750A EP 00935750 A EP00935750 A EP 00935750A EP 1183419 B1 EP1183419 B1 EP 1183419B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drilled plate
periphery
filtration
chamber
pipe
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EP00935750A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1183419A1 (en
Inventor
Eric Haffner
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Finidro Financiamentos Energeticos Ltda
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Finidro Financiamentos Energeticos Ltda
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F1/66—Pulp catching, de-watering, or recovering; Re-use of pulp-water
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21D—TREATMENT OF THE MATERIALS BEFORE PASSING TO THE PAPER-MAKING MACHINE
    • D21D5/00—Purification of the pulp suspension by mechanical means; Apparatus therefor
    • D21D5/02—Straining or screening the pulp
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21D—TREATMENT OF THE MATERIALS BEFORE PASSING TO THE PAPER-MAKING MACHINE
    • D21D5/00—Purification of the pulp suspension by mechanical means; Apparatus therefor
    • D21D5/18—Purification of the pulp suspension by mechanical means; Apparatus therefor with the aid of centrifugal force
    • D21D5/20—Purification of the pulp suspension by mechanical means; Apparatus therefor with the aid of centrifugal force in apparatus with a horizontal axis

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of stationery and more specifically the preparation of pulp from the recycling of waste paper in order to produce paper.
  • Contaminants can take many forms. We find, in particular, metallic particles (staples), sand and gravel, adhesive materials, pieces of plastic ...
  • mineral fillers incorporated into the paper for certain products (magazines, printing and writing papers, etc.).
  • the presence of mineral fillers may be undesirable, in particular for the production of sanitary papers. It is necessary in this case to separate them from the dough.
  • the preparation of pulp with waste paper is the overall process, ranging from the disintegration of waste paper up to the various decontamination stages, possibly the elimination of inks (deinking) and mineral fillers (washing), and which may include one or more two bleaching steps allowing the fibers to regain their initial whiteness.
  • the pulp produced will be used to feed the paper machine.
  • the classic process for preparing pulp from old paper always begins with the disintegration of the papers and the suspension of the fibers, using a pulper (Step A).
  • the pulper is an equipment equipped with a rotor (or turbine), which causes sufficiently strong agitation of the waste paper, mixed with water, so that the bonds between the fibers (hydrogen bonds) break one after the other .
  • a pulp from old paper is thus reconstituted.
  • the dough preparation processes currently in use are a more or less complete combination of the steps previously described, each carried out by different equipment. Between each step, the dough is generally pumped, resulting in high energy consumption. Certain steps require the use of chemicals. It is frequent, and particularly when one wants to produce “white” papers imposing restrictive optical criteria, that the recycling process of old papers is not competitive compared to the use of virgin cellulose.
  • the object of the invention is to replace, in its basic version, several of the devices corresponding to the above-mentioned steps H, J, L, M, or even C, D, E, F, G and I, whatever the type of paper to be produced, also allowing significant savings in energy and chemicals. The recycling of waste paper will thus become more competitive, even for the most demanding applications.
  • the invention also allows a much lower footprint.
  • the invention provides a method according to claim 1 and an apparatus according to claim 2.
  • additional features of the apparatus according to the invention are presented.
  • FIGS 1 to 4 show several practical embodiments of the invention, corresponding to several applications.
  • Figures 5 and 6 show specific details and parts of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 represents a section of a practical embodiment of the invention applied more particularly to sanitary papers (known as “tissue”) in its basic configuration having, in addition to the basic functions, a device for recovering the fibers having passed through through the grid (6) and their recovery by the tube (14) in the center of the device, a two-stage clarification device, and a device for reintegrating the recovered elements (13).
  • tissue sanitary papers
  • FIG. 1 represents a section of a practical embodiment of the invention applied more particularly to sanitary papers (known as “tissue”) in its basic configuration having, in addition to the basic functions, a device for recovering the fibers having passed through through the grid (6) and their recovery by the tube (14) in the center of the device, a two-stage clarification device, and a device for reintegrating the recovered elements (13).
  • FIG. 2 represents a section of a practical embodiment of the invention applied more particularly to sanitary papers having, in addition to the basic functions: a preliminary treatment of the paste by elimination of fine sands and other “heavy” or “light” contaminants In the sedimentation chamber (25) and a slotted filing; a device for recovering fibers having passed through the grid (6) and their concentration in the chamber (33); a device for reintegrating the recovered elements (13).
  • FIG. 3 represents a section of a practical embodiment of the invention applied more particularly to printing, writing and magazine newspapers, having, in addition to the basic functions: a preliminary treatment of the pulp by elimination of fine sands and other contaminants " heavy ”or“ light ”in the sedimentation chamber (25) and a slotted classification; a preclarification device in the chamber (33); a device for reintegrating the recovered elements (13).
  • FIG. 4 represents a section of a practical embodiment of the invention more particularly applied to cardboard papers and packaging papers, having, in addition to the basic functions: a preliminary treatment of the pulp by elimination of fine sands and other contaminants "Heavy” or "light” in the sedimentation chamber (25) and a slotted classification; a preclarification device in the chamber (33) .; a device for reintegrating elements extracted during clarification with dough by deflectors (39).
  • FIG. 5 represents a section of the orifices of the classification grid with hole / slots.
  • Figure 6 corresponds to the braking device of the fibers extracted at the periphery (8) by spiral tubes.
  • the invention For sanitary papers, known as “tissue”, the invention consists, in its basic version, in grouping together the functions of washing, deinking, removing particles of density less than 1, thickening the fibers, d thickening of the suspended matter from the filtrates, clarification of the water and elimination of contaminants of density less than 1.
  • the invention therefore replaces the apparatus corresponding to steps F, H, I, J, L, M of the conventional process for preparing paper pulp.
  • Figures 1 and 2 show, in particular, two practical embodiments of the invention applied to this quality of paper.
  • the present invention consists in grouping, in its basic version, the functions of deinking, fiber thickening, water clarification, and elimination of contaminants with a density less than 1.
  • the invention combines steps F, H, J, L, M and possibly I of the conventional process for preparing paper pulp.
  • FIG. 3 represents, in particular, a practical embodiment of the invention for this application.
  • the present invention consists in combine, in its basic version, the functions of fiber thickening, water clarification, elimination of contaminants with a density less than 1, and possibly long fiber / short fiber fractionation.
  • the invention replaces steps H, J, L, M of the conventional process for preparing paper pulp.
  • Figure 4 is a practical representation of the invention for this application.
  • the invention replaces steps C to E and G of the conventional process for preparing paper pulp.
  • the proposed device consists of a body (1) rotating at high speed integrally driving all of the internal components of the device.
  • the body of the device is driven by a motor not shown in the figures.
  • Step A Beforehand the old paper must be disintegrated via a pulper (Step A), and undergo a coarse decontamination (Step B). In its basic version ( Figure 1) the dough must still undergo Steps C, D and E of the conventional process before introduction into the device.
  • the dough thus previously treated and free of the most important contaminants is introduced along the axis of the device, through a central duct (2).
  • the fins (3) allow the dough to be rotated at the same angular speed as the device. All the incoming and outgoing conduits (2), (12), (13), (14), (21), (22) and (37) are connected to mechanical seals, not shown in the figures, allowing d '' ensure a tight connection with fixed conduits.
  • the speed of rotation of the device is such that at its periphery the bodies are subjected to an artificial gravity field which can exceed 1000 times the Earth's gravity.
  • the dough has already undergone steps A to E of the conventional process and contains only small contaminants (generally less than 0.5 mm in diameter).
  • the paste to be treated is conveyed (4) along a grid with small holes (6), the majority of the water passing through the grid while the fibers are retained because of the small diameter of the holes.
  • the fibers are entrained, due to a density greater than 1, and under the effect of the artificial gravity field linked to the rotation of the device, towards the periphery of the device and end up in the dough concentration chamber (7).
  • the extraction taking place at high speed the braking of the dough can be ensured by circular tubes (44) arranged in a spiral pattern (FIG. 6).
  • the dough extracted around the device joins the deceleration rings whose dimensions are determined according to the maximum acceptable speed.
  • the filtrates and the water, having passed through the holes in the grid (6), are intended for different treatments depending on the applications.
  • one of the objectives of the invention is to recover the fibers and fines (fragments of fibers) which have passed through the grid (6). It also involves eliminating inks and mineral fillers from the water in order to reuse it in order to close the water circuits as much as possible and reduce the consumption of fresh water. Unclarified water is first treated immediately after passing through the grid. This involves recovering the fibers, which are also among the heaviest and largest elements of the filtrates in question.
  • the first solution represented in FIG. 1, consists in bringing back the cellulosic elements to be recovered towards the axis of the apparatus. Unclarified water is routed through line (9). The suction speed of the pipe (9) towards the feed zone (15) of the clarification zone (16) is not sufficient to entrain the fibers and the other heavier bodies, which thus sediment at the periphery of zone (5). These bodies are recovered by a pipe (10) which routes them towards the axis of the device. The section of this pipe is studied so as to allow a speed of the current greater than the speed of sedimentation of the fibers.
  • an opening (11) which communicates with the concentration chamber (19) of the solid elements separated from the waters to be clarified makes it possible to avoid the formation of deposits.
  • This opening may be crossed by a counter current of water supplied by a pipe (12). The flow of this water would be adapted so that the speed of the current which passes through the opening is greater than the speed of sedimentation of the fibers, while the denser elements, which manage to go up the current taking into account their higher sedimentation rate, are collected in the concentration chamber (19) before being extracted by the nozzles (20).
  • the recovered fibers, routed through the pipes (10) and extracted through the center of the apparatus by the tube (14), are optionally treated by conventional deinking means before being reintegrated into the pulp in the apparatus.
  • the second solution for separating the fibers to treat them and then recover them consists in extracting them from the periphery of the device.
  • Figure 2 shows a representation of this configuration. This involves including a sedimentation zone (33) at the periphery of the zone (9) and downstream of the grid (6) where the fibrous elements which have sedimented are concentrated under the effect of the artificial gravity field caused by the rapid rotation of the device. These elements can then be evacuated through the periphery of the device by the nozzles (34). The waters to be clarified pass directly from the zone (33) to the clarification zone (16).
  • the fibers extracted by one of the two means envisaged are previously treated, if necessary, and can be reintegrated in the device.
  • This reintegration is carried out by a pipe (13) and allowing the routing of the fibers and other elements to be integrated at the periphery of the apparatus at the points of introduction (13b) in the area (4).
  • This location on the periphery, close to the pulp concentration zone (7), makes it possible to limit the losses of fibers and other reintegrated elements, the only desired function being the thickening of the pulp and reintegrated elements.
  • the filtration grid (6) may, for diameters greater than the reintroduction point (13b), have smaller holes in order to limit the passage through the grid of the reintegrated elements.
  • the grid (6) will also have a fractionation function, that is to say classification between long fibers and fibers short, the long fibers being retained by the grid while the short fibers pass through.
  • the size of the holes will be studied as a function of the desired fractionation effect.
  • the water and the elements having passed through the grid (6) will be collected in the chamber (9) and led to the clarification zone (16) consists of cones close to each other, which may be in plastic or composite material with a density close to 1.
  • the water to be treated, framed by the separation cones, is directed from the periphery towards the axis of the device.
  • the particles, of different density of water, under the effect of the artificial gravity field, have a radial speed different from water and meet the area of the nearest separation cone. Due to the friction between the water and the cones, the speed of the water in the immediate vicinity of the cones is very low, which will facilitate the migration of particles along the conical surfaces.
  • the particles captured by the cones will have a higher migration speed than the speed of the water in the immediate vicinity of the cones. Once they have reached a cone, the particles of density greater than 1 thus progressively rise along the surface of the cone. The water passes to the center of the device where it is discharged through the tube (21).
  • each cone may be extended by evacuation channels (17) which allow the solids captured by the cones to continue their way towards the periphery in the middle of the stream of unclarified water at the inlet clarification.
  • evacuation channels (17) which allow the solids captured by the cones to continue their way towards the periphery in the middle of the stream of unclarified water at the inlet clarification.
  • These channels shown in FIG. 2, communicate themselves with the solids evacuation pipe (18), before joining the concentration chamber (19) and being expelled from the device by the nozzles (20) .
  • These nozzles (20) have a permanent or sequential opening depending on the case and the applications.
  • the invention may be provided with a clarification in 2 time, when the water passes successively through a preclarification zone (33) and then into a final clarification zone (16), the two zones operating in series.
  • Figures 2, 3 and 4 show this application.
  • the preclarification zone (33) is intended to eliminate the most important particles, which in their movement are liable to create micro-turbulences which disturb the sedimentation of the finest particles.
  • the final clarification zone (16) with very close separation plates, allows sedimentation of the finest elements according to the principle already presented. Items that are separated during the pre-clarification by sedimentation in the chamber (33) are led to the periphery of the device where they are evacuated to the periphery of the device.
  • the invention will allow all or part of the elements which have been separated during clarification to be reintegrated directly into the dough.
  • Figure 4 illustrates such an application.
  • Inclined deflectors (39) make it possible to divert a part of the elements which have sedimented in the sedimentation chamber (33) towards the pulp concentration chamber (7).
  • the opening of these deflectors (39) can be fixed or adjustable in order to allow mixing in desired proportions between the fibers and the reintegrated elements, in particular the fillers.
  • a more complete version of the invention will include the function described by step G, that is to say the elimination of fine sands as well as numerous contaminants.
  • the dough is introduced into a chamber (25). Contaminants with a density less than 1 are attracted towards the axis of the device and discharged through the orifices (22b) connected to the tube (22).
  • the conduit (27) is provided with orifices allowing the separation then the extraction of the contaminants of density greater than 1 which have a speed sedimentation higher than that of fibers. These elements sediment and are separated by the orifices (30) and extracted from the device by the nozzles (38).
  • the conduit (27) will have a suitable inclination and section to avoid the sedimentation of the fibers and the passage of the latter in the orifices (30). To increase the horizontal speed of the fibers and limit the risk of sedimentation, the conduit (27) will be supplied with water extracted in the central part of the chamber (25).
  • a more complete version of the invention consists in adding a classification with slots and / or holes. It is then a question of carrying out steps B to E of the conventional process.
  • This classification is carried out by a grid will preferably be conical (23).
  • the grid (23) will be upstream of the grid (6) ( Figures 2, 3 and 4).
  • the dough is introduced by the axis of the device around the grid (23) according to the same principle as the filtration grid (6).
  • the fibers pass through the slits (or holes), given their small diameter, while certain contaminants are retained.
  • the water having passed through the slits (23), carrying with it the fibers in suspension, is conveyed towards the axis of the apparatus through a conduit (24) towards the zone (4), the cross section of which is studied so to impose a sufficient speed on the fluid to prevent too rapid sedimentation of the fibers towards the periphery of the device.
  • an opening at the most peripheral part of the duct (24) will allow the evacuation of the heaviest elements by sedimentation.
  • This opening may be crossed by a counter current of clear water, the flow rate of which would be adjusted so that the speed of this counter current is greater than the sedimentation rate of the longest fibers and less than that of the contaminants to be separated.
  • the slit grid has the drawback of constituting a limit on the capacity of the device.
  • the open area of the grid can be very small and prevent the flow of flow authorized by all the other functions.
  • the peripheral arrangement of these openings makes it possible to limit the entrainment of fibers, since these have already passed through slots (23). Contaminants at the opening have a density greater than 1. The objective is that these contaminants are not entrained. before the water diverted through the openings (29).
  • the openings will be arranged slightly behind the path traveled by the contaminants on the one hand, and will have a funnel shape allowing possible contaminants near the opening (29) to settle towards the periphery without be driven by the openings (29).
  • the diverted water will then be routed directly to the clarification area. Any contaminant having nevertheless used these conduits will not pose any problem. It will however be possible, by adding a water separation device, not shown in the figures, to conduct the water diverted through the conduit (29) upstream of the filtration grid (6) in order to improve the washing effect.
  • the classification grids (23) will have a suitable shape, in order to improve their efficiency.
  • the conical shape of the grid with slits or holes makes it possible to facilitate contact with the fibers and their passage through the grid.
  • the angle of the cone will be studied in order to facilitate the passage of the fibers.
  • this conical shape also has the consequence of concentrating the contaminants of density greater than 1 on the grid.
  • the grid is provided, for most applications using relatively contaminated materials, with "stepped" angle breaks (28).
  • Figures 2, 3 and 4 show such a grid (23) with the stairs (28).
  • the angle break makes it possible to remove the contaminants from the grid so that they gain speed before meeting the grid again. This device will therefore facilitate their sedimentation towards the periphery of the grid. This angle break will also facilitate the passage of the fibers by regularly breaking the fiber mat which forms on the surface of the grid.
  • the orifices have a radial direction.
  • the inlet of the orifices is conical (40), the cones of the adjacent orifices will meet, so that there is no flat surface between two cones.
  • the objective is to concentrate the fibers at the entrance of the orifices, and to orient them parallel to the orifices, the average length of the fibers being much greater than the width of the orifices.
  • the section of the orifices increases (42) in order to prevent them from clogging.
  • Figure 5 shows schematically two holes in profile showing these different arrangements.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a method and an equipment for combining in one single apparatus, the functions for filtering, decontaminating, and thickening paper pulp from used paper, while providing the complementary function of clarifying the filtrates. The apparatus (1) rotates at high speed. The paper pulp is introduced through the center of the apparatus (2) and driven at its angular speed. The pulp is then brought along a grate (6) with small size holes for separating the fibers from the greater part of the water. The thickened pulp is evacuated through extraction nozzles (8). The water is clarified in the clarification zone (12) and recycled or eliminated depending on uses. More complete embodiments of the apparatus include the functions of fractionating, de-inking and purifying the pulp with slots or holes.

