EP1136696B1 - Process and device for positioning a combustion engine in a favourable starting position - Google Patents

Process and device for positioning a combustion engine in a favourable starting position Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1136696B1
EP1136696B1 EP01400722A EP01400722A EP1136696B1 EP 1136696 B1 EP1136696 B1 EP 1136696B1 EP 01400722 A EP01400722 A EP 01400722A EP 01400722 A EP01400722 A EP 01400722A EP 1136696 B1 EP1136696 B1 EP 1136696B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
engine
crankshaft
thermal engine
speed
angular position
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01400722A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1136696A1 (en
Inventor
Gérard Gohin
Vincent Basso
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PSA Automobiles SA
Original Assignee
Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA
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Publication of EP1136696A1 publication Critical patent/EP1136696A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N19/00—Starting aids for combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02N19/005—Aiding engine start by starting from a predetermined position, e.g. pre-positioning or reverse rotation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B27/00—Starting of machines or engines
    • F01B27/02—Starting of machines or engines of reciprocating-piston engines
    • F01B27/08—Means for moving crank off dead-centre
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/009—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents using means for generating position or synchronisation signals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
    • F02D41/042—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for stopping the engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
    • F02D41/06—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up
    • F02D41/062—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up for starting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/04—Starting of engines by means of electric motors the motors being associated with current generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/009—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents using means for generating position or synchronisation signals
    • F02D2041/0095—Synchronisation of the cylinders during engine shutdown
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N19/00—Starting aids for combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02N19/005—Aiding engine start by starting from a predetermined position, e.g. pre-positioning or reverse rotation
    • F02N2019/008—Aiding engine start by starting from a predetermined position, e.g. pre-positioning or reverse rotation the engine being stopped in a particular position

