EP1166307B1 - Electromagnetic relay - Google Patents

Electromagnetic relay Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1166307B1
EP1166307B1 EP00914323A EP00914323A EP1166307B1 EP 1166307 B1 EP1166307 B1 EP 1166307B1 EP 00914323 A EP00914323 A EP 00914323A EP 00914323 A EP00914323 A EP 00914323A EP 1166307 B1 EP1166307 B1 EP 1166307B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
armature
relay according
spring contact
contact
spring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00914323A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1166307A1 (en
Inventor
Martin Hanke
Ralf Hoffmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TE Connectivity Solutions GmbH
Original Assignee
Tyco Electronics Logistics AG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1166307A1 publication Critical patent/EP1166307A1/en
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Publication of EP1166307B1 publication Critical patent/EP1166307B1/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00Contacts
    • H01H1/12Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/24Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting with resilient mounting
    • H01H1/26Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting with resilient mounting with spring blade support
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/54Contact arrangements
    • H01H50/60Contact arrangements moving contact being rigidly combined with movable part of magnetic circuit

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electromagnetic relay, the is universally applicable.
  • a contact spring for a relay generally has two tasks fulfill. On the one hand, it carries a switch contact that by the spring force of the contact spring against a fixed contact is pressed, on the other hand, the current flows to it Switching contact. While in the first case the mechanical resilience is important, the second task requires one high electrical conductivity. Materials that are high Possess bending strength to withstand the high mechanical loads but have low conductivity on and vice versa. If the relay is to switch large currents, so the continuity resistance is due to the bad Conductivity of the contact spring in general too large and it an additional wire must be provided to allow the current leads to the moving contact.
  • a relay is special to the spring either to perform widely, or to use a material that has good conductivity.
  • the latter variant sets ahead that the mechanical loading of the spring is proportional is low.
  • the spring can be arcuate be designed to accommodate the bending stress that occurs to distribute evenly.
  • a relay is already known from DE 36 40 737 C2 has an arcuate leaf spring. This feather is on one Attached to one magnet yoke and with the other Riveted to the end of a flat side of the anchor. An extension this leaf spring carries a switch contact. In the area Much higher mechanical steps occur near the fortifications Loads on the spring material than in the middle of the spring. Such an arch shape is therefore only conditionally suitable due to low mechanical stress on the spring material the use of a material with high electrical To enable conductivity.
  • the aim of the present invention is an electromagnetic To create a relay whose volume resistance is low without using additional parts need or the structure becomes more voluminous.
  • this goal is achieved by a relay achieved according to claim 1.
  • the relay according to the invention is advantageous because the mechanical Contact spring load very low and is even. This is mainly achieved by that the contact spring is designed as a moment spring.
  • a moment spring can be defined by both Spring ends are attached to third parts in such a way that no rotation of the spring end to the respective third part around the attachment point.
  • the contact spring has the property that the deformation the spring when moving so that the curvature change is almost constant. Because of this, the bending loads the contact spring largely constant along the Feather. The mechanical loads on the spring are also there small because of the length of the Contact spring is very large. This is the case if that free contact spring end attached to the free armature end is.
  • the low load in the area of the contact spring ends is advantageously ensures that the mounting level of the movable contact spring end tangential to the direction of movement of the free anchor end, because the spring in the attachment point is only insignificant is bent.
  • the attachment plane of the attachment end is essentially perpendicular to a shortest connecting line from a fastening edge on which the movable part of the Contact spring begins, lies to the armature axis of rotation.
  • the volume resistance is further reduced if the Switch contact in a central area of the contact spring is arranged, because this shortens the current path from a connecting conductor to the switch contact. Also results
  • This arrangement has the advantage that a path transformation from the free armature end to the switch contact occurs and the contact tear forces of the Switch contacts increase compared to an arrangement close the anchor end or beyond. In connection with one Anchor with a particularly large opening angle and so has a long way to go when closing a weaker design of the magnet system possible what is conducive to a compact structure. In addition, one can even softer material can be used for the contact spring, because the required restoring force is less.
  • the contact spring has the shape of an elliptical section, because in this configuration, the load is particularly even distributed over the length of the contact spring.
  • An additional advantage of the invention results from that the contact spring at the same time the anchor in a rest position preload, because smoit is an armature return spring dispensable.
  • the production of the contact spring for an inventive Relay is particularly easy when the contact spring has a constant width over the entire length and for example holes to relieve the contact spring can be omitted at certain points.
  • the contact spring preferably consists of an electrical one good conductive material, its mechanical properties due to the uniform low mechanical load but are sufficient.
  • a coil 1 sits on a first leg of a core arrangement 3, so that there is an anchor bearing section 4 of the otherwise first leg not visible in the figures outside the coil 1 is located.
  • a pole section 5 of a second Leg 6 of the core arrangement 3 forms a core pole face 7, the one with an armature pole face 8 at a free end 9 Anchor 10 cooperates.
  • Edge of the armature bearing section 4 facing away is the armature 10 with an inner edge around a bearing edge 11 that defines the armature axis of rotation forms, pivoted, so that in the open State between the armature 10 and the armature bearing section 8 results in a wedge-shaped armature bearing gap 12 which in an anchor closing position disappears.
  • the inside edge results by the formation of two lugs 20 on the anchor 10.
  • the anchor 10 is essentially L-shaped and arranged so that the cross leg of the L, the free Anchor end 9 represents, facing outwards.
  • the anchor 10 gives way to the extent that it is in a central section 14 is bent inwards.
  • the free armature end 9 forms with its armature pole face 8 and the core pole face 7 a working air gap 15.
  • the armature pole face 8 stands in the area of its front in the closing direction End 8a substantially perpendicular to a connecting line to the bearing edge 11.
  • the core pole surface 7 extends when the Armature 10 at least approximately parallel to the armature pole face 8.
  • a contact spring 16 has among other things the task the inner edge of the armature 10 against the bearing edge 11 of the end section 4 to press, so that the armature 10 only a rotary movement is possible.
  • the opening angle of the anchor bearing gap 12 of such Magnet system is, for example, 10 ° large compared to one conventional hinged anchor system, the opening angle of which is usually is not greater than 5 °.
  • a fastening end 17 of the contact spring 16 is on the armature bearing section 4 on the side where the bearing edge is located 11 is preferably close to a bobbin flange 13 by injecting it together with one not shown Connection conductor, attached. In the area of their fastening end 17, the contact spring 16 approaches tangentially to a plane parallel to the end face of the armature bearing section 4 lies.
  • this criterion is not the same Dimensions are met if, for example, design considerations to use the space to a different location of the fastening edge to lead.
  • the movable part 21 of the contact spring 16 is around the armature bearing section 4 and a longitudinal leg 22 of the armature 10 bent around and attached to the free anchor end 9.
  • the mobile End 23 of the contact spring 16 follows in its movement the free anchor end 9.
  • the contact spring 16 is in the area their attachment to the anchor 10 in a plane that is tangential to the direction of movement of the free anchor end 9. With this arrangement, the contact spring 16 takes approximately that Form an ellipse, being about a quarter of the ellipse remains open.
  • the attachment of the contact spring to the anchor could also be done by a mobile coupling.
  • the contact spring 16 also be designed so that the shape strongly of an ellipse differs.
  • the bearing edge lies due to the arrangement of the contact surface 16 11 approximately in the middle of the ellipse, so that for the contact spring 16 a "natural" load when the armature moves results that are evenly distributed over the entire length of the Contact spring 16 distributed.
  • the contact spring 16 has a central section 24 which a switch contact 25 is attached. This acts in the exemplary embodiment of Figures 1 and 2 with a fixed contact 26 together, its position on a base body 27 is fixed.
  • the switch contact 25 is about half Contact spring length, which creates a short current path to the not shown connecting conductor at the fastening end 17 of the Contact spring 16 results.
  • the tearing forces to open the Contacts 25 and 26 are particularly large because between the free armature end 9 and the switch contact 25 a power transmission takes place.
  • the distance of the contacts 25 and 26 in the opening position is still sufficient because of the opening angle the anchor bearing gap 12 chosen accordingly large can be. Due to the advantageous design of the anchor 10 there are still no disadvantages for efficiency of the magnetic circuit.
  • the contact spring 16 moves in acts particularly advantageously as a return spring, the anchor 10 towards the open position since the anchor 10 when the relay is in the open position is biased.
  • a return spring acts particularly advantageously as a return spring, the anchor 10 towards the open position since the anchor 10 when the relay is in the open position is biased.
  • an additional one is also conceivable Use return spring. With the opening movement of the anchor 10 separate the contacts 25 and 26, and the Current path through the relay is interrupted.
  • FIG Relay in a further exemplary embodiment according to FIG Relay according to the invention in a specific embodiment shown.
  • the relay has no additional armature return spring, but the armature restoring force that pushes armature 35 into an open position Prestressed position is by the contact spring 30th applied.
  • a relay it is also possible to use a relay to equip additional armature return spring; this can for example in the free area between the anchor 35 and the contact spring 30 may be arranged.
  • the shape of the contact spring 30 differs from the shape of the contact spring 16 from the first embodiment and enables through several bending edges of the contact spring 30 a space-saving Construction.
  • contacts 32, 33 and 34 can also be used as double contacts be carried out.
  • a longitudinal slot would have to be used in this case in the contact spring 30 between the two switching contacts be provided to the inevitable tolerances equalize in the amount of contacts.
  • the contacts can also be used as a bridge changer be switched. In this case the power supply would have to to the switch contacts separately from the spring clamping respectively.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein elektromagnetisches Relais, das universell einsetzbar ist.The invention relates to an electromagnetic relay, the is universally applicable.

