EP1140377A1 - Beschichtung aus kunststoffüberzug, verfahren sowie vorrichtung zu dessen herstellung - Google Patents
Beschichtung aus kunststoffüberzug, verfahren sowie vorrichtung zu dessen herstellungInfo
- Publication number
- EP1140377A1 EP1140377A1 EP99961023A EP99961023A EP1140377A1 EP 1140377 A1 EP1140377 A1 EP 1140377A1 EP 99961023 A EP99961023 A EP 99961023A EP 99961023 A EP99961023 A EP 99961023A EP 1140377 A1 EP1140377 A1 EP 1140377A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- coating
- polymer material
- layer
- property
- areas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
Definitions
- the invention relates to a coating consisting of a plastic coating formed on the basis of at least one polymer material and an additive embedded in the matrix of the polymer material.
- the invention further relates to a method for producing a coating, in which the polymer material is applied to the surface to be coated and is polymerized by subsequent exposure to energy.
- the invention further relates to a device with an arrangement applying the surface to be coated with the polymer material.
- a composite material consisting of a base material and a generic coating applied to the surface of the base material is well known from the prior art. This achieves a separation of functions, with the coating taking on contact functions and the base material carrying functions.
- the properties of such a composite can be varied for the respective application by the choice of materials, the shape, rigidity and strength of the composite being determined by the base material and the surface properties by the coating. It is common practice to coat the plastic on the basis of a polymer material, such as. B. a thermoset or thermoplastic material, wherein additional components can be incorporated into the matrix of the polymer material, thereby making a change in the surface properties possible.
- a piston-cylinder unit is known from EP 0 667 931 B1, in which the cylinder inner surface of the piston is provided with a plastic layer which contains at least one component for improving the dry lubrication properties.
- a three-dimensional crosslinking thermoset dust or powder is applied as plastic to the inner surface of the cylinder to be coated and at least the thermoset is then crosslinked by heating. Additional components in the form of additives are added to the thermoset dust or powder before application to the inner surface of the cylinder to be coated, at least one component improving the dry lubrication properties of the inner surface of the cylinder.
- a disadvantage of the previously known composite materials is that the possibilities of specifically influencing the surface properties of the composite material determined by the plastic coating are not sufficient to also cope with complex stresses of the composite material.
- reed elements barcode sensors and other electronic components has disadvantages. They are to be arranged in an additional work step on the respective workpiece or under the workpiece surface for a position determination or identification.
- reed elements disadvantageously only allow one-dimensional position determination.
- the present invention is therefore based on the objective of further developing a coating for a base material from a plastic coating in such a way that the surface properties determined by the plastic coating can be specified and set in a targeted manner based on the application, so that the material composite can also be used in a targeted manner even in the case of complex loads.
- the identification of workpieces and the positioning on workpieces should be made possible without the use of additional components and, at the same time, simple handling.
- the plastic coating be formed from several layer-like areas, at least one of which contains the property-changing component.
- the composite material according to the invention according to a first approach, it is therefore proposed to build up the plastic coating applied to the surface of the base material from several layer-like areas and to create layers of different composition, the properties of which can be set independently of one another. It is also advantageously proposed that the individual layer-like areas differ with regard to the embedded, property-changing components and / or with regard to the polymer materials used, as a result of which the properties required in the individual areas can also be specifically selected with regard to very complex stresses and can be defined specifically for the application.
- Property-changing component in the sense of the present invention denotes co-crosslinking or non-crosslinking additives to be incorporated into the polymer matrix, which improve, change, optimize, or the like, for example the lubricating properties, the water-repellent property or the like.
- the concentration of the properties-changing components embedded in a layer-like region varies in the direction of the layer thickness.
- the design of the layer properties as a function of the layer thickness is particularly advantageous if a smooth transition is to be created between two different layers or between the base material and the first layer.
- the individual layer-like regions follow the surface contour of the base material one above the other and / or next to one another.