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a positioning device moving parts of a heat engine, in a stopping position of the motor facilitating start.
  • Internal combustion engines have at least a piston movable alternately in a cylinder and generally several pistons each mounted in a cylinder, the piston or each pistons being connected to a crankshaft by a connecting rod causing the crankshaft in rotation about an axis.
  • the inventor of the present patent application has found that the starting power depended in particular on the position of the organs moving the engine to a standstill before starting and especially the angular position of the crankshaft.
  • the invention therefore relates to a method of positioning the organs moving of a heat engine, in a stopping position of the engine facilitating the starting, the motor comprising at least one movable piston of alternative way in a cylinder, connected to a crankshaft by a connecting rod driving the crankshaft in rotation about an axis, in which the angular position of the crankshaft about its axis of rotation, to place it in a predetermined angular position, using a rotating machine electrical connection rotatably connected to the crankshaft and characterized by the fact that the engine is braked with the help of the electric rotary machine, during the shutdown of the engine, so that at the time of shutdown complete engine, the crankshaft is in its angular position predetermined.
  • FIG. 1 diagrammatically shows a piston 1 of an internal combustion engine that moves during operation of the engine, in a cylinder of the engine, as represented by the double arrow 2.
  • the piston 1 is connected via a connecting rod 3 to a crankshaft 4 rotatably mounted about an axis 5.
  • crankshaft 4 was greatly exaggerated to show the angular positions stop crankshaft.
  • crankshaft 4 is rotated about its axis 5 by the connecting rod 3 transforming the linear movement of the piston 1 into movement of rotation.
  • crankshaft such as the crankshaft 4 of a heat engine
  • the crankshaft when the engine stops, systematically stops at an angular position about its axis of rotation, situated in an angular zone extending from on both sides of an average position P m with a respective angular amplitude A 1 and A 2 .
  • FIG. 1 shows, on a dotted circle centered on the axis 5 of the crankshaft 4, the average stopping position P m and the extreme stopping positions P m + A 1 and P m - A 2 .
  • the starting power required is about 30% higher than the power corresponding to the initial average position P m .
  • the invention thus relates to a method and a device for place the moving parts of the engine and in particular the crankshaft, so automatic, in a position facilitating the starting of the engine and allowing a start with a minimum starting power.
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows a device to implement the method of the invention, to facilitate the starting a heat engine 6 represented, in a conventional manner, in the form of a parallelepiped.
  • the heat engine 6 has a crankshaft rotatably mounted next a longitudinal axis of the motor 6 and integral, at its longitudinal ends, a pulley 7 and a steering wheel 8, respectively.
  • the device for adjusting the stopping position of the motor according to the invention has a rotating electrical machine 10 which can be, as it will be explained later, an alternator or an electric motor.
  • the electric rotary machine 10 is connected, via a electronic control module 9, to a battery 14 which can be the battery of a motor vehicle driven by the engine 6.
  • a position sensor 15 makes it possible to locate very precisely the angular position of the flywheel 8 and the crankshaft of the engine 6.
  • the position sensor 15 is connected to the electronic control module 9, so as to transmit a position signal representative of the instantaneous position of the crankshaft of the heat engine 6.
  • the electronic control module 9 also receives a reference signal 16 corresponding to a position signal representative of the ideal average position P m of the crankshaft of the heat engine 6, for which starting is obtained with a minimum starting power.
  • the angular position adjustment of the crankshaft of the engine is carried out, during engine shutdown, to obtain a favorable restart position engine after shutdown.
  • the electronic control unit 9 When the engine stop is requested by the driver (function stop), an order is transmitted to the electronic control unit 9, way that it realizes the acquisition of an angular position signal of the crankshaft of the heat engine 6 transmitted by the position sensor 15.
  • the housing electronic control 9 realizes the continuous acquisition of the position angular angle of the crankshaft of the heat engine 6. It can be realized also the acquisition of the rotational speed of the crankshaft, in time real, while the engine is decelerating.
  • the rotating electrical machine 10 which can be constituted by the alternator of the motor vehicle, is made and ordered in such a way as to to be able to work in a reversible way.
  • the reversible electric machine 10 can control the deceleration of the engine to force its stop on the preferred angular position P m of the crankshaft of the heat engine 6.
  • the electric machine is driven by the housing of electronic control 9, so as to create a resistant torque for braking the engine 6.
  • the current produced by the reversible electric machine 10 then recharges the battery 14.
  • the control of the electric machine 10 is adapted to hold account, at all operating speeds of the engine, the value of the torque produced, so as to ensure a correct approach to the ideal stop position of the crankshaft.
  • FIG. 3 shows, in the form of a logic diagram, the implementation of the method according to the invention.
  • the electronic control unit of the electric machine constituted for example by a reversible type alternator receives as input a position signal of the engine crankshaft ⁇ mot.
  • the position signal is processed in a first unit 17 of the control module, so as to obtain the engine speed expressed in revolutions / minute in the form of the value N and compared, as shown in 18a, 18b and 18c in the figure 3, at the engine speed at idle N r and at a predetermined speed N 1 lower than the idle speed N r .
  • the engine 6 When the speed of the engine N is lower than the speed N 1 , before stopping the engine, the engine 6 is periodically braked by the alternator, as shown in 19b.
  • the periodic braking consists of braking the engine 6, when the crankshaft is between the two extreme positions P m + A 1 and P m - A 2 , that is to say in the angular zone of stop crankshaft.
  • the resistive torque exerted on the heat engine is modulated from the alternator 10 so as to increase the resistance torque when approaching the ideal position P m of the crankshaft.
  • step 18c When the complete stopping of the engine has been obtained, as represented at 18c, a comparison is made between the position of the crankshaft measured by the position sensor 15 and the ideal theoretical position P m . If a difference between these two positions is detected, a static registration is performed as illustrated in step 19c in FIG. 3.
  • the static registration of the crankshaft consists in feeding the alternator operating as a motor, in order to turn it in a direction or in the other until the ideal position of the crankshaft.
  • the alternator can then be used as a motor to start the engine of the engine with a reduced starting power.
  • the function of the reversible alternator realizing, at the moment of the shutdown of the engine, its positioning in the ideal angular position and the starting the engine from this ideal position can facilitate the implementation a "stop and start” function.
  • the method according to the invention therefore makes it possible to place the moving parts of the engine at the time of shutdown or after engine shutdown thermal, to obtain ideal starting conditions when using future engine.
  • the implementation of the method of the invention also makes it possible to obtain energy saving, because we recover charge energy of the battery, during the braking of the engine, when it stops. In in addition, obtaining the ideal position of stopping the engine is obtained more quickly than when making a subsequent registration after stopping the engine.
  • the implementation of the method of the invention is relatively complex and requires the use of calculation and control quite a lot of complexity.
  • An electric machine of any type can be used continuous or alternative.
  • the invention applies to any heat engine and in particular to thermal engines for traction of motor vehicles.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
  • Control Of Vehicle Engines Or Engines For Specific Uses (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Control Of Throttle Valves Provided In The Intake System Or In The Exhaust System (AREA)
  • Jigs For Machine Tools (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Ignition Timing (AREA)

Abstract

The motor (6) has a piston linked to the crankshaft via the connecting rod. A machine (10) is slowing down the rotation of the motor so that the crankshaft is in a chosen position when the motor stops. An Independent claim is also included for the positioning device.

Description

L'invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif de positionnement des organes mobiles d'un moteur thermique, dans une position d'arrêt du moteur facilitant le démarrage.The invention relates to a method and a positioning device moving parts of a heat engine, in a stopping position of the motor facilitating start.

