EP1137395A1 - Utilization of nanoscalar organic filters which provide protection against uv light - Google Patents

Utilization of nanoscalar organic filters which provide protection against uv light

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Publication number
EP1137395A1
EP1137395A1 EP99966913A EP99966913A EP1137395A1 EP 1137395 A1 EP1137395 A1 EP 1137395A1 EP 99966913 A EP99966913 A EP 99966913A EP 99966913 A EP99966913 A EP 99966913A EP 1137395 A1 EP1137395 A1 EP 1137395A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
derivatives
acid
light protection
use according
organic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP99966913A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Christian Kropf
Bernd Fabry
Thomas Förster
Hans Dolhaine
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Cognis IP Management GmbH
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Cognis Deutschland GmbH and Co KG
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Application filed by Cognis Deutschland GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Cognis Deutschland GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1137395A1 publication Critical patent/EP1137395A1/en
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82YSPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y5/00Nanobiotechnology or nanomedicine, e.g. protein engineering or drug delivery
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/33Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
    • A61K8/35Ketones, e.g. benzophenone
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/33Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
    • A61K8/37Esters of carboxylic acids
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/40Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/49Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K8/494Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds with more than one nitrogen as the only hetero atom
    • A61K8/4946Imidazoles or their condensed derivatives, e.g. benzimidazoles
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/49Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K8/494Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds with more than one nitrogen as the only hetero atom
    • A61K8/4966Triazines or their condensed derivatives
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61QSPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q17/00Barrier preparations; Preparations brought into direct contact with the skin for affording protection against external influences, e.g. sunlight, X-rays or other harmful rays, corrosive materials, bacteria or insect stings
    • A61Q17/04Topical preparations for affording protection against sunlight or other radiation; Topical sun tanning preparations
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2800/00Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
    • A61K2800/40Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
    • A61K2800/41Particular ingredients further characterized by their size
    • A61K2800/413Nanosized, i.e. having sizes below 100 nm

Definitions

  • the invention is in the field of nanoparticles! and concerns the use of nanoscale organic light protection filters in cosmetics.
  • UV light protection filters are organic substances that are able to absorb ultraviolet rays and absorb the energy in the form of longer-wave radiation, e.g. To give off heat again.
  • a large number of substances of this type are known from the prior art and are used in particular in sunscreens, but also in other cosmetic products for hair and body care, in order to prevent the harmful effects of sunlight, e.g. Counteract erythema, hyperkeratosis, skin aging and, in the worst case, skin cancer.
  • the object of the present invention was therefore to improve the effectiveness of organic, preferably crystalline UV light protection filters in the case of topical application by providing new forms of supply.
  • a way should be found to prepare light protection emulsions, in particular those based on W / O with the highest possible content of light protection filters, in a storage-stable manner.
  • the invention relates to the use of nanoscale organic UV light protection filters with particle diameters in the range from 10 to 300 nm for the production of cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations.
  • organic light protection filters can be significantly increased if they are in the form of nanoparticles, i.e. Particles with an average diameter in the range from 10 to 300 and preferably 50 to 150 nm are present. With the same sun protection performance, the amount used can be reduced.
  • the coating of the particles with protective colloids not only leads to the fact that subsequent agglomeration does not take place, but also prevents any undesired penetration of the nanofiiter into the skin. Due to the fine distribution of the filters, it is also possible to provide even stable W / O emulsions with high light protection filter contents.
  • Nanoscale UV light protection factors that can be used in the sense of the invention are understood to mean, for example, liquid or solid, preferably crystalline organic substances that are able to absorb ultraviolet rays and the absorbed energy in the form of longer-wave radiation , e.g. To give off heat again.
  • UVB filters can be oil-soluble or water-soluble. As oil-soluble substances e.g. to call:
  • 3-benzylidene camphor or 3-benzylidene norcampher and its derivatives e.g. 3- (4-methylbenzylidene) camphor as described in EP-B1 0693471;
  • 4-aminobenzoic acid derivatives preferably 2-ethylhexyl 4- (dimethylamino) benzoate, 2-octyl 4- (dimethylamino) benzoate and amyl 4- (dimethylamino) benzoate;
  • esters of cinnamic acid preferably 2-ethylhexyl 4-methoxycinnamate, propyl 4-methoxycinnamate, 2-cyano-3,3-phenylcinnamate-2-ethylhexyl ester (octocrylene) 4-methoxycinnamate;
  • esters of salicylic acid preferably salicylic acid 2-ethylhexyl ester, salicylic acid 4-isopropyl benzyl ester, salicylic acid homomethyl ester;
  • benzophenone preferably 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-4'-methylbenzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone;
  • Esters of benzalmalonic acid preferably di-2-ethylhexyl 4-methoxybenzmalonate;
  • Triazine derivatives such as, for example, 2,4,6-trianilino- (p-carbo-2'-ethyl-1'-hexyloxy) -1, 3,5-triazine and octyl triazone, as described in EP-A1 0818450;
  • Propane-1,3-dione e.g. 1- (4-tert-butylphenyl) -3- (4'methoxyphenyl) propane-1,3-dione;
  • Sulfonic acid derivatives of 3-benzylidene camphor e.g. 4- (2-oxo-3-bomyiidenemethyl) benzenesulfonic acid and 2-methyl-5- (2-oxo-3-bornylidene) suifonic acid and their salts.
  • UV-A filters -4'-methoxydibenzoylmethane (Parsol 1789), or 1-phenyl-3- (4'-isopropylphenyl) propane-1,3-dione.
  • the UV-A and UV-B filters can of course also be used in mixtures.
  • solid and in particular crystalline light protection filters at room temperature since these can easily be converted into nanoscale solid particles.
  • liquid filters at room temperature. In this case, however, it is advisable to enclose the nanoscale particles in a solid protective colloid matrix or to disperse them in a liquid carrier, for example a cosmetic oil, i.e. to produce a nanodispersion.
  • Suitable Protective colloids are, for example, gelatin, casein, chitosan, gum arabic, lysalbic acid, starch and polymers, such as polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinylpyrrolidones, polyalkylene glycols and polyacrylates.
  • the preferred nanoscale organic UV light protection filters to be used are therefore those which are encased in a protective colloid and / or an emulsifier.
  • the protective colloids or emulsifiers are usually used in amounts of 0.1 to 20, preferably 5 to 15% by weight, based on the UV light protection filter.
  • Evaporation technology offers another suitable method for producing the nanoscale particles.
  • the starting materials are first dissolved in a suitable organic solvent (for example alkanes, vegetable oils, ethers, esters, ketones, acetals and the like).
  • a suitable organic solvent for example alkanes, vegetable oils, ethers, esters, ketones, acetals and the like.
  • the solutions are then added to water or another non-solvent, optionally in the presence of a surface-active compound dissolved in them, so that the homogenization of the two immiscible solvents leads to precipitation of the nanoparticles, the organic solvent preferably evaporating .
  • O / W emulsions or O / W microemulsions can also be used.
  • the emulsifiers and protective colloids already explained at the beginning can be used as surface-active compounds.
  • GAS process Gas Anti Solvent Recrystallization
  • the process uses a highly compressed gas or supercritical fluid (eg carbon dioxide) as a non-solvent for the crystallization of solutes.
  • the compressed gas phase is introduced into the primary solution of the starting materials and absorbed there, as a result of which the liquid volume increases, the solubility decreases and fine particles are separated out.
  • the PCA method Precipitation with a Compressed Fluid Anti-Solvent
  • the primary solution of the starting materials is introduced into a supercritical fluid, whereby finely divided droplets form in which diffusion processes take place, so that the finest particles are precipitated.
  • the starting materials are melted by injecting gas (e.g. carbon dioxide or propane). Pressure and temperature calibrate near or supercritical conditions. The gas phase dissolves in the solid and causes a lowering of the melting temperature, the viscosity and the surface tension. When expanding through a nozzle, cooling effects lead to the formation of very fine particles.
  • gas e.g. carbon dioxide or propane
  • the particular fine particle size of the particles in topical application results in a more effective conversion of UV radiation into heat and thus a higher effectiveness.
  • the amount of nanoscale compounds used is usually on the order of 0.1 to 5, preferably 0.5 to 3 and in particular 1 to 2% by weight, based on the preparations.
  • the cosmetic preparations obtainable using the nanoscale organic UV light protection filter according to the invention can furthermore contain mild surfactants, oil bodies, emulsifiers, superfatting agents, pearlescent waxes, stabilizers, consistency agents as further additives and additives.
  • mild surfactants such as, for example, sunscreen creams, lotions, gels and the like
  • Thickeners polymers, silicone compounds, biogenic agents, deodorants, antidandruff agents, film formers, preservatives, hydrotropes, solubilizers, inorganic UV light protection pigments, antioxidants, insect repellents, self-tanners, perfume oils, dyes and the like.
  • Suitable mild, i.e. particularly skin-compatible surfactants are fatty alcohol polyglycolethersulfate, monoglyceride sulfates, mono- and / or dialkyl sulfosuccinates, Fettklaieri- thionate acid taurides, fatty acid glutamates, ether carboxylic acids, Alkyloli- oligoglucosides, fatty acid glucamides, alkylamidobetaines and / or protein fatty acid condensates, the latter preferably based on wheat proteins.
  • Suitable emulsifiers are nonionic surfactants from at least one of the following groups:
  • glycerol monoesters and diesters and sorbitan monoesters and diesters of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids having 6 to 22 carbon atoms and their ethylene oxide addition products such as e.g. Glyceryl stearate, glyceryl isostearate, glyceryl oleate, sorbitan oleate or sorbitan sesquioleate;
  • alkyl mono- and oligoglycosides with 8 to 22 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical and their ethoxylated analogs
  • polyol and especially polyglycerol esters such as e.g. Diisostearoyl polyglyceryl-3 diisostearate, polyglyceryl-3 diisostearate, triglyceryl diisostearate, polyglyceryl-2 sesquiisostearate or polyglyceryl dimerate. Mixtures of compounds from several of these classes of substances are also suitable;
  • the adducts of ethylene oxide and / or of propylene oxide with fatty alcohols, fatty acids, alkylphenols, glycerol mono- and diesters as well as sorbitan mono- and diesters of fatty acids or with castor oil are known, commercially available products. These are homolog mixtures, the middle of which Degree of alkoxylation corresponds to the ratio of the amounts of ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide and substrate with which the addition reaction is carried out.
  • Ci2 / i8 fatty acid monoesters and diesters of adducts of ethylene oxide with glycerol are known from DE-PS 2024051 as refatting agents for cosmetic preparations.
  • Cs / i ⁇ alkyl mono- and oligoglycosides their preparation and their use are known from the prior art. They are produced in particular by reacting glucose or oligosaccharides with primary alcohols with 8 to 18 carbon atoms.
  • glycoside residue both monoglycosides in which a cyclic sugar residue is glycosidically bonded to the fatty alcohol and oligomeric glycosides with a degree of oligomerization of up to about 8 are suitable.
  • the degree of oligomerization is a statistical mean value which is based on a homolog distribution customary for such technical products.
  • Zwitterionic surfactants can also be used as emulsifiers.
  • Zwitterionic surfactants are surface-active compounds that contain at least one quaternary ammonium group and at least one carboxylate and one sulfonate group in the molecule.
  • Particularly suitable zwitterionic surfactants are the so-called betaines such as the N-alkyl-N, N-dimethylammonium glycinate, for example coconut alkyldimethylammonium glycinate, N-acylaminopropyl-N, N-dimethylammonium glycinate, for example coconut acylaminopropyldimethyl ammonium glycinate, and 2-alkyl-3-carboxylmethyl-3-hydroxyethylimidazolines each having 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl or acyl group and the cocoacylaminoethylhydroxyethylcarboxymethylglycinate.
  • betaines such as the N-alkyl-N, N-dimethylammonium glycinate, for example coconut alkyldimethylammonium glycinate, N-acylaminopropyl-N, N-dimethylammonium glycinate, for example
  • Suitable emulsifiers are ampholytic surfactants.
  • Ampholytic surfactants are surface-active compounds which, in addition to a C ⁇ alkyl or acyl group, contain at least one free amino group and at least one -COOH or -S ⁇ 3H group in the molecule and are capable of forming internal salts.
  • ampholytic surfactants are N-alkylglycines, N-alkylpropionic acids, N-alkylaminobutyric acids, N-alkyliminodipropionic acids, N-hydroxyethyl-N-alkylamidopropylglycines, N-alkyltaurines, N-alkylsarcosines, 2-alkylaminopropionic acids and alkylaminoacetic acids each with about 8 to 18 C. Atoms in the alkyl group.
  • Particularly preferred ampholytic surfactants are N-cocoalkylaminopropionate, cocoacylaminoethylaminopropionate and C12 / 18-acylsarcosine.
  • quaternary emulsifiers are also suitable, those of the esterquat type, preferably methylquaternized difatty acid triethanolamine ester salts, being particularly preferred.
  • Substances such as, for example, lanolin and lecithin and polyethoxylated or acylated lanolin and lecithin derivatives, polyol fatty acid esters, monoglycerides and fatty acid alkanolamides can be used as superfatting agents, the latter simultaneously serving as foam stabilizers.
  • Pearlescent waxes are: alkylene glycol esters, especially ethylene glycol distearate; Fatty acid alkanolamides, especially coconut fatty acid diethanolamide; Partial glycerides, especially stearic acid monoglyceride; Esters of polyvalent, optionally h yd roxysubstituted carboxylic acids with fatty alcohols having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, especially long-chain esters of tartaric acid; Fatty substances, such as, for example, fatty alcohols, fatty ketones, fatty aldehydes, fatty ethers and fatty carbonates, which have a total of at least 24 carbon atoms, especially lauron and distearyl ether; Fatty acids such as stearic acid, hydroxystearic acid or behenic acid, ring opening products of olefin epoxides with 12 to 22 carbon atoms with fatty alcohols with 12 to 22 carbon atoms and / or polyols with 2 to
  • Suitable consistency agents are primarily fatty alcohols or hydroxy fatty alcohols with 12 to 22 and preferably 16 to 18 carbon atoms and, in addition, partial glycerides, fatty acids or hydroxy fatty acids.
  • a combination of these substances with alkyl oligoglucosides and / or fatty acid N-methylglucamides of the same chain length and / or polyglycerol poly-12- is preferred.
