EP1165737B1 - Detergents containing an enzyme and bleach activator agents - Google Patents

Detergents containing an enzyme and bleach activator agents Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1165737B1
EP1165737B1 EP00920537A EP00920537A EP1165737B1 EP 1165737 B1 EP1165737 B1 EP 1165737B1 EP 00920537 A EP00920537 A EP 00920537A EP 00920537 A EP00920537 A EP 00920537A EP 1165737 B1 EP1165737 B1 EP 1165737B1
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use according
acid
formula
patent application
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1165737A2 (en
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Horst-Dieter Speckmann
Jörg Poethkow
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Henkel AG and Co KGaA
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Henkel AG and Co KGaA
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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/39Organic or inorganic per-compounds
    • C11D3/3902Organic or inorganic per-compounds combined with specific additives
    • C11D3/3905Bleach activators or bleach catalysts
    • C11D3/3907Organic compounds
    • C11D3/3917Nitrogen-containing compounds
    • C11D3/3925Nitriles; Isocyanates or quarternary ammonium nitriles
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16Organic compounds
    • C11D3/20Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C11D3/22Carbohydrates or derivatives thereof
    • C11D3/222Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16Organic compounds
    • C11D3/38Products with no well-defined composition, e.g. natural products
    • C11D3/386Preparations containing enzymes, e.g. protease or amylase
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16Organic compounds
    • C11D3/38Products with no well-defined composition, e.g. natural products
    • C11D3/386Preparations containing enzymes, e.g. protease or amylase
    • C11D3/38627Preparations containing enzymes, e.g. protease or amylase containing lipase
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16Organic compounds
    • C11D3/38Products with no well-defined composition, e.g. natural products
    • C11D3/386Preparations containing enzymes, e.g. protease or amylase
    • C11D3/38645Preparations containing enzymes, e.g. protease or amylase containing cellulase
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/39Organic or inorganic per-compounds
    • C11D3/3902Organic or inorganic per-compounds combined with specific additives
    • C11D3/3905Bleach activators or bleach catalysts
    • C11D3/3932Inorganic compounds or complexes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the enhancement of the cleaning performance of enzyme-containing detergents or cleaners, the in addition to usual ingredients a specific bleach activator from the group of contain cationic nitriles.
  • Detergents contain in addition to the ingredients indispensable for the washing process As surfactants and builders are usually other ingredients that you see below the term washing aids can summarize and the so different groups of active ingredients such as foam regulators, grayness inhibitors, bleaches and Color transfer inhibitors. Such excipients also include substances which the surfactant performance by the enzymatic degradation of on the textile support stains present. The same applies mutatis mutandis to cleaning agents for hard surfaces. It comes next to the protein removal supporting Proteases and the lipolytic lipases the amylases, which is the task have the removal of starchy soils by the catalytic hydrolysis of starch polysaccharide, and cellulases are of particular importance.
  • Cellulases have long been used as softening agents for cotton fabrics because of their Ability to break down cellulose is known. For this effect mechanism takes it is believed that laundry softening cellulases prefer microfibrous cellulose, so-called fibrils, hydrolytically attack and remove from the surface of the Cotton fiber protrudes and the free sliding of cotton fibers on top of each other with special needs. A side effect of this degradation of fibrils is also the deepening of the optical color impression.
  • the oxidation effect of the inorganic peroxygen compounds can be improved by adding so-called bleach activators, for the numerous proposals, especially from the classes of N- or O-acyl compounds, for example, polyacylated alkylenediamines, especially tetraacetylethylenediamine, acylated glycolurils, in particular tetraacetylglycoluril, N- acylated hydantoins, hydrazides, triazoles, hydrotriazines, urazoles, diketopiperazines, sulfururamides and cyanurates, in addition carboxylic acid anhydrides, in particular phthalic anhydride, carboxylic acid esters, in particular sodium nonanoyloxy-benzenesulfonate, sodium isononanoyloxy-benzenesulfonate and acylated sugar derivatives, such as pentaacetylglucose, have become known in the literature , By adding these substances,
  • acetonitrile derivatives as bleach activators in washing or Cleaning agents are also known from the documents EP 0 897 974 A1, DE 197 40 171 A1, EP 0 464 880 A1, EP 0 303 520 A2, WO 98/23533 A1, WO 96/40661 A1, WO 98/23718 and EP 0 790 244 A1.
  • the invention relates to the use of a combination of an acetonitrile derivative of the general formula I in which X is an anion, and a protease for increasing the cleaning performance of detergents and cleaners against proteinaceous soils when used in particular aqueous washing and cleaning solutions containing peroxygen compound.
  • the anions X - include in particular the halides such as chloride, fluoride, iodide and bromide, nitrate, hydroxide, hexafluorophosphate, sulfate, hydrogen sulfate, metho and ethosulfate, chlorate, perchlorate, and the anions of carboxylic acids such as formate, acetate, benzoate or citrate , Preference is given to the use of compounds of the formula I in which X is chloride, sulfate, hydrogen sulfate or methosulfate.
  • An acetonitrile derivative according to formula I is in funds in the context of the use according to the invention, preferably in amounts of from 1% by weight to 10% by weight, in particular from 2% by weight to 7% by weight contain.
  • a washing or cleaning agent preferably contains 0.001 mg to 0.5 mg, in particular 0.02 mg to 0.3 mg, of enzymatically active protein per gram of the total composition.
  • the protein concentration can be determined by known methods, for example the bicinchonic acid method (BCA method, Pierce Chemical Co., Rockford, IL) or the biuret method (AG Gornall, CS Bardawill and MM David, J. Biol. Chem. 177 , 751-766, 1948).
  • proteases include those from microorganisms, especially bacteria or fungi, recoverable enzymes with a pH optimum in the alkaline range, for example, those described in international patent applications WO 92/07067, WO 91/02792, WO 88/03947 or WO 88/03946 or European Patent applications EP 471 265, EP 416 967 or EP 394 352 known proteases.
  • Protease is in an agent in the context of the use according to the invention preferably used in such amounts.
  • the finished agent is 100 PE / g to 7 500 PE / g (protease units per gram) according to the method described in Tenside 7, 125 (1970)), in particular 125 PE / g to 5,000 PE / g and more preferably 150 PE / g to 4 500 PE / g.
  • Useful proteases are commercially available, for example under the name BLAP®, Savinase®, Esperase®, Maxatase®, Optimase®, Alcalase®, Durazym®, Everlase®, Maxapem® or Purafect® OxP.
  • amylases preferably in Combination with at least one other enzyme are used include the enzymes which can be obtained from bacteria or fungi, which preferably have a pH optimum in the alkaline range to about pH 10 have.
  • Usable commercial products are for example Termamyl®, Maxamyl®, Duramyl® or Purafect® OxAm.
  • amylase is used in the agent according to the invention preferably in such amounts that the finished means 0.01 KNU / g to 2 KNU / g ("Kilo-Novo-Units" per gram according to the Standard method of the company Novo, where 1 KNU is the amount of enzyme, the 5.26 g of starch at pH 5.6 and 37 ° C, based on that of P. Bernfeld in S.P. Colowick and N.D. Kaplan, Methods in Enzymology, Vol. 1, 1955, page 149), in particular from 0.015 KNU / g to 1.8 KNU / g and more preferably from 0.03 KNU / g to 1.6 KNU / g.
  • the agent contains an amylase, it will preferably selected from genetically modified amylases. Genetically Modified amylases are known, for example, from the international patent applications WO 94/18314 or WO 95/21247.
  • lipase is an enzyme obtainable from microorganisms, especially bacteria or fungi.
  • microorganisms especially bacteria or fungi.
  • EP 0 204 208 EP 0 214 761, EP 0 258 068, EP 0 385 401, EP 0 407 225, EP 0 571 982 or the international Patent applications WO 87/00859 or WO 90/10695 known.
  • Lipase is in the Agent preferably used in amounts such that the finished Means a lipolytic activity ranging from 10 LU / g to 10,000 LU / g ("Lipase activity Units "per gram, determined by the enzymatic hydrolysis of tributyrin 30 ° C and pH 7 according to the method mentioned in EP 258 068), in particular 80 LU / g to 5,000 LU / g, and more preferably 100 LU / g to 1000 LU / g.
  • commercial Lipases are for example Lipolase®, Lipomax®, Lumafast® and Lipozym®.
  • the useful cellulase belongs to the enzymes obtainable from bacteria or fungi, which have a pH optimum preferably in the almost neutral to slightly alkaline pH range of 6 to 9.5.
  • Such cellulases are known, for example, from German laid-open applications DE 31 17 250, DE 32 07 825, DE 32 07 847, DE 33 22 950, European patent applications EP 265 832, EP 269 977, EP 270 974, EP 273 125 and EP 339 550 or International Patent Applications WO 96/34108 and WO 97/34005.
  • the finished agent has a cellulolytic activity of 0.05 IU / g to 1.5 IU / g ("International Units" per gram, based on the enzymatic hydrolysis of Na-carboxymethylcellulose at pH 9.0 and 40 ° C, as described in Agric. Biol. Chem. 53 , 1275 (1989) by S. Ito et al.), In particular 0.07 IU / g to 1.4 IU / g and particularly preferably 0, 1 IU / g to 1.3 IU / g.
  • Suitable commercial products are, for example, Celluzyme® from the manufacturer Novo Nordisk or KAC® from Kao.
  • suitable peroxygen compounds in particular hydrogen peroxide and hydrogen peroxide under the washing conditions donating inorganic salts.
  • alkali perborates, percarbonates. -persilicates and / or persulfates such as caroate, but also organic peracids, respectively pers acid salts of organic acids, such as phthalimidopercaproic acid, perbenzoic acid or salts of diperdodecanedioic acid, into consideration.
  • solid peroxygen compounds can be used in the form of powders or Granules are used, which can also be wrapped in a manner known in principle.
  • Peroxygen compounds are in amounts of preferably up to 50% by weight, in particular from 5 wt% to 30 wt%, and more preferably from 8 wt% to 25 wt .-% present.
  • bleach stabilizers such as phosphonates, borates or metaborates and metasilicates and magnesium salts such as magnesium sulfate may be useful.
  • the use of the invention consists essentially in the presence of a contaminated with proteinaceous soils To create surface conditions under which a peroxidic oxidizer and the invention essential combination of acetonitrile derivative and enzyme with each other can react. Such conditions exist in particular if all Reactants in aqueous solution meet. This can be done by separate Addition of the peroxygen compound and the drug combination to a detergent-containing solution done. This is particularly advantageous using a detergent or cleaning agent containing the Combination of acetonitrile derivative and enzyme and a peroxygen-containing Contains oxidant carried out.
  • the detergents and cleaners in particular powdered solids, in densified particle form, as homogeneous solutions or Suspensions may be present except those used in the invention Active ingredient combination in principle all known and customary in such agents ingredients contain.
  • the agents may in particular be builders, Surface-active surfactants, additional bleaching agents based on organic and / or inorganic peroxygen compounds, additional bleach activators, water miscible organic solvents, additional enzymes, sequestering agents, Electrolytes, pH regulators and other auxiliaries, such as optical brighteners, grayness inhibitors, Color transfer inhibitors, foam regulators, silver corrosion inhibitors as well as colors and fragrances.
  • the agents may contain one or more surfactants, wherein in particular anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants and mixtures thereof, but also cationic, zwitterionic and amphoteric surfactants come into question.
  • Suitable nonionic surfactants are in particular alkyl glycosides and ethoxylation and / or Propoxylation products of alkyl glycosides or linear or branched Alcohols each having 12 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety and 3 to 20, preferably 4 to 10 alkyl ether groups. Furthermore, corresponding ethoxylation and / or propoxylation products of N-alkylamines, vicinal diols, fatty acid esters and fatty acid amides, which correspond to said long-chain alcohol derivatives with regard to the alkyl part, and of alkylphenols having 5 to 12 C atoms in the alkyl radical.
  • nonionic surfactants are preferably alkoxylated, advantageously ethoxylated, especially primary alcohols having preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms and an average of 1 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide (EO) per mole of alcohol used in which the alcohol radical linear or preferably methyl branched in the 2-position may be or contain linear and methyl-branched radicals in the mixture, as they are usually present in Oxoalkoholresten.
  • EO ethylene oxide
  • alcohol ethoxylates with linear radicals of alcohols of natural origin having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, for example of coconut, palm, tallow or oleyl alcohol, and on average 2 to 8 EO per mole of alcohol are preferred.
  • the preferred ethoxylated alcohols include, for example, C 12 -C 14 -alcohols with 3 EO or 4 EO, C 9 -C 11 -alcohols with 7 EO, C 13 -C 15 -alcohols with 3 EO, 5 EO, 7 EO or 8 EO, C 12 -C 18 -alcohols with 3 EO, 5 EO or 7 EO and mixtures of these, such as mixtures of C 12 -C 14 -alcohol with 3 EO and C 12 -C 18 -alcohol with 7 EO.
  • the degrees of ethoxylation given represent statistical means which, for a particular product, may be an integer or a fractional number.
  • Preferred alcohol ethoxylates have a narrow homolog distribution (narrow range ethoxylates, NRE).
  • fatty alcohols with more than 12 EO can also be used. Examples include (tallow) fatty alcohols with 14 EO, 16 EO, 20 EO, 25 EO, 30 EO or 40 EO.
  • detergents for use in automatic dishwashing processes usually extremely low-foam compounds are used. These include preferably C 12 -C 18 -alkylpolyethylenglykol-polypropylene glycol ethers with in each case at to 8 mol ethylene oxide and propylene oxide units in the molecule.
  • low-foam nonionic surfactants such as, for example, C 12 -C 18 -alkyl polyethylene glycol-polybutylene glycol ethers having in each case up to 8 mol of ethylene oxide and butylene oxide units in the molecule and end-capped alkylpolyalkylene glycol mixed ethers.
  • C 12 -C 18 -alkyl polyethylene glycol-polybutylene glycol ethers having in each case up to 8 mol of ethylene oxide and butylene oxide units in the molecule and end-capped alkylpolyalkylene glycol mixed ethers.
  • hydroxyl-containing alkoxylated alcohols as described in European Patent Application EP 0 300 305, so-called hydroxy mixed ethers.
  • the nonionic surfactants also include alkyl glycosides of the general formula RO (G) x in which R is a primary straight-chain or methyl-branched, in particular 2-methyl-branched aliphatic radical having 8 to 22, preferably 12 to 18 carbon atoms and G represents a glycose unit having 5 or 6 C atoms, preferably glucose.
  • the degree of oligomerization x which indicates the distribution of monoglycosides and oligoglycosides, is any number-the size of which can be determined to be analytically determined-which may also be broken values-between 1 and 10; preferably x is 1.2 to 1.4.
  • polyhydroxy fatty acid amides of the formula (II) in which R 1 is CO for an aliphatic acyl radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, R 2 is hydrogen, an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and [Z] is a linear or branched polyhydroxyalkyl radical having 3 to 10 carbon atoms and 3 to 10 hydroxyl groups:
  • the polyhydroxy fatty acid amides are preferably derived from reducing sugars having 5 or 6 carbon atoms, in particular from glucose.
  • the group of polyhydroxy fatty acid amides also includes compounds of the formula (III) in the R 3 is a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl radical having 7 to 12 carbon atoms, R 4 is a linear, branched or cyclic alkylene radical or an arylene radical having 2 to 8 carbon atoms and R 5 is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical or a Aryl radical or an oxy-alkyl radical having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, wherein C 1 -C 4 alkyl or phenyl radicals are preferred, and [Z] is a linear polyhydroxyalkyl radical whose alkyl chain is substituted with at least two hydroxyl groups, or alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated or propoxylated derivatives of this group.
  • [Z] is also obtained here preferably by reductive amination of a sugar such as glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, galactose, mannose or xylose.
  • a sugar such as glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, galactose, mannose or xylose.
  • the N-alkoxy- or N-aryloxy-substituted compounds can then be converted into the desired polyhydroxy fatty acid amides according to the teaching of international patent application WO 95/07331 by reaction with fatty acid methyl esters in the presence of an alkoxide as catalyst.
  • nonionic surfactants used either as the sole nonionic surfactant or in combination with other nonionic surfactants, in particular together with alkoxylated fatty alcohols and / or alkyl glycosides, are alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated or ethoxylated and propoxylated fatty acid alkyl esters, preferably from 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain, in particular fatty acid methyl esters, as described for example in Japanese Patent Application JP 58/217598 or which are preferably prepared according to the method described in International Patent Application WO 90/13533.
  • Nonionic surfactants of the amine oxide type for example N-cocoalkyl-N, N-dimethylamine oxide and N-tallowalkyl-N, N-dihydroxyethylamine oxide, and the fatty acid alkanolamides may also be suitable.
  • the amount of these nonionic surfactants is preferably not more than that of the ethoxylated fatty alcohols, especially not more than half thereof.
  • Other suitable surfactants are so-called gemini surfactants. These are generally understood as meaning those compounds which have two hydrophilic groups per molecule. These groups are usually separated by a so-called "spacer". This spacer is usually a carbon chain that should be long enough for the hydrophilic groups to be spaced sufficiently apart for them to act independently of each other.
  • Such surfactants are generally characterized by an unusually low critical micelle concentration and the ability to greatly reduce the surface tension of the water.
  • gemini surfactants not only such "dimer”, but also corresponding to "trimeric” surfactants understood.
  • Suitable gemini surfactants are, for example, sulfated hydroxy mixed ethers according to German patent application DE 43 21 022 or dimer alcohol bis- and trimer alcohol tris sulfates and ether sulfates according to German patent application DE 195 03 061.
  • End group-capped dimeric and trimeric mixed ethers according to German patent application DE 195 13 391 are characterized by their bi- and multi-functionality.
  • the end-capped surfactants mentioned have good wetting properties and are low foaming, so that they are particularly suitable for use in machine washing or cleaning processes.
  • gemini-polyhydroxy fatty acid amides or poly-polyhydroxy fatty acid amides as described in international patent applications WO 95/19953, WO 95/19954 and WO 95/19955.
  • Suitable anionic surfactants are in particular soaps and those which contain sulfate or sulfonate groups.
  • surfactants of the sulfonate type are preferably C 9 -C 13 alkylbenzenesulfonates, Olefinsulfonate, that is, mixtures of alkene and hydroxyalkanesulfonates and disulfonates, as they are, for example, from C 12 -C 18 monoolefins with terminal or internal double bond by sulfonation with gaseous sulfur trioxide and subsequent alkaline or acid hydrolysis of the sulfonation obtained.
  • alkanesulfonates which are obtained from C 12 -C 18 -alkanes, for example by sulfochlorination or sulfoxidation with subsequent hydrolysis or neutralization.
  • esters of ⁇ -sulfo fatty acids esters of ⁇ -sulfo fatty acids (ester sulfonates), for example the ⁇ -sulfonated methyl esters of hydrogenated coconut, palm kernel or tallow fatty acids obtained by ⁇ -sulfonation of the methyl esters of fatty acids of plant and / or animal origin with 8 to 20 C -Atomen in the fatty acid molecule and subsequent neutralization to water-soluble mono-salts are prepared, into consideration.
  • ⁇ -sulfonated esters of hydrogenated coconut, palm, palm kernel or tallow fatty acids although sulfonated products of unsaturated fatty acids, for example oleic acid, in small amounts, preferably in amounts not above about 2 to 3 wt. %, can be present.
  • ⁇ -sulfofatty acid alkyl esters are preferred which have an alkyl chain with not more than 4 C atoms in the ester group, for example, methyl ester, ethyl ester, propyl ester and butyl ester.
  • the methyl esters of ⁇ -sulfo fatty acids (MES), but also their saponified disalts are used.
  • Suitable anionic surfactants are sulfated fatty acid glycerol esters, which are mono-, di- and triesters and mixtures thereof, as in the preparation by esterification by a monoglycerol with 1 to 3 moles of fatty acid or in the transesterification of triglycerides with 0.3 to 2 moles of glycerol to be obtained.
  • alk (en) ylsulfates are the alkali metal salts and, in particular, the sodium salts of the sulfuric monoesters of C 12 -C 18 fatty alcohols, for example coconut fatty alcohol, tallow fatty alcohol, lauryl, myristyl, cetyl or stearyl alcohol or the C 10 -C 20 oxo alcohols and those half-esters of secondary alcohols of this chain length are preferred.
  • alk (en) ylsulfates of said chain length which contain a synthetic, produced on a petrochemical basis straight-chain alkyl radical, which have an analogous degradation behavior as the adequate compounds based on oleochemical raw materials.
  • C 12 -C 16 -alkyl sulfates and C 12 -C 15 -alkyl sulfates and C 14 -C 15 -alkyl sulfates are particularly preferred.
  • 2,3-Alkyl sulfates which are prepared, for example, according to US Pat. Nos. 3,234,258 or 5,075,041 and can be obtained as commercial products of the Shell Oil Company under the name DAN®, are suitable anionic surfactants.
  • sulfuric acid monoesters of straight-chain or branched C 7 -C 21 -alcohols ethoxylated with from 1 to 6 mol of ethylene oxide such as 2-methyl-branched C 9 -C 11 -alcohols having on average 3.5 mol of ethylene oxide (EO) or C 12 - C 18 -fatty alcohols with 1 to 4 EO.