Description

La présente invention concerne le domaine de la papeterie et plus spécifiquement la préparation de pâte à partir du recyclage des vieux papiers afin de produire du papier.The present invention relates to the field of stationery and more specifically the preparation of pulp from the recycling of waste paper in order to produce paper.

Pour la fabrication de pâte à partir de vieux papiers, il est nécessaire de remettre les fibres de cellulose en suspension et d'éliminer les éléments étrangers indésirables, dits contaminants, opération appelée décontamination. Les contaminants peuvent prendre des formes diverses. On retrouve, en particulier, des particules métalliques (agrafes), des sables et graviers, des matières adhésives, des morceaux de plastique...To make pulp from old paper, it is necessary to resuspend the cellulose fibers and to eliminate unwanted foreign elements, called contaminants, an operation called decontamination. Contaminants can take many forms. We find, in particular, metallic particles (staples), sand and gravel, adhesive materials, pieces of plastic ...

On retrouve aussi des encres, qu'il sera important d'enlever pour certaines productions, notamment les papiers dits «blancs», destinés à l'impression, à l'écriture ou à des usages sanitaires (« tissue »).We also find inks, which it will be important to remove for certain productions, in particular the so-called “white” papers, intended for printing, writing or for sanitary uses (“tissue”).

En plus des contaminants déjà évoqués, on retrouve aussi des charges minérales, incorporées au papier pour certaines fabrications (magazines, papiers d'impression écriture ... ). La présence de charges minérales peut être indésirable, en particulier, pour la production de papiers sanitaires. Il est nécessaire dans ce cas de les séparer de la pâte.In addition to the contaminants already mentioned, there are also mineral fillers, incorporated into the paper for certain products (magazines, printing and writing papers, etc.). The presence of mineral fillers may be undesirable, in particular for the production of sanitary papers. It is necessary in this case to separate them from the dough.

La préparation de pâte avec des vieux papiers est le procédé global, allant de la désintégration des vieux papiers jusqu'au différentes étapes de décontamination, éventuellement l'élimination des encres (désencrage) et des charges minérales (lavage), et pouvant inclure une ou deux étapes de blanchiment permettant aux fibres de retrouver leur blancheur initiale. La pâte produite servira à alimenter la machine à papier.The preparation of pulp with waste paper is the overall process, ranging from the disintegration of waste paper up to the various decontamination stages, possibly the elimination of inks (deinking) and mineral fillers (washing), and which may include one or more two bleaching steps allowing the fibers to regain their initial whiteness. The pulp produced will be used to feed the paper machine.

La préparation de pâte pour les cartons d'emballage est beaucoup moins contraignante en terme de décontamination.Preparing dough for packaging cartons is much less restrictive in terms of decontamination.