- the formation of stress-dependent layer properties is achieved through the formation of layer-like regions arranged one above the other and next to one another not only limited to the function-related location of the stress, but also adjustable depending on the depth effect of the stress.
- the composite material according to the invention advantageously provides the possibility of providing a basic material with a coherent plastic coating and thereby creating a plastic coating which has both a different composition and a different structure in different areas and thus with regard to those required in the individual areas
- Properties is selectively adjustable.
- Surface properties to be generated can be, for example: sealing ability, scratch and impact resistance, compatibility with lubricants, paints and hydraulic media, fluid properties, cleanability, hardness or recyclability.
- Different polymer matrices can be present in the different areas of the plastic coating, in which different property-changing components are embedded.
- the individual areas can also be structured in a single layer, the concentration of the embedded, property-changing components varying in the layer thickness direction.
- the layer-like structure of the plastic coating and the possibilities of specifically influencing the properties of the individual areas thus advantageously allow application-specific property profiles to be created, so that a composite material is available which can be used in many areas.
- Possible areas of application can be, for example, the food and pharmaceutical industry, environmental protection, connection and drive technology, shipping, fluid energy systems or the chemical and automotive industries.
- the invention proposes that the additive contains magnetizable particles, even if only a single-layer polymer matrix forms the coating.
- the coating according to the invention it is therefore proposed to embed magnetizable particles in the matrix of the polymer material forming the plastic coating and thus to form information-carrying areas within the coating.
- the magnetizable particles embedded in the matrix of the polymer material can follow the training a plastic coating can be selectively magnetized with the aid of an appropriate electromagnetic writing and / or reading device.
- the plastic coating therefore not only takes on the contact function known from the prior art, such as protection against chemical or corrosive attacks, but also serves as an information carrier, any information being obtained by the simple magnetization of the magnetizable elements embedded in the matrix of the polymer material Particles can be picked up by a corresponding electromagnetic writing unit. This information can then be read out and further processed at a second location that is independent of the magnetization location by a corresponding electromagnetic reading unit.
- the coating according to the invention thus advantageously represents an information carrier which is permanently connected to the base material.
- Information which can be stored within the coating formed from a plastic coating and read out if required are, for example, identification codes for identifying workpieces and information for determining the position on a Workpiece.
- the additional components previously required for identification or position determination can thus advantageously be avoided.
- the coating according to the invention creates the possibility of simultaneously using a plastic coating to be applied to the surface of the base material as an information carrier. In this case, the formation of information-carrying areas within the coating advantageously does not require any additional production or work step, since the magnetizable particles introduced into the plastic coating are incorporated as such during the production process of the coating.
- the magnetizable partial areas of the coating can also be used to permanently store information for quality assurance purposes.
- information can be introduced into the coating that provides information about the place of manufacture, the time of manufacture or geometric dimensions. Still within the In the manufacturing process, this data can then be read out to check the quality and compared with corresponding reference values.
- the information-carrying property of the coating is advantageously not visible from the outside and does not represent any visual impairment, so that the information introduced into the coating can remain on the workpiece even after completion, which also opens up the possibility of subsequent assignment. This is particularly advantageous with regard to warranty obligations.
- the coating according to the invention first of all provides a surface coating which takes over both contact functions for protection against external influences and information-carrying functions.
- the additive contains chromium dioxide as magnetizable particles.
- chromium dioxide has proven to be advantageous in that the chromium dioxide on the one hand has favorable magnetizing properties and on the other hand is stable in the magnetized state.
- other magnetizable materials such as. B. iron oxide can be used.
- the additive contains, in addition to magnetizable particles, additional property-changing components. It is thus advantageously possible to form a plastic coating which is specifically designed with regard to the expected stress.
- the plastic coating consists of several layer-like areas which differ in terms of the incorporated additive and / or the polymer material used.
- the concentration of the additive incorporated in the matrix of the polymer material varies.
