EP1136777A1 - Firing tunnel furnace - Google Patents
Firing tunnel furnace Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1136777A1 EP1136777A1 EP00890162A EP00890162A EP1136777A1 EP 1136777 A1 EP1136777 A1 EP 1136777A1 EP 00890162 A EP00890162 A EP 00890162A EP 00890162 A EP00890162 A EP 00890162A EP 1136777 A1 EP1136777 A1 EP 1136777A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- burners
- brick
- outlet openings
- tunnel kiln
- burner
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
- F27D99/0033—Heating elements or systems using burners
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B9/3005—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types arrangements for circulating gases
- F27B9/3011—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types arrangements for circulating gases arrangements for circulating gases transversally
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B9/36—Arrangements of heating devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B9/3005—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types arrangements for circulating gases
- F27B9/3011—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types arrangements for circulating gases arrangements for circulating gases transversally
- F27B2009/3016—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types arrangements for circulating gases arrangements for circulating gases transversally with arrangements to circulate gases through the charge
Definitions
- the invention relates to a tunnel kiln for perforated brick, in which Brick blanks spaced apart from one another on transport means and by means of these are movable through the kiln, the upholes all Brick blanks are oriented in a common direction and the heating of the Kiln is formed by tubular burners, the longitudinal axes of which are essentially in vertical direction.
- Such furnaces are essentially known in two embodiments: On the one hand, it is known to have a few burners, each with a very high heating output to provide. These generate particularly high, for the direct inflow of the brick blanks unsuitable temperatures, which is why they are at some distance from the brick blanks are arranged and aligned so that the hot gases generated by them only indirectly the brick blanks can hit.
- a second known way of Burner training / arrangement is to use them as a variety of preferably Kiln ceiling specified small burners, each with only relatively small Train heat development.
- the burners each have one Have mouth area, in which outlet openings for combustion gases are arranged, the longitudinal axes of which essentially extend in the direction of the vertical holes and that the mouth area within a distance between the brick blank face sides is arranged.
- two groups of outlet openings in a mouth region it is provided which groups are each arranged along a line Exit openings are formed and that these groups are offset by 180 ° to each other are arranged.
- holes in all of the brick blanks run transversely to the direction of movement of the means of transport.
- the burners therefore do not need to be displaceable along their longitudinal axes are executed, but can be immovable in a technically simple manner Firing channel ceiling can be determined.
- the burners are designed as high-speed burners.
- High-speed burners produce hot gases with particularly high ones Flow velocities. This entrains ambient air, which means the volume of the gas flow caused by the burner is significantly expanded. This entrainment effect it is possible to burn the burner on a relatively small flame - and therefore relatively little Exhausting energy to drive, but still an intense hot gas flow produce.
- the burner Core jet speed of 30 to 60 m / s, preferably 40 to 50 m / s.
- the ratio of the Burners supplied fuel and burning energy introduced into the brick blanks Optimum on.
- the Burner each include an outer tube provided with the outlet openings, the in the Mouth area located foot-side end is closed, in which outer tube Inner tube is inserted, the foot-side, above the mouth area end is closed with a mixer disc.
- combustible hollow brick blanks is in Fig. 1st such a brick blank in its entirety provided with the reference number 1 in Shown diagonally.
- the two boundary surfaces into which the through holes 10 open, are as end faces 11, all remaining boundary surfaces are as Denoted side surfaces 12.
- FIG. 2 From Figure 2 is the basic structure of an inventive Tunnel kiln 2 can be seen. It comprises walls made of heat-insulating material 20 and a ceiling 21 fixed thereon, which covers the tunnel-shaped combustion channel 22 limit.
- the perforated brick blanks 1 to be burned are on means of transport 3 arranged in a grid-like manner, which means of transport 3 are normal to Image plane can be moved further. These means of transport 3 are usually by weighing formed, the wheels 31 along a arranged on the combustion chamber floor 23 Rail system 4 run.
- This type of transport 3 was also used in the accompanying representations chosen, but not as the invention on it is to be understood restrictively, other types of transport could also be used, such as Belts, air cushions, rods or the like are used.
- the heating of such a tunnel kiln 2 is tubular Burner 5 formed. These are passed through the combustion chamber ceiling 21 and in their section lying outside the combustion chamber 22 to a fuel gas and an air supply line 8.8 'connected. The longitudinal axes 51 of the burner 5 run in essentially in the vertical direction.
- the brick blanks 1 each rest on one of their side surfaces 12, so that their end faces 11 to lie perpendicular to the direction of movement T of the means of transport 3 come.
- the holes 10 of the brick blanks 1 run in a common direction, preferably, as shown in Fig. 2 and 3a, transversely to the transport direction T.
- the burners 5 each have an outlet area 50 which is inside a distance a between the blank end face sides 11 is arranged.
- this Mouth area 50 are 6 outlet openings in the outer surface of the burner outer tube 52 arranged for combustion gases generated by the burner.