  • EO ethylene oxide
  • the preferred anionic surfactants also include the salts of alkylsulfosuccinic acid, which are also referred to as sulfosuccinates or sulfosuccinic acid esters, and which are monoesters and / or diesters of sulfosuccinic acid with alcohols, preferably fatty alcohols and in particular ethoxylated fatty alcohols.
  • alcohols preferably fatty alcohols and in particular ethoxylated fatty alcohols.
  • Preferred sulfosuccinates contain C 8 to C 18 fatty alcohol residues or mixtures of these.
  • Particularly preferred sulfosuccinates contain a fatty alcohol residue derived from ethoxylated fatty alcohols, which by themselves are nonionic surfactants.
  • Sulfosuccinates whose fatty alcohol residues are derived from ethoxylated fatty alcohols with a narrow homolog distribution, are again particularly preferred.
  • alk (en) ylsuccinic acid having preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alk (en) yl chain or salts thereof.
  • Suitable further anionic surfactants are fatty acid derivatives of amino acids, for example N-methyltaurine (Tauride) and / or N-methylglycine (sarcosides).
  • sarcosides or the sarcosinates and here especially sarcosinates of higher and optionally monounsaturated or polyunsaturated fatty acids such as oleyl sarcosinate.
  • anionic surfactants are particularly soaps into consideration.
  • Particularly suitable are saturated fatty acid soaps, such as the salts of lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, hydrogenated erucic acid and behenic acid and, in particular, soap mixtures derived from natural fatty acids, for example coconut, palm kernel or tallow fatty acids. Together with these soaps or as a substitute for soaps, it is also possible to use the known alkenylsuccinic acid salts.
  • the anionic surfactants may be in the form of their sodium, Potassium or ammonium salts and as soluble salts of organic bases, such as mono-, Di- or triethanolamine.
  • the anionic surfactants are in Form of their sodium or potassium salts, in particular in the form of the sodium salts.
  • surfactants are present in detergents in proportions of preferably 5 wt .-% to 50 wt .-%, in particular from 8 wt .-% to 30 wt .-%, whereas Agent for cleaning hard surfaces, in particular for machine cleaning of dishes, lower surfactant contents of up to 10 wt .-%, in particular up to 5 wt .-%, and preferably in the range of 0.5 wt .-% to 3 wt .-% have.
  • an agent preferably contains at least one water-soluble and / or water-insoluble, organic and / or inorganic builder.
  • the water-soluble organic builder substances include polycarboxylic acids, in particular citric acid and sugar acids, monomeric and polymeric aminopolycarboxylic acids, in particular methylglycinediacetic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and polyaspartic acid, polyphosphonic acids, in particular aminotris (methylenephosphonic acid), ethylenediaminetetrakis (methylenephosphonic acid) and 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid, polymeric hydroxy compounds such as dextrin and polymeric (poly) carboxylic acids, in particular the accessible by oxidation of polysaccharides or dextrins polycarboxylates of European Patent EP 0 625 992 or the international patent application WO 92/18542 or European Patent EP 0 232 202
  • the molecular weight of the homopolymers of unsaturated carboxylic acids is generally between 3,000 and 200,000, of the copolymers between 2,000 and 200,000, preferably 30,000 to 120,000, each based on the free acid.
  • a particularly preferred acrylic acid-maleic acid copolymer has a molecular weight of from 30,000 to 100,000.
  • Commercially available products are, for example, Sokalan® CP 5, CP 10 and PA 30 from BASF.
  • Suitable, although less preferred, compounds of this class are copolymers of acrylic or methacrylic acid with vinyl ethers, such as vinylmethyl ethers, vinyl esters, ethylene, propylene and styrene, in which the acid content is at least 50% by weight.
  • the first acidic monomer or its salt is derived from a monoethylenically unsaturated C 3 -C 8 -carboxylic acid and preferably from a C 3 -C 4 -monocarboxylic acid, in particular from (meth) -acrylic acid.
  • the second acidic monomer or its salt may be a derivative of a C 4 -C 8 -dicarboxylic acid, with maleic acid being particularly preferred, and / or a derivative of an allylsulfonic acid which is substituted in the 2-position by an alkyl or aryl radical.
  • Such polymers can be prepared in particular by methods which are described in German Patent DE 42 21 381 and German Patent Application DE 43 00 772, and generally have a molecular weight between 1,000 and 200,000. Further preferred copolymers are those which are described in the German patent applications DE 43 03 320 and DE 44 17 734 and preferably have as monomers acrolein and acrylic acid / acrylic acid salts or vinyl acetate.
  • the organic builder substances can be used, in particular for the preparation of liquid agents, in the form of aqueous solutions, preferably in the form of 30 to 50 percent by weight aqueous solutions. All of the acids mentioned are generally used in the form of their water-soluble salts, in particular their alkali metal salts.
  • organic builders may be used in amounts up to 40 wt .-%, in particular up to 25 wt .-% and preferably from 1 wt .-% to 8 wt .-% be included. Quantities near the upper limit mentioned are preferably used in pasty or liquid, in particular hydrous, agents used.
  • water-soluble inorganic builder materials are in particular alkali metal silicates, Alkaline carbonates and alkali phosphates, in the form of their alkaline, neutral or acidic Sodium or potassium salts may be present, into consideration.
  • examples for this are Trisodium phosphate, tetrasodium diphosphate, disodium dihydrogen diphosphate, pentasodium triphosphate, so-called sodium hexametaphosphate, oligomeric Trisodium phosphate with degrees of oligomerization of 5 to 1000, in particular 5 to 50, and the corresponding potassium salts or mixtures of sodium and Potassium salts.
  • water-insoluble, water-dispersible inorganic builder materials in particular crystalline or amorphous alkali metal aluminosilicates, in quantities of up to 50% by weight, preferably not more than 40% by weight and in particular in liquid agents from 1% by weight to 5% by weight.
  • crystalline ones Detergent grade sodium aluminosilicates, in particular zeolite A, P and optionally X, alone or in mixtures, for example in the form of a co-crystallizate from the Zeolites A and X (Vegobond® AX, a commercial product of Condea Augusta S.p.A.), prefers.
  • Quantities near the upper limit mentioned are preferably in solid, particulate Funds used.
  • Suitable aluminosilicates have no particular Particles having a particle size greater than 30 microns and are preferably at least 80 wt .-% of particles with a size less than 10 microns.
  • Your calcium binding capacity the can be determined according to the specifications of German Patent DE 24 12 837 is usually in the range of 100 to 200 mg CaO per gram.
  • Suitable substitutes or partial substitutes for the said aluminosilicate are crystalline alkali silicates which may be present alone or in a mixture with amorphous silicates.
  • the alkali metal silicates useful as builders in the compositions according to the invention preferably have a molar ratio of alkali oxide to SiO 2 below 0.95, in particular from 1: 1.1 to 1:12, and may be present in amorphous or crystalline form.
  • Preferred alkali metal silicates are the sodium silicates, in particular the amorphous sodium silicates, with a molar ratio of Na 2 O: SiO 2 of 1: 2 to 1: 2.8.
  • crystalline silicates which may be present alone or in admixture with amorphous silicates, are crystalline layer silicates with the general formula Na 2 Si x O 2x + 1 ⁇ y H are used 2 O, in which x, known as the modulus, an integer from 1 9 to 22, especially 1.9 to 4, and y is a number from 0 to 33 and preferred values for x are 2, 3 or 4. Crystalline layered silicates which fall under this general formula are described, for example, in European Patent Application EP 0 164 514.
  • Preferred crystalline phyllosilicates are those in which x in the abovementioned general formula assumes the values 2 or 3.
  • both ⁇ - and ⁇ -sodium disilicates Na 2 Si 2 O 5 .yH 2 O
  • ⁇ -sodium disilicate can be obtained, for example, by the process described in international patent application WO 91/08171.
  • ⁇ -Sodium silicates with a modulus between 1.9 and 3.2 can be prepared according to Japanese patent applications JP 04/238 809 or JP 04/260 610.
  • Crystalline sodium silicates with a modulus in the range of 1.9 to 3.5, as obtainable by the processes of European patents EP 0 164 552 and / or EP 0 294 753, are used in a further preferred embodiment of such agents.
  • Crystalline layer-form silicates of formula (I) given above are sold by Clariant GmbH under the trade name Na-SKS, eg Na-SKS-1 (Na 2 Si 22 O 45 .xH 2 O, Kenyaite), Na-SKS 2 (Na 2 Si 14 O 29 .xH 2 O, magadiite), Na-SKS-3 (Na 2 Si 8 O 17 .xH 2 O) or Na-SKS-4 (Na 2 Si 4 O 9 .xH 2 O , Makatit).
  • Na-SKS eg Na-SKS-1 (Na 2 Si 22 O 45 .xH 2 O, Kenyaite)
  • Na-SKS 2 Na 2 Si 14 O 29 .xH 2 O, magadiite
  • Na-SKS-5 ⁇ -Na 2 Si 2 O 5
  • Na-SKS-7 ⁇ -Na 2 Si 2 O 5 , natrosilite
  • Na-SKS-9 NaHSi 2 O 5 ⁇ 3H 2 O
  • Na-SKS-10 NaHSi 2 O 5 ⁇ 3H 2 O, kanemite
  • Na-SKS-11 t-Na 2 Si 2 O 5
  • Na-SKS-13 NaHSi 2 O 5
  • Na-SKS-6 ⁇ -Na 2 Si 2 O 5
  • compositions within the scope of the inventive use a granular compound of crystalline phyllosilicate and citrate, of crystalline phyllosilicate and of the abovementioned (co) polymeric polycarboxylic acid, as described, for example, in German patent application DE 198 19 187, or from alkali metal silicate and alkali metal carbonate, as described, for example, in International Patent Application WO 95/22592 or as it is commercially available, for example, under the name Nabion® 15.
  • Builders may be used in the compositions in the context of the use according to the invention optionally in quantities be contained up to 90 wt .-%. They are preferably in amounts of up to 75% by weight. contain.
  • Detergents have in the context of the inventive use builder contents of particular 5 wt .-% to 50 wt .-% on. In means for cleaning hard Surfaces, especially for machine cleaning of dishes, the content is to builders, in particular 5 wt .-% to 88 wt .-%, wherein in such agents preferably no water-insoluble builder materials are used.
  • means for particular mechanical Cleaning dishes are in the context of the use according to the invention 20 wt .-% to 40 wt .-% of water-soluble organic Builder, in particular alkali citrate, 5 wt .-% to 15 wt .-% alkali carbonate and 20 wt .-% contain up to 40 wt .-% Alkalidisilikat.
  • bleach activators in particular Compounds which, under perhydrolysis conditions, are aliphatic peroxycarboxylic acids preferably 1 to 10 C-atoms, in particular 2 to 4 C-atoms, and / or optionally substituted perbenzoic acid, can be used.
  • suitable Substances which contain O- and / or N-acyl groups of said C atom number and / or optionally bear substituted benzoyl groups.
  • acylated Alkylenediamines especially tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED), acylated Triazine derivatives, in particular 1,5-diacetyl-2,4-dioxohexahydro-1,3,5-triazine (DADHT), acylated glycolurils, in particular tetraacetylglycoluril (TAGU), N-acylimides, in particular N-nonanoylsuccinimide (NOSI), acylated phenolsulfonates, especially n-nonanoyl or isononanoyloxybenzenesulfonate (n- or iso-NOBS), Carboxylic anhydrides, especially phthalic anhydride, acylated polyvalent Alcohols, especially triacetin, ethylene glycol diacetate, 2,5-diacetoxy-2,5-dihydrofuran and from German patent applications DE 196 16 693
  • bleach activators in their place can also from sulfonimines known from European patents EP 0 446 982 and EP 0 453 003 and / or bleach-enhancing transition metal salts or Transition metal complexes may be included as so-called bleach catalysts.
  • transition metal compounds include in particular those from the German patent application DE 195 29 905 known manganese, iron, cobalt, Ruthenium or molybdenum-salene complexes and their from the German Patent Application DE 196 20 267 known N-analogues, from the German Patent application DE 195 36 082 known manganese, iron, cobalt, ruthenium or Molybdenum-carbonyl complexes described in German Patent Application DE 196 05 688 described manganese, iron, cobalt, ruthenium, molybdenum, titanium, vanadium and Copper complexes with nitrogen-containing tripod ligands derived from the German Patent Application DE 196 20 411 discloses known cobalt, iron, copper and ruthenium-ammine complexes, those described in the German patent application DE 44 16 438 Manganese, copper and cobalt complexes described in the European patent application EP 0 272 030 described cobalt complexes described in the European patent application EP 0 693
  • Bleach-enhancing active ingredient combination can be used in agents in the context of the use according to the invention used become.
  • Combinations of bleach activators and transition metal bleach catalysts are for example from the German patent application DE 196 13 103 and the international patent application WO 95/27775.
  • bleach-boosting Transition metal complexes in particular with the central atoms Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Mo, V, Ti and / or Ru, in usual amounts, preferably in an amount up to 1 wt .-%, in particular from 0.0025% by weight to 0.25% by weight and more preferably from 0.01 wt .-% to 0.1 wt .-%, each based on the total agent used.
  • agents additionally usable enzymes come from the class of Cutinases, pullulanases, hemicellulases, oxidases, laccases and peroxidases as well their mixtures in question.
  • Particularly suitable are from fungi or bacteria, such as Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus lentus, Streptomyces griseus, Humicola lanuginosa, Humicola insolens, Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes, Pseudomonas cepacia or Coprinus cinereus derived enzymatic agents.
  • the enzymes can, as for example in the European patent EP 0 564 476 or in the International Patent Application WO 94/23005, adsorbed on carriers and / or embedded in encapsulating substances to prevent premature inactivation protect. They are in detergents or cleaners in the context of the use according to the invention preferably in amounts of up to 5% by weight, in particular from 0.2% by weight to 4% by weight, contain.
  • water usable organic solvents include alcohols having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, in particular methanol, ethanol, isopropanol and tert-butanol, diols having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, in particular ethylene glycol and propylene glycol, as well as their mixtures and the derivable from the mentioned classes of compounds Ether.
  • Such water-miscible solvents are in the compositions preferably in amounts not exceeding 30% by weight, in particular from 6% by weight to 20 wt .-%, present.
  • the agents may be more common in detergents and cleaners Contain ingredients.
  • These optional ingredients include in particular Enzyme stabilizers, grayness inhibitors, dye transfer inhibitors, foam inhibitors, and optical brighteners, as well as dyes and fragrances.
  • Silver corrosion protection can be used in cleaning agents for dishes in the context of the use according to the invention Silver corrosion inhibitors are used.
  • One Cleaning agent for hard surfaces can in the context of the inventive use beyond abrasive acting Ingredients, in particular from the group comprising quartz flours, wood flours, Plastic flours, chalks and glass microspheres and mixtures thereof.
  • Abrasives are in the detergents in the context of the use according to the invention preferably not over 20 wt .-%, in particular from 5 wt .-% to 15 wt .-%, contain.
  • non-self-evolving pH can be the means in the context of the inventive use system and environmentally friendly acids, in particular citric acid, acetic acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, Lactic acid, glycolic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid and / or adipic acid, but also mineral acids, in particular sulfuric acid, or bases, in particular ammonium or alkali hydroxides.
  • Such pH regulators are in the funds in the context of the inventive use in amounts of preferably not more than 20 wt .-%, in particular of 1.2 wt .-% to 17 wt .-%, contained.
  • color transfer inhibitors include polyvinylpyrrolidones, polyvinylimidazoles, polymeric N-oxides such as poly (vinylpyridine-N-exide) and copolymers of Vinylpyrrolidone with vinylimidazole.
  • Graying inhibitors have the task of removing the dirt removed from the textile fiber to keep suspended in the fleet.
  • water-soluble colloids are usually more organic Naturally suitable, for example, starch, glue, gelatin, salts of ether carboxylic acids or Ether sulfonic acids of starch or cellulose or salts of acidic Sulfuric acid esters of cellulose or starch.
  • water-soluble, acidic groups containing polyamides are suitable for this purpose.
  • starch derivatives for example aldehyde starches.
  • cellulose ethers such as carboxymethyl cellulose (Na salt), methyl cellulose, Hydroxyalkylcellulose and mixed ethers such as methylhydroxyethylcellulose, methylhydroxypropylcellulose, Methylcarboxymethylcellulose and mixtures thereof, for example in amounts of 0.1 to 5 wt .-%, based on the means used.
  • the detergents in the context of the use according to the invention may contain soil release polymers, which are generally composed of carboxylic acid units and optionally polymeric diol units and contain, for example, ethylene terephthalate and polyoxyethylene terephthalate groups.
  • Other monomer units for example, propylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, alkylene or alkenylene dicarboxylic acids, isophthalic acid, carboxy- or sulfo-substituted phthalic acid isomers may be included in the soil release polymer.
  • End-capped derivatives ie polymers which have neither free hydroxyl groups nor free carboxyl groups, but for example carry C 1-4 -alkyl groups or are terminally esterified with monobasic carboxylic acids, for example benzoic acid or sulfobenzoic acid, can be used.
  • polyesters disclosed in European Patent Application EP 0 241 985 which in addition to oxyethylene groups and terephthalic acid units contain 1,2-propylene, 1,2-butylene and / or 3-methoxy-1,2-propylene groups and also glycerol units and end-capped with C 1 to C 4 alkyl groups, the soil release polymers of ethylene terephthalate and polyethylene oxide terephthalate having a molecular weight of 900 to 9000 used in the agents of European patent application EP 0 253 567, wherein the polyethylene glycol units are molecular weights from 300 to 3000 and the molar ratio of ethylene terephthalate to polyethylene oxide terephthalate is 0.6 to 0.95, from polyesters known from European Patent Application EP 0 272 033, at least partially end-capped by C 1-4 alkyl or acyl radicals propylene terephthalate and polyoxyethylene terephthalate units, the sulfoethyl end mentioned in European Patent Application EP
  • polymers of ethylene terephthalate and Polyethylene oxide terephthalate in which the polyethylene glycol units have molecular weights of 750 to 5000 and the molar ratio of ethylene terephthalate to polyethylene oxide terephthalate 50:50 to 90:10 and their use in detergents in the German patent DE 28 57 292 is described, and Molecular weight polymers of from 15,000 to 50,000 ethylene terephthalate and polyethylene oxide terephthalate, wherein the polyethylene glycol units have molecular weights of 1000 to 10,000 and the molar ratio of ethylene terephthalate to polyethylene oxide terephthalate 2: 1 to 6: 1, which can be used according to the German patent application DE 33 24 258 in detergents ,
  • Textile detergents can in the context of the use according to the invention as optical brightener derivatives of Diaminostilbendisulfonklare or their alkali metal salts.
  • salts of 4,4'-bis (2-anilino-4-morpholino-1,3,5-triazinyl-6-amino) stilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid are suitable or similar compounds, instead of the morpholino group is a diethanolamino group, a methylamino group, a Anilino group or a 2-Methoxyethylaminoè wear.
  • Brighteners of the type of substituted Diphenylstyryle be present, for example, the Alkali salts of 4,4'-bis (2-sulfostyryl) -diphenyl, 4,4'-bis (4-chloro-3-sulfostyryl) -diphenyl, or 4- (4-chlorostyryl) -4 '- (2-sulfostyryl) -diphenyls. Also mixtures of the aforementioned optical brighteners can be used.
  • foam inhibitors are, for example, soaps of natural or synthetic origin, which have a high proportion of C 18 -C 24 fatty acids.
  • Suitable non-surfactant foam inhibitors are, for example, organopolysiloxanes and mixtures thereof with microfine, optionally silanized silica and paraffins, waxes, microcrystalline waxes and mixtures thereof with silicic acid or bis-fatty acid alkylenediamides. It is also advantageous to use mixtures of various foam inhibitors, for example those of silicones, paraffins or waxes.
  • the foam inhibitors in particular silicone and / or paraffin-containing foam inhibitors, are bound to a granular, water-soluble or dispersible carrier substance.
  • a granular, water-soluble or dispersible carrier substance In particular, mixtures of paraffins and bistearylethylenediamide are preferred.
  • suitable solid means no difficulties and can in a known manner, for example by spray-drying or granulation, where the enzymes and any other thermally sensitive ingredients such as Example bleach may be added separately later, if appropriate.
  • agents of increased bulk density in particular in the range of 650 g / l to 950 g / l, is one known from the European patent EP 0 486 592, preferred method comprising an extrusion step.
  • Another preferred Production by means of a granulation process is described in the European patent specification EP 0 642 576.
  • compositions in tablet form single phase or multiphase, monochrome or multicolor and in particular of a layer or of can consist of several, in particular of two layers, one goes in the context of the use according to the invention preferably in such a way that all components - if necessary, each one layer - in a mixer mixed together and the mixture by means of conventional tablet presses, For example, eccentric presses or rotary presses, pressed.
  • a tablet produced in this way has a weight of 10 g to 50 g, in particular from 15 g to 40 g.
  • the room shape of the tablets is arbitrary and can be round, oval or angular, whereby intermediate forms are possible.
  • Point round tablets preferably a diameter of 30 mm to 40 mm.
  • the size of square or cuboid shaped tablets, which predominantly over the Dosing be introduced, for example, the dishwasher, is depending on the geometry and the volume of this metering device.
  • exemplary preferred embodiments have a footprint of (20 to 30 mm) x (34 to 40 mm), in particular 26x36 mm or 24x38 mm.
  • Liquid or pasty detergents or cleaners in Form of common solvent-containing solutions in the context of the use according to the invention usually by simple Mix the ingredients in bulk or as a solution in an automatic Mixer can be given, manufactured.