- concentration variation can be present, for example, in the direction of the layer thickness, the interpretation of the layer properties depending on the layer thickness being particularly advantageous if a smooth transition is to be created between two different regions or between the base material and the first coating region.
- the individual layer-like regions are arranged one above the other and / or next to one another.
- the generation of stress-dependent layer properties is not limited exclusively to the function-related location of the stress, but can also be set as a function of the depth effect of the stress.
- the coating according to the invention advantageously creates the possibility of providing a base material with a coherent plastic coating based on at least one polymer material and thereby forming a coating which has both a different composition and a different structure in different areas and thus both with regard to the the properties required in the individual areas can be set in a targeted manner, and can also be selectively magnetized by the use of magnetizable particles and can thus be used as an information carrier.
- Surface properties to be generated can include, for example: sealing ability, scratch and impact resistance, compatibility with lubricants, paints and hydraulic media, fluid properties, cleanability, hardness or recyclability.
- Polymer matrices are present in which, in addition to magnetizable particles, different property-changing components are embedded.
- individual areas can also be structured in a single layer, with a concentration variation of the incorporated additive being able to exist both in the direction of the layer thickness and transversely thereto.
- the layered structure of the plastic coating and the possibilities of specifically influencing the properties of the individual areas, in combination with the possibility of storing information, allows application-specific property profiles to be created, so that a coating in the form of a plastic coating is available which can be used in many areas and which at the same time enables identification of the workpiece provided with the coating both during the entire manufacturing process and following it.
- Possible areas of application can be, for example, the food and pharmaceutical industry, environmental protection, connection and propulsion technology, the type of ship, fluid energy systems, the chemical and automotive industry or security technology and goods security.
- the invention proposes coatings that contain property-changing components and / or magnetizable components.
- property components which are arranged in lower layers can be brought into effect by removing upper layers.
- This removal can take place, for example, by grinding, turning or other suitable measures, or a lower layer can be covered in regions when applying upper layers.
- This aspect of the invention enables a coating to be formed which, viewed over the surface, has specifically different properties or property optimizations.
- the coated surface has a structuring.
- a spiral structure can be applied to e.g. B. in cooperation with one Seal a hydraulic system to achieve optimal effects.
- the lubrication of the sealing ring can be easily optimized through the spiral surface embossing or through comparable structuring.
- Other profiles for liquid transport, the targeted forwarding of liquid or other flowable media, the formation of sinks to form material deposits and the like are possible within the scope of the invention. It is spoken of the so-called Moletieren.
- the technical solution proposed is that the polymer material be applied in a layer-like manner as a function of the added, property-changing components.
- the composite material according to the invention it is not necessary to treat the surfaces of the base material to be coated in order to apply the polymer material.
- all mechanical and / or chemical conversion processes can be used to generate certain properties.
- All known metallic construction materials e.g. iron, cobalt, copper, magnesium, titanium-based alloys
- ceramics and natural materials come into consideration as base materials that can be coated.
- Cast, forged, sintered or drawn as well as rolled semi-finished or finished products can also be coated.
- the polymer material is mixed with the property-changing components in one operation and applied to the surface to be coated.
- the polymer material is also possible to have the property-changing components before it is applied to the surface to be coated be added.
- the matrix and intercalation materials to be applied are mixed with one another prior to application to the surface to be coated and then applied in layers to the base material in successive steps.
- both the polymer material and the components to be embedded in the polymer material are applied in dust or powder form to the surface of the base material to be coated.
- a combination of different polymer materials is used as the matrix material. All polymer materials (thermoplastics, thermosets, elastomers) can be used as matrix materials for the components to be embedded. By combining different polymer materials to form a matrix material, the properties of a layer-like area of the plastic coating can be additionally influenced in an advantageous manner.
- both co-crosslinking and non-crosslinking components can be added as property-changing components.