Les moteurs thermiques à combustion interne comportent au moins un piston mobile de manière alternative dans un cylindre et généralement plusieurs pistons montés mobiles chacun dans un cylindre, le piston ou chacun des pistons étant relié à un vilebrequin par une bielle entraínant le vilebrequin en rotation autour d'un axe.Internal combustion engines have at least a piston movable alternately in a cylinder and generally several pistons each mounted in a cylinder, the piston or each pistons being connected to a crankshaft by a connecting rod causing the crankshaft in rotation about an axis.

On a constaté, qu'après un arrêt d'un moteur thermique, la puissance nécessaire au redémarrage du moteur est essentiellement variable entre une puissance minimale de démarrage et une puissance maximale qui est d'environ 30 % supérieure à la puissance minimale. Bien entendu, afin d'optimiser le fonctionnement des moteurs au démarrage et à solliciter le moins possible le démarreur et la batterie alimentant le démarreur, il serait souhaitable de régler les conditions de fonctionnement du moteur, de manière à pouvoir le démarrer dans tous les cas à une puissance voisine de la puissance minimale.It has been found that after stopping a heat engine, the power necessary to restart the engine is essentially variable between a minimum starting power and a maximum power that is about 30% above the minimum power. Of course, in order to optimize the operation of engines at startup and to solicit the least possible the starter and the battery powering the starter, it would be desirable to adjust the operating conditions of the engine so as to to be able to start it in any case at a power close to the power minimal.

L'inventeur de la présente demande de brevet a pu constater que la puissance de démarrage dépendait en particulier de la position des organes mobiles du moteur à l'arrêt avant le démarrage et tout particulièrement de la position angulaire du vilebrequin.The inventor of the present patent application has found that the starting power depended in particular on the position of the organs moving the engine to a standstill before starting and especially the angular position of the crankshaft.

Jusqu'ici, ce fait n'a jamais conduit à la conception d'un procédé permettant de faciliter le démarrage d'un moteur thermique.So far, this fact has never led to the design of a process to facilitate the starting of a heat engine.

On a déjà proposé (US-A-5,687,682) d'utiliser une machine électrique pour régler la position angulaire du vilebrequin d'un moteur. Toutefois, le procédé et le dispositif suivant l'art antérieur ne permettent pas de régler la position d'arrêt du moteur.It has already been proposed (US-A-5,687,682) to use an electric machine to adjust the angular position of the crankshaft of an engine. However, method and the device according to the prior art do not make it possible to regulate the stopping position of the engine.

L'invention est donc relative à un procédé de positionnement des organes mobiles d'un moteur thermique, dans une position d'arrêt du moteur facilitant le démarrage, le moteur comportant au moins un piston mobile de manière alternative dans un cylindre, relié à un vilebrequin par une bielle entraínant le vilebrequin en rotation autour d'un axe, dans lequel on règle la position angulaire du vilebrequin autour de son axe de rotation, pour le placer dans une position angulaire prédéterminée, à l'aide d'une machine tournante électrique reliée en rotation au vilebrequin et caractérisé par le fait qu'on freine le moteur thermique à l'aide de la machine tournante électrique, pendant l'arrêt du moteur thermique, de manière qu'au moment de l'arrêt complet du moteur thermique, le vilebrequin se trouve dans sa position angulaire prédéterminée.The invention therefore relates to a method of positioning the organs moving of a heat engine, in a stopping position of the engine facilitating the starting, the motor comprising at least one movable piston of alternative way in a cylinder, connected to a crankshaft by a connecting rod driving the crankshaft in rotation about an axis, in which the angular position of the crankshaft about its axis of rotation, to place it in a predetermined angular position, using a rotating machine electrical connection rotatably connected to the crankshaft and characterized by the fact that the engine is braked with the help of the electric rotary machine, during the shutdown of the engine, so that at the time of shutdown complete engine, the crankshaft is in its angular position predetermined.

Afin de bien faire comprendre l'invention, on va maintenant décrire, à titre d'exemple, en se référant aux figures jointes en annexe, deux modes de réalisation du procédé de positionnement suivant l'invention facilitant le démarrage d'un moteur thermique.

  • La figure 1 est une vue schématique montrant les organes mobiles piston, bielle et vilebrequin d'un moteur thermique et des positions angulaires d'arrêt du vilebrequin.
  • La figure 2 est une vue en perspective montrant un dispositif permettant de mettre en oeuvre le procédé de l'invention.
  • La figure 3 est un logigramme relatif à la mise en oeuvre du procédé suivant l'invention.
    • In order to better understand the invention, will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the appended figures, two embodiments of the positioning method according to the invention facilitating the starting of a heat engine.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the movable members piston, connecting rod and crankshaft of a heat engine and the angular positions of the crankshaft stop.
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view showing a device for carrying out the method of the invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a logic diagram relating to the implementation of the method according to the invention.