  • hydroxystearates is preferred.
  • Suitable thickeners are, for example, polysaccharides, in particular xanthan gum, guar guar, agar agar, alginates and tyloses, carboxymethyl cellulose and hydroxyethyl cellulose, furthermore higher molecular weight polyethylene glycol mono- and diesters of fatty acids, polyacrylates, (for example Carbopole® from Goodrich or Synthalene® from Sigma), polyacrylamides, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl pyrrolidone, surfactants such as, for example, ethoxylated fatty acid glycerides, esters of fatty acids with polyols such as, for example, pentaerythritol or trimethylol propane, fatty alcohol ethoxylates with a narrow homolog distribution or alkyl oligoglucosides, and electrolytes such as sodium chloride and ammonium chloride.
  • polysaccharides in particular xanthan gum, guar guar,
  • Suitable cationic polymers are, for example, cationic cellulose derivatives, e.g. a quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose available under the name Polymer JR 400® from Amerchol, cationic starch, copolymers of diallylammonium salts and acrylamides, quaternized vinylpyrrolidone / vinylimidazole polymers such as e.g.
  • Luviquat® condensation products of polyglycols and amines, quaternized collagen polypeptides, such as, for example, lauryldimonium hydroxypropyl hydrolyzed collagen (Lamequat®IJGrünau), quaternized wheat polypeptides, polyethyleneimine, cationic silicon polymers, e.g. Amidomethicones, copolymers of adipic acid and dimethylaminohydroxypropyldiethylenetriamine (Cartaretine® / Sandoz), copolymers of acrylic acid with dimethyldiallylammonium chloride (Merquat® 550 / Chemviron), polyaminopolyamides, e.g.
  • cationic chitin derivatives such as quaternized chitosan, optionally microcrystalline, condensation products of dihaloalkylene, such as e.g. Dibromobutane with bisdialkylamines, e.g. Bis-dimethylamino-1, 3-propane, cationic guar gum, e.g. Jaguar® CBS, Jaguar® C-17, Jaguar® C-16 from Celanese, quaternized ammonium salt polymers, e.g. Mirapol® A-15, Mirapol® AD-1, Mirapol® AZ-1 from Miranol.
  • dihaloalkylene such as e.g. Dibromobutane with bisdialkylamines, e.g. Bis-dimethylamino-1, 3-propane
  • cationic guar gum e.g. Jaguar® CBS, Jaguar® C-17, Jaguar® C-16 from Celanese
  • quaternized ammonium salt polymers e.g. Mirapol® A
  • Anionic, zwitterionic, amphoteric and nonionic polymers include, for example, vinyl acetate / crotonic acid copolymers, vinylpyrroiidone / vinyl acrylate copolymers, vinyl acetate / butyl maleate / isobomylacrylate copolymers, methyl vinyl ether / maleic anhydride copolymers and polyesters and their esters, non-crosslinked Acrylamidopropyl- trimethylammonium chloride / acrylate copolymers, octylacrylamide / methyl methacrylate / tert butylaminoethyl noethylmethacrylat / 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate copolymers, polyvinylpyrrolidone, Vinylpyrrolid- on / vinyl acetate copolymers, Vinyipyrrolidon / dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate / vinyl caprolactam ter
  • Suitable silicone compounds are, for example, dimethylpolysiloxanes, methylphenylpolysiloxanes, cyclic silicones and amino, fatty acid, alcohol, polyether, epoxy, fluorine, glycoside and / or aikyl modified silicone compounds, which can be both liquid and resinous at room temperature.
  • suitable volatile silicones can also be found by Todd et al. in Cosm.Toil. 91, 27 (1976).
  • Typical examples of fats are glycerides, waxes include Beeswax, carnauba wax, candelilla wax, montan wax, paraffin wax, hydrogenated castor oils, fatty acid esters or micro waxes solid at room temperature, optionally in combination with hydrophilic waxes, e.g. Cetylstearyl alcohol or partial glycerides in question.
  • Metal salts of fatty acids such as e.g. Lithium, calcium, magnesium, aluminum and / or zinc stearate or ricinoleate can be used.
  • Biogenic active substances are, for example, tocopherol, tocopherol acetate, tocopherol palmitate, ascorbic acid, deoxyribonucleic acid, retinol, bisabolol, allantoin, phytantriol, panthenol, AHA acids, amino acids, ceramides, pseudoceramides, essential oils, plant extracts and vitamin complexes.
  • Antiperspirants such as aluminum chlorohydrates are suitable as deodorant active ingredients. These are colorless, hygroscopic crystals that easily dissolve in the air and arise when aqueous aluminum chloride solutions are evaporated.
  • Aluminum chlorohydrate is used in the manufacture of antiperspirant and deodorant preparations and is likely to act by partially occluding the sweat glands through protein and / or polysaccharide precipitation [cf. J.Soc.Cosm.Chem. 24, 281 (1973)].
  • there is an aluminum chlorohydrate commercially available under the brand Locron® from Hoechst AG, Frankfurt / FRG, which corresponds to the formula [Al2 (OH) 5 ⁇ ] * 2.5 H ⁇ O and whose use is particularly preferred [cf.
  • esterase inhibitors can be added as further deodorant active ingredients. These are preferably trialkyl citrates such as trimethyl citrate, tripropyl citrate, triisopropyl citrate, tributyl citrate and in particular triethyl citrate (Hydagen® CAT, Henkel KGaA, Düsseldorf / FRG). The substances inhibit enzyme activity and thereby reduce odor formation. The cleavage of the citric acid ester probably releases the free acid, which lowers the pH on the skin to such an extent that the enzymes are inhibited.
  • trialkyl citrates such as trimethyl citrate, tripropyl citrate, triisopropyl citrate, tributyl citrate and in particular triethyl citrate (Hydagen® CAT, Henkel KGaA, Düsseldorf / FRG).
  • esterase inhibitors are dicarboxylic acids and their esters, such as, for example, glutaric acid, glutaric acid monoethyl ester, glutaric acid diethyl ester, adipic acid, adipic acid monoethyl ester, adipic acid diethyl ester, malonic acid and malonic acid diethyl acid and their acid, hydroxycarboxylic acid diethyl acid, hydroxycarboxylic acid diethyl acid, and their carboxylate, such as hydroxycarboxylic acid diethyl ester, hydroxycarboxylic acid diethyl acid, and their carboxylic acid, such as hydroxycarboxylic acid, citric acid, for example, Antibacterial agents that The stick preparations can also influence the microbial flora and kill sweat-decomposing bacteria or inhibit their growth.
  • dicarboxylic acids and their esters such as, for example, glutaric acid, glutaric acid monoethyl ester, glutaric acid dieth
  • Examples include chitosan, phenoxyethanol and chlorhexidine gluconate.
  • 5-Chloro-2- (2,4-dichlorophen-oxy) phenol which is sold under the Irgasan® brand by Ciba-Geigy, Basel / CH, has also proven to be particularly effective.
  • Climbazole, octopirox and zinc pyrethione can be used as antidandruff agents.
  • Common film formers are, for example, chitosan, microcrystalline chitosan, quaternized chitosan, polyvinylpyrrolidone, vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymers, polymers of the acrylic acid series, quaternary cellulose derivatives, collagen, hyaluronic acid or its salts and similar compounds.
  • Montmorilionite, clay minerals, pemulene and aikyl-modified carbopol types can serve as swelling agents for aqueous phases. Further suitable polymers or swelling agents can be found in the overview by R. Lochhead in Cosm.Toil. 108, 95 (1993).
  • insoluble inorganic light protection pigments namely finely dispersed metal oxides or salts, such as, for example, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, iron oxide, aluminum oxide, cerium oxide, zirconium oxide, silicates (talc), barium sulfate and zinc stearate are also suitable for this purpose.
  • the particles should have an average diameter of less than 100 nm, preferably between 5 and 50 nm and in particular between 15 and 30 nm. They can have a spherical shape, but it is also possible to use particles which have an ellipsoidal shape or shape which differs from the spherical shape in some other way.
  • secondary light stabilizers of the antioxidant type can also be used, which interrupt the photochemical reaction chain which is triggered when UV radiation penetrates the skin.
  • amino acids e.g. glycine, histidine, tyrosine, tryptophan
  • imidazoles e.g. urocanic acid
  • peptides such as D, L-camosine, D-camosine, L-camosine and their derivatives (e.g. anserine)
  • Carotenoids e.g.
  • ⁇ -carotene, ⁇ -carotene, lycopin and their derivatives, chlorogenic acid and their derivatives, lipoic acid and their derivatives (e.g. dihydroliponic acid), aurothioglucose, propylthiouracil and other thiols (e.g.
  • thioredoxin glutathione, cysteine, Cystine, cystamine and their glycosyl, N-acetyl, methyl, ethyl, propyl, amyl, butyl and lauryl, palmitoyl, oleyl, ⁇ -linoleyl, cholesteryl and glycery esters) and their salts , Dilauryl thiodipropionate, distearyl thiodipropionate, thiodipropionic acid and their derivatives (esters, ethers, peptides, lipids, nucleotides, nucleosides and salts) as well as sulfoximine compounds (e.g.
  • Buthioninsulfoximine, Homocysteinsulfoximin, Butioninsulfone, Penta-, Hexa-, Heptathioninsulfoximin) in very low tolerable doses e.g. pmol to ⁇ mol / kg
  • metal - chelators e.g. ⁇ -hydroxy fatty acids, palmitic acid, phytic acid, lactoferrin
  • ⁇ -hydroxy acids e.g. citric acid, lactic acid, malic acid
  • humic acid bile acid, bile extracts, bilirubin, biliverdin, EDTA, EGTA and their derivatives, unsaturated fatty acids and their derivatives (e.g. ⁇ -
  • vitamin E acetate
  • vitamin A and derivatives vitamin A palmitate
  • stilbenes and their derivatives e.g. stilbene oxide, trans-stilbene oxide
  • derivatives suitable according to the invention salts, esters, ethers, sugars , Nucleotides, nucleosides, peptides and lipids
  • Hydrotropes such as ethanol, isopropyl alcohol or polyols can also be used to improve the flow behavior.
  • Polyols that come into consideration here preferably have 2 to 15 carbon atoms and at least two hydroxyl groups. Typical examples are
  • Alkylene glycols such as, for example, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, hexylene glycol and polyethylene glycols with an average molecular weight of 100 to 1,000 daltons;
  • Methyl compounds such as in particular trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolbutane, pentaerythritol and dipentaerythritol;
  • Lower alkyl glucosides in particular those with 1 to 8 carbons in the alkyl radical, such as methyl and butyl glucoside;
  • Sugar alcohols with 5 to 12 carbon atoms such as sorbitol or mannitol,
  • Aminosugars such as glucamine.
  • Suitable preservatives are, for example, phenoxyethanol, formaldehyde solution, parabens, pentanediol or sorbic acid and those in Appendix 6, Parts A and B of the Cosmetics Ordinance listed further substance classes.
  • N, N-diethyl-m-touluamide, 1, 2-pentanediol or Insect repellent 3535 can be used as an insect repellent, and dihydroxyacetone is suitable as a self-tanner.
  • Perfume oils include mixtures of natural and synthetic fragrances. Natural fragrances are extracts of flowers (lily, lavender, roses, jasmine, neroli, ylang-ylang), stems and leaves (geranium, patchouli, petitgrain), fruits (anise, coriander, caraway, juniper), fruit peel (bergamot, lemon, Oranges), roots (mace, angelica, celery, cardamom, costus, iris, calmus), wood (pine, sandal, guaiac, cedar, rosewood), herbs and grasses (tarragon, lemongrass, sage, thyme), Needles and twigs (spruce, fir, pine, mountain pine), resins and balms (galbanum, elemi, benzoin, myrrh, olibanum, opoponax).
  • Typical synthetic fragrance compounds are products of the ester, ether, aldehyde, ketone, alcohol and hydrocarbon type. Fragrance compounds of the ester type are e.g.
  • the ethers include, for example, benzyl ethyl ether, the aldehydes, for example.
  • Anethol citronellol, eugenol, isoeugenol, geraniol, linalool, phenylethyl alcohol and te ⁇ ineol
  • the hydrocarbons mainly include te ⁇ enes and balsams.
  • Essential oils of lower volatility which are mostly used as aroma components, are also suitable as perfume oils, e.g. Sage oil, chamomile oil, clove oil, lemon balm oil, mint oil, cinnamon leaf oil, linden blossom oil, juniper berry oil, vetiver oil, oliban oil, galbanum oil, labola oil and lavender oil.
  • the dyes which can be used are the substances which are suitable and approved for cosmetic purposes, as described, for example, in the publication "Cosmetic Dyes” Substance commission of the Irish Klastician, Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, 1984, pp.81-106. These dyes are usually used in concentrations of 0.001 to 0.1% by weight, based on the mixture as a whole.
  • the total proportion of auxiliaries and additives can be 1 to 50, preferably 5 to 40,% by weight, based on the composition.
  • the agents can be produced by customary cold or hot processes; the phase inversion temperature method is preferably used.
  • carbon dioxide was first taken from a reservoir at a constant pressure of 60 bar and cleaned over a column with an activated carbon and a molecular sieve packing. After liquefaction, the CO2 was compressed to the desired supercritical pressure p using a diaphragm pump at a constant flow rate of 3.5 l / h. The solvent was then brought to the required temperature T1 in a preheater and passed into an extraction column (steel, 400 ml) which was loaded with the sterol or sterol ester. The resulting supercritical, i.e.
  • the fluid mixture was sprayed through a laser-drawn nozzle (length 830 ⁇ m, diameter 45 ⁇ m) at a temperature T2 into a plexiglass expansion chamber which contained a 4% by weight aqueous solution of an emulsifier or protective colloid.
  • the fluid medium evaporated and the dispersed nanoparticles enclosed in the protective colloid remained.
  • a 1% by weight solution of octocrylene in acetone was added dropwise to a 4% by weight aqueous solution of Coco Glucosides with vigorous stirring at 40 ° C. and a reduced pressure of 40 mbar.
  • the evaporating solvent was condensed in a cold trap while the dispersion with the nanoparticles remained.
  • the process conditions and the mean particle size range are given in Table 1 below.
  • Table 2 below contains a number of formulation examples with UV light protection filter nanoparticles.