- Possible property-changing components are, for example, metallic and non-metallic hard materials (e.g. carbides, nitrides, oxides and non-oxides), solid lubricants (e.g. graphite, coal, MoS 2 ), pure metals (e.g. iron, nickel, Tin, copper) and alloys as well as corrosion inhibitors. All embedding materials can be used in different grain sizes.
- the plastic coating is formed by heating and the resulting crosslinking of the polymer material applied to the surface of the base material to be coated by adding at least one property-changing component.
- the crosslinking of the polymer material can be achieved by sufficient heating of the material to be coated Base material can be carried out either before an order or after an order of the polymer material.
- the heating temperature is below approx. 200 ° C.
- the crosslinking of the polymer material can additionally be supported by the use of an electrostatic field or wavelength-specific radiation components.
- layer-like regions with different layer thicknesses are formed with the method according to the invention.
- functional areas with different properties can advantageously be produced in layers and, based on the layer thickness, gradient materials of the required thickness can be produced.
- an additive containing magnetizable particles is added to the polymer material to create an at least partially magnetizable plastic coating.
- the magnetizable particles embedded in the individual areas of the plastic coating in the matrix of the polymer material can be magnetized and thus information about the workpiece itself as well as further information, for example for quality assurance purposes, contain.
- a powder coating in the rotation or flocking process by powder spraying processes such as flame spraying, plastic flame spraying or metal spraying processes, in the fluidized bed bath and can be applied by electrostatic coating.
- Thermosets, powder coatings made of epoxy, polyester and acrylic resins are particularly suitable for electrostatic powder coating.
- thermoplastic made of PA, PVC or polyesters and polyepoxides is used for fluidized bed sintering.
- order in liquid form is also possible.
- the properties of a layer-like region of the plastic coating can be additionally influenced in an advantageous manner by combining different polymer materials to form a matrix material.
- magnetizable particles as metallic hard materials, do not represent components which also crosslink and are therefore best suited for storage in thermosets. Depending on the magnetizability to be set, different grain sizes can be used.
- the method according to the invention advantageously creates the possibility of producing the coating, the polymer coating being built up with locally different property profiles and having regions which contain magnetizable particles embedded in the matrix of the polymer material for storing information.
- the invention also proposes a completely new order procedure.
- the desired layer thickness can be specified for one or each individual layer and, with knowledge of the exact spray quantity, the application quantity can be precisely controlled via a path-time control in such a way that the application quantity held on the workpiece results in the exact layer thickness.
- a method is proposed in which the thickness measurement is carried out without contact, for example using ultrasound. Since the workpieces are not preheated, there is no crosslinking after the application. For example, in the powder coating process, the amount of powder can be held on the workpiece by electrostatic charging.
- a thickness measurement can be carried out in a contactless manner and even a surface inspection can be carried out optically and / or electronically, for example by means of image digitization.
- the workpiece can be blown off and re-coated in the event of errors. This process allows optimal control and is extremely economical.
- the invention proposes to remove upper layers or to prevent the application of upper layers by covering lower layers, so as to bring the different property components of different layers into effect in different areas. This removal can also take place, for example, before crosslinking or after crosslinking by grinding.
- the invention proposes structuring the surface, i. H. to emboss or otherwise provide a structure whereby channels, depressions, passages and the like can be formed.
- the structuring can be carried out before the crosslinking or also before the final solidification during curing, so that overall an economical and advantageous process control results.
- the device according to the invention is used to mix the different matrix and intercalation materials necessary for layer formation.
- the property-changing components are added to the polymer material at the same time as it is applied to the surface to be coated, so that the mixing of matrix and intercalation materials and the layer-like application to produce different layer areas with different compositions take place in one operation.
- a Mixing of matrix and intercalation material by the feed device before application to the surface to be coated is also possible.
- a control device which detects the supply of the property-changing components according to type and quantity with a measuring device and emits a signal corresponding to the type / or quantity and which compares this signal with a predefinable reference variable and, if the supply is the same, the supply completed.