Eine Kontaktfeder für ein Relais muß im allgemeinen zwei Aufgaben erfüllen. Einerseits trägt sie einen Schaltkontakt, der durch die Federkraft der Kontaktfeder gegen einen Festkontakt gedrückt wird, andererseits fließt über sie der Strom zum Schaltkontakt. Während im ersten Fall die mechanische Belastbarkeit von Bedeutung ist, erfordert die zweite Aufgabe eine hohe elektrische Leitfähigkeit. Materialien, die eine hohe Biegefestigkeit besitzen, um den hohen mechanischen Belastungen gerecht zu werden, weisen jedoch eine geringe Leitfähigkeit auf und umgekehrt. Soll das Relais große Ströme schalten, so ist der Durchgangawiderstand aufgrund der schlechten Leitfähigkeit der Kontaktfeder im allgemeinen zu groß und es muß eine zusätzliche Litze vorgesehen werden, die den Strom zu dem beweglichen Kontakt führt.A contact spring for a relay generally has two tasks fulfill. On the one hand, it carries a switch contact that by the spring force of the contact spring against a fixed contact is pressed, on the other hand, the current flows to it Switching contact. While in the first case the mechanical resilience is important, the second task requires one high electrical conductivity. Materials that are high Possess bending strength to withstand the high mechanical loads but have low conductivity on and vice versa. If the relay is to switch large currents, so the continuity resistance is due to the bad Conductivity of the contact spring in general too large and it an additional wire must be provided to allow the current leads to the moving contact.