- the longitudinal axes 53 of this Outlet openings 52 run essentially in the direction of the upholes 10, that is to say transversely to the direction of transport T, whereby the combustion gases generated by each burner 5 be introduced directly into the holes 10.
- the number of these outlet openings 52 per burner 5 is not essential to the invention and can be chosen freely.
- the mouth area 50 must, however be formed so that it extends at least over the entire height of the brick blank the brick blanks 1 are burned evenly over their entire height. Will the Mouth area 50 formed about 340 mm long, so it has proven to be favorable, eight Provide outlet openings 52 distributed over this length.
- the individual outlet openings 52 may be evenly or unevenly spaced apart.
- the outlet openings 52 are combined into two groups, within each of these groups, the outlet openings 52 each along a line, which run parallel to the longitudinal axis 51 of the burner 5 are arranged. These two Groups are arranged offset by 180 ° in the jacket of the outer tube 6 of the burner, the outlet openings 52 of the two groups thus lie opposite one another in pairs (see also Fig. 4).
- each burner 5 both arranged adjacent to it Apply rows of blank gases with combustion gases.
- the brick blanks 1 in several, in Transport direction T arranged rows, which rows to groups of two are summarized.
- the distances within these groups of two are relatively small kept, the distances a between two groups of two are chosen so wide that in according to the invention, the orifices 50 of the burners 5 within these distances a can be arranged.
- each of the distances a there are several burners 5 according to the invention arranged one behind the other, so that each brick blank 1 during its passage through the Combustion channel 22 is subjected to hot combustion gases several times.
- the brick blanks 1 do not lie directly with one of their side surfaces 12 on the means of transport 3, but by means of rods or tubes 9, which in turn with Distance above the means of transport 3 are kept.
- 9 ' designated carrier which are L-shaped in cross section and with the free ends of their legs are placed on the means of transport 3. With that you can also form fuel gas flows below the contact surfaces of the brick blanks 1, so that all-round flow around the brick blanks 1 is guaranteed.
- the burners 5 are preferably designed as high-speed burners, the combustion gases they produce occur at particularly high levels Core jet speed out of the outlet openings 52.
- speed can be chosen arbitrarily, but is preferred Core jet speeds of 30 to 60 m / s, preferably 40 to 50 m / s, are used.
- the hot gas flow generated by high speed burners includes first those generated directly by the high-speed burner 5 in its core jet Combustion gases which have speeds in the areas just mentioned can.
- Combustion gases which have speeds in the areas just mentioned can.
- the combustion gases induce an additional flow of combustion chamber air, i.e. they tear Combustion chamber air, whereby the volume of the total flow through the brick blanks 1 is increased significantly.
- Flow induction representing high speed burners can be done with relatively little Combustion energy generated a very intense hot gas flow.
- FIG 5 out A preferred design of a burner is shown in FIG 5 out:
- the burner 5 here comprises two tubes inserted coaxially one inside the other Outer tube with 6 and the inner tube with 7 is designated.
- the foot end of the Outer tube 6 forms the mouth area 50, which is why in this area of the jacket Outer tube 6, the outlet openings 52 are introduced. Below this Exit openings 52, the foot end of the outer tube 6 is closed, preferably by means of a solid metal disc 14.
- the foot-side end of the inner tube 7 lies above the mouth area 50 and is closed with a mixer disk 13.
- the supply of fuel gas that has already been mixed with some fresh air can, to the mixer disc 13 via the in the region of the longitudinal axis 51 of the burner 5th running line 16. Via the stub 15 fixed to the inner tube 7 and the inner tube 7 itself fresh air reaches the mixer disc 13, which component is an intensive one Mixing fuel gas and fresh air.
- the mixer disk 13 projecting in the direction of the mouth area 50 is one Ignition electrode 17 arranged, via the line led through the inner tube 7 into the open 18 can be charged with electrical voltage. Between the electrode 17 and the Mixer disc 13, an arc 19 is formed, which the fuel gas / fresh air mixture ignited. The majority of this mixture burns inside the outer tube 6 at the level of the mouth area 50 before it emerges from the outlet openings 52. Yet unburned parts of the mixture are burned outside the outer tube 6.
- the invention is not based on burners 5 constructed in this way limited, these can rather - with the exception of the outlet openings 52 in Direction of the holes 10 extending longitudinal axes can be designed as desired.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Tunnelbrennofen für Hochlochziegel, bei welchem Ziegelrohlinge rasterförmig zueinander beabstandet auf Transportmitteln angeordnet und mittels dieser durch den Brennofen bewegbar sind, wobei die Hochlöcher sämtlicher Ziegelrohlinge in eine gemeinsame Richtung orientiert sind und die Beheizung des Brennofens durch rohrförmige Brenner gebildet ist, deren Längsachsen im wesentlichen in vertikaler Richtung verlaufen.The invention relates to a tunnel kiln for perforated brick, in which Brick blanks spaced apart from one another on transport means and by means of these are movable through the kiln, the upholes all Brick blanks are oriented in a common direction and the heating of the Kiln is formed by tubular burners, the longitudinal axes of which are essentially in vertical direction.