Le procédé classique de préparation de pâte à partir de vieux papiers commence toujours par la désintégration des papiers et la mise en suspension des fibres, par l'intermédiaire d'un pulpeur (Etape A). Le pulpeur est un équipement doté d'un rotor (ou turbine), qui provoque une agitation suffisamment forte des vieux papiers, mélangés à de l'eau, pour que les liaisons entre les fibres (liaisons hydrogènes) se rompent les unes après les autres. Une pâte à papier à partir de vieux papiers, est ainsi reconstituée.The classic process for preparing pulp from old paper always begins with the disintegration of the papers and the suspension of the fibers, using a pulper (Step A). The pulper is an equipment equipped with a rotor (or turbine), which causes sufficiently strong agitation of the waste paper, mixed with water, so that the bonds between the fibers (hydrogen bonds) break one after the other . A pulp from old paper is thus reconstituted.

On retrouvera ensuite, selon la qualité de la pâte finale que l'on veut obtenir :

  • Etape B : Une décontamination grossière. Il s'agit d'éliminer par tamisage, les éléments les plus grossiers, et en particulier les plastiques.
  • Etape C : L'élimination, par hydrocyclone, des grosses particules lourdes : les gros sables, morceaux de verre, et particules métalliques telles que des agrafes.
  • Etape D : L'élimination des petits plastiques et autres contaminants de taille intermédiaire par un tamisage à trous (ou épuration à trous) en deux ou trois étages, consistant à faire passer la pâte dans de petits trous (entre 1 et 3 mm) et à retenir les contaminants de taille supérieure à celle des trous.
  • Etape E : L'élimination de petits contaminants, essentiellement d'aspect granuleux (par opposition aux contaminants plats) par une épuration à fentes (entre 0,1 et 0,3 mm), fonctionnant selon le même principe que l'épuration à trous. Les trous sont remplacés par des fentes, où les fibres, compte tenu de leur faible diamètre, parviennent à passer.
  • Etape F : Pour les papiers dits «blancs», l'élimination des encres par une ou plusieurs cellules de flottation. Les encres sont séparées à l'aide de petites bulles d'air avec l'aide éventuelle d'un savon ou d'un surfactant.
  • Etape G : L'élimination des sables fins et gros points noirs (petits contaminants lourds) par des batteries en plusieurs étages d'hydrocyclones.
  • Etape H : Dans certains cas, l'élimination des petits contaminants de densité inférieure à 1 par hydrocyclone.
  • Etape I : Plus particulièrement pour les papiers tissue, l'élimination des charges minérales par un lavage de la pâte. L'essentiel de l'eau est évacué, entraînant avec elle la majorité des charges.
  • Etape J : Epaississement de la pâte, afin d'en faciliter le stockage avant la machine à papier ou de préparer la pâte à une dispersion à chaud ou à un raffinage.
  • Etape K : Dans certains cas, dispersion des contaminants résiduels, par un disperseur ou triturateur, de manière à rendre ces contaminants non visibles à l'oeil. Dans d'autres cas, transformation des propriétés mécaniques de la pâte par un raffineur.
We will then find, depending on the quality of the final dough that we want to obtain:
  • Step B: Coarse decontamination. It involves eliminating by sieving the coarsest elements, and in particular plastics.
  • Step C: The elimination, by hydrocyclone, of large heavy particles: large sands, pieces of glass, and metallic particles such as staples.
  • Stage D: The elimination of small plastics and other medium-sized contaminants by a sieving with holes (or purification with holes) in two or three stages, consisting in passing the dough through small holes (between 1 and 3 mm) and to retain contaminants larger than that of the holes.
  • Step E: The elimination of small contaminants, essentially of grainy appearance (as opposed to flat contaminants) by a slit treatment (between 0.1 and 0.3 mm), operating on the same principle as the hole treatment . The holes are replaced by slots, where the fibers, given their small diameter, manage to pass.
  • Step F: For so-called “white” papers, elimination of the inks by one or more flotation cells. The inks are separated using small air bubbles with the possible help of a soap or a surfactant.
  • Stage G: The elimination of fine sands and large black dots (small heavy contaminants) by batteries in several stages of hydrocyclones.
  • Step H: In some cases, the removal of small contaminants of density less than 1 by hydrocyclone.
  • Step I: More particularly for tissue papers, the elimination of mineral fillers by washing the pulp. Most of the water is discharged, carrying with it the majority of the charges.
  • Step J: Thickening of the pulp, to facilitate storage before the paper machine or to prepare the pulp for hot dispersion or refining.
  • Step K: In certain cases, dispersion of the residual contaminants, by a disperser or triturator, so as to make these contaminants not visible to the eye. In other cases, transformation of the mechanical properties of the dough by a refiner.

Dans de nombreux cas, redilution et reprise d'une ou plusieurs des étapes précédemment décrites. On pariera alors de deuxième boucle, voire de troisième boucle si après la deuxième boucle, on reprend de nouveau une ou plusieurs étapes.

  • Etape L : Clarification des filtrats par un microflotateur à air dissous. La matière en suspension est rassemblée en flocs puis flottée à la surface à l'aide de microbulles d'air et de polymères (floculants et coagulants).
  • Etape M : Epaississement des matières solides extraites lors de l'Etape L.
  • Etape N : Traitement des eaux résiduaires par une station d'épuration.
  • Etape O : Blanchiment des fibres pour certaines applications.
In many cases, redilution and resumption of one or more of the steps previously described. We will then bet on a second loop, or even a third loop if after the second loop, we resume again one or more stages.
  • Step L: Clarification of the filtrates by a dissolved air microflotator. The suspended matter is collected in flocs and then floated on the surface using microbubbles of air and polymers (flocculants and coagulants).
  • Stage M: Thickening of the solids extracted during Stage L.
  • Step N: Treatment of waste water by a treatment plant.
  • Step O: Bleaching of fibers for certain applications.

Les procédés de préparation de pâte actuellement en service sont une combinaison plus, ou moins complète des étapes précédemment décrites, chacune réalisée par un équipement différent. Entre chaque étape, la pâte est généralement pompée, entraînant une forte consommation d'énergie. Certaines étapes nécessitent l'emploi de produits chimiques. Il est fréquent, et particulièrement lorsque l'on veut produire des papiers «blancs» imposant des critères optiques restrictifs, que le procédé de recyclage de vieux papiers ne soit pas compétitif par rapport à l'utilisation de cellulose vierge.The dough preparation processes currently in use are a more or less complete combination of the steps previously described, each carried out by different equipment. Between each step, the dough is generally pumped, resulting in high energy consumption. Certain steps require the use of chemicals. It is frequent, and particularly when one wants to produce “white” papers imposing restrictive optical criteria, that the recycling process of old papers is not competitive compared to the use of virgin cellulose.

L'invention a pour objet de se substituer, dans sa version de base, à plusieurs des équipements correspondant aux Etapes précédemment citées H, J, L, M, voire C, D, E, F, G et I, quel que soit le type de papier à produire, permettant aussi une économie importante d'énergie et de produits chimiques. Le recyclage des vieux papiers deviendra ainsi plus compétitif, y compris pour les applications les plus exigeantes. L'invention permet en outre une emprise au sol très inférieure.The object of the invention is to replace, in its basic version, several of the devices corresponding to the above-mentioned steps H, J, L, M, or even C, D, E, F, G and I, whatever the type of paper to be produced, also allowing significant savings in energy and chemicals. The recycling of waste paper will thus become more competitive, even for the most demanding applications. The invention also allows a much lower footprint.

Pour ce faire, l'invention propose un procédé selon la revendication 1 et un appareil selon la revendication 2. Dans les revendications dépendantes des caractéristiques additionnelles de l'appareil selon l'invention sont présentées.To do this, the invention provides a method according to claim 1 and an apparatus according to claim 2. In the dependent claims additional features of the apparatus according to the invention are presented.

Brève description des figures :Brief description of the figures:

L'invention est représentée par 6 figures, correspondant aux principales applications et montrant les principales variantes exposées dans la description. La numérotation correspond aux renvois figurant dans les textes. Tous les figures sont présentées à titre indicatif et sans intention limitative.The invention is represented by 6 figures, corresponding to the main applications and showing the main variants exposed in the description. The numbering corresponds to the references appearing in the texts. All figures are presented for information only and are not intended to be limiting.

Les figures 1 à 4 représentent plusieurs réalisations pratiques de l'invention, correspondant à plusieurs applications. Les figures 5 et 6 représentent des détails et parties spécifiques de l'invention.Figures 1 to 4 show several practical embodiments of the invention, corresponding to several applications. Figures 5 and 6 show specific details and parts of the invention.

La figure 1 représente une coupe d'une réalisation pratique de l'invention appliquée plus particulièrement aux papiers sanitaires (dits «tissue») dans sa configuration de base ayant, en plus des fonctions de base, un dispositif de récupération des fibres ayant transité à travers la grille (6) et leur récupération par le tube (14) au centre de l'appareil, un dispositif de clarification en deux étapes, et un dispositif de réintégration des éléments récupérés (13).FIG. 1 represents a section of a practical embodiment of the invention applied more particularly to sanitary papers (known as “tissue”) in its basic configuration having, in addition to the basic functions, a device for recovering the fibers having passed through through the grid (6) and their recovery by the tube (14) in the center of the device, a two-stage clarification device, and a device for reintegrating the recovered elements (13).

La figure 2 représente une coupe d'une réalisation pratique de l'invention appliquée plus particulièrement aux papiers sanitaires ayant, en plus des fonctions de base : un traitement préalable de la pâte par étimination des sables fins et autres contaminants « lourds » ou « légers » dans la chambre de sédimentation (25) et un classage à fentes ; un dispositif de récupération des fibres ayant transité à travers la grille (6) et leur concentration dans la chambre (33) ; un dispositif de réintégration des éléments récupérés (13).FIG. 2 represents a section of a practical embodiment of the invention applied more particularly to sanitary papers having, in addition to the basic functions: a preliminary treatment of the paste by elimination of fine sands and other “heavy” or “light” contaminants In the sedimentation chamber (25) and a slotted filing; a device for recovering fibers having passed through the grid (6) and their concentration in the chamber (33); a device for reintegrating the recovered elements (13).

La figure 3 représente une coupe d'une réalisation pratique de l'invention appliquée plus particulièrement aux papiers impression écriture et journaux magazine, ayant, en plus des fonctions de base : un traitement préalable de la pâte par élimination des sables fins et autres contaminants « lourds » ou « légers » dans la chambre de sédimentation (25) et un classage à fentes ; un dispositif de préclarification dans la chambre (33) ; un dispositif de réintégration des éléments récupérés (13).FIG. 3 represents a section of a practical embodiment of the invention applied more particularly to printing, writing and magazine newspapers, having, in addition to the basic functions: a preliminary treatment of the pulp by elimination of fine sands and other contaminants " heavy ”or“ light ”in the sedimentation chamber (25) and a slotted classification; a preclarification device in the chamber (33); a device for reintegrating the recovered elements (13).