Eine einfachere Möglichkeit zur Verringerung des Durchgangswiderstandes eines Relais ist es, die Feder entweder besonders breit auszuführen, oder ein Material zu verwenden, das ein gute Leitfähigkeit besitzt. Letztere Variante setzt allerdings voraus, daß die mechanische Belastung der Feder verhältnismäßig gering ist. Zu diesem Zweck kann die Feder bogenförmig gestaltet sein, um die auftretende Biegespannung gleichmäßig zu verteilen.An easier way to reduce volume resistance a relay is special to the spring either to perform widely, or to use a material that has good conductivity. However, the latter variant sets ahead that the mechanical loading of the spring is proportional is low. For this purpose the spring can be arcuate be designed to accommodate the bending stress that occurs to distribute evenly.

Aus der DE 36 40 737 C2 ist bereits ein Relais bekannt, das eine bogenförmige Blattfeder besitzt. Diese Feder ist an einem Ende an einem Magnetjoch befestigt und mit dem anderen Ende an einer Flachseite des Ankers vernietet. Eine Verlängerung dieser Blattfeder trägt einen Schaltkontakt. Im Bereich nahe der Befestigungen treten wesentlich höhere mechanische Belastungen des Federmaterials auf als in der Mitte der Feder. Daher ist eine solche Bogenform nur bedingt dazu geeignet, durch niedrige mechanische Belastung des Federmaterials die Verwendgung eines Materials mit hoher elektrischer Leitfähigkeit zu ermöglichen.A relay is already known from DE 36 40 737 C2 has an arcuate leaf spring. This feather is on one Attached to one magnet yoke and with the other Riveted to the end of a flat side of the anchor. An extension this leaf spring carries a switch contact. In the area Much higher mechanical steps occur near the fortifications Loads on the spring material than in the middle of the spring. Such an arch shape is therefore only conditionally suitable due to low mechanical stress on the spring material the use of a material with high electrical To enable conductivity.

Dokument CA-A-978577, das als Beschreibung des nächstliegenden Standes der Technik angesehen wird, offenbart ein
Elektromagnetisches Relais mit

  • einem Grundkörper,
  • einer Spule,
  • einer Kernanordnung,
  • einem Anker,
  • mindestens einem Festkontakt,
  • einer Kontaktfeder, die mit einem Befestigungsende an einem unbeweglichen Abschnitt des Relais befestigt ist, mit einem beweglichen Kontaktfederende und mindestens einem Schaltkontakt, der mit mindenstens einem der Festkontakte zusammenwirkt, wobei die Kontaktfeder insgesamt ungefähr eine Bogenform aufweist und als Momentenfeder ausgebildet ist und wobei der Schaltkontakt an einem mittleren Abschnitt der Kontaktfeder angeordnet ist.
Document CA-A-978577, which is considered a description of the closest prior art, discloses a
Electromagnetic relay with
  • a basic body,
  • a coil,
  • a core arrangement,
  • an anchor,
  • at least one permanent contact,
  • a contact spring, which is fastened to an immovable section of the relay with a fastening end, with a movable contact spring end and at least one switching contact, which cooperates with at least one of the fixed contacts, the contact spring overall having approximately an arc shape and being designed as a moment spring, and wherein the switching contact is arranged on a central section of the contact spring.

Ziel der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, ein elektromagnetisches Relais zu schaffen, dessen Durchgangswiderstand gering ist, ohne dass dazu zusätzliche Teile verwendet werden müssen oder der Aufbau voluminöser wird.The aim of the present invention is an electromagnetic To create a relay whose volume resistance is low without using additional parts need or the structure becomes more voluminous.

Erfindungsgemäss wird dieses Ziel durch ein Relais gemäß Anspruch 1 erreicht. According to the invention, this goal is achieved by a relay achieved according to claim 1.

Das erfindungsgemässe Relais ist vorteilhaft, weil die mechanische Belastung der Kontaktfeder sehr gering und gleichmässig ist. Dies wird vor allem dadurch erreicht, dass die Kontaktfeder als Momentenfeder ausgestaltet ist. Eine Momentenfeder kann dadurch definiert werden, dass beide Federenden derart an dritten Teilen befestigt sind, dass keine Rotation des Federendes zum jeweiligen dritten Teil um den Befestigungspunkt erfolgt.The relay according to the invention is advantageous because the mechanical Contact spring load very low and is even. This is mainly achieved by that the contact spring is designed as a moment spring. A moment spring can be defined by both Spring ends are attached to third parts in such a way that no rotation of the spring end to the respective third part around the attachment point.

Durch die Bewegung des freien Ankerendes wird ein Drehmoment auf die Kontaktfeder ausgeübt. Beide Federenden sinddrehmomentenfest befestigt.The movement of the free armature end creates a torque exerted on the contact spring. Both spring ends are torque-proof attached.

Die Kontaktfeder hat die Eigenschaft, dass die Verformung der Feder bei Bewegung so erfolgt, dass die Krümmungsänderung nahezu konstant ist. Aufgrund dessen sind die Biegebelastungen der Kontaktfeder weitgehend konstant entlang der Feder. Die mechanischen Belastungen der Feder sind auch daher gering, da die Länge der Kontaktfeder sehr gross ist. Dies ist der Fall, wenn das freie Kontaktfederende an dem freien Ankerende befestigt ist.The contact spring has the property that the deformation the spring when moving so that the curvature change is almost constant. Because of this, the bending loads the contact spring largely constant along the Feather. The mechanical loads on the spring are also there small because of the length of the Contact spring is very large. This is the case if that free contact spring end attached to the free armature end is.