Solche Brennöfen sind im wesentlichen in zwei Ausführungsformen bekannt: Einerseits ist es bekannt, einige wenige Brenner mit jeweils sehr großer Heizleistung vorzusehen. Diese erzeugen besonders hohe, für das direkte Anströmen der Ziegelrohlinge nicht geeignete Temperaturen, weshalb sie in einigem Abstand von den Ziegelrohlingen angeordnet und so ausgerichtet sind, daß die von ihnen erzeugten heißen Gase nur indirekt auf die Ziegelrohlinge auftreffen können. Eine zweite bekannte Möglichkeit der Brennerausbildung/-anordnung liegt darin, sie als eine Vielzahl von vorzugsweise an der Brennofendecke festgelegten kleinen Brennern mit jeweils nur relativ geringer Wärmeentwicklung auszubilden.Such furnaces are essentially known in two embodiments: On the one hand, it is known to have a few burners, each with a very high heating output to provide. These generate particularly high, for the direct inflow of the brick blanks unsuitable temperatures, which is why they are at some distance from the brick blanks are arranged and aligned so that the hot gases generated by them only indirectly the brick blanks can hit. A second known way of Burner training / arrangement is to use them as a variety of preferably Kiln ceiling specified small burners, each with only relatively small Train heat development.
Bei diesen bekannten Ausbildungs- und Anordnungsformen der Brenner sind wohl ausreichende Temperaturen erreichbar, die Effizienz des Brennvorganges ist jedoch aufgrund der jeweils nur relativ schwachen Um- und insbesondere Durchströmungen der Ziegelrohlinge nicht optimal: Bei großen, energiereichen Brennern kann nur ein indirektes, ungelenktes Umströmen der Ziegelrohlinge erfolgen, die Ausbildung einer nennenswerten Durchströmung der Hochlöcher kommt dabei aber nicht zustande. Kleine Brenner erzeugen nur relativ langsame Strömungen, die, auch wenn sie direkt auf die Ziegelrohlinge gerichtet werden, insbesondere großvolumige Ziegelrohlinge nicht vollständig durchströmen.In these known training and arrangement forms of the burners Sufficient temperatures can be reached, but the efficiency of the burning process is due to the only relatively weak flow around and in particular flows through the Brick blanks not optimal: With large, high-energy burners, only an indirect, uncontrolled flow around the brick blanks take place, the formation of a significant The flow through the holes does not occur. Create small burners only relatively slow currents, even if they are aimed directly at the brick blanks are not completely flowing through, in particular large-volume brick blanks.
Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, einen Tunnelbrennofen der eingangs erläuterten Art anzugeben, bei welchem ein deutlich effizienterer Brennvorgang erreichbar ist.It is an object of the invention to provide a tunnel kiln as described above Specify the way in which a significantly more efficient burning process can be achieved.
Erfindungsgemäß wird dies dadurch erreicht, daß die Brenner jeweils einen Mündungsbereich aufweisen, in welchem Austrittsöffnungen für Verbrennungsgase angeordnet sind, deren Längsachsen im wesentlichen in Richtung der Hochlöcher verlaufen und daß der Mündungsbereich innerhalb eines Abstandes zwischen Ziegelrohling-Stimseiten angeordnet ist.This is achieved according to the invention in that the burners each have one Have mouth area, in which outlet openings for combustion gases are arranged, the longitudinal axes of which essentially extend in the direction of the vertical holes and that the mouth area within a distance between the brick blank face sides is arranged.
Aufgrund dieser Ausbildung und Anordnung der Brennermündungen werden die von den Brennern erzeugten Heißgas-Strömungen zum Großteil direkt in die Hochlöcher der Ziegelrohlinge eingeleitet, welche dadurch zwangsweise von den Heißgas-Strömungen intensiv durchsetzt werden. Es werden bei dieser erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung/Ausgestaltung der Brenner sämtliche Oberflächen, insbesondere auch die bei bisher bekannten Lösungen vernachlässigten Oberflächen der Hochlöcher intensiver Heißgas-Strömungen ausgesetzt. Dies führt zu einem relativ kurze Zeit in Anspruch nehmenden und damit besonders wirtschaftlichen, vollständigen Brennvorgang der Ziegelrohlinge. Because of this design and arrangement of the burner orifices most of the hot gas flows generated by the burners go directly into the holes of the brick blanks, which are thereby forced from the hot gas flows be enforced intensively. In this invention Arrangement / design of the burner all surfaces, in particular also the Previously known solutions neglected surfaces of the upholes of intense hot gas flows exposed. This leads to a relatively short time consuming and thus particularly economical, complete burning process of the brick blanks.