- the production of a composite material consisting of a base material and a plastic coating is proposed, the layer-like structure of the plastic coating advantageously making it possible to design application-related functional areas and to use different local and layer thicknesses To produce plastic coating variable property profiles.
- the surface properties determined by the plastic coating can thus be specifically adjusted for the respective application.
- a feed device which admixes the polymer material with an additive containing magnetizable particles.
- a magnetizing device which selectively magnetizes magnetizable particles embedded in the matrix of the polymer material.
- the magnetizing device preferably consisting of a writing and / or reading unit, advantageously creates the possibility of directly magnetizing the magnetizable subareas of the layer forming the coating after a coating has taken place Perform plastic coating.
- Such a magnetization can be automated as well as the application of the coating in an advantageous manner.
- the production of a coating consisting of a plastic coating formed on the basis of at least one polymer material is proposed, the incorporation of an additive containing magnetizable particles making it possible for the first time to simultaneously coat the coating thus formed as an information carrier use.
- Information which can be stored by means of appropriate writing units by selectively magnetizing the coating is, for example, information for identification, for position determination, for quality assurance or for goods assurance.
- the particular advantage of the coating according to the invention is that it takes on both contact and information functions and can be produced in one operation. Additional information components are no longer required.
- the coating according to the invention offers the possibility of developing application-related functional areas and of generating locally different property profiles which are variable with regard to the layer thickness of the plastic coating.
- the surface properties determined by the plastic coating can thus be specifically adjusted for the respective application.
- the device according to a further proposal of the invention comprises a unit for non-contact thickness measurement, for example an ultrasound measuring unit.
- the device according to the invention can advantageously have a unit for structuring the surface.
- Figure 1 is a schematic sectional view of a composite material consisting of a base material and a plastic coating.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a detail of a functional area of the plastic coating according to FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic sectional illustration of a magnetizable coating according to the invention.
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of a detail of a functional area according to FIG. 3.
- the plastic cover 2 is itself made up of several layer-like areas which are arranged next to one another according to the contour of the base material and the functional areas Form A, B, C and D.
- the plastic coating 2 also contains property-changing components embedded in the matrices of the polymer materials.
- the individual layer-like functional areas A to D of the plastic coating 2 differ with regard to the components which change the properties and / or the polymer materials used and which are embedded in the individual functional areas.
- the plastic coating in the functional area A of a polymer material with the matrix structure M In this polymeric material, the property modifying components E 1 F E are incorporated 2 to E x in a concentration of C ,, C 2 to C x.
- the plastic coating 2 is constructed in the functional area B as well as in the functional area A based on a polymer material with the matrix structure M ⁇ however, in contrast to the functional area A, only a property-changing component E y in the concentration C y .
- the plastic coating 2 is formed by a polymer material with the matrix structure M 2 . Within this functional area, no property-changing components are embedded in the matrix M 2 of the polymer material. Finally, the functional area D of the plastic coating 2, like the functional area C, is constructed on the basis of the polymer material with the matrix structure M 2 . In contrast to the functional area C, however, the property-changing components E x in the concentration C x and E z in the concentration C z are embedded in the matrix M 2 within the functional area D.
- the surface state of the base material 1 that has been machined is rotated in the functional areas B to D due to the machining and is additionally ground in the functional area A. Basically, however, a special surface treatment of the base material 1 is not required before applying a plastic coating 2.
- FIG. 2 shows the structure of the functional area A according to FIG. 1 in a schematic detailed representation.
- the functional area A is made up of different layer-like areas I to X, which are arranged one above the other following the surface contour of the base material.
- these individual layer-like areas I to X differ with respect to the properties-changing components and / or the polymer materials used in these areas.
- the plastic coating 2 is constructed in the individual areas I to X on the basis of the same polymer material with the matrix structure M ⁇ .