La figure 4 représente une coupe d'une réalisation pratique de l'invention plus particulièrement appliquée aux papiers cartons et papiers d'emballage, ayant, en plus des fonctions de base : un traitement préalable de la pâte par élimination des sables fins et autres contaminants « lourds » ou « légers » dans la chambre de sédimentation (25) et un classage à fentes ; un dispositif de préclarification dans la chambre (33).; un dispositif de réintégration d'éléments extraits lors de la clarification à la pâte par des déflecteurs (39).FIG. 4 represents a section of a practical embodiment of the invention more particularly applied to cardboard papers and packaging papers, having, in addition to the basic functions: a preliminary treatment of the pulp by elimination of fine sands and other contaminants "Heavy" or "light" in the sedimentation chamber (25) and a slotted classification; a preclarification device in the chamber (33) .; a device for reintegrating elements extracted during clarification with dough by deflectors (39).

La figure 5 représente une coupe des orifices de la grille de classage à trou/fentes.FIG. 5 represents a section of the orifices of the classification grid with hole / slots.

La figure 6 correspond au dispositif de freinage des fibres extraites en périphérie (8) par des tubes en colimaçon.Figure 6 corresponds to the braking device of the fibers extracted at the periphery (8) by spiral tubes.

Pour les papiers sanitaires, dits «tissue», l'invention consiste, dans sa version de base, à regrouper les fonctions, de lavage, de désencrage, d'élimination des particules de densité inférieure à 1, d'épaississement des fibres, d'épaississement de la matière en suspension issue des filtrats, de clarification de l'eau et d'élimination des contaminants de densité inférieure à 1. L'invention se substitue donc aux appareils correspondant aux étapes F, H, I, J, L, M du procédé classique de préparation de pâte à papier. Les figures 1 et 2 représentent, en particulier, deux réalisations pratiques de l'invention appliquées pour cette qualité de papier.For sanitary papers, known as “tissue”, the invention consists, in its basic version, in grouping together the functions of washing, deinking, removing particles of density less than 1, thickening the fibers, d thickening of the suspended matter from the filtrates, clarification of the water and elimination of contaminants of density less than 1. The invention therefore replaces the apparatus corresponding to steps F, H, I, J, L, M of the conventional process for preparing paper pulp. Figures 1 and 2 show, in particular, two practical embodiments of the invention applied to this quality of paper.

Pour les papiers impression écriture et journaux magazine, la présente invention consiste à regrouper, dans sa version de base, les fonctions de désencrage, d'épaississement des fibres, de clarification des eaux, et d'élimination des contaminants de densité inférieure à 1. L'invention regroupe les étapes F, H, J, L, M et éventuellement I du procédé classique de préparation de la pâte à papier. La figure 3 représente, en particulier, une réalisation pratique de l'invention pour cette application.For printing, writing and magazine papers, the present invention consists in grouping, in its basic version, the functions of deinking, fiber thickening, water clarification, and elimination of contaminants with a density less than 1. The invention combines steps F, H, J, L, M and possibly I of the conventional process for preparing paper pulp. FIG. 3 represents, in particular, a practical embodiment of the invention for this application.

Pour les productions de papiers et cartons d'emballage, utilisant plus particulièrement des fibres non blanchies, la présente invention consiste à regrouper, dans sa version de base, les fonctions d'épaississement des fibres, de clarification des eaux, d'élimination des contaminants d'une densité inférieure à 1, et éventuellement de fractionnement fibres longues/fibres courtes. L'invention se substitue aux étapes H, J, L, M du procédé classique de préparation de pâte à papier. La figure 4 est une représentation pratique de l'invention pour cette application.For the production of packaging paper and cardboard, more particularly using unbleached fibers, the present invention consists in combine, in its basic version, the functions of fiber thickening, water clarification, elimination of contaminants with a density less than 1, and possibly long fiber / short fiber fractionation. The invention replaces steps H, J, L, M of the conventional process for preparing paper pulp. Figure 4 is a practical representation of the invention for this application.

Dans une version plus complète et quelles que soient les applications, l'invention se substitue aux étapes C à E et G du procédé classique de préparation de pâte à papier.In a more complete version and whatever the applications, the invention replaces steps C to E and G of the conventional process for preparing paper pulp.

L'appareil proposé est constitué d'un corps (1) tournant à grande vitesse entraînant de façon solidaire l'ensemble des constituants internes de l'appareil. Le corps de l'appareil est entraîné par un moteur non représenté sur les figures.The proposed device consists of a body (1) rotating at high speed integrally driving all of the internal components of the device. The body of the device is driven by a motor not shown in the figures.

Au préalable les vieux papiers doivent être désintégrés par l'intermédiaire d'un pulpeur (Etape A), et subir une décontamination grossière (Etape B). Dans sa version de base (figure 1) la pâte doit encore subir les Etapes C, D et E du procédé classique avant l'introduction dans l'appareil.Beforehand the old paper must be disintegrated via a pulper (Step A), and undergo a coarse decontamination (Step B). In its basic version (Figure 1) the dough must still undergo Steps C, D and E of the conventional process before introduction into the device.

La pâte ainsi préalablement traitée et débarrassée des contaminants les plus importants est introduite le long de l'axe de l'appareil, par un conduit central (2). Les ailettes (3) permettent à la pâte d'être entraînée en rotation à la même vitesse angulaire que l'appareil. L'ensemble des conduits entrants et sortants (2), (12), (13), (14), (21), (22) et (37) sont reliés à des garnitures mécaniques, non représentées sur les figures, permettant d'assurer une connexion étanche avec des conduits fixes. La vitesse de rotation de l'appareil est telle, qu'en sa périphérie les corps sont soumis à un champ de gravité artificielle pouvant dépasser 1000 fois la gravité terrestre.The dough thus previously treated and free of the most important contaminants is introduced along the axis of the device, through a central duct (2). The fins (3) allow the dough to be rotated at the same angular speed as the device. All the incoming and outgoing conduits (2), (12), (13), (14), (21), (22) and (37) are connected to mechanical seals, not shown in the figures, allowing d '' ensure a tight connection with fixed conduits. The speed of rotation of the device is such that at its periphery the bodies are subjected to an artificial gravity field which can exceed 1000 times the Earth's gravity.

Dans les versions de base (figure 1), la pâte a déjà subit les étapes A à E du procédé classique et ne contient plus que des petits contaminants (en général moins de 0.5 mm de diamètre). La pâte à traiter est acheminée (4) le long d'une grille avec de petits trous (6), la majorité de l'eau traversant la grille tandis que les fibres sont retenues du fait du faible diamètre des trous. Les fibres sont entraînées, du fait d'une densité supérieure à 1, et sous l'effet du champ de gravité artificielle lié à la rotation de l'appareil, vers la périphérie de l'appareil et aboutissent dans la chambre de concentration la pâte (7). Celle-ci se termine par des buses d'extraction (8) à ouverture permanente ou bien séquentielle permettant l'extraction de la pâte à la concentration optimale.In the basic versions (Figure 1), the dough has already undergone steps A to E of the conventional process and contains only small contaminants (generally less than 0.5 mm in diameter). The paste to be treated is conveyed (4) along a grid with small holes (6), the majority of the water passing through the grid while the fibers are retained because of the small diameter of the holes. The fibers are entrained, due to a density greater than 1, and under the effect of the artificial gravity field linked to the rotation of the device, towards the periphery of the device and end up in the dough concentration chamber (7). This ends with extraction nozzles (8) with permanent or sequential opening allowing the extraction of the dough at the optimal concentration.

Afin de ne pas endommager les fibres, l'extraction ayant lieu à grande vitesse, le freinage de la pâte pourra être assuré par des tubes circulaires (44) disposés en colimaçon (figure 6). La pâte extraite en périphérie de l'appareil rejoint les anneaux de décélération dont les dimensions sont déterminées en fonction de la vitesse maximale acceptable.In order not to damage the fibers, the extraction taking place at high speed, the braking of the dough can be ensured by circular tubes (44) arranged in a spiral pattern (FIG. 6). The dough extracted around the device joins the deceleration rings whose dimensions are determined according to the maximum acceptable speed.

Les contaminants de densité inférieure à 1 qui ne transitent pas par la grille (6), migrent vers l'axe de l'appareil compte tenu du champ de gravité artificiel crée par la rotation de l'appareil, où ils sont recueillis et évacués par le conduit (22).Contaminants with a density lower than 1 which do not pass through the grid (6), migrate towards the axis of the device taking into account the artificial gravity field created by the rotation of the device, where they are collected and evacuated by the conduit (22).

Les filtrats et l'eau, ayant transité par les trous de la grille (6), sont destinés à des traitements différents selon les applications.The filtrates and the water, having passed through the holes in the grid (6), are intended for different treatments depending on the applications.

Pour la version plus particulièrement destinée aux applications «tissue» (figures 1 et 2), un des objectifs de l'invention est de récupérer les fibres et fines (fragments de fibres) ayant traversé la grille (6). Il s'agit aussi d'éliminer les encres et charges minérales de l'eau afin de la réutiliser en vue de fermer au maximum les circuits d'eau et réduire la consommation d'eau fraîche. Les eaux non clarifiées sont, en premier lieu, traitées juste après leur passage à travers la grille. Il s'agit de récupérer les fibres, qui comptent aussi parmi les éléments les plus lourds et gros des filtrats en question.For the version more particularly intended for “tissue” applications (FIGS. 1 and 2), one of the objectives of the invention is to recover the fibers and fines (fragments of fibers) which have passed through the grid (6). It also involves eliminating inks and mineral fillers from the water in order to reuse it in order to close the water circuits as much as possible and reduce the consumption of fresh water. Unclarified water is first treated immediately after passing through the grid. This involves recovering the fibers, which are also among the heaviest and largest elements of the filtrates in question.