Die geringe Belastung im Beriech der Kontaktfederenden ist in vorteilhafter Weise dadurch gewährleistet, dass die Befestigungsebene des beweglichen Kontaktfederendes tangential zu der Bewegungsrichtung des freien Ankerendes liegt, weil dadurch die Feder im Befestigungspunkt nur unwesentlich gebogen wird. Gleichermassen ergibt sich ein Vorteil, wenn die Befestigungsebene des Befestigungsendes im wesentlichen senkrecht zu einer kürzesten Verbindungslinie von einer Befestigungskante, an der der bewegliche Teil der Kontaktfeder beginnt, zur Ankerdrehachse liegt.The low load in the area of the contact spring ends is advantageously ensures that the mounting level of the movable contact spring end tangential to the direction of movement of the free anchor end, because the spring in the attachment point is only insignificant is bent. There is also an advantage if the attachment plane of the attachment end is essentially perpendicular to a shortest connecting line from a fastening edge on which the movable part of the Contact spring begins, lies to the armature axis of rotation.

Weiter verkleinert wird der Durchgangswiderstand, wenn der Schaltkontakt in einem mittleren Bereich der Kontaktfeder angeordnet ist, denn dadurch verkürzt sich der Strompfad von einem Anschlussleiter zu dem Schaltkontakt. Zudem ergibt sich durch diese Anordnung der Vorteil, dass eine Wegtransformation von dem freien Ankerende zu dem Schaltkontakt auftritt und sich die Kontaktaufreisskräfte des Schaltkontakts erhöhen im Vergleich zu einer Anordnung nahe dem Ankerende oder darüber hinaus. In Verbindung mit einem Anker, der einen besonders grossen Öffnungswinkel aufweist und so beim Schliessen einen grossen Weg zurücklegt, ist eine schwächere Auslegung des Magnetsystems möglich, was einem kompakten Aufbau förderlich ist. Zudem kann so ein noch weicheres Material für die Kontaktfeder verwendet werden, da die erforderliche Rückstellkraft geringer ist.The volume resistance is further reduced if the Switch contact in a central area of the contact spring is arranged, because this shortens the current path from a connecting conductor to the switch contact. Also results This arrangement has the advantage that a path transformation from the free armature end to the switch contact occurs and the contact tear forces of the Switch contacts increase compared to an arrangement close the anchor end or beyond. In connection with one Anchor with a particularly large opening angle and so has a long way to go when closing a weaker design of the magnet system possible what is conducive to a compact structure. In addition, one can even softer material can be used for the contact spring, because the required restoring force is less.

In einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung beschreibt die Kontaktfeder die Form eines Ellipsenabschnitts, denn in dieser Ausgestaltung ist die Belastung besonders gleichmässig über die Länge der Kontaktfeder verteilt. Describes in a particularly advantageous embodiment the contact spring has the shape of an elliptical section, because in this configuration, the load is particularly even distributed over the length of the contact spring.

Ein weiterer Vorteil ergibt sich, wenn die Ankerdrehachse ungefähr in der Mitte des durch die Kontaktfeder beschriebenen Bereiches liegt, weil dadurch das freie Ankerende auf einer Kreisbahn geführt ist, die die Kontaktfeder besonders schonend beansprucht, denn es ergibt sich für die Kontaktfeder eine homogene Belastungsverteilung. Für eine nahezu bogenförmige Feder gilt: Wenn die Form der Feder an einen Bogen angenähert wäre, läge dort, wo der Bogen seinen Mittelpunkt hätte, die Rotationsachse.Another advantage arises when the armature axis of rotation approximately in the middle of that described by the contact spring Because the free end of the anchor lies on it is guided in a circular path, which the contact spring particularly gently stressed, because it results for the contact spring a homogeneous load distribution. For an almost arc-shaped spring applies: If the shape of the spring on one Arc would be approximate where the arc is centered would have the axis of rotation.

Ein zusätzlicher Vorteil der Erfindung ergibt sich dadurch, dass die Kontaktfeder zugleich den Anker in eine Ruheposition vorspannen kann, denn smoit ist eine Ankerrückstellfeder verzichtbar.An additional advantage of the invention results from that the contact spring at the same time the anchor in a rest position preload, because smoit is an armature return spring dispensable.

Die Herstellung der Kontaktfeder für ein erfindungsgemässes Relais gestaltet sich besonders einfach, wenn die Kontaktfeder über der gesamten Länge eine konstante Breite aufweist und beispielsweise Bohrungen zur Entlastung der Kontaktfeder an bestimmten Stellen entfallen können.The production of the contact spring for an inventive Relay is particularly easy when the contact spring has a constant width over the entire length and for example holes to relieve the contact spring can be omitted at certain points.

Vorzugsweise besteht die Kontaktfeder aus einem elektrisch gut leitenden Material, dessen mechanische Eigenschaften aufgrund der gleichmässigen niedrigen mechanischen Belastung aber ausreichend sind.The contact spring preferably consists of an electrical one good conductive material, its mechanical properties due to the uniform low mechanical load but are sufficient.