- the layer-like regions I to X differ with respect to the property-changing components embedded in the matrix M of the polymer material.
- the first partial layer I contains the component E in the concentration C.sub.1, the partial layer II the component E 2 in the
- the exemplary embodiment of the plastic cover 2 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 advantageously shows the combination of different polymer and intercalation materials which are applied to one and the same base material to form a coherent plastic cover 2 which has a different composition and a different function in different areas has different structure.
- FIG 3 shows a schematic sectional illustration of a magnetizable coating B according to the invention which has been applied to a base material G.
- the coating B consists of a plastic coating formed on the basis of at least one polymer material.
- the coating B is made up of a plurality of layer-like regions which are arranged next to one another following the contour of the base material and form the functional regions A, B and C. These functional areas of the coating B differ both in terms of the individual stored additives and in terms of the polymer materials used.
- the concentration of the stored additives can also vary.
- polymer materials are designated with M according to their matrix structure, additives with Z and the concentration with C.
- the coating B in the functional area A consists of a polymer material with the matrix structure M 1 ( in which the additives Z. and Z 2 are incorporated in a concentration of C and C 2, respectively.
- the additive Z is magnetizable particles.
- the coating B via corresponding magnetizers therefore magnetizable, so that the coating, this area is also used as an information carrier.
- the coating B is, like in the function area a based on a polymeric material with the matrix structure M 1 constructed in the functional area B
- the functional area A it only contains the additive Z 2 in the concentration C 2 and has no magnetizable particles, so this area of the coating B is therefore not magnetizable Matrix structure M 2 ge forms.
- no additional substances are embedded in the matrix M 2 of the polymer material.
- the surface condition of the base material G that has been machined is rotated in the functional areas A and B and also ground in the functional area A. In principle, however, a special surface treatment of the base material G is not required before the coating B is applied.
- FIG. 4 shows the structure of the functional area A according to FIG. 3 in a schematic detailed illustration. It can be seen here that the functional area A is constructed from different layer-like partial areas A to A 4 , which are arranged one above the other following the surface contour of the base material. Like the individual functional areas A to C according to FIG. 1, the individual layer-like partial areas A 1 to A 4 differ with respect to the additives and / or the polymer materials used in these areas.
- the coating B in the functional area A in the individual partial areas A 1 to A 4 is constructed on the basis of the same polymer material with the matrix structure M. With regard to the additives embedded in the matrix M 1 of the polymer material, however, the individual subareas A 1 to A 4 differ.
- the first sub-layer contains the additive Z 2 in the concentration C 2 , the sub-layer A 2 the additive Z 2 in the same concentration as in the sub-layer A, and plus the additive Z in the concentration C.
- the additive Z is magnetizable particles
- the additive Z 2 is an additive which, for example, improves the corrosion properties of the coating B.
- Subarea A 3 finally contains, as additive Z 1 in concentration C, only magnetizable particles.
- the sub-layer A 4 which is superordinate to the base material G, no longer contains any additives, in contrast to the sub-layers A T to A 4, and is formed exclusively by the polymer material with the matrix structure M 1 .
- the in Figs. 3 and 4 exemplarily shown embodiment of the magnetizable coating B shows in an advantageous manner the combination of different polymer and additives, which are applied in one work step on one and the same base material G to form a coherent coating B which has a different composition and a different functional areas has different structure, the im Functional area A embedded magnetizable particles allow the use of the coating as an information carrier.