    • Sur la figure 1 on a représenté de manière schématique un piston 1 d'un moteur à combustion interne qui se déplace, pendant le fonctionnement du moteur, dans un cylindre du moteur, comme représenté par la double flèche 2.FIG. 1 diagrammatically shows a piston 1 of an internal combustion engine that moves during operation of the engine, in a cylinder of the engine, as represented by the double arrow 2.

    Le piston 1 est relié par l'intermédiaire d'une bielle 3 à un vilebrequin 4 monté rotatif autour d'un axe 5.The piston 1 is connected via a connecting rod 3 to a crankshaft 4 rotatably mounted about an axis 5.

    Bien entendu, les dimensions relatives des organes du moteur ont été figurées de manière tout à fait conventionnelle. En particulier, la section du vilebrequin 4 a été fortement exagérée pour montrer les positions angulaires d'arrêt du vilebrequin.Of course, the relative dimensions of the motor members have been figured in a very conventional way. In particular, the section of crankshaft 4 was greatly exaggerated to show the angular positions stop crankshaft.

    Le vilebrequin 4 est entraíné en rotation autour de son axe 5 par la bielle 3 transformant le mouvement linéaire du piston 1 en mouvement de rotation.The crankshaft 4 is rotated about its axis 5 by the connecting rod 3 transforming the linear movement of the piston 1 into movement of rotation.

    On a constaté que le vilebrequin tel que le vilebrequin 4 d'un moteur thermique, au moment de l'arrêt du moteur, s'arrête systématiquement en une position angulaire autour de son axe de rotation, située dans une zone angulaire s'étendant de part et d'autre d'une position moyenne Pm avec une amplitude angulaire respective A1 et A2.It has been found that the crankshaft, such as the crankshaft 4 of a heat engine, when the engine stops, systematically stops at an angular position about its axis of rotation, situated in an angular zone extending from on both sides of an average position P m with a respective angular amplitude A 1 and A 2 .

    Sur la figure 1, on a représenté, sur un cercle en pointillés centré sur l'axe 5 du vilebrequin 4, la position d'arrêt moyenne Pm et les positions extrêmes d'arrêt Pm + A1 et Pm - A2.FIG. 1 shows, on a dotted circle centered on the axis 5 of the crankshaft 4, the average stopping position P m and the extreme stopping positions P m + A 1 and P m - A 2 .

    On a également constaté que le démarrage du moteur est réalisé plus facilement à partir de la position initiale moyenne Pm et que le démarrage est d'autant plus difficile que la position initiale du vilebrequin se rapproche des positions extrêmes Pm + A1 et Pm - A2.It has also been found that the starting of the engine is performed more easily from the initial average position P m and that the starting is all the more difficult as the initial position of the crankshaft approaches extreme positions P m + A 1 and P m - A 2 .

    Lors d'un démarrage à partir d'un des deux points extrêmes Pm + A1 et Pm - A2, la puissance de démarrage nécessaire est d'environ 30 % supérieure à la puissance correspondant à la position initiale moyenne Pm.When starting from one of the two end points P m + A 1 and P m - A 2 , the starting power required is about 30% higher than the power corresponding to the initial average position P m .

    En partant de cette constatation, l'inventeur de la présente demande de brevet a conçu un procédé et un dispositif permettant de faciliter le démarrage d'un moteur thermique et de réaliser, dans tous les cas, le démarrage du moteur, dans des conditions pratiquement optimales.On the basis of this finding, the inventor of the present application patented a method and device for facilitating start-up of a heat engine and to achieve, in any case, the starting of the engine, under almost optimal conditions.

    L'invention concerne donc un procédé et un dispositif permettant de placer les organes mobiles du moteur et en particulier le vilebrequin, de manière automatique, dans une position facilitant le démarrage du moteur et permettant un démarrage avec une puissance de démarrage minimale.The invention thus relates to a method and a device for place the moving parts of the engine and in particular the crankshaft, so automatic, in a position facilitating the starting of the engine and allowing a start with a minimum starting power.

    Sur la figure 2, on a représenté de manière schématique un dispositif permettant de mettre en oeuvre le procédé de l'invention, pour faciliter le démarrage d'un moteur thermique 6 représenté, de manière conventionnelle, sous la forme d'un parallélépipède.FIG. 2 schematically shows a device to implement the method of the invention, to facilitate the starting a heat engine 6 represented, in a conventional manner, in the form of a parallelepiped.

    Le moteur thermique 6 comporte un vilebrequin monté rotatif suivant un axe longitudinal du moteur 6 et solidaire, à ses extrémités longitudinales, d'une poulie 7 et d'un volant 8, respectivement.The heat engine 6 has a crankshaft rotatably mounted next a longitudinal axis of the motor 6 and integral, at its longitudinal ends, a pulley 7 and a steering wheel 8, respectively.