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Abstract

The invention relates to the utilization of nanoscalar organic filters, which provide protection against UV light and which comprise particle diameters ranging from 10 to 300 nm, in order to produce cosmetic and/or pharmaceutical preparations, especially sunscreen agents. When topically applied, the particular fine smallness of the particles leads to a higher degree of effectiveness compared to prior art filters which provide protection against UV light.

Description

Verwendung von nanoskaligen organischen UV-LichtschutzfilternUse of nanoscale organic UV light protection filters
Gebiet der ErfindungField of the Invention
Die Erfindung befindet sich auf dem Gebiet der Nanopartike! und betrifft die Verwendung von nanoskaligen organischen Lichtschutzfiltern in der Kosmetik.The invention is in the field of nanoparticles! and concerns the use of nanoscale organic light protection filters in cosmetics.
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Unter UV-Lichtschutzfiltern (synonym : Lichtschutzfaktoren) sind organische Substanzen zu verstehen, die in der Lage sind, ultraviolette Strahlen zu absorbieren und die aufgenommene Energie in Form längerwelliger Strahlung, z.B. Wärme wieder abzugeben. Stoffe dieser Art sind in großer Vielzahl aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt und werden insbesondere in Sonnenschutzmitteln, aber auch anderen kosmetischen Produkten zur Haar- und Körperpflege eingesetzt, um den schädlichen Auswirkungen des Sonnenlichtes, wie z.B. Erythemen, Hyperkeratosen, Hautalterung und im schlimmsten Fall Hautkrebs entgegenzuwirken. Eine entsprechende Übersicht zu geeigneten UV-Lichtschutzfiltern ist von P.Finkei in SÖFW-Joumal 122, 543 (1996) erschienen; zum Einsatz von nanoskaligen anorganischen Lichtschutzpigmenten vergleiche C.Mülier-Goymann et al. in Parf.Kosm. 79, 24 (1998). Beim Verbraucher besteht das naheliegende Bedürfnis nach einem effektiven Sonnenschutz, d.h. einer möglichst langen Expositionszeit, was in der Regel einen besonders hohen Anteil an Lichtschutzfiltern in der Formulierung voraussetzt. Für die Hersteller derartiger Produkte stellt dies indes in doppelter Weise ein Problem dar, da sich größere Mengen UV- Filtern nur schwer in stabile Emulsionen einarbeiten lassen und diese zudem noch empfindlich verteuern.UV light protection filters (synonymous: light protection factors) are organic substances that are able to absorb ultraviolet rays and absorb the energy in the form of longer-wave radiation, e.g. To give off heat again. A large number of substances of this type are known from the prior art and are used in particular in sunscreens, but also in other cosmetic products for hair and body care, in order to prevent the harmful effects of sunlight, e.g. Counteract erythema, hyperkeratosis, skin aging and, in the worst case, skin cancer. A corresponding overview of suitable UV light protection filters has been published by P.Finkei in SÖFW-Joumal 122, 543 (1996); for the use of nanoscale inorganic light protection pigments, see C.Mülier-Goymann et al. in Parf.Kosm. 79, 24 (1998). There is an obvious need among consumers for effective sun protection, i.e. the longest possible exposure time, which usually requires a particularly high proportion of light protection filters in the formulation. This poses a problem for the manufacturers of such products in two ways, since larger quantities of UV filters are difficult to incorporate into stable emulsions and, moreover, make them more expensive.
Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung hat somit darin bestanden, die Wirksamkeit von organischen, vorzugsweise kristallinen UV-Lichtschutzfiltern bei topischer Applikation durch Bereitstellung neuer Anbietungsformen zu verbessern. Gleichzeitig sollte ein Weg gefunden werden, Lichtschutzemulsionen, insbesondere solche auf W/O-Basis mit einem möglichst hohen Gehalt an Licht- schutzfiltern lagerstabil herzusteilen. Beschreibung der ErfindungThe object of the present invention was therefore to improve the effectiveness of organic, preferably crystalline UV light protection filters in the case of topical application by providing new forms of supply. At the same time, a way should be found to prepare light protection emulsions, in particular those based on W / O with the highest possible content of light protection filters, in a storage-stable manner. Description of the invention
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist die Verwendung von nanoskaligen organischen UV-Lichtschutzfiltern mit Teilchendurchmessem im Bereich von 10 bis 300 nm zur Herstellung von kosmetischen und/oder pharmazeutischen Zubereitungen.The invention relates to the use of nanoscale organic UV light protection filters with particle diameters in the range from 10 to 300 nm for the production of cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations.
Überraschenderweise wurde gefunden, daß sich die Wirksamkeit von organischen Lichtschutzfiltern signifikant steigern läßt, wenn diese in Form von Nanoteilchen, d.h. Partikeln mit einem mittleren Durchmesser im Bereich von 10 bis 300 und vorzugsweise 50 bis 150 nm vorliegen. Bei gleicher Sonnenschutzleistung läßt sich also die Einsatzmenge verringern. Die Ummantelung der Partikel mit Schutzkolloiden führt femer nicht nur dazu, daß eine nachträgliche Agglomeration nicht stattfindet, sondern verhindert auch jedwede unerwünschte Penetration der Nanofiiter in die Haut. Durch die Feinverteilung der Filter ist es des weiteren möglich, selbst stabile W/O-Emulsionen mit hohen Lichtschutzfiltergehalten zur Verfügung zu steilen.Surprisingly, it has been found that the effectiveness of organic light protection filters can be significantly increased if they are in the form of nanoparticles, i.e. Particles with an average diameter in the range from 10 to 300 and preferably 50 to 150 nm are present. With the same sun protection performance, the amount used can be reduced. The coating of the particles with protective colloids not only leads to the fact that subsequent agglomeration does not take place, but also prevents any undesired penetration of the nanofiiter into the skin. Due to the fine distribution of the filters, it is also possible to provide even stable W / O emulsions with high light protection filter contents.
Organische UV-LichtschutzfilterOrganic UV filters
Unter nanoskaligen UV-Lichtschutzfaktoren, die im Sinne der Erfindung eingesetzt werden können, sind beispielsweise bei Raumtemperatur flüssige oder feste, vorzugsweise aber kristallin vorliegende organische Substanzen zu verstehen, die in der Lage sind, ultraviolette Strahlen zu absorbieren und die aufgenommene Energie in Form längerwelliger Strahlung, z.B. Wärme wieder abzugeben. UVB-Filter können öliöslich oder wasserlöslich sein. Als öllösliche Substanzen sind z.B. zu nennen:Nanoscale UV light protection factors that can be used in the sense of the invention are understood to mean, for example, liquid or solid, preferably crystalline organic substances that are able to absorb ultraviolet rays and the absorbed energy in the form of longer-wave radiation , e.g. To give off heat again. UVB filters can be oil-soluble or water-soluble. As oil-soluble substances e.g. to call:
• 3-Benzylidencampher bzw. 3-Benzylidennorcampher und dessen Derivate, z.B. 3-(4- Methylben-zyliden)campher wie in der EP-B1 0693471 beschrieben;3-benzylidene camphor or 3-benzylidene norcampher and its derivatives, e.g. 3- (4-methylbenzylidene) camphor as described in EP-B1 0693471;
• 4-Aminobenzoesäurederivate, vorzugsweise 4-(Dimethylamino)benzoesäure-2-ethylhexylester, 4-(Dimethylamino)benzoesäure-2-octylester und 4-(Dimethylamino)benzoesäureamylester;4-aminobenzoic acid derivatives, preferably 2-ethylhexyl 4- (dimethylamino) benzoate, 2-octyl 4- (dimethylamino) benzoate and amyl 4- (dimethylamino) benzoate;
• Ester der Zimtsäure, vorzugsweise 4-Methoxyzimtsäure-2-ethylhexylester, 4-Methoxyzimt- säurepropylester, 4-Methoxyzimtsäureisoamylester 2-Cyano-3,3-phenylzimtsäure-2-ethylhexyl- ester (Octocrylene);• esters of cinnamic acid, preferably 2-ethylhexyl 4-methoxycinnamate, propyl 4-methoxycinnamate, 2-cyano-3,3-phenylcinnamate-2-ethylhexyl ester (octocrylene) 4-methoxycinnamate;
• Ester der Salicylsäure, vorzugsweise Salicyisäure-2-ethylhexylester, Salicylsäure-4-isopropyl- benzylester, Salicylsäurehomomenthylester;• esters of salicylic acid, preferably salicylic acid 2-ethylhexyl ester, salicylic acid 4-isopropyl benzyl ester, salicylic acid homomethyl ester;
• Derivate des Benzophenons, vorzugsweise 2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenon, 2-Hydroxy-4- methoxy-4'-methylbenzophenon, 2,2'-Dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenon;• Derivatives of benzophenone, preferably 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-4'-methylbenzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone;
• Ester der Benzalmalonsäure, vorzugsweise 4-Methoxybenzmalonsäuredi-2-ethylhexylester; • Triazinderivate, wie z.B. 2,4,6-Trianilino-(p-carbo-2'-ethyl-1'-hexyloxy)-1 ,3,5-triazin und Octyl Triazon, wie in der EP-A1 0818450 beschrieben;• Esters of benzalmalonic acid, preferably di-2-ethylhexyl 4-methoxybenzmalonate; Triazine derivatives, such as, for example, 2,4,6-trianilino- (p-carbo-2'-ethyl-1'-hexyloxy) -1, 3,5-triazine and octyl triazone, as described in EP-A1 0818450;
• Propan-1 ,3-dione, wie z.B. 1-(4-tert.Butylphenyl)-3-(4'methoxyphenyl)propan-1 ,3-dion;Propane-1,3-dione, e.g. 1- (4-tert-butylphenyl) -3- (4'methoxyphenyl) propane-1,3-dione;
• Ketotricyclo(5.2.1.0)decan-Derivate, wie in der EP-B1 0694521 beschrieben.• Ketotricyclo (5.2.1.0) decane derivatives, as described in EP-B1 0694521.
Als wasserlösliche Substanzen kommen in Frage:Possible water-soluble substances are:
• 2-Phenylbenzimidazol-5-sulfonsäure und deren Alkali-, Erdalkali-, Ammonium-, Alkylammoni- um-, Alkanolammonium- und Glucammoniumsalze;• 2-phenylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid and its alkali, alkaline earth, ammonium, alkylammonium, alkanolammonium and glucammonium salts;
• Sulfonsäurederivate von Benzophenonen, vorzugsweise 2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenon-5- suifonsäure und ihre Salze;• sulfonic acid derivatives of benzophenones, preferably 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-5-suifonic acid and its salts;
• Sulfonsäurederivate des 3-Benzylidencamphers, wie z.B. 4-(2-Oxo-3-bomyiidenmethyl)benzol- sulfonsäure und 2-Methyl-5-(2-oxo-3-bornyliden)suifonsäure und deren Salze.Sulfonic acid derivatives of 3-benzylidene camphor, e.g. 4- (2-oxo-3-bomyiidenemethyl) benzenesulfonic acid and 2-methyl-5- (2-oxo-3-bornylidene) suifonic acid and their salts.
Als typische UV-A-Filter kommen insbesondere Derivate des Benzoylmethans in Frage, wie beispielsweise 1-(4'-tert.Butylphenyl)-3-(4'-methoxyphenyl)propan-1 ,3-dion, 4-tert.-Butyl-4'-methoxydi- benzoylmethan (Parsol 1789), oder 1 -Phenyl-3-(4'-isopropylphenyl)-propan-1 ,3-dion. Die UV-A und UV-B-Filter können selbstverständlich auch in Mischungen eingesetzt werden. Im Sinne der Erfindung ist es bevorzugt, bei Raumtemperatur feste und insbesondere kristalline Lichtschutzfilter einzusetzen, da diese sich leicht in nanoskalige Feststoffpartikel überführen lassen. Es ist jedoch ebenso möglich, bei Raumtemperatur flüssige Filter einzusetzen. In diesem Fall empfiehlt es sich jedoch, die nanoskaligen Teilchen in einer festen Schutzkolloidmatrix einzuschließen oder in einem flüssigen Träger, beispielsweise einem kosmetischen Öl, zu dispergieren, d.h. eine Nanodispersion herzustellen.Derivatives of benzoylmethane, such as 1- (4'-tert-butylphenyl) -3- (4'-methoxyphenyl) propane-1, 3-dione, 4-tert-butyl, are particularly suitable as typical UV-A filters -4'-methoxydibenzoylmethane (Parsol 1789), or 1-phenyl-3- (4'-isopropylphenyl) propane-1,3-dione. The UV-A and UV-B filters can of course also be used in mixtures. In the sense of the invention it is preferred to use solid and in particular crystalline light protection filters at room temperature since these can easily be converted into nanoscale solid particles. However, it is also possible to use liquid filters at room temperature. In this case, however, it is advisable to enclose the nanoscale particles in a solid protective colloid matrix or to disperse them in a liquid carrier, for example a cosmetic oil, i.e. to produce a nanodispersion.
Herstellung von NanopartikelnManufacture of nanoparticles
Ein solches Verfahren zur Herstellung von Nanoteilchen durch rasche Entspannung von überkritischen Lösungen (Rapid Expansion of Supercritical Solutions RESS) ist beispielsweise aus dem Aufsatz von S.Chihtar, M.Türk und K.Schaber in Proceedings World Congress on Particle Technology 3, Brighton, 1998 bekannt. Um zu verhindern, daß die Nanoteilchen wieder zusammenbacken, empfiehlt es sich, die Ausgangsstoffe in Gegenwart geeigneter Schutzkolloide oder Emulgatoren zu lösen und/oder die kritischen Lösungen in wäßrige und/oder alkoholische Lösungen der Schutzkolloide bzw. Emulgatoren oder aber in kosmetische Öle zu entspannen, welche ihrerseits wieder gelöste Emulgatoren und/oder Schutzkolloide enthalten können. Geeignete Schutzkolloide sind dabei z.B. Gelatine, Casein, Chitosan, Gummi arabicum, Lysalbinsäure, Stärke sowie Polymere, wie etwa Polyvinylalkohole, Polyvinylpyrrolidone Polyalkylenglycole und Po- iyacrylate. Die bevorzugt zu verwendenden nanoskaligen organischen UV-Lichtschutzfilter sind also die, die von einem Schutzkolloid und/oder einem Emulgator ummantelt vorliegen. Üblicherweise werden die Schutzkolloide oder Emulgatoren in Mengen von 0,1 bis 20, vorzugsweise 5 bis 15 Gew.-% - bezogen auf die UV-Lichtschutzfilter - eingesetzt.Such a process for the production of nanoparticles by rapid relaxation of supercritical solutions (Rapid Expansion RESS) is, for example, from the article by S.Chihtar, M.Türk and K. Schaber in Proceedings World Congress on Particle Technology 3, Brighton, 1998 known. In order to prevent the nanoparticles from caking again, it is advisable to dissolve the starting materials in the presence of suitable protective colloids or emulsifiers and / or to relax the critical solutions in aqueous and / or alcoholic solutions of the protective colloids or emulsifiers or in cosmetic oils, which in turn can contain dissolved emulsifiers and / or protective colloids. Suitable Protective colloids are, for example, gelatin, casein, chitosan, gum arabic, lysalbic acid, starch and polymers, such as polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinylpyrrolidones, polyalkylene glycols and polyacrylates. The preferred nanoscale organic UV light protection filters to be used are therefore those which are encased in a protective colloid and / or an emulsifier. The protective colloids or emulsifiers are usually used in amounts of 0.1 to 20, preferably 5 to 15% by weight, based on the UV light protection filter.