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Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft die Verstärkung der Reinigungsleistung enzymhaltiger Wasch- oder Reinigungsmittel, die neben üblichen Bestandteilen einen bestimmten Bleichaktivator aus der Gruppe der kationischen Nitrile enthalten.The present invention relates to the enhancement of the cleaning performance of enzyme-containing detergents or cleaners, the in addition to usual ingredients a specific bleach activator from the group of contain cationic nitriles.

Waschmittel enthalten neben den für den Waschprozess unverzichtbaren Inhaltsstoffen wie Tensiden und Buildermaterialien in der Regel weitere Bestandteile, die man unter dem Begriff Waschhilfsstoffe zusammenfassen kann und die so unterschiedliche Wirkstoffgruppen wie Schaumregulatoren, Vergrauungsinhibitoren, Bleichmittel und Farbübertragungsinhibitoren umfassen. Zu derartigen Hilfsstoffen gehören auch Substanzen, welche die Tensidleistung durch den enzymatischen Abbau von auf dem Textil befindlichen Anschmutzungen unterstützen. Gleiches gilt sinngemäß auch für Reinigungsmittel für harte Oberflächen. Dabei kommt neben den die Proteinentfernung unterstützenden Proteasen und den fettspaltenden Lipasen den Amylasen, welche die Aufgabe haben, die Entfernung stärkehaltiger Anschmutzungen durch die katalytische Hydrolyse des Stärke-Polysaccharids zu erleichtern, und den Cellulasen besondere Bedeutung zu. Cellulasen seit längerem als Avivagewirkstoffe für Baumwollgewebe wegen ihrer Fähigkeit, Cellulose abzubauen, bekannt. Zum diesbezüglichen Wirkmechanismus nimmt man an, daß wäscheweichmachende Cellulasen bevorzugt mikrofaserige Cellulose, sogenannte Fibrillen, hydrolytisch angreifen und entfernen, die aus der Oberfläche der Baumwollfaser hervorsteht und das freie Gleiten der Baumwollfasern übereinander behindert. Ein Nebeneffekt dieses Abbaus von Fibrillen ist außerdem die Vertiefung des optischen Farbeindrucks.Detergents contain in addition to the ingredients indispensable for the washing process As surfactants and builders are usually other ingredients that you see below the term washing aids can summarize and the so different groups of active ingredients such as foam regulators, grayness inhibitors, bleaches and Color transfer inhibitors. Such excipients also include substances which the surfactant performance by the enzymatic degradation of on the textile support stains present. The same applies mutatis mutandis to cleaning agents for hard surfaces. It comes next to the protein removal supporting Proteases and the lipolytic lipases the amylases, which is the task have the removal of starchy soils by the catalytic hydrolysis of starch polysaccharide, and cellulases are of particular importance. Cellulases have long been used as softening agents for cotton fabrics because of their Ability to break down cellulose is known. For this effect mechanism takes it is believed that laundry softening cellulases prefer microfibrous cellulose, so-called fibrils, hydrolytically attack and remove from the surface of the Cotton fiber protrudes and the free sliding of cotton fibers on top of each other with special needs. A side effect of this degradation of fibrils is also the deepening of the optical color impression.

Weitere übliche Inhaltsstoffe von Wasch- und Reinigungsmitteln sind Wirkstoffe, welche die Bleichleistung des in derartigen Mitteln normalerweise vorhandenen Persauerstoff-Bleichmittels verbessern sollen. So werden anorganische Persauerstoffverbindungen, insbesondere Wasserstoffperoxid und feste Persauerstoffverbindungen, die sich in Wasser unter Freisetzung von Wasserstoffperoxid lösen, wie Natriumperborat und Natriumcarbonat-Perhydrat, seit langem als Oxidationsmittel zu Desinfektions- und Bleichzwecken verwendet. Die Oxidationswirkung dieser Substanzen hängt in verdünnten Lösungen stark von der Temperatur ab; so erzielt man beispielsweise mit H2O2 oder Perborat in alkalischen Bleichflotten erst bei Temperaturen oberhalb von etwa 60 °C eine ausreichend schnelle Bleiche verschmutzter Textilien. Bei niedrigeren Temperaturen kann die Oxidationswirkung der anorganischen Persauerstoffverbindungen durch Zusatz sogenannter Bleichaktivatoren verbessert werden, für die zahlreiche Vorschläge, vor allem aus den Stoffklassen der N- oder O-Acylverbindungen, beispielsweise mehrfach acylierte Alkylendiamine, insbesondere Tetraacetylethylendiamin, acylierte Glykolurile, insbesondere Tetraacetylglykoluril, N-acylierte Hydantoine, Hydrazide, Triazole, Hydrotriazine, Urazole, Diketopiperazine, Sulfurylamide und Cyanurate, außerdem Carbonsäureanhydride, insbesondere Phthalsäureanhydrid, Carbonsäureester, insbesondere Natriurn-nonanoyloxy-benzolsulfonat, Natrium-isononanoyloxy-benzolsulfonat und acylierte Zuckerderivate, wie Pentaacetylglukose, in der Literatur bekannt geworden sind. Durch Zusatz dieser Substanzen kann die Bleichwirkung wäßriger Peroxidflotten so weit gesteigert werden, daß bereits bei Temperaturen unterhalb 60 °C im wesentlichen die gleichen Wirkungen wie mit der Peroxidflotte allein bei 95 °C eintreten.Other common ingredients of detergents and cleaners are agents that are expected to improve the bleaching performance of the peroxygen bleach normally present in such compositions. Thus, inorganic peroxygen compounds, particularly hydrogen peroxide and solid peroxygen compounds which dissolve in water releasing hydrogen peroxide, such as sodium perborate and sodium carbonate perhydrate, have long been used as oxidizing agents for disinfecting and bleaching purposes. The oxidation effect of these substances in dilute solutions depends strongly on the temperature; Thus, for example, with H 2 O 2 or perborate in alkaline bleaching liquors only at temperatures above about 60 ° C, a sufficiently fast bleaching of soiled textiles. At lower temperatures, the oxidation effect of the inorganic peroxygen compounds can be improved by adding so-called bleach activators, for the numerous proposals, especially from the classes of N- or O-acyl compounds, for example, polyacylated alkylenediamines, especially tetraacetylethylenediamine, acylated glycolurils, in particular tetraacetylglycoluril, N- acylated hydantoins, hydrazides, triazoles, hydrotriazines, urazoles, diketopiperazines, sulfururamides and cyanurates, in addition carboxylic acid anhydrides, in particular phthalic anhydride, carboxylic acid esters, in particular sodium nonanoyloxy-benzenesulfonate, sodium isononanoyloxy-benzenesulfonate and acylated sugar derivatives, such as pentaacetylglucose, have become known in the literature , By adding these substances, the bleaching action of aqueous peroxide liquors can be increased so much that even at temperatures below 60 ° C substantially the same effects as with the peroxide solution alone at 95 ° C occur.

Aus der nicht vorveröffentlichten deutschen Patentanmeldung DE 198 24 687 sind Wasch- und Reinigungsmittel bekannt, die eine natürlich vorkommende α-Amylase und einen bleichaktivierenden Wirkstoff vom Typ der Acetonitril-Derivate enthalten.From the non-prepublished German patent application DE 198 24 687 are Detergents and cleaners known to have a naturally occurring α-amylase and a bleach-activating agent of the acetonitrile derivative type.

Der Einsatz von Acetonitril derivaten als Bleichaktivatoren in Wasch- bzw. Reinigungsmitteln ist auch aus den Dokumenten EP 0 897 974 A1, DE 197 40 171 A1, EP 0 464 880 A1, EP 0 303 520 A2, WO 98/23533 A1, WO 96/40661 A1, WO 98/23718 und EP 0 790 244 A1 bekannt.The use of acetonitrile derivatives as bleach activators in washing or Cleaning agents are also known from the documents EP 0 897 974 A1, DE 197 40 171 A1, EP 0 464 880 A1, EP 0 303 520 A2, WO 98/23533 A1, WO 96/40661 A1, WO 98/23718 and EP 0 790 244 A1.

Überraschenderweise wurde nun gefunden, daß die Kombination aus bestimmten bleichaktivierenden Wirkstoffen vom Typ der Acetonitril-Derivate mit Protease zu unerwartetet synergistischen Leistungsverbesserungen führt, wenn man sie in Waschoder Reinigungsmitteln einsetzt. Surprisingly, it has now been found that the combination of certain bleach-activating agents of the acetonitrile derivatives with protease type unexpectedly results in synergistic performance improvements when used in wash or Cleaning agents used.

Gegenstand der Erfindung ist die Verwendung einer Kombination aus einem Acetonitrilderivat der allgemeinen Formel I,

Figure 00030001
in der X ein Anion ist, und einer Protease zur Erhöhung der Reinigungsleistung von Waschund Reinigungsmitteln gegenüber proteinhaltigen Anschmutzungen bei deren Anwendung in insbesondere wäßrigen Wasch- und Reinigungslösungen, die Persauerstoffverbindung enthalten. The invention relates to the use of a combination of an acetonitrile derivative of the general formula I
Figure 00030001
in which X is an anion, and a protease for increasing the cleaning performance of detergents and cleaners against proteinaceous soils when used in particular aqueous washing and cleaning solutions containing peroxygen compound.

Die Herstellung von Verbindungen gemäß Formel I kann nach bekannten Verfahren oder in Anlehnung an diese erfolgen, wie sie in der oben genannten Patentliteratur oder zum Beispiel von Abraham in Progr. Phys. Org. Chem. 11 (1974), S. 1ff, oder von Arnett in J. Am. Chem. Soc. 102 (1980), S. 5892ff veröffentlicht worden sind.The preparation of compounds of the formula I can be carried out by known processes or by analogy with them, as described in the abovementioned patent literature or, for example, by Abraham in Progr. Phys. Org. Chem. 11 (1974), p. 1ff, or Arnett in J. Am. Chem. Soc. 102 (1980), p. 5892ff.

Zu den Anionen X- gehören insbesondere die Halogenide wie Chlorid, Fluorid, Iodid und Bromid, Nitrat, Hydroxid, Hexafluorophosphat, Sulfat, Hydrogensulfat, Metho- und Ethosulfat, Chlorat, Perchlorat, und die Anionen von Carbonsäuren wie Formiat, Acetat, Benzoat oder Citrat. Bevorzugt ist der Einsatz von Verbindungen gemäß Formel I, in denen X- Chlorid, Sulfat, Hydrogensulfat oder Methosulfat ist.The anions X - include in particular the halides such as chloride, fluoride, iodide and bromide, nitrate, hydroxide, hexafluorophosphate, sulfate, hydrogen sulfate, metho and ethosulfate, chlorate, perchlorate, and the anions of carboxylic acids such as formate, acetate, benzoate or citrate , Preference is given to the use of compounds of the formula I in which X is chloride, sulfate, hydrogen sulfate or methosulfate.

Ein Acetonitril-Derivat gemäß Formel I ist in Mitteln im Rahmen der erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung, vorzugsweise in Mengen von 1 Gew.-% bis 10 Gew.-%, insbesondere von 2 Gew.-% bis 7 Gew.-% enthalten.An acetonitrile derivative according to formula I is in funds in the context of the use according to the invention, preferably in amounts of from 1% by weight to 10% by weight, in particular from 2% by weight to 7% by weight contain.

Ein Wasch- oder Reinigungsmittel enthält im Rahmen der erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung vorzugsweise 0,001 mg bis 0,5 mg, insbesondere 0,02 mg bis 0,3 mg an enzymatisch aktivem Protein pro Gramm des gesamten Mittels. Die Proteinkonzentration kann mit Hilfe bekannter Methoden, zum Beispiel dem Bicinchonsäure-Verfahren (BCA-Verfahren, Pierce Chemical Co., Rockford, IL) oder dem Biuret-Verfahren (A.G. Gornall, C.S. Bardawill und M.M. David, J. Biol. Chem. 177, 751-766, 1948) bestimmt werden.In the context of the use according to the invention, a washing or cleaning agent preferably contains 0.001 mg to 0.5 mg, in particular 0.02 mg to 0.3 mg, of enzymatically active protein per gram of the total composition. The protein concentration can be determined by known methods, for example the bicinchonic acid method (BCA method, Pierce Chemical Co., Rockford, IL) or the biuret method (AG Gornall, CS Bardawill and MM David, J. Biol. Chem. 177 , 751-766, 1948).

Zu den einsetzbaren Proteasen gehören die aus Mikroorganismen, insbesondere Bakterien oder Pilzen, gewinnbaren Enzyme mit einem pH-Optimum im alkalischen Bereich, beispielsweise die aus den internationalen Patentanmeldungen WO 92/07067, WO 91/02792, WO 88/03947 oder WO 88/03946 oder den europäischen Patentanmeldungen EP 471 265, EP 416 967 oder EP 394 352 bekannten Proteasen. Protease wird in einem Mittel im Rahmen der erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung vorzugsweise in solchen Mengen eingesetzt. daß das fertige Mittel 100 PE/g bis 7 500 PE/g (Protease-Einheiten pro Gramm, bestimmt nach der in Tenside 7, 125 (1970) beschriebenen Methode), insbesondere 125 PE/g bis 5 000 PE/g und besonders bevorzugt 150 PE/g bis 4 500 PE/g aufweist. Brauchbare Proteasen sind im Handel erhältlich, beispielsweise unter den Namen BLAP®, Savinase®, Esperase®, Maxatase®, Optimase®, Alcalase®, Durazym®, Everlase®, Maxapem® oder Purafect® OxP.Among the useful proteases include those from microorganisms, especially bacteria or fungi, recoverable enzymes with a pH optimum in the alkaline range, for example, those described in international patent applications WO 92/07067, WO 91/02792, WO 88/03947 or WO 88/03946 or European Patent applications EP 471 265, EP 416 967 or EP 394 352 known proteases. Protease is in an agent in the context of the use according to the invention preferably used in such amounts. that the finished agent is 100 PE / g to 7 500 PE / g (protease units per gram) according to the method described in Tenside 7, 125 (1970)), in particular 125 PE / g to 5,000 PE / g and more preferably 150 PE / g to 4 500 PE / g. Useful proteases are commercially available, for example under the name BLAP®, Savinase®, Esperase®, Maxatase®, Optimase®, Alcalase®, Durazym®, Everlase®, Maxapem® or Purafect® OxP.

Zu den in Mitteln im Rahmen der erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung einsetzbaren Amylasen, die vorzugsweise in Kombination mit mindestens einem weiteren Enzym zum Einsatz kommen, gehören die aus Bakterien oder Pilzen gewinnbaren Enzyme, welche ein pH-Optimum vorzugsweise im alkalischen Bereich bis etwa pH 10 aufweisen. Brauchbare Handelsprodukte sind beispielsweise Termamyl®, Maxamyl®, Duramyl® oder Purafect® OxAm. Amylase wird im erfindungsgemäßen Mittel vorzugsweise in solchen Mengen eingesetzt, daß das fertige Mittel 0,01 KNU/g bis 2 KNU/g ("Kilo-Novo-Units" pro Gramm gemäß der Standard-Methode der Firma Novo, wobei 1 KNU die Enzymmenge ist, die 5,26 g Stärke bei pH 5,6 und 37 °C abbaut, basierend auf der von P. Bernfeld in S.P. Colowick und N.D. Kaplan, Methods in Enzymology, Band 1, 1955, Seite 149 beschriebenen Methode), insbesondere 0,015 KNU/g bis 1,8 KNU/g und besonders bevorzugt 0,03 KNU/g bis 1,6 KNU/g aufweist. Falls das Mittel eine Amylase enthält, wird diese vorzugsweise unter den gentechnisch modfizierten Amylasen ausgewählt. Gentechnisch modifizierte Amylasen sind beispielsweise aus den internationalen Patentanmeldungen WO 94/18314 oder WO 95/21247 bekannt.To those in funds in the context of the use according to the invention usable amylases, preferably in Combination with at least one other enzyme are used include the enzymes which can be obtained from bacteria or fungi, which preferably have a pH optimum in the alkaline range to about pH 10 have. Usable commercial products are for example Termamyl®, Maxamyl®, Duramyl® or Purafect® OxAm. amylase is used in the agent according to the invention preferably in such amounts that the finished means 0.01 KNU / g to 2 KNU / g ("Kilo-Novo-Units" per gram according to the Standard method of the company Novo, where 1 KNU is the amount of enzyme, the 5.26 g of starch at pH 5.6 and 37 ° C, based on that of P. Bernfeld in S.P. Colowick and N.D. Kaplan, Methods in Enzymology, Vol. 1, 1955, page 149), in particular from 0.015 KNU / g to 1.8 KNU / g and more preferably from 0.03 KNU / g to 1.6 KNU / g. If the agent contains an amylase, it will preferably selected from genetically modified amylases. genetically Modified amylases are known, for example, from the international patent applications WO 94/18314 or WO 95/21247.