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Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE1998154746 DE19854746A1 (de) | 1998-11-27 | 1998-11-27 | Werkstoffverbund mit Kunststoffüberzug auf Basis einer Polymerbeschichtung, Verfahren sowie Vorrichtung zu dessen Herstellung |
DE19854746 | 1998-11-27 | ||
DE19954622 | 1999-11-12 | ||
DE1999154622 DE19954622A1 (de) | 1999-11-12 | 1999-11-12 | Beschichtung aus Kunststoffüberzug, Verfahren sowie Vorrichtung zu dessen Herstellung |
PCT/EP1999/009259 WO2000032323A2 (de) | 1998-11-27 | 1999-11-29 | Beschichtung aus kunststoffüberzug, verfahren sowie vorrichtung zu dessen herstellung |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1140377A1 true EP1140377A1 (de) | 2001-10-10 |
Family
ID=26050416
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP99961023A Withdrawn EP1140377A1 (de) | 1998-11-27 | 1999-11-29 | Beschichtung aus kunststoffüberzug, verfahren sowie vorrichtung zu dessen herstellung |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP1140377A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2002531589A (de) |
CN (1) | CN1328493A (de) |
AU (1) | AU1778000A (de) |
RU (1) | RU2244599C2 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2000032323A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
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EP2327283A2 (de) * | 2008-08-18 | 2011-06-01 | Semblant Global Limited | Halo-kohlenwasserstoffpolymerbeschichtung |
GB2485419B (en) * | 2010-11-15 | 2015-02-25 | Semblant Ltd | Method for reducing creep corrosion |
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JPH07120248A (ja) * | 1993-10-26 | 1995-05-12 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | 超音波膜厚測定方法および超音波膜厚測定装置 |
JPH09180167A (ja) * | 1995-12-26 | 1997-07-11 | Tokyo Jiki Insatsu Kk | 磁気記録媒体とその製造方法 |
JPH09276793A (ja) * | 1996-04-16 | 1997-10-28 | Kubota Corp | 粉体塗料およびその塗装方法 |
JP2000286437A (ja) * | 1998-06-12 | 2000-10-13 | Canon Inc | 太陽電池モジュールおよび製造方法 |
-
1999
- 1999-11-29 WO PCT/EP1999/009259 patent/WO2000032323A2/de active Application Filing
- 1999-11-29 JP JP2000585003A patent/JP2002531589A/ja active Pending
- 1999-11-29 EP EP99961023A patent/EP1140377A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-11-29 AU AU17780/00A patent/AU1778000A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-11-29 CN CN 99813699 patent/CN1328493A/zh active Pending
- 1999-11-29 RU RU2001117498/12A patent/RU2244599C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
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FR2090972A5 (en) * | 1970-04-29 | 1972-01-14 | Ici Ltd | Decorative plastics coated sheet prodn |
EP0056704A2 (de) * | 1981-01-21 | 1982-07-28 | Alcan International Limited | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Aufbringen eines Überzuges |
US4356217A (en) * | 1981-01-21 | 1982-10-26 | Alcan Aluminum Corporation | Process for producing striated surface coatings |
US4740384A (en) * | 1983-10-12 | 1988-04-26 | Basf Lacke & Farben Ag | Process and apparatus for applying two or more colors of paint |
US4837056A (en) * | 1988-01-04 | 1989-06-06 | Easley Samuel D | Method for camouflaging bows and rifles |
EP0345993A1 (de) * | 1988-06-08 | 1989-12-13 | Johnson Matthey Public Limited Company | Druckverfahren |
FR2676014A1 (fr) * | 1991-04-30 | 1992-11-06 | Profilor | Procede de fabrication et de coloration de bandes metalliques enroulees a plat et les bandes obtenues selon le procede. |
US5707689A (en) * | 1995-11-29 | 1998-01-13 | Nichiha Corporation | Method of painting building boards |
GB2317124A (en) * | 1996-09-17 | 1998-03-18 | Croda Int Plc | Coating a substrate with powder |
WO1998022226A1 (en) * | 1996-11-22 | 1998-05-28 | Stevenson Michael J | Decoration and printing on polyolefin surfaces |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2000032323A2 (de) | 2000-06-08 |
RU2244599C2 (ru) | 2005-01-20 |
AU1778000A (en) | 2000-06-19 |
CN1328493A (zh) | 2001-12-26 |
JP2002531589A (ja) | 2002-09-24 |
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