Ein weiteres geeignetes Verfahren zur Herstellung der nanoskaligen Teilchen bietet die Evaporati- onstechnik. Hierbei werden die Ausgangsstoffe zunächst in einem geeigneten organischen Lösungsmittel (z.B. Alkane, pflanzliche Öle, Ether, Ester, Ketone, Acetale und dergleichen) gelöst. Anschließend werden die Lösungen derart in Wasser oder einem anderen Nicht-Lösungsmittel, gegebenenfalls in Gegenwart einer darin gelösten oberflächenaktiven Verbindung gegeben, daß es durch die Homogenisierung der beiden nicht miteinander mischbaren Lösungsmittel zu einer Aus- fällung der Nanoteilchen kommt, wobei das organische Lösungsmittel vorzugsweise verdampft. Anstelle einer wäßrigen Lösung können auch O/W-Emulsionen bzw. O/W-Mikroemulsionen eingesetzt werden. Als oberflächenaktive Verbindungen können die bereits eingangs erläuterten Emulgatoren und Schutzkolloide verwendet werden. Eine weitere Möglichkeit zur Herstellung von Nanoteilchen besteht in dem sogenannten GAS-Verfahren (Gas Anti Solvent Recrystallization). Das Verfahren nutzt ein hochkomprimiertes Gas oder überkritisches Fluid (z.B. Kohlendioxid) als Nicht-Lösungsmittel zur Kristallisation von gelösten Stoffen. Die verdichtete Gasphase wird in die Primärlösung der Ausgangsstoffe eingeleitet und dort absorbiert, wodurch sich das Flüssigkeitsvolumen vergrößert, die Lösiichkeit abnimmt und feinteilige Partikel ausgeschieden werden. Ähnlich geeignet ist das PCA-Verfahren (Precipitation with a Compressed Fluid Anti-Solvent). Hier wird die Primärlösung der Ausgangsstoffe in ein überkritisches Fluid eingeleitet, wobei sich feinstverteilte Tröpfchen bilden, in denen Diffusionsvorgänge ablaufen, so daß eine Ausfällung feinster Partikel erfolgt. Beim PGSS-Verfahren (Particles from Gas Saturated Solutions) werden die Ausgangsstoffe durch Aufpressen von Gas (z.B. Kohlendioxid oder Propan) aufgeschmolzen. Druck und Temperatur eσeichen nahe- oder überkritische Bedingungen. Die Gasphase löst sich im Feststoff und bewirkt eine Absenkung der Schmelztemperatur, der Viskosität und der Oberflächenspannung. Bei der Expansion durch eine Düse kommt es durch Abkühiungseffekte zur Bildung feinster Teilchen. Gewerbliche AnwendbarkeitEvaporation technology offers another suitable method for producing the nanoscale particles. Here, the starting materials are first dissolved in a suitable organic solvent (for example alkanes, vegetable oils, ethers, esters, ketones, acetals and the like). The solutions are then added to water or another non-solvent, optionally in the presence of a surface-active compound dissolved in them, so that the homogenization of the two immiscible solvents leads to precipitation of the nanoparticles, the organic solvent preferably evaporating . Instead of an aqueous solution, O / W emulsions or O / W microemulsions can also be used. The emulsifiers and protective colloids already explained at the beginning can be used as surface-active compounds. Another possibility for producing nanoparticles is the so-called GAS process (Gas Anti Solvent Recrystallization). The process uses a highly compressed gas or supercritical fluid (eg carbon dioxide) as a non-solvent for the crystallization of solutes. The compressed gas phase is introduced into the primary solution of the starting materials and absorbed there, as a result of which the liquid volume increases, the solubility decreases and fine particles are separated out. The PCA method (Precipitation with a Compressed Fluid Anti-Solvent) is similarly suitable. Here the primary solution of the starting materials is introduced into a supercritical fluid, whereby finely divided droplets form in which diffusion processes take place, so that the finest particles are precipitated. In the PGSS process (Particles from Gas Saturated Solutions), the starting materials are melted by injecting gas (e.g. carbon dioxide or propane). Pressure and temperature calibrate near or supercritical conditions. The gas phase dissolves in the solid and causes a lowering of the melting temperature, the viscosity and the surface tension. When expanding through a nozzle, cooling effects lead to the formation of very fine particles. Industrial applicability
Gegenüber organischen UV-Lichtschutzfiltem des Stands der Technik bewirkt die besondere Feinteiligkeit der Partikel bei topischer Anwendung eine effektivere Umwandlung von UV-Strahlung in Wärme und damit eine höhere Wirksamkeit. Die Einsatzmenge der nanoskaligen Verbindungen liegt üblicherweise in der Größenordnung von 0,1 bis 5, vorzugsweise 0,5 bis 3 und insbesondere 1 bis 2 Gew.-% - bezogen auf die Zubereitungen.Compared to organic UV light protection filters of the prior art, the particular fine particle size of the particles in topical application results in a more effective conversion of UV radiation into heat and thus a higher effectiveness. The amount of nanoscale compounds used is usually on the order of 0.1 to 5, preferably 0.5 to 3 and in particular 1 to 2% by weight, based on the preparations.
Kosmetische und/oder pharmazeutische ZubereitungenCosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations
Die unter der erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung der nanoskaligen organischen UV-Lichtschutzfilter erhältlichen kosmetischen Zubereitungen, wie beispielsweise Sonnenschutzcremes, -lotionen, - gele und dergleichen, können femer als weitere Hiifs- und Zusatzstoffe milde Tenside, Ölkörper, Emulgatoren, Überfettungsmittel, Perlglanzwachse, Stabilisatoren, Konsistenzgeber, Verdickungs- mittel, Polymere, Siliconverbindungen, biogene Wirkstoffe, Deowirkstoffe, Antischuppenmittel, Filmbildner, Konservierungsmittel, Hydrotrope, Solubilisatoren, anorganische UV-Lichtschutzpigmente, Antioxidantien, Insektenrepellentien, Selbstbräuner, Parfümöle, Farbstoffe und dergleichen enthalten.The cosmetic preparations obtainable using the nanoscale organic UV light protection filter according to the invention, such as, for example, sunscreen creams, lotions, gels and the like, can furthermore contain mild surfactants, oil bodies, emulsifiers, superfatting agents, pearlescent waxes, stabilizers, consistency agents as further additives and additives. Thickeners, polymers, silicone compounds, biogenic agents, deodorants, antidandruff agents, film formers, preservatives, hydrotropes, solubilizers, inorganic UV light protection pigments, antioxidants, insect repellents, self-tanners, perfume oils, dyes and the like.
Typische Beispiele für geeignete milde, d.h. besonders hautverträgliche Tenside sind Fettalkohol- polyglycolethersulfate, Monoglyceridsulfate, Mono- und/oder Dialkylsulfosuccinate, Fettsäureise- thionate, Fettsäuresarcosinate, Fettsäuretauride, Fettsäureglutamate, Ethercarbonsäuren, Alkyloli- goglucoside, Fettsäureglucamide, Alkylamidobetaine und/oder Proteinfettsäurekondensate, letztere vorzugsweise auf Basis von Weizenproteinen.Typical examples of suitable mild, i.e. particularly skin-compatible surfactants are fatty alcohol polyglycolethersulfate, monoglyceride sulfates, mono- and / or dialkyl sulfosuccinates, Fettsäureise- thionate acid taurides, fatty acid glutamates, ether carboxylic acids, Alkyloli- oligoglucosides, fatty acid glucamides, alkylamidobetaines and / or protein fatty acid condensates, the latter preferably based on wheat proteins.
Als Ölkörper kommen beispielsweise Guerbetalkohole auf Basis von Fettalkoholen mit 6 bis 18, vorzugsweise 8 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatomen, Ester von linearen C-6-C22-Fettsäuren mit linearen CΘ- C22-Fettalkoholen, Ester von verzweigten C6-Ci3-Carbonsäuren mit linearen C6-C22-Fettalkoholen, Ester von linearen Cβ-C∑∑-Fettsäuren mit verzweigten Alkoholen, insbesondere 2-Ethylhexanol, Ester von Hydroxycarbonsäuren mit linearen oder verzweigten Cδ-C∑∑-Fettalkoholen, insbesondere Dioctyl Malate, Ester von linearen und/oder verzweigten Fettsäuren mit mehrwertigen Alkoholen (wie z.B. Propylenglycol, Dimerdiol oder Trimertriol) und/oder Guerbetalkoholen, Triglyceride auf Basis Cε-Cio-Fettsäuren, flüssige Mono-/Di-/Triglyceridmischungen auf Basis von Cβ-Ciβ- Fettsäuren, Ester von C6-C22-Fettalkoholen und/oder Guerbetalkoholen mit aromatischen Carbonsäuren, insbesondere Benzoesäure, Ester von C∑-Ci∑-Dicarbonsäuren mit linearen oder verzweig- ten Alkoholen mit 1 bis 22 Kohienstoffatomen oder Polyolen mit 2 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatomen und 2 bis 6 Hydroxylgruppen, pflanzliche Öle, verzweigte primäre Alkohole, substituierte Cyclohexane, lineare und verzweigte Cβ-C∑∑-Fettalkoholcarbonate, Guerbetcarbonate, Ester der Benzoesäure mit linearen und/oder verzweigten C6-C22-Alkoholen (z.B. Finsolv® TN), lineare oder verzweigte, symmetrische oder unsymmetrische Dialkylether mit 6 bis 22 Kohlenstoffatomen pro Alkylgruppe, Ringöffnungsprodukte von epoxidierten Fettsäureestern mit Polyolen, Siliconöle und/oder aliphati- sche bzw. naphthenische Kohlenwasserstoffe in Betracht. Diese Ölkörper können auch schon bei der Herstellung der Nanoteilchen eingesetzt werden und dann als Medium dienen, in welches die fluiden Lösungen entspannt werden.Guerbet alcohols based on fatty alcohols with 6 to 18, preferably 8 to 10 carbon atoms, esters of linear C-6-C22 fatty acids with linear CΘ- C22 fatty alcohols, esters of branched C6-Ci3-carboxylic acids with linear C6- C22 fatty alcohols, esters of linear Cβ-C∑∑ fatty acids with branched alcohols, in particular 2-ethylhexanol, esters of hydroxycarboxylic acids with linear or branched Cδ-C∑∑ fatty alcohols, especially dioctyl malates, esters of linear and / or branched fatty acids with polyhydric alcohols (such as propylene glycol, dimer diol or trimer triol) and / or Guerbet alcohols, triglycerides based on Cε-Cio fatty acids, liquid mono- / di- / triglyceride mixtures based on Cβ-Ciβ fatty acids, esters of C6-C22 fatty alcohols and / or Guerbet alcohols with aromatic carboxylic acids, especially benzoic acid, esters of C∑-Ci∑-dicarboxylic acids with linear or branched ten alcohols with 1 to 22 carbon atoms or polyols with 2 to 10 carbon atoms and 2 to 6 hydroxyl groups, vegetable oils, branched primary alcohols, substituted cyclohexanes, linear and branched Cβ-C∑∑ fatty alcohol carbonates, Guerbet carbonates, esters of benzoic acid with linear and / or branched C6-C22 alcohols (eg Finsolv® TN), linear or branched, symmetrical or unsymmetrical dialkyl ethers with 6 to 22 carbon atoms per alkyl group, ring opening products of epoxidized fatty acid esters with polyols, silicone oils and / or aliphatic or naphthenic hydrocarbons . These oil bodies can also be used in the manufacture of the nanoparticles and then serve as a medium in which the fluid solutions are expanded.