Weitere Einzelheiten der Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.Further details of the embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend an einem Ausführungsbeispiel anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigt:

Figur 1
ein erfindgungsgemässes Relais, bei dem die Kontaktfeder auch als Rückstellfeder wirkt.
Figur 2
eine Teilansicht mit dem Anker und dem Kontaktsystem des Relais von Figur 1, und
Figur 3
ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemässen Relais.
The invention is explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment with reference to the drawing. It shows:
Figure 1
a relay according to the invention, in which the contact spring also acts as a return spring.
Figure 2
a partial view with the armature and the contact system of the relay of Figure 1, and
Figure 3
a further embodiment of a relay according to the invention.

Bei einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß den Figuren 1 und 2 sitzt eine Spule 1 auf einem ersten Schenkel einer Kernanordnung 3, so daß sich ein Ankerlagerabschnitt 4 des ansonsten in den Figuren nicht sichtbaren ersten Schenkels außerhalb der Spule 1 befindet. Ein Polabschnitt 5 eines zweiten Schenkels 6 der Kernanordnung 3 bildet eine Kernpolfläche 7, die mit einer Ankerpolfläche 8 an einem freien Ende 9 eines Ankers 10 zusammenwirkt. An der von dem zweiten Schenkel 6 abgewandten Kante des Ankerlagerabschnitts 4 ist der Anker 10 mit einer Innenkante um eine Lagerkante 11, die die Ankerdrehachse bildet, schwenkbar gelagert, so daß sich im geöffneten Zustand zwischen dem Anker 10 und dem Ankerlagerabschnitt 8 ein keilförmiger Ankerlagerspalt 12 ergibt, der in einer Ankerschließposition verschwindet. Die Innenkante ergibt sich durch die Anformung von zwei Nasen 20 an den Anker 10. Der Anker 10 ist im wesentlichen L-förmig gestaltet und derart angeordnet, daß der Querschenkel des L, den das freie Ankerende 9 darstellt, nach außen weist. Der Anker 10 weicht insofern von der L-Form ab, daß er in einem mittleren Abschnitt 14 nach innen gebogen ist.In a first embodiment according to Figures 1 and 2, a coil 1 sits on a first leg of a core arrangement 3, so that there is an anchor bearing section 4 of the otherwise first leg not visible in the figures outside the coil 1 is located. A pole section 5 of a second Leg 6 of the core arrangement 3 forms a core pole face 7, the one with an armature pole face 8 at a free end 9 Anchor 10 cooperates. On the second leg 6 Edge of the armature bearing section 4 facing away is the armature 10 with an inner edge around a bearing edge 11 that defines the armature axis of rotation forms, pivoted, so that in the open State between the armature 10 and the armature bearing section 8 results in a wedge-shaped armature bearing gap 12 which in an anchor closing position disappears. The inside edge results by the formation of two lugs 20 on the anchor 10. The anchor 10 is essentially L-shaped and arranged so that the cross leg of the L, the free Anchor end 9 represents, facing outwards. The anchor 10 gives way to the extent that it is in a central section 14 is bent inwards.

Das freie Ankerende 9 bildet mit seiner Ankerpolfläche 8 und der Kernpolfläche 7 einen Arbeitsluftspalt 15. Die Ankerpolfläche 8 steht im Bereich ihres in Schließrichtung vorderen Endes 8a im wesentlichen senkrecht zu einer Verbindungslinie zur Lagerkante 11. Die Kernpolfläche 7 erstreckt sich bei angezogenem Anker 10 zumindest annähernd parallel zur Ankerpolfläche 8. Durch die angeformten Nasen 20 kann sich der Anker 10 nicht durch die im Arbeitsluftspalt 15 wirkende Magnetkraft so verschieben, daß sich der Arbeitsluftspalt 15 schließt. Eine Kontaktfeder 16 hat unter anderem die Aufgabe, die Innenkante des Ankers 10 gegen die Lagerkante 11 des Endabschnitts 4 zu drücken, so daß dem Anker 10 nur eine Drehbewegung möglich ist.The free armature end 9 forms with its armature pole face 8 and the core pole face 7 a working air gap 15. The armature pole face 8 stands in the area of its front in the closing direction End 8a substantially perpendicular to a connecting line to the bearing edge 11. The core pole surface 7 extends when the Armature 10 at least approximately parallel to the armature pole face 8. Through the molded lugs 20, the anchor 10 not by the magnetic force acting in the working air gap 15 move so that the working air gap 15 closes. A contact spring 16 has among other things the task the inner edge of the armature 10 against the bearing edge 11 of the end section 4 to press, so that the armature 10 only a rotary movement is possible.

Der Öffnungswinkel des Ankerlagerspalts 12 eines derartigen Magnetsystems ist mit beispielsweise 10° groß gegenüber einem konventionellen Klappankersystem, dessen Öffnungswinkel üblicherweise nicht größer als 5° ist.The opening angle of the anchor bearing gap 12 of such Magnet system is, for example, 10 ° large compared to one conventional hinged anchor system, the opening angle of which is usually is not greater than 5 °.

Ein Befestigungsende 17 der Kontaktfeder 16 ist an dem Ankerlagerabschnitt 4 an der Seite, an der sich auch die Lagerkante 11 befindet, nahe eines Spulenkörperflanschs 13 vorzugsweise durch Einspritzen zusammen mit einem nicht gezeichneten Anschlußleiter, befestigt. Im Bereich ihres Befestigungsendes 17 nähert sich die Kontaktfeder 16 tangential an eine Ebene an, die parallel zu der Stirnfläche des Ankerlagerabschnitts 4 liegt.A fastening end 17 of the contact spring 16 is on the armature bearing section 4 on the side where the bearing edge is located 11 is preferably close to a bobbin flange 13 by injecting it together with one not shown Connection conductor, attached. In the area of their fastening end 17, the contact spring 16 approaches tangentially to a plane parallel to the end face of the armature bearing section 4 lies.