Bei der in einem Mittel im Rahmen der erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung gegebenenfalls enthaltenen Lipase handelt es sich um ein aus Mikroorganismen, insbesondere Bakterien oder Pilzen, gewinnbares Enzym. Ein solches ist beispielsweise aus den europäischen Patentanmeldungen EP 0 204 208, EP 0 214 761, EP 0 258 068, EP 0 385 401, EP 0 407 225, EP 0 571 982 oder den internationalen Patentanmeldungen WO 87/00859 oder WO 90/10695 bekannt. Lipase wird im Mittel vorzugsweise in solchen Mengen eingesetzt, daß das fertige Mittel eine lipolytische Aktivität im Bereich von 10 LU/g bis 10 000 LU/g ("Lipaseactivity Units" pro Gramm, bestimmt über die enzymatische Hydrolyse von Tributyrin bei 30 °C und pH 7 nach der in EP 258 068 genannten Methode), insbesondere 80 LU/g bis 5 000 LU/g und besonders bevorzugt 100 LU/g bis 1000 LU/g aufweist. Handelsübliche Lipasen sind beispielsweise Lipolase®, Lipomax®, Lumafast® und Lipozym®.When in a medium in the context of the use according to the invention optionally contained lipase is an enzyme obtainable from microorganisms, especially bacteria or fungi. Such is for example from the European patent applications EP 0 204 208, EP 0 214 761, EP 0 258 068, EP 0 385 401, EP 0 407 225, EP 0 571 982 or the international Patent applications WO 87/00859 or WO 90/10695 known. Lipase is in the Agent preferably used in amounts such that the finished Means a lipolytic activity ranging from 10 LU / g to 10,000 LU / g ("Lipase activity Units "per gram, determined by the enzymatic hydrolysis of tributyrin 30 ° C and pH 7 according to the method mentioned in EP 258 068), in particular 80 LU / g to 5,000 LU / g, and more preferably 100 LU / g to 1000 LU / g. commercial Lipases are for example Lipolase®, Lipomax®, Lumafast® and Lipozym®.

Ebenso gehört die brauchbare Cellulase zu den aus Bakterien oder Pilzen gewinnbaren Enzymen, welche ein pH-Optimum vorzugsweise im fast neutralen bis schwach alkalischen pH-Bereich von 6 bis 9,5 aufweisen. Derartige Cellulasen sind beispielsweise aus den deutschen Offenlegungsschriften DE 31 17 250, DE 32 07 825, DE 32 07 847, DE 33 22 950, den europäischen Patentanmeldungen EP 265 832, EP 269 977, EP 270 974, EP 273 125 sowie EP 339 550 oder den internationalen Patentanmeldungen WO 96/34108 und WO 97/34005 bekannt. Sie werden im Mittel vorzugsweise in solchen Mengen eingesetzt, daß das fertige Mittel eine cellulolytische Aktivität von 0,05 IU/g bis 1,5 IU/g ("International Units" pro Gramm, basierend auf der enzymatischen Hydrolyse von Na-Carboxymethylcellulose bei pH 9,0 und 40 °C, wie in Agric. Biol. Chem. 53, 1275 (1989) von S. Ito et al. beschrieben), insbesondere 0,07IU/g bis 1,4 IU/g und besonders bevorzugt 0,1 IU/g bis 1,3 IU/g aufweist. Geeignete Handelsprodukte sind beispielsweise Celluzyme® des Herstellers Novo Nordisk oder KAC® von Kao.Likewise, the useful cellulase belongs to the enzymes obtainable from bacteria or fungi, which have a pH optimum preferably in the almost neutral to slightly alkaline pH range of 6 to 9.5. Such cellulases are known, for example, from German laid-open applications DE 31 17 250, DE 32 07 825, DE 32 07 847, DE 33 22 950, European patent applications EP 265 832, EP 269 977, EP 270 974, EP 273 125 and EP 339 550 or International Patent Applications WO 96/34108 and WO 97/34005. They are preferably employed on average in amounts such that the finished agent has a cellulolytic activity of 0.05 IU / g to 1.5 IU / g ("International Units" per gram, based on the enzymatic hydrolysis of Na-carboxymethylcellulose at pH 9.0 and 40 ° C, as described in Agric. Biol. Chem. 53 , 1275 (1989) by S. Ito et al.), In particular 0.07 IU / g to 1.4 IU / g and particularly preferably 0, 1 IU / g to 1.3 IU / g. Suitable commercial products are, for example, Celluzyme® from the manufacturer Novo Nordisk or KAC® from Kao.

Falls mehrere Enzyme in einem Mittel im Rahmen der erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung eingesetzt werden sollen, kann dies durch Einarbeitung der zwei oder mehreren separaten beziehungsweise in bekannter Weise separat konfektionierten Enzyme oder durch zwei oder mehrere gemeinsam in einem Granulat konfektionierte Enzyme, wie zum Beispiel aus den internationalen Patentanmeldungen WO 96/00772 oder-WO 96/00773 bekannt, durchgeführt werden.If multiple enzymes in one agent in the context of the use according to the invention can be used this by incorporating the two or more separate or in known Way separately prepared enzymes or by two or more in common a granulated ready-made enzymes, such as from the international Patent applications WO 96/00772 or WO 96/00773, are performed.

Als für den Einsatz in Mitteln im Rahmen der erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung geeignete Persauerstoffverbindungen kommen insbesondere Wasserstoffperoxid und unter den Waschbedingungen Wasserstoffperoxid abgebende anorganische Salze. zu denen die Alkalperborate, -percarbonate. -persilikate und/oder -persulfate wie Caroat gehören, aber auch organische Persäuren beziehungsweise persaure Salze organischer Säuren, wie Phthalimidopercapronsäure, Perbenzoesäure oder Salze der Diperdodecandisäure, in Betracht. Sofern feste Persauerstoffverbindungen eingesetzt werden sollen, können diese in Form von Pulvern oder Granulaten verwendet werden, die auch in im Prinzip bekannter Weise umhüllt sein können. Persauerstoffverbindungen sind in Mengen von vorzugsweise bis zu 50 Gew.-%, insbesondere von 5 Gew.-% bis 30 Gew.-% und besonders bevorzugt von 8 Gew.-% bis 25 Gew.-% vorhanden. Der Zusatz geringer Mengen bekannter Bleichmittelstabilisatoren wie beispielsweise von Phosphonaten, Boraten beziehungsweise Metaboraten und Metasilikaten sowie Magnesiumsalzen wie Magnesiumsulfat kann zweckdienlich sein.As for use in funds in the context of the use according to the invention suitable peroxygen compounds in particular hydrogen peroxide and hydrogen peroxide under the washing conditions donating inorganic salts. to which the alkali perborates, percarbonates. -persilicates and / or persulfates such as caroate, but also organic peracids, respectively pers acid salts of organic acids, such as phthalimidopercaproic acid, perbenzoic acid or salts of diperdodecanedioic acid, into consideration. If solid peroxygen compounds can be used in the form of powders or Granules are used, which can also be wrapped in a manner known in principle. Peroxygen compounds are in amounts of preferably up to 50% by weight, in particular from 5 wt% to 30 wt%, and more preferably from 8 wt% to 25 wt .-% present. The addition of small amounts of known bleach stabilizers such as phosphonates, borates or metaborates and metasilicates and magnesium salts such as magnesium sulfate may be useful.

Die erfindungsgemäße Verwendung besteht im wesentlichen darin, in Gegenwart einer mit proteinhaltigen Anschmutzungen verunreinigten Oberfläche Bedingungen zu schaffen, unter denen ein peroxidisches Oxidationsmittel und die erfindungswesentliche Kombination aus Acetonitrilderivat und Enzym miteinander reagieren können. Solche Bedingungen liegen insbesondere dann vor, wenn alle Reaktionspartner in wäßriger Lösung aufeinander treffen. Dies kann durch separate Zugabe der Persauerstoffverbindung und der Wirkstoffkombination zu einer reinigungsmittelhaltigen Lösung geschehen. Besonders vorteilhaft wird dies jedoch unter Verwendung eines Wasch- oder Reinigungsmittels, das die Kombination aus Acetonitrilderivat und Enzym und ein persauerstoffhaltiges Oxidationsmittel enthält, durchgeführt.The use of the invention consists essentially in the presence of a contaminated with proteinaceous soils To create surface conditions under which a peroxidic oxidizer and the invention essential combination of acetonitrile derivative and enzyme with each other can react. Such conditions exist in particular if all Reactants in aqueous solution meet. This can be done by separate Addition of the peroxygen compound and the drug combination to a detergent-containing solution done. This is particularly advantageous using a detergent or cleaning agent containing the Combination of acetonitrile derivative and enzyme and a peroxygen-containing Contains oxidant carried out.

Die Wasch- und Reinigungsmittel, die als insbesondere pulverförmige Feststoffe, in nachverdichteter Teilchenform, als homogene Lösungen oder Suspensionen vorliegen können, können außer der erfindungsgemäß Verwendeten Wirkstoffkombination im Prinzip alle bekannten und in derartigen Mitteln üblichen Inhaltsstoffe enthalten. Die Mittel können insbesondere Buildersubstanzen, oberflächenaktive Tenside, zusätzliche Bleichmittel auf Basis organischer und/oder anorganischer Persauerstoffverbindungen, zusätzliche Bleichaktivatoren, wassermischbare organische Lösungsmittel, zusätzliche Enzyme, Sequestrierungsmittel, Elektrolyte, pH-Regulatoren und weitere Hilfsstoffe, wie optische Aufheller, Vergrauungsinhibitoren, Farbübertragungsinhibitoren, Schaumregulatoren, Silberkorrosionsinhibitoren sowie Farb- und Duftstoffe enthalten.The detergents and cleaners, in particular powdered solids, in densified particle form, as homogeneous solutions or Suspensions may be present except those used in the invention Active ingredient combination in principle all known and customary in such agents ingredients contain. The agents may in particular be builders, Surface-active surfactants, additional bleaching agents based on organic and / or inorganic peroxygen compounds, additional bleach activators, water miscible organic solvents, additional enzymes, sequestering agents, Electrolytes, pH regulators and other auxiliaries, such as optical brighteners, grayness inhibitors, Color transfer inhibitors, foam regulators, silver corrosion inhibitors as well as colors and fragrances.

Die Mittel können ein Tensid oder mehrere Tenside enthalten, wobei insbesondere anionische Tenside, nichtionische Tenside und deren Gemische, aber auch kationische, zwitterionische und amphotere Tenside in Frage kommen.The agents may contain one or more surfactants, wherein in particular anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants and mixtures thereof, but also cationic, zwitterionic and amphoteric surfactants come into question.

Geeignete nichtionische Tenside sind insbesondere Alkylglykoside und Ethoxylierungsund/oder Propoxylierungsprodukte von Alkylglykosiden oder linearen oder verzweigten Alkoholen mit jeweils 12 bis 18 C-Atomen im Alkylteil und 3 bis 20, vorzugsweise 4 bis 10 Alkylethergruppen. Weiterhin sind entsprechende Ethoxylierungs- und/oder Propoxylierungsprodukte von N-Alkyl-aminen, vicinalen Diolen, Fettsäureestern und Fettsäureamiden, die hinsichtlich des Alkylteils den genannten langkettigen Alkoholderivaten entsprechen, sowie von Alkylphenolen mit 5 bis 12 C-Atomen im Alkylrest brauchbar.Suitable nonionic surfactants are in particular alkyl glycosides and ethoxylation and / or Propoxylation products of alkyl glycosides or linear or branched Alcohols each having 12 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety and 3 to 20, preferably 4 to 10 alkyl ether groups. Furthermore, corresponding ethoxylation and / or propoxylation products of N-alkylamines, vicinal diols, fatty acid esters and fatty acid amides, which correspond to said long-chain alcohol derivatives with regard to the alkyl part, and of alkylphenols having 5 to 12 C atoms in the alkyl radical.

Als nichtionische Tenside werden vorzugsweise alkoxylierte, vorteilhafter-weise ethoxylierte, insbesondere primäre Alkohole mit vorzugsweise 8 bis 18 C-Atomen und durchschnittlich 1 bis 12 Mol Ethylenoxid (EO) pro Mol Alkohol eingesetzt, in denen der Alkoholrest linear oder bevorzugt in 2-Stellung methylverzweigt sein kann beziehungsweise lineare und methylverzweigte Reste im Gemisch enthalten kann, so wie sie üblicherweise in Oxoalkoholresten vorliegen. Insbesondere sind jedoch Alkoholethoxylate mit linearen Resten aus Alkoholen nativen Ursprungs mit 12 bis 18 C-Atomen, z.B. aus Kokos-, Palm-, Talgfett- oder Oleylalkohol, und durchschnittlich 2 bis 8 EO pro Mol Alkohol bevorzugt. Zu den bevorzugten ethoxylierten Alkoholen gehören beispielsweise C12-C14-Alkohole mit 3 EO oder 4 EO, C9-C11-Alkohole mit 7 EO, C13-C15-Alkohole mit 3 EO, 5 EO, 7 EO oder 8 EO, C12-C18-Alkohole mit 3 EO, 5 EO oder 7 EO und Mischungen aus diesen, wie Mischungen aus C12-C14-Alkohol mit 3 EO und C12-C18-Alkohol mit 7 EO. Die angegebenen Ethoxylierungsgrade stellen statistische Mittelwerte dar, die für ein spezielles Produkt eine ganze oder eine gebrochene Zahl sein können. As nonionic surfactants are preferably alkoxylated, advantageously ethoxylated, especially primary alcohols having preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms and an average of 1 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide (EO) per mole of alcohol used in which the alcohol radical linear or preferably methyl branched in the 2-position may be or contain linear and methyl-branched radicals in the mixture, as they are usually present in Oxoalkoholresten. In particular, however, alcohol ethoxylates with linear radicals of alcohols of natural origin having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, for example of coconut, palm, tallow or oleyl alcohol, and on average 2 to 8 EO per mole of alcohol are preferred. The preferred ethoxylated alcohols include, for example, C 12 -C 14 -alcohols with 3 EO or 4 EO, C 9 -C 11 -alcohols with 7 EO, C 13 -C 15 -alcohols with 3 EO, 5 EO, 7 EO or 8 EO, C 12 -C 18 -alcohols with 3 EO, 5 EO or 7 EO and mixtures of these, such as mixtures of C 12 -C 14 -alcohol with 3 EO and C 12 -C 18 -alcohol with 7 EO. The degrees of ethoxylation given represent statistical means which, for a particular product, may be an integer or a fractional number.

Bevorzugte Alkoholethoxylate weisen eine eingeengte Homologenverteilung auf (narrow range ethoxylates, NRE). Zusätzlich zu diesen nichtionischen Tensiden können auch Fettalkohole mit mehr als 12 EO eingesetzt werden. Beispiele hierfür sind (Talg-) Fettalkohole mit 14 EO, 16 EO, 20 EO, 25 EO, 30 EO oder 40 EO. Insbesondere in Reinigungsmitteln für den Einsatz in maschinellen Geschirrspülverfahren werden üblicherweise extrem schaumarme Verbindungen eingesetzt. Hierzu zählen vorzugsweise C12-C18-Alkylpolyethylenglykol-polypropylenglykolether mit jeweils bei zu 8 Mol Ethylenoxid- und Propylenoxideinheiten im Molekül. Man kann aber auch andere bekannt schaumarme nichtionische Tenside verwenden, wie zum Beispiel C12-C18-Alkylpolyethylenglykol-polybutylenglykolether mit jeweils bis zu 8 Mol Ethylenoxid- und Butylenoxideinheiten im Molekül sowie endgruppenverschlossene Alkylpolyalkylenglykolmischether. Besonders bevorzugt sind auch die hydroxylgruppenhaltigen alkoxylierten Alkohole, wie sie in der europäischen Patentanmeldung EP 0 300 305 beschrieben sind, sogenannte Hydroxymischether. Zu den nichtionischen Tensiden zählen auch Alkylglykoside der allgemeinen Formel RO(G)x eingesetzt werden, in der R einen primären geradkettigen oder methylverzweigten, insbesondere in 2-Stellung methylverzweigten aliphatischen Rest mit 8 bis 22, vorzugsweise 12 bis 18 C-Atomen bedeutet und G für eine Glykoseeinheit mit 5 oder 6 C-Atomen, vorzugsweise für Glucose, steht. Der Oligomerisierungsgrad x, der die Verteilung von Monoglykosiden und Oligoglykosiden angibt, ist eine beliebige Zahl -die als analytisch zu bestimmende Größe auch gebrochene Werte annehmen kann - zwischen 1 und 10; vorzugsweise liegt x bei 1,2 bis 1,4. Ebenfalls geeignet sind Polyhydroxyfettsäureamide der Formel (II), in der R1CO für einen aliphatischen Acylrest mit 6 bis 22 Kohlenstoffatomen, R2 für Wasserstoff, einen Alkyl- oder Hydroxyalkylrest mit 1 bis 4 Kohlenstoffatomen und [Z] für einen linearen oder verzweigten Polyhydroxyalkylrest mit 3 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatomen und 3 bis 10 Hydroxylgruppen steht:

Figure 00090001
Preferred alcohol ethoxylates have a narrow homolog distribution (narrow range ethoxylates, NRE). In addition to these nonionic surfactants, fatty alcohols with more than 12 EO can also be used. Examples include (tallow) fatty alcohols with 14 EO, 16 EO, 20 EO, 25 EO, 30 EO or 40 EO. In particular, in detergents for use in automatic dishwashing processes usually extremely low-foam compounds are used. These include preferably C 12 -C 18 -alkylpolyethylenglykol-polypropylene glycol ethers with in each case at to 8 mol ethylene oxide and propylene oxide units in the molecule. However, it is also possible to use other known low-foam nonionic surfactants, such as, for example, C 12 -C 18 -alkyl polyethylene glycol-polybutylene glycol ethers having in each case up to 8 mol of ethylene oxide and butylene oxide units in the molecule and end-capped alkylpolyalkylene glycol mixed ethers. Also particularly preferred are the hydroxyl-containing alkoxylated alcohols, as described in European Patent Application EP 0 300 305, so-called hydroxy mixed ethers. The nonionic surfactants also include alkyl glycosides of the general formula RO (G) x in which R is a primary straight-chain or methyl-branched, in particular 2-methyl-branched aliphatic radical having 8 to 22, preferably 12 to 18 carbon atoms and G represents a glycose unit having 5 or 6 C atoms, preferably glucose. The degree of oligomerization x, which indicates the distribution of monoglycosides and oligoglycosides, is any number-the size of which can be determined to be analytically determined-which may also be broken values-between 1 and 10; preferably x is 1.2 to 1.4. Also suitable are polyhydroxy fatty acid amides of the formula (II) in which R 1 is CO for an aliphatic acyl radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, R 2 is hydrogen, an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and [Z] is a linear or branched polyhydroxyalkyl radical having 3 to 10 carbon atoms and 3 to 10 hydroxyl groups:
Figure 00090001

Vorzugsweise leiten sich die Polyhydroxyfettsäureamide von reduzierenden Zuckern mit 5 oder 6 Kohlenstoffatomen, insbesondere von der Glucose ab. Zur Gruppe der Polyhydroxyfettsäureamide gehören auch Verbindungen der Formel (III),