Als Emulgatoren kommen beispielsweise nichtionogene Tenside aus mindestens einer der folgenden Gruppen in Frage:Examples of suitable emulsifiers are nonionic surfactants from at least one of the following groups:
(1) Anlagerungsprodukte von 2 bis 30 Mol Ethylenoxid und/ oder 0 bis 5 Mol Propylenoxid an lineare Fettalkohole mit 8 bis 22 C-Atomen, an Fettsäuren mit 12 bis 22 C-Atomen und an Alkylphenole mit 8 bis 15 C-Atomen in der Alkylgruppe, wie z.B. Ceteareth-20, Ceteareth-12 oder Ceteareth-20;(1) Adducts of 2 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide and / or 0 to 5 moles of propylene oxide with linear fatty alcohols with 8 to 22 C atoms, with fatty acids with 12 to 22 C atoms and with alkylphenols with 8 to 15 C atoms in the Alkyl group, such as Ceteareth-20, ceteareth-12 or ceteareth-20;
(2) Ci2/i8-Fettsäuremono- und -diester von Anlagerungsprodukten von 1 bis 30 Mol Ethylenoxid an Glycerin;(2) Ci2 / i8 fatty acid monoesters and diesters of adducts of 1 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide with glycerol;
(3) Glycerinmono- und -diester und Sorbitanmono- und -diester von gesättigten und ungesättigten Fettsäuren mit 6 bis 22 Kohlenstoffatomen und deren Ethylenoxidanlagerungsprodukte, wie z.B. Glyceryl Stearate, Glyceryl Isostearate, Glyceryl Oleate, Sorbitan Oleate oder Sor- bitan Sesquioleate;(3) glycerol monoesters and diesters and sorbitan monoesters and diesters of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids having 6 to 22 carbon atoms and their ethylene oxide addition products, such as e.g. Glyceryl stearate, glyceryl isostearate, glyceryl oleate, sorbitan oleate or sorbitan sesquioleate;
(4) Alkylmono- und -oligoglycoside mit 8 bis 22 Kohlenstoffatomen im Alkylrest und deren ethoxylierte Analoga;(4) alkyl mono- and oligoglycosides with 8 to 22 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical and their ethoxylated analogs;
(5) Anlagerungsprodukte von 15 bis 60 Mol Ethylenoxid an Ricinusöi und/oder gehärtetes Ricinusöl;(5) adducts of 15 to 60 moles of ethylene oxide with castor oil and / or hardened castor oil;
(6) Polyol- und insbesondere Polyglycerinester, wie z.B. Diisostearoyl Polyglyceryl-3 Diisostea- rate, Polyglyceryl-3 Diisostearate, Triglyceryl Diisostearate, Polyglyceryl-2 Sesquiisostearate oder Polyglyceryl Dimerate. Ebenfalls geeignet sind Gemische von Verbindungen aus mehreren dieser Substanzklassen;(6) polyol and especially polyglycerol esters such as e.g. Diisostearoyl polyglyceryl-3 diisostearate, polyglyceryl-3 diisostearate, triglyceryl diisostearate, polyglyceryl-2 sesquiisostearate or polyglyceryl dimerate. Mixtures of compounds from several of these classes of substances are also suitable;
(7) Anlagerungsprodukte von 2 bis 15 Mol Ethylenoxid an Ricinusöl und/oder gehärtetes Ricinusöl;(7) adducts of 2 to 15 moles of ethylene oxide with castor oil and / or hardened castor oil;
(8) Partialester auf Basis linearer, verzweigter, ungesättigter bzw. gesättigter C6/22-Fettsäuren, Ricinolsäure sowie 12-Hydroxystearinsäure und Glycerin, Polyglycerin, Pentaerythrit, Di- pentaerythrit, Zuckeralkohole (z.B. Sorbit), Alkylglucoside (z.B. Methylglucosid, Butylgluco- sid, Laurylglucosid) sowie Polyglucoside (z.B. Cellulose), wie z.B. Polyglyceryl-2 Dihydroxy- stearate oder Polyglyceryl-2 Diricinoleate;(8) partial esters based on linear, branched, unsaturated or saturated C6 / 22 fatty acids, ricinoleic acid and 12-hydroxystearic acid and glycerol, polyglycerol, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, sugar alcohols (eg sorbitol), alkyl glucosides (eg methyl glucoside, butyl glucoside sid, lauryl glucoside) and polyglucosides (eg cellulose), such as polyglyceryl-2 dihydroxy stearates or polyglyceryl-2 diricinoleates;
(9) Mono-, Di- und Trialkylphosphate sowie Mono-, Di- und/oder Tri-PEG-alkylphosphate und deren Salze;(9) mono-, di- and trialkyl phosphates and mono-, di- and / or tri-PEG-alkyl phosphates and their salts;
(10) Wollwachsalkohole;(10) wool wax alcohols;
(11) Polysiioxan-Polyalkyl-Polyether-Copolymere bzw. entsprechende Derivate, wie z.B. Cetyl Dimethicone Copolyol;(11) Polysiioxane-polyalkyl-polyether copolymers or corresponding derivatives, such as e.g. Cetyl dimethicone copolyol;
(12) Mischester aus Pentaerythrit, Fettsäuren, Citronens ure und Fettalkohol gemäß DE-PS 1165574 und/oder Mischester von Fettsäuren mit 6 bis 22 Kohlenstoffatomen, Methylglucose und Polyolen, vorzugsweise Glycerin oder Polyglycerin, wie z.B. Polyglyceryl-3 Glucose Di- stearate, Polyglyceryl-3 Glucose Dioleate, Methyl Glucose Dioleate oder Dicocoyl Pentae- rythryl Distearyl Citrate sowie(12) Mixed esters of pentaerythritol, fatty acids, citric acid and fatty alcohol according to DE-PS 1165574 and / or mixed esters of fatty acids with 6 to 22 carbon atoms, methyl glucose and polyols, preferably glycerol or polyglycerol, such as e.g. Polyglyceryl-3 glucose distearates, polyglyceryl-3 glucose dioleates, methyl glucose dioleates or dicocoyl pentaerythryl distearyl citrate and
(13) Polyalkylenglycole.(13) Polyalkylene glycols.
Die Anlagerungsprodukte von Ethylenoxid und/oder von Propylenoxid an Fettalkohole, Fettsäuren, Alkylphenole, Glycerinmono- und -diester sowie Sorbitanmono- und -diester von Fettsäuren oder an Ricinusöl stellen bekannte, im Handel erhältliche Produkte dar. Es handelt sich dabei um Homologengemische, deren mittlerer Alkoxyiierungsgrad dem Verhältnis der Stoffmengen von Ethylenoxid und/ oder Propylenoxid und Substrat, mit denen die Anlagerungsreaktion durchgeführt wird, entspricht. Ci2/i8-Fettsäuremono- und -diester von Anlagerungsprodukten von Ethylenoxid an Glycerin sind aus DE-PS 2024051 als Rückfettungsmittel für kosmetische Zubereitungen bekannt.The adducts of ethylene oxide and / or of propylene oxide with fatty alcohols, fatty acids, alkylphenols, glycerol mono- and diesters as well as sorbitan mono- and diesters of fatty acids or with castor oil are known, commercially available products. These are homolog mixtures, the middle of which Degree of alkoxylation corresponds to the ratio of the amounts of ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide and substrate with which the addition reaction is carried out. Ci2 / i8 fatty acid monoesters and diesters of adducts of ethylene oxide with glycerol are known from DE-PS 2024051 as refatting agents for cosmetic preparations.
Cs/iβ-Alkylmono- und -oligoglycoside, ihre Herstellung und ihre Verwendung sind aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt. Ihre Herstellung erfolgt insbesondere durch Umsetzung von Glucose oder Oligosacchariden mit primären Alkoholen mit 8 bis 18 C-Atomen. Bezüglich des Glycosidrestes gilt, daß sowohl Monoglycoside, bei denen ein cyclischer Zuckerrest glycosidisch an den Fettalkohol gebunden ist, als auch oligomere Glycoside mit einem Oligomerisationsgrad bis vorzugsweise etwa 8 geeignet sind. Der Oligomerisierungsgrad ist dabei ein statistischer Mittelwert, dem eine für solche technischen Produkte übliche Homologenverteiiung zugrunde liegt.Cs / iβ alkyl mono- and oligoglycosides, their preparation and their use are known from the prior art. They are produced in particular by reacting glucose or oligosaccharides with primary alcohols with 8 to 18 carbon atoms. Regarding the glycoside residue, both monoglycosides in which a cyclic sugar residue is glycosidically bonded to the fatty alcohol and oligomeric glycosides with a degree of oligomerization of up to about 8 are suitable. The degree of oligomerization is a statistical mean value which is based on a homolog distribution customary for such technical products.
Weiterhin können als Emulgatoren zwitterionische Tenside verwendet werden. Als zwitterionische Tenside werden solche oberflächenaktiven Verbindungen bezeichnet, die im Molekül mindestens eine quartäre Ammoniumgruppe und mindestens eine Carboxylat- und eine Sulfonatgruppe tragen. Besonders geeignete zwitterionische Tenside sind die sogenannten Betaine wie die N-Alkyl-N,N- dimethylammoniumglycinate, beispielsweise das Kokosalkyldimethylammoniumglycinat, N-Acyl- aminopropyl-N,N-dimethylammoniumglycinate, beispielsweise das Kokosacylaminopropyldimethyl- ammoniumglycinat, und 2-Alkyl-3-carboxylmethyl-3-hydroxyethylimidazoline mit jeweils 8 bis 18 C- Atomen in der Alkyl- oder Acylgruppe sowie das Kokosacylaminoethylhydroxyethylcarboxymethyl- glycinat. Besonders bevorzugt ist das unter der CTFA-Bezeichnung Cocamidopropyl Betaine bekannte Fettsäureamid-Derivat. Ebenfalls geeignete Emulgatoren sind ampholytische Tenside. Unter ampholytischen Tensiden werden solche oberflächenaktiven Verbindungen verstanden, die außer einer Cβπβ-Alkyl- oder -Acylgruppe im Molekül mindestens eine freie Aminogruppe und mindestens eine -COOH- oder -Sθ3H-Gruppe enthalten und zur Ausbildung innerer Salze befähigt sind. Beispiele für geeignete ampholytische Tenside sind N-Alkylglycine, N-Alkylpropionsäuren, N- Alkylaminobuttersäuren, N-Alkyliminodipropionsäuren, N-Hydroxyethyl-N-alkylamidopropylglycine, N-Alkyltaurine, N-Alkylsarcosine, 2-Alkylaminopropionsäuren und Alkylaminoessigsäuren mit jeweils etwa 8 bis 18 C-Atomen in der Alkylgruppe. Besonders bevorzugte ampholytische Tenside sind das N-Kokosalkylaminopropionat, das Kokosacylaminoethylaminopropionat und das C12/18- Acylsarcosin. Neben den ampholytischen kommen auch quartäre Emulgatoren in Betracht, wobei solche vom Typ der Esterquats, vorzugsweise methylquaternierte Difettsäuretriethanolaminester- Salze, besonders bevorzugt sind.Zwitterionic surfactants can also be used as emulsifiers. Zwitterionic surfactants are surface-active compounds that contain at least one quaternary ammonium group and at least one carboxylate and one sulfonate group in the molecule. Particularly suitable zwitterionic surfactants are the so-called betaines such as the N-alkyl-N, N-dimethylammonium glycinate, for example coconut alkyldimethylammonium glycinate, N-acylaminopropyl-N, N-dimethylammonium glycinate, for example coconut acylaminopropyldimethyl ammonium glycinate, and 2-alkyl-3-carboxylmethyl-3-hydroxyethylimidazolines each having 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl or acyl group and the cocoacylaminoethylhydroxyethylcarboxymethylglycinate. The fatty acid amide derivative known under the CTFA name of Cocamidopropyl Betaine is particularly preferred. Suitable emulsifiers are ampholytic surfactants. Ampholytic surfactants are surface-active compounds which, in addition to a Cβπβ alkyl or acyl group, contain at least one free amino group and at least one -COOH or -Sθ3H group in the molecule and are capable of forming internal salts. Examples of suitable ampholytic surfactants are N-alkylglycines, N-alkylpropionic acids, N-alkylaminobutyric acids, N-alkyliminodipropionic acids, N-hydroxyethyl-N-alkylamidopropylglycines, N-alkyltaurines, N-alkylsarcosines, 2-alkylaminopropionic acids and alkylaminoacetic acids each with about 8 to 18 C. Atoms in the alkyl group. Particularly preferred ampholytic surfactants are N-cocoalkylaminopropionate, cocoacylaminoethylaminopropionate and C12 / 18-acylsarcosine. In addition to the ampholytic emulsifiers, quaternary emulsifiers are also suitable, those of the esterquat type, preferably methylquaternized difatty acid triethanolamine ester salts, being particularly preferred.
Als Überfettungsmittel können Substanzen wie beispielsweise Lanolin und Lecithin sowie polye- thoxylierte oder acylierte Lanolin- und Lecithinderivate, Polyolfettsäureester, Monoglyceride und Fettsäurealkanolamide verwendet werden, wobei die letzteren gleichzeitig als Schaumstabilisatoren dienen.Substances such as, for example, lanolin and lecithin and polyethoxylated or acylated lanolin and lecithin derivatives, polyol fatty acid esters, monoglycerides and fatty acid alkanolamides can be used as superfatting agents, the latter simultaneously serving as foam stabilizers.
Als Perlglanzwachse kommen beispielsweise in Frage: Alkylenglycolester, speziell Ethylenglycol- distearat; Fettsäurealkanolamide, speziell Kokosfettsäurediethanolamid; Partialglyceride, speziell Stearinsäuremonoglycerid; Ester von mehrwertigen, gegebenenfalls h yd roxysu bstituierte Carbonsäuren mit Fettalkoholen mit 6 bis 22 Kohlenstoffatomen, speziell langkettige Ester der Weinsäure; Fettstoffe, wie beispielsweise Fettalkohole, Fettketone, Fettaldehyde, Fettether und Fettcarbonate, die in Summe mindestens 24 Kohlenstoffatome aufweisen, speziell Lauron und Distearylether; Fettsäuren wie Stearinsäure, Hydroxystearinsäure oder Behensäure, Ringöffnungsprodukte von Olefmepoxiden mit 12 bis 22 Kohienstoffatomen mit Fettalkoholen mit 12 bis 22 Kohlenstoffatomen und/oder Polyolen mit 2 bis 15 Kohlenstoffatomen und 2 bis 10 Hydroxylgruppen sowie deren Mischungen.Pearlescent waxes, for example, are: alkylene glycol esters, especially ethylene glycol distearate; Fatty acid alkanolamides, especially coconut fatty acid diethanolamide; Partial glycerides, especially stearic acid monoglyceride; Esters of polyvalent, optionally h yd roxysubstituted carboxylic acids with fatty alcohols having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, especially long-chain esters of tartaric acid; Fatty substances, such as, for example, fatty alcohols, fatty ketones, fatty aldehydes, fatty ethers and fatty carbonates, which have a total of at least 24 carbon atoms, especially lauron and distearyl ether; Fatty acids such as stearic acid, hydroxystearic acid or behenic acid, ring opening products of olefin epoxides with 12 to 22 carbon atoms with fatty alcohols with 12 to 22 carbon atoms and / or polyols with 2 to 15 carbon atoms and 2 to 10 hydroxyl groups and mixtures thereof.