Eine kürzeste Verbindungslinie 18 zwischen einer Einspannkante 19, an der das Befestigungsende 17 der Kontaktfeder 16 und ein beweglicher Teil 21 der Kontaktfeder 16 aneinander grenzen, und der Lagerkante 11 steht ungefähr senkrecht auf der Befestigungsebene des Befestigungsendes 17. Dadurch wird erreicht, daß die Belastung der Kontaktfeder 16 an der Einspannkante 19 ähnlich hoch wie in den anderen Bereichen der Kontaktfeder 16 ist. Allerdings besteht die Möglichkeit, daß in anderen Ausführungsformen dieses Kriterium nicht in gleichem Maße erfüllt ist, wenn beispielsweise konstruktive Überlegungen zur Raumausnutzung zu einer anderen Lage der Befestigungskante führen.A shortest connecting line 18 between a clamping edge 19, on which the fastening end 17 of the contact spring 16 and a movable part 21 of the contact spring 16 adjoins one another, and the bearing edge 11 is approximately perpendicular to the Attachment level of the attachment end 17. This ensures that the load on the contact spring 16 at the clamping edge 19 similar to the other areas of the Contact spring 16 is. However, there is a possibility that in other embodiments this criterion is not the same Dimensions are met if, for example, design considerations to use the space to a different location of the fastening edge to lead.

Der bewegliche Teil 21 der Kontaktfeder 16 ist um den Ankerlagerabschnitt 4 und einen Längsschenkel 22 des Ankers 10 herumgebogen und an dem freien Ankerende 9 befestigt. Das bewegliche Ende 23 der Kontaktfeder 16 folgt in seiner Bewegung dem freien Ankerende 9. Die Kontakfeder 16 liegt im Bereich ihrer Befestigung am Anker 10 in einer Ebene, die tangential zu der Bewegungsrichtung des freien Ankerendes 9 verläuft. Durch diese Anordnung nimmt die Kontaktfeder 16 ungefähr die Form einer Ellipse an, wobei in etwa ein Viertel der Ellipse offen bleibt. Die Befestigung der Kontaktfeder an dem Anker könnte auch durch eine bewegliche Kopplung erfolgen. Zur Optimierung der Baugröße des Relais kann die Kontaktfeder 16 auch so ausgestaltet sein, daß die Form stark von einer Ellipse abweicht.The movable part 21 of the contact spring 16 is around the armature bearing section 4 and a longitudinal leg 22 of the armature 10 bent around and attached to the free anchor end 9. The mobile End 23 of the contact spring 16 follows in its movement the free anchor end 9. The contact spring 16 is in the area their attachment to the anchor 10 in a plane that is tangential to the direction of movement of the free anchor end 9. With this arrangement, the contact spring 16 takes approximately that Form an ellipse, being about a quarter of the ellipse remains open. The attachment of the contact spring to the anchor could also be done by a mobile coupling. For optimization the size of the relay, the contact spring 16 also be designed so that the shape strongly of an ellipse differs.

Durch die Anordnung der Kontaktfläche 16 liegt die Lagerkante 11 ungefähr in der Mitte der Ellipse, so daß für die Kontaktfeder 16 bei Bewegung des Ankers eine "natürliche" Belastung resultiert, die sich gleichmäßig auf die gesamte Länge der Kontaktfeder 16 verteilt.The bearing edge lies due to the arrangement of the contact surface 16 11 approximately in the middle of the ellipse, so that for the contact spring 16 a "natural" load when the armature moves results that are evenly distributed over the entire length of the Contact spring 16 distributed.

Die Kontaktfeder 16 besitzt einen mittleren Abschnitt 24, an dem ein Schaltkontakt 25 befestigt ist. Dieser wirkt im Ausführungsbeispiel von den Figuren 1 und 2 mit einem Festkontakt 26 zusammen, dessen Position auf einem Grundkörper 27 fixiert ist. Der Schaltkontakt 25 liegt auf etwa der halben Kontaktfederlänge, wodurch sich ein kurzer Strompfad zu dem nicht gezeichneten Anschlußleiter am Befestigungsende 17 der Kontaktfeder 16 ergibt. Die Aufreißkräfte zur Öffnung der Kontakte 25 und 26 sind besonders groß, weil zwischen dem freien Ankerende 9 und dem Schaltkontakt 25 eine Kraftübersetzung stattfindet. Der Abstand der Kontakte 25 und 26 in der Öffnungsposition ist trotzdem ausreichend, da der Öffnungswinkel des Ankerlagerspalts 12 entsprechend groß gewählt werden kann. Aufgrund der vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung des Ankers 10 ergeben sich trotzdem keine Nachteile für die Effizienz des Magnetkreises.The contact spring 16 has a central section 24 which a switch contact 25 is attached. This acts in the exemplary embodiment of Figures 1 and 2 with a fixed contact 26 together, its position on a base body 27 is fixed. The switch contact 25 is about half Contact spring length, which creates a short current path to the not shown connecting conductor at the fastening end 17 of the Contact spring 16 results. The tearing forces to open the Contacts 25 and 26 are particularly large because between the free armature end 9 and the switch contact 25 a power transmission takes place. The distance of the contacts 25 and 26 in the opening position is still sufficient because of the opening angle the anchor bearing gap 12 chosen accordingly large can be. Due to the advantageous design of the anchor 10 there are still no disadvantages for efficiency of the magnetic circuit.