Figure 00100001
in der R3 für einen linearen oder verzweigten Alkyl- oder Alkenylrest mit 7 bis 12 Kohlenstoffatomen, R4 für einen linearen, verzweigten oder cyclischen Alkylenrest oder einen Arylenrest mit 2 bis 8 Kohlenstoffatomen und R5 für einen linearen, verzweigten oder cyclischen Alkylrest oder einen Arylrest oder einen Oxy-Alkylrest mit 1 bis 8 Kohlenstoffatomen steht, wobei C1-C4-Alkyl- oder Phenylreste bevorzugt sind, und [Z] für einen linearen Polyhydroxyalkylrest, dessen Alkylkette mit mindestens zwei Hydroxylgruppen substituiert ist, oder alkoxylierte, vorzugsweise ethoxylierte oder propoxylierte Derivate dieses Restes steht. [Z] wird auch hier vorzugsweise durch reduktive Aminierung eines Zuckers wie Glucose, Fructose, Maltose, Lactose, Galactose, Mannose oder Xylose erhalten. Die N-Alkoxy- oder N-Aryloxy-substituierten Verbindungen können dann beispielsweise nach der Lehre der internationalen Patentanmeldung WO 95/07331 durch Umsetzung mit Fettsäuremethylestem in Gegenwart eines Alkoxids als Katalysator in die gewünschten Polyhydroxyfettsäureamide überführt werden. Eine weitere Klasse bevorzugt eingesetzter nichtionischer Tenside, die entweder als alleiniges nichtionisches Tensid oder in Kombination mit anderen nichtionischen Tensiden, insbesondere zusammen mit alkoxylierten Fettalkoholen und/oder Alkylglykosiden, eingesetzt werden, sind alkoxylierte, vorzugsweise ethoxylierte oder ethoxylierte und propoxylierte Fettsäurealkylester, vorzugsweise mit 1 bis 4 Kohlenstoffatomen in der Alkylkette, insbesondere Fettsäuremethylester, wie sie beispielsweise in der japanischen Patentanmeldung JP 58/217598 beschrieben sind oder die vorzugsweise nach dem in der internationalen Patentanmeldung WO 90/13533 beschriebenen Verfahren hergestellt werden. Auch nichtionische Tenside vom Typ der Aminoxide, beispielsweise N-Kokosalkyl-N,N-dimethylaminoxid und N-Talgalkyl-N,N-dihydroxyethylaminoxid, und der Fettsäurealkanolamide können geeignet sein. Die Menge dieser nichtionischen Tenside beträgt vorzugsweise nicht mehr als die der ethoxylierten Fettalkohole, insbesondere nicht mehr als die Hälfte davon. Als weitere Tenside kommen sogenannte Gemini-Tenside in Betracht. Hierunter werden im allgemeinen solche Verbindungen verstanden, die zwei hydrophile Gruppen pro Molekül besitzen. Diese Gruppen sind in der Regel durch einen sogenannten "Spacer" voneinander getrennt. Dieser Spacer ist in der Regel eine Kohlenstoffkette, die lang genug sein sollte, daß die hydrophilen Gruppen einen ausreichenden Abstand haben, damit sie unabhängig voneinander agieren können. Derartige Tenside zeichnen sich im allgemeinen durch eine ungewöhnlich geringe kritische Micellkonzentration und die Fähigkeit, die Oberflächenspannung des Wassers stark zu reduzieren, aus. In Ausnahmefällen werden unter dem Ausdruck Gemini-Tenside nicht nur derartig "dimere", sondern auch entsprechend "trimere" Tenside verstanden. Geeignete Gemini-Tenside sind beispielsweise sulfatierte Hydroxymischether gemäß der deutschen Patentanmeldung DE 43 21 022 oder Dimeralkohol-bis- und Trimeralkohol-tris-sulfate und -ethersulfate gemäß der deutschen Patentanmeldung DE 195 03 061. Endgruppenverschlossene dimere und trimere Mischether gemäß der deutschen Patentanmeldung DE 195 13 391 zeichnen sich insbesondere durch ihre Bi- und Multifunktionalität aus. So besitzen die genannten endgruppenverschlossenen Tenside gute Netzeigenschaften und sind dabei schaumarm, so daß sie sich insbesondere für den Einsatz in maschinellen Wasch- oder Reinigungsverfahren eignen. Eingesetzt werden können aber auch Gemini-Polyhydroxyfettsäureamide oder Poly-Polyhydroxyfettsäureamide, wie sie in den internationalen Patentanmeldungen WO 95/19953, WO 95/19954 und WO 95/19955 beschrieben werden.The polyhydroxy fatty acid amides are preferably derived from reducing sugars having 5 or 6 carbon atoms, in particular from glucose. The group of polyhydroxy fatty acid amides also includes compounds of the formula (III)
Figure 00100001
in the R 3 is a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl radical having 7 to 12 carbon atoms, R 4 is a linear, branched or cyclic alkylene radical or an arylene radical having 2 to 8 carbon atoms and R 5 is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical or a Aryl radical or an oxy-alkyl radical having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, wherein C 1 -C 4 alkyl or phenyl radicals are preferred, and [Z] is a linear polyhydroxyalkyl radical whose alkyl chain is substituted with at least two hydroxyl groups, or alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated or propoxylated derivatives of this group. [Z] is also obtained here preferably by reductive amination of a sugar such as glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, galactose, mannose or xylose. The N-alkoxy- or N-aryloxy-substituted compounds can then be converted into the desired polyhydroxy fatty acid amides according to the teaching of international patent application WO 95/07331 by reaction with fatty acid methyl esters in the presence of an alkoxide as catalyst. Another class of preferred nonionic surfactants used either as the sole nonionic surfactant or in combination with other nonionic surfactants, in particular together with alkoxylated fatty alcohols and / or alkyl glycosides, are alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated or ethoxylated and propoxylated fatty acid alkyl esters, preferably from 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain, in particular fatty acid methyl esters, as described for example in Japanese Patent Application JP 58/217598 or which are preferably prepared according to the method described in International Patent Application WO 90/13533. Nonionic surfactants of the amine oxide type, for example N-cocoalkyl-N, N-dimethylamine oxide and N-tallowalkyl-N, N-dihydroxyethylamine oxide, and the fatty acid alkanolamides may also be suitable. The amount of these nonionic surfactants is preferably not more than that of the ethoxylated fatty alcohols, especially not more than half thereof. Other suitable surfactants are so-called gemini surfactants. These are generally understood as meaning those compounds which have two hydrophilic groups per molecule. These groups are usually separated by a so-called "spacer". This spacer is usually a carbon chain that should be long enough for the hydrophilic groups to be spaced sufficiently apart for them to act independently of each other. Such surfactants are generally characterized by an unusually low critical micelle concentration and the ability to greatly reduce the surface tension of the water. In exceptional cases, the term gemini surfactants not only such "dimer", but also corresponding to "trimeric" surfactants understood. Suitable gemini surfactants are, for example, sulfated hydroxy mixed ethers according to German patent application DE 43 21 022 or dimer alcohol bis- and trimer alcohol tris sulfates and ether sulfates according to German patent application DE 195 03 061. End group-capped dimeric and trimeric mixed ethers according to German patent application DE 195 13 391 are characterized by their bi- and multi-functionality. Thus, the end-capped surfactants mentioned have good wetting properties and are low foaming, so that they are particularly suitable for use in machine washing or cleaning processes. However, it is also possible to use gemini-polyhydroxy fatty acid amides or poly-polyhydroxy fatty acid amides, as described in international patent applications WO 95/19953, WO 95/19954 and WO 95/19955.

Geeignete anionische Tenside sind insbesondere Seifen und solche, die Sulfat- oder Sulfonat-Gruppen enthalten. Als Tenside vom Sulfonat-Typ kommen vorzugsweise C9-C13-Alkylbenzolsulfonate, Olefinsulfonate, das heißt Gemische aus Alken- und Hydroxyalkansulfonaten sowie Disulfonaten, wie man sie beispielsweise aus C12-C18-Monoolefinen mit end- oder innenständiger Doppelbindung durch Sulfonieren mit gasförmigem Schwefeltrioxid und anschließende alkalische oder saure Hydrolyse der Sulfonierungsprodukte erhält, in Betracht. Geeignet sind auch Alkansulfonate, die aus C12-C18-Alkanen beispielsweise durch Sulfochlorierung oder Sulfoxidation mit anschließender Hydrolyse beziehungsweise Neutralisation gewonnen werden. Geeignet sind auch die Ester von α-Sulfofettsäuren (Estersulfonate), zum Beispiel die α-sulfonierten Methylester der hydrierten Kokos-, Palmkern- oder Talgfettsäuren, die durch α-Sulfonierung der Methylester von Fettsäuren pflanzlichen und/oder tierischen Ursprungs mit 8 bis 20 C-Atomen im Fettsäuremolekül und nachfolgende Neutralisation zu wasserlöslichen Mono-Salzen hergestellt werden, in Betracht. Vorzugsweise handelt es sich hierbei um die α-sulfonierten Ester der hydrierten Kokos-, Palm-, Palmkern- oder Talgfettsäuren, wobei auch Sulfonierungsprodukte von ungesättigten Fettsäuren, beispielsweise Ölsäure, in geringen Mengen, vorzugsweise in Mengen nicht oberhalb etwa 2 bis 3 Gew.-%, vorhanden sein können. Insbesondere sind α-Sulfofettsäurealkylester bevorzugt, die eine Alkylkette mit nicht mehr als 4 C-Atomen in der Estergruppe aufweisen, beispielsweise Methylester, Ethylester, Propylester und Butylester. Mit besonderem Vorteil werden die Methylester der α-Sulfofettsäuren (MES), aber auch deren verseifte Disalze eingesetzt. Weitere geeignete Aniontenside sind sulfierte Fettsäureglycerinester, welche Mono-, Di- und Triester sowie deren Gemische darstellen, wie sie bei der Herstellung durch Veresterung durch ein Monoglycerin mit 1 bis 3 Mol Fettsäure oder bei der Umesterung von Triglyceriden mit 0,3 bis 2 Mol Glycerin erhalten werden. Als Alk(en)ylsulfate werden die Alkali- und insbesondere die Natriumsalze der Schwefelsäurehalbester der C12-C18-Fettalkohole beispielsweise aus Kokosfettalkohol, Talgfettalkohol, Lauryl-, Myristyl-, Cetyl- oder Stearylalkohol oder der C10-C20-Oxoalkohole und diejenigen Halbester sekundärer Alkohole dieser Kettenlänge bevorzugt. Weiterhin bevorzugt sind Alk(en)ylsulfate der genannten Kettenlänge, welche einen synthetischen, auf petrochemischer Basis hergestellten geradkettigen Alkylrest enthalten, die ein analoges Abbauverhalten besitzen wie die adäquaten Verbindungen auf der Basis von fettchemischen Rohstoffen. Aus waschtechnischem Interesse sind C12-C16-Alkylsulfate und C12-C15-Alkylsulfate sowie C14-C15-Alkylsulfate insbesondere bevorzugt. Auch 2,3-Alkylsulfate, welche beispielsweise gemäß den US-amerikanischen Patentschriften US 3 234 258 oder US 5 075 041 hergestellt werden und als Handelsprodukte der Shell Oil Company unter dem Namen DAN® erhalten werden können, sind geeignete Aniontenside. Geeignet sind auch die Schwefelsäuremonoester der mit 1 bis 6 Mol Ethylenoxid ethoxylierten geradkettigen oder verzweigten C7-C21-Alkohole, wie 2-Methylverzweigte C9-C11-Alkohole mit im Durchschnitt 3,5 Mol Ethylenoxid (EO) oder C12-C18-Fettalkohole mit 1 bis 4 EO. Zu den bevorzugten Aniontensiden gehören auch die Salze der Alkylsulfobernsteinsäure, die auch als Sulfosuccinate oder als Sulfobemsteinsäureester bezeichnet werden, und die Monoester und/oder Diester der Sulfobemsteinsäure mit Alkoholen, vorzugsweise Fettalkoholen und insbesondere ethoxylierten Fettalkoholen darstellen. Bevorzugte Sulfosuccinate enthalten C8- bis C18-Fettalkoholreste oder Mischungen aus diesen. Insbesondere bevorzugte Sulfosuccinate enthalten einen Fettalkoholrest, der sich von ethoxylierten Fettalkoholen ableitet, die für sich betrachtet nichtionische Tenside darstellen. Dabei sind wiederum Sulfosuccinate, deren Fettalkohol-Reste sich von ethoxylierten Fettalkoholen mit eingeengter Homologenverteilung ableiten, besonders bevorzugt. Ebenso ist es auch möglich, Alk(en)ylbernsteinsäure mit vorzugsweise 8 bis 18 Kohlenstoffatomen in der Alk(en)ylkette oder deren Salze einzusetzen. Als weitere anionische Tenside kommen Fettsäure-Derivate von Aminosäuren, beispielsweise von N-Methyltaurin (Tauride) und/oder von N-Methylglycin (Sarkoside) in Betracht. Insbesondere bevorzugt sind dabei die Sarkoside beziehungsweise die Sarkosinate und hier vor allem Sarkosinate von höheren und gegebenenfalls einfach oder mehrfach ungesättigten Fettsäuren wie Oleylsarkosinat. Als weitere anionische Tenside kommen insbesondere Seifen in Betracht. Geeignet sind insbesondere gesättigte Fettsäureseifen, wie die Salze der Laurinsäure, Myristinsäure, Palmitinsäure, Stearinsäure, hydrierten Erucasäure und Behensäure sowie insbesondere aus natürlichen Fettsäuren, zum Beispiel Kokos-, Palmkern- oder Talgfettsäuren, abgeleitete Seifengemische. Zusammen mit diesen Seifen oder als Ersatzmittel für Seifen können auch die bekannten Alkenylbernsteinsäuresalze eingesetzt werden.Suitable anionic surfactants are in particular soaps and those which contain sulfate or sulfonate groups. As surfactants of the sulfonate type are preferably C 9 -C 13 alkylbenzenesulfonates, Olefinsulfonate, that is, mixtures of alkene and hydroxyalkanesulfonates and disulfonates, as they are, for example, from C 12 -C 18 monoolefins with terminal or internal double bond by sulfonation with gaseous sulfur trioxide and subsequent alkaline or acid hydrolysis of the sulfonation obtained. Also suitable are alkanesulfonates which are obtained from C 12 -C 18 -alkanes, for example by sulfochlorination or sulfoxidation with subsequent hydrolysis or neutralization. Also suitable are the esters of α-sulfo fatty acids (ester sulfonates), for example the α-sulfonated methyl esters of hydrogenated coconut, palm kernel or tallow fatty acids obtained by α-sulfonation of the methyl esters of fatty acids of plant and / or animal origin with 8 to 20 C -Atomen in the fatty acid molecule and subsequent neutralization to water-soluble mono-salts are prepared, into consideration. These are preferably the α-sulfonated esters of hydrogenated coconut, palm, palm kernel or tallow fatty acids, although sulfonated products of unsaturated fatty acids, for example oleic acid, in small amounts, preferably in amounts not above about 2 to 3 wt. %, can be present. In particular, α-sulfofatty acid alkyl esters are preferred which have an alkyl chain with not more than 4 C atoms in the ester group, for example, methyl ester, ethyl ester, propyl ester and butyl ester. With particular advantage, the methyl esters of α-sulfo fatty acids (MES), but also their saponified disalts are used. Other suitable anionic surfactants are sulfated fatty acid glycerol esters, which are mono-, di- and triesters and mixtures thereof, as in the preparation by esterification by a monoglycerol with 1 to 3 moles of fatty acid or in the transesterification of triglycerides with 0.3 to 2 moles of glycerol to be obtained. Examples of alk (en) ylsulfates are the alkali metal salts and, in particular, the sodium salts of the sulfuric monoesters of C 12 -C 18 fatty alcohols, for example coconut fatty alcohol, tallow fatty alcohol, lauryl, myristyl, cetyl or stearyl alcohol or the C 10 -C 20 oxo alcohols and those half-esters of secondary alcohols of this chain length are preferred. Also preferred are alk (en) ylsulfates of said chain length, which contain a synthetic, produced on a petrochemical basis straight-chain alkyl radical, which have an analogous degradation behavior as the adequate compounds based on oleochemical raw materials. Of washing-technical interest, C 12 -C 16 -alkyl sulfates and C 12 -C 15 -alkyl sulfates and C 14 -C 15 -alkyl sulfates are particularly preferred. 2,3-Alkyl sulfates, which are prepared, for example, according to US Pat. Nos. 3,234,258 or 5,075,041 and can be obtained as commercial products of the Shell Oil Company under the name DAN®, are suitable anionic surfactants. Also suitable are the sulfuric acid monoesters of straight-chain or branched C 7 -C 21 -alcohols ethoxylated with from 1 to 6 mol of ethylene oxide, such as 2-methyl-branched C 9 -C 11 -alcohols having on average 3.5 mol of ethylene oxide (EO) or C 12 - C 18 -fatty alcohols with 1 to 4 EO. The preferred anionic surfactants also include the salts of alkylsulfosuccinic acid, which are also referred to as sulfosuccinates or sulfosuccinic acid esters, and which are monoesters and / or diesters of sulfosuccinic acid with alcohols, preferably fatty alcohols and in particular ethoxylated fatty alcohols. Preferred sulfosuccinates contain C 8 to C 18 fatty alcohol residues or mixtures of these. Particularly preferred sulfosuccinates contain a fatty alcohol residue derived from ethoxylated fatty alcohols, which by themselves are nonionic surfactants. Sulfosuccinates, whose fatty alcohol residues are derived from ethoxylated fatty alcohols with a narrow homolog distribution, are again particularly preferred. Likewise, it is also possible to use alk (en) ylsuccinic acid having preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alk (en) yl chain or salts thereof. Suitable further anionic surfactants are fatty acid derivatives of amino acids, for example N-methyltaurine (Tauride) and / or N-methylglycine (sarcosides). Particularly preferred are the sarcosides or the sarcosinates and here especially sarcosinates of higher and optionally monounsaturated or polyunsaturated fatty acids such as oleyl sarcosinate. As further anionic surfactants are particularly soaps into consideration. Particularly suitable are saturated fatty acid soaps, such as the salts of lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, hydrogenated erucic acid and behenic acid and, in particular, soap mixtures derived from natural fatty acids, for example coconut, palm kernel or tallow fatty acids. Together with these soaps or as a substitute for soaps, it is also possible to use the known alkenylsuccinic acid salts.

Die anionischen Tenside, einschließlich der Seifen, können in Form ihrer Natrium-, Kalium- oder Ammoniumsalze sowie als lösliche Salze organischer Basen, wie Mono-, Di- oder Triethanolamin, vorliegen. Vorzugsweise liegen die anionischen Tenside in Form ihrer Natrium- oder Kaliumsalze, insbesondere in Form der Natriumsalze vor. The anionic surfactants, including soaps, may be in the form of their sodium, Potassium or ammonium salts and as soluble salts of organic bases, such as mono-, Di- or triethanolamine. Preferably, the anionic surfactants are in Form of their sodium or potassium salts, in particular in the form of the sodium salts.

Im Rahmen der erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung sind Tenside in Waschmitteln in Mengenanteilen von vorzugsweise 5 Gew.-% bis 50 Gew.-%, insbesondere von 8 Gew.-% bis 30 Gew.-%, enthalten, wohingegen Mittel zur Reinigung harter Oberflächen, insbesondere zur maschinellen Reinigung von Geschirr, niedrigere Tensidgehalte von bis zu 10 Gew.-%, insbesondere bis zu 5 Gew.-% und vorzugsweise im Bereich von 0,5 Gew.-% bis 3 Gew.-% aufweisen.In the context of the use according to the invention, surfactants are present in detergents in proportions of preferably 5 wt .-% to 50 wt .-%, in particular from 8 wt .-% to 30 wt .-%, whereas Agent for cleaning hard surfaces, in particular for machine cleaning of dishes, lower surfactant contents of up to 10 wt .-%, in particular up to 5 wt .-%, and preferably in the range of 0.5 wt .-% to 3 wt .-% have.