Als Konsistenzgeber kommen in erster Linie Fettalkohole oder Hydroxyfettalkohole mit 12 bis 22 und vorzugsweise 16 bis 18 Kohlenstoffatomen und daneben Partialglyceride, Fettsäuren oder Hydroxyfettsäuren in Betracht. Bevorzugt ist eine Kombination dieser Stoffe mit Alkyloligoglucosi- den und/oder Fettsäure-N-methylglucamiden gleicher Kettenlänge und/oder Polyglycerinpoiy-12- hydroxystearaten. Geeignete Verdickungsmittel sind beispielsweise Polysaccharide, insbesondere Xanthan-Gum, Guar-Guar, Agar-Agar, Alginate und Tylosen, Carboxymethylcellulose und Hy- droxyethylcellulose, femer höhermolekulare Polyethylenglycolmono- und -diester von Fettsäuren, Polyacrylate, (z.B. Carbopole® von Goodrich oder Synthalene® von Sigma), Polyacrylamide, Po- lyvinylalkohol und Polyvinylpyrrolidon, Tenside wie beispielsweise ethoxylierte Fettsäuregiyceride, Ester von Fettsäuren mit Polyolen wie beispielsweise Pentaerythrit oder Trimethylolpropan, Fettal- koholethoxylate mit eingeengter Homologenverteilung oder Alkyloligoglucoside sowie Elektrolyte wie Kochsalz und Ammoniumchlorid.Suitable consistency agents are primarily fatty alcohols or hydroxy fatty alcohols with 12 to 22 and preferably 16 to 18 carbon atoms and, in addition, partial glycerides, fatty acids or hydroxy fatty acids. A combination of these substances with alkyl oligoglucosides and / or fatty acid N-methylglucamides of the same chain length and / or polyglycerol poly-12- is preferred. hydroxystearates. Suitable thickeners are, for example, polysaccharides, in particular xanthan gum, guar guar, agar agar, alginates and tyloses, carboxymethyl cellulose and hydroxyethyl cellulose, furthermore higher molecular weight polyethylene glycol mono- and diesters of fatty acids, polyacrylates, (for example Carbopole® from Goodrich or Synthalene® from Sigma), polyacrylamides, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl pyrrolidone, surfactants such as, for example, ethoxylated fatty acid glycerides, esters of fatty acids with polyols such as, for example, pentaerythritol or trimethylol propane, fatty alcohol ethoxylates with a narrow homolog distribution or alkyl oligoglucosides, and electrolytes such as sodium chloride and ammonium chloride.
Geeignete kationische Polymere sind beispielsweise kationische Cellulosederivate, wie z.B. eine quatemierte Hydroxyethylcellulose, die unter der Bezeichnung Polymer JR 400® von Amerchol erhältlich ist, kationische Stärke, Copolymere von Diallylammoniumsalzen und Acrylamiden, quatemierte Vinylpyrrolidon/Vinylimidazol-Polymere, wie z.B. Luviquat® (BASF), Kondensationsprodukte von Polyglycolen und Aminen, quatemierte Kollagenpolypeptide, wie beispielsweise Lauryl- dimonium hydroxypropyl hydrolyzed collagen (Lamequat®IJGrünau), quatemierte Weizenpolypep- tide, Polyethylenimin, kationische Siiiconpolymere, wie z.B. Amidomethicone, Copolymere der Adi- pinsäure und Dimethylaminohydroxypropyldiethylentriamin (Cartaretine®/Sandoz), Copolymere der Acryisäure mit Dimethyldiallylammoniumchlorid (Merquat® 550/Chemviron), Polyaminopolya- mide, wie z.B. beschrieben in der FR-A 2252840 sowie deren vernetzte wasserlöslichen Polymere, kationische Chitinderivate wie beispielsweise quaterniertes Chitosan, gegebenenfalls mikrokristallin verteilt, Kondensationsprodukte aus Dihalogenalkylen, wie z.B. Dibrombutan mit Bisdialkylaminen, wie z.B. Bis-Dimethylamino-1 ,3-propan, kationischer Guar-Gum, wie z.B. Jaguar® CBS, Jaguar® C-17, Jaguar® C-16 der Firma Celanese, quatemierte Ammoniumsalz-Polymere, wie z.B. Mirapol® A-15, Mirapol® AD-1, Mirapol® AZ-1 der Firma Miranol.Suitable cationic polymers are, for example, cationic cellulose derivatives, e.g. a quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose available under the name Polymer JR 400® from Amerchol, cationic starch, copolymers of diallylammonium salts and acrylamides, quaternized vinylpyrrolidone / vinylimidazole polymers such as e.g. Luviquat® (BASF), condensation products of polyglycols and amines, quaternized collagen polypeptides, such as, for example, lauryldimonium hydroxypropyl hydrolyzed collagen (Lamequat®IJGrünau), quaternized wheat polypeptides, polyethyleneimine, cationic silicon polymers, e.g. Amidomethicones, copolymers of adipic acid and dimethylaminohydroxypropyldiethylenetriamine (Cartaretine® / Sandoz), copolymers of acrylic acid with dimethyldiallylammonium chloride (Merquat® 550 / Chemviron), polyaminopolyamides, e.g. described in FR-A 2252840 and its crosslinked water-soluble polymers, cationic chitin derivatives such as quaternized chitosan, optionally microcrystalline, condensation products of dihaloalkylene, such as e.g. Dibromobutane with bisdialkylamines, e.g. Bis-dimethylamino-1, 3-propane, cationic guar gum, e.g. Jaguar® CBS, Jaguar® C-17, Jaguar® C-16 from Celanese, quaternized ammonium salt polymers, e.g. Mirapol® A-15, Mirapol® AD-1, Mirapol® AZ-1 from Miranol.
Als anionische, zwitterionische, amphotere und nichtionische Polymere kommen beispielsweise Vinylacetat/Crotonsäure-Copolymere, Vinylpyrroiidon/Vinylacrylat-Copolymere, Vinyiace- tat/Butylmaleat/ Isobomylacrylat-Copolymere, Methylvinylether/Maleinsäureanhydrid-Copolymere und deren Ester, un vernetzte und mit Polyolen vernetzte Polyacrylsäuren, Acrylamidopropyl- trimethylammoniumchlorid/Acrylat-Copolymere, Octylacrylamid/Methylmethacrylat/tert Butylami- noethylmethacrylat/2-Hydroxypropylmethacrylat-Copolymere, Polyvinylpyrrolidon, Vinylpyrrolid- on/Vinylacetat-Copolymere, Vinyipyrrolidon/Dimethylaminoethylmethacrylat/Vinylcaprolactam-Ter- polymere sowie gegebenenfalls derivatisierte Celluloseether und Silicone in Frage.Anionic, zwitterionic, amphoteric and nonionic polymers include, for example, vinyl acetate / crotonic acid copolymers, vinylpyrroiidone / vinyl acrylate copolymers, vinyl acetate / butyl maleate / isobomylacrylate copolymers, methyl vinyl ether / maleic anhydride copolymers and polyesters and their esters, non-crosslinked Acrylamidopropyl- trimethylammonium chloride / acrylate copolymers, octylacrylamide / methyl methacrylate / tert butylaminoethyl noethylmethacrylat / 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate copolymers, polyvinylpyrrolidone, Vinylpyrrolid- on / vinyl acetate copolymers, Vinyipyrrolidon / dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate / vinyl caprolactam terpolymers and optionally derivatized cellulose ethers and silicones .
Geeignete Siliconverbindungen sind beispielsweise Dimethylpolysiloxane, Methylphenylpolysi- loxane, cyclische Silicone sowie amino-, fettsäure-, alkohol-, polyether-, epoxy-, fluor-, glykosid- und/oder aikylmodifizierte Siliconverbindungen, die bei Raumtemperatur sowohl flüssig als auch harzförmig vorliegen können. Eine detaillierte Übersicht über geeignete flüchtige Silicone findet sich zudem von Todd et al. in Cosm.Toil. 91, 27 (1976).Suitable silicone compounds are, for example, dimethylpolysiloxanes, methylphenylpolysiloxanes, cyclic silicones and amino, fatty acid, alcohol, polyether, epoxy, fluorine, glycoside and / or aikyl modified silicone compounds, which can be both liquid and resinous at room temperature. A detailed overview of suitable volatile silicones can also be found by Todd et al. in Cosm.Toil. 91, 27 (1976).
Typische Beispiele für Fette sind Glyceride, als Wachse kommen u.a. Bienenwachs, Carnauba- wachs, Candelillawachs, Montanwachs, Paraffinwachs, hydriertes Ricinusöle, bei Raumtemperatur feste Fettsäureester oder Mikrowachse gegebenenfalls in Kombination mit hydrophilen Wachsen, z.B. Cetylstearyialkohol oder Partialglyceriden in Frage. Als Stabilisatoren können Metallsalze von Fettsäuren, wie z.B. Lithium-, Calcium-, Magnesium-, Aluminium- und/oder Zinkstearat bzw. - ricinoleat eingesetzt werden.Typical examples of fats are glycerides, waxes include Beeswax, carnauba wax, candelilla wax, montan wax, paraffin wax, hydrogenated castor oils, fatty acid esters or micro waxes solid at room temperature, optionally in combination with hydrophilic waxes, e.g. Cetylstearyl alcohol or partial glycerides in question. Metal salts of fatty acids, such as e.g. Lithium, calcium, magnesium, aluminum and / or zinc stearate or ricinoleate can be used.
Unter biogenen Wirkstoffen sind beispielsweise Tocopherol, Tocopherolacetat, Tocopherolpal- mitat, Ascorbinsäure, Desoxyribonucleinsäure, Retinol, Bisabolol, Allantoin, Phytantriol, Panthenol, AHA-Säuren, Aminosäuren, Ceramide, Pseudoceramide, essentielle Öle, Pflanzenextrakte und Vitaminkomplexe zu verstehen.Biogenic active substances are, for example, tocopherol, tocopherol acetate, tocopherol palmitate, ascorbic acid, deoxyribonucleic acid, retinol, bisabolol, allantoin, phytantriol, panthenol, AHA acids, amino acids, ceramides, pseudoceramides, essential oils, plant extracts and vitamin complexes.
Als Deowirkstoffe kommen z.B. Antiperspirantien wie etwa Aluminiumchlorhydrate in Frage. Hierbei handelt es sich um farblose, hygroskopische Kristalle, die an der Luft leicht zerfließen und beim Eindampfen wäßriger Aluminiumchloridlösungen anfallen. Aluminiumchlorhydrat wird zur Herstellung von schweißhemmenden und desodorierenden Zubereitungen eingesetzt und wirkt wahrscheinlich über den partiellen Verschluß der Schweißdrüsen durch Eiweiß- und/oder Polysaccha- ridfällung [vgl. J.Soc.Cosm.Chem. 24, 281 (1973)]. Unter der Marke Locron® der Hoechst AG, Frankfurt/FRG, befindet beispielsweise sich ein Aluminiumchlorhydrat im Handel, das der Formel [Al2(OH)5θ]*2,5 H∑O entspricht und dessen Einsatz besonders bevorzugt ist [vgl. J.Pharm.Pharmacol. 26, 531 (1975)]. Neben den Chlorhydraten können auch Aluminiumhydroxy- lactate sowie saure Aluminium/Zirkoniumsalze eingesetzt werden. Als weitere Deowirkstoffe können Esteraseinhibitoren zugesetzt werden. Hierbei handelt es sich vorzugsweise um Trialkylcitrate wie Trimethylcitrat, Tripropylcitrat, Triisopropylcitrat, Tributylcitrat und insbesondere Triethylcitrat (Hydagen® CAT, Henkel KGaA, Düsseldorf/FRG). Die Stoffe inhibieren die Enzymaktivität und reduzieren dadurch die Geruchsbiidung. Wahrscheinlich wird dabei durch die Spaltung des Citro- nensäureesters die freie Säure freigesetzt, die den pH-Wert auf der Haut soweit absenkt, daß dadurch die Enzyme inhibiert werden. Weitere Stoffe, die als Esteraseinhibitoren in Betracht kommen, sind Dicarbonsäuren und deren Ester, wie beispielsweise Glutarsäure, Glutarsäuremonoethylester, Glutarsäurediethylester, Adipinsäure, Adipinsäuremonoethylester, Adipinsäurediethylester, Malon- säure und Malonsäurediethylester, Hydroxycarbnonsäuren und deren Ester wie beispielsweise Citronensaure, Äpfelsäure, Weinsäure oder Weinsäurediethylester. Antibakterielle Wirkstoffe, die die Keimflora beeinflussen und schweißzersetzende Bakterien abtöten bzw. in ihrem Wachstum hemmen, können ebenfalls in den Stiftzubereitungen enthalten sein. Beispiele hierfür sind Chito- san, Phenoxyethanol und Chlorhexidingluconat. Besonders wirkungsvoll hat sich auch 5-Chlor-2- (2,4-dichlorphen-oxy)-phenol erwiesen, das unter der Marke Irgasan® von der Ciba-Geigy, Ba- sel/CH vertrieben wird.Antiperspirants such as aluminum chlorohydrates are suitable as deodorant active ingredients. These are colorless, hygroscopic crystals that easily dissolve in the air and arise when aqueous aluminum chloride solutions are evaporated. Aluminum chlorohydrate is used in the manufacture of antiperspirant and deodorant preparations and is likely to act by partially occluding the sweat glands through protein and / or polysaccharide precipitation [cf. J.Soc.Cosm.Chem. 24, 281 (1973)]. For example, there is an aluminum chlorohydrate commercially available under the brand Locron® from Hoechst AG, Frankfurt / FRG, which corresponds to the formula [Al2 (OH) 5θ] * 2.5 H∑O and whose use is particularly preferred [cf. J.Pharm.Pharmacol. 26, 531 (1975)]. In addition to the chlorohydrates, aluminum hydroxy lactates and acidic aluminum / zirconium salts can also be used. Esterase inhibitors can be added as further deodorant active ingredients. These are preferably trialkyl citrates such as trimethyl citrate, tripropyl citrate, triisopropyl citrate, tributyl citrate and in particular triethyl citrate (Hydagen® CAT, Henkel KGaA, Düsseldorf / FRG). The substances inhibit enzyme activity and thereby reduce odor formation. The cleavage of the citric acid ester probably releases the free acid, which lowers the pH on the skin to such an extent that the enzymes are inhibited. Further substances which can be considered as esterase inhibitors are dicarboxylic acids and their esters, such as, for example, glutaric acid, glutaric acid monoethyl ester, glutaric acid diethyl ester, adipic acid, adipic acid monoethyl ester, adipic acid diethyl ester, malonic acid and malonic acid diethyl acid and their acid, hydroxycarboxylic acid diethyl acid, hydroxycarboxylic acid diethyl acid, and their carboxylate, such as hydroxycarboxylic acid diethyl ester, hydroxycarboxylic acid diethyl acid, and their carboxylic acid, such as hydroxycarboxylic acid, citric acid, for example, Antibacterial agents that The stick preparations can also influence the microbial flora and kill sweat-decomposing bacteria or inhibit their growth. Examples include chitosan, phenoxyethanol and chlorhexidine gluconate. 5-Chloro-2- (2,4-dichlorophen-oxy) phenol, which is sold under the Irgasan® brand by Ciba-Geigy, Basel / CH, has also proven to be particularly effective.