Bei Erregung der Spule 1 wird die Ankerpolfläche 8 an die Kernpolfläche 7 angezogen, und der Anker 10 bewegt sich in die Schließposition. Der bewegliche Kontakt 25 bildet in der geschlossenen Position des Ankers 10 eine Verbindung mit dem Festkontakt 26.When the coil 1 is excited, the armature pole surface 8 is connected to the Core pole face 7 attracted, and armature 10 moves in the closed position. The movable contact 25 forms in the closed position of the armature 10 connects to the Fixed contact 26.

Bei Entregung der Spule 1 bewegt die Kontaktfeder 16, die in besonders vorteilhafter Weise auch als Rückstellfeder wirkt, den Anker 10 in Richtung der geöffneten Position, da der Anker 10 im Ruhezustand des Relais in die geöffnete Position vorgespannt ist. Es ist jedoch auch denkbar, eine zusätzliche Rückstellfeder einzusetzen. Mit der Öffnungsbewegung des Ankers 10 trennen sich die Kontakte 25 und 26, und der Strompfad durch das Relais ist unterbrochen.When the coil 1 is de-energized, the contact spring 16 moves in acts particularly advantageously as a return spring, the anchor 10 towards the open position since the anchor 10 when the relay is in the open position is biased. However, an additional one is also conceivable Use return spring. With the opening movement of the anchor 10 separate the contacts 25 and 26, and the Current path through the relay is interrupted.

Eine erfindungsgemäße Gestaltung der Kontaktfeder nach dem Ausführungsbeispiel von den Figuren 1 und 2 ist auch deshalb günstig, weil zur gleichmäßigen Belastung der Feder weder die Federbreite variiert werden muß noch andere Maßnahmen, wie zum Beispiel Entlastungsbohrungen, notwendig sind, wie dies normalerweise der Fall ist. Dadurch vereinfacht sich die Herstellung, was auch unter Kostengesichtspunkten vorteilhaft ist.An inventive design of the contact spring after The embodiment of Figures 1 and 2 is therefore also cheap because neither the even loading of the spring Pen width must be varied, other measures such as for example relief wells are necessary, like this is usually the case. This simplifies production, which is also advantageous from a cost point of view is.

In einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Figur 3 ist ein erfindungsgemäßes Relais in einer konkreten Ausführungsform gezeigt. Wie in der schematischen Darstellung von Figur 1 und 2 besitzt das Relais keine zusätzliche Ankerrückstellfeder, sondern die Ankerrückstellkraft, die den Anker 35 in eine geöffnete Position vorspannt, wird durch die Kontaktfeder 30 aufgebracht. Es ist aber auch möglich, das Relais mit einer zusätzlichen Ankerrückstellfeder auszustatten; diese kann beispielsweise in dem freien Bereich zwischen dem Anker 35 und der Kontaktfeder 30 angeordnet sein.In a further exemplary embodiment according to FIG Relay according to the invention in a specific embodiment shown. As in the schematic representation of Figure 1 and 2 the relay has no additional armature return spring, but the armature restoring force that pushes armature 35 into an open position Prestressed position is by the contact spring 30th applied. But it is also possible to use a relay to equip additional armature return spring; this can for example in the free area between the anchor 35 and the contact spring 30 may be arranged.

Auf der Kontaktfeder 30 ist in einem mittleren Bereich ein beweglicher Kontakt 32 angeordnet, der in der geöffneten Position des Ankers 35 mit einem ersten Festkontakt 33, in der geschlossenen Ankerposition mit einem zweiten Festkontakt 34 zusammenwirkt.On the contact spring 30 is in a central area Movable contact 32 arranged in the open position the armature 35 with a first fixed contact 33, in the closed anchor position with a second fixed contact 34 interacts.

Die Form der Kontaktfeder 30 weicht von der Form der Kontaktfeder 16 vom ersten Ausführungsbeispiel ab und ermöglicht durch mehrere Biegekanten der Kontaktfeder 30 einen platzsparenden Aufbau.The shape of the contact spring 30 differs from the shape of the contact spring 16 from the first embodiment and enables through several bending edges of the contact spring 30 a space-saving Construction.

Neben der dargestellten Ausführungsform mit einem Einfachkontakt können die Kontakte 32,33 und 34 auch als Doppelkontakte ausgeführt werden. Allerdings müßte in diesem Fall ein Längsschlitz in der Kontaktfeder 30 zwischen den beiden Schaltkontakten vorgesehen werden, um die unvermeidlichen Toleranzen in der Höhe der Kontakte auszugleichen. In einer solchen Ausgestaltung der Kontakte kann das Kontaktsystem auch als Brükkenwechsler geschaltet sein. In diesem Fall müßte die Stromzuführung zu den Schaltkontakten getrennt von der Federeinspannung erfolgen.In addition to the illustrated embodiment with a single contact contacts 32, 33 and 34 can also be used as double contacts be carried out. However, a longitudinal slot would have to be used in this case in the contact spring 30 between the two switching contacts be provided to the inevitable tolerances equalize in the amount of contacts. In such an embodiment the contacts can also be used as a bridge changer be switched. In this case the power supply would have to to the switch contacts separately from the spring clamping respectively.