Ein Mittel enthält im Rahmen der erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung vorzugsweise mindestens einen wasserlöslichen und/oder wasserunlöslichen, organischen und/oder anorganischen Builder. Zu den wasserlöslichen organischen Buildersubstanzen gehören Polycarbonsäuren, insbesondere Citronensäure und Zuckersäuren, monomere und polymere Aminopolycarbonsäuren, insbesondere Methylglycindiessigsäure, Nitrilotriessigsäure und Ethylendiamintetraessigsäure sowie Polyasparaginsäure, Polyphosphonsäuren, insbesondere Aminotris(methylenphosphonsäure), Ethylendiamintetrakis(methylenphosphonsäure) und 1-Hydroxyethan-1,1-diphosphonsäure, polymere Hydroxyverbindungen wie Dextrin sowie polymere (Poly-)carbonsäuren, insbesondere die durch Oxidation von Polysacchariden beziehungsweise Dextrinen zugänglichen Polycarboxylate der europäischen Patentschrift EP 0 625 992 beziehungsweise der internationalen Patentanmeldung WO 92/18542 oder der europäischen Patentschrift EP 0 232 202, polymere Acrylsäuren, Methacrylsäuren, Maleinsäuren und Mischpolymere aus diesen, die auch geringe Anteile polymerisierbarer Substanzen ohne Carbonsäurefunktionalität einpolymerisiert enthalten können. Die relative Molekülmasse der Homopolymeren ungesättiger Carbonsäuren liegt im allgemeinen zwischen 3 000 und 200 000, die der Copolymeren zwischen 2 000 und 200 000, vorzugsweise 30 000 bis 120 000, jeweils bezogen auf freie Säure. Ein besonders bevorzugtes Acrylsäure-Maleinsäure-Copolymer weist eine relative Molekülmasse von 30 000 bis 100 000 auf. Handelsübliche Produkte sind zum Beispiel Sokalan® CP 5, CP 10 und PA 30 der Firma BASF. Geeignete, wenn auch weniger bevorzugte Verbindungen dieser Klasse sind Copolymere der Acrylsäure oder Methacrylsäure mit Vinylethern, wie Vinylmethylethern, Vinylester, Ethylen, Propylen und Styrol, in denen der Anteil der Säure mindestens 50 Gew.-% beträgt. Als wasserlösliche organische Buildersubstanzen können auch Terpolymere eingesetzt werden, die als Monomere zwei ungesättigte Säuren und/oder deren Salze sowie als drittes Monomer Vinylalkohol und/oder einem veresterten Vinylalkohol oder ein Kohlenhydrat enthalten. Das erste saure Monomer beziehungsweise dessen Salz leitet sich von einer monoethylenisch ungesättigten C3-C8-Carbonsäure und vorzugsweise von einer C3-C4-Monocarbonsäure, insbesondere von (Meth)-acrylsäure ab. Das zweite saure Monomer beziehungsweise dessen Salz kann ein Derivat einer C4-C8-Dicarbonsäure, wobei Maleinsäure besonders bevorzugt ist, und/oder ein Derivat einer Allylsulfonsäure, die in 2-Stellung mit einem Alkyl- oder Arylrest substituiert ist, sein. Derartige Polymere lassen sich insbesondere nach Verfahren herstellen, die in der deutschen Patentschrift DE 42 21 381 und der deutschen Patentanmeldung DE 43 00 772 beschrieben sind, und weisen im allgemeinen eine relative Molekülmasse zwischen 1 000 und 200 000 auf. Weitere bevorzugte Copolymere sind solche, die in den deutschen Patentanmeldungen DE 43 03 320 und DE 44 17 734 beschrieben werden und als Monomere vorzugsweise Acrolein und Acrylsäure/Acrylsäuresalze beziehungsweise Vinylacetat aufweisen. Die organischen Buildersubstanzen können, insbesondere zur Herstellung flüssiger Mittel, in Form wäßriger Lösungen, vorzugsweise in Form 30- bis 50-gewichtsprozentiger wäßriger Lösungen eingesetzt werden. Alle genannten Säuren werden in der Regel in Form ihrer wasserlöslichen Salze, insbesondere ihre Alkalisalze, eingesetzt.In the context of the use according to the invention, an agent preferably contains at least one water-soluble and / or water-insoluble, organic and / or inorganic builder. The water-soluble organic builder substances include polycarboxylic acids, in particular citric acid and sugar acids, monomeric and polymeric aminopolycarboxylic acids, in particular methylglycinediacetic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and polyaspartic acid, polyphosphonic acids, in particular aminotris (methylenephosphonic acid), ethylenediaminetetrakis (methylenephosphonic acid) and 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid, polymeric hydroxy compounds such as dextrin and polymeric (poly) carboxylic acids, in particular the accessible by oxidation of polysaccharides or dextrins polycarboxylates of European Patent EP 0 625 992 or the international patent application WO 92/18542 or European Patent EP 0 232 202, polymeric acrylic acids, methacrylic acids , Maleic acids and copolymers thereof, which also contain polymerized small amounts of polymerizable substances without carboxylic acid functionality can. The molecular weight of the homopolymers of unsaturated carboxylic acids is generally between 3,000 and 200,000, of the copolymers between 2,000 and 200,000, preferably 30,000 to 120,000, each based on the free acid. A particularly preferred acrylic acid-maleic acid copolymer has a molecular weight of from 30,000 to 100,000. Commercially available products are, for example, Sokalan® CP 5, CP 10 and PA 30 from BASF. Suitable, although less preferred, compounds of this class are copolymers of acrylic or methacrylic acid with vinyl ethers, such as vinylmethyl ethers, vinyl esters, ethylene, propylene and styrene, in which the acid content is at least 50% by weight. It is also possible to use terpolymers which contain two unsaturated acids and / or salts thereof as monomers and also vinyl alcohol and / or an esterified vinyl alcohol or a carbohydrate as the third monomer as water-soluble organic builder substances. The first acidic monomer or its salt is derived from a monoethylenically unsaturated C 3 -C 8 -carboxylic acid and preferably from a C 3 -C 4 -monocarboxylic acid, in particular from (meth) -acrylic acid. The second acidic monomer or its salt may be a derivative of a C 4 -C 8 -dicarboxylic acid, with maleic acid being particularly preferred, and / or a derivative of an allylsulfonic acid which is substituted in the 2-position by an alkyl or aryl radical. Such polymers can be prepared in particular by methods which are described in German Patent DE 42 21 381 and German Patent Application DE 43 00 772, and generally have a molecular weight between 1,000 and 200,000. Further preferred copolymers are those which are described in the German patent applications DE 43 03 320 and DE 44 17 734 and preferably have as monomers acrolein and acrylic acid / acrylic acid salts or vinyl acetate. The organic builder substances can be used, in particular for the preparation of liquid agents, in the form of aqueous solutions, preferably in the form of 30 to 50 percent by weight aqueous solutions. All of the acids mentioned are generally used in the form of their water-soluble salts, in particular their alkali metal salts.

Derartige organische Buildersubstanzen können gewünschtenfalls in Mengen bis zu 40 Gew.-%, insbesondere bis zu 25 Gew.-% und vorzugsweise von 1 Gew.-% bis 8 Gew.-% enthalten sein. Mengen nahe der genannten Obergrenze werden vorzugsweise in pastenförmigen oder flüssigen, insbesondere wasserhaltigen, Mitteln eingesetzt.If desired, such organic builders may be used in amounts up to 40 wt .-%, in particular up to 25 wt .-% and preferably from 1 wt .-% to 8 wt .-% be included. Quantities near the upper limit mentioned are preferably used in pasty or liquid, in particular hydrous, agents used.

Als wasserlösliche anorganische Buildermaterialien kommen insbesondere Alkalisilikate, Alkalicarbonate und Alkaliphosphate, die in Form ihrer alkalischen, neutralen oder sauren Natrium- oder Kaliumsalze vorliegen können, in Betracht. Beispiele hierfür sind Trinatriumphosphat, Tetranatriumdiphosphat, Dinatriumdihydrogendiphosphat, Pentanatriumtriphosphat, sogenanntes Natriumhexametaphosphat, oligomeres Trinatriumphosphat mit Oligomerisierungsgraden von 5 bis 1000, insbesondere 5 bis 50, sowie die entsprechenden Kaliumsalze beziehungsweise Gemische aus Natrium- und Kaliumsalzen. Als wasserunlösliche, wasserdispergierbare anorganische Builderrnaterialien werden insbesondere kristalline oder amorphe Alkalialumosilikate, in Mengen von bis zu 50 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise nicht über 40 Gew.-% und in flüssigen Mitteln insbesondere von 1 Gew.-% bis 5 Gew.-%, eingesetzt. Unter diesen sind die kristallinen Natriumalumosilikate in Waschmittelqualität, insbesondere Zeolith A, P und gegebenenfalls X, allein oder in Mischungen, beispielsweise in Form eines Co-Kristallisats aus den Zeolithen A und X (Vegobond® AX, ein Handelsprodukt der Condea Augusta S.p.A.), bevorzugt. Mengen nahe der genannten Obergrenze werden vorzugsweise in festen, teilchenförmigen Mitteln eingesetzt. Geeignete Alumosilikate weisen insbesondere keine Teilchen mit einer Korngröße über 30 µm auf und bestehen vorzugsweise zu wenigstens 80 Gew.-% aus Teilchen mit einer Größe unter 10 µm. Ihr Calciumbindevermögen, das nach den Angaben der deutschen Patentschrift DE 24 12 837 bestimmt werden kann, liegt in der Regel im Bereich von 100 bis 200 mg CaO pro Gramm.As water-soluble inorganic builder materials are in particular alkali metal silicates, Alkaline carbonates and alkali phosphates, in the form of their alkaline, neutral or acidic Sodium or potassium salts may be present, into consideration. examples for this are Trisodium phosphate, tetrasodium diphosphate, disodium dihydrogen diphosphate, pentasodium triphosphate, so-called sodium hexametaphosphate, oligomeric Trisodium phosphate with degrees of oligomerization of 5 to 1000, in particular 5 to 50, and the corresponding potassium salts or mixtures of sodium and Potassium salts. As water-insoluble, water-dispersible inorganic builder materials in particular crystalline or amorphous alkali metal aluminosilicates, in quantities of up to 50% by weight, preferably not more than 40% by weight and in particular in liquid agents from 1% by weight to 5% by weight. Among these are the crystalline ones Detergent grade sodium aluminosilicates, in particular zeolite A, P and optionally X, alone or in mixtures, for example in the form of a co-crystallizate from the Zeolites A and X (Vegobond® AX, a commercial product of Condea Augusta S.p.A.), prefers. Quantities near the upper limit mentioned are preferably in solid, particulate Funds used. Suitable aluminosilicates have no particular Particles having a particle size greater than 30 microns and are preferably at least 80 wt .-% of particles with a size less than 10 microns. Your calcium binding capacity, the can be determined according to the specifications of German Patent DE 24 12 837 is usually in the range of 100 to 200 mg CaO per gram.

Geeignete Substitute beziehungsweise Teilsubstitute für das genannte Alumosilikat sind kristalline Alkalisilikate, die allein oder im Gemisch mit amorphen Silikaten vorliegen können. Die in den Mitteln im Rahmen der erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung als Gerüststoffe brauchbaren Alkalisilikate weisen vorzugsweise ein molares Verhältnis von Alkalioxid zu SiO2 unter 0,95, insbesondere von 1:1,1 bis 1:12 auf und können amorph oder kristallin vorliegen. Bevorzugte Alkalisilikate sind die Natriumsilikate, insbesondere die amorphen Natriumsilikate, mit einem molaren Verhältnis Na2O:SiO2 von 1:2 bis 1:2,8. Solche mit einem molaren Verhältnis Na2O:SiO2 von 1:1,9 bis 1:2,8 können nach dem Verfahren der europäischen Patentanmeldung EP 0 425 427 hergestellt werden. Als kristalline Silikate, die allein oder im Gemisch mit amorphen Silikaten vorliegen können, werden vorzugsweise kristalline Schichtsilikate der allgemeinen Formel Na2SixO2x+1 · y H2O eingesetzt, in der x, das sogenannte Modul, eine Zahl von 1,9 bis 22, insbesondere 1,9 bis 4 und y eine Zahl von 0 bis 33 ist und bevorzugte Werte für x 2, 3 oder 4 sind. Kristalline Schichtsilikate, die unter diese allgemeine Formel fallen, werden beispielsweise in der europäischen Patentanmeldung EP 0 164 514 beschrieben. Bevorzugte kristalline Schichtsilikate sind solche, bei denen x in der genannten allgemeinen Formel die Werte 2 oder 3 annimmt. Insbesondere sind sowohl β- als auch δ-Natriumdisilikate (Na2Si2O5 · y H2O) bevorzugt, wobei β-Natriumdisilikat beispielsweise nach dem Verfahren erhalten werden kann, das in der internationalen Patentanmeldung WO 91/08171 beschrieben ist. δ-Natriumsilikate mit einem Modul zwischen 1,9 und 3,2 können gemäß den japanischen Patentanmeldungen JP 04/238 809 oder JP 04/260 610 hergestellt werden. Auch aus amorphen Alkalisilikaten hergestellte, praktisch wasserfreie kristalline Alkalisilikate der obengenannten allgemeinen Formel, in der x eine Zahl von 1,9 bis 2,1 bedeutet, herstellbar wie in den europäischen Patentanmeldungen EP 0 548 599, EP 0 502 325 und EP 0 452 428 beschrieben, können in Mitteln im Rahmen der erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung eingesetzt werden. In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform solcher Mittel wird ein kristallines Natriumschichtsilikat mit einem Modul von 2 bis 3 eingesetzt, wie es nach dem Verfahren der europäischen Patentanmeldung EP 0 436 835 aus Sand und Soda hergestellt werden kann. Kristalline Natriumsilikate mit einem Modul im Bereich von 1,9 bis 3,5, wie sie nach den Verfahren der europäischen Patentschriften EP 0 164 552 und/oder EP 0 294 753 erhältlich sind, werden in einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform solcher Mittel eingesetzt. Kristalline schichtförmige Silikate der oben angegebenen Formel (I) werden von der Fa. Clariant GmbH unter dem Handelsnamen Na-SKS vertrieben, z.B. Na-SKS-1 (Na2Si22O45·xH2O, Kenyait), Na-SKS-2 (Na2Si14O29·xH2O, Magadiit), Na-SKS-3 (Na2Si8O17·xH2O) oder Na-SKS-4 (Na2Si4O9·xH2O, Makatit). Von diesen eignen sich vor allem Na-SKS-5 (α-Na2Si2O5), Na-SKS-7 (β-Na2Si2O5, Natrosilit), Na-SKS-9 (NaHSi2O5·3H2O), Na-SKS-10 (NaHSi2O5·3H2O, Kanemit), Na-SKS-11 (t-Na2Si2O5) und Na-SKS-13 (NaHSi2O5), insbesondere aber Na-SKS-6 (δ-Na2Si2O5). Einen Überblick über kristalline Schichtsilikate geben zum Beispiel die im "Hoechst High Chem Magazin 14/1993" auf den Seiten 33 - 38 und in "Seifen-Öle-Fette-Wachse, 116 Jahrgang, Nr. 20/1990" auf den Seiten 805 - 808 veröffentlichten Artikel. In einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung von Mitteln im Rahmen der erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung setzt man ein granulares Compound aus kristallinem Schichtsilikat und Citrat, aus kristallinem Schichtsilikat und oben genannter (co-)polymerer Polycarbonsäure, wie es zum Beispiel in der deutschen Patentanmeldung DE 198 19 187 beschrieben ist, oder aus Alkalisilikat und Alkalicarbonat ein, wie es zum Beispiel in der internationalen Patentanmeldung WO 95/22592 beschrieben ist oder wie es beispielsweise unter dem Namen Nabion® 15 im Handel erhältlich ist. Suitable substitutes or partial substitutes for the said aluminosilicate are crystalline alkali silicates which may be present alone or in a mixture with amorphous silicates. The alkali metal silicates useful as builders in the compositions according to the invention preferably have a molar ratio of alkali oxide to SiO 2 below 0.95, in particular from 1: 1.1 to 1:12, and may be present in amorphous or crystalline form. Preferred alkali metal silicates are the sodium silicates, in particular the amorphous sodium silicates, with a molar ratio of Na 2 O: SiO 2 of 1: 2 to 1: 2.8. Those with a molar ratio of Na 2 O: SiO 2 of 1: 1.9 to 1: 2.8 can be prepared by the process of European Patent Application EP 0 425 427. The crystalline silicates which may be present alone or in admixture with amorphous silicates, are crystalline layer silicates with the general formula Na 2 Si x O 2x + 1 · y H are used 2 O, in which x, known as the modulus, an integer from 1 9 to 22, especially 1.9 to 4, and y is a number from 0 to 33 and preferred values for x are 2, 3 or 4. Crystalline layered silicates which fall under this general formula are described, for example, in European Patent Application EP 0 164 514. Preferred crystalline phyllosilicates are those in which x in the abovementioned general formula assumes the values 2 or 3. In particular, both β- and δ-sodium disilicates (Na 2 Si 2 O 5 .yH 2 O) are preferred, whereby β-sodium disilicate can be obtained, for example, by the process described in international patent application WO 91/08171. δ-Sodium silicates with a modulus between 1.9 and 3.2 can be prepared according to Japanese patent applications JP 04/238 809 or JP 04/260 610. Also prepared from amorphous alkali metal silicates, practically anhydrous crystalline alkali metal silicates of the abovementioned general formula in which x is a number from 1.9 to 2.1, preparable as in the European patent applications EP 0 548 599, EP 0 502 325 and EP 0 452 428 can be used in agents within the scope of the inventive use. In a further preferred embodiment of such agents, a crystalline sodium layer silicate with a modulus of 2 to 3 is used, as can be prepared by the process of European patent application EP 0 436 835 from sand and soda. Crystalline sodium silicates with a modulus in the range of 1.9 to 3.5, as obtainable by the processes of European patents EP 0 164 552 and / or EP 0 294 753, are used in a further preferred embodiment of such agents. Crystalline layer-form silicates of formula (I) given above are sold by Clariant GmbH under the trade name Na-SKS, eg Na-SKS-1 (Na 2 Si 22 O 45 .xH 2 O, Kenyaite), Na-SKS 2 (Na 2 Si 14 O 29 .xH 2 O, magadiite), Na-SKS-3 (Na 2 Si 8 O 17 .xH 2 O) or Na-SKS-4 (Na 2 Si 4 O 9 .xH 2 O , Makatit). Of these, especially Na-SKS-5 (α-Na 2 Si 2 O 5 ), Na-SKS-7 (β-Na 2 Si 2 O 5 , natrosilite), Na-SKS-9 (NaHSi 2 O 5 · 3H 2 O), Na-SKS-10 (NaHSi 2 O 5 · 3H 2 O, kanemite), Na-SKS-11 (t-Na 2 Si 2 O 5) and Na-SKS-13 (NaHSi 2 O 5 ), but especially Na-SKS-6 (δ-Na 2 Si 2 O 5 ). An overview of crystalline phyllosilicates can be found, for example, in the "Hoechst High Chem Magazine 14/1993" on pages 33-38 and in "Soaps-Oils-Fette-Wachse, 116 Volume, No. 20/1990" on pages 805 - 808 published articles. In a preferred embodiment of compositions within the scope of the inventive use, a granular compound of crystalline phyllosilicate and citrate, of crystalline phyllosilicate and of the abovementioned (co) polymeric polycarboxylic acid, as described, for example, in German patent application DE 198 19 187, or from alkali metal silicate and alkali metal carbonate, as described, for example, in International Patent Application WO 95/22592 or as it is commercially available, for example, under the name Nabion® 15.

Buildersubstanzen können in den Mitteln im Rahmen der erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung gegebenenfalls in Mengen bis zu 90 Gew.-% enthalten sein. Sie sind vorzugsweise in Mengen bis zu 75 Gew.-% enthalten. Waschmittel weisen im Rahmen der erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung Buildergehalte von insbesondere 5 Gew.-% bis 50 Gew.-% auf. In Mitteln für die Reinigung harter Oberflächen, insbesondere zur maschinellen Reinigung von Geschirr, beträgt der Gehalt an Buildersubstanzen insbesondere 5 Gew.-% bis 88 Gew.-%, wobei in derartigen Mitteln vorzugsweise keine wasserunlöslichen Buildermaterialien eingesetzt werden. In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform von Mitteln zur insbesondere maschinellen Reinigung von Geschirr sind im Rahmen der erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung 20 Gew.-% bis 40 Gew.-% wasserlöslicher organischer Builder, insbesondere Alkalicitrat, 5 Gew.-% bis 15 Gew.-% Alkalicarbonat und 20 Gew.-% bis 40 Gew.-% Alkalidisilikat enthalten.Builders may be used in the compositions in the context of the use according to the invention optionally in quantities be contained up to 90 wt .-%. They are preferably in amounts of up to 75% by weight. contain. Detergents have in the context of the inventive use builder contents of particular 5 wt .-% to 50 wt .-% on. In means for cleaning hard Surfaces, especially for machine cleaning of dishes, the content is to builders, in particular 5 wt .-% to 88 wt .-%, wherein in such agents preferably no water-insoluble builder materials are used. In a preferred embodiment of means for particular mechanical Cleaning dishes are in the context of the use according to the invention 20 wt .-% to 40 wt .-% of water-soluble organic Builder, in particular alkali citrate, 5 wt .-% to 15 wt .-% alkali carbonate and 20 wt .-% contain up to 40 wt .-% Alkalidisilikat.