Als Antischuppenmittel können Climbazol, Octopirox und Zinkpyrethion eingesetzt werden. Gebräuchliche Fiimbildner sind beispielsweise Chitosan, mikrokristallines Chitosan, quatemiertes Chitosan, Polyvinylpyrrolidon, Vinyipyrrolidon-Vinylacetat-Copolymerisate, Polymere der Acrylsäu- rereihe, quaternäre Cellulose-Derivate, Kollagen, Hyaluronsäure bzw. deren Salze und ähnliche Verbindungen. Als Quellmittel für wäßrige Phasen können Montmorilionite, Clay Mineralstoffe, Pemulen sowie aikylmodifizierte Carbopoltypen (Goodrich) dienen. Weitere geeignete Polymere bzw. Quellmittel können der Übersicht von R.Lochhead in Cosm.Toil. 108, 95 (1993) entnommen werden.Climbazole, octopirox and zinc pyrethione can be used as antidandruff agents. Common film formers are, for example, chitosan, microcrystalline chitosan, quaternized chitosan, polyvinylpyrrolidone, vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymers, polymers of the acrylic acid series, quaternary cellulose derivatives, collagen, hyaluronic acid or its salts and similar compounds. Montmorilionite, clay minerals, pemulene and aikyl-modified carbopol types (Goodrich) can serve as swelling agents for aqueous phases. Further suitable polymers or swelling agents can be found in the overview by R. Lochhead in Cosm.Toil. 108, 95 (1993).
Neben den genannten löslichen organischen Lichtschutzfiltern kommen für diesen Zweck auch unlösliche anorganische Lichtschutzpigmente, nämlich feindisperse Metalloxide bzw. Salze in Frage, wie beispielsweise Titandioxid, Zinkoxid, Eisenoxid, Aluminiumoxid, Ceroxid, Zirkoniumoxid, Silicate (Talk), Bariumsulfat und Zinkstearat. Die Partikel sollten dabei einen mittleren Durchmesser von weniger als 100 nm, vorzugsweise zwischen 5 und 50 nm und insbesondere zwischen 15 und 30 nm aufweisen. Sie können eine sphärische Form aufweisen, es können jedoch auch solche Partikel zum Einsatz kommen, die eine ellipsoide oder in sonstiger Weise von der sphärischen Gestalt abweichende Form besitzen.In addition to the soluble organic light protection filters mentioned, insoluble inorganic light protection pigments, namely finely dispersed metal oxides or salts, such as, for example, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, iron oxide, aluminum oxide, cerium oxide, zirconium oxide, silicates (talc), barium sulfate and zinc stearate are also suitable for this purpose. The particles should have an average diameter of less than 100 nm, preferably between 5 and 50 nm and in particular between 15 and 30 nm. They can have a spherical shape, but it is also possible to use particles which have an ellipsoidal shape or shape which differs from the spherical shape in some other way.
Neben den beiden vorgenannten Gruppen primärer Lichtschutzstoffe können auch sekundäre Lichtschutzmittel vom Typ der Antioxidantien eingesetzt werden, die die photochemische Reaktionskette unterbrechen, welche ausgelöst wird, wenn UV-Strahlung in die Haut eindringt. Typische Beispiele hierfür sind Aminosäuren (z.B. Glycin, Histidin, Tyrosin, Tryptophan) und deren Derivate, Imidazole (z.B. Urocaninsäure) und deren Derivate, Peptide wie D,L-Camosin, D-Camosin, L- Camosin und deren Derivate (z.B. Anserin), Carotinoide, Carotine (z.B. α-Carotin, ß-Carotin, Lyco- pin) und deren Derivate, Chlorogensäure und deren Derivate, Liponsäure und deren Derivate (z.B. Dihydroliponsäure), Aurothioglucose, Propylthiouracil und andere Thiole (z.B. Thioredoxin, Glutathion, Cystein, Cystin, Cystamin und deren Glycosyl-, N-Acetyl-, Methyl-, Ethyl-, Propyl-, Amyl-, Butyl- und Lauryl-, Palmitoyl-, Oleyl-, γ-Linoleyl-, Cholesteryl- und Glyceryiester ) sowie deren Salze, Dilaurylthiodipropionat, Distearyl-thiodipropionat, Thiodipropionsäure und deren Derivate (Ester, Ether, Peptide, Lipide, Nukleotide, Nukleoside und Salze) sowie Sulfoximinverbindungen (z.B. Buthioninsulfoximine, Homocysteinsulfoximin, Butioninsulfone, Penta-, Hexa-, Heptathionin- sulfoximin) in sehr geringen verträglichen Dosierungen (z.B. pmol bis μmol/kg), femer (Metall)- Chelatoren (z.B. α-Hydroxyfettsäuren, Palmitinsaure, Phytinsäure, Lactoferrin), α-Hydroxysäuren (z.B. Citronensaure, Milchsäure, Apfelsäure), Huminsäure, Gallensäure, Gallenextrakte, Bilirubin, Biliverdin, EDTA, EGTA und deren Derivate, ungesättigte Fettsäuren und deren Derivate (z.B. γ-In addition to the two aforementioned groups of primary light stabilizers, secondary light stabilizers of the antioxidant type can also be used, which interrupt the photochemical reaction chain which is triggered when UV radiation penetrates the skin. Typical examples of this are amino acids (e.g. glycine, histidine, tyrosine, tryptophan) and their derivatives, imidazoles (e.g. urocanic acid) and their derivatives, peptides such as D, L-camosine, D-camosine, L-camosine and their derivatives (e.g. anserine) , Carotenoids, carotenes (e.g. α-carotene, β-carotene, lycopin) and their derivatives, chlorogenic acid and their derivatives, lipoic acid and their derivatives (e.g. dihydroliponic acid), aurothioglucose, propylthiouracil and other thiols (e.g. thioredoxin, glutathione, cysteine, Cystine, cystamine and their glycosyl, N-acetyl, methyl, ethyl, propyl, amyl, butyl and lauryl, palmitoyl, oleyl, γ-linoleyl, cholesteryl and glycery esters) and their salts , Dilauryl thiodipropionate, distearyl thiodipropionate, thiodipropionic acid and their derivatives (esters, ethers, peptides, lipids, nucleotides, nucleosides and salts) as well as sulfoximine compounds (e.g. Buthioninsulfoximine, Homocysteinsulfoximin, Butioninsulfone, Penta-, Hexa-, Heptathioninsulfoximin) in very low tolerable doses (e.g. pmol to μmol / kg), also (metal) - chelators (e.g. α-hydroxy fatty acids, palmitic acid, phytic acid, lactoferrin) , α-hydroxy acids (e.g. citric acid, lactic acid, malic acid), humic acid, bile acid, bile extracts, bilirubin, biliverdin, EDTA, EGTA and their derivatives, unsaturated fatty acids and their derivatives (e.g. γ-
Linolensäure, Linolsäure, Ölsäure), Folsäure und deren Derivate, Ubichinon und Ubichinol und deren Derivate, Vitamin C und Derivate (z.B. Ascorbylpalmitat, Mg-Ascorbylphosphat, Ascorbyla- cetat), Tocopherole und Derivate (z.B. Vitamin-E-acetat), Vitamin A und Derivate (Vitamin-A- palmitat) sowie Koniferylbenzoat des Benzoeharzes, Rutinsäure und deren Derivate, α- Glycosylrutin, Feruiasäure, Furfurylidenglucitol, Camosin, Butylhydroxytoluol, Butylhydroxyanisol, Nordihydroguajakharzsäure, Nordihydroguajaretsäure, Trihydroxybutyrophenon, Harnsäure und deren Derivate, Mannose und deren Derivate, Superoxid-Dismutase, Zink und dessen Derivate (z.B. ZnO, ZnS04) Selen und dessen Derivate (z.B. Selen-Methionin), Stilbene und deren Derivate (z.B. Stilbenoxid, trans-Stilbenoxid) und die erfindungsgemäß geeigneten Derivate (Salze, Ester, Ether, Zucker, Nukleotide, Nukleoside, Peptide und Lipide) dieser genannten Wirkstoffe. Zur Verbesserung des Fließverhaltens können ferner Hydrotrope, wie beispielsweise Ethanol, Isopropylalkohol, oder Polyole eingesetzt werden. Polyole, die hier in Betracht kommen, besitzen vorzugsweise 2 bis 15 Kohlenstoffatome und mindestens zwei Hydroxylgruppen. Typische Beispiele sindLinolenic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid), folic acid and its derivatives, ubiquinone and ubiquinol and their derivatives, vitamin C and derivatives (e.g. ascorbyl palmitate, Mg ascorbyl phosphate, ascorbyl acetate), tocopherols and derivatives (e.g. vitamin E acetate), vitamin A and derivatives (vitamin A palmitate) and coniferyl benzoate of benzoin, rutinic acid and its derivatives, α-glycosyl rutin, feruic acid, furfurylidene glucitol, camosin, butylated hydroxytoluene, butylated hydroxyanisole, nordihydroguajakh resinic acid, nordihydroguajaretic acid, trihydroxyne derivatives, trihydroxybenzate, trihydroxybenzate, trihydroxybenzate, trihydroxybenzate, trihydroxybenzate -Dismutase, zinc and its derivatives (e.g. ZnO, ZnS0 4 ) selenium and its derivatives (e.g. selenium-methionine), stilbenes and their derivatives (e.g. stilbene oxide, trans-stilbene oxide) and the derivatives suitable according to the invention (salts, esters, ethers, sugars , Nucleotides, nucleosides, peptides and lipids) of these active ingredients. Hydrotropes such as ethanol, isopropyl alcohol or polyols can also be used to improve the flow behavior. Polyols that come into consideration here preferably have 2 to 15 carbon atoms and at least two hydroxyl groups. Typical examples are
• Glycerin;• glycerin;
• Alkylenglycole, wie beispielsweise Ethylenglycol, Diethylenglycol, Propylenglycol, Butylenglycol, Hexylenglycol sowie Polyethylenglycole mit einem durchschnittlichen Molekulargewicht von 100 bis 1.000 Dalton;Alkylene glycols, such as, for example, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, hexylene glycol and polyethylene glycols with an average molecular weight of 100 to 1,000 daltons;
• technische Oligoglyceringemische mit einem Eigenkondensationsgrad von 1 ,5 bis 10 wie etwa technische Diglyceringemische mit einem Diglyceringehalt von 40 bis 50 Gew.-%;Technical oligoglycerol mixtures with a degree of self-condensation of 1.5 to 10, such as technical diglycerol mixtures with a diglycerol content of 40 to 50% by weight;
• Methyolverbindungen, wie insbesondere Trimethylolethan, Trimethylolpropan, Trimethylolbutan, Pentaerythrit und Dipentaerythrit;• Methyl compounds, such as in particular trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolbutane, pentaerythritol and dipentaerythritol;
• Niedrigalkylglucoside, insbesondere solche mit 1 bis 8 Kohlenstoffen im Alkylrest, wie beispielsweise Methyl- und Butylglucosid;• Lower alkyl glucosides, in particular those with 1 to 8 carbons in the alkyl radical, such as methyl and butyl glucoside;
• Zuckeralkohole mit 5 bis 12 Kohlenstoffatomen, wie beispielsweise Sorbit oder Mannit,Sugar alcohols with 5 to 12 carbon atoms, such as sorbitol or mannitol,
• Zucker mit 5 bis 12 Kohlenstoffatomen, wie beispielsweise Glucose oder Saccharose;• Sugar with 5 to 12 carbon atoms, such as glucose or sucrose;
• Aminozucker, wie beispielsweise Glucamin.Aminosugars, such as glucamine.
Als Konservierungsmittel eignen sich beispielsweise Phenoxyethanol, Formaldehydlösung, Para- bene, Pentandiol oder Sorbinsäure sowie die in Anlage 6, Teil A und B der Kosmetikverordnung aufgeführten weiteren Stoffklassen. Als Insekten-Repelientien kommen N,N-Diethyl-m-touluamid, 1 ,2-Pentandiol oder Insect repellent 3535 in Frage, als Selbstbräuner eignet sich Dihydroxyace- ton.Suitable preservatives are, for example, phenoxyethanol, formaldehyde solution, parabens, pentanediol or sorbic acid and those in Appendix 6, Parts A and B of the Cosmetics Ordinance listed further substance classes. N, N-diethyl-m-touluamide, 1, 2-pentanediol or Insect repellent 3535 can be used as an insect repellent, and dihydroxyacetone is suitable as a self-tanner.