Gemäß einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung kann vorgesehen sein, daß in einem Mündungsbereich zwei Gruppen von Austrittsöffnungen vorgesehen sind, welche Gruppen jeweils aus entlang einer Linie angeordneten Austrittsöffnungen gebildet sind und daß diese Gruppen um 180° zueinander versetzt angeordnet sind.According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention it should be provided that two groups of outlet openings in a mouth region it is provided which groups are each arranged along a line Exit openings are formed and that these groups are offset by 180 ° to each other are arranged.
Damit können mit einem Brenner gleichzeitig zwei Ziegelrohlings-Reihen mit Heißgas-Strömungen beaufschlagt werden, womit -ohne die Effizienz des Brennvorganges zu beeinträchtigen- die Gesamtanzahl der zur Beheizung notwendigen Brenner gering gehalten werden kann.This means that two rows of blank bricks can be used simultaneously with one burner Hot gas flows are applied, which increases the efficiency of the combustion process affect - the total number of burners required for heating kept low can be.
Weiters kann vorgesehen sein, daß die Hochlöcher sämtlicher Ziegelrohlinge quer zur Bewegungsrichtung der Transportmittel verlaufen.It can also be provided that the holes in all of the brick blanks run transversely to the direction of movement of the means of transport.
Die Brenner brauchen damit nicht entlang ihrer Längsachsen verschiebbar ausgeführt werden, sondern können in technisch einfacher Weise unbeweglich an der Brennkanal-Decke festgelegt werden.The burners therefore do not need to be displaceable along their longitudinal axes are executed, but can be immovable in a technically simple manner Firing channel ceiling can be determined.
Gemäß einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung kann vorgesehen sein, daß die Brenner als Hochgeschwindigkeitsbrenner ausgeführt sind.According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention be provided that the burners are designed as high-speed burners.
Hochgeschwindigkeitsbrenner erzeugen heiße Gase mit besonders hohen Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten. Diese reißen Umgebungsluft mit sich, womit das Volumen des vom Brenner hervorgerufenen Gasstromes deutlich erweitert wird. Durch diesen Mitreiß-Effekt ist es möglich, den Brenner auf relativ kleiner Flamme -und damit relativ wenig Energie aufbrauchend- zu fahren, dennoch aber eine intensive Heißgas-Strömung zu erzeugen.High-speed burners produce hot gases with particularly high ones Flow velocities. This entrains ambient air, which means the volume of the gas flow caused by the burner is significantly expanded. This entrainment effect it is possible to burn the burner on a relatively small flame - and therefore relatively little Exhausting energy to drive, but still an intense hot gas flow produce.
In diesem Zusammenhang kann vorgesehen sein, daß die Brenner eine Kernstrahlgeschwindigkeit von 30 bis 60 m/s, vorzugsweise 40 bis 50 m/s aufweisen.In this context it can be provided that the burner Core jet speed of 30 to 60 m / s, preferably 40 to 50 m / s.
Bei Geschwindigkeiten in diesen Bereichen weist das Verhältnis von den Brennern zugeführtem Brennstoff und in die Ziegelrohlinge eingebrachter Brennenergie ein Optimum auf.At speeds in these ranges, the ratio of the Burners supplied fuel and burning energy introduced into the brick blanks Optimum on.
In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann vorgesehen sein, daß die Brenner jeweils ein mit den Austrittsöffnungen versehenes Außenrohr umfassen, dessen im Mündungsbereich befindliches fußseitiges Ende verschlossen ist, in welches Außenrohr ein Innenrohr eingesetzt ist, dessen fußseitiges, oberhalb des Mündungsbereiches liegende Ende mit einer Mischerscheibe verschlossen ist.In a further embodiment of the invention it can be provided that the Burner each include an outer tube provided with the outlet openings, the in the Mouth area located foot-side end is closed, in which outer tube Inner tube is inserted, the foot-side, above the mouth area end is closed with a mixer disc.
Diese Konstruktionsweise hat sich als besonders wenig störungsanfällig erwiesen. Darüberhinaus ist hier sichergestellt, daß die Verbrennungsgase aus sämtlichen Austrittsöffnungen mit denselben Geschwindigkeiten austreten, womit die Ziegel-Rohlinge über ihre gesamte Höhe gleichmäßig gebrannt werden.This design has proven to be particularly less prone to failure proven. In addition, it is ensured here that the combustion gases from all Exit openings emerge at the same speeds, which means the brick blanks be burned evenly over their entire height.
Die Erfindung wird nachstehend unter Bezugnahme auf die beigeschlossenen,
besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsformen darstellenden Zeichnungen näher beschrieben.