Afin de récupérer les fibres ayant passé à travers la grille de filtration (6), il existe 2 solutions différentes. La première solution, représentée sur la figure 1, consiste à ramener les éléments cellulosiques à récupérer vers l'axe de l'appareil. L'eau non clarifiée est acheminée par la conduite (9). La vitesse d'aspiration de la conduite (9) vers la zone (15) d'alimentation de la zone de clarification (16) n'est pas suffisante pour entraîner les fibres et les autres corps plus lourds, qui sédimentent ainsi à la périphérie de la zone (5). Ces corps sont récupérés par une conduite (10) qui les achemine vers l'axe de l'appareil. La section de cette conduite est étudiée de manière à permettre une vitesse du courant supérieure à la vitesse de sédimentation des fibres. Sur la partie la plus en périphérie de la chambre (5), une ouverture (11) qui communique avec la chambre de concentration (19) des éléments solides séparés des eaux à clarifier, permet d'éviter la formation de dépôts. Cette ouverture pourra être traversée par un contre courant d'eau alimenté par une conduite (12). Le débit de cette eau serait adapté de manière à ce que la vitesse du courant qui passe à travers l'ouverture soit supérieure à la vitesse de sédimentation des fibres, tandis que les éléments plus denses, qui parviennent à remonter le courant compte tenu de leur vitesse de sédimentation supérieure, sont recueillis dans la chambre de concentration (19) avant d'être extraits par les buses (20). Les fibres récupérées, acheminées par les conduites (10) et extraites par le centre de l'appareil par le tube (14), sont éventuellement traitées par des moyens classiques de désencrage avant d'être réintégrées à la pâte dans l'appareil.In order to recover the fibers that have passed through the filtration grid (6), there are 2 different solutions. The first solution, represented in FIG. 1, consists in bringing back the cellulosic elements to be recovered towards the axis of the apparatus. Unclarified water is routed through line (9). The suction speed of the pipe (9) towards the feed zone (15) of the clarification zone (16) is not sufficient to entrain the fibers and the other heavier bodies, which thus sediment at the periphery of zone (5). These bodies are recovered by a pipe (10) which routes them towards the axis of the device. The section of this pipe is studied so as to allow a speed of the current greater than the speed of sedimentation of the fibers. On the most periphery part of the chamber (5), an opening (11) which communicates with the concentration chamber (19) of the solid elements separated from the waters to be clarified, makes it possible to avoid the formation of deposits. This opening may be crossed by a counter current of water supplied by a pipe (12). The flow of this water would be adapted so that the speed of the current which passes through the opening is greater than the speed of sedimentation of the fibers, while the denser elements, which manage to go up the current taking into account their higher sedimentation rate, are collected in the concentration chamber (19) before being extracted by the nozzles (20). The recovered fibers, routed through the pipes (10) and extracted through the center of the apparatus by the tube (14), are optionally treated by conventional deinking means before being reintegrated into the pulp in the apparatus.

La seconde solution de séparation des fibres pour les traiter puis les récupérer consiste à les extraire par la périphérie de l'appareil. La figure 2 donne une représentation de cette configuration. Il s'agit d'inclure une zone de sédimentation (33) à la périphérie de la zone (9) et en aval de la grille (6) où se concentrent les éléments fibreux ayant sédimenté sous l'effet du champ de gravité artificiel provoqué par la rotation rapide de l'appareil. Ces éléments peuvent être alors évacués par la périphérie de l'appareil par les buses (34). Les eaux à clarifier transitent directement de la zone (33) vers la zone de clarification (16).The second solution for separating the fibers to treat them and then recover them consists in extracting them from the periphery of the device. Figure 2 shows a representation of this configuration. This involves including a sedimentation zone (33) at the periphery of the zone (9) and downstream of the grid (6) where the fibrous elements which have sedimented are concentrated under the effect of the artificial gravity field caused by the rapid rotation of the device. These elements can then be evacuated through the periphery of the device by the nozzles (34). The waters to be clarified pass directly from the zone (33) to the clarification zone (16).

Les fibres extraites par l'un des deux moyens envisagés sont préalablement traitées, si besoin, et peuvent être réintégrées dans l'appareil. Cette réintégration est réalisée par une conduite (13) et permettant l'acheminement des fibres et autres éléments à intégrer en périphérie de l'appareil aux points d'introduction (13b) dans la zone (4). Cette localisation en périphérie, proche de la zone de concentration de la pâte (7), permet de limiter les pertes en fibres et autres éléments réintégrés, la seule fonction recherchée étant l'épaississement de la pâte et éléments réintégrés. La grille de filtration (6) pourra pour les diamètres supérieurs au point de réintroduction (13b), avoir des trous de plus petite taille afin de limiter le passage a travers la grille des éléments réintégrés.The fibers extracted by one of the two means envisaged are previously treated, if necessary, and can be reintegrated in the device. This reintegration is carried out by a pipe (13) and allowing the routing of the fibers and other elements to be integrated at the periphery of the apparatus at the points of introduction (13b) in the area (4). This location on the periphery, close to the pulp concentration zone (7), makes it possible to limit the losses of fibers and other reintegrated elements, the only desired function being the thickening of the pulp and reintegrated elements. The filtration grid (6) may, for diameters greater than the reintroduction point (13b), have smaller holes in order to limit the passage through the grid of the reintegrated elements.

Pour les autres applications (figures 3 et 4), qu'il s'agisse de papiers impression écriture ou cartons et papiers d'emballage, les eaux séparées des fibres sont, pour la plupart de ces applications, directement acheminées vers la zone de clarification par le conduit (9). En effet, la majorité des éléments solides contenus dans les eaux, charges comprises, et séparés lors de la clarification, pourront être réintégrés à la pâte à papier après un traitement éventuel. Cette réintégration pourra se faire selon un procédé identique à celui décrit précédemment.For the other applications (Figures 3 and 4), whether it is writing printing paper or cardboard and packaging paper, the water separated from the fibers is, for most of these applications, directly conveyed to the clarification zone. through the conduit (9). Indeed, the majority of the solid elements contained in the waters, including charges, and separated during clarification, can be reintegrated with paper pulp after a possible treatment. This reintegration can be done according to a process identical to that described above.

Pour d'autres applications, plus particulièrement destinées à la production de certains papiers et cartons d'emballage nécessitant des propriétés mécaniques spécifiques, la grille (6) aura aussi une fonction de fractionnement, c'est à dire de classage entre fibres longues et fibres courtes, les fibres longues étant retenues par la grille tandis que les fibres courtes passent à travers. Dans cette configuration, la taille des trous sera étudiée en fonction de l'effet de fractionnement recherché.For other applications, more particularly intended for the production of certain packaging paper and cardboard requiring specific mechanical properties, the grid (6) will also have a fractionation function, that is to say classification between long fibers and fibers short, the long fibers being retained by the grid while the short fibers pass through. In this configuration, the size of the holes will be studied as a function of the desired fractionation effect.

Pour toutes les applications, l'eau et les éléments ayant traversé la grille (6) seront recueillis dans la chambre (9) et conduits vers la zone de clarification (16) est constituée de cônes proches les uns des autres, qui pourront être en matière plastique ou composite d'une densité proche de 1. L'eau à traiter, encadrée par les cônes de séparation, est dirigée de la périphérie vers l'axe de l'appareil. Les particules, de densité différente de l'eau, sous l'effet du champ de gravité artificielle, ont une vitesse radiale différente de l'eau et rencontrent la superficie du cône de séparation le plus proche. Du fait des frottements entre l'eau et les cônes, la vitesse de l'eau aux abords immédiats des cônes est très réduite, ce qui facilitera la migration des particules le long des superficies coniques. Les particules captées par les cônes auront une vitesse de migration plus élevée que la vitesse de l'eau aux abords immédiats des cônes. Une fois qu'elles ont atteint un cône, les particules de densité supérieure à 1 remontent ainsi progressivement le long de la surface du cône. L'eau transite vers le centre de l'appareil où elle est évacuée par le tube (21).For all applications, the water and the elements having passed through the grid (6) will be collected in the chamber (9) and led to the clarification zone (16) consists of cones close to each other, which may be in plastic or composite material with a density close to 1. The water to be treated, framed by the separation cones, is directed from the periphery towards the axis of the device. The particles, of different density of water, under the effect of the artificial gravity field, have a radial speed different from water and meet the area of the nearest separation cone. Due to the friction between the water and the cones, the speed of the water in the immediate vicinity of the cones is very low, which will facilitate the migration of particles along the conical surfaces. The particles captured by the cones will have a higher migration speed than the speed of the water in the immediate vicinity of the cones. Once they have reached a cone, the particles of density greater than 1 thus progressively rise along the surface of the cone. The water passes to the center of the device where it is discharged through the tube (21).

L'extrémité en périphérie de chaque cône pourra être prolongée par des canaux d'évacuation (17) qui permettent aux solides captés par les cônes de continuer à leur chemin vers la périphérie au milieu du courant de l'eau non clarifiée à l'admission de la clarification. Ces canaux, représentés sur le figure 2, communiquent eux-mêmes avec le conduit d'évacuation des solides (18), avant de rejoindre la chambre de concentration (19) et d'être expulsés de l'appareil par les buses (20). Ces buses (20) ont une ouverture permanente ou séquentielle selon les cas et les applications.The end at the periphery of each cone may be extended by evacuation channels (17) which allow the solids captured by the cones to continue their way towards the periphery in the middle of the stream of unclarified water at the inlet clarification. These channels, shown in FIG. 2, communicate themselves with the solids evacuation pipe (18), before joining the concentration chamber (19) and being expelled from the device by the nozzles (20) . These nozzles (20) have a permanent or sequential opening depending on the case and the applications.

Un procédé similaire sera utilisé pour séparer et éliminer vers l'axe de l'appareil, grâce à l'action du champ de gravité artificiel, les contaminants de densité inférieure à 1 qui migrent vers le centre de l'appareil où ils sont recueillis par le conduit (37). Dans ce cas, les cônes de la zone de clarification (16) pourront être prolongés par les canaux (36). Cette application est représentée sur le figure 2.A similar process will be used to separate and eliminate towards the axis of the device, thanks to the action of the artificial gravity field, the contaminants of density less than 1 which migrate towards the center of the device where they are collected by the conduit (37). In this case, the cones of the clarification zone (16) can be extended by the channels (36). This application is shown in Figure 2.