Als Parfümöle seien genannt Gemische aus natürlichen und synthetischen Riechstoffen. Natürliche Riechstoffe sind Extrakte von Blüten (Lilie, Lavendel, Rosen, Jasmin, Neroli, Ylang-Ylang), Stengeln und Blättern (Geranium, Patchouli, Petitgrain), Früchten (Anis, Koriander, Kümmel, Wacholder), Fruchtschalen (Bergamotte, Zitrone, Orangen), Wurzeln (Macis, Angelica, Sellerie, Kardamon, Costus, Iris, Calmus), Hölzern (Pinien-, Sandel-, Guajak-, Zedern-, Rosenholz), Kräutern und Gräsern (Estragon, Lemongras, Salbei, Thymian), Nadeln und Zweigen (Fichte, Tanne, Kiefer, Latschen), Harzen und Balsamen (Galbanum, Elemi, Benzoe, Myrrhe, Olibanum, Opoponax). Weiterhin kommen tierische Rohstoffe in Frage, wie beispielsweise Zibet und Castoreum. Typische synthetische Riechstoffverbindungen sind Produkte vom Typ der Ester, Ether, Aldehyde, Ketone, Alkohole und Kohlenwasserstoffe. Riechstoffverbindungen vom Typ der Ester sind z.B. Benzyla- cetat, Phenoxyethyiisobutyrat, p-tert.-Butylcyclohexylacetat, Linalylacetat, Dimethylbenzylcarbiny- lacetat, Phenylethylacetat, Linalylbenzoat, Benzylformiat, Ethylmethylphenylgiycinat, Allylcyclohe- xyipropionat, Styrallylpropionat und Benzylsalicylat. Zu den Ethem zählen beispielsweise Benzyle- thylether, zu den Aldehyden z.B. die linearen Alkanale mit 8 bis 18 Kohlenstoffatomen, Citral, Citronellal, Citronellyloxyacetaldehyd, Cyclamenaidehyd, Hydroxycitronellal, Lilial und Bourgeonai, zu den Ketonen z.B. die Jonone, α-lso-methylionon und Methylcedrylketon, zu den AlkoholenPerfume oils include mixtures of natural and synthetic fragrances. Natural fragrances are extracts of flowers (lily, lavender, roses, jasmine, neroli, ylang-ylang), stems and leaves (geranium, patchouli, petitgrain), fruits (anise, coriander, caraway, juniper), fruit peel (bergamot, lemon, Oranges), roots (mace, angelica, celery, cardamom, costus, iris, calmus), wood (pine, sandal, guaiac, cedar, rosewood), herbs and grasses (tarragon, lemongrass, sage, thyme), Needles and twigs (spruce, fir, pine, mountain pine), resins and balms (galbanum, elemi, benzoin, myrrh, olibanum, opoponax). Animal raw materials, such as civet and castoreum, are also suitable. Typical synthetic fragrance compounds are products of the ester, ether, aldehyde, ketone, alcohol and hydrocarbon type. Fragrance compounds of the ester type are e.g. Benzyl acetate, phenoxyethyl isobutyrate, p-tert-butylcyclohexyl acetate, linalyl acetate, dimethylbenzylcarbinyl acetate, phenylethyl acetate, linalyl benzoate, benzyl formate, ethyl methylphenyl glycineate, allyl cyclohexylate propylate and styrallyl propylate. The ethers include, for example, benzyl ethyl ether, the aldehydes, for example. the linear alkanals with 8 to 18 carbon atoms, citral, citronellal, citronellyloxyacetaldehyde, cyclamenaidehyde, hydroxycitronellal, Lilial and Bourgeonai, to the ketones e.g. the Jonone, α-iso-methylionon and methylcedrylketone, to the alcohols
Anethol, Citronellol, Eugenol, Isoeugenol, Geraniol, Linalool, Phenylethylalkohol und Teφineol, zu den Kohlenwasserstoffen gehören hauptsächlich die Teφene und Balsame. Bevorzugt werden jedoch Mischungen verschiedener Riechstoffe verwendet, die gemeinsam eine ansprechende Duftnote erzeugen. Auch ätherische Öle geringerer Flüchtigkeit, die meist als Aromakomponenten verwendet werden, eignen sich als Parfümöle, z.B. Salbeiöl, Kamillenöl, Nelkenöl, Melissenöl, Min- zenöl, Zimtbiätteröl, Lindenblütenöl, Wacholderbeerenöl, Vetiveröl, Olibanöl, Galbanumöl, Labola- numöl und Lavandinöl. Vorzugsweise werden Bergamotteöl, Dihydromyrcenol, Lilial, Lyral, Citronellol, Phenylethylalkohol, α-Hexylzimtaldehyd, Geraniol, Benzylaceton, Cyclamenaidehyd, Linalool, Boisambrene Forte, Ambroxan, Indol, Hedione, Sandelice, Citronenöl, Mandarinenöl, Oran- genöl, Allylamylglycolat, Cyclovertal, Lavandinöl, Muskateller Salbeiöl, ß-Damascone, Geraniumöl Bourbon, Cyclohexylsalicylat, Vertofix Coeur, Iso-E-Super, Fixolide NP, Evemyl, Iraldein gamma, Phenylessigsäure, Geranyiacetat, Benzylacetat, Rosenoxid, Romilllat, Irotyl und Floramat allein oder in Mischungen, eingesetzt.Anethol, citronellol, eugenol, isoeugenol, geraniol, linalool, phenylethyl alcohol and teφineol, the hydrocarbons mainly include teφenes and balsams. However, preference is given to using mixtures of different fragrances which together produce an appealing fragrance. Essential oils of lower volatility, which are mostly used as aroma components, are also suitable as perfume oils, e.g. Sage oil, chamomile oil, clove oil, lemon balm oil, mint oil, cinnamon leaf oil, linden blossom oil, juniper berry oil, vetiver oil, oliban oil, galbanum oil, labola oil and lavender oil. Bergamot oil, dihydromyrcenol, lilial, lyral, citronellol, phenylethyl alcohol, α-hexylcinnamaldehyde, geraniol, benzylacetone, cyclamenaidehyde, linalool, boisambrene forte, ambroxan, indole, hedione, sandelice, lemon oil, mandarin oil, lavalyl oil, orangol glycol, orangol glycol, orangolin glycol, are preferred , Muscatel sage oil, ß-damascone, geranium oil bourbon, cyclohexyl salicylate, Vertofix Coeur, Iso-E-Super, Fixolide NP, Evemyl, Iraldein gamma, phenylacetic acid, geranyiacetate, benzyl acetate, rose oxide, romilllate, irotyl and floramate, used alone or in mixtures.
Als Farbstoffe können die für kosmetische Zwecke geeigneten und zugelassenen Substanzen verwendet werden, wie sie beispielsweise in der Publikation "Kosmetische Färbemittel" der Färb- Stoffkommission der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft, Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, 1984, S.81-106 zusammengestellt sind. Diese Farbstoffe werden üblicherweise in Konzentrationen von 0,001 bis 0,1 Gew.-%, bezogen auf die gesamte Mischung, eingesetzt.The dyes which can be used are the substances which are suitable and approved for cosmetic purposes, as described, for example, in the publication "Cosmetic Dyes" Substance commission of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, 1984, pp.81-106. These dyes are usually used in concentrations of 0.001 to 0.1% by weight, based on the mixture as a whole.
Der Gesamtanteil der Hilfs- und Zusatzstoffe kann 1 bis 50, vorzugsweise 5 bis 40 Gew.-% - bezogen auf die Mittel - betragen. Die Herstellung der Mittel kann durch übliche Kalt- oder Heißprozesse erfolgen; vorzugsweise arbeitet man nach der Phaseninversionstemperatur-Methode. The total proportion of auxiliaries and additives can be 1 to 50, preferably 5 to 40,% by weight, based on the composition. The agents can be produced by customary cold or hot processes; the phase inversion temperature method is preferably used.
BeispieleExamples
Zur Herstellung der nanoskaligen UV-Lichtschutzfilter (Beispiele 1 bis 5) wurde zunächst Kohlendioxid einem Reservoir mit einem konstanten Druck von 60 bar entnommen und über eine Kolonne mit einer Aktivkohle- und einer Molekularsieb-Packung gereinigt. Nach der Verflüssigung wurde das CO2 mit Hilfe einer Diaphragma-Pumpe bei einer konstanten Fördermenge von 3,5 l/h auf den gewünschten überkritischen Druck p verdichtet. Anschließend wurde das Lösungsmittel in einem Vorheizer auf die erforderliche Temperatur T1 gebracht und in eine Extraktionskolonne (Stahl, 400 ml) geleitet, welche mit dem Sterol bzw. Sterolester beladen war. Die resultierende überkritische, d.h. fluide Mischung wurde über eine lasergezogene Düse (Länge 830 μm, Durchmesser 45 μm) bei einer Temperatur T2 in eine Plexiglas Expansionskammer versprüht, die eine 4 Gew.-%ige wäßrige Lösung eines Emulgators bzw. Schutzkolloids enthielt. Das fluide Medium verdampfte und zurück blieben die im Schutzkolloid eingeschlossenen, dispergierten Nanopartikel. Zur Herstellung der Nanoteilchen gemäß Beispiel 6 wurde eine 1 Gew.-%ige Lösung von Octocrylene in Aceton unter starkem Rühren bei 40°C und einem verminderten Druck von 40 mbar in eine 4 Gew.-% wäßrige Lösung von Coco Glucosides getropft. Das verdampfende Lösungsmittel wurde in einer Kühlfalle kondensiert, während die Dispersion mit den Nanopartikeln zurückblieb. Die Verfahrensbedingungen und der mittlere Partikelgrößenbereich (photometrisch nach der 3-WEM-Methode bzw. durch Laserstreuung bestimmt) sind in der nachfolgenden Tabelle 1 angegeben.To produce the nanoscale UV light protection filter (Examples 1 to 5), carbon dioxide was first taken from a reservoir at a constant pressure of 60 bar and cleaned over a column with an activated carbon and a molecular sieve packing. After liquefaction, the CO2 was compressed to the desired supercritical pressure p using a diaphragm pump at a constant flow rate of 3.5 l / h. The solvent was then brought to the required temperature T1 in a preheater and passed into an extraction column (steel, 400 ml) which was loaded with the sterol or sterol ester. The resulting supercritical, i.e. The fluid mixture was sprayed through a laser-drawn nozzle (length 830 μm, diameter 45 μm) at a temperature T2 into a plexiglass expansion chamber which contained a 4% by weight aqueous solution of an emulsifier or protective colloid. The fluid medium evaporated and the dispersed nanoparticles enclosed in the protective colloid remained. To produce the nanoparticles according to Example 6, a 1% by weight solution of octocrylene in acetone was added dropwise to a 4% by weight aqueous solution of Coco Glucosides with vigorous stirring at 40 ° C. and a reduced pressure of 40 mbar. The evaporating solvent was condensed in a cold trap while the dispersion with the nanoparticles remained. The process conditions and the mean particle size range (determined photometrically by the 3-WEM method or by laser scattering) are given in Table 1 below.
Tabelle 1 NanopartikelTable 1 Nanoparticles
Die nachfolgende Tabelle 2 enthält eine Reihe von Formulierungsbeispielen mit UV- Lichtschutzfilter-Nanopartikeln. Table 2 below contains a number of formulation examples with UV light protection filter nanoparticles.
(1) W/O-Sonnenschutzcreme, (2-4) W/O-Sonnenschutzlotion, (5, 8, 10) O/W-Sonnenschutzlotion, (6, 7, 9) O/W-Sonnenschutzcreme (1) W / O sun protection cream, (2-4) W / O sun protection lotion, (5, 8, 10) O / W sun protection lotion, (6, 7, 9) O / W sun protection cream

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verwendung von nanoskaligen organischen UV-Lichtschutzfiltem mit Teilchendurchmessem im Bereich von 10 bis 300 nm zur Herstellung von kosmetischen und/oder pharmazeutischen Zubereitungen.1. Use of nanoscale organic UV light protection filters with particle diameters in the range from 10 to 300 nm for the production of cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations.
2. Verwendung nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man UV Lichtschutzfilter einsetzt, die ausgewählt sind aus der Gruppe, die gebildet wird von 3-Benzylidencampher bzw. 3- Benzylidennorcampher und dessen Derivaten, 4-Aminobenzoesäurederivaten, Zimtsäureestern, Salicylsäureestern, Benzalmalonsäureestern, Benzophenonderivaten, Benzoylmethan- derivaten, Triazinderivaten, Propan-1 ,3-dionen, Ketotricyclo(5.2.1.0)decan-Derivaten, 2- Phenylbenzimidazol-5-sulfonsäure und deren Alkali-, Erdalkali-, Ammonium-, Alkylammoni- um-, Alkanolammonium- und Giucammoniumsalzen, Sulfonsäurederivaten von Benzopheno- nen, sowie Sulfonsäurederivaten des 3-Benzylidencamphers.2. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that UV light protection filters are used which are selected from the group formed by 3-benzylidene camphor or 3-benzylidene norcampher and its derivatives, 4-aminobenzoic acid derivatives, cinnamic acid esters, salicylic acid esters, benzalmalonic acid esters, benzophenone derivatives , Benzoylmethane derivatives, triazine derivatives, propane-1, 3-diones, ketotricyclo (5.2.1.0) decane derivatives, 2-phenylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid and their alkali, alkaline earth, ammonium, alkylammonium, alkanolammonium and giucammonium salts, sulfonic acid derivatives of benzophenones, and sulfonic acid derivatives of 3-benzylidene camphor.
3. Verwendung den Ansprüchen 1 und/oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man nanoskaiige organische UV-Lichtschutzfilter einsetzt, die man erhält, indem man3. Use according to claims 1 and / or 2, characterized in that nanoscale organic UV light protection filter is used, which is obtained by
(a) die Ausgangsstoffe unter überkritischen oder nahekritischen Bedingungen in einem geeigneten Lösungsmittel löst,(a) dissolving the starting materials in a suitable solvent under supercritical or near-critical conditions,
(b) die fluide Mischung über eine Düse in ein Vakuum, ein Gas oder eine Flüssigkeit entspannt, und(b) the fluid mixture is expanded into a vacuum, gas or liquid via a nozzle, and
(c) das Lösemittel dabei gleichzeitig verdampft.(c) the solvent evaporates at the same time.
4. Verwendung nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man Nanopartikel einsetzt, welche von einem Schutzkolloid ummantelt vorliegen.4. Use according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that nanoparticles are used which are coated by a protective colloid.
5. Verwendung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man als Schutzkolloid Polyvinylalkohol oder Polyethylenglycol einsetzt.5. Use according to claim 4, characterized in that polyvinyl alcohol or polyethylene glycol is used as the protective colloid.
6. Verwendung nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man die organischen UV-Lichtschutzfilter in Mengen von 0,1 bis 5 Gew.-% - bezogen auf die Zubereitungen - einsetzt. Verwendung nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man die organischen UV-Lichtschutzfilter zur Herstellung von Sonnenschutzmitteln einsetzt. 6. Use according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the organic UV light protection filter in amounts of 0.1 to 5 wt .-% - based on the preparations - used. Use according to at least one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the organic UV light protection filters are used for the production of sunscreens.
EP99966913A 1998-12-11 1999-12-04 Utilization of nanoscalar organic filters which provide protection against uv light Withdrawn EP1137395A1 (en)

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