    Le dispositif de réglage de la position d'arrêt du moteur selon l'invention comporte une machine électrique tournante 10 qui peut être, comme il sera expliqué plus loin, un alternateur ou un moteur électrique.The device for adjusting the stopping position of the motor according to the invention has a rotating electrical machine 10 which can be, as it will be explained later, an alternator or an electric motor.

    Sur l'arbre de sortie rotatif 11 de la machine tournante 10 est calée une poulie 12. Une courroie d'entraínement 13 passant sur les poulies 7 et 12 permet de réaliser une liaison en rotation du vilebrequin du moteur thermique 6 et de l'arbre de sortie de la machine tournante 10. Bien entendu, la liaison en rotation du vilebrequin du moteur 6 et de l'arbre de la machine tournante 10 pourrait être obtenue par des moyens différents de poulies et d'une courroie.On the rotary output shaft 11 of the rotating machine 10 is locked a pulley 12. A drive belt 13 passing over the pulleys 7 and 12 makes it possible to make a connection in rotation of the crankshaft of the heat engine 6 and the output shaft of the rotating machine 10. Of course, the rotational connection of the crankshaft of the engine 6 and the shaft of the machine rotating 10 could be obtained by means of different pulleys and a belt.

    La machine tournante électrique 10 est reliée, par l'intermédiaire d'un module de commande électronique 9, à une batterie 14 qui peut être la batterie d'un véhicule automobile entraíné par le moteur thermique 6.The electric rotary machine 10 is connected, via a electronic control module 9, to a battery 14 which can be the battery of a motor vehicle driven by the engine 6.

    Un capteur de position 15 permet de repérer de manière très précise la position angulaire du volant 8 et du vilebrequin du moteur 6. Le capteur de position 15 est relié au module de commande électronique 9, de manière à transmettre un signal de position représentatif de la position instantanée du vilebrequin du moteur thermique 6. Le module de commande électronique 9 reçoit également un signal de consigne 16 correspondant à un signal de position représentatif de la position moyenne idéale Pm du vilebrequin du moteur thermique 6, pour laquelle le démarrage est obtenu avec une puissance de démarrage minimale.A position sensor 15 makes it possible to locate very precisely the angular position of the flywheel 8 and the crankshaft of the engine 6. The position sensor 15 is connected to the electronic control module 9, so as to transmit a position signal representative of the instantaneous position of the crankshaft of the heat engine 6. The electronic control module 9 also receives a reference signal 16 corresponding to a position signal representative of the ideal average position P m of the crankshaft of the heat engine 6, for which starting is obtained with a minimum starting power.

    On réalise le réglage de position angulaire du vilebrequin du moteur, pendant l'arrêt du moteur, pour obtenir une position de redémarrage favorable du moteur après l'arrêt.The angular position adjustment of the crankshaft of the engine is carried out, during engine shutdown, to obtain a favorable restart position engine after shutdown.

    Au moment où l'arrêt du moteur est demandé par le conducteur (fonction stop), un ordre est transmis au boítier électronique de commande 9, de manière qu'il réalise l'acquisition d'un signal de position angulaire du vilebrequin du moteur thermique 6 transmis par le capteur de position 15. Le boítier de commande électronique 9 réalise l'acquisition en continu de la position angulaire instantanée du vilebrequin du moteur thermique 6. On peut réaliser également l'acquisition de la vitesse de rotation du vilebrequin, en temps réel, pendant la décélération du moteur.When the engine stop is requested by the driver (function stop), an order is transmitted to the electronic control unit 9, way that it realizes the acquisition of an angular position signal of the crankshaft of the heat engine 6 transmitted by the position sensor 15. The housing electronic control 9 realizes the continuous acquisition of the position angular angle of the crankshaft of the heat engine 6. It can be realized also the acquisition of the rotational speed of the crankshaft, in time real, while the engine is decelerating.

    La machine électrique tournante 10, qui peut être constituée par l'alternateur du véhicule automobile, est réalisée et commandée de manière à pouvoir fonctionner de façon réversible.The rotating electrical machine 10, which can be constituted by the alternator of the motor vehicle, is made and ordered in such a way as to to be able to work in a reversible way.

    Pendant l'arrêt et la décélération du moteur thermique, la machine électrique réversible 10 permet de piloter la décélération du moteur pour forcer son arrêt sur la position angulaire privilégiée Pm du vilebrequin du moteur thermique 6. La machine électrique est pilotée par le boítier de commande électronique 9, de façon à créer un couple résistant permettant de freiner le moteur thermique 6. Le courant produit par la machine électrique réversible 10 permet alors de recharger la batterie 14.During the stopping and deceleration of the heat engine, the reversible electric machine 10 can control the deceleration of the engine to force its stop on the preferred angular position P m of the crankshaft of the heat engine 6. The electric machine is driven by the housing of electronic control 9, so as to create a resistant torque for braking the engine 6. The current produced by the reversible electric machine 10 then recharges the battery 14.