Dabei zeigt:
Zur Erklärung der nachstehend verwendeten Terminologie betreffend die in
einem erfindungsgemäßen Tunnelbrennofen brennbaren Hochlochziegel-Rohlinge ist in Fig. 1
ein solcher, in seiner Gesamtheit mit dem Bezugszeichen 1 versehener Ziegelrohling im
Schrägriß dargestellt. Die beiden Begrenzungsflächen, in welche die Hochlöcher 10 münden,
werden als Stirnseiten 11, sämtliche verbleibende Begrenzungsflächen werden als
Seitenflächen 12 bezeichnet.To explain the terminology used below regarding the
A tunnel kiln according to the invention combustible hollow brick blanks is in Fig. 1st
such a brick blank in its entirety provided with the
Aus Fig.2 ist der grundsätzliche Aufbau eines erfindungsgemäßen
Tunnelbrennofens 2 ersichtlich. Er umfaßt aus wärmedämmendem Material gefertigte Wände
20 und eine auf ihnen festgelegte Decke 21, welche den tunnelförmigen Brennkanal 22
begrenzen. Die zu brennenden Hochlochziegel-Rohlinge 1 sind auf Transportmittel 3
rasterförmig zueinander beabstandet angeordnet, welche Transportmittel 3 normal zur
Bildebene weiterbewegt werden. Diese Transportmittel 3 werden in der Regel durch Wägen
gebildet, deren Räder 31 entlang eines am Brennraumboden 23 angeordneten
Schienensystems 4 laufen. Diese Art von Transportmittel 3 wurde auch in den
beigeschlossenen Darstellungen gewählt, was aber nicht als die Erfindung darauf
einschränkend zu verstehen ist, es könnten genauso auch andersartige Transportmittel, wie
Riemen, Luftkissen, Stäbe od. dgl. eingesetzt werden.From Figure 2 is the basic structure of an inventive
Tunnel kiln 2 can be seen. It comprises walls made of heat-insulating
Die Beheizung eines solchen Tunnelbrennofens 2 ist durch rohrförmige
Brenner 5 gebildet. Diese sind durch die Brennraumdecke 21 hindurchgeführt und in ihrem
außerhalb des Brennraumes 22 liegenden Abschnitt an eine Brenngas- und an eine Luft-Versorgungs-Leitung
8,8' angeschlossen. Die Längsachsen 51 der Brenner 5 verlaufen im
wesentlichen in vertikaler Richtung.The heating of such a tunnel kiln 2 is
Die Ziegelrohlinge 1 liegen jeweils auf einer ihrer Seitenflächen 12 auf, sodaß
ihre Stirnseiten 11 lotrecht zur Bewegungsrichtung T des Transportmittels 3 zu liegen
kommen. Die Hochlöcher 10 der Ziegelrohlinge 1 verlaufen in eine gemeinsame Richtung,
vorzugsweise, so wie in Fig.2 und 3a dargestellt, quer zur Transportrichtung T.The
Die Brenner 5 weisen jeweils einen Mündungsbereich 50 auf, der innerhalb
eines Abstandes a zwischen Ziegelrohling-Stimseiten 11 angeordnet ist. In diesem
Mündungsbereich 50 sind in der Mantelfläche des Brenner-Außenrohres 6 Austrittsöffnungen
52 für vom Brenner erzeugte Verbrennungsgase angeordnet. Die Längsachsen 53 dieser
Austrittsöffnungen 52 verlaufen im wesentlichen in Richtung der Hochlöcher 10, also quer
zur Transportrichtung T, womit die von jedem Brenner 5 erzeugten Verbrennungsgase
unmittelbar in die Hochlöcher 10 eingeleitet werden. The
Die Anzahl dieser Austrittsöffnungen 52 pro Brenner 5 ist nicht
erfindungswesentlich und kann frei gewählt werden. Der Mündungsbereich 50 muß allerdings
sich zumindest über die gesamte Ziegelrohlings-Höhe erstreckend ausgebildet werden, damit
die Ziegelrohlinge 1 über ihre gesamte Höhe gleichmäßig gebrannt werden. Wird der
Mündungsbereich 50 etwa 340 mm lang ausgebildet, so hat es sich als günstig erwiesen, acht
Austrittsöffnungen 52 auf diese Länge verteilt vorzusehen. Die einzelnen Austrittsöffnungen
52 können gleichmäßig oder ungleichmäßig zueinander beabstandet sein.The number of these outlet openings 52 per
Bei der in Fig.2 dargestellten Ausführungsform ist vorgesehen, daß sämtliche
Austrittsöffnungen 52 jeden Brenners 5 in einer vertikal verlaufenden Linie angeordnet und
auf die Stirnflächen 10 der jeweils links neben den Brennern 2 liegenden Ziegelrohlinge 1
ausgerichtet sind. Jeder Brenner 5 beaufschlagt damit nur eine Ziegelrohlings-Reihe mit
Verbrennungsgasen.In the embodiment shown in Figure 2 it is provided that all
Eine andere Ausgestaltungsweise der Mündungsbereiche 50 der Brenner 5
zeigen die Fig.3a,b: Hier sind die Austrittsöffnungen 52 zu zwei Gruppen zusammengefaßt,
wobei innerhalb jeder dieser Gruppen die Austrittsöffnungen 52 jeweils entlang einer Linie,