Zusätzlich zu der bleichaktivierenden Verbindung gemäß Formel I können übliche unter Perhydrolysebedingungen Peroxocarbonsäure abspaltende Verbindungen, sogenannte Bleichaktivatoren, eingesetzt werden. Als Bleichaktivatoren können insbesondere Verbindungen, die unter Perhydrolysebedingungen aliphatische Peroxocarbonsäuren mit vorzugsweise 1 bis 10 C-Atomen, insbesondere 2 bis 4 C-Atomen, und/oder gegebenenfalls substituierte Perbenzoesäure ergeben, eingesetzt werden. Geeignet sind Substanzen, die O- und/oder N-Acylgruppen der genannten C-Atomzahl und/oder gegebenenfalls substituierte Benzoylgruppen tragen. Bevorzugt sind mehrfach acylierte Alkylendiamine, insbesondere Tetraacetylethylendiamin (TAED), acylierte Triazinderivate, insbesondere 1,5-Diacetyl-2,4-dioxohexahydro-1,3,5-triazin (DADHT), acylierte Glykolurile, insbesondere Tetraacetylglykoluril (TAGU), N-Acylimide, insbesondere N-Nonanoylsuccinimid (NOSI), acylierte Phenolsulfonate, insbesondere n-Nonanoyl- oder Isononanoyloxybenzolsulfonat (n- bzw. iso-NOBS), Carbonsäureanhydride, insbesondere Phthalsäureanhydrid, acylierte mehrwertige Alkohole, insbesondere Triacetin, Ethylenglykoldiacetat, 2,5-Diacetoxy-2,5-dihydrofuran und die aus den deutschen Patentanmeldungen DE 196 16 693 und DE 196 16 767 bekannten Enolester sowie acetylieries Sorbitol und Mannitol beziehungsweise deren in der europäischen Patentanmeldung EP 0 525 239 beschriebene Mischungen (SORMAN), acylierte Zuckerderivate, insbesondere Pentaacetylglukose (PAG), Pentaacetylfruktose, Tetraacetylxylose und Octaacetyllactose sowie acetyliertes, gegebenenfalls N-alkyliertes Glucamin und Gluconolacton, und/oder N-acylierte Lactame, beispielsweise N-Benzoylcaprolactam, die aus den internationalen Patentanmeldungen WO 94/27970, WO 94/28102, WO 94/28103, WO 95/00626, WO 95/14759 und WO 95/17498 bekannt sind. Die aus der deutschen Patentanmeldung DE 196 16 769 bekannten hydrophil substituierten Acylacetale und die in der deutschen Patentanmeldung DE 196 16 770 sowie der internationalen Patentanmeldung WO 95/14075 beschriebenen Acyllactame werden ebenfalls bevorzugt eingesetzt. Auch die aus der deutschen Patentanmeldung DE 44 43 177 bekannten Kombinationen konventioneller Bleichaktivatoren können eingesetzt werden. Derartige Bleichaktivatoren können im üblichen Mengenbereich, vorzugsweise in Mengen von 0,5 Gew.-% bis 10 Gew.-%, insbesondere 1 Gew.-% bis 8 Gew.-%, bezogen auf gesamtes Mittel, enthalten sein. Zusätzlich zu den oben aufgeführten konventionellen Bleichaktivatoren oder an deren Stelle können auch die aus den europäischen Patentschriften EP 0 446 982 und EP 0 453 003 bekannten Sulfonimine und/oder bleichverstärkende Übergangsmetallsalze beziehungsweise Übergangsmetallkomplexe als sogenannte Bleichkatalysatoren enthalten sein. Zu den in Frage kommenden Übergangsmetallverbindungen gehören insbesondere die aus der deutschen Patentanmeldung DE 195 29 905 bekannten Mangan-, Eisen-, Cobalt-, Ruthenium- oder Molybdän-Salenkomplexe und deren aus der deutschen Patentanmeldung DE 196 20 267 bekannte N-Analogverbindungen, die aus der deutschen Patentanmeldung DE 195 36 082 bekannten Mangan-, Eisen-, Cobalt-, Ruthenium- oder Molybdän-Carbonylkomplexe, die in der deutschen Patentanmeldung DE 196 05 688 beschriebenen Mangan-, Eisen-, Cobalt-, Ruthenium-, Molybdän-, Titan-, Vanadium- und Kupfer-Komplexe mit stickstoffhaltigen Tripod-Liganden, die aus der deutschen Patentanmeldung DE 196 20 411 bekannten Cobalt-, Eisen-, Kupfer- und Ruthenium-Amminkomplexe, die in der deutschen Patentanmeldung DE 44 16 438 beschriebenen Mangan-, Kupfer- und Cobalt-Komplexe, die in der europäischen Patentanmeldung EP 0 272 030 beschriebenen Cobalt-Komplexe, die aus der europäischen Patentanmeldung EP 0 693 550 bekannten Mangan-Komplexe, die aus der europäischen Patentschrift EP 0 392 592 bekannten Mangan-, Eisen-, Cobalt- und Kupfer-Komplexe, die aus den internationalen Patentanmeldungen WO 96/23859, WO 96/23860 und WO 96/23861 bekannten Cobalt-Komplexe und/oder die in der europäischen Patentschrift EP 4 443 651 oder den europäischen Pafentanmeldungen EP 0 458 397, EP 0 458 398, EP 0 549 271, EP 0 549 272, EP 0 544 490 und EP 0 544 519 beschriebenen Mangan-Komplexe. Auch die gemäß der europäischen Patentanmeldung EP 0 832 969 erhältliche bleichverstärkende Wirkstoffkombination kann in Mitteln im Rahmen der erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung eingesetzt werden. Kombinationen aus Bleichaktivatoren und Übergangsmetall-Bleichkatalysatoren sind beispielsweise aus der deutschen Patentanmeldung DE 196 13 103 und der internationalen Patentanmeldung WO 95/27775 bekannt. Bleichverstärkende Übergangsmetallkomplexe, insbesondere mit den Zentralatomen Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Mo, V, Ti und/oder Ru, werden in üblichen Mengen, vorzugsweise in einer Menge bis zu 1 Gew.-%, insbesondere von 0,0025 Gew.-% bis 0,25 Gew.-% und besonders bevorzugt von 0,01 Gew.-% bis 0,1 Gew.-%, jeweils bezogen auf gesamtes Mittel, eingesetzt.In addition to the bleach activating compound according to formula I, conventional Perhydrolysis conditions peroxocarboxylic acid releasing compounds, so-called Bleach activators are used. As bleach activators, in particular Compounds which, under perhydrolysis conditions, are aliphatic peroxycarboxylic acids preferably 1 to 10 C-atoms, in particular 2 to 4 C-atoms, and / or optionally substituted perbenzoic acid, can be used. Are suitable Substances which contain O- and / or N-acyl groups of said C atom number and / or optionally bear substituted benzoyl groups. Preference is given to multiple acylated Alkylenediamines, especially tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED), acylated Triazine derivatives, in particular 1,5-diacetyl-2,4-dioxohexahydro-1,3,5-triazine (DADHT), acylated glycolurils, in particular tetraacetylglycoluril (TAGU), N-acylimides, in particular N-nonanoylsuccinimide (NOSI), acylated phenolsulfonates, especially n-nonanoyl or isononanoyloxybenzenesulfonate (n- or iso-NOBS), Carboxylic anhydrides, especially phthalic anhydride, acylated polyvalent Alcohols, especially triacetin, ethylene glycol diacetate, 2,5-diacetoxy-2,5-dihydrofuran and from German patent applications DE 196 16 693 and DE 196 16 767 known enol esters and acetylating sorbitol and mannitol or their in European Patent Application EP 0 525 239 (SORMAN), acylated sugar derivatives, in particular pentaacetylglucose (PAG), pentaacetylfructose, Tetraacetylxylose and Octaacetyllactose and acetylated, optionally N-alkylated Glucamine and gluconolactone, and / or N-acylated lactams, for example N-benzoylcaprolactam, from international patent applications WO 94/27970, WO 94/28102, WO 94/28103, WO 95/00626, WO 95/14759 and WO 95/17498 are. The well-known from German patent application DE 196 16 769 hydrophilic substituted Acylacetals and in the German patent application DE 196 16 770 and International Patent Application WO 95/14075 acyllactams be described likewise preferably used. Also from the German patent application DE 44 43 177 known combinations of conventional bleach activators can be used. Such bleach activators can be used in the usual quantity range, preferably in amounts of 0.5% by weight to 10% by weight, in particular 1% by weight to 8 wt .-%, based on total agent, be included. In addition to the above listed conventional bleach activators or in their place can also from sulfonimines known from European patents EP 0 446 982 and EP 0 453 003 and / or bleach-enhancing transition metal salts or Transition metal complexes may be included as so-called bleach catalysts. To the in Issue coming transition metal compounds include in particular those from the German patent application DE 195 29 905 known manganese, iron, cobalt, Ruthenium or molybdenum-salene complexes and their from the German Patent Application DE 196 20 267 known N-analogues, from the German Patent application DE 195 36 082 known manganese, iron, cobalt, ruthenium or Molybdenum-carbonyl complexes described in German Patent Application DE 196 05 688 described manganese, iron, cobalt, ruthenium, molybdenum, titanium, vanadium and Copper complexes with nitrogen-containing tripod ligands derived from the German Patent Application DE 196 20 411 discloses known cobalt, iron, copper and ruthenium-ammine complexes, those described in the German patent application DE 44 16 438 Manganese, copper and cobalt complexes described in the European patent application EP 0 272 030 described cobalt complexes described in the European patent application EP 0 693 550 known manganese complexes, from the European Patent EP 0 392 592 discloses known manganese, iron, cobalt and copper complexes, from international patent applications WO 96/23859, WO 96/23860 and WO 96/23861 known cobalt complexes and / or in the European patent specification EP 4 443 651 or European Patent Applications EP 0 458 397, EP 0 458 398, EP 0 549 271, EP 0 549 272, EP 0 544 490 and EP 0 544 519 describe manganese complexes. Also available according to the European patent application EP 0 832 969 Bleach-enhancing active ingredient combination can be used in agents in the context of the use according to the invention used become. Combinations of bleach activators and transition metal bleach catalysts are for example from the German patent application DE 196 13 103 and the international patent application WO 95/27775. bleach-boosting Transition metal complexes, in particular with the central atoms Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Mo, V, Ti and / or Ru, in usual amounts, preferably in an amount up to 1 wt .-%, in particular from 0.0025% by weight to 0.25% by weight and more preferably from 0.01 wt .-% to 0.1 wt .-%, each based on the total agent used.

Als in den Mitteln zusätzlich verwendbare Enzyme kommen solche aus der Klasse der Cutinasen, Pullulanasen, Hemicellulasen, Oxidasen, Laccasen und Peroxidasen sowie deren Gemische in Frage. Besonders geeignet sind aus Pilzen oder Bakterien, wie Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus lentus, Streptomyces griseus, Humicola lanuginosa, Humicola insolens, Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes, Pseudomonas cepacia oder Coprinus cinereus gewonnene enzymatische Wirkstoffe. Die Enzyme können, wie zum Beispiel in der europäischen Patentschrift EP 0 564 476 oder in der internationalen Patentanmeldung WO 94/23005 beschrieben, an Trägerstoffen adsorbiert und/oder in Hüllsubstanzen eingebettet sein, um sie gegen vorzeitige Inaktivierung zu schützen. Sie sind in Wasch- oder Reinigungsmitteln im Rahmen der erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung vorzugsweise in Mengen bis zu 5 Gew.-%, insbesondere von 0,2 Gew.-% bis 4 Gew.-%, enthalten.As in the agents additionally usable enzymes come from the class of Cutinases, pullulanases, hemicellulases, oxidases, laccases and peroxidases as well their mixtures in question. Particularly suitable are from fungi or bacteria, such as Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus lentus, Streptomyces griseus, Humicola lanuginosa, Humicola insolens, Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes, Pseudomonas cepacia or Coprinus cinereus derived enzymatic agents. The enzymes can, as for example in the European patent EP 0 564 476 or in the International Patent Application WO 94/23005, adsorbed on carriers and / or embedded in encapsulating substances to prevent premature inactivation protect. They are in detergents or cleaners in the context of the use according to the invention preferably in amounts of up to 5% by weight, in particular from 0.2% by weight to 4% by weight, contain.

Zu den in Mitteln im Rahmen der erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung, insbesondere wenn sie in flüssiger oder pastöser Form vorliegen, neben Wasser verwendbaren organischen Lösungsmitteln gehören Alkohole mit 1 bis 4 C-Atomen, insbesondere Methanol, Ethanol, Isopropanol und tert.-Butanol, Diole mit 2 bis 4 C-Atomen, insbesondere Ethylenglykol und Propylenglykol, sowie deren Gemische und die aus den genannten Verbindungsklassen ableitbaren Ether. Derartige wassermischbare Lösungsmittel sind in den Mitteln vorzugsweise in Mengen nicht über 30 Gew.%, insbesondere von 6 Gew.-% bis 20 Gew.-%, vorhanden.To those in funds in the context of the use according to the invention, in particular if they are in liquid or pasty form, in addition to water usable organic solvents include alcohols having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, in particular methanol, ethanol, isopropanol and tert-butanol, diols having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, in particular ethylene glycol and propylene glycol, as well as their mixtures and the derivable from the mentioned classes of compounds Ether. Such water-miscible solvents are in the compositions preferably in amounts not exceeding 30% by weight, in particular from 6% by weight to 20 wt .-%, present.

Zusätzlich können die Mittel weitere in Wasch- und Reinigungsmitteln übliche Bestandteile enthalten. Zu diesen fakultativen Bestandteilen gehören insbesondere Enzymstabilisatoren, Vergrauungsinhibitoren, Farbübertragungsinhibitoren, Schauminhibitoren, und optische Aufheller sowie Farb- und Duftstoffe. Um einen Silberkorrosionsschutz zu bewirken, können in Reinigungsmitteln für Geschirr im Rahmen der erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung Silberkorrosionsinhibitoren eingesetzt werden. Ein Reinigungsmittel für harte Oberflächen kann im Rahmen der erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung darüber hinaus abrasiv wirkende Bestandteile, insbesondere aus der Gruppe umfassend Quarzmehle, Holzmehle, Kunststoffmehle, Kreiden und Mikroglaskugeln sowie deren Gemische, enthalten. Abrasivstoffe sind in den Reinigungsmitteln im Rahmen der erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung vorzugsweise nicht über 20 Gew.-%, insbesondere von 5 Gew.-% bis 15 Gew.-%, enthalten.In addition, the agents may be more common in detergents and cleaners Contain ingredients. These optional ingredients include in particular Enzyme stabilizers, grayness inhibitors, dye transfer inhibitors, foam inhibitors, and optical brighteners, as well as dyes and fragrances. To one Silver corrosion protection can be used in cleaning agents for dishes in the context of the use according to the invention Silver corrosion inhibitors are used. One Cleaning agent for hard surfaces can in the context of the inventive use beyond abrasive acting Ingredients, in particular from the group comprising quartz flours, wood flours, Plastic flours, chalks and glass microspheres and mixtures thereof. Abrasives are in the detergents in the context of the use according to the invention preferably not over 20 wt .-%, in particular from 5 wt .-% to 15 wt .-%, contain.

Zur Einstellung eines gewünschten, sich durch die Mischung der übrigen Komponenten nicht von selbst ergebenden pH-Werts können die Mittel im Rahmen der erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung system- und umweltverträgliche Säuren, insbesondere Citronensäure, Essigsäure, Weinsäure, Äpfelsäure, Milchsäure, Glykolsäure, Bernsteinsäure, Glutarsäure und/oder Adipinsäure, aber auch Mineralsäuren, insbesondere Schwefelsäure, oder Basen, insbesondere Ammonium- oder Alkalihydroxide, enthalten. Derartige pH-Regulatoren sind in den Mitteln im Rahmen der erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung in Mengen von vorzugsweise nicht über 20 Gew.-%, insbesondere von 1,2 Gew.-% bis 17 Gew.-%, enthalten.To adjust a desired, by mixing the remaining components non-self-evolving pH can be the means in the context of the inventive use system and environmentally friendly acids, in particular citric acid, acetic acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, Lactic acid, glycolic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid and / or adipic acid, but also mineral acids, in particular sulfuric acid, or bases, in particular ammonium or alkali hydroxides. Such pH regulators are in the funds in the context of the inventive use in amounts of preferably not more than 20 wt .-%, in particular of 1.2 wt .-% to 17 wt .-%, contained.

Zu den für den Einsatz in Textilwaschmitteln im Rahmen der erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung in Frage kommenden Farbübertragungsinhibitoren gehören insbesondere Polyvinylpyrrolidone, Polyvinylimidazole, polymere N-Oxide wie Poly-(vinylpyridin-N-exid) und Copolymere von Vinylpyrrolidon mit Vinylimidazol.To those for use in laundry detergents in the context of the use of the invention in question In particular, color transfer inhibitors include polyvinylpyrrolidones, polyvinylimidazoles, polymeric N-oxides such as poly (vinylpyridine-N-exide) and copolymers of Vinylpyrrolidone with vinylimidazole.

Vergrauungsinhibitoren haben die Aufgabe, den von der Textilfaser abgelösten Schmutz in der Flotte suspendiert zu halten. Hierzu sind wasserlösliche Kolloide meist organischer Natur geeignet, beispielsweise Stärke, Leim, Gelatine, Salze von Ethercarbonsäuren oder Ethersulfonsäuren der Stärke oder der Cellulose oder Salze von sauren Schwefelsäureestern der Cellulose oder der Stärke. Auch wasserlösliche, saure Gruppen enthaltende Polyamide sind für diesen Zweck geeignet. Weiterhin lassen sich andere als die obengenannten Stärkederivate verwenden, zum Beispiel Aldehydstärken. Bevorzugt werden Celluloseether, wie Carboxymethylcellulose (Na-Salz), Methylcellulose, Hydroxyalkylcellulose und Mischether, wie Methylhydroxyethylcellulose, Methylhydroxypropylcellulose, Methylcarboxymethylcellulose und deren Gemische, beispielsweise in Mengen von 0,1 bis 5 Gew.-%, bezogen auf die Mittel, eingesetzt.Graying inhibitors have the task of removing the dirt removed from the textile fiber to keep suspended in the fleet. For this purpose, water-soluble colloids are usually more organic Naturally suitable, for example, starch, glue, gelatin, salts of ether carboxylic acids or Ether sulfonic acids of starch or cellulose or salts of acidic Sulfuric acid esters of cellulose or starch. Also water-soluble, acidic groups containing polyamides are suitable for this purpose. Furthermore, other than use the above-mentioned starch derivatives, for example aldehyde starches. Prefers are cellulose ethers, such as carboxymethyl cellulose (Na salt), methyl cellulose, Hydroxyalkylcellulose and mixed ethers such as methylhydroxyethylcellulose, methylhydroxypropylcellulose, Methylcarboxymethylcellulose and mixtures thereof, for example in amounts of 0.1 to 5 wt .-%, based on the means used.