Afin d'améliorer la qualité de la clarification des eaux et éviter une saturation des circuits en charges minérales et autres colloïdes liée à un effet de bouclage, particulièrement préjudiciable pour certaines qualités de papiers, l'invention pourra être dotée d'une clarification en 2 temps, où l'eau passe successivement dans une zone de préclarification (33) puis dans une zone de clarification finale (16), les deux zones fonctionnant en série. Sur les figures 2, 3 et 4 sont représentés cette application. La zone de préclarification (33) est destinée à éliminer les particules les plus importantes, qui dans leur déplacement sont susceptibles de créer des micro-turbulences qui perturbent la sédimentation des particules les plus fines. La zone de clarification finale (16), avec des plaques de séparations très rapprochées, permet une sédimentation des éléments les plus fins selon le principe déjà présenté. Les éléments qui sont séparés lors de la préclarification par sédimentation dans la chambre (33) sont conduits vers la périphérie de l'appareil où ils sont évacués à la périphérie de l'appareil.In order to improve the quality of water clarification and avoid saturation of the circuits with mineral fillers and other colloids linked to a looping effect, particularly harmful for certain qualities of paper, the invention may be provided with a clarification in 2 time, when the water passes successively through a preclarification zone (33) and then into a final clarification zone (16), the two zones operating in series. Figures 2, 3 and 4 show this application. The preclarification zone (33) is intended to eliminate the most important particles, which in their movement are liable to create micro-turbulences which disturb the sedimentation of the finest particles. The final clarification zone (16), with very close separation plates, allows sedimentation of the finest elements according to the principle already presented. Items that are separated during the pre-clarification by sedimentation in the chamber (33) are led to the periphery of the device where they are evacuated to the periphery of the device.

Une autre solution pour obtenir une préclarification et une clarification finale est la division de la zone de clarification (16) en deux sous-zones, toutes les deux équipées de cônes de séparation, séparées par une paroi intermédiaire (35), qui permet, une fois la préclarification terminée de conduire l'eau vers la clarification finale. Sur la figure 1 est représentée cette solution.Another solution for obtaining a final clarification and clarification is the division of the clarification zone (16) into two sub-zones, both equipped with separation cones, separated by an intermediate wall (35), which allows, a once preclarification is completed, conduct water to final clarification. In Figure 1 is shown this solution.

Pour certaines applications, et en particulier celles destinées à la production de papiers sanitaires « tissue » (figures 1 et 2), les solides issus de la clarification et éjectés par les buses (20) ne sont pas récupérés par le procédé pour la fabrication du papier, la majorité étant des charges minérales incompatibles avec la fabrication de papiers « tissue ».For certain applications, and in particular those intended for the production of “tissue” sanitary papers (FIGS. 1 and 2), the solids resulting from the clarification and ejected by the nozzles (20) are not recovered by the process for the manufacture of the paper, the majority being mineral fillers incompatible with the manufacture of “tissue” papers.

En revanche, pour la plupart des applications impression écriture, et papiers/cartons d'emballage (figures 3 et 4), une partie au moins de ces solides pourront être réintégrés à la pâte.On the other hand, for most printing, writing and packaging paper / cardboard applications (FIGS. 3 and 4), at least part of these solids can be reintegrated into the pulp.

Pour les applications impression écriture (figure 3), les solides extraits lors de la clarification seront extraits par les buses (20). Il sera éventuellement nécessaire de faire subir à ces corps solides un désencrage par des moyens conventionnels (flottation sélective) avant, éventuellement, de les réintégrer par l'intermédiaire du conduit (13) décrit précédemment.For printing and writing applications (Figure 3), the solids extracted during clarification will be extracted by the nozzles (20). It may be necessary to subject these solid bodies to deinking by conventional means (selective flotation) before, possibly, reintegrating them via the conduit (13) described above.

Pour certaines applications, l'invention permettra de réintégrer directement à la pâte tout ou partie des éléments ayant été séparés lors de la clarification. La figure 4 illustre une telle application. Des déflecteurs inclinés (39) permettent de dériver une partie des éléments ayant sédimenté dans la chambre de sédimentation (33) vers la chambre de concentration de la pâte (7). L'ouverture de ces déflecteurs (39) pouvant être fixe ou réglable afin de permettre un mélange dans des proportions désirées entre les fibres et les éléments réintégrés, en particulier les charges.For certain applications, the invention will allow all or part of the elements which have been separated during clarification to be reintegrated directly into the dough. Figure 4 illustrates such an application. Inclined deflectors (39) make it possible to divert a part of the elements which have sedimented in the sedimentation chamber (33) towards the pulp concentration chamber (7). The opening of these deflectors (39) can be fixed or adjustable in order to allow mixing in desired proportions between the fibers and the reintegrated elements, in particular the fillers.

Une version plus complète de l'invention, représentée sur les figures 2, 3 et 4, comprendra la fonction décrite par l'étape G, c'est à dire l'élimination des sables fins ainsi que de nombreux contaminants. La pâte est introduite dans une chambre (25). Les contaminants de densité inférieure à 1 sont attirés vers l'axe de l'appareil et évacués par les orifices (22b) reliés au tube (22). Les autres éléments solides, fibres comprises, d'une densité supérieure à 1, sédimentent vers la périphérie de l'appareil où ils sont collectés par les orifices (26) localisés à la périphérie de la chambre (25) et dirigés par les conduits (27) vers la phase suivante du procédé. Le conduit (27) est muni d'orifices permettant la séparation puis l'extraction des contaminants de densité supérieure à 1 qui ont une vitesse de sédimentation supérieure à celle des fibres. Ces éléments sédimentent et sont séparés par les orifices (30) et extraits de l'appareil par les buses (38). Le conduit (27) aura une inclinaison et section adaptées pour éviter la sédimentation des fibres et le passage de celle-ci dans les orifices (30). Pour augmenter la vitesse horizontale des fibres et limiter le risque de sédimentation, le conduit (27) sera alimenté par de l'eau extraite dans la partie centrale de la chambre (25).A more complete version of the invention, represented in FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, will include the function described by step G, that is to say the elimination of fine sands as well as numerous contaminants. The dough is introduced into a chamber (25). Contaminants with a density less than 1 are attracted towards the axis of the device and discharged through the orifices (22b) connected to the tube (22). The other solid elements, fibers included, of a density greater than 1, sediment towards the periphery of the apparatus where they are collected by the orifices (26) located at the periphery of the chamber (25) and directed by the conduits ( 27) to the next phase of the process. The conduit (27) is provided with orifices allowing the separation then the extraction of the contaminants of density greater than 1 which have a speed sedimentation higher than that of fibers. These elements sediment and are separated by the orifices (30) and extracted from the device by the nozzles (38). The conduit (27) will have a suitable inclination and section to avoid the sedimentation of the fibers and the passage of the latter in the orifices (30). To increase the horizontal speed of the fibers and limit the risk of sedimentation, the conduit (27) will be supplied with water extracted in the central part of the chamber (25).

Quelles que soient les applications, une version plus complète de l'invention consiste à rajouter un classage à fentes et/ou à trous. Il s'agit alors de réaliser les étapes B à E du procédé classique. Ce classage est réalisé par une grille sera préférentiellement conique (23). La grille (23) sera en amont de la grille (6) (figures 2, 3 et 4). La pâte est introduite par l'axe de l'appareil aux abords de la grille (23) selon le même principe que la grille de filtration (6). Les fibres passent à travers les fentes (ou trous), compte tenu de leur petit diamètre, tandis que certains contaminants sont retenus.Whatever the applications, a more complete version of the invention consists in adding a classification with slots and / or holes. It is then a question of carrying out steps B to E of the conventional process. This classification is carried out by a grid will preferably be conical (23). The grid (23) will be upstream of the grid (6) (Figures 2, 3 and 4). The dough is introduced by the axis of the device around the grid (23) according to the same principle as the filtration grid (6). The fibers pass through the slits (or holes), given their small diameter, while certain contaminants are retained.

Les contaminants de grandes dimensions (qui ne passent pas à travers la grille) et d'une densité supérieure à 1 sédimentent et se concentrent à la périphérie de l'appareil où ils sont extraits par plusieurs buses d'extraction (38). Les contaminants de densité inférieure à 1 migreront vers l'axe de l'appareil et seront extraits par une conduite centrale (22). Toutefois, la présence d'une chambre de séparation (25) en amont comprenant déjà une étape d'élimination des contaminants légers peut rendre inutile, pour beaucoup d'applications, l'élimination des contaminants légers par le centre de l'appareil. Des cycles de contre lavage, permettant de limiter le colmatage des grilles, seront alors suffisants pour éviter les dépôts des contaminants légers dans la partie centrale de l'appareil.Large contaminants (which do not pass through the grid) and with a density greater than 1 sediment and concentrate at the periphery of the device where they are extracted by several extraction nozzles (38). Contaminants with a density of less than 1 will migrate towards the axis of the device and will be extracted through a central pipe (22). However, the presence of an upstream separation chamber (25) already comprising a step for removing light contaminants can make it unnecessary, for many applications, to remove light contaminants through the center of the device. Backwashing cycles, making it possible to limit clogging of the grids, will then be sufficient to avoid deposits of light contaminants in the central part of the device.

L'eau ayant traversé les fentes (23), transportant avec elle les fibres en suspension, est acheminée vers l'axe de l'appareil à travers un conduit (24) vers la zone (4), dont la section est étudiée de manière à imposer une vitesse suffisante au fluide pour empêcher la sédimentation trop rapide des fibres vers la périphérie de l'appareil.The water having passed through the slits (23), carrying with it the fibers in suspension, is conveyed towards the axis of the apparatus through a conduit (24) towards the zone (4), the cross section of which is studied so to impose a sufficient speed on the fluid to prevent too rapid sedimentation of the fibers towards the periphery of the device.

En cas de mise en oeuvre de vieux papiers très contaminés, il est possible de prévoir un dessablage complémentaire et l'élimination de certains contaminants ou encres ayant transité par la grille (23). Dans, une telle configuration, une ouverture (non représentée) à la partie la plus en périphérie du conduit (24) permettra l'évacuation des éléments les plus lourds par sédimentation. Cette ouverture pourra être traversée par un contre courant d'eau claire dont le débit serait ajusté de manière à ce que la vitesse de ce contre courant soit supérieure à la vitesse de sédimentation des fibres les plus longues et inférieure à celle des contaminants à séparer.When using heavily contaminated old paper, it is possible to provide additional sand removal and the elimination of certain contaminants or inks having passed through the grid (23). In such a configuration, an opening (not shown) at the most peripheral part of the duct (24) will allow the evacuation of the heaviest elements by sedimentation. This opening may be crossed by a counter current of clear water, the flow rate of which would be adjusted so that the speed of this counter current is greater than the sedimentation rate of the longest fibers and less than that of the contaminants to be separated.