die parallel zur Längsachse 51 des Brenners 5 verläuft, angeordnet sind. Diese beiden
Gruppen sind um 180° zueinander versetzt im Mantel des Brenner-Außenrohres 6 angeordnet,
die Austrittsöffnungen 52 der beiden Gruppen liegen somit einander paarweise gegenüber
(vgl. auch Fig.4).Another embodiment of the
Wie insbesondere aus Fig.3b hervorgeht, kann aufgrund dieser
Konstruktionsweise jeder Brenner 5 beide zu ihm benachbart angeordneten
Ziegelrohlingsreihen mit Verbrennungsgasen beaufschlagen.As can be seen in particular from FIG. 3b, due to this
Construction of each
Wie aus Fig.3a hervorgeht, werden die Ziegelrohlinge 1 in mehreren, in
Transportrichtung T verlaufenden Reihen angeordnet, welche Reihen zu Zweier-Gruppen
zusammengefaßt sind. Die Abstände innerhalb dieser Zweier-Gruppen sind relativ gering
gehalten, die Abstände a zwischen zwei Zweier-Gruppen sind jedoch so breit gewählt, daß in
erfindungsgemäßer Weise die Mündungen 50 der Brenner 5 innerhalb dieser Abstände a
angeordnet werden können.As can be seen from Fig.3a, the
In jedem der Abstände a sind mehrere erfindungsgemäße Brenner 5
hintereinander angeordnet, sodaß jeder Ziegelrohling 1 während seines Durchlaufes durch den
Brennkanal 22 mehrmals mit heißen Verbrennungsgasen beaufschlagt wird.In each of the distances a there are
Die Ziegelrohlinge 1 liegen nicht unmittelbar mit einer ihrer Seitenflächen 12
am Transportmittel 3 auf, sondern vermittels Stäben oder Rohren 9, welche ihrerseits mit
Abstand über dem Transportmittel 3 gehalten sind. Dazu dienen die in Fig.3b mit 9'
bezeichneten Träger, welche im Querschnitt gesehen L-förmig ausgebildet sind und mit den
freien Enden ihrer Schenkel auf das Transportmittel 3 aufgesetzt sind. Damit können sich
auch unterhalb der Auflageflächen der Ziegelrohlinge 1 Brenngasströmungen ausbilden,
sodaß eine allseitige Umströmung der Ziegelrohlinge 1 gewährleistet ist.The
Die Brenner 5 sind vorzugsweise als Hochgeschwindigkeitsbrenner ausgeführt,
die von ihnen produzierten Verbrennungsgase treten also mit besonders hoher
Kernstrahlgeschwindigkeit aus den Austrittsöffnungen 52 aus. Der genaue Betrag dieser
Geschwindigkeit kann grundsätzlich beliebig gewählt werden, bevorzugt werden allerdings
Kernstrahlgeschwindigkeiten von 30 bis 60 m/s, vorzugsweise 40 bis 50 m/s, eingesetzt.The
Die von Hochgeschwindigkeitsbrennern erzeugte Heißgas-Strömung umfaßt
zunächst die direkt vom Hochgeschwindigkeitsbrenner 5 in dessen Kernstrahl erzeugten
Verbrennungsgase, welche Geschwindigkeiten in den eben angeführten Bereichen aufweisen
können. Innerhalb der an den kegelförmigen Kernstahl angrenzenden Mischungzone
induzieren die Verbrennungsgase eine zusätzliche Brennraumluft-Strömung, reißen also
Brennraumluft mit, wodurch das Volumen der Gesamtströmung durch die Ziegelrohlinge 1
ganz wesentlich erhöht wird. Durch diese, ein Spezifikum von
Hochgeschwindigkeitsbrennern darstellende Strömungsinduktion kann mit relativ geringer
Verbrennungsenergie eine sehr intensive Heißgas-Strömung erzeugt werden.The hot gas flow generated by high speed burners includes
first those generated directly by the high-
Aus Fig.4 geht ein bevorzugt eingesetzter konstruktiver Aufbau eines Brenners 5 hervor:A preferred design of a burner is shown in FIG 5 out:
Der Brenner 5 umfaßt hier zwei koaxial ineinander gesteckte Rohre, wobei das
Außenrohr mit 6 und das Innenrohr mit 7 bezeichnet ist. Das fußseitige Ende des
Außenrohres 6 bildet den Mündungsbereich 50, weshalb in diesem Bereich des Mantels des
Außenrohres 6 die Austrittsöffnungen 52 eingebracht sind. Unterhalb dieser
Austrittsöffnungen 52 ist das fußseitige Ende des Außenrohres 6 verschlossen, vorzugsweise
mittels einer massiven Metallscheibe 14.The
Das fußseitige Ende des Innenrohres 7 liegt oberhalb des Mündungsbereiches
50 und ist mit einer Mischerscheibe 13 verschlossen.The foot-side end of the
Die Zuführung von Brenngas, das bereits mit etwas Frischluft vermischt sein
kann, zur Mischerscheibe 13 erfolgt über die im Bereich der Längsachse 51 des Brenners 5
verlaufende Leitung 16. Über den am Innenrohr 7 festgelegten Stutzen 15 und das Innenrohr
7 selbst gelangt Frischluft zur Mischerscheibe 13, welcher Bauteil eine intensive