    La commande de la machine électrique 10 est adaptée pour tenir compte, à tous les régimes de fonctionnement du moteur thermique, de la valeur du couple produit, de manière à assurer une approche correcte de la position d'arrêt idéale du vilebrequin.The control of the electric machine 10 is adapted to hold account, at all operating speeds of the engine, the value of the torque produced, so as to ensure a correct approach to the ideal stop position of the crankshaft.

    Sur la figure 3, on a représenté, sous la forme d'un logigramme, la mise en oeuvre du procédé suivant l'invention.FIG. 3 shows, in the form of a logic diagram, the implementation of the method according to the invention.

    L'unité de commande électronique de la machine électrique constituée par exemple par un alternateur de type réversible reçoit en entrée un signal de position du vilebrequin du moteur mot. Le signal de position est traité dans une première unité 17 du module de commande, de manière à obtenir la vitesse du moteur exprimée en tour/minute sous la forme de la valeur N et comparé, comme représenté en 18a, 18b et 18c sur la figure 3, à la vitesse du moteur au ralenti Nr et à une vitesse N1 prédéterminée inférieure à la vitesse au ralenti Nr.The electronic control unit of the electric machine constituted for example by a reversible type alternator receives as input a position signal of the engine crankshaft mot. The position signal is processed in a first unit 17 of the control module, so as to obtain the engine speed expressed in revolutions / minute in the form of the value N and compared, as shown in 18a, 18b and 18c in the figure 3, at the engine speed at idle N r and at a predetermined speed N 1 lower than the idle speed N r .

    Lorsque la vitesse instantanée du moteur N est comprise entre N1 et Nr, on commande l'alternateur par le boítier électronique 9, de manière à réaliser un freinage continu du moteur thermique 6. Cette étape du procédé est représentée en 19a.When the instantaneous speed of the motor N is between N 1 and N r , the alternator is controlled by the electronic housing 9, so as to achieve a continuous braking of the engine 6. This process step is shown at 19a.

    Lorsque la vitesse du moteur N est inférieure à la vitesse N1, avant l'arrêt du moteur thermique, on réalise un freinage périodique du moteur thermique 6 par l'alternateur, comme représenté en 19b. Le freinage périodique consiste à freiner le moteur thermique 6, lorsque le vilebrequin se trouve entre les deux positions extrêmes Pm + A1 et Pm - A2, c'est-à-dire dans la zone angulaire d'arrêt du vilebrequin. On module le couple résistant exercé sur le moteur thermique à partir de l'alternateur 10, de manière à augmenter le couple résistant à l'approche de la position idéale Pm du vilebrequin.When the speed of the engine N is lower than the speed N 1 , before stopping the engine, the engine 6 is periodically braked by the alternator, as shown in 19b. The periodic braking consists of braking the engine 6, when the crankshaft is between the two extreme positions P m + A 1 and P m - A 2 , that is to say in the angular zone of stop crankshaft. The resistive torque exerted on the heat engine is modulated from the alternator 10 so as to increase the resistance torque when approaching the ideal position P m of the crankshaft.

    Lorsqu'on a obtenu l'arrêt complet du moteur, comme représenté en 18c, on réalise une comparaison entre la position du vilebrequin mesurée par le capteur de position 15 et la position théorique idéale Pm. Si l'on détecte un écart entre ces deux positions, on réalise un recalage statique comme figuré à l'étape 19c sur la figure 3. Le recalage statique du vilebrequin consiste à alimenter l'alternateur fonctionnant en moteur, pour le faire tourner dans un sens ou dans l'autre jusqu'à obtenir la position idéale du vilebrequin.When the complete stopping of the engine has been obtained, as represented at 18c, a comparison is made between the position of the crankshaft measured by the position sensor 15 and the ideal theoretical position P m . If a difference between these two positions is detected, a static registration is performed as illustrated in step 19c in FIG. 3. The static registration of the crankshaft consists in feeding the alternator operating as a motor, in order to turn it in a direction or in the other until the ideal position of the crankshaft.

    L'alternateur peut alors être utilisé en moteur pour réaliser le démarrage du moteur thermique avec une puissance de démarrage réduite.The alternator can then be used as a motor to start the engine of the engine with a reduced starting power.

    La fonction de l'alternateur réversible réalisant, au moment de l'arrêt du moteur, son positionnement dans la position angulaire idéale et le démarrage du moteur à partir de cette position idéale peut faciliter la mise en oeuvre d'une fonction "stop and start".The function of the reversible alternator realizing, at the moment of the shutdown of the engine, its positioning in the ideal angular position and the starting the engine from this ideal position can facilitate the implementation a "stop and start" function.