Dans une version encore plus complète, non représentée sur les figures, il sera possible de rajouter une grille dotée de trous avant la grille à fentes (23), et fonctionnant exactement selon le même principe. Les trous permettent une décontamination complémentaire de la décontamination avec des fentes. Une fois l'étape de décontamination à trous terminée, la pâte est introduite à la base de la grille à fentes (23) selon le procédé précédemment décrit.In an even more complete version, not shown in the figures, it will be possible to add a grid provided with holes before the slot grid (23), and operating exactly according to the same principle. The holes allow additional decontamination of decontamination with slits. Once the hole decontamination step is completed, the paste is introduced at the base of the slotted grid (23) according to the method described above.

Il convient de noter que l'action combinée de la séparation prévue dans la chambre (25) et de la grille à fente (23) permettra pour la plupart des applications d'avoir une pâte de qualité suffisante pour ne pas avoir besoin du passage dans une grille à trou telle que décrite dans le paragraphe précédent.It should be noted that the combined action of the separation provided in the chamber (25) and of the slit grid (23) will allow for most applications to have a dough of sufficient quality to not need the passage in a hole grid as described in the previous paragraph.

La grille à fente présente l'inconvénient de constituer une limite de capacité de l'appareil. La surface ouverte de la grille peut être très réduite et empêcher le passage du débit autorisé par l'ensemble des autres fonctions. Pour remédier à cet inconvénient, il est possible de créer à l'extérieur de la grille une ou plusieurs ouvertures (29) (représentées sur les figures 2, 3 et 4) permettant de dériver une partie importante du débit vers la zone de clarification. La disposition périphérique de ces ouvertures permet de limiter l'entraînement de fibres, puisque celles ci sont déjà passées au travers des fentes (23). Les contaminants se trouvant au niveau de l'ouverture ont une densité supérieure à 1. L'objectif est que ces contaminants ne soient pas entraînés. avant l'eau dérivée par les ouvertures (29).The slit grid has the drawback of constituting a limit on the capacity of the device. The open area of the grid can be very small and prevent the flow of flow authorized by all the other functions. To remedy this drawback, it is possible to create one or more openings (29) (shown in FIGS. 2, 3 and 4) outside the grid, making it possible to divert a large part of the flow towards the clarification zone. The peripheral arrangement of these openings makes it possible to limit the entrainment of fibers, since these have already passed through slots (23). Contaminants at the opening have a density greater than 1. The objective is that these contaminants are not entrained. before the water diverted through the openings (29).

Pour ce faire, les ouvertures seront disposées en léger retrait par rapport au chemin parcouru par les contaminants d'une part, et auront une forme d'entonnoir permettant aux éventuels contaminants à proximité de l'ouverture (29) de sédimenter vers la périphérie sans être entraîné par les ouvertures (29). L'eau dérivée sera alors directement acheminée vers la zone de clarification. Tout contaminant ayant malgré tout emprunté ces conduits ne posera aucun donc problème. Il sera cependant possible, moyennant l'adjonction d'un dispositif de séparation des eaux, non représenté sur les figures, de conduire l'eau dérivée par le conduit (29) en amont de la grille de filtration (6) afin d'améliorer l'effet de lavage.To do this, the openings will be arranged slightly behind the path traveled by the contaminants on the one hand, and will have a funnel shape allowing possible contaminants near the opening (29) to settle towards the periphery without be driven by the openings (29). The diverted water will then be routed directly to the clarification area. Any contaminant having nevertheless used these conduits will not pose any problem. It will however be possible, by adding a water separation device, not shown in the figures, to conduct the water diverted through the conduit (29) upstream of the filtration grid (6) in order to improve the washing effect.

Les grilles de classage (23) auront une forme adaptée, afin d'améliorer leur efficacité. La forme conique de la grille à fentes ou à trous permet de faciliter le contact avec les fibres et leur passage à travers la grille. L'angle du cône sera étudié afin de faciliter le passage des fibres. Cependant, cette forme conique a aussi pour conséquence de concentrer les contaminants de densité supérieure à 1 sur la grille. Afin de prévenir la colmatation des orifices, la grille est dotée, pour la plupart des applications mettant en oeuvre des matières relativement contaminées, de ruptures d'angles « en escalier » (28). Les figures 2, 3 et 4 représentent une telle grille (23) avec les escaliers (28).The classification grids (23) will have a suitable shape, in order to improve their efficiency. The conical shape of the grid with slits or holes makes it possible to facilitate contact with the fibers and their passage through the grid. The angle of the cone will be studied in order to facilitate the passage of the fibers. However, this conical shape also has the consequence of concentrating the contaminants of density greater than 1 on the grid. In order to prevent clogging of the orifices, the grid is provided, for most applications using relatively contaminated materials, with "stepped" angle breaks (28). Figures 2, 3 and 4 show such a grid (23) with the stairs (28).

La rupture d'angle permet d'écarter les contaminants de la grille afin qui prennent de la vitesse avant de nouveau rencontrer la grille. Ce dispositif facilitera de ce fait leur sédimentation vers la périphérie de la grille. Cette rupture d'angle facilitera, d'autre part, le passage des fibres en rompant régulièrement le matelas de fibres qui se forme à la superficie de la grille.The angle break makes it possible to remove the contaminants from the grid so that they gain speed before meeting the grid again. This device will therefore facilitate their sedimentation towards the periphery of the grid. This angle break will also facilitate the passage of the fibers by regularly breaking the fiber mat which forms on the surface of the grid.

Les orifices ont une direction radiale. L'entrée des orifices est conique (40), les cônes des orifices adjacents se rejoindront, de manière à ce qu'il n'y ait pas de surface plane entre deux cônes. L'objectif est de concentrer les fibres à l'entrée des orifices, et de les orienter parallèlement aux orifices, la longueur moyenne des fibres étant beaucoup plus grande que la largeur des orifices. Une fois la section minimum atteinte (41), la section des orifices augmente (42) afin de prévenir leur bouchage. La figure 5 schématise deux orifices en profil montrant ces différentes dispositions.The orifices have a radial direction. The inlet of the orifices is conical (40), the cones of the adjacent orifices will meet, so that there is no flat surface between two cones. The objective is to concentrate the fibers at the entrance of the orifices, and to orient them parallel to the orifices, the average length of the fibers being much greater than the width of the orifices. Once the minimum section has been reached (41), the section of the orifices increases (42) in order to prevent them from clogging. Figure 5 shows schematically two holes in profile showing these different arrangements.

Claims (22)