Claims (17)

  1. An electromagnetic relay having
       a base (27),
       a coil (1),
       a core arrangement (3),
       an armature (10, 35),
       at least one fixed contact (26; 33; 34),
       a spring contact (16; 30) which is secured to an unmovable portion of the relay by means of a securing end (17), having a movable spring contact end (23) and at least one switching contact (25; 32) which cooperates with at least one of the fixed contacts (26; 33, 34), with the spring contact (16; 30) as a whole having an approximately arcuate shape and being constructed as a torque-type spring, and the switching contact (25; 32) being arranged on a central portion (24) of the spring contact 16; 30),
       characterised in that
       the armature (10; 35) is arranged to pivot about an axis of rotation (11) of the armature by means of an armature end on an armature bearing portion (4) of the core arrangement (3),and in that its other end forms a free armature end (9), and in that the movable spring contact end (23) is coupled to the free armature end (9).
  2. A relay according to Claim 1, characterised in that the axis of rotation (11) of the armature lies approximately in the centre of the region circumscribed by the spring contact (16; 30).
  3. A relay according to Claim 1, characterised in that the plane of securing the movable spring contact end (23) lies tangentially with respect to the direction of movement of the free armature end (9).
  4. A relay according to Claim 1, characterised in that the plane of securing the securing end (17) of the spring contact (16; 30) lies substantially perpendicular with respect to a shortest line (18) connecting a securing edge (19), at which the movable part of the spring contact (16; 30) begins, to the axis of rotation (11) of the armature.
  5. A relay according to Claim 1, characterised in that the movable spring contact end (23) is coupled movably to the free armature end (9).
  6. A relay according to Claim 1, characterised in that the spring contact (16; 30) at the same time pretensions the armature (10; 35) into a rest position.
  7. A relay according to Claim 1, characterised in that at least one lug is integrally formed on the armature (10; 35) in the region of the axis of rotation (11) of the armature and abuts against the armature bearing portion (4), as a result of which the armature (10; 35) is prevented from being displaced in the direction of the free armature end (9).
  8. A relay according to Claim 1, characterised in that the axis of rotation of the armature is fixed by a bearing edge (11) on the armature bearing portion (4) of the core arrangement (3) and an inside edge of the armature (10; 35) which abuts against this.
  9. A relay according to Claim 8, characterised in that the spring contact (16; 30) presses the inside edge of the armature (10; 35) against the bearing edge (11).
  10. A relay according to Claim 1, characterised in that the spring contact (16; 30) is made from a material with good electrical conductivity.
  11. A relay according to Claim 1, characterised in that an additional restoring spring pretensions the armature (10; 35) into a rest position.
  12. A relay according to Claim 1, characterised in that the spring contact (16) substantially describes an elliptical section.
  13. A relay according to Claim 1, characterised in that the spring contact (16; 30) has a constant width over its length, at least between the securing end (17) and the switching contact (25; 32).
  14. A relay according to Claim 1, characterised in that an angle of opening between the armature (10; 35) and the armature bearing portion (4) of the core arrangement (3) is between 5° and 15°.
  15. A relay according to Claim 1, characterised in that the switching contact (25; 32) and the fixed contacts (26; 33, 34) are constructed as double contacts.
  16. A relay according to Claim 15, characterised in that the spring contact (16; 30) has an elongate slot in the central portion (24) between the two contacts.
  17. A relay according to Claim 1, characterised in that the pole face (8) of the armature stands substantially perpendicular with respect to a line of connection to the axis of rotation (11) of the armature in the region of its front end (8a) (as seen in the direction of closing), and in that the pole face (7) of the core extends at least approximately parallel to the pole face (8) of the armature when the armature (10; 35) is attracted.
EP00914323A 1999-04-07 2000-04-07 Electromagnetic relay Expired - Lifetime EP1166307B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19915691A DE19915691A1 (en) 1999-04-07 1999-04-07 Electromagnetic relay
DE19915691 1999-04-07
PCT/IB2000/000424 WO2000060625A1 (en) 1999-04-07 2000-04-07 Electromagnetic relay

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1166307A1 EP1166307A1 (en) 2002-01-02
EP1166307B1 true EP1166307B1 (en) 2003-01-08

Family

ID=7903786

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00914323A Expired - Lifetime EP1166307B1 (en) 1999-04-07 2000-04-07 Electromagnetic relay

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US6531939B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1166307B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2002541622A (en)
DE (2) DE19915691A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2189745T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2000060625A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3742405A (en) * 1972-03-06 1973-06-26 Trw Inc Small high current dc relay structure
CA978577A (en) * 1975-06-18 1975-11-25 Rodney Hayden Obturator structure for silent automotive relay
CA1022971A (en) * 1975-06-18 1977-12-20 Rodney Hayden Electromechanical switching device
GB1554423A (en) * 1975-06-18 1979-10-24 Trw Inc Switching devices
US4064470A (en) * 1975-06-20 1977-12-20 Trw Inc. Obturator structure for silent automotive relay
US4564828A (en) * 1984-05-14 1986-01-14 American Zettler, Inc. Electromagnetic relay
DE3630371A1 (en) * 1986-09-05 1988-03-10 Siemens Ag Miniature electromagnetic switching relay
DE3640737A1 (en) * 1986-11-28 1988-06-09 Bosch Gmbh Robert ELECTROMAGNETIC RELAY
US5155458A (en) * 1991-11-04 1992-10-13 Gamble John G Normally closed AC relay

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE50001047D1 (en) 2003-02-13
EP1166307A1 (en) 2002-01-02
WO2000060625A1 (en) 2000-10-12
ES2189745T3 (en) 2003-07-16
US6531939B1 (en) 2003-03-11
DE19915691A1 (en) 2001-08-09
JP2002541622A (en) 2002-12-03

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