    Le procédé suivant l'invention permet donc de placer rapidement les éléments mobiles du moteur au moment de l'arrêt ou après l'arrêt du moteur thermique, pour obtenir des conditions de démarrage idéales, lors d'une utilisation future du moteur.The method according to the invention therefore makes it possible to place the moving parts of the engine at the time of shutdown or after engine shutdown thermal, to obtain ideal starting conditions when using future engine.

    Dans le cas où l'on réalise la mise en oeuvre du procédé de l'invention en utilisant un alternateur réversible qui peut être l'alternateur du véhicule automobile dont le moteur thermique assure la traction, les moyens supplémentaires nécessaires pour cette mise en oeuvre sont constitués uniquement par un capteur de mesure de position angulaire du vilebrequin et par une unité de calcul et de commande programmée. La mise en oeuvre du procédé de l'invention n'entraíne donc qu'un très faible surcoût dans le cadre de la production industrielle d'un véhicule automobile.In the case where the implementation of the method of the invention is carried out using a reversible alternator that can be the alternator of the vehicle automobile whose engine provides traction, additional resources necessary for this implementation consist only of by an angular position sensor of the crankshaft and by a programmed calculation and control unit. The implementation of the method of the invention therefore entails only a very small additional cost in the context industrial production of a motor vehicle.

    Il est toutefois possible d'utiliser un moteur électrique indépendant de l'alternateur pour réaliser le recalage du moteur thermique, ou un système mécanique débrayable.It is however possible to use an electric motor independent of the alternator for realignment of the engine, or a system mechanical disengageable.

    La mise en oeuvre du procédé de l'invention permet d'autre part d'obtenir une économie d'énergie, du fait qu'on récupère de l'énergie de charge de la batterie, pendant le freinage du moteur thermique, lors de son arrêt. En outre, l'obtention de la position idéale d'arrêt du moteur est obtenue plus rapidement que lorsqu'on effectue un recalage consécutif à l'arrêt du moteur. Cependant, la mise en oeuvre du procédé de l'invention est relativement complexe et nécessite l'utilisation de moyens de calcul et de commande d'une assez grande complexité.The implementation of the method of the invention also makes it possible to obtain energy saving, because we recover charge energy of the battery, during the braking of the engine, when it stops. In in addition, obtaining the ideal position of stopping the engine is obtained more quickly than when making a subsequent registration after stopping the engine. However, the implementation of the method of the invention is relatively complex and requires the use of calculation and control quite a lot of complexity.

    L'invention ne se limite pas aux modes de réalisation qui ont été décrits.The invention is not limited to the embodiments that have been described.

    C'est ainsi qu'on peut utiliser à la place d'un alternateur réversible, un ensemble constitué par un alternateur et un moteur.This is how you can use a reversible alternator instead of a set consisting of an alternator and a motor.

    On peut utiliser une machine électrique de tout type à alimentation continue ou alternative.An electric machine of any type can be used continuous or alternative.

    L'invention s'applique à tout moteur thermique et en particulier aux moteurs thermiques assurant la traction des véhicules automobiles.The invention applies to any heat engine and in particular to thermal engines for traction of motor vehicles.

    Claims (9)