  1. A method for the preparation of paper pulp from waste papers previously disintegrated and put in suspension by a pulper, using the difference between the sedimentation speed of the different particles contained in the suspension under the effect of an artificial gravity field created by rotation combined with a filtration action, the method comprising the combined with a filtration action, the method comprising the combined and simultaneous accomplishment, in one single rotary apparatus, of the following steps :
    a) Filtering the suspension through a drilled plate (6) which retains at least a part of the fibres contained in the suspension and allows the major part of the water and small contaminants and mineral loads contained in the suspension to pass, being that filtration aided by the force created by the acceleration resulting from the rotation of the apparatus;
    b) Concentrating and evacuating the part of the suspension retained by the drilled plate (6) at the periphery of the apparatus under the effect of the acceleration resulting from the rotation of the apparatus.
    c) Clarifying the water which passes through the drilled plate (6) by separation of the solid elements in suspension with density higher than 1 which sediment at the periphery of the apparatus under the effect of the acceleration resulting from the rotation of the apparatus; and concentrating and extracting solid elements of density higher than 1 separated from the water which passes through the drilled plate (6).
  2. An apparatus to perform the method described in claim 1 for the preparation of paper pulp from used papers previously disintegrated and put in fibrous suspension by a pulper, said apparatus comprising a body (1) rotating at high speed driving together all components inside it, the body (1) comprising:
    a) An inlet pipe (2) for the fibrous suspension located at the centre of the body (1), being the fibrous suspension driven at the angular speed of the body by means of blades (3) solitary with the body (1).
    b) A feeding zone (4) of a filtration drilled plate (6) into which the fibrous suspension introduces in the body (1) of the apparatus is driven, being the drilled plate (6) provided with small holes which allow to retain at least a part of the fibres contained in the suspension while the major part of the water, small contaminants and mineral loads contained in the suspension pass through the drilled plate (6);
    c) A zone (7) for the concentration of the part of the suspension retained by the drilled plate (6) located at the periphery of the feeding zone (4) of the drilled plate (6);
    d) Several apertures (8) located at the periphery of the body (1) of the apparatus to evacuate the concentrated suspension from the concentration zone (7); and
    e) A clarification chamber (16) to clarify the water having passed through the drilled plate (16) including apertures (20) located at the periphery of the apparatus body (1) for the evacuation of the solid elements having sedimented at the periphery of said chamber (16) and a central pipe (21) for the evacuation of the clarified water.
  3. An apparatus according to claim 2, characterised by the apparatus comprising also one or several tubes (44) bent in a snail shape at the outside of the body (1), whose inlets are located facing the apertures (8) for the evacuation of the concentrated suspension retained by the filtration drilled plate (6).
  4. An apparatus according to claim 2, characterised by the apparatus comprising also one central pipe (22) aimed to collect and evacuate from the apparatus body (1) the solid elements, present in the fibrous suspension and retained by the filtration drilled plate (6), which migrate to the central the apparatus.
  5. An apparatus according to claim 2, characterised by the clarification chamber (16) comprising separation cones to facilitate the separation and migration of solid elements present in the water to be clarified.
  6. An apparatus according to claim 5, characterised by the separation cones of the clarification chamber (16) being prolonged in their peripheral part by channels (17) for the evacuation of separated particles having a density higher than 1, these channels communicating with a pipe (18) ending in a concentration chamber (19), at the periphery of the clarification chamber (16).
  7. An apparatus according to claim 5 characterised by the separations cones of the clarification chamber (16) being prolonged in the direction of the apparatus axis by channels (36) for the evacuation of separated particles having a density lower than 1, theses channels ending in a central pipe (37) for the evacuation of the separated particles.
  8. A apparatus according to claim 2, characterised by the body of the apparatus also comprising a device for the recovery of cellulosic particles having passed through the filtration drilled plate (6) said device being constituted by:
    a) A sedimentation (5) chamber, immediately downstream the filtration drilled plate (6) and at its periphery, where the major part of the heavy contaminants and cellulosic particles having passed through the filtration drilled plate (6) sediment, under the effect of the artificial gravity field created by the rotation of the apparatus:
    b) A pipe (10), whose connection is located at the level of the sedimentation chamber (5) and which is oriented to the apparatus body centre (1) collecting the particles and contaminants that have there been sedimented, and dimensioned so that the flow speed in this pipe be higher than the speed of migration of the cellulosic particles to the periphery, while the heavier contaminants sediment at the periphery of said pipe (10);
    c) A central pipe (14) collecting, near the axis of the apparatus, the flows of the pipe (10), mentioned at the previous paragraph and allowing their evacuation from the apparatus body (1) by its axis.
  9. An apparatus according to claim 2, characterised by the apparatus comprising an inlet pipe (13), which allows the introduction into the fibrous suspension, at the inside of the apparatus body (1), solid elements in points (13b) located upstream the filtration drilled plate (6) and at the periphery of the feeding zone (4) of said drilled plate (6).
  10. An apparatus according to claim 5, characterised by the filtration drilled plate (6) being equipped with apertures of smaller dimension in the most peripheral part.
  11. An apparatus according to claim 2, characterised by the clarification chamber (16) being divided in two chambers functioning in series, both equipped with cones and separated by a central conical wall (35).
  12. An apparatus according to claim 2, characterised by the body (1) of the apparatus comprising a preclarification chamber (33), immediately upstream the clarification chamber (16), aimed to separate the coarser solid elements before the final clarification of the water.
  13. An apparatus according to claim 12, characterised by the body (1) of the apparatus comprising apertures (34), at the periphery of the preclarification chamber (33), to evacuate from the apparatus body (1) the solid elements which sediment at the periphery of said chamber (33).
  14. An apparatus according to claim 12 characterised by the body (1) of the apparatus comprising inclined deflectors (39), fixed or adjustable, ensuring a communication between the periphery of the preclarification chamber (33) and the concentration chamber (7) of the suspension portion retained by the filtration drilled plate (6).
  15. An apparatus according to claim 2, characterised by the body (1) of the apparatus comprising a sedimentation device upstream the filtration drilled plate (6), in order to make a separation of some contaminants with big dimension contained in the fibrous suspension introduced in the apparatus, said device being constituted by:
    a) A sedimentation chamber (25)
    b) A hole (22b) located in the part closer to the axis of the sedimentation chamber (25), aimed to separate the light elements which there concentrate and driving them to the central pipe (22) and allowing their elimination;
    c) A hole (26) located at the periphery of the sedimentation chamber (25), aimed to separate the heavy elements, including cellulose fibres, which there sediment;
    d) A pipe (27) deriving the part of the fibrous suspension having passed into the chamber (25) and having not been separated by the holes (22b) and (26) of separation of light and heavy elements, into the feeding zone (4) of the filtration drilled plate (6), or to the following stage of the method, if a complementary device is located between the sedimentation device and the filtration drilled plate feeding zone, said pipe (27) having an inclination and section adapted so that the cellulosic elements are driven by the flow without sedimenting there;
    e) A pipe connecting the hole (26) for the separation of heavy elements to the pipe mentioned in the previous paragraph;
    f) A hole (30) for the elimination of heavy elements, in the peripheral part of the pipe (27) mentioned at paragraph d), aimed to collect and separate the heavier contaminants which sediment at the periphery of said pipe (27); and
    g) A pipe leading the solid elements captured by hole (30à for the elimination of the heavy elements mentioned at paragraph f) to the apertures (38), located at the periphery of the body (1), for the evacuation of the elements collected by said hole (30).
  16. An apparatus according to claim 2, characterised by the apparatus body (1) comprising a classifier device upstream the filtration drilled plate (6), aimed to separate the contaminants having a dimension higher than the cellulose fibres, said apparatus being constituted by:
    a) A classifier drilled plate (23) having a flat of conical shape and having calibrated slots or holes such that the majority of the cellulose fibres pas through the slots and/or the holes;
    b) Apertures (38) located at the periphery of the apparatus body (1) and upstream the classifiers drilled plate (23), allowing to evacuate the elements, which do not pass through the slots and/or holes, and migrate to the axis of the apparatus, and
    c) A pipe (24) leading the water and the elements having passed the classifier drilled (23) plate to the feeding zone (4) of the filtration drilled plate (6).
  17. An apparatus according to claim 16; characterised by the apparatus body (1) comprising a device for the derivation of a part of the water, upstream the classifier drilled plate (23), said apparatus being constituted by:
    a) A water inlet (29) having a conical shape and oriented perpendicularly to the trajectories of the particles, located at the periphery and upstream the classifier drilled plate (23); and
    b) A pipe connecting the water inlet mentioned at the previous paragraph and the clarification chamber of the feeding zone (4) of the filtration drilled plate (6); according to the uses.
  18. An apparatus according to claim 16 characterised by the classifier drilled plate (23) being conical and including one or several inclinations (28) in order to avoid the accumulation of solid elements along the classifier drilled plate (23).
  19. An apparatus according to claim 16, characterised by the holes (40) of the classifier drilled plate (23) having a radial direction and an entrance with the shape of a funnel, the entrances with the funnel shape of two adjacent holes joining themselves at the side upstream the drilled plate in order to avoid any plane surface between two holes and this being done to facilitate the orientation and the passage of the fibres.
  20. An apparatus according to claim 16, characterised by the holes (40) of the classifier drilled plate (23) being comprised by an inlet funnel and an outlet funnel in order to facilitate the passage of the fibres and avoid the risk of clogging.
  21. An apparatus according to claim 2, characterised by the holes of the filtration drilled plate (6) being calibrated to allow the passage of an important part of the short cellulose fibres and retain the majority of the long cellulose fibres, performing therefore a fractionating between short fibres and long fibres.
  22. An apparatus according to claim 2, characterised by the apparatus comprising a central pipe aimed to lead directly to the inside of the apparatus body (1), at the level of the clarification chamber, some non-thickened effluents such as the foams of a de-inking cell.
EP00935750A 1999-06-09 2000-06-08 Method and apparatus for preparing paper pulp from used paper Expired - Lifetime EP1183419B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PT102320A PT102320A (en) 1999-06-09 1999-06-09 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR THE PREPARATION OF PAPER PASTE FROM PAPER STITCHES
PT10232099 1999-06-09
PCT/PT2000/000006 WO2000075422A1 (en) 1999-06-09 2000-06-08 Method and apparatus for preparing paper pulp from used paper

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1183419A1 EP1183419A1 (en) 2002-03-06
EP1183419B1 true EP1183419B1 (en) 2004-03-31

Family

ID=20085865

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00935750A Expired - Lifetime EP1183419B1 (en) 1999-06-09 2000-06-08 Method and apparatus for preparing paper pulp from used paper

Country Status (15)

Country Link
US (1) US6811655B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1183419B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3787306B2 (en)
KR (1) KR100495098B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1131908C (en)
AT (1) ATE263270T1 (en)
AU (1) AU5116500A (en)
BR (1) BR0011686B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2376795C (en)
DE (1) DE60009485T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2218164T3 (en)
MX (1) MXPA01012690A (en)
PT (2) PT102320A (en)
RU (1) RU2218458C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2000075422A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI109135B (en) * 1999-09-21 2002-05-31 Metso Paper Inc Method and apparatus for treating wood pulp
WO2004011718A1 (en) * 2002-07-30 2004-02-05 Finidro - Financiamentos Energéticos Lda. Installation for purifying papermaking pulp
JP5098001B2 (en) 2005-07-20 2012-12-12 株式会社シード Waste paper processing equipment
CN100435890C (en) 2007-07-10 2008-11-26 陕西坚瑞化工有限责任公司 Fire extinguishing aerosol composition suitable for use for precise electric equipment
DE102011120630A1 (en) * 2011-12-09 2013-06-13 Aerocycle Gmbh Process for recycling waste paper
CN103191013B (en) * 2012-01-09 2015-04-01 金卫医疗科技(上海)有限公司 Curved surface body container with red blood cell barrier function in continuous separation of blood plasma
CN107558285B (en) * 2016-08-23 2020-10-09 绍兴冉奕无纺布有限公司 Waste book treatment process
CN113481745B (en) * 2021-08-04 2022-09-16 迁安市正昊纸业有限公司 Environment-friendly papermaking process

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2924794C2 (en) * 1979-06-20 1980-11-13 J.M. Voith Gmbh, 7920 Heidenheim Device for dewatering a fiber suspension
FR2478489B1 (en) * 1980-03-21 1985-08-30 Centre Tech Ind Papier PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR SEPARATING PARTICLES IN A FLUID, PARTICULARLY FOR THE PURIFICATION OF PAPER SUSPENSIONS
ZA839064B (en) * 1982-12-06 1985-07-31 Broken Hill Pty Co Ltd Centrifugal separation method and apparatus
FR2636251B1 (en) * 1988-09-13 1992-01-17 Lamort E DEVICE FOR SEPARATING PARTICLES FROM A LIQUID, PARTICULARLY FOR THE PURIFICATION OF PAPER SUSPENSIONS
DE4105903C2 (en) * 1991-02-26 1994-10-06 Escher Wyss Gmbh Solid bowl centrifuge as a cleaner for material suspensions

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2376795A1 (en) 2000-12-14
RU2218458C2 (en) 2003-12-10
BR0011686B1 (en) 2010-07-27
CN1354812A (en) 2002-06-19
DE60009485T2 (en) 2005-03-24
DE60009485D1 (en) 2004-05-06
MXPA01012690A (en) 2003-09-04
ATE263270T1 (en) 2004-04-15
EP1183419A1 (en) 2002-03-06
ES2218164T3 (en) 2004-11-16
KR100495098B1 (en) 2005-06-14
AU5116500A (en) 2000-12-28
PT1183419E (en) 2004-08-31
CA2376795C (en) 2008-04-08
BR0011686A (en) 2002-03-05
PT102320A (en) 2000-12-29
JP3787306B2 (en) 2006-06-21
JP2003501563A (en) 2003-01-14
WO2000075422A1 (en) 2000-12-14
KR20020047044A (en) 2002-06-21
CN1131908C (en) 2003-12-24
US6811655B1 (en) 2004-11-02

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