Vermischung von Brenngas und Frischluft durchführt.The supply of fuel gas that has already been mixed with some fresh air
can, to the
Die Mischerscheibe 13 in Richtung Mündungsbereich 50 überragend ist eine
Zündelektrode 17 angeordnet, die über die durch das Innenrohr 7 ins Freie geführte Leitung
18 mit elektrischer Spannung beaufschlagbar ist. Zwischen der Elektrode 17 und der
Mischerscheibe 13 wird ein Lichtbogen 19 ausgebildet, welcher das Brenngas-Frischluft-Gemisch
entzündet. Dieses Gemisch verbrennt zum Großteil im Inneren des Außenrohres 6
auf Höhe des Mündungsbereiches 50, bevor es aus den Austrittsöffnungen 52 austritt. Noch
unverbrannte Teile des Gemisches werden außerhalb des Außenrohres 6 verbrannt.The
Die Erfindung ist nicht auf in dieser Weise aufgebaute Brenner 5
eingeschränkt, diese können vielmehr -mit Ausnahme der Austrittsöffnungen 52 mit in
Richtung der Hochlöcher 10 verlaufenden Längsachsen- beliebig ausgeführt sein.The invention is not based on
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT00890162T ATE305595T1 (en) | 2000-03-22 | 2000-05-19 | TUNNEL KILN. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT0048400A AT410843B (en) | 2000-03-22 | 2000-03-22 | TUNNEL KILN |
AT4842000 | 2000-07-03 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1136777A1 true EP1136777A1 (en) | 2001-09-26 |
EP1136777B1 EP1136777B1 (en) | 2005-09-28 |
Family
ID=3674998
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00890162A Expired - Lifetime EP1136777B1 (en) | 2000-03-22 | 2000-05-19 | Firing tunnel furnace |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6572369B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1136777B1 (en) |
AT (2) | AT410843B (en) |
DE (1) | DE50011249D1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2862130A1 (en) * | 2003-11-07 | 2005-05-13 | Imerys Toiture | Firing of elongated and honeycombed construction elements in a tunnel furnace with controlled burner operation to ensure uniform firing |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7637739B2 (en) * | 2004-09-30 | 2009-12-29 | Fives North American Combustion, Inc. | Heating method and apparatus |
US7150627B2 (en) * | 2005-04-30 | 2006-12-19 | Siddhartha Gaur | Transported material heating with controlled atmosphere |
US9310132B1 (en) | 2012-02-08 | 2016-04-12 | Carbonyx, Inc. | Replaceable insulation roof for industrial oven |
RU2495852C1 (en) * | 2012-04-13 | 2013-10-20 | Александр Викторович Фролов | Method of heating articles |
BR102012027523A2 (en) * | 2012-10-26 | 2014-10-21 | Astc Tecnologia Ltda | COMBUSTION SYSTEM FOR COATING MANUFACTURING |
DE102017121224A1 (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2019-03-14 | Eisenmann Se | Apparatus and method for thermal or thermo-chemical treatment of material |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR79657E (en) * | 1961-03-31 | 1963-01-04 | Four Industriel Belge | Tunnel oven for firing ceramic products |
GB1040481A (en) * | 1962-05-07 | 1966-08-24 | Steimer Alois | Improvements in or relating to tunnel kilns for the ceramic industry |
DE1508595A1 (en) * | 1966-08-05 | 1969-10-30 | Steimer Waermetechnik Gmbh A | Process for heating ovens in the ceramic industry and equipment for carrying out the same |
DE2951365B1 (en) * | 1979-12-20 | 1981-03-19 | Keller Ofenbau GmbH, 4530 Ibbenbüren | Burner for gaseous fuels for heating a ceramic furnace |
DE3305540A1 (en) * | 1983-02-18 | 1984-09-20 | Keller Ofenbau GmbH, 4530 Ibbenbüren | Process and device for firing ceramic products with heavy oil in a tunnel furnace |
WO1993025360A1 (en) * | 1992-06-15 | 1993-12-23 | Wienerberger Ziegelindustrie Aktiengesellschaft | Process and facility for drying and/or baking raw bricks |
DE4438417A1 (en) * | 1994-10-11 | 1996-04-18 | Steimer Waermetechnik Gmbh | Firing of coarse ceramic prods. |
DE29614958U1 (en) * | 1996-08-28 | 1998-01-02 | Häßler, Andreas, Dipl.-Ing. (FH), 89155 Erbach | Device for degassing and cooling stacked ceramic items in continuous furnaces |
Family Cites Families (15)
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---|---|---|---|---|
US2991535A (en) * | 1957-07-09 | 1961-07-11 | William L Hanley | Tunnel kiln firing section |