    1. Method of positioning movable components (2, 3, 4) of a thermal engine (6), in a stopped position of the engine (6) facilitating starting, the engine (6) comprising at least one piston (2) able to move in alternating fashion in a cylinder, connected to a crankshaft (4) by a connecting rod (3) driving the crankshaft (4) in rotation about an axis (5), in which the angular position of the crankshaft (4) is adjusted about its axis of rotation (5), in order to place it in a predetermined angular position (Pm), by means of a rotary electrical machine (10) rotationally connected to the crankshaft (4),
      characterised in that the thermal engine (6) is braked by means of the rotary electrical machine (10), during the stoppage of the thermal engine (6), so that, at the time of complete stoppage of the thermal engine (6), the crankshaft (4) is situated in its predetermined angular position (Pm).
    2. Method according to Claim 1, characterised by the fact that the braking of the thermal engine (6) is modulated according to the speed of rotation of the thermal engine (6) measured during the stoppage of the thermal engine (6).
    3. Method according to Claim 2, characterised by the fact that continuous braking of the thermal engine (6) is achieved by exerting a torque on the crankshaft (4) when the speed of the thermal engine (6) is between a predetermined speed (N1) less than the tickover speed (Nr) of the engine and the tickover speed, and by the fact that a periodic braking of the engine is effected when its speed is less than the predetermined speed (N1) less than the tickover speed, the braking of the engine being effected during periods when the crankshaft is in a stop zone extending on each side of the predetermined angular position (Pm).
    4. Method according to Claim 3, characterised by the fact that the periodic braking of the engine in the angular stop zone of the crankshaft (4) is modulated by making the torque of the electrical machine (10) maximum in the predetermined angular position (Pm) of the crankshaft (4).
    5. Method according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised by the fact that, after the complete stoppage of the thermal engine (6), a static resetting of the position of the crankshaft (4) is effected, using the rotary electrical machine as a motor.
    6. Method according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised by the fact that the angular position of the crankshaft (4) of the engine is measured, this angular position is compared with the predetermined angular position (Pm) and, from the result of the comparison, a control signal for the rotary electrical machine (10) is produced in order to perform at least one of the braking and resetting functions of the thermal engine (6).
    7. Device for positioning the movable components (2, 3, 4) of a thermal engine (6), in a stopped position of the engine (6) facilitating starting, the thermal engine (6) comprising at least one piston (2) able to move in an alternating fashion in a cylinder, connected to a crankshaft (4) by a connecting rod (3) driving the crankshaft in rotation about an axis (5), characterised by the fact that it comprises a rotary electrical machine (10) rotationally connected to the crankshaft (4) of the thermal engine (6) and means for the electronic control (9, 23) of the electrical machine (10) in order to brake and stop the thermal engine (6) with its crankshaft in a predetermined angular position (Pm).
    8. Device according to Claim 7, characterised by the fact that the rotary electrical machine (10) is a reversible alternator able to function as an alternator or as a motor.
    9. Device according to either one of Claims 7 and 8, characterised by the fact that the control means for the rotary electrical machine (10) comprise means of comparing the speed of the engine with predetermined values and means of controlling the braking of the thermal engine (6) by the electrical rotary machine (10) according to the results of the comparison of the speed of the engine and predetermined values.
    EP01400722A 2000-03-21 2001-03-20 Process and device for positioning a combustion engine in a favourable starting position Expired - Lifetime EP1136696B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    FR0003609A FR2806757B1 (en) 2000-03-21 2000-03-21 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR POSITIONING A HEAT ENGINE, IN A STOP POSITION FOR EASIER STARTING
    FR0003609 2000-03-21

    Publications (2)

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    EP1136696A1 EP1136696A1 (en) 2001-09-26
    EP1136696B1 true EP1136696B1 (en) 2005-08-03

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    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP01400722A Expired - Lifetime EP1136696B1 (en) 2000-03-21 2001-03-20 Process and device for positioning a combustion engine in a favourable starting position

    Country Status (5)

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    EP (1) EP1136696B1 (en)
    AT (1) ATE301246T1 (en)
    DE (1) DE60112349T2 (en)
    ES (1) ES2245673T3 (en)
    FR (1) FR2806757B1 (en)

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    DE10050170A1 (en) * 2000-10-11 2002-04-25 Daimler Chrysler Ag Device for starting an internal combustion engine
    JP2004036429A (en) 2002-07-01 2004-02-05 Toyota Motor Corp Control device for internal combustion engine
    JP4082578B2 (en) * 2002-10-04 2008-04-30 本田技研工業株式会社 Engine start control device
    DE60232524D1 (en) * 2002-11-25 2009-07-16 Ford Global Tech Llc Blocking mechanism for the crankshaft of an internal combustion engine
    EP1422421B1 (en) * 2002-11-25 2010-11-24 Ford Global Technologies, LLC Method and system for controlledly shutting down and restarting an internal combustion engine
    KR20050095631A (en) * 2003-01-27 2005-09-29 도요다 지도샤 가부시끼가이샤 Control apparatus of internal combustion engine
    JP3794389B2 (en) * 2003-01-27 2006-07-05 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Stop control device for internal combustion engine
    JP4062264B2 (en) * 2003-06-06 2008-03-19 アイシン・エィ・ダブリュ株式会社 Vehicle drive control device, vehicle drive control method, and program
    JP4075699B2 (en) 2003-06-20 2008-04-16 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Vehicle control device
    EP1586765B1 (en) 2004-04-15 2011-06-29 TEMIC Automotive Electric Motors GmbH Method and control system for positioning the crankshaft during shutdown of a combustion engine
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    CN107795422B (en) * 2013-12-20 2019-05-21 雅马哈发动机株式会社 Engine unit and vehicle
    FR3110638A1 (en) 2020-05-25 2021-11-26 Psa Automobiles Sa PROCEDURE FOR REPOSITIONING A THERMAL ENGINE CRANKSHAFT BEFORE RE-STARTING

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    ATE301246T1 (en) 2005-08-15
    DE60112349T2 (en) 2006-03-09
    EP1136696A1 (en) 2001-09-26
    DE60112349D1 (en) 2005-09-08
    FR2806757B1 (en) 2002-06-21
    ES2245673T3 (en) 2006-01-16
    FR2806757A1 (en) 2001-09-28

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