Zur Verstärkung der Reinigungsleistung können insbesondere die Waschmittel im Rahmen der erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung schmutzablösevermögende Polymere, sogenannte soil-release-Polymere, enthalten, die in der Regel aus Carbonsäureeinheiten und gegebenenfalls polymeren Dioleinheiten zusammengesetzt sind und zum Beispiel Ethylenterephthalat- und Polyoxyethylenterephthalat-Gruppen enthalten. Andere Monomereinheiten, beispielsweise Propylenglykol, Polypropylenglykol, Alkylen- oder Alkenylendicarbonsäuren, Isophthalsäure, carboxy- oder sulfosubstituierte Phthalsäureisomere können im schmutzablösevermögenden Polymer enthalten sein. Auch endgruppenverschlossene Derivate, das heißt Polymere, die weder freie Hydroxylgruppen noch freie Carboxylgruppen aufweisen, sondern beispielsweise C1-4-Alkylgruppen tragen oder mit einbasigen Carbonsäuren, beispielsweise Benzoesäure oder Sulfobenzoesäure, endständig verestert sind, können eingesetzt werden. Geeignet sind auch die aus der europäischen Patentanmeldung EP 0 241 985 bekannten Polyester, die neben Oxyethylen-Gruppen und Terephthalsäureeinheiten 1,2-Propylen-, 1,2-Butylen- und/oder 3-Methoxy-1,2-propylengruppen sowie Glycerineinheiten enthalten und mit C1- bis C4-Alkylgruppen endgruppenverschlossen sind, die in den Mitteln der europäischen Patentanmeldung EP 0 253 567 eingesetzten Soil-release-Polymere aus Ethylenterephthalat und Polyethylenoxid-terephthalat mit einer Molmasse von 900 bis 9000, wobei die Polyethylenglykol-Einheiten Molgewichte von 300 bis 3000 aufweisen und das Molverhältnis von Ethylenterephthalat zu Polyethylenoxid-terephthalat 0,6 bis 0,95 beträgt, die aus der europäischen Patentanmeldung EP 0 272 033 bekannten, zumindest anteilig durch C1-4-Alkyl- oder Acylreste endgruppenverschlossenen Polyester mit Poly-propylenterephthalat- und Polyoxyethylenterephthalat-Einheiten, die in der europäischen Patentanmeldung EP 0 274 907 genannten sulfoethyl-endgruppenverschlossenen terephthalathaltigen Soil-release-Polyester, die durch Sulfonierung ungesättigter Endgruppen hergestellten Soil-Release-Polyester mit Terephthalat-, Alkylenglykol- und Poly-C2-4-Glylkol-Einheiten der europäischen Patentanmeldung EP 0 357 280, die aus der europäischen Patentanmeldung EP 0 398 133 bekannten kationischen Soil-release-Polyester mit Amin-, Ammoniumund/oder Aminoxid-Gruppen und die kationischen Soil-release-Polyester mit ethoxylierten, quatemierten Morpholin-Einheiten der europäischen Patentanmeldung EP 0 398 137. Gleichfalls geeignet sind Polymere aus Ethylenterephthalat und Polyethylenoxid-terephthalat, in denen die Polyethylenglykol-Einheiten Molgewichte von 750 bis 5000 aufweisen und das Molverhältnis von Ethylenterephthalat zu Polyethylenoxid-terephthalat 50:50 bis 90:10 beträgt und deren Einsatz in Waschmitteln in der deutschen Patentschrift DE 28 57 292 beschrieben ist, sowie Polymere mit Molgewicht 15 000 bis 50 000 aus Ethylenterephthalat und Polyethylenoxid-terephthalat, wobei die Polyethylenglykol-Einheiten Molgewichte von 1000 bis 10 000 aufweisen und das Molverhältnis von Ethylenterephthalat zu Polyethylenoxid-terephthalat 2:1 bis 6:1 beträgt, die gemäß der deutschen Patentanmeldung DE 33 24 258 in Waschmitteln eingesetzt werden können.To enhance the cleaning performance, in particular the detergents in the context of the use according to the invention may contain soil release polymers, which are generally composed of carboxylic acid units and optionally polymeric diol units and contain, for example, ethylene terephthalate and polyoxyethylene terephthalate groups. Other monomer units, for example, propylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, alkylene or alkenylene dicarboxylic acids, isophthalic acid, carboxy- or sulfo-substituted phthalic acid isomers may be included in the soil release polymer. End-capped derivatives, ie polymers which have neither free hydroxyl groups nor free carboxyl groups, but for example carry C 1-4 -alkyl groups or are terminally esterified with monobasic carboxylic acids, for example benzoic acid or sulfobenzoic acid, can be used. Also suitable are the polyesters disclosed in European Patent Application EP 0 241 985, which in addition to oxyethylene groups and terephthalic acid units contain 1,2-propylene, 1,2-butylene and / or 3-methoxy-1,2-propylene groups and also glycerol units and end-capped with C 1 to C 4 alkyl groups, the soil release polymers of ethylene terephthalate and polyethylene oxide terephthalate having a molecular weight of 900 to 9000 used in the agents of European patent application EP 0 253 567, wherein the polyethylene glycol units are molecular weights from 300 to 3000 and the molar ratio of ethylene terephthalate to polyethylene oxide terephthalate is 0.6 to 0.95, from polyesters known from European Patent Application EP 0 272 033, at least partially end-capped by C 1-4 alkyl or acyl radicals propylene terephthalate and polyoxyethylene terephthalate units, the sulfoethyl end mentioned in European Patent Application EP 0 274 907 group-capped terephthalate-containing soil release polyester, the soil release polyester prepared by sulfonation of unsaturated end groups with terephthalate, alkylene glycol and poly-C 2-4 glycol units of European Patent Application EP 0 357 280, which are known from European Patent Application EP 0 398 133 known cationic soil release polyester with amine, ammonium and / or amine oxide groups and the cationic soil-release polyesters with ethoxylated, quaternized morpholine units of European Patent Application EP 0 398 137. Also suitable are polymers of ethylene terephthalate and Polyethylene oxide terephthalate in which the polyethylene glycol units have molecular weights of 750 to 5000 and the molar ratio of ethylene terephthalate to polyethylene oxide terephthalate 50:50 to 90:10 and their use in detergents in the German patent DE 28 57 292 is described, and Molecular weight polymers of from 15,000 to 50,000 ethylene terephthalate and polyethylene oxide terephthalate, wherein the polyethylene glycol units have molecular weights of 1000 to 10,000 and the molar ratio of ethylene terephthalate to polyethylene oxide terephthalate 2: 1 to 6: 1, which can be used according to the German patent application DE 33 24 258 in detergents ,

Textilwaschmittel können im Rahmen der erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung als optische Aufheller Derivate der Diaminostilbendisulfonsäure beziehungsweise deren Alkalimetallsalze enthalten. Geeignet sind zum Beispiel Salze der 4,4'-Bis(2-anilino-4-morpholino-1,3,5-triazinyl-6-amino)stilben-2,2'-disulfonsäure oder gleichartig aufgebaute Verbindungen, die anstelle der Morpholino-Gruppe eine Diethanolaminogruppe, eine Methylaminogruppe, eine Anilinogruppe oder eine 2-Methoxyethylaminogruppe tragen. Weiterhin können Aufheller vom Typ der substituierten Diphenylstyryle anwesend sein, zum Beispiel die Alkalisalze des 4,4'-Bis(2-sulfostyryl)-diphenyls, 4,4'-Bis(4-chlor-3-sulfostyryl)-diphenyls, oder 4-(4-Chlorstyryl)-4'-(2-sulfostyryl)-diphenyls. Auch Gemische der vorgenannten optischen Aufheller können verwendet werden. Textile detergents can in the context of the use according to the invention as optical brightener derivatives of Diaminostilbendisulfonsäure or their alkali metal salts. For example, salts of 4,4'-bis (2-anilino-4-morpholino-1,3,5-triazinyl-6-amino) stilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid are suitable or similar compounds, instead of the morpholino group is a diethanolamino group, a methylamino group, a Anilino group or a 2-Methoxyethylaminogruppe wear. Furthermore you can Brighteners of the type of substituted Diphenylstyryle be present, for example, the Alkali salts of 4,4'-bis (2-sulfostyryl) -diphenyl, 4,4'-bis (4-chloro-3-sulfostyryl) -diphenyl, or 4- (4-chlorostyryl) -4 '- (2-sulfostyryl) -diphenyls. Also mixtures of the aforementioned optical brighteners can be used.

Insbesondere beim Einsatz in maschinellen Verfahren kann es von Vorteil sein, den Mitteln übliche Schauminhibitoren zuzusetzen. Als Schauminhibitoren eignen sich beispielsweise Seifen natürlicher oder synthetischer Herkunft, die einen hohen Anteil an C18-C24-Fettsäuren aufweisen. Geeignete nichttensidartige Schauminhibitoren sind beispielsweise Organopolysiloxane und deren Gemische mit mikrofeiner, gegebenenfalls silanierter Kieselsäure sowie Paraffine, Wachse, Mikrokristallinwachse und deren Gemische mit silaniener Kieselsäure oder Bisfettsäurealkylendiamiden. Mit Vorteilen werden auch Gemische aus verschiedenen Schauminhibitoren verwendet, zum Beispiel solche aus Silikonen, Paraffinen oder Wachsen. Vorzugsweise sind die Schauminhibitoren, insbesondere Silikon- und/oder Paraffin-haltige Schauminhibitoren, an eine granuläre, in Wasser lösliche beziehungsweise dispergierbare Trägersubstanz gebunden. Insbesondere sind dabei Mischungen aus Paraffinen und Bistearylethylendiamid bevorzugt.In particular, when used in mechanical processes, it may be advantageous to add conventional foam inhibitors to the compositions. As foam inhibitors are, for example, soaps of natural or synthetic origin, which have a high proportion of C 18 -C 24 fatty acids. Suitable non-surfactant foam inhibitors are, for example, organopolysiloxanes and mixtures thereof with microfine, optionally silanized silica and paraffins, waxes, microcrystalline waxes and mixtures thereof with silicic acid or bis-fatty acid alkylenediamides. It is also advantageous to use mixtures of various foam inhibitors, for example those of silicones, paraffins or waxes. Preferably, the foam inhibitors, in particular silicone and / or paraffin-containing foam inhibitors, are bound to a granular, water-soluble or dispersible carrier substance. In particular, mixtures of paraffins and bistearylethylenediamide are preferred.

Die Herstellung im Rahmen der erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung geeigneter fester Mittel bietet keine Schwierigkeiten und kann auf bekannte Weise, zum Beispiel durch Sprühtrocknen oder Granulation, erfolgen, wobei die Enzyme und eventuelle weitere thermisch empfindliche Inhaltsstoffe wie zum Beispiel Bleichmittel gegebenenfalls später separat zugesetzt werden. Zur Herstellung von Mitteln mit erhöhtem Schüttgewicht, insbesondere im Bereich von 650 g/l bis 950 g/l, ist ein aus der europäischen Patentschrift EP 0 486 592 bekanntes, einen Extrusionschritt aufweisendes Verfahren bevorzugt. Eine weitere bevorzugte Herstellung mit Hilfe eines Granulationsverfahrens ist in der europäischen Patentschrift EP 0 642 576 beschrieben.The production in the context of the use according to the invention suitable solid means no difficulties and can in a known manner, for example by spray-drying or granulation, where the enzymes and any other thermally sensitive ingredients such as Example bleach may be added separately later, if appropriate. For the production of agents of increased bulk density, in particular in the range of 650 g / l to 950 g / l, is one known from the European patent EP 0 486 592, preferred method comprising an extrusion step. Another preferred Production by means of a granulation process is described in the European patent specification EP 0 642 576.

Zur Herstellung von Mitteln in Tablettenform, die einphasig oder mehrphasig, einfarbig oder mehrfarbig und insbesondere aus einer Schicht oder aus mehreren, insbesondere aus zwei Schichten bestehen können, geht man im Rahmen der erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung vorzugsweise derart vor, daß man alle Bestandteile - gegebenenfalls je einer Schicht - in einem Mischer miteinander vermischt und das Gemisch mittels herkömmlicher Tablettenpressen, beispielsweise Exzenterpressen oder Rundläuferpressen, verpreßt. Insbesondere bei mehrschichtigen Tabletten kann es von Vorteil sein, wenn mindestens eine Schicht vorverpreßt wird. Vorzugsweise weist eine derart hergestellte Tablette ein Gewicht von 10 g bis 50 g, insbesondere von 15 g bis 40 g auf. Die Raumform der Tabletten ist beliebig und kann rund, oval oder eckig sein, wobei auch Zwischenformen möglich sind. Ecken und Kanten sind vorteilhafterweise abgerundet. Runde Tabletten weisen vorzugsweise einen Durchmesser von 30 mm bis 40 mm auf. Insbesondere die Größe von eckig oder quaderförmig gestalteten Tabletten, welche überwiegend über die Dosiervorrichtung beispielsweise der Geschirrspülmaschine eingebracht werden, ist abhängig von der Geometrie und dem Volumen dieser Dosiervorrichtung. Beispielhaft bevorzugte Ausführungsformen weisen eine Grundfläche von (20 bis 30 mm) x (34 bis 40 mm), insbesondere von 26x36 mm oder von 24x38 mm auf.For the preparation of compositions in tablet form, single phase or multiphase, monochrome or multicolor and in particular of a layer or of can consist of several, in particular of two layers, one goes in the context of the use according to the invention preferably in such a way that all components - if necessary, each one layer - in a mixer mixed together and the mixture by means of conventional tablet presses, For example, eccentric presses or rotary presses, pressed. Especially at Multi-layered tablets may be advantageous if at least one layer is pre-compressed. Preferably, a tablet produced in this way has a weight of 10 g to 50 g, in particular from 15 g to 40 g. The room shape of the tablets is arbitrary and can be round, oval or angular, whereby intermediate forms are possible. Corners and edges are advantageously rounded. Point round tablets preferably a diameter of 30 mm to 40 mm. In particular, the size of square or cuboid shaped tablets, which predominantly over the Dosing be introduced, for example, the dishwasher, is depending on the geometry and the volume of this metering device. exemplary preferred embodiments have a footprint of (20 to 30 mm) x (34 to 40 mm), in particular 26x36 mm or 24x38 mm.

Flüssige beziehungsweise pastöse Wasch- oder Reinigungsmittel in Form von übliche Lösungsmittel enthaltenden Lösungen werden im Rahmen der erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung in der Regel durch einfaches Mischen der Inhaltsstoffe, die in Substanz oder als Lösung in einen automatischen Mischer gegeben werden können, hergestellt. Liquid or pasty detergents or cleaners in Form of common solvent-containing solutions in the context of the use according to the invention usually by simple Mix the ingredients in bulk or as a solution in an automatic Mixer can be given, manufactured.

BeispieleExamples

Zur Bestimmung des Waschvermögens wurden mit standardisierten Testanschmutzungen (A: Blut/Milch/Ruß; B: Tee) verunreinigte Baumwollgewebe bei 30°C (Waschmitteldosierung 76 g; Wasserhärte 17 °d; Beladung 3,5 kg; Normalprogramm) in einer Haushaltswaschmaschine (Miele® W 701) gewaschen. In der nachfolgenden Tabelle 1 sind die Waschergebnisse (Remissionswerte bei 460 nm; Dreifachbestimmung) für ein Waschmittel V1, das neben 17 Gew.-% Natriumpercarbonat 1,7 Gew.-% Enzymgranulat (Amylase/Protease/Lipase/Cellulase) und 7 Gew.-% TAED (Rest auf 100 % Tenside, Builder, Schauminhibitor, Füllsalze) und für Waschmittel M1 beziehungsweise M2, die statt des konventionellen Bleichaktivators TAED 1 Gew.-% beziehungsweise 4 Gew.-% Trimethylammoniumacetonitril-chlorid (= Cyanomethyl-trimethylammoniumchlorid) enthielten und ansonsten wie V1 zusammengesetzt waren, angegeben. Waschergebnisse (% Remission) A B V1 61,4 49.6 M1 69,0 n.b. M2 n.b. 54.2 n.b.: nicht bestimmt To determine the washing capacity, cotton cloth contaminated with standardized test soils (A: blood / milk / soot, B: tea) was washed at 30 ° C. (detergent dosage 76 g, water hardness 17 ° d, load 3.5 kg, normal program) in a household washing machine (Miele ® W 701). In the following Table 1, the washing results (remission values at 460 nm, triple determination) for a detergent V1 , which in addition to 17 wt .-% sodium percarbonate 1.7 wt .-% enzyme granules (amylase / protease / lipase / cellulase) and 7 wt. % TAED (remainder to 100% surfactants, builder, foam inhibitor, filling salts) and for detergent M1 or M2, respectively , containing 1% by weight and 4% by weight of trimethylammonium acetonitrile chloride (= cyanomethyltrimethylammonium chloride) instead of the conventional bleach activator TAED and otherwise like V1 were stated. Washing results (% remission) A B V1 61.4 49.6 M1 69.0 nb M2 nb 54.2 nb: not determined

Man erkennt, daß Mittel bei gleichem Enzymgehalt eine deutlich verbesserte Reinigungsleistung gegenüber enzymatisch entfernbaren Anschmutzungen (A) wie auch gegenüber bleichbaren Anschmutzungen (B) aufweisen als ein Mittel mit einem höheren Gehalt eines konventionellen Bleichaktivators.It can be seen that means at the same enzyme content a clear improved cleaning performance against enzymatically removable stains (A) as well as to bleachable stains (B) have as a Means with a higher content of a conventional bleach activator.

Claims (10)

  1. Use of a combination of an acetonitrile derivative of the general formula I,
    Figure 00290001
    in which X is an anion, and of a protease for increasing the detergency of detergents on proteinaceous soilings during their use in, in particular aqueous, washing and cleaning solutions which comprise peroxygen compound.
  2. Use according to Claim 1, characterized in that the composition comprises 5% by weight to 30% by weight, in particular 8% by weight to 25% by weight, of oxygen-based bleaches.
  3. Use according to Claim 2, characterized in that the composition comprises a peroxygen compound from the group comprising hydrogen peroxide, alkali metal perborate, alkali metal percarbonate and organic peracids, and mixtures thereof.
  4. Use according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, in the compound according to formula I, the charge-balancing anion X- is chosen from the halides, such as chloride, fluoride, iodide and bromide, nitrate, hydroxide, hexafluorophosphate, sulphate, hydrogensulphate, methosulphate and ethosulphate, chlorate, perchlorate and the anions of carboxylic acids, such as formate, acetate, benzoate or citrate.
  5. Use according to Claim 4, characterized in that, in the compound according to formula I, the charge-balancing anion X- is chloride, sulphate, hydrogensulphate or methosulphate.
  6. Use according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the composition comprises 1% by weight to 10% by weight, in particular 2% by weight to 7% by weight, of a compound of the general formula I.
  7. Use according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the composition comprises, in amounts of from 0.001 mg to 0.5 mg, in particular 0.02 mg to 0.3 mg, of enzymatically active protein per gram, protease, and optionally additionally amylase, lipase and/or cellulase.
  8. Use according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the composition has a proteolytic activity in the range from 100 PU/g to 7 500 PU/g, in particular 125 PU/g to 5 000 PU/g.
  9. Use according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, in addition to the compounds according to formula I, 0.5% by weight to 10% by weight, in particular 1% by weight to 8% by weight, of compounds which eliminate peroxocarboxylic acids under perhydrolysis conditions are present in the composition.
  10. Use according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, in addition to the compound according to formula I, bleach-catalyzing transition metal salts or complexes are present in the composition, in particular in amounts of from 0.001% by weight to 0.5% by weight.
EP00920537A 1999-03-31 2000-03-22 Detergents containing an enzyme and bleach activator agents Expired - Lifetime EP1165737B1 (en)

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DE19914811 1999-03-31
DE19914811A DE19914811A1 (en) 1999-03-31 1999-03-31 Detergent compositions containing a bleaching agent include a combination of a cyanomethyl ammonium salt bleach activator and an enzyme
PCT/EP2000/002534 WO2000060036A2 (en) 1999-03-31 2000-03-22 Detergents containing an enzyme and bleach activator agents

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Cited By (9)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014200656A1 (en) 2013-06-13 2014-12-18 Danisco Us Inc. Alpha-amylase from streptomyces umbrinus
WO2014200658A1 (en) 2013-06-13 2014-12-18 Danisco Us Inc. Alpha-amylase from promicromonospora vindobonensis
WO2014200657A1 (en) 2013-06-13 2014-12-18 Danisco Us Inc. Alpha-amylase from streptomyces xiamenensis
WO2014204596A1 (en) 2013-06-17 2014-12-24 Danisco Us Inc. Alpha-amylase from bacillaceae family member
WO2015050724A1 (en) 2013-10-03 2015-04-09 Danisco Us Inc. Alpha-amylases from a subset of exiguobacterium, and methods of use, thereof
WO2015050723A1 (en) 2013-10-03 2015-04-09 Danisco Us Inc. Alpha-amylases from exiguobacterium, and methods of use, thereof
WO2015077126A1 (en) 2013-11-20 2015-05-28 Danisco Us Inc. Variant alpha-amylases having reduced susceptibility to protease cleavage, and methods of use, thereof
WO2017173324A2 (en) 2016-04-01 2017-10-05 Danisco Us Inc. Alpha-amylases, compositions & methods
WO2017173190A2 (en) 2016-04-01 2017-10-05 Danisco Us Inc. Alpha-amylases, compositions & methods

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