HU176252B (en) * | 1977-02-11 | 1981-01-28 | Andreas Haessler | Continuous furnace for burning particularly ceramic articles |
JPS5830485B2 (en) * | 1978-06-14 | 1983-06-29 | 品川白煉瓦株式会社 | Burner with ceramic air nozzle |
US4329142A (en) * | 1979-06-18 | 1982-05-11 | Boc Limited | Method for heat treatment of clay and refractory ware |
ATA312180A (en) * | 1980-06-12 | 1986-03-15 | Walter Ing Rieger | METHOD FOR BURNING THIN-WALLED CERAMIC MOLDINGS CONTAINING IN PARTICULAR CORE HOLES, AND SYSTEM FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD |
DE3147582A1 (en) * | 1981-12-01 | 1983-06-09 | Andreas Ing.(grad.) 7904 Erbach Häßler | Process and device for drying bricks on kiln cars |
US4490107A (en) * | 1981-12-18 | 1984-12-25 | Kurosaki Furnace Industries Company Limited | Method of processing charges in a continuous combustion furnace |
DE3627050C1 (en) * | 1986-08-09 | 1991-11-28 | Lingl Anlagenbau | Tunnel kiln for the reducing firing of facing bricks |
IT1205512B (en) * | 1986-12-30 | 1989-03-23 | Mauro Poppi | OVEN FOR COOKING CERAMIC MATERIALS SUCH AS TILES AND SIMILAR |
JPH0791113B2 (en) * | 1988-03-29 | 1995-10-04 | 日本碍子株式会社 | Ceramic firing method and firing tool used in the method |
CH684365A5 (en) * | 1992-08-12 | 1994-08-31 | Bridgelane Ltd | A process for the drying of perforated brick blocks and installations for carrying out the method. |
AT401817B (en) | 1993-12-01 | 1996-12-27 | Rieger Walter | METHOD FOR BURNING CERAMIC MOLDINGS AND SYSTEM FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD |
DE4423221A1 (en) * | 1994-07-01 | 1996-01-04 | Lingl Anlagenbau | Heat transfer in the tunnel oven |
AT405878B (en) * | 1995-03-08 | 1999-12-27 | Rieger Walter | METHOD FOR DRYING MOLDINGS FROM CERAMIC MATERIAL, IN PARTICULAR BRICK, AND SYSTEM FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD |
US5906485A (en) * | 1998-02-27 | 1999-05-25 | Reading Pretzel Machinery Corporation | Tunnel-type conveyor oven having two types of heat sources |
-
2000
- 2000-03-22 AT AT0048400A patent/AT410843B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-05-19 EP EP00890162A patent/EP1136777B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-05-19 DE DE50011249T patent/DE50011249D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-05-19 AT AT00890162T patent/ATE305595T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2001
- 2001-09-05 US US09/946,198 patent/US6572369B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR79657E (en) * | 1961-03-31 | 1963-01-04 | Four Industriel Belge | Tunnel oven for firing ceramic products |
GB1040481A (en) * | 1962-05-07 | 1966-08-24 | Steimer Alois | Improvements in or relating to tunnel kilns for the ceramic industry |
DE1508595A1 (en) * | 1966-08-05 | 1969-10-30 | Steimer Waermetechnik Gmbh A | Process for heating ovens in the ceramic industry and equipment for carrying out the same |
DE2951365B1 (en) * | 1979-12-20 | 1981-03-19 | Keller Ofenbau GmbH, 4530 Ibbenbüren | Burner for gaseous fuels for heating a ceramic furnace |
DE3305540A1 (en) * | 1983-02-18 | 1984-09-20 | Keller Ofenbau GmbH, 4530 Ibbenbüren | Process and device for firing ceramic products with heavy oil in a tunnel furnace |
WO1993025360A1 (en) * | 1992-06-15 | 1993-12-23 | Wienerberger Ziegelindustrie Aktiengesellschaft | Process and facility for drying and/or baking raw bricks |
DE4438417A1 (en) * | 1994-10-11 | 1996-04-18 | Steimer Waermetechnik Gmbh | Firing of coarse ceramic prods. |
DE29614958U1 (en) * | 1996-08-28 | 1998-01-02 | Häßler, Andreas, Dipl.-Ing. (FH), 89155 Erbach | Device for degassing and cooling stacked ceramic items in continuous furnaces |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2862130A1 (en) * | 2003-11-07 | 2005-05-13 | Imerys Toiture | Firing of elongated and honeycombed construction elements in a tunnel furnace with controlled burner operation to ensure uniform firing |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20020136998A1 (en) | 2002-09-26 |
ATA4842000A (en) | 2002-12-15 |
ATE305595T1 (en) | 2005-10-15 |
EP1136777B1 (en) | 2005-09-28 |
US6572369B2 (en) | 2003-06-03 |
AT410843B (en) | 2003-08-25 |
DE50011249D1 (en) | 2006-02-09 |
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